UnificationXref8998
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_235360
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_235360.1

UnificationXref8999
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598657
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598657

UnificationXref8996
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598655
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598655

UnificationXref8997
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598656
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598656

UnificationXref8994
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3670
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3670.1

UnificationXref8995
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598654
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598654

UnificationXref8992
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598620
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598620

UnificationXref8993
type: UnificationXref
id: 72595
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=72595

UnificationXref8990
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598653
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598653

UnificationXref8991
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_232362
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_232362.1

RelationshipXref160
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602139
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602139

RelationshipXref161
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004467
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

S-methyl-5-thio-?-D-ribose 1-phosphate(2?)
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: ChEBI:58533 S-methyl-5-thio-?-D-ribose 1-phosphate(2?)
xref: UnificationXref4756

RelationshipXref164
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604189
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604189

RelationshipXref165
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604186
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604186

RelationshipXref162
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599782
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599782

RelationshipXref163
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0009922
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref168
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604192
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604192

RelationshipXref169
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016509
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref166
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604199
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604199

RelationshipXref167
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604180
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604180

RelationshipXref159
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003989
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9809442
type: PublicationXref
id: 9809442
author: Marin-Garcia, J
author: Ananthakrishnan, R
author: Goldenthal, MJ
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning and molecular analysis of the human citrate synthase gene
source: Genome 41:733-738
year: 1998

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11903050
type: PublicationXref
id: 11903050
author: MacMullen, CM
author: Smith, TJ
author: Poncz, M
author: Hsu, BY
author: Fang, J
author: Stanley, CA
db: Pubmed
title: Expression, purification and characterization of human glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) allosteric regulatory mutations
source: Biochem J 363:81-7
year: 2002

RelationshipXref150
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605742
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605742

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8774846
type: PublicationXref
id: 8774846
author: Cohen, P
author: Young, P R
author: Clifton, A D
db: Pubmed
title: A comparison of the substrate specificity of MAPKAP kinase-2 and MAPKAP kinase-3 and their activation by cytokines and cellular stress
source: FEBS Lett. 392:209-14
year: 1996

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10676816
type: PublicationXref
id: 10676816
author: Cerione, RA
author: Nassar, N
author: Hoffman, GR
db: Pubmed
title: Structure of the Rho family GTP-binding protein Cdc42 in complex with the multifunctional regulator RhoGDI
source: Cell 100:345-56
year: 2000

RelationshipXref151
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605752
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605752

RelationshipXref152
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0052658
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref153
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605725
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605725

RelationshipXref154
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605770
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605770

RelationshipXref155
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600817
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600817

RelationshipXref156
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0019433
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref157
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003878
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref158
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599744
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599744

UnificationXref8972
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_263816
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_263816.1

UnificationXref8973
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599039
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599039

UnificationXref8970
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_240994
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_240994.1

UnificationXref8971
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607839
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607839

UnificationXref8976
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599051
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599051

UnificationXref8977
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599052
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599052

UnificationXref8974
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599050
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599050

UnificationXref8975
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_224655
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_224655.2

RelationshipXref182
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599762
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599762

RelationshipXref183
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004679
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref180
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604235
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604235

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18442489
type: PublicationXref
id: 18442489
author: Wallace, JC
author: Pendini, Nicole R
author: Wilce, Matthew C
author: Polyak, Steven W
author: Booker, Grant W
author: Bailey, Lisa M
db: Pubmed
title: Microbial biotin protein ligases aid in understanding holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency
source: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1784:973-82
year: 2008

RelationshipXref181
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0019432
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18414735
type: PublicationXref
id: 18414735
author: Kufer, TA
db: Pubmed
title: Signal transduction pathways used by NLR-type innate immune receptors
source: Mol Biosyst 4:380-6
year: 2008

UnificationXref8979
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607226
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607226

RelationshipXref188
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004421
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8978
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_212465
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_212465.2

RelationshipXref189
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599266
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599266

RelationshipXref186
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003985
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref187
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597939
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597939

RelationshipXref184
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602108
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602108

RelationshipXref185
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006853
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/642006
type: PublicationXref
id: 642006
author: Gall, JG
author: Blackburn, EH
db: Pubmed
title: A tandemly repeated sequence at the termini of the extrachromosomal ribosomal RNA genes in Tetrahymena
source: J Mol Biol 120:33-53
year: 1978

UnificationXref8981
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598662
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598662

UnificationXref8982
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_224414
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_224414.2

UnificationXref8983
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598663
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598663

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22449188
type: PublicationXref
id: 22449188
author: Schibler, Andria C
author: Koutelou, E
author: Butler, Jill S
author: Dent, Sharon Y R
db: Pubmed
title: Histone-modifying enzymes: regulators of developmental decisions and drivers of human disease
source: Epigenomics 4:163-77
year: 2012

UnificationXref8984
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_204474
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_204474.2

UnificationXref8985
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598664
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598664

UnificationXref8986
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599053
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599053

UnificationXref8987
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225122
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225122.2

UnificationXref8988
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607224
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607224

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14583602
type: PublicationXref
id: 14583602
author: Katada, T
author: Hoshino, S
author: Uchida, N
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of a human cytoplasmic poly(A) nuclease complex stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein
source: J Biol Chem 279:1383-91
year: 2004

UnificationXref8980
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206850
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206850.2

RelationshipXref170
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604196
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604196

RelationshipXref171
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0017099
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref172
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604206
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604206

RelationshipXref177
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599794
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599794

UnificationXref8989
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_210923
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_210923.2

RelationshipXref178
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599816
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599816

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17322878
type: PublicationXref
id: 17322878
author: Citri, A
author: Yarden, Y
author: Amit, I
author: Jacob-Hirsch, J
author: Siwak, D
author: Segal, E
author: Lu, Y
author: Tarcic, G
author: Amariglio, N
author: Mills, GB
author: Katz, M
author: Shay, T
author: Vaisman, N
author: Lahad, J
author: Domany, E
author: Rechavi, G
author: Alon, U
author: Zhang, F
db: Pubmed
title: A module of negative feedback regulators defines growth factor signaling
source: Nat Genet 39:503-12
year: 2007

RelationshipXref179
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004144
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref173
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0035338
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref174
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004367
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref175
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599807
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599807

RelationshipXref176
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003841
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction258
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction254
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction252
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction255
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction253
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction256
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction250
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction257
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction251
evidence: Evidence367
xref: RelationshipXref386
xref: UnificationXref2907
xref: UnificationXref2908
pathway order: PathwayStep357
pathway order: PathwayStep356
pathway order: PathwayStep359
pathway order: PathwayStep358
pathway order: PathwayStep361
pathway order: PathwayStep362
pathway order: PathwayStep355
pathway order: PathwayStep360
pathway order: PathwayStep363
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9438390
type: PublicationXref
id: 9438390
author: Webster, MK
author: Bardwell, WM
author: Meyer, AN
author: Donoghue, DJ
author: Robertson, SC
author: d'Avis, PY
db: Pubmed
title: Constitutive activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 by mutations responsible for the lethal skeletal dysplasia thanatophoric dysplasia type I
source: Cell Growth Differ 9:71-8
year: 1998

RelationshipXref196
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000295
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref195
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0044255
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref198
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016830
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref197
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603052
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603052

RelationshipXref199
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603046
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603046

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9188485
type: PublicationXref
id: 9188485
author: Folk, JE
author: Park, MH
author: Wolff, EC
db: Pubmed
title: Enzyme-substrate intermediate formation at lysine 329 of human deoxyhypusine synthase
source: J Biol Chem 272:15865-71
year: 1997

RelationshipXref190
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046951
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref192
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046950
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref191
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046952
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref194
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601382
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601382

RelationshipXref193
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004368
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Synthesis of PIPs at the early endosome membrane
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction225
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction224
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction223
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction222
evidence: Evidence320
xref: UnificationXref2569
xref: RelationshipXref292
xref: UnificationXref2570
pathway order: PathwayStep314
pathway order: PathwayStep315
pathway order: PathwayStep313
pathway order: PathwayStep316
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8541526
type: PublicationXref
id: 8541526
author: Park, JG
author: Hunter, S
author: Schreiber, AD
author: Indik, ZK
db: Pubmed
title: The molecular dissection of Fc gamma receptor mediated phagocytosis
source: Blood 86:4389-99
year: 1995

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1371749
type: PublicationXref
id: 1371749
author: Saxty, BA
author: Groot, PH
author: Kmetz, PJ
author: Near, JC
author: Hughes, SA
author: Franklin, M
author: Wells, TN
author: Gloger, IS
author: Elshourbagy, NA
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning and expression of a human ATP-citrate lyase cDNA
source: Eur J Biochem 204:491-9
year: 1992

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9771708
type: PublicationXref
id: 9771708
author: Ahmad, W
author: Swank, RT
author: Krakow, D
author: King, LM
author: Cohn, DH
author: Abbas, H
author: Ahmad, M
author: Rusiniak, ME
author: Superti-Furga, A
author: Cantor, RM
author: ul Haque, MF
author: Haque, S
db: Pubmed
title: Mutations in orthologous genes in human spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia and the brachymorphic mouse
source: Nat Genet 20:157-62
year: 1998

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8631325
type: PublicationXref
id: 8631325
author: Peng, HL
author: Chao, YC
author: Chang, HY
author: Duggleby, RG
author: Huang, JG
db: Pubmed
title: Sequence differences between human muscle and liver cDNAs for UDPglucose pyrophosphorylase and kinetic properties of the recombinant enzymes expressed in Escherichia coli.
source: Eur J Biochem 235:173-9
year: 1996

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9771710
type: PublicationXref
id: 9771710
author: Snead, O Carter
author: Andermann, Eva
author: Dunham, Ian
author: Fong, Chung-yan G
author: Soder, Sylvia
author: Tsui, LC
author: Satishchandra, P
author: Scherer, Stephen W
author: Jardim, L
author: Huizenga, Jack
author: Delgado-Escueta, Antonio V
author: Gardner, Rebecca
author: Lopes-Cendes, Iscia
author: Lee, Jeffrey R
author: Minassian, Berge A
author: Mungall, Andrew J
author: Herbrick, Jo-Anne
author: Rouleau, Guy A
author: Carpenter, Stirling
db: Pubmed
title: Mutations in a gene encoding a novel protein tyrosine phosphatase cause progressive myoclonus epilepsy
source: Nat. Genet. 20:171-4
year: 1998

UnificationXref8917
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606476
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606476

UnificationXref8916
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606475
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606475

UnificationXref8919
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606823
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606823

UnificationXref8918
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9US53
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8913
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606819
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606819

UnificationXref8912
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606573
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606573

UnificationXref8915
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606474
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606474

UnificationXref8914
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606472
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606472

UnificationXref8910
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606570
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606570

UnificationXref8911
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606572
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606572

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20945529
type: PublicationXref
id: 20945529
author: Sistonen, Lea
author: Björk, Johanna K
db: Pubmed
title: Regulation of the members of the mammalian heat shock factor family
source: FEBS J. 277:4126-39
year: 2010

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19443651
type: PublicationXref
id: 19443651
author: Wang, Jianghai
author: Fukui, Lisa
author: Lee, Brian
author: Cai, Sheng
author: Chen, Yuan
author: Hu, Weidong
db: Pubmed
title: Conformational transition associated with E1-E2 interaction in small ubiquitin-like modifications
source: J. Biol. Chem. 284:20340-8
year: 2009

UnificationXref8929
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606836
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606836

UnificationXref8928
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606834
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606834

UnificationXref8927
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606833
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606833

UnificationXref8926
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606831
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606831

UnificationXref8925
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_233387
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_233387.1

UnificationXref8924
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606829
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606829

UnificationXref8923
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606827
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606827

UnificationXref8921
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606825
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606825

UnificationXref8922
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606826
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606826

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20945530
type: PublicationXref
id: 20945530
author: Enoki, Yasuaki
author: Sakurai, Hiroshi
db: Pubmed
title: Novel aspects of heat shock factors: DNA recognition, chromatin modulation and gene expression
source: FEBS J. 277:4140-9
year: 2010

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16738315
type: PublicationXref
id: 16738315
author: Lee, Hsiang-Ying
author: Gill, Grace
author: Catic, Andre
author: Di Bacco, A
author: Ouyang, Jian
author: Ploegh, Hidde
db: Pubmed
title: The SUMO-specific protease SENP5 is required for cell division
source: Mol. Cell. Biol. 26:4489-98
year: 2006

UnificationXref8920
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606824
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606824

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19957260
type: PublicationXref
id: 19957260
author: Lambert, DM
author: Ferrer, JL
author: Bauvois, C
author: Wouters, J
author: Borel, F
author: Labar, G
db: Pubmed
title: Crystal structure of the human monoacylglycerol lipase, a key actor in endocannabinoid signaling
source: Chembiochem 11:218-27
year: 2010

RelationshipXref100
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004751
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref101
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598117
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598117

RelationshipXref102
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006098
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref103
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004749
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15153069
type: PublicationXref
id: 15153069
author: Lake, S
author: Climent, I
author: Swiezewska, E
author: Forsgren, M
author: Attersand, A
author: Dallner, G
author: Grünler, J
db: Pubmed
title: Isolation and functional expression of human COQ2, a gene encoding a polyprenyl transferase involved in the synthesis of CoQ
source: Biochem J 382:519-26
year: 2004

RelationshipXref109
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004020
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref108
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601271
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601271

RelationshipXref105
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599099
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599099

RelationshipXref104
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600270
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600270

RelationshipXref107
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004781
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref106
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006015
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8909
type: UnificationXref
id: MOD:00083
db: MOD

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1985938
type: PublicationXref
id: 1985938
author: Parés, X
author: Moreno, A
db: Pubmed
title: Purification and characterization of a new alcohol dehydrogenase from human stomach.
source: J Biol Chem 266:1128-33
year: 1991

UnificationXref8904
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606818
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606818

UnificationXref8903
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606816
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606816

UnificationXref8902
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606815
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606815

UnificationXref8901
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606814
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606814

UnificationXref8908
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606470
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606470

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18555844
type: PublicationXref
id: 18555844
author: Buehrer, B
author: Madan, AK
author: Fain, JN
author: Bahouth, SW
author: Tichansky, DS
db: Pubmed
title: Comparison of messenger RNA distribution for 60 proteins in fat cells vs the nonfat cells of human omental adipose tissue
source: Metabolism 57:1005-15
year: 2008

UnificationXref8907
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606469
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606469

UnificationXref8906
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606467
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606467

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15276077
type: PublicationXref
id: 15276077
author: Chimienti, F
author: Seve, M
author: Favier, A
author: Coquerel, Y
author: Pennequin, A
author: Devergnas, S
author: Naud, N
author: Chantegrel, J
db: Pubmed
title: Differential regulation of zinc efflux transporters ZnT-1, ZnT-5 and ZnT-7 gene expression by zinc levels: a real-time RT-PCR study
source: Biochem Pharmacol 68:699-709
year: 2004

UnificationXref8905
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_248296
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_248296.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17266529
type: PublicationXref
id: 17266529
author: Hyde, JE
db: Pubmed
title: Targeting purine and pyrimidine metabolism in human apicomplexan parasites
source: Curr Drug Targets 8:31-47
year: 2007

Pyrimidine metabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 227862.2
pathway component: Pyrimidine catabolism
pathway component: REACT 210679.2
evidence: Evidence499
xref: UnificationXref3807
xref: UnificationXref3808
xref: RelationshipXref546
pathway order: PathwayStep494
pathway order: PathwayStep485
pathway order: PathwayStep489
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8900
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606813
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606813

RelationshipXref121
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605732
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605732

RelationshipXref120
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004435
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12700044
type: PublicationXref
id: 12700044
author: Maness, PF
author: Thelen, K
author: Panicker, AK
author: Buhusi, M
db: Pubmed
title: Cellular signalling mechanisms of neural cell adhesion molecules
source: Front Biosci 8:d900-11
year: 2003

SequenceSite3909
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8956
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607032
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607032

RelationshipXref123
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0052659
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

SequenceSite3908
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 808

UnificationXref8957
type: UnificationXref
id: MOD:00076
db: MOD

RelationshipXref122
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605768
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605768

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1985966
type: PublicationXref
id: 1985966
author: Ervin, SJ
author: Wiest, L
author: Celano, P
author: Casero RA, Jr
author: Applegren, NB
author: Pegg, AE
db: Pubmed
title: Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone that codes for human spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase
source: J Biol Chem 266:810-4
year: 1991

UnificationXref8958
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606993
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606993

RelationshipXref125
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605760
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605760

UnificationXref8959
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606995
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606995

RelationshipXref124
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605764
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605764

SequenceSite3905
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3904
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 808

SequenceSite3907
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3906
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 686

SequenceSite3901
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3900
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 919

SequenceSite3903
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3902
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1249

SequenceSite3910
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 686

UnificationXref8953
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607030
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607030

RelationshipXref126
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0043647
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8952
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607029
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607029

RelationshipXref127
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008440
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8955
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_257542
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_257542.1

RelationshipXref128
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605782
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605782

UnificationXref8954
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607031
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607031

RelationshipXref129
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000825
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8951
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607028
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607028

UnificationXref8950
type: UnificationXref
id: O14021
db: UniProt

RelationshipXref110
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601259
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601259

UnificationXref8969
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607838
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607838

RelationshipXref114
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003943
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref113
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0050428
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8967
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607852
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607852

RelationshipXref112
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604272
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604272

SequenceSite3919
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8968
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_237027
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_237027.1

RelationshipXref111
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046964
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

SequenceSite3918
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 360

SequenceSite3917
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3916
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 235

SequenceSite3915
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3914
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 235

SequenceSite3913
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3912
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 16

SequenceSite3911
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3920
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 364

SequenceSite3921
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15538381
type: PublicationXref
id: 15538381
author: Lu, M
author: Gherzi, R
author: Leuenberger, SA
author: Hemmings, BA
author: Stoecklin, G
author: Hess, D
author: Mallaun, M
author: Schmidlin, M
author: Moroni, C
author: Gross, B
db: Pubmed
title: The ARE-dependent mRNA-destabilizing activity of BRF1 is regulated by protein kinase B
source: EMBO J 23:4760-9
year: 2004

UnificationXref8966
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_235906
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_235906.1

RelationshipXref117
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0030204
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8965
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607016
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607016

RelationshipXref118
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0030203
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8964
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607015
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607015

RelationshipXref115
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605308
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605308

UnificationXref8963
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607014
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607014

RelationshipXref116
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0030207
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8962
type: UnificationXref
id: O43017
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8961
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606997
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606997

UnificationXref8960
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606996
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606996

RelationshipXref119
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005975
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8934
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606844
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606844

RelationshipXref145
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605772
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605772

UnificationXref8935
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606845
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606845

RelationshipXref144
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605715
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605715

UnificationXref8936
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606846
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606846

RelationshipXref147
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605776
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605776

UnificationXref8937
type: UnificationXref
id: O60184
db: UniProt

RelationshipXref146
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605750
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605750

UnificationXref8938
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606850
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606850

RelationshipXref141
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0052836
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8939
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606851
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606851

RelationshipXref140
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605756
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605756

RelationshipXref143
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000829
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref142
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605774
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605774

SequenceSite3923
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3922
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 365

SequenceSite3925
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3924
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 367

SequenceSite3927
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3926
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 360

SequenceSite3929
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3928
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 364

SequenceSite3930
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 365

SequenceSite3931
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3932
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 367

UnificationXref8931
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606839
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606839

RelationshipXref148
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605762
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605762

UnificationXref8930
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606838
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606838

RelationshipXref149
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605720
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605720

UnificationXref8933
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606842
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606842

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11907280
type: PublicationXref
id: 11907280
author: Hagting, A
author: Pines, J
author: Jackman, M
author: Kubota, Y
author: Den Elzen, N
db: Pubmed
title: Cyclin A- and cyclin E-Cdk complexes shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
source: Mol Biol Cell 13:1030-45
year: 2002

UnificationXref8932
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606840
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606840

UnificationXref8947
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607020
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607020

RelationshipXref136
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605734
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605734

UnificationXref8948
type: UnificationXref
id: O94244
db: UniProt

RelationshipXref135
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000827
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10448521
type: PublicationXref
id: 10448521
author: Seetharam, B
db: Pubmed
title: Receptor-mediated endocytosis of cobalamin (vitamin B12)
source: Annu. Rev. Nutr. 19:173-95
year: 1999

UnificationXref8945
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606562
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606562

RelationshipXref134
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605748
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605748

Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites)
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 254488.1
evidence: Evidence1319
xref: UnificationXref8168
xref: UnificationXref8167
pathway order: PathwayStep1303
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8946
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9Y825
db: UniProt

RelationshipXref133
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000824
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref132
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605778
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605778

RelationshipXref131
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047326
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8949
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607024
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607024

RelationshipXref130
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605754
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605754

SequenceSite3936
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 456

SequenceSite3935
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 43

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9335335
type: PublicationXref
id: 9335335
author: Bell, SP
author: Aparicio, OM
author: Weinstein, DM
db: Pubmed
title: Components and dynamics of DNA replication complexes in S. cerevisiae: redistribution of MCM proteins and Cdc45p during S phase.
source: Cell 91:59-69
year: 1997

SequenceSite3934
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 365

SequenceSite3933
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3939
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3938
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 528

SequenceSite3937
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 15

SequenceSite3942
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 204

SequenceSite3943
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3940
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 148

SequenceSite3941
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8940
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606852
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606852

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16738331
type: PublicationXref
id: 16738331
author: Itahana, Yoko
author: Yeh, Edward T H
author: Zhang, Yanping
db: Pubmed
title: Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling modulates activity and ubiquitination-dependent turnover of SUMO-specific protease 2
source: Mol. Cell. Biol. 26:4675-89
year: 2006

UnificationXref8944
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_234764
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_234764.1

RelationshipXref139
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000828
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8943
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607847
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607847

UnificationXref8942
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_231266
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_231266.1

RelationshipXref137
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0052839
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8941
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606854
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606854

RelationshipXref138
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605780
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605780

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7564244
type: PublicationXref
id: 7564244
author: Mooyer, P
author: Wanders, RJ
db: Pubmed
title: D-2-hydroxyglutaric acidaemia: identification of a new enzyme, D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, localized in mitochondria
source: J Inherit Metab Dis 18:194-6
year: 1995

SequenceSite3840
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3842
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3841
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 507

SequenceSite3844
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15317809
type: PublicationXref
id: 15317809
author: Van Remmen, Holly
author: Muller, Florian L
author: Liu, Yuhong
db: Pubmed
title: Complex III releases superoxide to both sides of the inner mitochondrial membrane
source: J. Biol. Chem. 279:49064-73
year: 2004

SequenceSite3843
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 473

SequenceSite3834
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 180

UnificationXref3078
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600871
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600871

SequenceSite3835
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 182

UnificationXref3079
type: UnificationXref
id: 164121
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=164121

SequenceSite3836
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3837
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 364

SequenceSite3838
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UnificationXref3074
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607464
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607464

SequenceSite3839
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 360

UnificationXref3075
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_236670
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_236670.1

UnificationXref3076
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600870
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600870

UnificationXref3077
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_237976
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_237976.1

UnificationXref3070
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607409
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607409

UnificationXref3071
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_247019
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_247019.1

UnificationXref3072
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607466
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607466

UnificationXref3073
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_242378
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_242378.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10501970
type: PublicationXref
id: 10501970
author: Francomano, CA
author: Munnich, A
author: King, LM
author: Wilkin, DJ
author: Clarke, CF
author: Ho, N
author: Jonassen, T
author: Vajo, Z
db: Pubmed
title: Conservation of the Caenorhabditis elegans timing gene clk-1 from yeast to human: a gene required for ubiquinone biosynthesis with potential implications for aging
source: Mamm Genome 10:1000-4
year: 1999

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15280035
type: PublicationXref
id: 15280035
author: Kissner, Reinhard
author: Nauser, Thomas
author: Koppenol, Willem H
author: Vander Stricht, Delphine
author: Clippe, André
author: Dubuisson, Marlène
author: Etienne, Florence
author: Rees, Jean-François
author: Knoops, Bernard
db: Pubmed
title: Human peroxiredoxin 5 is a peroxynitrite reductase
source: FEBS Lett. 571:161-5
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10970868
type: PublicationXref
id: 10970868
author: Bell, SP
author: Klemm, RD
author: Lee, DG
author: Makhov, AM
db: Pubmed
title: Regulation of origin recognition complex conformation and ATPase activity: differential effects of single-stranded and double-stranded DNA binding.
source: EMBO J 19:4774-82
year: 2000

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15519848
type: PublicationXref
id: 15519848
author: Reissmann, S
author: Meyer, AS
author: Frydman, J
author: Spiess, C
db: Pubmed
title: Mechanism of the eukaryotic chaperonin: protein folding in the chamber of secrets
source: Trends Cell Biol 14:598-604
year: 2004

SequenceSite3833
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 505

SequenceSite3832
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3831
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 505

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12482854
type: PublicationXref
id: 12482854
author: Horton, JD
author: Moon, YA
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of two mammalian reductases involved in the two-carbon fatty acyl elongation cascade
source: J Biol Chem 278:7335-43
year: 2003

SequenceSite3830
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3825
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 883

UnificationXref3069
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_245977
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_245977.1

SequenceSite3826
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3823
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 464

UnificationXref3067
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_258447
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_258447.1

SequenceSite3824
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3068
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607408
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607408

SequenceSite3829
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 505

UnificationXref3065
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600387
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600387

UnificationXref3066
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600388
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600388

SequenceSite3827
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 784

UnificationXref3063
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600385
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600385

SequenceSite3828
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3064
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600386
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600386

UnificationXref3061
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600383
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600383

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9712840
type: PublicationXref
id: 9712840
author: Kikuchi, Y
author: Mizutani, M
author: Katada, T
author: Imai, M
author: Hoshino, S
author: Hanaoka, F
author: Ui, M
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular cloning of a novel member of the eukaryotic polypeptide chain-releasing factors (eRF). Its identification as eRF3 interacting with eRF1.
source: J Biol Chem 273:22254-9
year: 1998

UnificationXref3062
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600384
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600384

UnificationXref3060
type: UnificationXref
id: P36600
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15534001
type: PublicationXref
id: 15534001
author: Allison, JG
author: Williams, CC
author: Beckman, BS
author: Jones, FE
author: Vidal, GA
author: Burow, ME
author: Marrero, L
db: Pubmed
title: The ERBB4/HER4 receptor tyrosine kinase regulates gene expression by functioning as a STAT5A nuclear chaperone
source: J Cell Biol 167:469-78
year: 2004

SequenceSite3864
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3863
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 90

SequenceSite3866
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 90

SequenceSite3865
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 706

SequenceSite3860
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 706

SequenceSite3862
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 706

SequenceSite3861
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3052
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188656
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188656.3

UnificationXref3053
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09188
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3054
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600809
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600809

UnificationXref3055
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600810
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600810

SequenceSite3856
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 457

UnificationXref3056
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600812
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600812

SequenceSite3857
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3057
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_245593
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_245593.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12445824
type: PublicationXref
id: 12445824
author: Ganapathy, V
author: Inoue, K
author: Zhuang, L
db: Pubmed
title: Human Na+ -coupled citrate transporter: primary structure, genomic organization, and transport function
source: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 299:465-71
year: 2002

SequenceSite3858
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 457

UnificationXref3058
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607459
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607459

SequenceSite3859
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3059
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188657
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188657.3

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12445829
type: PublicationXref
id: 12445829
author: Visser, WF
author: van Roermund, CW
author: Waterham, HR
author: Wanders, RJ
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of human PMP34 as a peroxisomal ATP transporter
source: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 299:494-7
year: 2002

UnificationXref3050
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_186591
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_186591.3

herbimycin
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: herbimycin [ChEBI:5674]
xref: UnificationXref5695

UnificationXref3051
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607652
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607652

SequenceSite3855
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3854
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 507

SequenceSite3853
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3852
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 319

UnificationXref3049
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603198
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603198

SequenceSite3851
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 312

SequenceSite3850
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 473

UnificationXref3043
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_196359
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_196359.3

UnificationXref3044
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607806
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607806

SequenceSite3849
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3041
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_161274
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_161274.1

UnificationXref3042
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605924
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605924

SequenceSite3847
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 300

UnificationXref3047
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_220852
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_220852.2

SequenceSite3848
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 387

UnificationXref3048
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603197
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603197

SequenceSite3845
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 367

UnificationXref3045
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188282
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188282.3

SequenceSite3846
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 293

UnificationXref3046
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607241
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607241

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9587028
type: PublicationXref
id: 9587028
author: Fowler, B
db: Pubmed
title: Genetic defects of folate and cobalamin metabolism
source: Eur. J. Pediatr. 157:S60-6
year: 1998

UnificationXref3040
type: UnificationXref
id: 2162198
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=2162198

SequenceSite3881
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3882
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 545

SequenceSite3883
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3884
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 559

SequenceSite3885
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11896061
type: PublicationXref
id: 11896061
author: Hang, Jun
author: Dasso, Mary
db: Pubmed
title: Association of the human SUMO-1 protease SENP2 with the nuclear pore
source: J. Biol. Chem. 277:19961-6
year: 2002

SequenceSite3886
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 559

SequenceSite3887
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3888
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 486

SequenceSite3880
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 545

SequenceSite3879
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3878
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 706

SequenceSite3872
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3873
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 706

SequenceSite3870
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 676

SequenceSite3871
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 695

SequenceSite3876
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 695

SequenceSite3877
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3874
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 538

SequenceSite3875
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 676

SequenceSite3869
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 538

SequenceSite3868
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 706

Ubiquinol biosynthesis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction269
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction267
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction268
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction265
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction266
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction264
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction270
evidence: Evidence382
xref: UnificationXref3044
xref: UnificationXref3045
xref: RelationshipXref410
pathway order: PathwayStep378
pathway order: PathwayStep372
pathway order: PathwayStep373
pathway order: PathwayStep374
pathway order: PathwayStep375
pathway order: PathwayStep376
pathway order: PathwayStep377
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3867
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

Depurination
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: Cleavage of the damaged purine
pathway component: REACT 233442.1
evidence: Evidence1293
xref: RelationshipXref1102
xref: UnificationXref8058
xref: UnificationXref8059
pathway order: PathwayStep1275
pathway order: PathwayStep1277
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3091
type: UnificationXref
id: P50526
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3090
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600877
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600877

UnificationXref3093
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600883
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600883

UnificationXref3092
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600881
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600881

UnificationXref3095
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607462
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607462

UnificationXref3094
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_230815
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_230815.1

UnificationXref3097
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607465
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607465

UnificationXref3096
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_222197
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_222197.2

UnificationXref3099
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600835
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600835

Latent infection of Homo sapiens with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: Phagosomal maturation (early endosomal stage)
evidence: Evidence741
xref: UnificationXref5508
xref: UnificationXref5507
xref: RelationshipXref852
pathway order: PathwayStep735
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3098
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_240790
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_240790.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12474143
type: PublicationXref
id: 12474143
author: Carlson, Christopher G
author: Hoffbuhr, Kristen C
author: Kennaway, Nancy G
author: Glerum, D Moira
author: Antonicka, Hana
author: Leary, Scot C
author: Shoubridge, EA
author: Mattman, Andre
db: Pubmed
title: Mutations in COX15 produce a defect in the mitochondrial heme biosynthetic pathway, causing early-onset fatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
source: Am. J. Hum. Genet. 72:101-14
year: 2003

UniProt:P28189
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref224
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3898
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 467

SequenceSite3899
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3896
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 467

SequenceSite3897
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3894
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 524

SequenceSite3895
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3892
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 524

SequenceSite3893
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3890
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 486

SequenceSite3891
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3080
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2883
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2883.1

UnificationXref3084
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600831
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600831

UnificationXref3083
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600830
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600830

UnificationXref3082
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600822
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600822

UnificationXref3081
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600826
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600826

UnificationXref3088
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206958
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206958.2

UnificationXref3087
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600834
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600834

UnificationXref3086
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600833
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600833

UnificationXref3085
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600832
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600832

SequenceSite3889
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3089
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600876
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600876

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18173545
type: PublicationXref
id: 18173545
author: Calamita, G
author: Svelto, M
author: Portincasa, P
author: Palasciano, G
db: Pubmed
title: Aquaporins in the hepatobiliary tract. Which, where and what they do in health and disease
source: Eur J Clin Invest 38:1-10
year: 2008

Base-Excision Repair, AP Site Formation
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 205265.2
pathway component: Depurination
evidence: Evidence1315
xref: RelationshipXref1111
xref: UnificationXref8159
xref: UnificationXref8158
pathway order: PathwayStep1299
pathway order: PathwayStep1278
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14726021
type: PublicationXref
id: 14726021
author: Meek, K
author: Lees-Miller, S P
db: Pubmed
title: Repair of DNA double strand breaks by non-homologous end joining
source: Biochimie 85:1161-73
year: 2003

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8723348
type: PublicationXref
id: 8723348
author: Jefferson, AB
author: Pot, DA
author: Deuter-Reinhard, M
author: Masiarz, FR
author: Cousens, LS
author: Williams, LT
author: Chin, SM
author: Norris, FA
author: Kavanaugh, WM
author: Majerus, PW
db: Pubmed
title: Multiple forms of an inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase form signaling complexes with Shc and Grb2
source: Curr Biol 6:438-45
year: 1996

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1894595
type: PublicationXref
id: 1894595
author: Burbaum, JJ
author: Schimmel, P
db: Pubmed
title: Structural relationships and the classification of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
source: J Biol Chem 266:16965-8
year: 1991

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11851405
type: PublicationXref
id: 11851405
author: Lin, Zheng
author: Liu, Alice Y-C
author: Manalo, Dominador J
db: Pubmed
title: Redox-dependent regulation of the conformation and function of human heat shock factor 1
source: Biochemistry 41:2580-8
year: 2002

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21173190
type: PublicationXref
id: 21173190
author: Agarwal, AK
author: Prasad, SS
author: Garg, A
db: Pubmed
title: Enzymatic activities of the human AGPAT isoform 3 and isoform 5: localization of AGPAT5 to mitochondria
source: J Lipid Res 52:451-62
year: 2011

UnificationXref3037
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605948
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605948

UnificationXref3036
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605946
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605946

UnificationXref3035
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605945
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605945

UnificationXref3034
type: UnificationXref
id: O74826
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3033
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_14089
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_14089.2

UnificationXref3032
type: UnificationXref
id: 352605
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=352605

UnificationXref3031
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_160371
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_160371.1

UnificationXref3030
type: UnificationXref
id: 2162212
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=2162212

UnificationXref3038
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_196428
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_196428.3

UnificationXref3039
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:64183
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3024
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_161541
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_161541.1

UnificationXref3023
type: UnificationXref
id: 2162204
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=2162204

UnificationXref3026
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605935
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605935

UnificationXref3025
type: UnificationXref
id: P87230
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3020
type: UnificationXref
id: 2162205
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=2162205

UnificationXref3022
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:64181
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3021
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_161345
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_161345.1

UnificationXref3027
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605937
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605937

UnificationXref3028
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_196466
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_196466.3

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16483939
type: PublicationXref
id: 16483939
author: Pacek, M
author: Kubota, Y
author: Takisawa, H
author: Tutter, AV
author: Walter, JC
db: Pubmed
title: Localization of MCM2-7, Cdc45, and GINS to the site of DNA unwinding during eukaryotic DNA replication
source: Mol Cell 21:581-7
year: 2006

UnificationXref3029
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:64182
db: ChEBI

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9110970
type: PublicationXref
id: 9110970
author: Lingner, J
author: Shevchenko, A
author: Hughes, TR
author: Lundblad, V
author: Mann, M
author: Cech, TR
db: Pubmed
title: Reverse transcriptase motifs in the catalytic subunit of telomerase
source: Science 276:561-7
year: 1997

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3049610
type: PublicationXref
id: 3049610
author: Smith, BL
author: Agre, P
author: Denker, BM
author: Kuhajda, FP
db: Pubmed
title: Identification, purification, and partial characterization of a novel Mr 28,000 integral membrane protein from erythrocytes and renal tubules
source: J Biol Chem 263:15634-42
year: 1988

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16339074
type: PublicationXref
id: 16339074
author: Supakorndej, T
author: Tomlinson, RL
author: Terns, RM
author: Ziegler, TD
author: Terns, MP
db: Pubmed
title: Cell cycle-regulated trafficking of human telomerase to telomeres
source: Mol Biol Cell 17:955-65
year: 2006

UnificationXref3011
type: UnificationXref
id: 2162215
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=2162215

UnificationXref3010
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:50776
db: ChEBI

ChEBI:58548 S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate(2?)
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate(2?)
xref: UnificationXref4764

UnificationXref3015
type: UnificationXref
id: O74421
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3014
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_161327
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_161327.1

UnificationXref3013
type: UnificationXref
id: 2162252
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=2162252

UnificationXref3012
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_160433
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_160433.1

UnificationXref3018
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_196459
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_196459.3

Metabolism of porphyrins
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 262908.1
evidence: Evidence688
xref: RelationshipXref801
xref: UnificationXref5078
xref: UnificationXref5079
pathway order: PathwayStep683
display name: Porphyrin metabolism
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3019
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:64180
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3016
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605922
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605922

UnificationXref3017
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605941
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605941

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17008356
type: PublicationXref
id: 17008356
author: Monroy, N
author: Kretz, C
author: Mandel, JL
author: Payrastre, B
author: Dondaine, N
author: Tronchère, H
author: Zanoteli, E
author: Rohde, HM
author: Tosch, V
author: Laporte, J
db: Pubmed
title: A novel PtdIns3P and PtdIns(3,5)P2 phosphatase with an inactivating variant in centronuclear myopathy
source: Hum Mol Genet 15:3098-106
year: 2006

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8325892
type: PublicationXref
id: 8325892
author: Froguel, P
author: Velho, G
author: Stoffel, M
author: Vionnet, N
author: Cohen, D
author: Takeda, J
author: St. Charles, R
author: Bell, GI
author: Vaxillaire, M
author: Pilkis, SJ
author: Weber, IT
author: Gidh-Jain, M
author: Shimada, F
author: Nishi, S
author: Harrison, RW
author: Makino, H
author: Xu, LZ
db: Pubmed
title: Structure/function studies of human beta-cell glucokinase. Enzymatic properties of a sequence polymorphism, mutations associated with diabetes, and other site-directed mutants.
source: J Biol Chem 268:15200-4
year: 1993

UnificationXref3000
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5783
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5783.1

UnificationXref3002
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3156
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3156.1

UnificationXref3001
type: UnificationXref
id: 113597
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113597

UnificationXref3004
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605928
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605928

UnificationXref3003
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9Y7Z9
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3005
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605929
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605929

UnificationXref3006
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605931
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605931

UnificationXref3007
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_196491
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_196491.3

UnificationXref3008
type: UnificationXref
id: 2162265
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=2162265

UnificationXref3009
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_160998
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_160998.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22649417
type: PublicationXref
id: 22649417
author: Siddle, Kenneth
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular basis of signaling specificity of insulin and IGF receptors: neglected corners and recent advances
source: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 3:34
year: 2012

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18273021
type: PublicationXref
id: 18273021
author: Thompson, Paul R
author: Marmorstein, Ronen
author: Zhao, Kehao
author: Wang, Ling
author: Hwang, Yousang
author: Liu, Xin
author: Cole, Philip A
db: Pubmed
title: The structural basis of protein acetylation by the p300/CBP transcriptional coactivator
source: Nature 451:846-50
year: 2008

UnificationXref8851
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600983
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600983

UnificationXref8852
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09926
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8850
type: UnificationXref
id: P52890
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8855
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600989
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600989

UnificationXref8856
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600990
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600990

UnificationXref8853
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600986
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600986

UnificationXref8854
type: UnificationXref
id: P78962
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8859
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607837
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607837

UnificationXref8858
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_253992
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_253992.1

UnificationXref8857
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606588
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606588

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21356517
type: PublicationXref
id: 21356517
author: Roach, PJ
author: Glushka, John
author: Contreras, Christopher J
author: Ishihara, Mayumi
author: Heiss, Christian
author: Tagliabracci, Vincent S
author: Hurley, TD
author: Karthik, Chandra
author: Azadi, Parastoo
author: DePaoli-Roach, Anna A
db: Pubmed
title: Phosphate incorporation during glycogen synthesis and Lafora disease
source: Cell Metab. 13:274-82
year: 2011

UnificationXref8860
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_237259
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_237259.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1939222
type: PublicationXref
id: 1939222
author: Cox, TM
author: Gardner, LC
author: Smith, SJ
db: Pubmed
title: Biosynthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid and the regulation of heme formation by immature erythroid cells in man
source: J Biol Chem 266:22010-8
year: 1991

UnificationXref8861
type: UnificationXref
id: P09988
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12655297
type: PublicationXref
id: 12655297
author: Janicke, RU
author: Schulze-Osthoff, K
author: Fischer, U
db: Pubmed
title: Many cuts to ruin: a comprehensive update of caspase substrates
source: Cell Death Differ 10:76-100
year: 2003

UnificationXref8862
type: UnificationXref
id: MOD:00084
db: MOD

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1939224
type: PublicationXref
id: 1939224
author: Manning, DR
author: Lounsbury, KM
author: Brass, LF
author: Casey, PJ
db: Pubmed
title: Phosphorylation of Gz in human platelets. Selectivity and site of modification
source: J Biol Chem 266:22051-6
year: 1991

UnificationXref8863
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606787
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606787

UnificationXref8864
type: UnificationXref
id: P10651
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8865
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606789
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606789

UnificationXref8866
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606790
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606790

UnificationXref8867
type: UnificationXref
id: MOD:00085
db: MOD

UnificationXref8869
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606794
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606794

RelationshipXref298
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605164
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605164

UnificationXref8868
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606792
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606792

RelationshipXref299
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006655
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref294
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605143
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605143

RelationshipXref295
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036149
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref296
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605235
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605235

RelationshipXref297
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008444
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref290
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003881
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref291
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605189
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605189

RelationshipXref292
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006661
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref293
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605141
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605141

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16311595
type: PublicationXref
id: 16311595
author: Forgetta, Vince
author: Tirone, Jamie C
author: Rosenblatt, DS
author: Watkins, D
author: Fujiwara, T Mary
author: Morel, Chantal F
author: Dunbar, Gail V
author: Dobson, C Melissa
author: Atkinson, Janet L
author: Shoubridge, EA
author: Pawelek, Peter D
author: Gravel, RA
author: Lerner-Ellis, Jordan P
author: Moras, Emily
author: Coulton, James W
author: Leclerc, Daniel
author: Doré, Carole
author: Morgan, Kenneth
author: Antonicka, Hana
author: Lepage, Pierre
author: Hosack, Angela R
author: Rommens, JM
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of the gene responsible for methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria, cblC type
source: Nat. Genet. 38:93-100
year: 2006

UnificationXref8870
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606795
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606795

UnificationXref8877
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3041
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3041.1

UnificationXref8878
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16842
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref8875
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4226
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4226.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18240029
type: PublicationXref
id: 18240029
author: Luttrell, LM
db: Pubmed
title: Reviews in molecular biology and biotechnology: transmembrane signaling by G protein-coupled receptors
source: Mol Biotechnol 39:239-64
year: 2008

UnificationXref8876
type: UnificationXref
id: 159942
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=159942

UnificationXref8873
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4221
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4221.2

UnificationXref8874
type: UnificationXref
id: 113685
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113685

Recycling of eIF2:GDP
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction911
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction910
evidence: Evidence1494
xref: UnificationXref9057
xref: UnificationXref9056
pathway order: PathwayStep1474
pathway order: PathwayStep1473
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8871
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606796
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606796

UnificationXref8872
type: UnificationXref
id: 113671
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113671

RelationshipXref285
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605147
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605147

RelationshipXref286
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605154
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605154

RelationshipXref283
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605132
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605132

RelationshipXref284
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036151
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref289
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605224
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605224

RelationshipXref287
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036150
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8879
type: UnificationXref
id: 29478
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29478

RelationshipXref288
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004605
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref281
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006656
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref282
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605138
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605138

RelationshipXref280
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605182
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605182

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16321791
type: PublicationXref
id: 16321791
author: Joseph, JW
author: MacDonald, PE
author: Rorsman, P
db: Pubmed
title: Glucose-sensing mechanisms in pancreatic beta-cells
source: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 360:2211-25
year: 2005

UnificationXref8880
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4272
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4272.3

UnificationXref8881
type: UnificationXref
id: 159939
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=159939

UnificationXref8886
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606797
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606797

UnificationXref8887
type: UnificationXref
id: O94603
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8888
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606801
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606801

UnificationXref8889
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606802
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606802

UnificationXref8882
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4598
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4598.2

UnificationXref8883
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604767
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604767

UnificationXref8884
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604768
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604768

UnificationXref8885
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604769
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604769

RelationshipXref272
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004608
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref273
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605241
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605241

RelationshipXref274
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004103
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref275
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605200
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605200

RelationshipXref276
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004105
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref277
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605210
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605210

RelationshipXref278
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004142
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref279
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605172
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605172

RelationshipXref270
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605216
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605216

RelationshipXref271
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006644
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8896
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604762
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604762

UnificationXref8895
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604760
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604760

UnificationXref8894
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604759
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604759

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9792106
type: PublicationXref
id: 9792106
author: Hazlett, TL
author: Sanchez, SA
author: Jameson, DM
author: Brunet, JE
db: Pubmed
title: Aggregation states of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase
source: Protein Sci 7:2184-2189
year: 1998

UnificationXref8893
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604756
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604756

UnificationXref8899
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606812
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606812

UnificationXref8898
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604765
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604765

UnificationXref8897
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604764
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604764

UnificationXref8892
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_251143
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_251143.1

UnificationXref8891
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606805
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606805

UnificationXref8890
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606803
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606803

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12573255
type: PublicationXref
id: 12573255
author: Hegele, RA
author: Cao, H
author: Mok, A
db: Pubmed
title: Genomic basis of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIID (MIM 252940) revealed by sequencing of GNS encoding N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase
source: Genomics 81:1-5
year: 2003

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15476407
type: PublicationXref
id: 15476407
author: Tsai, AL
author: Gao, D
author: Yeh, HC
author: Kiran, F
author: Berka, V
db: Pubmed
title: Redox function of tetrahydrobiopterin and effect of L-arginine on oxygen binding in endothelial nitric oxide synthase
source: Biochemistry 43:13137-48
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8246982
type: PublicationXref
id: 8246982
author: Wagner, BJ
author: Brewer, G
author: DeHaven, K
author: Schaefer, AW
author: Long, L
author: Crater, D
author: Ehrenman, K
author: Zhang, W
author: DeMaria, CT
db: Pubmed
title: Purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of an AU-rich element RNA-binding protein, AUF1
source: Mol Cell Biol 13:7652-65
year: 1993

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15215243
type: PublicationXref
id: 15215243
author: Graf, SA
author: Shirihai, OS
author: Corson, ED
author: Haigh, SE
db: Pubmed
title: Targeting, import, and dimerization of a mammalian mitochondrial ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter, ABCB10 (ABC-me)
source: J Biol Chem 279:42954-63
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8428933
type: PublicationXref
id: 8428933
author: Doroshow, JH
author: Esworthy, RS
author: Chu, FF
db: Pubmed
title: Expression, characterization, and tissue distribution of a new cellular selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase, GSHPx-GI
source: J Biol Chem 268:2571-6
year: 1993

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6323448
type: PublicationXref
id: 6323448
author: Cline, A
author: Moulton, AD
author: Nienhuis, AW
author: Chen, MJ
author: Humphries, RK
author: Shimada, T
author: Maizel, J
db: Pubmed
title: The functional human dihydrofolate reductase gene
source: J Biol Chem 259:3933-43
year: 1984

UniProt:P56329
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref202
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

ChEBI:60125 N-epsilon-(1-(1-carboxy)ethyl)lysine
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: N-epsilon-(1-(1-carboxy)ethyl)lysine
xref: UnificationXref11090

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22946059
type: PublicationXref
id: 22946059
author: Kunzelmann, Karl
author: Schreiber, Rainer
author: Tian, Yuemin
db: Pubmed
title: Anoctamins are a family of Ca2+ activated Cl- channels
source: J. Cell. Sci.
year: 2012

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19129477
type: PublicationXref
id: 19129477
author: Akerfelt, Malin
author: Sistonen, Lea
author: Jolly, Caroline
author: Nymalm, Yvonne
author: Vourc'h, Claire
author: Chitikova, Zhanna
author: Salminen, Tiina A
author: Björk, Johanna K
author: Grichine, Alexei
author: Sandqvist, Anton
db: Pubmed
title: Heterotrimerization of heat-shock factors 1 and 2 provides a transcriptional switch in response to distinct stimuli
source: Mol. Biol. Cell 20:1340-7
year: 2009

RelationshipXref221
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601487
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601487

RelationshipXref222
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000250
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref223
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601513
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601513

RelationshipXref224
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008398
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref220
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004506
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17560368
type: PublicationXref
id: 17560368
author: Peters, L
author: Meister, G
db: Pubmed
title: Argonaute proteins: mediators of RNA silencing
source: Mol Cell 26:611-23
year: 2007

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1944596
type: PublicationXref
id: 1944596
author: Russell, DW
author: Andersson, S
author: Berman, DM
author: Jenkins, EP
db: Pubmed
title: Deletion of steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 gene in male pseudohermaphroditism
source: Nature 354:159-61
year: 1991

RelationshipXref229
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000254
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref226
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0050613
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref225
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601615
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601615

RelationshipXref228
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601619
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601619

RelationshipXref227
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601609
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601609

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6311078
type: PublicationXref
id: 6311078
author: Hammarström, Sven
db: Pubmed
title: Leukotrienes
source: Annu Rev Biochem 52:355-77
year: 1983

RelationshipXref212
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004452
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref213
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601527
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601527

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17785525
type: PublicationXref
id: 17785525
author: Boyault, Cyril
author: Garrido, Carmen
author: Gilquin, Benoit
author: Kwon, So Hee
author: Caron, Cécile
author: Fritah, Sabrina
author: Khochbin, Saadi
author: Vourc'h, Claire
author: Yao, Tso-Pang
author: Matthias, Patrick
author: Zhang, Yu
db: Pubmed
title: HDAC6 controls major cell response pathways to cytotoxic accumulation of protein aggregates
source: Genes Dev. 21:2172-81
year: 2007

RelationshipXref210
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004163
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref211
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601542
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601542

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8892014
type: PublicationXref
id: 8892014
author: Treacy, E
author: Thompson, GN
author: Pitt, JJ
author: Cotton, RG
author: Seller, K
author: Ramus, S
db: Pubmed
title: In vivo disposal of phenylalanine in phenylketonuria: a study of two siblings
source: J Inherit Metab Dis 19:595-602
year: 1996

RelationshipXref219
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601534
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601534

RelationshipXref218
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004310
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref217
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601495
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601495

RelationshipXref216
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004337
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref215
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601497
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601497

RelationshipXref214
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004161
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref200
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0001561
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref201
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004450
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref202
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603038
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603038

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11572773
type: PublicationXref
id: 11572773
author: Blackburn, EH
db: Pubmed
title: Switching and signaling at the telomere
source: Cell 106:661-73
year: 2001

RelationshipXref204
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006740
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref203
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603034
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603034

RelationshipXref206
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004420
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14609716
type: PublicationXref
id: 14609716
author: Karlsson, A
author: Johansson, M
author: Van Rompay, AR
db: Pubmed
title: Substrate specificity and phosphorylation of antiviral and anticancer nucleoside analogues by human deoxyribonucleoside kinases and ribonucleoside kinases
source: Pharmacol Ther 100:119-139
year: 2003

RelationshipXref205
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601500
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601500

RelationshipXref208
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004496
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref207
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601507
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601507

RelationshipXref209
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601520
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601520

UnificationXref8809
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_211496
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_211496.2

UnificationXref8808
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600489
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600489

UnificationXref8807
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_202059
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_202059.2

UnificationXref8806
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600486
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600486

UnificationXref8805
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225409
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225409.2

UnificationXref8804
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607282
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607282

UnificationXref8803
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_233300
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_233300.1

UnificationXref8802
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607414
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607414

UnificationXref8800
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607281
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607281

UnificationXref8801
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_207543
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_207543.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20110263
type: PublicationXref
id: 20110263
author: Kersten, S
author: de Groot, PJ
author: de Vries, SC
author: Muller, M
author: Degenhardt, T
author: Carlberg, C
author: Vaisanen, S
author: Heinaniemi, M
author: van der Meer, DL
db: Pubmed
title: Profiling of promoter occupancy by PPAR{alpha} in human hepatoma cells via ChIP-chip analysis
source: Nucleic Acids Res
year: 2010

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15276183
type: PublicationXref
id: 15276183
author: Gangloff, M
author: Gay, NJ
db: Pubmed
title: MD-2: the Toll 'gatekeeper' in endotoxin signalling
source: Trends Biochem Sci 29:294-300
year: 2004

UniProt:Q12701
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref433
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref260
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004307
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8813
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_33507
db: Reactome
id version: 5
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_33507.5

RelationshipXref266
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047144
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8814
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607283
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607283

RelationshipXref265
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605152
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605152

UnificationXref8815
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_105661
db: Reactome
id version: 4
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_105661.4

RelationshipXref268
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036152
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8816
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607235
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607235

RelationshipXref267
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605150
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605150

UnificationXref8817
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215588
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215588.2

RelationshipXref262
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004609
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8818
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607236
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607236

RelationshipXref261
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605177
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605177

UnificationXref8819
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227285
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227285.2

RelationshipXref264
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006646
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref263
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605276
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605276

UnificationXref8810
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607417
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607417

RelationshipXref269
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008889
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8812
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607418
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607418

UnificationXref8811
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_94842
db: Reactome
id version: 4
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_94842.4

UnificationXref8826
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3227
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3227.1

RelationshipXref257
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004306
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8827
type: UnificationXref
id: O13794
db: UniProt

RelationshipXref256
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605278
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605278

UnificationXref8824
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598332
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598332

RelationshipXref255
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004305
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8825
type: UnificationXref
id: 71994
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=71994

RelationshipXref254
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036155
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref253
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605136
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605136

RelationshipXref252
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006654
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8828
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598340
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598340

RelationshipXref251
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605232
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605232

UnificationXref8829
type: UnificationXref
id: O74740
db: UniProt

RelationshipXref250
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004630
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8823
type: UnificationXref
id: O74733
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8822
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599963
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599963

UnificationXref8821
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5389
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5389.1

RelationshipXref258
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605249
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605249

UnificationXref8820
type: UnificationXref
id: 112158
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=112158

RelationshipXref259
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605256
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605256

UnificationXref8839
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607289
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607289

RelationshipXref240
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008395
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref242
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006699
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref241
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601556
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601556

UnificationXref8835
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607287
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607287

RelationshipXref244
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047035
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8836
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_214360
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_214360.2

RelationshipXref243
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008206
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8837
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607288
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607288

RelationshipXref246
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003865
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8838
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_221581
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_221581.2

RelationshipXref245
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601565
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601565

UnificationXref8832
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599964
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599964

RelationshipXref247
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604053
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604053

UnificationXref8831
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598341
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598341

RelationshipXref248
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006702
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8834
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_211424
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_211424.2

RelationshipXref249
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008202
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8833
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599965
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599965

UnificationXref8830
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598336
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598336

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8163052
type: PublicationXref
id: 8163052
author: Gomis, R
author: Malaisse, WJ
author: Sener, A
author: Fernandez-Alvarez, J
author: Conget, I
author: Rasschaert, J
db: Pubmed
title: Enzymatic, metabolic and secretory patterns in human islets of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients
source: Diabetologia 37:177-81
year: 1994

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15080793
type: PublicationXref
id: 15080793
author: Wenk, MR
author: De Camilli, Pietro
author: Uhlén, P
author: Lee, E
author: Ehrlich, BE
author: Degray, B
author: Johenning, FW
db: Pubmed
title: InsP3-mediated intracellular calcium signalling is altered by expression of synaptojanin-1
source: Biochem J 382:687-94
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9461497
type: PublicationXref
id: 9461497
author: Zhang, H
author: Tai, HH
author: Ensor, CM
db: Pubmed
title: Purification, cDNA cloning and expression of 15-oxoprostaglandin 13-reductase from pig lung
source: Biochem J 330:103-8
year: 1998

RelationshipXref231
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000252
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref230
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601596
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601596

UnificationXref8848
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_151476
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_151476.1

RelationshipXref235
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000248
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8849
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606586
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606586

RelationshipXref234
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601593
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601593

UnificationXref8846
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606584
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606584

RelationshipXref233
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000253
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8847
type: UnificationXref
id: 2485002
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=2485002

RelationshipXref232
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601602
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601602

UnificationXref8845
type: UnificationXref
id: P04913
db: UniProt

RelationshipXref238
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601791
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601791

UnificationXref8844
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3947
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3947.2

RelationshipXref239
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006695
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8843
type: UnificationXref
id: 113560
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113560

RelationshipXref236
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601785
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601785

UnificationXref8842
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_211857
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_211857.2

RelationshipXref237
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047598
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8841
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607290
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607290

UnificationXref8840
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_214466
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_214466.2

UniProt:Q12706
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref5669
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3985
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 706

SequenceSite3984
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3987
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3986
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 219

SequenceSite3981
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3980
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 933

SequenceSite3983
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 219

SequenceSite3982
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 271

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12482742
type: PublicationXref
id: 12482742
author: Busse, R
author: Fleming, I
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase
source: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 284:R1-12
year: 2003

SequenceSite3977
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3978
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 545

SequenceSite3979
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6434529
type: PublicationXref
id: 6434529
author: Chuang, DT
author: Cox, RP
author: Markovitz, PJ
db: Pubmed
title: Familial hyperlysinemias. Purification and characterization of the bifunctional aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase with lysine-ketoglutarate reductase and saccharopine dehydrogenase activities.
source: J Biol Chem 259:11643-6
year: 1984

SequenceSite3976
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 423

SequenceSite3975
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 144

SequenceSite3974
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 545

SequenceSite3973
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3972
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 423

SequenceSite3971
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 144

SequenceSite3970
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 505

Signaling by Rho GTPases
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 249602.1
evidence: Evidence1253
xref: UnificationXref7937
xref: UnificationXref7938
xref: RelationshipXref1082
pathway order: PathwayStep1238
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8946167
type: PublicationXref
id: 8946167
author: Blanch, L
author: Anson, D S
author: Hopwood, J J
author: Scott, H S
author: Guo, X H
author: Karageorgos, L E
author: Weber, B
db: Pubmed
title: Structure and sequence of the human sulphamidase gene
source: DNA Res. 3:269-71
year: 1996

SequenceSite3968
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 502

SequenceSite3969
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3966
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 316

SequenceSite3967
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3961
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3960
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 127

SequenceSite3963
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3962
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 67

SequenceSite3965
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3964
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 534

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11447121
type: PublicationXref
id: 11447121
author: Morimoto, R I
author: Eriksson, J E
author: MacKintosh, C
author: Mikhailov, A
author: Hietakangas, V
author: Kallio, M
author: Sistonen, L
author: Morrice, N
author: Rantanen, J O
author: Hellman, J
author: Meinander, A
author: Holmberg, C I
db: Pubmed
title: Phosphorylation of serine 230 promotes inducible transcriptional activity of heat shock factor 1
source: EMBO J. 20:3800-10
year: 2001

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15720390
type: PublicationXref
id: 15720390
author: Fabre, AL
author: Orlean, P
author: Taron, CH
db: Pubmed
title: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ybr004c and its human homologue are required for addition of the second mannose during glycosylphosphatidylinositol precursor assembly
source: FEBS J 272:1160-8
year: 2005

SequenceSite3955
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3956
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 58

SequenceSite3957
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3958
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 210

SequenceSite3959
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3950
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1390

SequenceSite3954
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 150

SequenceSite3953
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3952
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1133

SequenceSite3951
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8755247
type: PublicationXref
id: 8755247
author: Migliaccio, E
author: Bonfini, L
author: Pelicci, PG
author: Pelicci, G
author: Lanfrancone, L
db: Pubmed
title: Not all Shc's roads lead to Ras
source: Trends Biochem Sci 21:257-61
year: 1996

SequenceSite3946
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 346

SequenceSite3947
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3944
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 108

SequenceSite3945
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3948
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 133

SequenceSite3949
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9469823
type: PublicationXref
id: 9469823
author: Watanabe, H
author: Gu, L
author: Hong, Y
author: Li, G M
author: McCulloch, S
db: Pubmed
title: ATP-dependent interaction of human mismatch repair proteins and dual role of PCNA in mismatch repair
source: Nucleic Acids Res. 26:1173-8
year: 1998

Signalling to p38 via RIT and RIN
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 205360.2
evidence: Evidence1214
xref: UnificationXref7713
xref: UnificationXref7714
xref: RelationshipXref1082
pathway order: PathwayStep760
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11742412
type: PublicationXref
id: 11742412
author: Saltiel, AR
author: Kahn, CR
db: Pubmed
title: Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism
source: Nature 414:799-806
year: 2001

8-oxoguanine [ChEBI:29116]
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: 8-oxoguanine
xref: UnificationXref8048

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22615488
type: PublicationXref
id: 22615488
author: Hahn, Yoonsoo
author: Baek, Hee Jo
author: Son, Hye-Ju
author: Kook, Hyun
author: Kee, Hae Jin
author: Pak, Jhang Ho
author: Chakravarti, Debabrata
author: Eom, Gwang Hyeon
author: Kook, Hoon
author: Seo, Sang-Beom
author: Kim, Ji-Young
author: Choe, Nakwon
author: Kim, Kee-Beom
author: Oh, Si-Taek
author: Kim, Dong-Wook
db: Pubmed
title: KDM3B is the H3K9 demethylase involved in transcriptional activation of lmo2 in leukemia
source: Mol. Cell. Biol. 32:2917-33
year: 2012

Purine metabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 223903.2
pathway component: REACT 206933.2
pathway component: REACT 207552.2
evidence: Evidence479
xref: UnificationXref3653
xref: RelationshipXref513
xref: UnificationXref3654
pathway order: PathwayStep474
pathway order: PathwayStep460
pathway order: PathwayStep468
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12669019
type: PublicationXref
id: 12669019
author: Desjardins, M
db: Pubmed
title: ER-mediated phagocytosis: a new membrane for new functions
source: Nat Rev Immunol 3:280-91
year: 2003

ChEBI:29265 Asn-tRNA(Asn)
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: Asn-tRNA(Asn)
xref: UnificationXref9100

UniProt:P28040
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6760
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3988
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 706

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6434534
type: PublicationXref
id: 6434534
author: Gracy, RW
author: Yuan, PM
author: Lu, HS
db: Pubmed
title: Primary structure of human triosephosphate isomerase
source: J Biol Chem 259:11958-68
year: 1984

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15274629
type: PublicationXref
id: 15274629
author: Takeuchi, N
author: Heck, A
author: Spencer, AC
author: Watanabe, K
author: Spremulli, LL
db: Pubmed
title: Characterization of the human mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA synthetase
source: Biochemistry 43:9743-54
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7354069
type: PublicationXref
id: 7354069
author: Anderson, PM
author: Desnick, RJ
db: Pubmed
title: Purification and properties of uroporphyrinogen I synthase from human erythrocytes. Identification of stable enzyme-substrate intermediates.
source: J Biol Chem 255:1993-9
year: 1980

Developmental Biology
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 234754.1
pathway component: REACT 204281.2
pathway component: REACT 263157.1
pathway component: REACT 210421.2
evidence: Evidence1785
xref: UnificationXref10891
xref: UnificationXref10890
pathway order: PathwayStep1758
pathway order: PathwayStep1755
pathway order: PathwayStep1752
pathway order: PathwayStep1760
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17331073
type: PublicationXref
id: 17331073
author: Wei, Y
author: Hornemann, T
author: von Eckardstein, A
db: Pubmed
title: Is the mammalian serine palmitoyltransferase a high-molecular-mass complex?
source: Biochem J 405:157-64
year: 2007

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14739303
type: PublicationXref
id: 14739303
author: Su, Xiaoqin
author: Shu, Hong-Bing
author: Han, Ke-Jun
author: Zhang, Jun
author: Bin, Liang-Hua
author: Xu, Liang-Guo
db: Pubmed
title: Mechanisms of the TRIF-induced interferon-stimulated response element and NF-kappaB activation and apoptosis pathways
source: J. Biol. Chem. 279:15652-61
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7354072
type: PublicationXref
id: 7354072
author: Bodlaender, P
author: Shemin, D
author: Bevan, DR
db: Pubmed
title: Mechanism of porphobilinogen synthase. Requirement of Zn2+ for enzyme activity.
source: J Biol Chem 255:2030-5
year: 1980

Inositol phosphate metabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 188291.3
pathway component: REACT 188286.3
pathway component: REACT 258626.1
pathway component: REACT 188284.3
evidence: Evidence165
xref: RelationshipXref126
xref: UnificationXref1584
xref: UnificationXref1585
pathway order: PathwayStep161
pathway order: PathwayStep140
pathway order: PathwayStep150
pathway order: PathwayStep158
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR)
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR)
evidence: Evidence1802
xref: UnificationXref10959
xref: UnificationXref10958
pathway order: PathwayStep1775
display name: B Cell Activation
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12515382
type: PublicationXref
id: 12515382
author: Arndt-Jovin, DJ
author: Ingelfinger, D
author: Achsel, T
author: Lührmann, R
db: Pubmed
title: The human LSm1-7 proteins colocalize with the mRNA-degrading enzymes Dcp1/2 and Xrnl in distinct cytoplasmic foci
source: RNA 8:1489-501
year: 2002

MPS IIIA - Sanfilippo syndrome A
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 221526.2
evidence: Evidence806
xref: UnificationXref5784
xref: UnificationXref5783
pathway order: PathwayStep134
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Resolution of D-loop structures through Holliday junction intermediates
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction822
evidence: Evidence1349
xref: UnificationXref8275
xref: UnificationXref8276
pathway order: PathwayStep1333
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:P56286
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref206
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:P56287
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9048
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:P56288
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9046
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:P56289
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9291
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9548747
type: PublicationXref
id: 9548747
author: Hammond, PW
author: Cech, TR
db: Pubmed
title: Euplotes telomerase: evidence for limited base-pairing during primer elongation and dGTP as an effector of translocation
source: Biochemistry 37:5162-72
year: 1998

Transport of glycerol from adipocytes to the liver by Aquaporins
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction637
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction636
evidence: Evidence950
xref: UnificationXref6531
xref: UnificationXref6532
xref: RelationshipXref972
pathway order: PathwayStep942
pathway order: PathwayStep941
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9045610
type: PublicationXref
id: 9045610
author: Weaver, PL
author: Chuang, RY
author: Chang, TH
author: Liu, Z
db: Pubmed
title: Requirement of the DEAD-Box protein ded1p for messenger RNA translation.
source: Science 275:1468-71
year: 1997

UnificationXref3301
type: UnificationXref
id: 29824
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29824

UnificationXref3300
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:17460
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref8793
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600488
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600488

UnificationXref3304
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598054
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598054

UnificationXref8792
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600493
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600493

UnificationXref3305
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598055
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598055

UnificationXref8791
type: UnificationXref
id: P87058
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3302
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3209
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3209.3

UnificationXref8790
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600495
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600495

UnificationXref3303
type: UnificationXref
id: O94681
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3308
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_234119
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_234119.1

UnificationXref3309
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:15741
db: ChEBI

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3129195
type: PublicationXref
id: 3129195
author: Baeuerle, PA
author: Baltimore, D
db: Pubmed
title: Activation of DNA-binding activity in an apparently cytoplasmic precursor of the NF-kappa B transcription factor
source: Cell 53:211-7
year: 1988

UnificationXref3306
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598062
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598062

UnificationXref3307
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598153
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598153

UnificationXref8799
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_205776
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_205776.2

UnificationXref8798
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599852
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599852

UnificationXref8797
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599851
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599851

UnificationXref8796
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_77503
db: Reactome
id version: 4
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_77503.4

UnificationXref8795
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607284
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607284

UnificationXref8794
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206326
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206326.2

UnificationXref3310
type: UnificationXref
id: 113536
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113536

UnificationXref3312
type: UnificationXref
id: O13750
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3311
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2775
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2775.2

UnificationXref3313
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598036
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598036

UnificationXref3314
type: UnificationXref
id: O94415
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3315
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598040
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598040

UnificationXref3316
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598041
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598041

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772396
type: PublicationXref
id: 18772396
author: Zhang, X
author: Shinjo, SM
author: Rasheed, BA
author: Lin, JC
author: Carter, H
author: Jones, S
author: Keir, S
author: Parmigiani, G
author: Yan, H
author: McLendon, R
author: Olivi, A
author: Nikolsky, Y
author: Diaz Jr, LA
author: Tekleab, H
author: Vogelstein, B
author: Kinzler, KW
author: Velculescu, VE
author: Papadopoulos, N
author: Mankoo, P
author: Marie, SK
author: Parsons, DW
author: Busam, DA
author: Riggins, GJ
author: Bigner, DD
author: Karchin, R
author: Hartigan, J
author: Angenendt, P
author: Leary, RJ
author: Smith, DR
author: Strausberg, RL
author: Gallia, GL
author: Siu, IM
author: Nikolskaya, T
db: Pubmed
title: An integrated genomic analysis of human glioblastoma multiforme
source: Science 321:1807-12
year: 2008

UnificationXref3317
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598043
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598043

UnificationXref3318
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206182
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206182.2

UnificationXref3319
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:18012
db: ChEBI

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17035995
type: PublicationXref
id: 17035995
author: De Camilli, Pietro
author: Di Paolo, G
db: Pubmed
title: Phosphoinositides in cell regulation and membrane dynamics
source: Nature 443:651-7
year: 2006

UnificationXref8771
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_257824
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_257824.1

UnificationXref8770
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600424
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600424

UnificationXref8775
type: UnificationXref
id: 112475
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=112475

UnificationXref8774
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2277
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2277.2

UnificationXref8773
type: UnificationXref
id: 30181
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=30181

UnificationXref8772
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16862
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref8779
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600425
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600425

UnificationXref8778
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_218406
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_218406.2

UnificationXref8777
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600485
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600485

UnificationXref8776
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2667
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2667.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2040271
type: PublicationXref
id: 2040271
author: Sadahiro, S
author: Matsuda, T
author: Takenaka, M
author: Tanaka, T
author: Noguchi, T
author: Hirai, H
author: Imai, E
author: Yamada, K
db: Pubmed
title: Isolation and characterization of the human pyruvate kinase M gene
source: Eur J Biochem 198:101-6
year: 1991

5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate polyglutamate
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate polyglutamate macromolecule
name: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate polyglutamate macromolecule [ChEBI:60473]
xref: UnificationXref4294

UnificationXref8780
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_245785
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_245785.1

UnificationXref8782
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_263809
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_263809.1

UnificationXref8781
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600426
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600426

UnificationXref8784
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4018
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4018.1

UnificationXref8783
type: UnificationXref
id: 113448
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113448

UnificationXref8786
type: UnificationXref
id: 112478
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=112478

UnificationXref8785
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600487
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600487

UnificationXref8788
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600494
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600494

UnificationXref8787
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3678
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3678.1

UnificationXref8789
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225210
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225210.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3356695
type: PublicationXref
id: 3356695
author: Panniers, R
author: Rowlands, AG
author: Henshaw, EC
db: Pubmed
title: The catalytic mechanism of guanine nucleotide exchange factor action and competitive inhibition by phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2.
source: J Biol Chem 263:5526-33
year: 1988

UnificationXref8759
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4215
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4215.1

UnificationXref8758
type: UnificationXref
id: 76050
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=76050

UnificationXref8756
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600514
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600514

UnificationXref8757
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_207227
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_207227.2

UnificationXref8754
type: UnificationXref
id: 113704
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113704

UnificationXref8755
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4233
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4233.1

UnificationXref8752
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3117
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3117.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17402747
type: PublicationXref
id: 17402747
author: Magni, G
author: Franchetti, P
author: Cimadamore, F
author: Cappellacci, L
author: Orsomando, G
author: Scotti, S
author: Sorci, L
author: Petrelli, R
db: Pubmed
title: Initial-rate kinetics of human NMN-adenylyltransferases: substrate and metal ion specificity, inhibition by products and multisubstrate analogues, and isozyme contributions to NAD+ biosynthesis
source: Biochemistry 46:4912-22
year: 2007

UnificationXref8753
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600484
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600484

UnificationXref8750
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3498
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3498.1

UnificationXref8751
type: UnificationXref
id: 113443
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113443

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2069720
type: PublicationXref
id: 2069720
author: Myöhänen, S
author: Kauppinen, L
author: Jänne, J
author: Wahlfors, J
author: Alhonen, L
db: Pubmed
title: Human spermidine synthase gene: structure and chromosomal localization
source: DNA Cell Biol 10:467-74
year: 1991

COPII (Coat Protein 2) Mediated Vesicle Transport
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction580
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction581
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction582
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction583
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction579
evidence: Evidence866
xref: UnificationXref6032
xref: UnificationXref6031
xref: RelationshipXref894
pathway order: PathwayStep856
pathway order: PathwayStep855
pathway order: PathwayStep858
pathway order: PathwayStep857
pathway order: PathwayStep859
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8769
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600423
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600423

UnificationXref8765
type: UnificationXref
id: 83747
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=83747

UnificationXref8766
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2515
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2515.1

UnificationXref8767
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600421
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600421

UnificationXref8768
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600422
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600422

UnificationXref8761
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599872
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599872

UnificationXref8762
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599904
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599904

UnificationXref8763
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599906
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599906

UnificationXref8764
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_229966
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_229966.1

UnificationXref8760
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599871
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599871

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17590538
type: PublicationXref
id: 17590538
author: Ball, E
author: Takeuchi, M
author: Harigai, M
author: Kamatani, N
author: Furuichi, K
author: Abe, J
author: Momohara, S
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning and characterization of DPPL1 and DPPL2, representatives of a novel type of mammalian phosphatidate phosphatase
source: Gene 399:174-80
year: 2007

UnificationXref8739
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4709
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4709.1

UnificationXref8738
type: UnificationXref
id: 111980
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111980

UnificationXref8737
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599905
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599905

UnificationXref8736
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4674
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4674.1

UnificationXref8730
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599897
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599897

UnificationXref8731
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9C106
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8734
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599903
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599903

UnificationXref8735
type: UnificationXref
id: 112051
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=112051

UnificationXref8732
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599893
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599893

UnificationXref8733
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599898
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599898

UnificationXref8748
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_234639
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_234639.1

UnificationXref8747
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600420
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600420

UnificationXref8749
type: UnificationXref
id: 111987
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111987

UnificationXref8740
type: UnificationXref
id: 111984
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111984

UnificationXref8741
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2689
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2689.1

UnificationXref8742
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600418
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600418

UnificationXref8743
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_240534
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_240534.1

UnificationXref8744
type: UnificationXref
id: 112134
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=112134

UnificationXref8745
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5104
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5104.1

UnificationXref8746
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600419
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600419

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1607379
type: PublicationXref
id: 1607379
author: Welch, W J
author: Voellmy, R
author: Baler, R
db: Pubmed
title: Heat shock gene regulation by nascent polypeptides and denatured proteins: hsp70 as a potential autoregulatory factor
source: J. Cell Biol. 117:1151-9
year: 1992

UnificationXref8711
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599869
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599869

UnificationXref8710
type: UnificationXref
id: O14229
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8713
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P6R0
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8712
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599870
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599870

UnificationXref8718
type: UnificationXref
id: O13896
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8719
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599902
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599902

UnificationXref8714
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599856
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599856

UnificationXref8715
type: UnificationXref
id: O94481
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8716
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599860
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599860

UnificationXref8717
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599861
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599861

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22798961
type: PublicationXref
id: 22798961
author: Wang, Xiaohong
author: Li, Ju-Pi
author: Chuang, Huai-Chia
author: Tan, Tse-Hua
db: Pubmed
title: Regulation of PKC-? function by phosphorylation in T cell receptor signaling
source: Front Immunol 3:197
year: 2012

UnificationXref8724
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9C0Z9
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19416660
type: PublicationXref
id: 19416660
author: Ren, M
author: Xu, Y
author: Malhotra, A
author: Schlame, M
db: Pubmed
title: Formation of molecular species of mitochondrial cardiolipin. 1. A novel transacylation mechanism to shuttle fatty acids between sn-1 and sn-2 positions of multiple phospholipid species
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 1791:314-20
year: 2009

UnificationXref8723
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599876
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599876

UnificationXref8722
type: UnificationXref
id: O94666
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8721
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599880
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599880

UnificationXref8720
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10233
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8729
type: UnificationXref
id: O94553
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8727
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599884
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599884

UnificationXref8728
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599889
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599889

UnificationXref8725
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599888
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599888

UnificationXref8726
type: UnificationXref
id: O94285
db: UniProt

Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins.
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 253251.1
evidence: Evidence448
xref: UnificationXref3406
xref: RelationshipXref471
xref: UnificationXref3407
pathway order: PathwayStep443
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19487573
type: PublicationXref
id: 19487573
author: Agami, Reuven
author: Rouhanifard, Sara H
author: Holland, Eric C
author: Tuschl, Thomas
author: Huse, Jason T
author: Hambardzumyan, Dolores
author: Brennan, Cameron
author: Sohn-Lee, Cherin
author: le Sage, Carlos
author: Wee, Boyoung
author: Pena, John
db: Pubmed
title: The PTEN-regulating microRNA miR-26a is amplified in high-grade glioma and facilitates gliomagenesis in vivo
source: Genes Dev. 23:1327-37
year: 2009

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14660560
type: PublicationXref
id: 14660560
author: Yu, Y
author: Arnold, E
author: Shen, N
author: Ding, Jianping
author: Xu, X
author: Jin, Y
author: Xu, F
author: Jia, J
author: Liu, Y
db: Pubmed
title: Crystal structure of human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase catalytic fragment: insights into substrate recognition, tRNA binding, and angiogenesis activity
source: J Biol Chem 279:8378-88
year: 2004

Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL)-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: 2-acylglycerol + H2O -> glycerol + fatty acid
evidence: Evidence167
xref: UnificationXref1597
xref: UnificationXref1596
xref: RelationshipXref156
pathway order: PathwayStep163
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15381398
type: PublicationXref
id: 15381398
author: Jaffe, EK
db: Pubmed
title: The porphobilinogen synthase catalyzed reaction mechanism
source: Bioorg Chem 32:316-25
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14660569
type: PublicationXref
id: 14660569
author: Chaussade, C
author: Mandel, JL
author: Liaubet, L
author: Payrastre, B
author: Pendaries, C
author: Tronchère, H
author: Laporte, J
author: Pirola, L
db: Pubmed
title: Production of phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate by the phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase myotubularin in mammalian cells
source: J Biol Chem 279:7304-12
year: 2004

S6K1 signalling
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction756
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction755
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction754
evidence: Evidence1186
xref: UnificationXref7638
xref: UnificationXref7637
pathway order: PathwayStep1170
pathway order: PathwayStep1171
pathway order: PathwayStep1169
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8702
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607233
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607233

UnificationXref8701
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_216001
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_216001.2

UnificationXref8700
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607232
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607232

UnificationXref8705
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206793
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206793.2

UnificationXref8706
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9UTL5
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8703
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225621
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225621.2

UnificationXref8704
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607234
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607234

UnificationXref8709
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599865
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599865

UnificationXref8707
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599850
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599850

UnificationXref8708
type: UnificationXref
id: O74458
db: UniProt

wee1
type: ProteinReference
name: UniProt:P07527 wee1
name: SPCC18B5.03
xref: UnificationXref10841
comment: CATALYTIC ACTIVITY ATP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine = ADP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine phosphate.ENZYME REGULATION Negatively regulated by phosphorylation in the M-phase.PTM Phosphorylated in the C-terminal by NIM1/CDR1.SIMILARITY Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WEE1 subfamily.SIMILARITY Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9188692
type: PublicationXref
id: 9188692
author: Gill, GN
author: Kurten, RC
author: Cadena, DL
db: Pubmed
title: The product of the MLD gene is a member of the membrane fatty acid desaturase family: overexpression of MLD inhibits EGF receptor biosynthesis
source: Biochemistry 36:6960-7
year: 1997

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7923172
type: PublicationXref
id: 7923172
author: Momparler, RL
author: Laliberte, J
db: Pubmed
title: Human cytidine deaminase: purification of enzyme, cloning, and expression of its complementary DNA
source: Cancer Res 54:5401-7
year: 1994

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20435355
type: PublicationXref
id: 20435355
author: Palczewski, Krzysztof
db: Pubmed
title: Retinoids for treatment of retinal diseases
source: Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 31:284-95
year: 2010

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8330735
type: PublicationXref
id: 8330735
author: Hernandez, N
db: Pubmed
title: TBP, a universal eukaryotic transcription factor?
source: Genes Dev 7:1291-308
year: 1993

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20462400
type: PublicationXref
id: 20462400
author: Henley, Jeremy M
author: Wilkinson, Kevin A
db: Pubmed
title: Mechanisms, regulation and consequences of protein SUMOylation
source: Biochem. J. 428:133-45
year: 2010

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8330740
type: PublicationXref
id: 8330740
author: Greider, CW
author: Collins, K
db: Pubmed
title: Tetrahymena telomerase catalyzes nucleolytic cleavage and nonprocessive elongation
source: Genes Dev 7:1364-76
year: 1993

2,2'-dilyso diphosphatidyl glycerol
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: 2,2'-dilyso-1,3-diphosphatidylglycerol
name: 2,2'-dilyso diphosphatidylglycerol
name: 2,2'-dilyso DPG
name: 2,2'-dilysocardiolipin
name: 2,2'-dilyso cardiolipin
name: dilyso cardiolipin
name: 2,2'-dilyso cardiolipin [ChEBI:60431]
xref: UnificationXref2413

UniProt:P24339
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref626
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10648173
type: PublicationXref
id: 10648173
author: Menear, K
author: Baldock, D
author: Graff, P
author: Jones, CE
author: Akhlaq, M
author: Graham, B
db: Pubmed
title: Purification and characterization of human Syk produced using a baculovirus expression system
source: Protein Expr Purif 18:86-94
year: 2000

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19261456
type: PublicationXref
id: 19261456
author: Procko, E
author: Gaudet, R
db: Pubmed
title: Antigen processing and presentation: TAPping into ABC transporters
source: Curr Opin Immunol 21:84-91
year: 2009

MLCL
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: lysoDPG
name: Monolysocardiolipin
name: monolyso cardiolipin [ChEBI:60430]
name: monolysoDPG
name: monolyso cardiolipin
xref: UnificationXref2405

SequenceSite1180
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 466

SequenceSite1181
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 28

SequenceSite1184
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 385

SequenceSite1185
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 40

SequenceSite1182
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 780

SequenceSite1183
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 35

Pteroylglutamic acid
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: Folate
name: Folic acid [ChEBI:5140]
name: Folic acid
xref: UnificationXref4242

SequenceSite1188
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 366

SequenceSite1189
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 40

SequenceSite1186
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 393

SequenceSite1187
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 28

di-mu-sulfido-diiron(2+) [ChEBI:33737]
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: [Fe2S2](2+)
name: [2Fe-2S](2+)
name: di-mu-sulfido-diiron(2+)
name: [Fe2(mu-S)2](2+)
xref: UnificationXref5385

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9949182
type: PublicationXref
id: 9949182
author: Pébusque, MJ
author: Grégoire, MJ
author: Zhang, B
author: Jonveaux, P
author: Popovici, C
author: Lafage-Pochitaloff, M
author: Birnbaum, D
db: Pubmed
title: The t(6;8)(q27;p11) translocation in a stem cell myeloproliferative disorder fuses a novel gene, FOP, to fibroblast growth factor receptor 1
source: Blood 93:1381-9
year: 1999

SequenceSite1170
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 359

SequenceSite1171
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 29

SequenceSite1172
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 436

[Fe2S2](+)
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: di-mu-sulfido-diiron(1+)
name: [2Fe-2S](1+)
name: di-mu-sulfido-diiron(1+) [ChEBI:33738]
name: [Fe2(mu-S)2](+)
xref: UnificationXref5395

SequenceSite1173
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1174
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 407

SequenceSite1175
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1176
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 406

SequenceSite1177
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1178
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 411

SequenceSite1179
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 28

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18215067
type: PublicationXref
id: 18215067
author: Holmes, RP
author: Murray, MS
author: Lowther, WT
db: Pubmed
title: Active site and loop 4 movements within human glycolate oxidase: implications for substrate specificity and drug design
source: Biochemistry 47:2439-49
year: 2008

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4358634
type: PublicationXref
id: 4358634
author: Roth, DG
author: Deuel, TF
author: Shelton, E
db: Pubmed
title: Purification and properties of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase from rat liver
source: J Biol Chem 249:291-296
year: 1974

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9874197
type: PublicationXref
id: 9874197
author: Brees, C
author: Van Veldhoven, PP
author: Fransen, M
author: Baes, M
author: Wylin, T
author: Mannaerts, GP
db: Pubmed
title: Identification and characterization of human PMP34, a protein closely related to the peroxisomal integral membrane protein PMP47 of Candida boidinii
source: Eur J Biochem 258:332-8
year: 1998

endosome membrane
type: CellularLocationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref616

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1439791
type: PublicationXref
id: 1439791
author: Cerione, RA
author: Witte, ON
author: Leonard, D
author: Maru, Y
author: Evans, T
author: Hart, MJ
db: Pubmed
title: A GDP dissociation inhibitor that serves as a GTPase inhibitor for the Ras-like protein CDC42Hs
source: Science 258:812-5
year: 1992

Regulation of APC/C activators between G1/S and early anaphase
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction722
pathway component: REACT 208775.2
pathway component: REACT 252312.1
evidence: Evidence1111
xref: RelationshipXref1045
xref: UnificationXref7367
xref: UnificationXref7366
pathway order: PathwayStep1101
pathway order: PathwayStep1100
pathway order: PathwayStep981
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1193
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 110

SequenceSite1194
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 68

SequenceSite1195
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 453

SequenceSite1196
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 41

SequenceSite1190
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 452

SequenceSite1191
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 41

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13679574
type: PublicationXref
id: 13679574
author: Bouvier, M
author: Rousseau, G
author: Angers, S
author: Charest, PG
author: Kohout, T
author: Azzi, M
author: Piñeyro, G
db: Pubmed
title: Beta-arrestin-mediated activation of MAPK by inverse agonists reveals distinct active conformations for G protein-coupled receptors
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:11406-11
year: 2003

SequenceSite1192
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1023

UniProt:P22189
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref407
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1197
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 346

SequenceSite1198
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 53

SequenceSite1199
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 463

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21903638
type: PublicationXref
id: 21903638
author: De, Antara
db: Pubmed
title: Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway: a brief overview
source: Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. (Shanghai) 43:745-56
year: 2011

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8131753
type: PublicationXref
id: 8131753
author: Lieber, MR
author: Harrington, JJ
db: Pubmed
title: The characterization of a mammalian DNA structure-specific endonuclease.
source: EMBO J 13:1235-46
year: 1994

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14988808
type: PublicationXref
id: 14988808
author: Jakobs, C
author: Huck, JH
author: Verhoeven, NM
author: van der Knaap, MS
author: Struys, EA
author: Salomons, GS
db: Pubmed
title: Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency: new inborn error in the pentose phosphate pathway associated with a slowly progressive leukoencephalopathy
source: Am J Hum Genet 74:745-51
year: 2004

SequenceSite1139
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1145
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1144
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1203

SequenceSite1143
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1142
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1177

SequenceSite1149
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1148
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1203

SequenceSite1147
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1146
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 230

SequenceSite1141
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 732

SequenceSite1140
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9883897
type: PublicationXref
id: 9883897
author: Csere, P
author: Lill, R
author: Kispal, G
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of a human mitochondrial ABC transporter, the functional orthologue of yeast Atm1p
source: FEBS Lett 441:266-70
year: 1998

SequenceSite1128
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1129
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1132
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1131
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 473

Activation of DNA fragmentation factor
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction26
evidence: Evidence48
xref: UnificationXref695
xref: UnificationXref694
pathway order: PathwayStep45
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1134
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1133
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1136
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1135
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1138
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9883880
type: PublicationXref
id: 9883880
author: Callebaut, I
author: Dehoux, P
author: Cossart, P
db: Pubmed
title: EVH1/WH1 domains of VASP and WASP proteins belong to a large family including Ran-binding domains of the RanBP1 family
source: FEBS Lett 441:181-5
year: 1998

SequenceSite1137
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

DARPP-32 events
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction273
evidence: Evidence1273
xref: UnificationXref7998
xref: UnificationXref7999
pathway order: PathwayStep385
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1130
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 308

UnificationXref3294
type: UnificationXref
id: 70958
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=70958

UnificationXref3295
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2852
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2852.2

UnificationXref3296
type: UnificationXref
id: O74378
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3297
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598047
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598047

UnificationXref3298
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598048
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598048

UnificationXref3299
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598049
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598049

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14530973
type: PublicationXref
id: 14530973
author: Mackenzie, B
author: Hediger, MA
db: Pubmed
title: SLC11 family of H+-coupled metal-ion transporters NRAMP1 and DMT1
source: Pflugers Arch 447:571-9
year: 2004

UnificationXref3290
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604031
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604031

Tristetraprolin (TTP) destabilizes mRNA
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1044
evidence: Evidence1717
xref: UnificationXref10529
xref: UnificationXref10528
pathway order: PathwayStep1696
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3291
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604033
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604033

UnificationXref3292
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_214086
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_214086.2

UnificationXref3293
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:15380
db: ChEBI

SequenceSite1169
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 31

SequenceSite1168
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 390

SequenceSite1167
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 30

SequenceSite1166
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 647

SequenceSite1165
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 87

SequenceSite1164
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 259

SequenceSite1163
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 132

SequenceSite1162
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 509

SequenceSite1161
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 36

SequenceSite1160
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 109

UnificationXref3285
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597984
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597984

UnificationXref3286
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597986
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597986

UnificationXref3283
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9USP8
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3284
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597978
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597978

UnificationXref3289
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604030
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604030

UnificationXref3287
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206254
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206254.2

UnificationXref3288
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597987
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597987

UnificationXref3281
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597982
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597982

UnificationXref3282
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597983
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597983

UnificationXref3280
type: UnificationXref
id: O13696
db: UniProt

SequenceSite1158
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 127

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9331217
type: PublicationXref
id: 9331217
author: Cooper, JA
author: Hart, MC
author: Korshunova, YO
db: Pubmed
title: Vertebrates have conserved capping protein alpha isoforms with specific expression patterns
source: Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 38:120-32
year: 1997

SequenceSite1157
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1159
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1154
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 332

SequenceSite1153
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1156
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 334

SequenceSite1155
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1150
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 250

SequenceSite1152
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 187

SequenceSite1151
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21532585
type: PublicationXref
id: 21532585
author: Yokota, Kenichi
author: Meyer, Clifford A
author: Kanno, Jun
author: Imai, Yuuki
author: Baba, Atsushi
author: Igarashi, Katsuhide
author: Ni, Min
author: Okada, Maiko
author: Okuno, Yosuke
author: Brown, Myles
author: Ohtake, Fumiaki
author: Kato, Shigeaki
db: Pubmed
title: PKA-dependent regulation of the histone lysine demethylase complex PHF2-ARID5B
source: Nat. Cell Biol. 13:668-75
year: 2011

SequenceSite1100
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 418

SequenceSite1101
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1102
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 272

HSF1-dependent transactivation
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1065
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1064
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1063
pathway component: REACT 258506.1
evidence: Evidence1749
xref: RelationshipXref1373
xref: UnificationXref10729
xref: UnificationXref10728
pathway order: PathwayStep1721
pathway order: PathwayStep1723
pathway order: PathwayStep1722
pathway order: PathwayStep1726
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1103
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1104
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 552

SequenceSite1105
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3271
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227734
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227734.2

UnificationXref3270
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598000
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598000

UnificationXref3279
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_176088
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_176088.3

UnificationXref3278
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604029
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604029

UnificationXref3277
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206342
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206342.2

UnificationXref3276
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597993
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597993

UnificationXref3275
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597991
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597991

UnificationXref3274
type: UnificationXref
id: O13966
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3273
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5798
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5798.3

UnificationXref3272
type: UnificationXref
id: 29938
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29938

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17222083
type: PublicationXref
id: 17222083
author: Lamarche-Vane, N
author: Tcherkezian, J
db: Pubmed
title: Current knowledge of the large RhoGAP family of proteins
source: Biol Cell 99:67-86
year: 2007

UnificationXref3269
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597998
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597998

UnificationXref3260
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602317
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602317

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8647866
type: PublicationXref
id: 8647866
author: Kozasa, T
author: Gilman, AG
db: Pubmed
title: Protein kinase C phosphorylates G12 alpha and inhibits its interaction with G beta gamma
source: J Biol Chem 271:12562-7
year: 1996

UnificationXref3266
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215777
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215777.2

UnificationXref3265
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607188
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607188

UnificationXref3268
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597997
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597997

UnificationXref3267
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10306
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3262
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602315
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602315

UnificationXref3261
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602316
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602316

UnificationXref3264
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_234505
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_234505.1

UnificationXref3263
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607595
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607595

UnificationXref3258
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602314
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602314

UnificationXref3259
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_243938
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_243938.1

SequenceSite1
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1124
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite6
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 159

SequenceSite1125
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite7
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1126
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 308

SequenceSite8
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 128

SequenceSite1127
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 473

SequenceSite9
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UniProt:P30776
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref7219
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1120
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite2
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 427

SequenceSite1121
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 732

SequenceSite3
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1122
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 308

SequenceSite4
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 427

SequenceSite1123
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 473

SequenceSite5
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1118
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1117
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1203

SequenceSite1119
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1203

UnificationXref3253
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602308
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602308

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15665109
type: PublicationXref
id: 15665109
author: Dirago, L
author: Mifsud, S
author: Hyland, C
author: Alexander, WS
author: Hilton, DJ
author: Carpinelli, MR
author: Nicola, NA
author: Metcalf, D
db: Pubmed
title: Anomalous megakaryocytopoiesis in mice with mutations in the c-Myb gene
source: Blood 105:3480-7
year: 2005

UnificationXref3252
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P6P9
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3251
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602304
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602304

UnificationXref3250
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602303
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602303

UnificationXref3257
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602312
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602312

UnificationXref3256
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602311
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602311

UnificationXref3255
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602310
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602310

UnificationXref3254
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602309
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602309

UnificationXref3247
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598150
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598150

UnificationXref3248
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598152
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598152

UnificationXref3249
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_249181
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_249181.1

Neurotransmitter uptake and Metabolism In Glial Cells
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 222095.2
evidence: Evidence1166
xref: UnificationXref7555
xref: RelationshipXref1065
xref: UnificationXref7554
pathway order: PathwayStep1152
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1115
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 26

SequenceSite1116
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1113
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1203

SequenceSite1114
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 15

SequenceSite1111
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1112
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1110
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 430

SequenceSite1109
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1108
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 552

SequenceSite1107
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1106
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 569

UnificationXref3240
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10489
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3242
type: UnificationXref
id: 113547
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113547

UnificationXref3241
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598136
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598136

UnificationXref3244
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09171
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3243
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2518
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2518.3

UnificationXref3246
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598141
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598141

UnificationXref3245
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598140
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598140

UnificationXref3239
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598149
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598149

UnificationXref3238
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598148
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598148

UnificationXref3237
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598147
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598147

UnificationXref3236
type: UnificationXref
id: MOD:00127
db: MOD

UnificationXref3234
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598061
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598061

UnificationXref3235
type: UnificationXref
id: O59816
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3232
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598059
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598059

UnificationXref3233
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598060
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598060

UnificationXref3230
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_186288
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_186288.3

UnificationXref3231
type: UnificationXref
id: O00087
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/224930
type: PublicationXref
id: 224930
author: Inoue, K
author: Yamasawa, K
author: Nishimukai, H
db: Pubmed
title: Purification and partial characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes.
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 569:117-23
year: 1979

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18436705
type: PublicationXref
id: 18436705
author: Scheuner, D
author: Kaufman, RJ
db: Pubmed
title: The unfolded protein response: a pathway that links insulin demand with beta-cell failure and diabetes
source: Endocr Rev 29:317-33
year: 2008

UnificationXref3229
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602730
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602730

UnificationXref3226
type: UnificationXref
id: O74847
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3225
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602727
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602727

UnificationXref3228
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602728
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602728

UnificationXref3227
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602723
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602723

UnificationXref3221
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_240090
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_240090.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8647822
type: PublicationXref
id: 8647822
author: Sanchez, HB
author: Osborne, TF
author: Rosenfeld, JM
author: Vallett, SM
db: Pubmed
title: A direct role for sterol regulatory element binding protein in activation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase gene
source: J Biol Chem 271:12247-53
year: 1996

UnificationXref3222
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597767
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597767

UnificationXref3223
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_210920
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_210920.2

UnificationXref3224
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09896
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3220
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598256
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598256

L-glutamic acid removal
type: SequenceModificationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref5836

L-arginine removal
type: SequenceModificationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref5896

UnificationXref3217
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597763
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597763

UnificationXref3216
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597762
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597762

UnificationXref3215
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597761
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597761

UnificationXref3214
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597760
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597760

UnificationXref3219
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597765
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597765

UnificationXref3218
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597764
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597764

UnificationXref3212
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597758
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597758

UnificationXref3213
type: UnificationXref
id: 5597759
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597759

UnificationXref3210
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4026
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4026.2

UnificationXref3211
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7P7
db: UniProt

ATF4 activates genes
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: TemplateReaction34
evidence: Evidence1637
xref: UnificationXref9912
xref: UnificationXref9911
pathway order: PathwayStep1617
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22983114
type: PublicationXref
id: 22983114
author: Boutros, Michael
author: Bartscherer, Kerstin
author: Chaudhary, Varun
author: Gross, Julia Christina
db: Pubmed
title: Active Wnt proteins are secreted on exosomes
source: Nat. Cell Biol. 14:1036-45
year: 2012

UnificationXref3204
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607589
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607589

UnificationXref3203
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188358
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188358.3

UnificationXref3206
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607590
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607590

UnificationXref3205
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188371
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188371.3

UnificationXref3208
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:422
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3207
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188370
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188370.3

UnificationXref3209
type: UnificationXref
id: 29708
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29708

UnificationXref3200
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605283
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605283

UnificationXref3201
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_220481
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_220481.2

UnificationXref3202
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607753
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607753

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6693436
type: PublicationXref
id: 6693436
author: Hu, SZ
author: Wang, TS
author: Korn, D
db: Pubmed
title: DNA primase from KB cells. Characterization of a primase activity tightly associated with immunoaffinity-purified DNA polymerase-alpha.
source: J Biol Chem 259:1854-65
year: 1984

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12800216
type: PublicationXref
id: 12800216
author: Zhang, M
author: Zhu, F
db: Pubmed
title: DNA polymerase zeta: new insight into eukaryotic mutagenesis and mammalian embryonic development.
source: World J Gastroenterol 9:1165-9
year: 2003

SHC-related events
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 214897.2
evidence: Evidence1177
xref: UnificationXref7594
xref: UnificationXref7595
pathway order: PathwayStep1162
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8659
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599924
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599924

UnificationXref8654
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598322
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598322

MyD88 cascade initiated on plasma membrane
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 202789.2
evidence: Evidence1816
xref: RelationshipXref1405
xref: UnificationXref11016
xref: UnificationXref11017
pathway order: PathwayStep1748
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8653
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598316
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598316

UnificationXref8652
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_212862
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_212862.2

UnificationXref8651
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600483
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600483

UnificationXref8658
type: UnificationXref
id: P40997
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8657
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_212362
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_212362.2

UnificationXref8656
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599931
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599931

UnificationXref8655
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599927
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599927

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2408761
type: PublicationXref
id: 2408761
author: Sharp, PA
author: Moore, CL
db: Pubmed
title: Accurate cleavage and polyadenylation of exogenous RNA substrate.
source: Cell 41:845-55
year: 1985

UnificationXref8650
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_213738
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213738.2

UnificationXref8663
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599926
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599926

UnificationXref8662
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_252514
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_252514.1

UnificationXref8665
type: UnificationXref
id: O74880
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8664
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_211966
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_211966.2

UnificationXref8667
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599941
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599941

UnificationXref8666
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599935
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599935

UnificationXref8669
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_210367
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_210367.2

UnificationXref8668
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599942
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599942

UnificationXref8661
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599928
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599928

UnificationXref8660
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599925
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599925

UniProt:P58234
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref244
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8679
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_257250
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_257250.1

UnificationXref8678
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607415
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607415

UnificationXref8677
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_216018
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_216018.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19783045
type: PublicationXref
id: 19783045
author: Kongsuphol, Patthara
author: Kunzelmann, Karl
author: Schreiber, Rainer
author: Warth, R
author: Tian, Yuemin
author: Ousingsawat, Jiraporn
author: Aldehni, Fadi
db: Pubmed
title: Bestrophin and TMEM16-Ca(2+) activated Cl(-) channels with different functions
source: Cell Calcium 46:233-41
year: 2009

UnificationXref8676
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600481
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600481

UnificationXref8675
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_226259
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_226259.2

UnificationXref8674
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600460
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600460

UnificationXref8673
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598324
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598324

UnificationXref8672
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598323
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598323

UnificationXref8671
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_213943
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213943.2

UnificationXref8670
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607286
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607286

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3893466
type: PublicationXref
id: 3893466
author: Jornvall, H
db: Pubmed
title: Alcohol dehydrogenases, aldehyde dehydrogenases, and related enzymes
source: Alcohol 2:61-6
year: 1985

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7890667
type: PublicationXref
id: 7890667
author: Liu, SM
author: Cheng, HF
author: Wong, LP
author: King, K
author: Jiang, MJ
author: Chen, CL
author: Lomasney, JW
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning and identification of amino acid residues of human phospholipase C delta 1 essential for catalysis
source: J Biol Chem 270:5495-505
year: 1995

UnificationXref8689
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599179
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599179

UnificationXref8688
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09177
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8685
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599183
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599183

UnificationXref8684
type: UnificationXref
id: O94616
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8687
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599175
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599175

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8662720
type: PublicationXref
id: 8662720
author: Korenberg, J
author: Garrow, TA
author: Qi, H
author: Choi, YJ
author: Shane, B
author: Chen, L
db: Pubmed
title: Purification and properties of human cytosolic folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase and organization, localization, and differential splicing of its gene
source: J Biol Chem 271:13077-87
year: 1996

UnificationXref8686
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7X8
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8681
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_230125
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_230125.1

UnificationXref8680
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607416
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607416

UnificationXref8683
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_219874
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_219874.2

UnificationXref8682
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607272
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607272

UnificationXref8618
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3318
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3318.1

UnificationXref8617
type: UnificationXref
id: 109877
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109877

UnificationXref8616
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227936
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227936.2

UnificationXref8615
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599773
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599773

UnificationXref8619
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599418
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599418

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15585605
type: PublicationXref
id: 15585605
author: Takeda, K
author: Akira, S
db: Pubmed
title: TIRAP/Mal, TRIF and TRAM. Differential utilization of these TIR
source: Int Immunol 17:1-14
year: 2005

UnificationXref8610
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599768
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599768

UnificationXref8613
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4127
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4127.1

UnificationXref8614
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599771
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599771

UnificationXref8611
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_204539
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_204539.2

UnificationXref8612
type: UnificationXref
id: 83602
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=83602

UnificationXref8627
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599755
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599755

UnificationXref8626
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599752
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599752

UnificationXref8629
type: UnificationXref
id: 75884
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=75884

UnificationXref8628
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_223653
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_223653.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15031527
type: PublicationXref
id: 15031527
author: Matsumoto, M
author: Seya, T
author: Funami, K
author: Oshiumi, H
db: Pubmed
title: Toll-like receptor 3: a link between toll-like receptor, interferon and viruses
source: Microbiol Immunol 48:147-54
year: 2004

UnificationXref8620
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599772
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599772

UnificationXref8621
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_204002
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_204002.2

UnificationXref8622
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607274
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607274

UnificationXref8623
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_226467
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_226467.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19489725
type: PublicationXref
id: 19489725
author: Joazeiro, Claudio A
author: Deshaies, RJ
db: Pubmed
title: RING domain E3 ubiquitin ligases
source: Annu Rev Biochem 78:399-434
year: 2009

UnificationXref8624
type: UnificationXref
id: 75858
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=75858

UnificationXref8625
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5797
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5797.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8896562
type: PublicationXref
id: 8896562
author: Saarialho-Kere, U
author: Haila, S
author: Kere, J
author: de la Chapelle, A
author: Socha, J
author: Karjalainen-Lindsberg, ML
author: Airola, K
author: Höglund, P
author: Tomaszewski, L
author: Holmberg, C
db: Pubmed
title: Mutations of the Down-regulated in adenoma (DRA) gene cause congenital chloride diarrhoea
source: Nat Genet 14:316-9
year: 1996

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15063729
type: PublicationXref
id: 15063729
author: Kihara, A
author: Igarashi, Y
author: Mizutani, Y
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of the human sphingolipid C4-hydroxylase, hDES2, and its up-regulation during keratinocyte differentiation
source: FEBS Lett 563:93-7
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8618861
type: PublicationXref
id: 8618861
author: Nevins, JR
author: DeGregori, J
author: Ohtani, K
db: Pubmed
title: Regulation of the cyclin E gene by transcription factor E2F1
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:12146-50
year: 1995

UnificationXref8639
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599907
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599907

UnificationXref8638
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5290
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5290.1

UnificationXref8637
type: UnificationXref
id: 75901
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=75901

UnificationXref8635
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5461
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5461.1

UnificationXref8636
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599776
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599776

UnificationXref8633
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_224800
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_224800.2

UnificationXref8634
type: UnificationXref
id: 75888
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=75888

UnificationXref8631
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599774
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599774

UnificationXref8632
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599775
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599775

UnificationXref8630
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5593
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5593.1

UnificationXref8649
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607271
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607271

UnificationXref8648
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_224020
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_224020.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9461603
type: PublicationXref
id: 9461603
author: Aguado, B
author: Campbell, RD
db: Pubmed
title: Characterization of a human lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase that is encoded by a gene located in the class III region of the human major histocompatibility complex
source: J Biol Chem 273:4096-105
year: 1998

UnificationXref8644
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599929
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599929

UnificationXref8645
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600274
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600274

UnificationXref8646
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215257
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215257.2

UnificationXref8647
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607270
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607270

UnificationXref8640
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599908
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599908

UnificationXref8641
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_210167
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_210167.2

UnificationXref8642
type: UnificationXref
id: 111260
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111260

UnificationXref8643
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4724
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4724.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8104944
type: PublicationXref
id: 8104944
author: Brown, WC
author: Campbell, JL
db: Pubmed
title: Interaction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen with yeast DNA polymerase delta.
source: J Biol Chem 268:21706-10
year: 1993

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18043707
type: PublicationXref
id: 18043707
author: Hamm, HE
author: Oldham, WM
db: Pubmed
title: Heterotrimeric G protein activation by G-protein-coupled receptors
source: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:60-71
year: 2008

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8755573
type: PublicationXref
id: 8755573
author: Webster, MK
author: Meyer, AN
author: Donoghue, DJ
author: Hart, KC
author: Galvin, BD
db: Pubmed
title: Constitutive receptor activation by Crouzon syndrome mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)2 and FGFR2/Neu chimeras
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:7894-9
year: 1996

UnificationXref8603
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_220627
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_220627.2

UnificationXref8602
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607294
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607294

UnificationXref8601
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_213632
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213632.2

UnificationXref8600
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600042
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600042

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16182515
type: PublicationXref
id: 16182515
author: Hubbard, KB
author: Hepler, JR
db: Pubmed
title: Cell signalling diversity of the Gqalpha family of heterotrimeric G proteins
source: Cell Signal 18:135-50
year: 2006

UniProt:P07669
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1005
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21944752
type: PublicationXref
id: 21944752
author: Pierrel, F
author: Lill, R
author: Webert, H
author: Mühlenhoff, U
author: Fontecave, M
author: Ozeir, M
db: Pubmed
title: Coenzyme Q biosynthesis: Coq6 is required for the C5-hydroxylation reaction and substrate analogs rescue Coq6 deficiency
source: Chem Biol 18:1134-42
year: 2011

UnificationXref8608
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599766
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599766

UnificationXref8609
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599767
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599767

UnificationXref8606
type: UnificationXref
id: 71063
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=71063

UnificationXref8607
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5586
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5586.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11470918
type: PublicationXref
id: 11470918
author: Wagner, H
author: Hausmann, S
author: Kirschning, CJ
author: Lipford, GB
author: Bauer, S
author: Redecke, V
author: Akira, S
author: Hacker, H
db: Pubmed
title: Human TLR9 confers responsiveness to bacterial DNA via species-specific CpG motif recognition
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:9237-42
year: 2001

UnificationXref8604
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599829
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599829

UnificationXref8605
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227701
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227701.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10524214
type: PublicationXref
id: 10524214
author: Cregeen, DP
author: Rumsby, G
db: Pubmed
title: Identification and expression of a cDNA for human hydroxypyruvate/glyoxylate reductase
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 1446:383-8
year: 1999

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5666113
type: PublicationXref
id: 5666113
author: Luzzatto, L
author: Afolayan, A
db: Pubmed
title: Enzymic properties of different types of human erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, with characterization of two new genetic variants
source: J Clin Invest 47:1833-42
year: 1968

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16738407
type: PublicationXref
id: 16738407
author: Schotta, Gunnar
author: O'Sullivan, Roderick J
author: Kubicek, Stefan
author: Jenuwein, Thomas
author: Sengupta, Roopsha
author: Mechtler, Karl
author: Opravil, Susanne
author: Yonezawa, Masato
author: Fodor, Barna D
author: Perez-Burgos, Laura
db: Pubmed
title: Jmjd2b antagonizes H3K9 trimethylation at pericentric heterochromatin in mammalian cells
source: Genes Dev. 20:1557-62
year: 2006

MPS IX - Natowicz syndrome
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 221526.2
evidence: Evidence814
xref: UnificationXref5800
xref: UnificationXref5799
pathway order: PathwayStep134
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1097
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1096
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 298

SequenceSite1095
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1094
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 217

SequenceSite1093
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 37

SequenceSite1092
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 327

SequenceSite1091
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 50

SequenceSite1090
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 369

SequenceSite1099
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1098
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 404

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21413788
type: PublicationXref
id: 21413788
author: Dunaway-Mariano, Debra
author: Wu, Rui
author: Garland, Megan
author: Allen, Karen N
db: Pubmed
title: Homo sapiens dullard protein phosphatase shows a preference for the insulin-dependent phosphorylation site of lipin1
source: Biochemistry 50:3045-7
year: 2011

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21554866
type: PublicationXref
id: 21554866
author: Cox, Brian J
author: Biechele, Steffen
author: Rossant, Janet
db: Pubmed
title: Porcupine homolog is required for canonical Wnt signaling and gastrulation in mouse embryos
source: Dev. Biol. 355:275-85
year: 2011

SequenceSite1089
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1087
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1088
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 468

SequenceSite1085
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 35

SequenceSite1086
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 371

SequenceSite1083
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1084
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 415

SequenceSite1081
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1082
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 399

SequenceSite1080
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 537

Abacavir transport and metabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 188289.3
evidence: Evidence732
xref: UnificationXref5381
xref: UnificationXref5380
pathway order: PathwayStep727
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1076
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 423

SequenceSite1077
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 22

SequenceSite1078
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 458

SequenceSite1079
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1072
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 429

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19359157
type: PublicationXref
id: 19359157
author: Lykke-Andersen, J
author: Rebbapragada, I
db: Pubmed
title: Execution of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay: what defines a substrate?
source: Curr Opin Cell Biol 21:394-402
year: 2009

SequenceSite1073
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 47

SequenceSite1074
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 629

SequenceSite1075
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1070
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 399

SequenceSite1071
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 32

Phagosomal maturation (early endosomal stage)
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) produces Nitric Oxide (NO)
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction531
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction530
evidence: Evidence740
xref: UnificationXref5506
xref: RelationshipXref851
xref: UnificationXref5505
pathway order: PathwayStep734
pathway order: PathwayStep733
pathway order: PathwayStep4
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17698287
type: PublicationXref
id: 17698287
author: Grabowska, AM
author: Watson, SA
db: Pubmed
title: Role of gastrin peptides in carcinogenesis
source: Cancer Lett 257:1-15
year: 2007

SequenceSite1067
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1068
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 441

SequenceSite1065
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1066
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 350

SequenceSite1069
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1060
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 384

SequenceSite1063
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7378348
type: PublicationXref
id: 7378348
author: So, AG
author: Tan, CK
author: Downey, KM
author: Lee, MY
db: Pubmed
title: Purification of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase delta from calf thymus: partial characterization of physical properties.
source: Biochemistry 19:2096-101
year: 1980

SequenceSite1064
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 350

SequenceSite1061
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1062
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 654

SequenceSite1054
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1055
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 562

SequenceSite1056
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 371

SequenceSite1057
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1058
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 552

SequenceSite1059
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1050
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 323

SequenceSite1051
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1052
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 473

SequenceSite1053
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 379

UnificationXref3170
type: UnificationXref
id: O42881
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3171
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602292
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602292

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8089153
type: PublicationXref
id: 8089153
author: Hirst, M
author: Lou, L
author: Nakamura, J
author: Haliday, E
db: Pubmed
title: Human GMP synthetase. Protein purification, cloning, and functional expression of cDNA
source: J Biol Chem 269:23830-23837
year: 1994

UnificationXref3172
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602293
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602293

UnificationXref3173
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602295
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602295

UnificationXref3174
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_239820
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_239820.1

UnificationXref3175
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602234
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602234

UnificationXref3176
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602235
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602235

UnificationXref3177
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602236
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602236

UnificationXref3178
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_239470
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_239470.1

UnificationXref3179
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607588
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607588

SequenceSite1042
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 203

SequenceSite1041
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1040
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 49

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18367721
type: PublicationXref
id: 18367721
author: Skinner, SJ
author: Deleault, KM
author: Whitfield, ML
author: Brooks, SA
author: Gross, RH
author: Townley-Tilson, WH
author: Emmons, J
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of TTP mRNA targets in human dendritic cells reveals TTP as a critical regulator of dendritic cell maturation
source: RNA 14:888-902
year: 2008

SequenceSite1049
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1048
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 332

SequenceSite1047
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 26

SequenceSite1046
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 190

SequenceSite1045
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1044
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 197

SequenceSite1043
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3160
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:18421
db: ChEBI

SequenceSite1029
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 387

UnificationXref3161
type: UnificationXref
id: 1222424
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1222424

UnificationXref3164
type: UnificationXref
id: 1497857
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1497857

UnificationXref3165
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_111511
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_111511.1

UnificationXref3162
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_111446
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_111446.2

UnificationXref3163
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:15375
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3168
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_212209
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_212209.2

UnificationXref3169
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602233
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602233

UnificationXref3166
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605284
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605284

UnificationXref3167
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605287
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605287

SequenceSite1031
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 387

SequenceSite1030
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1037
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 385

SequenceSite1036
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 17

SequenceSite1039
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 385

SequenceSite1038
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 17

SequenceSite1033
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 586

SequenceSite1032
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 388

SequenceSite1035
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 586

SequenceSite1034
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 388

UnificationXref3191
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605125
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605125

UnificationXref3192
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:17295
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3193
type: UnificationXref
id: 29502
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29502

SequenceSite1018
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3194
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4077
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4077.3

SequenceSite1019
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1531

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17635743
type: PublicationXref
id: 17635743
author: Bluteau, D
author: Debili, N
author: Chang, Y
author: Vainchenker, W
db: Pubmed
title: From hematopoietic stem cells to platelets
source: J Thromb Haemost 5:318-27
year: 2007

UnificationXref3190
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605124
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605124

UnificationXref3199
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605281
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605281

UnificationXref3195
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605285
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605285

UnificationXref3196
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_226494
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_226494.2

UnificationXref3197
type: UnificationXref
id: P36591
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3198
type: UnificationXref
id: 5601871
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601871

SequenceSite1020
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 381

SequenceSite1024
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1023
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 569

SequenceSite1022
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 381

SequenceSite1021
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 569

SequenceSite1028
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1027
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 380

SequenceSite1026
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1025
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 380

UnificationXref3182
type: UnificationXref
id: 1474124
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1474124

SequenceSite1007
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 907

UnificationXref3183
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_111890
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_111890.1

SequenceSite1008
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3180
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_207879
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_207879.2

SequenceSite1009
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 660

UnificationXref3181
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:18372
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3188
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605123
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605123

UnificationXref3189
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_217398
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_217398.2

UnificationXref3186
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605120
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605120

UnificationXref3187
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605121
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605121

UnificationXref3184
type: UnificationXref
id: O13774
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3185
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605119
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605119

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14521508
type: PublicationXref
id: 14521508
author: Fransson, A
author: Aspenstrom, P
author: Saras, J
db: Pubmed
title: Rho GTPases have diverse effects on the organization of the actin filament system
source: Biochem J 377:327-37
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19261609
type: PublicationXref
id: 19261609
author: Vitvitsky, V
author: Singh, S
author: Banerjee, R
author: Zhu, W
author: Chiku, T
author: Padovani, D
db: Pubmed
title: H2S biogenesis by human cystathionine gamma-lyase leads to the novel sulfur metabolites lanthionine and homolanthionine and is responsive to the grade of hyperhomocysteinemia
source: J Biol Chem 284:11601-12
year: 2009

SequenceSite1011
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 160

SequenceSite1010
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1013
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 329

SequenceSite1012
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1015
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 611

SequenceSite1014
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1017
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1531

SequenceSite1016
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1003
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2098

SequenceSite1004
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1005
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 782

SequenceSite1006
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8428657
type: PublicationXref
id: 8428657
author: Yang, DC
author: Donovan, D
author: Vogeli, G
author: Vilalta, A
author: Wood, L
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning, sequencing and expression of a cDNA encoding mammalian valyl-tRNA synthetase
source: Gene 123:181-6
year: 1993

SequenceSite1000
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16024644
type: PublicationXref
id: 16024644
author: Shimamura, T
author: Shapiro, GI
author: Engelman, JA
author: Lowell, AM
db: Pubmed
title: Epidermal growth factor receptors harboring kinase domain mutations associate with the heat shock protein 90 chaperone and are destabilized following exposure to geldanamycins
source: Cancer Res 65:6401-8
year: 2005

SequenceSite1001
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2098

SequenceSite1002
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UnificationXref3139
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602220
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602220

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9268380
type: PublicationXref
id: 9268380
author: Fattaey, A
author: Booher, RN
author: Holman, PS
db: Pubmed
title: Human Myt1 is a cell cycle-regulated kinase that inhibits Cdc2 but not Cdk2 activity
source: J Biol Chem 272:22300-6
year: 1997

UnificationXref3137
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602218
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602218

UnificationXref3138
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602219
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602219

UnificationXref3132
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602215
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602215

UnificationXref3131
type: UnificationXref
id: P41887
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3130
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_258092
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_258092.1

UnificationXref3136
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602217
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602217

UnificationXref3135
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602216
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602216

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17222168
type: PublicationXref
id: 17222168
author: Agre, P
author: Frøkiaer, J
author: Nielsen, S
author: Kwon, TH
db: Pubmed
title: Regulation and dysregulation of aquaporins in water balance disorders
source: J Intern Med 261:53-64
year: 2007

UnificationXref3134
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602211
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602211

UnificationXref3133
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602210
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602210

UnificationXref3126
type: UnificationXref
id: 71185
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=71185

UnificationXref3127
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2784
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2784.3

UnificationXref3128
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602209
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602209

UnificationXref3129
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602296
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602296

UnificationXref3121
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:17621
db: ChEBI

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17222174
type: PublicationXref
id: 17222174
author: Van Schaftingen, E
author: Linster, CL
db: Pubmed
title: Vitamin C: biosynthesis, recycling and degradation in mammals
source: FEBS J 274:1-22
year: 2007

UnificationXref3120
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602286
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602286

UnificationXref3123
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3399
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3399.2

UnificationXref3122
type: UnificationXref
id: 73524
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=73524

UnificationXref3125
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:17627
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3124
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602208
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602208

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17320160
type: PublicationXref
id: 17320160
author: Bonni, Azad
author: Huarte, Maite
author: Iwase, Shigeki
author: Shi, Yang
author: Bayliss, Peter
author: Lan, Fei
author: Roberts, Thomas M
author: Qi, Hank H
author: Whetstine, Johnathan R
author: de la Torre-Ubieta, Luis
db: Pubmed
title: The X-linked mental retardation gene SMCX/JARID1C defines a family of histone H3 lysine 4 demethylases
source: Cell 128:1077-88
year: 2007

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11264579
type: PublicationXref
id: 11264579
author: Hutson, SM
author: Conway, ME
author: Dunbar, J
author: Farber, GK
author: Yennawar, NH
db: Pubmed
title: The structure of human mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferase.
source: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 57:506-15
year: 2001

UnificationXref3159
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_210455
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_210455.2

UnificationXref3158
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602231
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602231

UnificationXref3157
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_202838
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_202838.2

UnificationXref3156
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605280
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605280

UnificationXref3155
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602229
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602229

UnificationXref3154
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_204127
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_204127.2

UnificationXref3153
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602228
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602228

UnificationXref3152
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602227
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602227

UnificationXref3151
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602226
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602226

UnificationXref3150
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602225
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602225

UnificationXref3148
type: UnificationXref
id: 29870
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29870

Translesion synthesis by Pol eta
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction812
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction810
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction811
evidence: Evidence1328
xref: UnificationXref8201
xref: UnificationXref8202
pathway order: PathwayStep1310
pathway order: PathwayStep1311
pathway order: PathwayStep1312
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3149
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2495
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2495.2

UnificationXref3145
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602223
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602223

UnificationXref3144
type: UnificationXref
id: 5601893
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601893

UnificationXref3147
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:15372
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3146
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602222
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602222

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17320163
type: PublicationXref
id: 17320163
author: Yamane, Kenichi
author: Zhang, Yi
author: Yan, Qin
author: Kaelin, William G
author: Tempst, P
author: Klose, Robert J
author: Gilliland, D Gary
author: Erdjument-Bromage, H
author: Tothova, Zuzana
db: Pubmed
title: The retinoblastoma binding protein RBP2 is an H3K4 demethylase
source: Cell 128:889-900
year: 2007

UnificationXref3141
type: UnificationXref
id: 5601888
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601888

UnificationXref3140
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602221
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602221

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17320161
type: PublicationXref
id: 17320161
author: Rappsilber, Juri
author: Cloos, Paul A C
author: Salcini, Anna Elisabetta
author: Hansen, Klaus H
author: Sennels, Lau
author: Pasini, Diego
author: Agger, Karl
author: Christensen, Jesper
author: Rose, Simon
author: Helin, Kristian
db: Pubmed
title: RBP2 belongs to a family of demethylases, specific for tri-and dimethylated lysine 4 on histone 3
source: Cell 128:1063-76
year: 2007

UnificationXref3143
type: UnificationXref
id: 5601892
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601892

UnificationXref3142
type: UnificationXref
id: 5601890
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601890

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18767960
type: PublicationXref
id: 18767960
author: Antonellis, A
author: Green, ED
db: Pubmed
title: The role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in genetic diseases
source: Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 9:87-107
year: 2008

Unwinding of DNA
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction674
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction675
evidence: Evidence1025
xref: UnificationXref6958
xref: UnificationXref6957
pathway order: PathwayStep1015
pathway order: PathwayStep1014
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2995985
type: PublicationXref
id: 2995985
author: Evans, DR
author: Kelly, RE
author: Pastra-Landis, SC
author: Lee, L
db: Pubmed
title: Oligomeric structure of the multifunctional protein CAD that initiates pyrimidine biosynthesis in mammalian cells
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:6802-6806
year: 1985

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6022858
type: PublicationXref
id: 6022858
author: Younathan, ES
author: Pynes, GD
db: Pubmed
title: Purification and some properties of inorganic pyrophosphatase from human erythrocytes
source: J Biol Chem 242:2119-23
year: 1967

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1974050
type: PublicationXref
id: 1974050
author: Hurwitz, J
author: Lee, SH
db: Pubmed
title: Mechanism of elongation of primed DNA by DNA polymerase delta, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and activator 1.
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87:5672-6
year: 1990

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18201392
type: PublicationXref
id: 18201392
author: Clarke, LA
db: Pubmed
title: The mucopolysaccharidoses: a success of molecular medicine
source: Expert Rev Mol Med 10:e1
year: 2008

UnificationXref8691
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599191
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599191

Dissociation of L13a from the 60s ribosomal subunit
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence1
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref194
xref: UnificationXref195
left: Complex1
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Complex2
right: Homologues of RPL13A

UnificationXref8692
type: UnificationXref
id: P15398
db: UniProt

Association of phospho-L13a with GAIT element of Ceruloplasmin mRNA
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence2
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref366
xref: UnificationXref367
left: Complex3
left: Protein194
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Complex12

UnificationXref8693
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599187
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599187

Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) produces Nitric Oxide (NO)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence5
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.14.13.39
xref: UnificationXref397
xref: UnificationXref396
left: SmallMolecule3
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule2
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule5
right: SmallMolecule6
right: SmallMolecule7

UnificationXref8694
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599192
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599192

ATP2B1-4 transport cytosolic Ca2+ to extracellular region
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence7
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.6.3.8
xref: UnificationXref414
xref: UnificationXref415
left: SmallMolecule8
display name: PMCA extrusion of Ca2+
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule9

PIP3 recruits PDK1 and AKT to the membrane
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence11
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref448
xref: UnificationXref447
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry163
left: Protein211
left: SmallMolecule10
left: PhysicalEntity3
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Complex13

PDK1 binds PKC zeta
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence12
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref455
xref: UnificationXref456
left: Complex13
left: Protein221
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Complex14

PDK1 activates PKC zeta
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence13
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref468
xref: UnificationXref469
left: Complex14
left: SmallMolecule11
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: Complex15

UnificationXref8690
type: UnificationXref
id: O94703
db: UniProt

Activation of Protein Kinase C novel isoforms
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence15
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref490
xref: UnificationXref489
left: SmallMolecule13
left: PhysicalEntity5
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Complex16

UnificationXref8699
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_219911
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_219911.2

2-AG hydrolysis to arachidonate by MAGL
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence16
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.1.23
xref: UnificationXref509
xref: UnificationXref508
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule15
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule18
right: SmallMolecule17
right: SmallMolecule16

UnificationXref8695
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10110
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8696
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599196
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599196

UnificationXref8697
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599197
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599197

UnificationXref8698
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599198
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599198

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1335363
type: PublicationXref
id: 1335363
author: Birnbaumer, L
db: Pubmed
title: Receptor-to-effector signaling through G proteins: roles for beta gamma dimers as well as alpha subunits
source: Cell 71:1069-72
year: 1992

UnificationXref3119
type: UnificationXref
id: MOD:00115
db: MOD

UnificationXref3118
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_245988
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_245988.1

UnificationXref3117
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602288
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602288

UnificationXref3116
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602232
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602232

UnificationXref3115
type: UnificationXref
id: MOD:00068
db: MOD

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9305914
type: PublicationXref
id: 9305914
author: Ishimi, Y
db: Pubmed
title: A DNA helicase activity is associated with an MCM4, -6, and -7 protein complex.
source: J Biol Chem 272:24508-13
year: 1997

UnificationXref3113
type: UnificationXref
id: 184174
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=184174

UnificationXref3114
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_13331
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_13331.2

UnificationXref3111
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_237307
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_237307.1

UnificationXref3112
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:15532
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3110
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607410
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607410

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8114698
type: PublicationXref
id: 8114698
author: Nevins, JR
author: Ohtani, K
db: Pubmed
title: Functional properties of a Drosophila homolog of the E2F1 gene
source: Mol Cell Biol 14:1603-12
year: 1994

UnificationXref3109
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_229743
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_229743.1

UnificationXref3108
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607463
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607463

UnificationXref3105
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_244462
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_244462.1

UnificationXref3104
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600839
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600839

UnificationXref3107
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_233919
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_233919.1

UnificationXref3106
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600840
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600840

GPVI-mediated activation cascade
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: PIP3 recruits PDK1 and AKT to the membrane
pathway component: PDK1 binds PKC zeta
pathway component: PDK1 activates PKC zeta
evidence: Evidence14
xref: UnificationXref471
xref: UnificationXref470
pathway order: PathwayStep12
pathway order: PathwayStep11
pathway order: PathwayStep10
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

XBP1(S) activates chaperone genes
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: TemplateReaction32
pathway component: TemplateReaction33
pathway component: TemplateReaction20
pathway component: TemplateReaction30
pathway component: TemplateReaction21
pathway component: TemplateReaction31
pathway component: TemplateReaction13
pathway component: TemplateReaction22
pathway component: TemplateReaction23
pathway component: TemplateReaction24
pathway component: TemplateReaction16
pathway component: TemplateReaction25
pathway component: TemplateReaction26
pathway component: TemplateReaction17
pathway component: TemplateReaction27
pathway component: TemplateReaction14
pathway component: TemplateReaction28
pathway component: TemplateReaction15
pathway component: TemplateReaction29
pathway component: TemplateReaction18
pathway component: TemplateReaction19
evidence: Evidence1634
xref: UnificationXref9905
xref: UnificationXref9906
pathway order: PathwayStep1613
pathway order: PathwayStep1600
pathway order: PathwayStep1612
pathway order: PathwayStep1611
pathway order: PathwayStep1602
pathway order: PathwayStep1601
pathway order: PathwayStep1610
pathway order: PathwayStep1604
pathway order: PathwayStep1599
pathway order: PathwayStep1603
pathway order: PathwayStep1606
pathway order: PathwayStep1605
pathway order: PathwayStep1614
pathway order: PathwayStep1595
pathway order: PathwayStep1596
pathway order: PathwayStep1597
pathway order: PathwayStep1598
pathway order: PathwayStep1594
pathway order: PathwayStep1607
pathway order: PathwayStep1608
pathway order: PathwayStep1609
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3100
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_237512
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_237512.1

UnificationXref3101
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600872
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600872

UnificationXref3102
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_232624
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_232624.1

UnificationXref3103
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600838
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600838

Evidence426
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2188967
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7273846
comment: Pyruvate sits at an intersection of key pathways of energy metabolism. It is the end product of glycolysis and the starting point for gluconeogenesis, and can be generated by transamination of alanine. It can be converted by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex to acetyl CoA (Reed and Hackert 1990) which can enter the TCA cycle or serve as the starting point for the syntheses of long chain fatty acids, steroids, and ketone bodies depending on the tissue and metabolic state in which it is formed. It also plays a central role in balancing the energy needs of various tissues in the body. Under conditions in which oxygen supply is limiting, e.g., in exercising muscle, or in the absence of mitochondria, e.g., in red blood cells, re-oxidation of NADH produced by glycolysis cannot be coupled to generation of ATP. Instead, re-oxidation is coupled to the reduction of pyruvate to lactate. This lactate is released into the blood, and is taken up primarily by the liver, where it is oxidized to pyruvate and can be used for gluconeogenesis (Cori 1981).

Evidence425
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12676647
comment: The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, linking glycolysis to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid synthesis. PDH inactivation is crucial for glucose conservation when glucose is scarce, while adequate PDH activity is required to allow both ATP and fatty acid production from glucose. The mechanisms that control human PDH activity include its phosphorylation (inactivation) by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK 1-4) and its dephosphorylation (activation, reactivation) by pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphate phosphatases (PDP 1 and 2). Isoform-specific differences in kinetic parameters, regulation, and phosphorylation site specificity of the PDKs introduce variations in the regulation of PDC activity in differing endocrine and metabolic states (Sugden and Holness 2003).

Evidence424
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15491150
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11485553
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20042001
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7499431
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8798399
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11486000
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9405293
comment: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase (PDK) in the mitochondrial matrix catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine residues of the E1 alpha subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, inactivating it. Pyruvate negatively regulates this reaction, and NADH and acetyl CoA positively regulate it (Bao et al. 2004). Four PDK isoforms have been identified and shown to catalyze the phosphorylation of E1 alpha in vitro (Gudi et al. 1995; Kolobova et al. 2001; Rowles et al. 1996). They differ in their expression patterns and quantitative responses to regulatory small molecules. All four isoforms catalyze the phosphorylation of serine residues 293 ("site 1") and 300 ("site 2"); PDK1 also catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine 232 ("site 3"). Phosphorylation of a single site in a single E1 alpha subunit is sufficient for enzyme inactivation (Bowker-Kinley et al. 1998; Gudi et al. 1995; Kolobova et al. 2001; Korotchkina and Patel, 2001). In the nucleus, cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 or 2 (CRABP1 or 2), bound to all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), directly binds to the heterodimeric complex of retinoic acid receptor alpha RXRA) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD). When bound to PPARD, atRA can significantly increase the expression of proteins involved in energy metabolism such as PDK via its induction of PPARD (Wolf 2010).

Evidence423
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16049940
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15138885
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11752427
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2188967
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10679936
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15946682
comment: The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the reaction of pyruvate, CoASH, and NAD+ to form acetylCoA, CO2, and NADH. The enzyme complex contains multiple copies of three different proteins, E1 alpha, E1 beta, E2, and E3, each with distinct catalytic activities (Reed and Hackert 1990; Zhou et al 2001). The reaction starts with the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate catalyzed by E1 alpha and beta (pyruvate dehydrogenase). Lipoamide cofactor associated with E1 is reduced at the same time. Next, the acetyl group derived from pyruvate is transferred to coenzyme A in two steps catalyzed by E2 (dihydrolipolyl transacetylase). Finally, the oxidized form of lipoamide is regenerated and electrons are transferred to NAD+ in two steps catalyzed by E3 (dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase). The biochemical details of this reaction have been worked out with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and subunits purified from bovine tissue and other non-human sources. Direct evidence for the roles of the corresponding human proteins comes from studies of patients expressing mutant forms of E1 alpha (Lissens et al. 2000), E1 beta (Brown et al. 2004), E2 (Head et al. 2005), and E3 (Brautigam et al. 2005).

UniProt:Q10177
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref5501
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence422
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22628558
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11945601
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4822737
comment: Pyruvate (PYR) and a proton are transported from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix, mediated by a complex of MCP1 and MCP2 in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Studies of pyruvate uptake in rat indicate that it is specific, saturable, and competitively inhibitable, indicating a specific role for a membrane transport protein (Papa et al. 1971; Halestrap and Denton 1974), and the stoichiometry of the human reaction is inferred from this work. MCP1 and MCP2 have been identified as essential components of the transporter based on the observation that expression of both proteins (but not either one alone) restored mitochondrial pyruvate uptake in mutant budding yeast. The proteins form a multimeric complex; its stoichiometry is unknown (Bricker et al. 2012).

UniProt:Q10178
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref10015
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence421
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11377399
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11276087
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3435492
comment: Cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the freely reversible reaction of lactate and NAD+ to form pyruvate and NADH + H+. In liver parenchymal cells, this reaction allows lactate from red blood cells and exercising muscle to be converted to pyruvate which in turn is typically used for gluconeogenesis which also consumes the NADH from the reaction. Lactate dehydrogenase is active as a tetramer. Two isoforms of lactate dehydrogenase, A and B, are widely expressed in human tissues, and all five tetramers - A4, A3B, A2B2, AB3, and B4 - are found. A third isoform, C, and its tetramer, C4, are found in testis.

UniProt:Q10179
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref10069
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence420
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11377399
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11276087
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3435492
comment: Cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible reaction of pyruvate and NADH + H+ to form lactate and NAD+. In the body under anaerobic conditions such as are found in red blood cells or rapidly exercising skeletal muscle, this reaction regenerates NAD+, allowing the continuation of glycolysis. Lactate dehydrogenase is active as a tetramer. Two isoforms of lactate dehydrogenase, A and B, are widely expressed in human tissues, and all five tetramers - A4, A3B, A2B2, AB3, and B4 - are found. A third isoform, C, and its tetramer, C4, are found in testis.

RelationshipXref550
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599205
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599205

RelationshipXref554
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003883
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref553
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599149
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599149

RelationshipXref552
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599064
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599064

RelationshipXref551
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0050145
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref557
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036175
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref558
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600329
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600329

RelationshipXref555
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599163
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599163

RelationshipXref556
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604116
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604116

RelationshipXref559
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004748
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

MPS IIID - Sanfilippo syndrome D
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 221526.2
evidence: Evidence809
xref: UnificationXref5790
xref: UnificationXref5789
pathway order: PathwayStep134
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence429
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1946331
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1052766
comment: Mitochondrial aconitase reversibly converts isocitrate to citrate via a cis-aconitate intermediate. Mitochondrial aconitase activity has been demonstrated in diverse human tissue extracts (Slaughter et al. 1975) and a protein homologous to the well-characterized porcine enzyme has been purified from human tissues (Baldwin et al. 1991).

Evidence427
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9809442
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9792662
comment: Mitochondrial citrate synthase dimer catalyzes the irreversible reaction of acetyl-CoA, water, and oxaloacetate to form citrate and coenzyme A. This reaction is the entry point of two-carbon units into the citric acid cycle. The reaction is subject to allosteric regulation. The gene encoding the human enzyme has been cloned (Goldenthal et al. 1998), but the enzyme has not been characterized in detail - its properties are inferred from those of the well-studied homologous pig enzyme (e.g., Morgunov and Srere 1998).

Evidence428
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1946331
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1052766
comment: Mitochondrial aconitase reversibly converts citrate to isocitrate via a cis-aconitate intermediate. Mitochondrial aconitase activity has been demonstrated in diverse human tissue extracts (Slaughter et al. 1975) and a protein homologous to the well-characterized porcine enzyme has been purified from human tissues (Baldwin et al. 1991).

Evidence435
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8200987
comment: Mitochondrial fumarate hydratase catalyzes the reversible reaction of fumarate and water to form malate, the seventh step of the TCA cycle (Bourgeron et al. 1994). Unpublished crystallographic data indicate that the protein is a tetramer (PDB 3E04).

Evidence434
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16143825
comment: The succinate dehydrogenase complex, associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane, catalyzes the dehydrogenation of succinate to fumarate, reducing the FAD cofactor bound to the enzyme. This redox potential is then used in the electron transfer chain to drive a proton motive force to generate ATP.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20042001
type: PublicationXref
id: 20042001
author: Wolf, George
db: Pubmed
title: Retinoic acid activation of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor delta represses obesity and insulin resistance
source: Nutr. Rev. 68:67-70
year: 2010

Evidence437
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16740313
comment: Mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible reaction of malate and NAD+ to form oxaloacetate and NADH + H+ (Luo et al. 2006). This reaction is highly endergonic but is pulled in the direction annotated here when the TCA cycle is operating. Unpublished crystallographic data indicate that the protein is a dimer (PDB 3E04).

PIP3
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: ChEBI:16618 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate
name: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate
xref: UnificationXref422

Evidence436
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8200987
comment: Mitochondrial fumarate hydratase catalyzes the reversible reaction of malate to form fumarate and water (Bourgeron et al. 1994). Unpublished crystallographic data indicate that the protein is a tetramer (PDB 3E04).

Evidence431
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14832224
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12207025
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18914071
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18806796
comment: Mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase IDH2 catalyzes the irreversible reaction of isocitrate and NADP+ to form alpha ketoglutarate, CO2, and NADPH + H+ (Hartong et al. 2008). The structure of the active human enzyme has not been determined experimentally, but is inferred to be a homodimer with one Mn++ bound to each subunit based on detailed studies of the homologous pig enzyme (Ceccarelli et al. 2002). NADP-specific IDH2 was the first isocitrate dehydrogenase isoenzyme to be characterized in biochemical studies of the mammalian TCA cycle (Ochoa 1948). Later work with yeast revealed the existence of both NADP-specific (IDH2-homologous) and NAD-specific (IDH3-homologous) enzymes and demonstrated the ADP-dependence of the latter (Kornberg and Pricer 1951), consistent with the now widely accepted view that IDH3 mediates the conversion of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate in the TCA cycle. The physiological function of IDH2 is thus unclear. The recent observation that individuals homozygous for IDH3 mutations that sharply reduce its activity do not show symptoms of deficient energy metabolism in most tissues raises the possibility that the IDH2 reaction may play an accessory role in the TCA cycle (Hartong et al. 2008).

Evidence430
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20435888
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17432878
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14555658
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16737955
comment: Mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase IDH3 catalyzes the irreversible reaction of isocitrate and NAD+ to form alpha ketoglutarate, CO2, and NADH + H+. The enzyme is a heteromer containing four polypeptide chains, two IDH3A, one IDH3B, and one IDH3G, and two Mn++ (Dange and Colman 2010). It is activated by ADP (Soundar et al. 2003, 2006; Bzymek and Colman 2007). This is the first of four oxidation reactions in the citric acid cycle, and the first decarboxylation.

Evidence433
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9765290
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10727444
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9765291
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13181903
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15877282
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15234968
comment: Mitochondrial succinate CoA ligase (ADP-forming) catalyzes the reversible conversion of succinyl CoA to succinate plus Coenzyme A, coupled to the conversion of ADP and orthophosphate to ATP. The enzyme is a heterodimer containing SUCLG1 and SUCLA2 monomers. The enzyme catalyzing the reaction in vertebrates is a heterodimer that occurs in two isoforms. The enzymes have been purified from pigeon and rat tissue and characterized in detail. Both isoforms, an alpha:betaA heterodimer and an alpha:betaG heterodimer, catalyze the reversible conversion of succinyl CoA to succinate plus Coenzyme A. The alpha:betaA heterodimer couples this conversion to the synthesis of ATP from ADP and orthophosphate, while the alpha:betaG heterodimer couples it to the synthesis of GTP from GDP and orthophosphate (Johnson et al. 1998a,b; Lambeth et al. 2004). Consistent with these results in model systems, patients homozygous for a mutant allele of the gene encoding the ADP enzyme beta subunit, SUCLA2, are deficient in succinyl CoA ligase activity (Elpeleg et al. 2005). Both isoforms are found in vivo, and appear to be expressed at different levels in various tissues. Their relative contributions to the flux of carbon atoms through the TCA cycle are unknown. Genetic and biochemical data suggest that the alpha:betaA isoform may be required to catalyze the reverse reaction, conversion of succinate, Coenzyme A, and ATP to succinyl CoA, ADP, and orthophosphate for heme biosynthesis (Furuyama and Sassa 2000).

Evidence432
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11752427
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2188967
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9727038
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15946682
comment: The mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the reaction of alpha-ketoglutarate, CoASH, and NAD+ to form succinyl-CoA, CO2, and NADH. The enzyme complex contains multiple copies of three different proteins, E1 (OGDH), E2 (DLST), and E3 (DLD), each with distinct catalytic activities (Reed and Hackert 1990; Zhou et al 2001). The reaction starts with the oxidative decarboxylation of alpha ketoglutarate catalyzed by E1alpha and beta (alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase). Lipoamide cofactor associated with E1 is reduced at the same time. Next, the succinyl group derived from alpha ketoglutarate is transferred to coenzyme A in two steps catalyzed E2 (dihydrolipolyl transacetylase). Finally, the oxidized form of lipoamide is regenerated and electrons are transferred to NAD+ in two steps catalyzed by E3 (dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase). The biochemical details of this reaction have been worked out with alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and subunits purified from bovine tissue (McCartney et al. 1998). While all of the human proteins are known as predicted protein products of cloned genes, direct experimental evidence for their functions is available only for E3 (DLD) (Brautigam et al. 2005).

RelationshipXref561
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015038
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10185
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2720
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref560
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600349
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600349

RelationshipXref563
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004362
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref562
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600333
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600333

RelationshipXref565
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004550
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref564
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598193
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598193

RelationshipXref566
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604074
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604074

RelationshipXref567
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604111
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604111

RelationshipXref568
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015949
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref569
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036220
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Evidence438
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6773467
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16747180
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16746585
comment: In the citric acid or tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, the acetyl group of acetyl CoA (derived primarily from oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, and catabolism of ketone bodies and several amino acids) can be completely oxidized to CO2 in reactions that also yield one high-energy phosphate bond (as GTP or ATP) and four reducing equivalents (three NADH + H+, and one FADH2). The NADH and FADH2 are then oxidized by the electron transport chain to yield nine more high-energy phosphate bonds (as ATP). All reactions of the citric acid cycle take place in the mitochondrion. Eight canonical reactions mediate the synthesis of citrate from acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate and the metabolism of citrate to re-form oxaloacetate. Six additional reactions are included here. Three reversible reactions, the interconversions of citrate and isocitrate, of fumarate and malate, and of malate and oxaloacetate are annotated in both their canonical (forward) and reverse directions. The synthesis of succinate from succinyl-CoA can be coupled to the phosphorylation of either GDP (the canonical reaction) or ADP; both reactions are annotated. Two mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase isozymes catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to form alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate): IDH3 catalyzes the canonical reaction coupled to the reduction of NAD+, while IDH2 catalyzes the same reaction coupled to reduction of NADP+, a reaction whose normal physiological function is unclear. Both reactions are annotated. Finally, a reaction is annotated in which reducing equivalents are transferred from NADPH to NAD+ coupled to proton import across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The cyclical nature of the reactions responsible for the oxidation of acetate was first suggested by Hans Krebs, from biochemical studies of pigeon breast muscle (Krebs et al. 1938; Krebs and Eggleston 1940). Many of the molecular details of individual reactions were worked out by…

Evidence439
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15070399
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16435184
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7564244
comment: D2HDGH associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane catalyzes the FAD-dependent reaction of (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate to form 2-oxoglutarate (Achouri et al. 2004). D2HDGH mutations are associated with high levels of (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate in vivo and variable neurological symptoms (Struys et al. 2005; Wanders and Mooyer 1995)).

Evidence444
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8682198
comment: This event is deduced on the basis of bovine experimental data. Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) transfers electrons from the TCA cycle to ubiquinone. The 6th step in the TCA cycle is where succinate is dehydrogenated to fumarate with subsequent reduction of FAD to FADH2. FADH2 provides the electrons for the transport chain. Succinate dehydrogenase belongs to subclass 1 of the SQR family (succinate:quinone reductase) (classified by Hagerhall, C and Hederstedt, L [1996]). It consists of 4 subunits (referred to as A, B, C and D), all nuclear-encoded and is located on the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Subunits A and B are hydrophilic whereas subunits C and D are integral proteins of the inner membrane. SQRs usually contain 3 Fe-S clusters bound by the B subunit. Succinate dehydrogenase contains one [2Fe-2S] cluster, one [4Fe-4S] cluster and one [3Fe-4S] cluster. Additionally, the A subunit has a covalently-bound FAD group. Reduced complex II has this FAD converted to FADH2. The electrons from complex II are transferred to ubiquinone (also called Q, Coenzyme Q or CoQ), a small mobile carrier of electrons located within the inner membrane. Ubiquinone is reduced to ubiquinol during this process.

Evidence443
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Pyruvate metabolism and the citric acid (TCA) cycle together link the processes of energy metabolism in a human cell with one another and with key biosynthetic reactions. Pyruvate, derived from the reversible oxidation of lactate or transamination of alanine, can be converted to acetyl CoA. Other sources of acetyl CoA include breakdown of free fatty acids and ketone bodies in the fasting state. Acetyl CoA can enter the citric acid cycle, a major source of reducing equivalents used to synthesize ATP, or enter biosynthetic pathways. In addition to its role in energy generation, the citric acid cycle is a source of carbon skeletons for amino acid metabolism and other biosynthetic processes. One such process included here is the interconversion of 2-hydroxyglutarate, probably derived from porphyrin and amino acid metabolism, and 2-oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate), a citric acid cycle intermediate.

UniProt:Q10157
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref24
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence442
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16601864
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772396
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19935646
comment: The two stereoisomers of 2-hydroxyglutarate are normally converted to 2-oxoglutarate in the mitochondrial matrix, and can then be metabolized by the citric acid cycle. The physiological sources of 2-hydroxyglutarate have not been established although plausible hypotheses are that it is generated by lysine breakdown or as a byproduct of delta-aminolevulinate metabolism. The stereoisomers are oxidized to 2-oxoglutarate in FAD-dependent reactions catalyzed by the enzymes D2HGDH (specific for R(-)-2-hydroxyglutarate) and L2HGDH (specific for S(-)-2-hydroxyglutarate). An inherited deficiency in either enzyme is associated with accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate and variable neurological symptoms. R(-)-2-hydroxyglutarate also reacts reversibly with succinate semialdehyde to form 4-hydroxybutyrate and 2-oxoglutarate, catalyzed by ADHFE1. No deficiencies of this enzyme have been found in patients with elevated 2-hydroxyglutarate levels (Struys 2006).

Evidence441
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16435184
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3182820
comment: ADHFE1 catalyzes the reversible reaction of 2-oxoglutarate and 4-hydroxybutyrate to form (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate and succinate semialdehyde (Struys et al. 2005). The localization of human ADHFE1 to the mitochondrial matrix is inferred from the location determined experimentally for its rat homolog (Kaufman et al. 1988).

UniProt:Q10159
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8039
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence448
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Oxidation of fatty acids and pyruvate in the mitochondrial matrix yield large amounts of NADH. The respiratory electron transport chain couples the re-oxidation of this NADH to NAD+ to the export of protons from the mitochonrial matrix, generating a chemiosmotic gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient is used to drive the synthesis of ATP; it can also be bypassed by uncoupling proteins to generate heat, a reaction in brown fat that may be important in regulation of body temperature in newborn children.

Evidence447
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref813
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2862839
xref: PublicationXref815
xref: PublicationXref814
xref: PublicationXref809
xref: PublicationXref811
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10647174
comment: Mitochondria are often described as the "powerhouse" of a cell as it is here that energy is largely released from the oxidation of food. Reducing equivalents generated from beta-oxidation of fatty acids and from the Krebs cycle enter the electron transport chain (also called the respiratory chain). During a series of redox reactions, electrons travel down the chain releasing their energy in controlled steps. These reactions drive the active transport of H+ ions from the mitochondrial matrix , through the inner membrane to the intermembrane space. The respiratory chain consists of five main types of carrier; flavins, iron-sulfur centres, quinones, cytochromes (heme proteins) and copper. The two main reducing equivalents entering the respiratory chain are NADH and FADH2. NADH is linked through the NADH-specific dehydrogenase whereas FADH2 is reoxidised within succinate dehydrogenase and a ubiquinone reductase of the fatty acid oxidation pathway. Oxygen is the final acceptor of electrons and with H+ ions, is converted to form water, the end product of aerobic cellular respiration. A proton electrochemical gradient (often called protonmotive force) is established across the inner membrane, with positive charge in the intermembrane space relative to the matrix. Protons driven by the proton-motive force, can enter ATP synthase thus returning to the mitochondrial matrix. ATP synthases use this exergonic flow to form ATP in the matrix, a process called chemiosmotic coupling. A by-product of this process is heat generation. An antiport, ATP-ADP translocase, preferentially exports ATP from the matrix thereby maintaining a high ADP:ATP ratio in the matrix. The tight coupling of electron flow to ATP synthesis means oxygen consumption is dependent on ADP availability (termed respiratory control). High ADP (low ATP) increases electron flow thereby increasing oxygen consumption and low ADP (high ATP) decreases electron flow and thereby decreases oxygen consumption. There are many …

Evidence446
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF-QO), catalyzes the re-oxidation of reduced ETF, with ubiquinone as the electron acceptor.

Evidence445
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Electron transfer flavoprotein, ETF, a 63kDa heterodimer composed of alpha and beta subunit, binds one FAD and one AMP per dimer. ETF resides on the matrix face of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Reducing equivalents from the beta-oxidation of fatty acyl CoAs are transferred to ETF, reducing the ETF-bound FAD to FADH2.

RelationshipXref576
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5606064
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606064

RelationshipXref575
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047631
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Transport of nucleotide sugars
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction90
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction624
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction623
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction626
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction625
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction628
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction627
evidence: Evidence936
xref: UnificationXref6489
xref: UnificationXref6488
pathway order: PathwayStep923
pathway order: PathwayStep924
pathway order: PathwayStep128
pathway order: PathwayStep927
pathway order: PathwayStep928
pathway order: PathwayStep925
pathway order: PathwayStep926
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref574
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5606171
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606171

RelationshipXref573
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036222
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Evidence440
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16435184
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3182820
comment: ADHFE1 catalyzes the reversible reaction of (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate and succinate semialdehyde to form 2-oxoglutarate and 4-hydroxybutyrate (Struys et al. 2005). The localization of human ADHFE1 to the mitochondrial matrix is inferred from the location determined experimentally for its rat homolog (Kaufman et al. 1988).

RelationshipXref572
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5606174
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606174

RelationshipXref571
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0035870
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10153
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2358
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref570
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5606168
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606168

RelationshipXref579
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015229
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17851529
type: PublicationXref
id: 17851529
author: Issaeva, Irina
author: Chen, Shuzhen
author: Shi, Yang
author: Roberts, Thomas M
author: Rinn, John L
author: Canaani, Eli
author: Iwase, Shigeki
author: Bayliss, Peter E
author: Lan, Fei
author: Wang, Jordon K
author: Alpatov, Roman
author: Chang, HY
author: Whetstine, Johnathan R
db: Pubmed
title: A histone H3 lysine 27 demethylase regulates animal posterior development
source: Nature 449:689-94
year: 2007

RelationshipXref577
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0034656
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref578
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0055086
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

Evidence449
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: The metabolism of pyruvate provides one source of acetyl-CoA which enters the citric acid (TCA, tricarboxylic acid) cycle to generate energy and the reducing equivalent NADH. These reducing equivalents are re-oxidized back to NAD+ in the electron transport chain (ETC), coupling this process with the export of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The chemiosmotic gradient created is used to drive ATP synthesis.

Evidence453
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18388293
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11381136
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2147474
comment: The synthesis of cytosolic 5-phosphoribosylglycinamide from 5-phosphoribosylamine and glycine, accompanied by the conversion of ATP to ADP and orthophosphate, is catalyzed by the phosphoribosylglycinamide synthetase domain of the trifunctional protein, "phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, phosphoribosylglycinamide synthetase, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase" (GART) (Aimi et al. 1990). The active form of the protein is cytosolic (Gooljarsingh et al. 2001; An et al. 2008).

Evidence452
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4348202
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4726295
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18388293
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8380692
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/762062
comment: Cytosolic PPAT (phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase) catalyzes the reaction of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP), water, and L-glutamine to form 5-phosphoribosylamine, L-glutamate, and pyrophosphate. This event is the committed step in de novo purine synthesis. The reaction itself is reversible, but it is pulled strongly in the direction of 5'-phosphoribosylamine synthesis by the irreversible hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate that is also formed in the reaction. Fluoresence microscopy studies of cultured human cells have shown that PPAT is cytosolic and suggest that it may co-localize with other enzymes of de novo IMP biosynthesis under some metabolic conditions (An et al. 2008). The PPAT enzyme is inferred to be an iron-sulfur protein, like its well-characterized B. subtilis homologue, because incubation of purified enzyme with molecular oxygen or chelating agents inactivates it, and activity can be restored by incubation with ferrous iron and inorganic sulfide. The stoichiometry of the iron-sulfur moiety and its role in enzyme activity remain unknown (Itakura and Holmes 1979). The fully active form of the enzyme is a dimer, which can associate further to form a tetramer with sharply reduced activity (Holmes et al. 1973b; Iwahana et al. 1993). Interaction of the enzyme with inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP), guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP), and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), end products of de novo purine biosynthesis, favors tetramer formation, while interaction with 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP), a required substrate, favors formation of the active dimer. Kinetic studies suggest that the enzyme's binding site for GMP and IMP is separate from its AMP binding site (Holmes et al. 1973a).

Evidence455
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18388293
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8110788
comment: The irreversible transfer of an amino group from L-glutamine to 5'-phosphoribosylformylglycinamide (FGAR), forming 5'-phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine (FGAM) and glutamate, accompanied by the conversion of ATP to ADP and orthophosphate, is catalyzed by phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthetase. The human enzyme has been purified and characterized biochemically (Barnes et al. 1994). Fluoresence microscopy studies of cultured human cells have shown that the enzyme is cytosolic and suggest that it may co-localize with other enzymes of de novo IMP biosynthesis under some metabolic conditions (An et al. 2008).

Evidence454
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18388293
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12450384
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11381136
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2147474
comment: The irreversible transfer of a formyl group to cytosolic 5-phosphoribosylglycinamide (GAR) to form 5'-phosphoribosylformylglycinamide (FGAR) is catalyzed by the phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase domain of the trifunctional protein, "phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, phosphoribosylglycinamide synthetase, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase" (GART) (Aimi et al. 1990; Zhang et al. 2002). Fluoresence microscopy studies of cultured human cells have shown that GART is cytosolic and suggest that it may co-localize with other enzymes of de novo IMP biosynthesis under some metabolic conditions (Gooljarsingh et al. 2001; An et al. 2008).

Evidence457
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18388293
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8366112
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10958654
comment: The reversible conversion of 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole-4-N-succinocarboxamide (SAICAR) to 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR) and fumarate is catalyzed by adenylosuccinate lyase. The active form of this enzyme is a cytosolic tetramer (Stone et al. 1993), and fluoresence microscopy of cultured human cells suggests that it may associate with other enzymes of de novo IMP biosynthesis under some metabolic conditions (An et al. 2008). The enzyme also catalyzes the conversion of adenylosuccinate to adenosine 5'-monophosphate and fumarate. Humans lacking the enzyme accumulate dephosphorylated forms of both substrates, indicating that the enzyme mediates both reactions in vivo as well (Race et al. 2000).

Evidence456
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18388293
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11381136
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2147474
comment: The irreversible synthesis of cytosolic 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole (AIR) from 5'-phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine (FGAM), accompanied by the conversion of ATP to ADP and orthophosphate, is catalyzed by the phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase domain of the trifunctional protein, "phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, phosphoribosylglycinamide synthetase, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase" (GART) (Aimi et al. 1990). The active form of the protein is cytosolic and may co-localize with other enzymes of de novo IMP biosynthesis under some metabolic conditions (Gooljarsingh et al. 2001; An et al. 2008).

Evidence459
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18388293
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8567683
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11096114
comment: The reversible synthesis of inosine 5'-monophosphate from 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-formaminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (FAICAR) is catalyzed by the IMP cyclohydrolase activity of the bifunctional 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase enzyme. This cytosolic protein occurs primarily as a dimer (Rayl et al. 1996; Vergis et al. 2001) and may further associate with other enzymes of de novo IMP biosynthesis under some metabolic conditions (An et al. 2008).

Evidence458
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18388293
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8567683
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11096114
comment: The irreversible transfer of a formyl group to 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR), to yield 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-formaminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (FAICAR), is catalyzed by the phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase activity of the bifunctional 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase enzyme. This cytosolic protein occurs primarily as a dimer (Rayl et al. 1996; Vergis et al. 2001) and may further associate with other enzymes of de novo IMP biosynthesis under some metabolic conditions (An et al. 2008).

RelationshipXref585
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601826
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601826

RelationshipXref584
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008531
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref587
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601812
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601812

RelationshipXref586
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003919
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10164
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref7883
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref581
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004033
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref580
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601999
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601999

Evidence451
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4348202
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4726295
comment: PRPP stimulates the dissociation of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase tetramers to form dimers (Holmes et al. 1973a,b).

RelationshipXref583
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0019852
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UniProt:Q10163
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9962
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence450
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4348202
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4726295
comment: Cytosolic AMP, GMP, and IMP stimulate the association of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPAT) dimers to form tetramers (Holmes et al. 1973a,b).

RelationshipXref582
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601991
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601991

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10522552
type: PublicationXref
id: 10522552
author: Ponka, P
db: Pubmed
title: Cell biology of heme
source: Am J Med Sci 318:241-56
year: 1999

RelationshipXref588
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004551
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref589
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601819
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601819

Acyl chain remodelling of PC
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: 2-acyl LPC is acylated to PC by LPCAT
pathway component: 1-acyl LPC is acylated to PC by LPCAT
evidence: Evidence274
xref: RelationshipXref284
xref: UnificationXref2321
xref: UnificationXref2320
pathway order: PathwayStep270
pathway order: PathwayStep269
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16116451
type: PublicationXref
id: 16116451
author: Szabó, SI
author: Makara, JK
author: Fegley, D
author: Freund, TF
author: Tontini, A
author: Duranti, A
author: Mor, M
author: Astarita, G
author: Piomelli, D
author: Rivara, S
author: Tarzia, G
author: Kathuria, S
db: Pubmed
title: Selective inhibition of 2-AG hydrolysis enhances endocannabinoid signaling in hippocampus
source: Nat Neurosci 8:1139-41
year: 2005

RelationshipXref593
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004595
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref594
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601804
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601804

UniProt:Q10132
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1941
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref591
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004632
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref592
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601798
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601798

RelationshipXref597
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015291
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12949583
type: PublicationXref
id: 12949583
author: van den Bosch, M
author: Lowndes, NF
author: Bree, RT
db: Pubmed
title: The MRN complex: coordinating and mediating the response to broken chromosomes.
source: EMBO Rep 4:844-9
year: 2003

RelationshipXref598
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602005
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602005

RelationshipXref595
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004140
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref596
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601806
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601806

RelationshipXref590
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006771
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10373413
type: PublicationXref
id: 10373413
author: Denu, J M
author: Berger, S L
author: Tanner, K G
author: Marmorstein, R
author: Kuo, M H
author: Trievel, R C
author: Allis, C D
author: Howard, R M
db: Pubmed
title: Catalytic mechanism and function of invariant glutamic acid 173 from the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 transcriptional coactivator
source: J. Biol. Chem. 274:18157-60
year: 1999

RelationshipXref599
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0009108
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2995393
type: PublicationXref
id: 2995393
author: Fitzpatrick, F
author: McGee, J
db: Pubmed
title: Enzymatic hydration of leukotriene A4. Purification and characterization of a novel epoxide hydrolase from human erythrocytes
source: J Biol Chem 260:12832-7
year: 1985

UniProt:Q10149
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref7174
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10147
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9225
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

CHEBI:60640 [ChEBI:60640]
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: CHEBI:60640
xref: UnificationXref9646

UniProt:Q9C0Y9
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref4710
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q9C0Y6
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2688
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10110
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8695
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence400
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'citrate lyase monomer' is present. This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus'.

UniProt:Q9C0Y4
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref874
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence403
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15664996
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12110366
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15496471
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15118080
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11698644
comment: ChREBP (Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein) is a large multidomain protein containing a nuclear localization signal near its amino terminus, polyproline domains, a basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper domain, and a leucine-zipper-like domain (Uyeda et al., 2002). Its dephosphorylation in response to molecular signals associated with the well-fed state allows it to enter the nucleus, interact with MLX protein, and bind to ChRE DNA sequence motifs near Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, Fatty acid synthase, and Pyruvate kinase (L isoform) genes (Ishi et al.2004). This sequence of events is outlined schematically in the picture below (adapted from Kawaguchi et al. (2001) - copyright (2001) National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.).

Evidence404
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15509864
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12684532
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12721358
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12626323
comment: Many hormones that affect individual physiological processes including the regulation of appetite, absorption, transport, and oxidation of foodstuffs influence energy metabolism pathways. While insulin mediates the storage of excess nutrients, glucagon is involved in the mobilization of energy resources in response to low blood glucose levels, principally by stimulating hepatic glucose output. Small doses of glucagon are sufficient to induce significant glucose elevations. These hormone-driven regulatory pathways enable the body to sense and respond to changed amounts of nutrients in the blood and demands for energy. Glucagon and Insulin act through various metabolites and enzymes that target specific steps in metabolic pathways for sugar and fatty acids. The processes responsible for the long-term control of fat synthesis and short term control of glycolysis by key metabolic products and enzymes are annotated in this module as six specific pathways: Pathway 1. Glucagon signalling in metabolic pathways: In response to low blood glucose, pancreatic alpha-cells release glucagon. The binding of glucagon to its receptor results in increased cAMP synthesis, and Protein Kinase A (PKA) activation. Pathway 2. PKA mediated phosphorylation:PKA phosphorylates key enzymes, e.g., 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase /Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PF2K-Pase) at serine 36, and regulatory proteins, e.g., Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein (ChREBP) at serine 196 and threonine 666. Insulin mediated responses to high blood glucose will be annotated in future versions of Reactome. In brief, the binding of insulin to its receptor leads to increased protein phosphatase activity and to hydrolysis of cAMP by cAMP phosphodiesterase. These events counteract the regulatory effects of glucagon. Pathway 3: Insulin stimulates increased synthesis of Xylulose-5-phosphate (Xy-5-P). Activation of the insulin receptor results indirectly in increased Xy-5-P synthesis from Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and …

Evidence401
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 ' is present. This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus'.

Evidence402
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of '1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alpha ' is present. This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus'.

Evidence408
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15476407
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19583767
comment: The cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) ensures endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) couples electron transfer to L-arginine oxidation (Berka et al. 2004). During catalysis, electrons derived from NADPH transfer to the flavins FAD and FMN in the reductase domain of eNOS and then on to the ferric heme in the oxygenase domain of eNOS. BH4 can donate an electron to intermediates in this electron transfer and is oxidised in the process, forming the BH3 radical. This radical can be reduced back to BH4 by iron, completing the cycle and forming ferrous iron again. Heme reduction enables O2 binding and L-arginine oxidation to occur within the oxygenase domain (Stuehr et al. 2009).

Evidence407
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10469573
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10376602
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10376603
comment: HSP90 serves as a scaffold to promote productive interaction between AKT1 and eNOS. Due to the proximity of these proteins once complexed with HSP90, AKT1 phosphorylates eNOS at Ser1177. When Ser1177 is phosphorylated, the level of NO production is elevated two- to three-fold above basal level.

Evidence406
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11208594
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16722822
comment: Palymitoylated, myristoylated eNOS forms a dimer and is transported from the Golgi to the plasma membrane. Transport is thought to be mediated by intracellular vesicles, but the details remain unknown.

Evidence405
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7512951
comment: A glycine residue (Gly2) at the N-terminus of eNOS is myristoylated, providing membrane localization.

Evidence409
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8782602
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7526779
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9173876
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15467163
comment: Nitric oxide (NO) is produced from L-arginine by the family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) enzymes, forming the free radical NO and citrulline as byproduct. The cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential requirement for the delivery of an electron to the intermediate in the catalytic cycle of NOS.

UniProt:Q9C0Z9
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8724
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q9C0Z7
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref252
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence410
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11879202
comment: BH2 may compete with BH4 to bind eNOS, uncoupling eNOS leading to the formation of superoxide rather than nitric oxide. BH2, the oxidised form of BH4, cannot contribute electrons to heme in the reductase domain of eNOS, thereby uncoupling it from arginine oxidation and producing superoxide from oxygen instead (Vasquez-Vivar et al. 2002).

Evidence411
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10551886
comment: Increases in intracellular calcium and calmodulin stimulate depalmitoylation of eNOS by acyl protein thioesterase 1, which displaces eNOS from the membrane. This might be a mechanism to downregulate NO production following intense stimuli.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11278486
type: PublicationXref
id: 11278486
author: Chong, C
author: Tan, L
author: Lim, L
author: Manser, E
db: Pubmed
title: The mechanism of PAK activation. Autophosphorylation events in both regulatory and kinase domains control activity
source: J Biol Chem 276:17347-53
year: 2001

Evidence412
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10559837
comment: Once depalmitoylated, it's proposed that eNOS is displaced from the plasma membrane and redistributed to other intracellular membranes, including the Golgi, where re-palmitoylation occurs. The mechanism of transport from the plasma membrane is still unknown.

Evidence413
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12482742
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10551886
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11208594
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16722822
comment: eNOS activity is regulated by numerous post-translational modifications including phosphorylation and acylation, which also modulate its interactions with other proteins and its subcellular localization. In general, following myristoylation and palmitoylation, eNOS localizes to caveolae in the plasma membrane, where in resting cells, it is bound to caveolin and remains inactive. Several agonists that raise intracellular calcium concentrations promote calmodulin binding to eNOS and the dissociation of caveolin from the enzyme, leading to an activated eNOS-calmodulin complex. Phosphorylation plays a significant role in regulating eNOS activity, especially the phosphorylation of Ser1177, located within the reductase domain, which increases enzyme activity by enhancing reductase activity and calcium sensitivity. In unstimulated, cultured endothelial cells, Ser1177 is rapidly phosphorylated following a variety of stimuli: fluid shear stress, insulin, estrogen, VEGF, or bradykinin. The kinases involved in this process depend upon the stimuli applied. For instance, shear stress phosphorylates Ser1177 by activating Akt and PKA; insulin activates both Akt and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); estrogen and VEGF mainly phosphorylate eNOS via Akt; whereas the bradykinin-induced phosphorylation of Ser1177 is mediated by CaMKII. When Ser1177 is phosphorylated, NO production is increased several-fold above basal levels. The phosphorylation of a threonine residue (Thr 495), located in the CaM binding domain, is associated with a decrease in eNOS activity. When this residue is dephosphorylated, substantially more CaM binds to eNOS and elevates enzyme activity. Stimuli associated with dephosphorylation of Thr495 (e.g., bradykinin, histamine, and Ca2+ ionophores) also increase Ca2+ levels resulting in the phosphorylation of Ser1177. Additional phosphorylation sites, such as Ser114 and Ser633, and tyrosine phosphorylation have all been detected, but their functional relevance re…

Evidence414
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8068008
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7663943
comment: The first and rate-limiting enzyme in tetrahydrobiopterin de novo biosynthesis is GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH1, GTPCHI). Three different isoforms are produced but only isoform 1 is functionally active (Gütlich et al. 1994). GCH1 is functional as a homodecamer. First, a monomer of GCH1 forms a dimer. Then five dimers arrange into a ring-like structure to form the homodecamer (Nar et al. 1995).

Evidence415
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11879202
comment: The oxidation product of BH4, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin (BH2), can compete with BH4 for binding to eNOS. This can lead to the uncoupling of eNOS and can result in the formation of reactive oxygen species (Vasquez-Vivar et al. 2002).

CHEBI:60629 [ChEBI:60629]
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: CHEBI:60629
xref: UnificationXref9634

Evidence417
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17555404
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21550412
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18321209
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10727395
comment: Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential co-factor for the aromatic amino acid hydroxylases and glycerol ether monooxygenase and it regulates nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. Inherited BH4 deficiency leads to hyperphenylalaninemia, and dopamine and neurotransmitter deficiency in the brain. BH4 maintains enzymatic coupling to L-arginine oxidation to produce NO. Oxidation of BH4 to BH2 results in NOS uncoupling, resulting in superoxide (O2.-) formation rather than NO. Superoxide rapidly reacts with NO to produce peroxynitrite which can further uncouple NOS. These reactive oxygen species (superoxide and peroxynitrite) can contribute to increased oxidative stress in the endothelium leading to atherosclerosis and hypertension (Thony et al. 2000, Crabtree and Channon 2011,Schulz et al. 2008, Schmidt and Alp 2007). The synthesis, recycling and effects of BH4 are shown here. Three enzymes are required for the de novo biosynthesis of BH4 and two enzymes for the recycling of BH4.

CHEBI:60628
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: CHEBI:60628 [ChEBI:60628]
xref: UnificationXref9623

Evidence416
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19666465
comment: In the second salvage step, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) can regenerate BH4 from BH2, a process which increases the BH4:BH2 ratio providing BH4 for coupled eNOS production of NO. In mice cell lines, DHFR inhibition or knockdown diminishes the BH4:BH2 ratio and exacerbates eNOS uncoupling (Crabtree et al. 2009).

UniProt:Q10119
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9085
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

CHEBI:60627
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: CHEBI:60627 [ChEBI:60627]
xref: UnificationXref9640

Evidence419
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17237348
comment: Nitric oxide (NO), a multifunctional second messenger, is implicated in physiological functions in mammals that range from immune response and potentiation of synaptic transmission to dilation of blood vessels and muscle relaxation. NO is a highly active molecule that diffuses across cell membranes and cannot be stored inside the producing cell. Its signaling capacity must be controlled at the levels of biosynthesis and local availability. Indeed, NO production by NO synthases is under complex and tight control, being regulated at transcriptional and translational levels, through co- and posttranslational modifications, and by subcellular localization. NO is synthesized from L-arginine by a family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Three NOS isoforms have been characterized: neuronal NOS (nNOS, NOS1) primarily found in neuronal tissue and skeletal muscle; inducible NOS (iNOS, NOS2) originally isolated from macrophages and later discovered in many other cells types; and endothelial NOS (eNOS, NOS3) present in vascular endothelial cells, cardiac myocytes, and in blood platelets. The enzymatic activity of all three isoforms is dependent on calmodulin, which binds to nNOS and eNOS at elevated intracellular calcium levels, while it is tightly associated with iNOS even at basal calcium levels. As a result, the enzymatic activity of nNOS and eNOS is modulated by changes in intracellular calcium levels, leading to transient NO production, while iNOS continuously releases NO independent of fluctuations in intracellular calcium levels and is mainly regulated at the gene expression level (Pacher et al. 2007). The NOS enzymes share a common basic structural organization and requirement for substrate cofactors for enzymatic activity. A central calmodulin-binding motif separates an oxygenase (NH2-terminal) domain from a reductase (COOH-terminal) domain. Binding sites for cofactors NADPH, FAD, and FMN are located within the reductase domain, while binding sites for tetrahydrobiopter…

Evidence418
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12842859
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16722822
comment: Originally identified as endothelium-derived relaxing factor, eNOS derived NO is a critical signaling molecule in vascular homeostasis. It regulates blood pressure and vascular tone, and is involved in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, platelet aggregation, and leukocyte adhesion. Loss of the bioavailability of endothelium derived NO is a key feature of endothelial dysfunction and is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. The endothelial isoform eNOS is unique among the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family in that it is co-translationally modified at its amino terminus by myristoylation and is further acylated by palmitoylation (two residues next to the myristoylation site). These modifications target eNOS to the plasma membrane caveolae and lipid rafts. eNOS activation and subsequent nitric oxide (NO) production is stimulated by a variety of stimuli, such as fluid shear stress generated by blood flow, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bradykinin, estrogen, insulin, and angiopoietin. The activity of eNOS is further regulated by numerous post-translational modifications, including protein-protein interactions, phosphorylation, and subcellular localization. Following activation, eNOS shuttles between caveolae and other subcellular compartments such as the noncaveolar plasma membrane portions, Golgi apparatus, and perinuclear structures. This subcellular distribution is variable depending upon cell type and mode of activation. Subcellular localization of eNOS has a profound effect on its ability to produce NO as the availability of its substrates and cofactors will vary with location. eNOS is primarily particulate, and depending on the cell type, eNOS can be found in several membrane compartments: plasma membrane caveolae, lipid rafts, and intracellular membranes such as the Golgi complex. In addition, it has been reported that eNOS can also be detected in the nucleus, however, the conditions a…

PPi
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: PPi [ChEBI:29888]
xref: UnificationXref1224

UnificationXref8524
type: UnificationXref
id: O94424
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8523
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598266
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598266

UnificationXref8526
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598321
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598321

UnificationXref8525
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598320
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598320

UnificationXref8520
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598265
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598265

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15585754
type: PublicationXref
id: 15585754
author: Hicklin, DJ
author: Ellis, LM
db: Pubmed
title: Role of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in tumor growth and angiogenesis
source: J Clin Oncol 23:1011-27
year: 2005

UnificationXref8522
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598261
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598261

UnificationXref8521
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P383
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11208594
type: PublicationXref
id: 11208594
author: Rabelink, TJ
author: Govers, R
db: Pubmed
title: Cellular regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase
source: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 280:F193-206
year: 2001

Cori Cycle (interconversion of glucose and lactate)
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction289
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction288
pathway component: REACT 234505.1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction291
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction290
evidence: Evidence426
xref: RelationshipXref442
xref: UnificationXref3266
xref: UnificationXref3265
pathway order: PathwayStep419
pathway order: PathwayStep418
pathway order: PathwayStep417
pathway order: PathwayStep416
pathway order: PathwayStep421
display name: Pyruvate metabolism
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12016139
type: PublicationXref
id: 12016139
author: Jackson, SP
db: Pubmed
title: Sensing and repairing DNA double-strand breaks
source: Carcinogenesis 23:687-96
year: 2002

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12123609
type: PublicationXref
id: 12123609
author: Snider, WD
author: Zhong, J
author: Markus, A
db: Pubmed
title: Raf and akt mediate distinct aspects of sensory axon growth
source: Neuron 35:65-76
year: 2002

UnificationXref8527
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598271
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598271

UnificationXref8528
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600455
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600455

UnificationXref8529
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P376
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10958673
type: PublicationXref
id: 10958673
author: Yoshida, H
author: Haze, K
author: Yura, T
author: Yanagi, H
author: Mori, K
author: Okada, T
author: Negishi, M
db: Pubmed
title: ATF6 activated by proteolysis binds in the presence of NF-Y (CBF) directly to the cis-acting element responsible for the mammalian unfolded protein response
source: Mol Cell Biol 20:6755-67
year: 2000

UnificationXref8515
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600468
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600468

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
type: PublicationXref
id: 18772128
author: Riekhof, WR
author: Voelker, DR
author: Gijon, MA
author: Zarini, S
author: Murphy, RC
db: Pubmed
title: Lysophospholipid acyltransferases and arachidonate recycling in human neutrophils
source: J Biol Chem 283:30235-45
year: 2008

UnificationXref8514
type: UnificationXref
id: O94267
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8513
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600464
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600464

UnificationXref8512
type: UnificationXref
id: O94529
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8511
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_223732
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_223732.2

UnificationXref8510
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600480
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600480

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19935646
type: PublicationXref
id: 19935646
author: Jang, HG
author: Dang, L
author: Keenan, MC
author: Vander Heiden, MG
author: Bennett, BD
author: Rabinowitz, JD
author: Driggers, EM
author: Gross, S
author: Ward, PS
author: Fantin, VR
author: Thompson, CB
author: Cantley, LC
author: Marks, KM
author: White, DW
author: Bittinger, MA
author: Prins, RM
author: Su, SM
author: Yen, KE
author: Liau, LM
author: Jin, S
db: Pubmed
title: Cancer-associated IDH1 mutations produce 2-hydroxyglutarate
source: Nature 462:739-44
year: 2009

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10393322
type: PublicationXref
id: 10393322
author: Yoshioka, S
author: Ishida, N
author: Takeuchi, M
author: Chiba, Y
author: Kawakita, M
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular cloning and functional expression of the human Golgi UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporter
source: J Biochem 126:68-77
year: 1999

UnificationXref8518
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_209202
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_209202.2

UnificationXref8519
type: UnificationXref
id: O14253
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8516
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600469
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600469

UnificationXref8517
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600479
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600479

UnificationXref8500
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_263067
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_263067.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11920679
type: PublicationXref
id: 11920679
author: Fleck, Oliver
author: Kunz, Christophe
author: Marti, Thomas M
db: Pubmed
title: DNA mismatch repair and mutation avoidance pathways
source: J. Cell. Physiol. 191:28-41
year: 2002

UnificationXref8502
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_257258
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_257258.1

UnificationXref8501
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607854
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607854

UnificationXref8504
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206912
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206912.2

UnificationXref8503
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607245
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607245

UnificationXref8505
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7K8
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8506
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600448
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600448

UnificationXref8507
type: UnificationXref
id: O13936
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8508
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599940
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599940

UnificationXref8509
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600449
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600449

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8439558
type: PublicationXref
id: 8439558
author: Konta, Y
author: Kusunoki, C
author: Satoh, S
author: Niwa, M
author: Kohsaka, M
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning and structural analysis of genomic DNA for human renal dipeptidase
source: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1172:181-3
year: 1993

UnificationXref6397
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603656
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603656

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19935667
type: PublicationXref
id: 19935667
author: Hall, RA
author: Ritter, SL
db: Pubmed
title: Fine-tuning of GPCR activity by receptor-interacting proteins
source: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:819-30
year: 2009

UnificationXref6396
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603654
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603654

UnificationXref6399
type: UnificationXref
id: 158417
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=158417

UnificationXref6398
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_239981
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_239981.1

UnificationXref6393
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_179401
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_179401.3

UnificationXref6392
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603645
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603645

UnificationXref6395
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21053
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21053.2

UnificationXref6394
type: UnificationXref
id: 435347
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=435347

UnificationXref6391
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603643
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603643

UnificationXref6390
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603642
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603642

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11988738
type: PublicationXref
id: 11988738
author: Lukas, J
author: Jackson, PK
author: Reimann, JD
author: Sorensen, CS
author: Hsu, JY
db: Pubmed
title: E2F-dependent accumulation of hEmi1 regulates S phase entry by inhibiting APC(Cdh1)
source: Nat Cell Biol 4:358-66
year: 2002

UniProt:Q02953
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref10636
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8560
type: UnificationXref
id: P17871
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8561
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599396
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599396

UnificationXref8562
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599400
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599400

UnificationXref8567
type: UnificationXref
id: O13722
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8568
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599380
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599380

UnificationXref8569
type: UnificationXref
id: O13282
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8563
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09813
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8564
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599409
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599409

UnificationXref8565
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599410
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599410

UnificationXref8566
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599411
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599411

Evidence460
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7903306
comment: Two human isoenzymes, IMP dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IMPDH1,2) catalyze the irreversible dehydrogenation of inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) to form xanthosine 5'-monophosphate (XMP). The active forms of both isoenzymes are homotetramers, and they are nearly identical in their catalytic efficiencies and their susceptibility to inhibition by XMP (Carr et al. 1993; Colby et al. 1999; Hager et al. 1995). Both enzymes occur as homotetramers (Colby et al. 1999 - IMPDH2; unpubliched data in PDB 1JCN IMPDH1). A variety of experiments suggest that IMPDH1 and 2 have distinct functions in vivo. While IMPDH1 is expressed at constant levels, IMPDH2 is expressed at elevated levels in tumor cells and in mitotic normal cells. In humans, heterozygosity for mutant forms of IMPDH1 is associated with a form of retinitis pigmentosa (Bowne et al. 2002). In laboratory mice, mutations that disrupt the homologue of IMPDH1 have no obvious effect at the level of the whole organism, while ones that disrupt IMPDH2 are lethal (Gu et al. 2003). This reaction is the rate limiting step in the synthesis of guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) from IMP, and GMP competitively inhibits the well-characterized bacterial IMP dehydrogenase enzyme. Evidence for an inhibitory effect of GMP on the human isoenzymes has not been reported. Rather, they appear to be inhibited by XMP; in addition, transcription of one or both IMP dehydrogenase mRNAs may be inhibited by high cellular GMP concentrations (Glesne et al. 1991).

Evidence461
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7706277
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8089153
comment: Cytosolic GMP synthase (GMPS) catalyzes the reaction of xanthosine 5'-monophosphate (XMP), ATP, glutamine and water to form guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP), AMP, glutamate and pyrophosphate. GMPS is a monomer (Hirst et al. 1994; Nakamura and Lou 1995).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1644792
type: PublicationXref
id: 1644792
author: Jhon, DY
author: Rhee, SG
author: Kriz, R
author: Knopf, J
author: Park, D
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning, sequencing, expression, and Gq-independent activation of phospholipase C-beta 2
source: J Biol Chem 267:16048-55
year: 1992

Evidence462
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1592113
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15786719
comment: Two isoforms of adenylosuccinate synthetase, ADSS and ADSSL1, catalyze the reaction of IMP, aspartate, and GTP to form adenylosuccinate, GDP, and orthophosphate (Powell et al. 1992; Sun et al. 2005). ADSS is a homotetramer (unpublished crystallographic data - PDB 2V40) and ADSSL1 is inferred to be a tetramer likewise.

Evidence467
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9857047
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1429593
comment: Cytosolic AMP deaminase (AMPD) catalyzes the hydrolysis of AMP to yield IMP and ammonia. Three isoforms of AMPD, E, L, and M, have been identified that differ in their expression patterns in the body. All occur as tetramers and all have qualitatively the same catalytic activity, however (Bausch-Jurken et al. 1992; Mahnke-Zizelman et al. 1998).

Evidence468
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21755941
comment: Cytosolic ADAL (Adenosine DeAminase-Like) catalyzes the reaction of N6-methyl-AMP and water to form IMP and methylamine. The active form of the enzyme is a protein monomer complexed with a zinc ion (Murakami et al. 2011).

Evidence469
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2104852
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3029074
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6771276
comment: Cytosolic nucleoside phosphorylase (NP) trimer catalyzes the reversible reaction of guanine with ribose 1-phosphate or deoxyribose 1-phosphate to form guanosine or deoxyguanosine and orthophosphate (Ealick et al. 1990; Wiginton et al. 1980). While NP is active with either ribose 1-phosphate or deoxyribose 1-phosphate in vitro, levels of deoxyribose 1-phosphate are normally low in vivo, limiting the extent of this reaction. NP deficiency in vivo is associated with defects in purine nucleotide salvage and leads to immunodeficiency (Williams et al. 1987).

Evidence463
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8366112
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10958654
comment: The irreversible conversion of adenylosuccinate to adenosine 5'-monophosphate and fumarate is catalyzed by adenylosuccinate lyase. The active form of this enzyme is a cytosolic tetramer (Stone et al. 1993). The enzyme also catalyzes the conversion of 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole-4-N-succinocarboxamide (SAICAR) to 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR) and fumarate. Humans lacking the enzyme accumulate dephosphorylated forms of both substrates, indicating that the enzyme mediates both reactions in vivo as well (Race et al. 2000).

Evidence464
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1574589
comment: The purine ribonucleotide inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) is assembled on 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP), with atoms derived from aspartate, glutamine, glycine, N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate, and carbon dioxide. Although several of the individual reactions in this sequence are reversible, as indicated by the double-headed arrows in the diagram, other irreversible steps drive the pathway in the direction of IMP synthesis in the normal cell. All of these reactions are thus annotated here only in the direction of IMP synthesis. Guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) are synthesized from IMP.

Evidence465
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3182793
comment: Cytosolic adenosine deaminase (ADA) catalyzes the hydrolysis of 2'deoxyadenosine and adenosine to yield deoxyinosine and inosine, respectively, plus ammonia (Akeson et al. 1988). Unpublished crystallographic data (PDB 3IAR) indicate that the human enzyme is a monomer.

Evidence466
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/227870
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2999129
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6281270
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9843365
comment: Cytosolic adenosine linase (ADK) catalyzes the reactions of adenosine and deoxyadenosine with ATP to yield the corresponding nucleotide monophosphates and ADP (Andres and Fox 1979). The enzyme is substantially more active on adenosine than deoxyadenosine in vitro (Hurley at al. 1985) though studies of cultured cells suggest that both reactions may be physiologically relevant (Hershfield et al. 1982). The enzyme is a monomer complexed with magnesium (Mathews et al. 1998).

UnificationXref8550
type: UnificationXref
id: O13749
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8551
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599363
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599363

UnificationXref8558
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9US54
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8559
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599384
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599384

UnificationXref8556
type: UnificationXref
id: P87121
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8557
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599404
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599404

Golgi Cisternae Pericentriolar Stack Reorganization
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction705
evidence: Evidence1076
xref: UnificationXref7187
xref: UnificationXref7186
pathway order: PathwayStep1066
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8554
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09869
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8555
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599405
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599405

UnificationXref8552
type: UnificationXref
id: O60171
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8553
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599388
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599388

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19006241
type: PublicationXref
id: 19006241
author: Häberle, J
author: Höhne, W
author: Engel, K
db: Pubmed
title: Mutations and polymorphisms in the human argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) gene
source: Hum Mutat 30:300-7
year: 2009

Evidence472
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4620886
comment: Nucleosides and free bases generated by DNA and RNA breakdown are converted back to nucleotide monophosphates, allowing them to re-enter the pathway of purine biosynthesis. Nucleosides and free bases generated by DNA breakdown are converted back to nucleotide monophosphates, allowing them to re-enter the pathway of purine biosynthesis. Nucleosides and free bases generated by RNA breakdown are converted back to nucleotide monophosphates, allowing them to re-enter the pathways of purine biosynthesis. Under normal conditions, DNA turnover is limited and deoxyribonucleotide salvage operates at a correspondingly low level (Watts 1974).

Evidence473
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2104852
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3029074
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6771276
comment: Cytosolic nucleoside phosphorylase (NP) trimer catalyzes the reversible reaction of guanosine or deoxyguanosine with orthophosphate to form guanine and ribose 1-phosphate or deoxyribose 1-phosphate (Ealick et al. 1990; Wiginton et al. 1980). While NP is active with either nuckeotide in vitro, levels of deoxyguanosine are normally low in vivo, limiting the extent of this reaction. NP deficiency in vivo is associated with defects in purine nucleotide salvage and leads to immunodeficiency (Williams et al. 1987).

Evidence470
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2104852
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3029074
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6771276
comment: Cytosolic nucleoside phosphorylase (NP) trimer catalyzes the reversible reaction of hypoxanthine with ribose 1-phosphate or deoxyribose 1-phosphate to form inosine or deoxyinosine and orthophosphate (Ealick et al. 1990; Wiginton et al. 1980). While NP is active with either ribose 1-phosphate or deoxyribose 1-phosphate in vitro, levels of deoxyribose 1-phosphate are normally low in vivo, limiting the extent of this reaction. NP deficiency in vivo is associated with defects in purine nucleotide salvage and leads to immunodeficiency (Williams et al. 1987).

Evidence471
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/457664
comment: Cytosolic APRT dimer catalyzes the reaction of adenine and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate to form AMP and pyrophosphate (Holden et al. 1979).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22526796
type: PublicationXref
id: 22526796
author: Chen, Xi
author: Li, Yanhong
db: Pubmed
title: Sialic acid metabolism and sialyltransferases: natural functions and applications
source: Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 94:887-905
year: 2012

Evidence478
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4620886
comment: The purine bases guanine and hypoxanthine (derived from adenine by events in the purine salvage pathways) are converted to xanthine and then to uric acid, which is excreted from the body (Watts 1974). The end-point of this pathway in humans and hominoid primates is unusual. Most other mammals metabolize uric acid further to yield more soluble end products, and much speculation has centered on possible roles for high uric acid levels in normal human physiology.

Evidence479
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4620886
comment: The events of human purine metabolism are conveniently, if somewhat arbitrarily, grouped into four pathways: de novo synthesis of inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP), the biosynthesis of other purine ribo- and deoxyribonucleotides, purine salvage reactions, and purine catabolism (Watts 1974). De novo synthesis of inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP). The purine ribonucleotide IMP is assembled on 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP). Purine biosynthesis [interconversion]. Purine ribo- and deoxyribonucleotide di- and triphosphates are synthesized, both from IMP and from guanosine and adenosine ribo- and deoxyribonucleotide monophosphates generated in salvage reactions. Purine salvage reactions. Purine nucleosides and free bases generated by DNA and RNA breakdown are converted to nucleotide monophosphates. Purine catabolism. The purine bases guanine and hypoxanthine are degraded to uric acid, which is excreted from the body.

Evidence476
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8428933
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/807573
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3457020
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20070187
comment: Cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) tetramer catalyzes the reaction of reduced glutathione and hydrogen peroxide to form reduced glutathione and water (Chu et al. 1993).

Evidence477
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10656833
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1999334
comment: Hydrogen peroxide is generated in the course of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and purine catabolism, and is rapidly converted to water and molecular oxygen by the enzyme catalase. This enzyme is widely distributed in the body, but is especially abundant in liver, kidney, and red blood cells.

Evidence474
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2104852
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3029074
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6771276
comment: Cytosolic nucleoside phosphorylase (NP) trimer catalyzes the reversible reaction of inosine or deoxyinosine with orthophosphate to form hypoxanthine and ribose 1-phosphate or deoxyribose 1-phosphate (Ealick et al. 1990; Wiginton et al. 1980). While NP is active with either nuckeotide in vitro, levels of deoxyinosine are normally low in vivo, limiting the extent of this reaction. NP deficiency in vivo is associated with defects in purine nucleotide salvage and leads to immunodeficiency (Williams et al. 1987).

Evidence475
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10075721
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19470646
comment: Cytosolic guanine deaminase (GDA) catalyzes the reaction of guanine and water to form xanthine and ammonia (Yuan et al. 1999). The active enzyme is a homodimer (Murphy et al. 2009).

UnificationXref8540
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599416
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599416

UnificationXref8541
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599417
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599417

UnificationXref8542
type: UnificationXref
id: 109875
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109875

UnificationXref8543
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5384
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5384.1

UnificationXref8544
type: UnificationXref
id: O74948
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8545
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599358
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599358

UnificationXref8546
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9USU9
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8547
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599354
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599354

UnificationXref8548
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599353
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599353

UnificationXref8549
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599359
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599359

UniProt:Q10192
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref108
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence480
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4684686
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8619816
comment: The synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate from glutamine, bicarbonate, and ATP is catalyzed by the carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity of cytosolic trifunctional CAD (carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase) protein (Ito and Uchino 1973; Iwahana et al. 1996). The purified human protein is active in several different oligomerization states, as is its Syrian hamster homologue. The most abundant form of the latter is a hexamer, and the active human protein is annotated as a hexamer by inference (Ito and Uchino 1973; Lee et al. 1985).

Evidence481
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4684686
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2995985
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8619816
comment: The synthesis of N-carbamoyl L-aspartate from carbamoyl phosphate and L-aspartate is catalyzed by the aspartate carbamoyltansferase activity of cytosolic trifunctional CAD (carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase) protein (Ito and Uchino 1973; Iwahana et al. 1996). The purified human protein is active in several different oligomerization states as is its Syrian hamster homologue. The most abundant form of the latter is a hexamer, and the active human protein is annotated as a hexamer by inference (Ito and Uchino 1973; Lee et al. 1985).

UniProt:Q10197
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9272
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence482
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8619816
comment: The synthesis of dihydroorotate from N-carbamoyl L-aspartate is catalyzed by the dihydroorotase activity of cytosolic trifunctional CAD (carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase) protein. This activity has not been directly demonstrated in experimental studies of the purified human protein, but has been inferred from the behavior of the purified hamster protein and the high degree of sequence similarity between the cloned hamster and human genes (Iwahana et al. 1996). Also on the basis of this similarity, the active human protein is annotated as a hexamer (Lee et al. 1985).

Evidence483
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9693067
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/165196
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13115431
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6105839
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10889450
comment: Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate (orotic acid). The enzyme is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane oriented so that cytosolic dihydroorotate molecules have access to it, and orotate is released into the cytosol. The reducing equivalents generated by the reaction are transferred by ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q) to the electron transport chain within the inner mitochondrial membrane. There is no evidence for the involvement of NAD+ as an acceptor of reducing equivalents in this reaction in mammalian cells (Jones 1980). In contrast, the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme isolated from the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium oroticum requires NAD+ as a cofactor but also proceeds strongly in the direction of dihydroorotate synthesis consistent with the greater electronegativity of NAD+ (Lieberman and Kornberg 1953). Early studies of purified rat liver enzyme by Forman and Kennedy suggested the presence of flavin mononucleotide and iron-sulfur complexes as cofactors. More recent work by Bader, Beuneu, and their colleagues with recombinant human protein expressed in insect cells has confirmed the presence of flavin mononucleotide, at a stoichiometry of one molecule per molecule of apoenzyme but suggests that iron-sulfur complexes, if indeed they are involved in the oxidation and electron transport process, are not an integral part of the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase holoenzyme.

Evidence484
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8631878
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9042911
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6893554
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18184586
comment: The synthesis of orotidine 5'-monophosphate (OMP) from orotate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP) is catalyzed by the orotate phosphoribosyltransferase activity of the bifunctional "uridine monophosphate synthetase (orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and orotidine 5'-decarboxylase)" protein. The reaction itself is freely reversible, but is pulled in the forward direction in vivo by the irreversible hydrolysis of pyrophosphate. While purified human protein has not been characterized in detail, the close similarity of the human gene to that encoding the well-studied hamster protein, and the demonstration that mutations in the human gene are associated with failure to convert orotate to UMP in vivo, provide convincing evidence that the human uridine monophosphate synthetase protein indeed catalyzes these two reactions (McClard et al. 1980; Suchi et al. 1997). The active form of the human protein is a dimer (Yablonski et al. 1996; Wittmann et al. 2008).

Evidence485
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8631878
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9042911
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6893554
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18184586
comment: The decarboxylation of orotidine 5'-monophosphate (OMP) to form uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP) is catalyzed by the orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase activity of the bifunctional "uridine monophosphate synthetase (orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and orotidine 5'-decarboxylase)" protein. While purified human protein has not been characterized in detail, the close similarity of the human gene to that encoding the well-studied hamster protein, and the demonstration that mutations in the human gene are associated with failure to convert orotate to UMP in vivo, provide convincing evidence that the human uridine monophosphate synthetase protein indeed catalyzes these two reactions (McClard et al. 1980; Suchi et al. 1997). The active form of the human protein is a dimer (Yablonski et al. 1996; Wittmann et al. 2008).

Evidence486
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8448179
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7685356
comment: Cytosolic deoxycytidylate deaminase (DCTD) catalyzes the hydrolysis of dCMP (2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate) to yield dUMP (2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate) and ammonia. The active enzyme is a homohexamer (Maley et al. 1993; Weiner et al. 1993; unpublished crystallography data - PDB 2W4L).

Evidence487
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8631816
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8805593
comment: Deoxyuridine triphosphatase (DUT) catalyzes the hydrolysis of dUTP to form dUMP and pyrophosphate. Two isoforms of DUT are expressed, generated by alternative splicing. The major one, annotated here, is localized to the nucleoplasm (Ladner et al. 1996). The enzyme is a homotrimer (Mol et al. 1996). In the cell, this reaction depletes the supply of dUTP, preventing its incorporation into DNA, while generating dUMP, the immediate precursor of thymidine nucleotides.

Evidence488
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2656695
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11278511
comment: Cytosolic thymidylate synthase catalyzes the reaction of dUMP and N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate to form TMP and dihydrofolate (Davisson et al. 1989). The enzyme is a homodimer (Phan et al. 2001).

Evidence489
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref873
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6105839
comment: The pyrimidine orotate (orotic acid) is synthesized in a sequence of four reactions, deriving its atoms from glutamine, bicarbonate, and aspartate. A single multifunctional cytosolic enzyme catalyzes the first three of these reactions, while the last one is catalyzed by an enzyme associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. In two further reactions, catalyzed by a bifunctional cytosolic enzyme, orotate reacts with 1-phosphoribosyl 5-pyrophosphate (PRPP) to yield orotidine 5'-monophosphate, which is decarboxylated to yield uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP). While several individual reactions in this pathway are reversible, other irreversible reactions drive the pathway in the direction of UMP biosynthesis in the normal cell. All reactions are thus annotated here only in the forward direction. This pathway has been most extensively analyzed at the genetic and biochemical level in hamster cell lines. All three enzymes have also been purified from human sources, however, and the key features of these reactions have been confirmed from studies of this human material (Jones 1980; Webster et al. 2001). All other pyrimidines are synthesized from UMP. The reactions annotaed here, catalyzed by dCMP deaminase and dUTP diphosphatase yield dUMP, which in turn is converted to TMP by thymidylate synthase.

UnificationXref8532
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3987
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3987.1

UnificationXref8533
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600456
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600456

UnificationXref8530
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600453
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600453

UnificationXref8531
type: UnificationXref
id: 72085
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=72085

UnificationXref8536
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600458
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600458

UnificationXref8537
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600482
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600482

UnificationXref8534
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600457
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600457

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22118461
type: PublicationXref
id: 22118461
author: Desai, Arshad
author: Hombauer, Hans
author: Smith, Catherine E
author: Campbell, Christopher S
author: Kolodner, Richard D
db: Pubmed
title: Visualization of eukaryotic DNA mismatch repair reveals distinct recognition and repair intermediates
source: Cell 147:1040-53
year: 2011

UnificationXref8535
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599981
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599981

Evidence490
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/195585
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11306702
comment: Cytosolic uridine-cytidine kinase 1 (UCK1) catalyzes the reactions of cytidine or uridine with ATP to form CMP or UMP and ADP (Greenberg et al. 1977; Van Rompay et al. 2001). Unpublished crystallographic data show the enzyme to be a tetramer (PDB - 2JEO).

Evidence491
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/195585
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11306702
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15130468
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14609716
comment: Cytosolic uridine-cytidine kinase 2 (UCK2) catalyzes the reactions of cytidine or uridine with ATP to form CMP or UMP and ADP (Greenberg et al. 1977; Van Rompay et al. 2001). Crystallographic data show the enzyme to be a tetramer (Suzuki et al. 2004). When it is expressed as a fusion construct with green fluorescent protein, the protein localizes primarily to the cytosol of transfected CHO cells (Van Rompay et al. 2003).

UnificationXref8539
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P3W1
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8538
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215728
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215728.2

Evidence494
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15385443
comment: Cytosolic 3-ureidopropionase catalyzes the reaction of 3-ureidopropionate and water to form beta-alanine, CO2, and NH3 (van Kuilenberg et al. 2004).

Evidence495
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20018850
comment: Mitochondrial AGXT2 tetramer catalyzes the reaction of beta-alanine and pyruvate to form 3-oxopropanoate and alanine. While the human mitochondrial AGXT2 enzyme has been characterized experimentally in other respects (Rodionov et al. 2010), its ability to catalyze this transamination reaction is inferred from the properties of its rat homologue.

Evidence492
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7923172
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15689149
comment: Cytosolic cytidine deaminase catalyzes the hydrolysis of cytidine or dexoycytidine to form uridine or deoxyuridine and ammonia (Laliberte and Momparler 1994). The active form of the enzyme is a tetramer (Chung et al. 2005).

Evidence493
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref873
comment: In pyrimidine salvage reactions, nucleosides and free bases generated by DNA and RNA breakdown are converted back to nucleotide monophosphates, allowing them to re-enter the pathways of pyrimidine biosynthesis (interconversion).

Evidence498
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref873
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10989446
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3090932
comment: In parallel sequences of three reactions each, thymine is converted to beta-aminoisobutyrate and uracil is converted to beta-alanine. Both of these molecules are excreted in human urine and appear to be normal end products of pyrimidine catabolism (Griffith 1986; Webster et al. 2001). Mitochondrial AGXT2, however, can also catalyze the transamination of both molecules with pyruvate, yielding 2-oxoacids that can be metabolized further by reactions of branched-chain amino acid and short-chain fatty acid catabolism (Tamaki et al. 2000). The importance of these reactions in normal human pyrimidine catabolism has not been well worked out.

Evidence499
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16098809
comment: The events of human pyrimidine metabolism are conveniently, if somewhat arbitrarily, grouped into four pathways: de novo synthesis of the pyrimidine ring and its conversion to uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP), the biosynthesis of other pyrimidine ribo- and deoxyribonucleotides, pyrimidine salvage reactions, and pyrimidine catabolism (Loffler et al. 2005). De novo synthesis of the pyrimidine ring and its conversion to UMP. The pyrimidine base orotate is synthesized from glutamine, bicarbonate, and aspartate. Orotate reacts with 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP) and is then decarboxylated to form the pyrimidine nucleotide UMP. Pyrimidine biosynthesis [interconversion]. Pyrimidine ribo- and deoxyribonucleotide di- and triphosphates are synthesized, both from UMP and from pyrimidine ribonucleotide monophosphates generated in salvage reactions. Pyrimidine salvage reactions. Pyrimidine nucleosides and free bases generated by DNA and RNA breakdown are converted to nucleotide monophosphates. Pyrimidine catabolism. The pyrimidine bases thymine and uracil are degraded to beta-aminoisobutyrate and beta-alanine, respectively, which are excreted from the body.

Evidence496
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15385443
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10989446
comment: Cytosolic UPB1 (beta-ureidopropionase) catalyzes the reaction of 3-ureidoisobutyrate and H2O to form (R)-3-aminoisobutyrate, CO2, and NH3 (Tamaki et al. 2000; van Kuilenburg et al. 2004).

Evidence497
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20018850
comment: Mitochondrial AGXT2 tetramer catalyzes the reaction of (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acid and pyruvate to form 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate and alanine. While the human mitochondrial AGXT2 enzyme has been characterized experimentally in other respects (Rodionov et al. 2010), its ability to catalyze this transamination reaction is inferred from the properties of its rat homologue.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16413920
type: PublicationXref
id: 16413920
author: Nimmerjahn, F
author: Ravetch, JV
db: Pubmed
title: Fcgamma receptors: old friends and new family members
source: Immunity 24:19-28
year: 2006

UnificationXref6338
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603607
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603607

UnificationXref6339
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603609
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603609

UnificationXref8597
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600040
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600040

UnificationXref6337
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_248796
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_248796.1

UnificationXref8596
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_235744
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_235744.1

UnificationXref6336
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603606
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603606

UnificationXref8599
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600041
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600041

UnificationXref6335
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603604
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603604

UnificationXref8598
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_226141
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_226141.2

UnificationXref6334
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_255831
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_255831.1

UnificationXref6333
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603617
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603617

UnificationXref6332
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603615
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603615

UnificationXref6331
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603614
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603614

UnificationXref6330
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5838
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5838.2

UnificationXref8591
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607275
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607275

UnificationXref8590
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_214271
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_214271.2

UnificationXref8593
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600038
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600038

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11779870
type: PublicationXref
id: 11779870
author: Tsurumi, T
author: Fujita, M
author: Kiyono, T
author: Nakamura, H
author: Ishimi, Y
db: Pubmed
title: Nuclear organization of DNA replication initiation proteins in mammalian cells.
source: J Biol Chem 277:10354-61
year: 2002

UnificationXref8592
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215564
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215564.2

UnificationXref8595
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600039
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600039

UnificationXref8594
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_242776
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_242776.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12205100
type: PublicationXref
id: 12205100
author: Van Komen, S
author: Sigurdsson, S
author: Petukhova, G
author: Sung, P
db: Pubmed
title: Homologous DNA pairing by human recombination factors Rad51 and Rad54
source: J Biol Chem 277:42790-4
year: 2002

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9564029
type: PublicationXref
id: 9564029
author: Kushner, JP
author: Phillips, JD
author: Hill, CP
author: Whitby, FG
db: Pubmed
title: Crystal structure of human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
source: EMBO J 17:2463-71
year: 1998

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3413114
type: PublicationXref
id: 3413114
author: Cram, LS
author: Wu, JR
author: Ratliff, RL
author: Buckingham, JM
author: Moyzis, RK
author: Jones, MD
author: Meyne, J
author: Deaven, LL
author: Dani, M
db: Pubmed
title: A highly conserved repetitive DNA sequence, (TTAGGG)n, present at the telomeres of human chromosomes
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85:6622-6
year: 1988

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8428594
type: PublicationXref
id: 8428594
author: Marcote, MJ
author: Clarke, PR
author: Draetta, G
author: Karsenti, E
author: Hoffmann, I
db: Pubmed
title: Phosphorylation and activation of human cdc25-C by cdc2--cyclin B and its involvement in the self-amplification of MPF at mitosis
source: EMBO J 12:53-63
year: 1993

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11130078
type: PublicationXref
id: 11130078
author: Sato, S
author: Takeda, K
author: Wagner, H
author: Sanjo, H
author: Takeuchi, O
author: Hoshino, K
author: Matsumoto, M
author: Kaisho, T
author: Kawai, T
author: Hemmi, H
author: Akira, S
db: Pubmed
title: A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA
source: Nature 408:740-5
year: 2000

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4218100
type: PublicationXref
id: 4218100
author: Matalon, R
author: Brandt, IK
author: Dorfman, A
author: Justice, P
author: Arbogast, B
db: Pubmed
title: Morquio's syndrome: deficiency of a chondroitin sulfate N-acetylhexosamine sulfate sulfatase
source: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 61:759-65
year: 1974

UnificationXref6349
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16737
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref6346
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:3699
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref6345
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21137
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21137.2

UnificationXref6348
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21065
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21065.2

UnificationXref6347
type: UnificationXref
id: 446602
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446602

UnificationXref6342
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_252510
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_252510.1

UnificationXref6341
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607681
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607681

UnificationXref6344
type: UnificationXref
id: 446590
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446590

UnificationXref6343
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:641
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref6340
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_239430
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_239430.1

UnificationXref6318
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603610
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603610

UnificationXref6319
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603612
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603612

UnificationXref6316
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_19653
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_19653.2

UnificationXref6317
type: UnificationXref
id: O59712
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8579
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598325
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598325

UnificationXref6311
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603467
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603467

UnificationXref8578
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599412
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599412

UnificationXref6310
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603465
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603465

UnificationXref8575
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599392
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599392

UnificationXref6315
type: UnificationXref
id: 427648
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=427648

UnificationXref8574
type: UnificationXref
id: O74462
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6314
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_217268
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_217268.2

UnificationXref8577
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599376
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599376

UnificationXref6313
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607672
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607672

UnificationXref8576
type: UnificationXref
id: O60076
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6312
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_211826
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_211826.2

UnificationXref8571
type: UnificationXref
id: O74319
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8570
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599367
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599367

UnificationXref8573
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599372
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599372

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18403674
type: PublicationXref
id: 18403674
author: Steele, C
author: Mossman, BT
author: Dostert, C
author: Tschopp, J
author: Van Bruggen, R
author: Pétrilli, V
db: Pubmed
title: Innate immune activation through Nalp3 inflammasome sensing of asbestos and silica
source: Science 320:674-7
year: 2008

UnificationXref8572
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599371
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599371

Nucleotide Excision Repair
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 218380.2
pathway component: REACT 218050.2
evidence: Evidence1380
xref: UnificationXref8437
xref: UnificationXref8436
xref: RelationshipXref1136
pathway order: PathwayStep1352
pathway order: PathwayStep1364
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6327
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20698
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20698.2

UnificationXref6328
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603613
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603613

UnificationXref6329
type: UnificationXref
id: 29434
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29434

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9564042
type: PublicationXref
id: 9564042
author: Tobiume, K
author: Takeda, K
author: Ichijo, H
author: Sawada, Y
author: Nishitoh, H
author: Kawabata, M
author: Saitoh, M
author: Miyazono, K
author: Fujii, M
db: Pubmed
title: Mammalian thioredoxin is a direct inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK) 1
source: EMBO J. 17:2596-606
year: 1998

UnificationXref6320
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_242407
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_242407.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3208766
type: PublicationXref
id: 3208766
author: Day, IN
author: Fothergill, JE
author: McAleese, SM
author: Hinks, LJ
author: Dunbar, B
db: Pubmed
title: Complete amino acid sequence of the neurone-specific gamma isozyme of enolase (NSE) from human brain and comparison with the non-neuronal alpha form (NNE)
source: Eur J Biochem 178:413-7
year: 1988

UnificationXref6322
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603603
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603603

UnificationXref8589
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599770
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599770

UnificationXref6321
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603601
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603601

UnificationXref8588
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599769
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599769

UnificationXref6324
type: UnificationXref
id: 433138
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=433138

UnificationXref8587
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599668
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599668

UnificationXref6323
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_233304
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_233304.1

UnificationXref8586
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599667
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599667

UnificationXref6326
type: UnificationXref
id: 433123
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=433123

UnificationXref8585
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599666
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599666

UnificationXref6325
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20884
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20884.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20930137
type: PublicationXref
id: 20930137
author: Kull, FJ
author: Endow, SA
author: Liu, H
db: Pubmed
title: Kinesins at a glance
source: J Cell Sci 123:3420-4
year: 2010

UnificationXref8584
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2835
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2835.1

UnificationXref8583
type: UnificationXref
id: 109627
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109627

UnificationXref8582
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599765
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599765

UnificationXref8581
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598327
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598327

UnificationXref8580
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598326
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598326

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19540337
type: PublicationXref
id: 19540337
author: Masson, K
author: Rönnstrand, L
db: Pubmed
title: Oncogenic signaling from the hematopoietic growth factor receptors c-Kit and Flt3
source: Cell Signal 21:1717-26
year: 2009

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9083101
type: PublicationXref
id: 9083101
author: Hosaka, K
author: Nikawa, J
author: Nakashima, A
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning of a human cDNA for CTP-phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase by complementation in vivo of a yeast mutant
source: J Biol Chem 272:9567-72
year: 1997

UnificationXref6372
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21171
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21171.2

UnificationXref6373
type: UnificationXref
id: 446603
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446603

UnificationXref6370
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21240
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21240.2

UnificationXref6371
type: UnificationXref
id: 446595
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446595

UnificationXref6378
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20978
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20978.2

UnificationXref6379
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603625
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603625

UnificationXref6376
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20887
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20887.1

UnificationXref6377
type: UnificationXref
id: 446604
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446604

UnificationXref6374
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20993
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20993.2

UnificationXref6375
type: UnificationXref
id: 446596
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446596

UnificationXref6381
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603629
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603629

UnificationXref6382
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9USK3
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6383
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603633
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603633

UnificationXref6384
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10085
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6380
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9UT92
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6389
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603641
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603641

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9305837
type: PublicationXref
id: 9305837
author: Mäder, A W
author: Luger, K
author: Richmond, R K
author: Sargent, D F
author: Richmond, T J
db: Pubmed
title: Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution
source: Nature 389:251-60
year: 1997

UnificationXref6385
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603637
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603637

UnificationXref6386
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603638
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603638

UnificationXref6387
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603639
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603639

UnificationXref6388
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603640
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603640

UniProt:Q12381
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9983
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

ATF6-alpha activates chaperone genes
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: TemplateReaction12
evidence: Evidence1608
xref: UnificationXref9816
xref: UnificationXref9815
pathway order: PathwayStep1588
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6350
type: UnificationXref
id: 30733
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=30733

UnificationXref6351
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2577
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2577.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10958654
type: PublicationXref
id: 10958654
author: Vincent, MF
author: Marie, S
author: Van den Berghe, G
author: Race, V
db: Pubmed
title: Clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic correlations in adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency
source: Hum Mol Genet 9:2159-2165
year: 2000

UnificationXref6354
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21154
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21154.2

UnificationXref6355
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:6801
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref6352
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:42820
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref6353
type: UnificationXref
id: 446594
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446594

UnificationXref6358
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:8428
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref6359
type: UnificationXref
id: 446598
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446598

UnificationXref6356
type: UnificationXref
id: 446606
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446606

UnificationXref6357
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21207
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21207.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19767751
type: PublicationXref
id: 19767751
author: Kosako, H
author: Hattori, S
author: Taniguchi, H
author: Kose, S
author: Ushiyama, M
author: Nishida, E
author: Imamoto, N
author: Aranami, C
author: Yamaguchi, N
db: Pubmed
title: Phosphoproteomics reveals new ERK MAP kinase targets and links ERK to nucleoporin-mediated nuclear transport
source: Nat Struct Mol Biol 16:1026-35
year: 2009

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6338048
type: PublicationXref
id: 6338048
author: McLaren, KM
db: Pubmed
title: Immunohistochemical localisation of thrombospondin in human megakaryocytes and platelets
source: J Clin Pathol 36:197-9
year: 1983

UnificationXref6360
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21015
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21015.1

UnificationXref6361
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:46020
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref6362
type: UnificationXref
id: 446599
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446599

UnificationXref6363
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20975
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20975.2

UnificationXref6364
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603624
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603624

UnificationXref6365
type: UnificationXref
id: 446607
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446607

UnificationXref6366
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20771
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20771.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12151002
type: PublicationXref
id: 12151002
author: Paiement, J
author: Desjardins, M
author: Bergeron, JJ
author: Cameron, PH
author: Duclos, S
author: Chevet, E
author: Gagnon, E
author: Steele-Mortimer, O
author: Rondeau, C
db: Pubmed
title: Endoplasmic reticulum-mediated phagocytosis is a mechanism of entry into macrophages
source: Cell 110:119-31
year: 2002

UnificationXref6367
type: UnificationXref
id: 446609
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446609

UnificationXref6368
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_21081
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_21081.2

UnificationXref6369
type: UnificationXref
id: 446592
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=446592

PublicationXref1202
type: PublicationXref
id: 978-953-307-395-8
author: Murcia, Hansen
author: Diaz, Gonzalo
db: ISBN
title: Biotransformation of Aflatoxin B1 and Its Relationship with the Differential Toxicological Response to Aflatoxin in Commercial Poultry Species,
source: Aflatoxins - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Book)
year: 2011

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1717476
type: PublicationXref
id: 1717476
author: Hunter, T
author: Pines, J
db: Pubmed
title: Human cyclins A and B1 are differentially located in the cell and undergo cell cycle-dependent nuclear transport
source: J Cell Biol 115:1-17
year: 1991

UniProt:Q10208
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1072
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11347887
type: PublicationXref
id: 11347887
author: Hou, YM
author: King, MP
author: Davidson, E
author: Vitseva, O
author: Caffarella, J
db: Pubmed
title: Isolation of two cDNAs encoding functional human cytoplasmic cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase
source: Biol Chem 382:399-406
year: 2001

RelationshipXref502
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004731
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref503
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599447
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599447

RelationshipXref500
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599919
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599919

RelationshipXref501
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605880
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605880

RelationshipXref506
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0043101
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref507
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008892
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref504
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003999
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref505
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599427
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599427

RelationshipXref508
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599458
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599458

RelationshipXref509
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598186
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598186

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14699086
type: PublicationXref
id: 14699086
author: Vigneron, Marc
author: Metz, Alexandra
author: Turner, Bryan M
author: Govin, Jérôme
author: Jolly, Caroline
author: Vourc'h, Claire
author: Khochbin, Saadi
db: Pubmed
title: Stress-induced transcription of satellite III repeats
source: J. Cell Biol. 164:25-33
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10413847
type: PublicationXref
id: 10413847
author: Bläker, M
author: de Weerth, A
author: von Schrenck, T
db: Pubmed
title: [Receptors for cholecystokinin and gastrin]
source: Z Gastroenterol 37:389-401
year: 1999

UniProt:Q10205
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref10361
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q9C1X2
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref3350
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:P18296
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref7293
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19196647
type: PublicationXref
id: 19196647
author: De Camilli, Pietro
author: McCrea, HJ
db: Pubmed
title: Mutations in phosphoinositide metabolizing enzymes and human disease
source: Physiology (Bethesda) 24:8-16
year: 2009

UniProt:Q9C1W5
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9762
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q9C1W3
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1978
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q9C1W8
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2932
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref529
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599170
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599170

RelationshipXref528
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004170
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref527
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599113
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599113

RelationshipXref526
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004132
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref525
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599071
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599071

RelationshipXref524
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004590
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref523
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599073
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599073

RelationshipXref522
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004588
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref520
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004152
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref521
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599080
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599080

RelationshipXref519
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599087
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599087

RelationshipXref516
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004070
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref6303
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_251485
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_251485.1

RelationshipXref515
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599091
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599091

UnificationXref6304
type: UnificationXref
id: 429130
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=429130

RelationshipXref518
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004151
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref6301
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_232160
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_232160.1

RelationshipXref517
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599089
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599089

UnificationXref6302
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607621
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607621

Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 235675.1
pathway component: REACT 248227.1
pathway component: REACT 261646.1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction741
evidence: Evidence1140
xref: UnificationXref7467
xref: UnificationXref7468
xref: RelationshipXref1054
pathway order: PathwayStep1129
pathway order: PathwayStep1117
pathway order: PathwayStep1130
pathway order: PathwayStep1122
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref512
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006195
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref511
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599845
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599845

UnificationXref6300
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607622
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607622

RelationshipXref514
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004088
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref513
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006144
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref510
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004096
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref6309
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603464
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603464

UnificationXref6308
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10286
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6307
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603460
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603460

UnificationXref6306
type: UnificationXref
id: P87110
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6305
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20151
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20151.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17637696
type: PublicationXref
id: 17637696
author: Gerondakis, S
author: Banerjee, A
db: Pubmed
title: Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system
source: Immunol Cell Biol 85:420-4
year: 2007

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21029861
type: PublicationXref
id: 21029861
author: Hogg, JR
author: Goff, SP
db: Pubmed
title: Upf1 senses 3'UTR length to potentiate mRNA decay
source: Cell 143:379-89
year: 2010

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11278511
type: PublicationXref
id: 11278511
author: Ding, WC
author: Berger, SH
author: Lebioda, L
author: Koli, S
author: Minor, W
author: Dunlap, RB
author: Phan, J
author: Steadman, DJ
db: Pubmed
title: Structure of human thymidylate synthase suggests advantages of chemotherapy with noncompetitive inhibitors
source: J Biol Chem 276:14170-7
year: 2001

RelationshipXref547
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004017
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref546
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006206
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref545
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046135
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref544
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604414
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604414

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/59727
type: PublicationXref
id: 59727
author: Nachman, RL
author: Harpel, PC
db: Pubmed
title: Platelet alpha2-macroglobulin and alpha1-antitrypsin
source: J Biol Chem 251:4512-21
year: 1976

RelationshipXref549
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004385
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref548
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600174
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600174

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10625641
type: PublicationXref
id: 10625641
author: Lopez-Jimenez, M
author: Ramesh, B
author: Srai, SK
author: Dedes, M
author: Williams, M
author: Leggett, A
author: Sharp, P
author: Tandy, S
db: Pubmed
title: Nramp2 expression is associated with pH-dependent iron uptake across the apical membrane of human intestinal Caco-2 cells
source: J Biol Chem 275:1023-9
year: 2000

RelationshipXref542
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604412
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604412

RelationshipXref543
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047305
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref540
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599106
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599106

RelationshipXref541
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016223
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16143825
type: PublicationXref
id: 16143825
author: Briere, JJ
author: El Ghouzzi, V
author: Djouadi, F
author: Favier, J
author: Gimenez, AP
author: Benit, P
author: Rustin, P
db: Pubmed
title: Succinate dehydrogenase deficiency in human
source: Cell Mol Life Sci 62:2317â2324
year: 2005

RelationshipXref534
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599124
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599124

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21253609
type: PublicationXref
id: 21253609
author: Batista-Nascimento, Liliana
author: Rodrigues-Pousada, Claudina
author: Liu, Phillip C C
author: Neef, Daniel W
author: Thiele, Dennis J
db: Pubmed
title: Deciphering human heat shock transcription factor 1 regulation via post-translational modification in yeast
source: PLoS ONE 6:e15976
year: 2011

Pyrimidine catabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction349
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction348
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction351
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction350
evidence: Evidence498
xref: UnificationXref3805
xref: UnificationXref3806
xref: RelationshipXref545
pathway order: PathwayStep491
pathway order: PathwayStep492
pathway order: PathwayStep493
pathway order: PathwayStep490
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref533
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0019206
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref536
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004126
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref535
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600130
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600130

RelationshipXref538
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0043097
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref537
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599139
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599139

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10536157
type: PublicationXref
id: 10536157
author: Wu, X
author: Zhang, Y
author: Xin, H
author: Lin, W
author: Yuan, F
db: Pubmed
title: The human REV1 gene codes for a DNA template-dependent dCMP transferase.
source: Nucleic Acids Res 27:4468-75
year: 1999

RelationshipXref539
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003837
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12947387
type: PublicationXref
id: 12947387
author: Valerie, K
author: Povirk, LF
db: Pubmed
title: Regulation and mechanisms of mammalian double-strand break repair.
source: Oncogene 22:5792-812
year: 2003

RelationshipXref530
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004799
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref531
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599131
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599131

RelationshipXref532
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046134
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16483568
type: PublicationXref
id: 16483568
author: Da Silva, CA
author: Frossard, N
author: Reber, L
db: Pubmed
title: Stem cell factor and its receptor c-Kit as targets for inflammatory diseases
source: Eur J Pharmacol 533:327-40
year: 2006

RelationshipXref697
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004042
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref696
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006569
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref695
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604371
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604371

RelationshipXref694
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604402
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604402

RelationshipXref693
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604381
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604381

RelationshipXref692
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016212
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref691
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006562
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref690
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597907
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597907

Evidence323
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12890864
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14660569
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16787938
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14722070
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18524850
comment: At the late endosome membrane, myotubularin (MTM1), myotubularin-related protein 2 (MTMR2), myotubularin-related protein 4 (MTMR4), and myotubularin-related protein 7 (MTMR7) dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) to phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: MTM1 (Cao et al. 2007, Cao et al. 2008, Tsujita et al. 2004, Tronchere et al. 2004), MTMR2 (Cao et al. 2008), MTMR4 (Lorenzo et al. 2006), and MTMR7 (Mochizuki & Majerus 2003, Lorenzo et al. 2006).

Evidence322
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18950639
comment: At the late endosome membrane, the PAS complex, consisting of FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase (PIKFYVE), yeast VAC14 homologue (VAC14), and polyphosphoinositide phosphatase aka SAC3 (FIG4), binds to the membrane via PIKFYVE's FYVE finger. The FIG4 phosphatase component dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) (Sbrissa et al. 2007, Sbrissa et al. 2008).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13115431
type: PublicationXref
id: 13115431
author: Lieberman, I
author: Kornberg, A
db: Pubmed
title: Enzymic synthesis and breakdown of a pyrimidine, orotic acid. I. Dihydro-orotic dehydrogenase
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 12:223-234
year: 1953

Evidence321
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11706043
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10419465
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
comment: At the late endosome membrane, the PAS complex, consisting of FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase (PIKFYVE), yeast VAC14 homologue (VAC14), and polyphosphoinositide phosphatase aka SAC3 (FIG4), binds to the membrane via PIKFYVE's FYVE finger (Sbrissa et al. 2002, Cao et al. 2007). The PIKFYVE kinase component phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate PI(3,5)P2 (Sbrissa et al. 1999). The PAS complex is present in the cytosol and is recruited to the membrane (Sbrissa et al. 2007).

Evidence320
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18950639
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11733541
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10805725
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18524850
comment: At the early endosome membrane, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) is generated in two steps from phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate PI(3,4)P2 by the action of various kinases and phosphatases (Sbrissa et al. 2007, Sbrissa et al. 2008, Cao et al. 2007, Cao et al. 2008, Arcaro et al. 2000, Kim et al. 2002).

Evidence327
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18950639
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11733541
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10805725
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18524850
comment: At the late endosome membrane, the primary event is the dephosphorylation of the phosphoinositide phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) and phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P) (Sbrissa et al. 2007, Sbrissa et al. 2008, Cao et al. 2007, Cao et al. 2008, Arcaro et al. 2000, Kim et al. 2002).

Evidence326
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12890864
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14660569
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11733541
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16787938
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14722070
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18524850
comment: At the late endosome membrane, myotubularin (MTM1), myotubularin-related protein 2 (MTMR2), myotubularin-related protein 4 (MTMR4), and myotubularin-related protein 7 (MTMR7) dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to phosphatidylinositol (PI). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: MTM1 (Cao et al. 2007, Cao et al. 2008, Tsujita et al. 2004, Tronchere et al. 2004, Kim et al. 2002); MTMR2 (Cao et al. 2008, Kim et al. 2002); MTMR4 (Lorenzo et al. 2006); and MTMR7 (Mochizuki & Majerus 2003, Lorenzo et al. 2006).

Evidence325
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8999962
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10766823
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7628435
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10805725
comment: At the late endosome membrane, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 (PIK3C3) aka VPS34 binds to phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 (PIK3R4). The PIK3C3:PIK3R4 complex and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit alpha (PIK3C2A) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: PIK3C3:PIK3R4 (Panaretou et al. 1997, Volinia et al. 1995, Cao et al. 2007) and PIK3C2A (Arcaro et al. 2000, Domin et al. 2000).

Evidence324
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12270933
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10419465
comment: At the late endosome membrane, the PAS complex, consisting of FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase (PIKFYVE), yeast VAC14 homologue (VAC14), and polyphosphoinositide phosphatase aka SAC3 (FIG4), binds to the membrane via PIKFYVE's FYVE finger. The PIKFYVE kinase component phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P) (Sbrissa et al. 1999, Sbrissa et al. 2002). The PAS complex is present in the cytosol and is recruited to the membrane.

Evidence328
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20861159
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18216768
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18726176
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20559318
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17605038
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17035995
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18784754
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20043944
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18216767
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19196647
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20192774
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16828287
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15269334
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17330069
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15170460
comment: Phosphatidylinositol (PI), a membrane phospholipid, can be reversibly phosphorylated at the 3, 4, and 5 positions of the inositol ring to generate seven phosphoinositides: phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P), phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate PI(3,4)P2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate PI(4,5)P2, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate PI(3,5)P2, and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3). These seven phosphoinositides, which are heterogeneously distributed within cells, can serve as signature components of different intracellular compartment membranes and so help to mediate specificity of membrane interactions. Phosphoinositide levels are tightly regulated spatially and temporally by the action of various kinases and phosphatases whilst PI(4,5)P2 is also a substrate for phospholipase C. The differential localisation of each of these enzymes on specific compartment membranes ensures maintenance of the heterogeneous distribution of phosphoinositides despite the continuous membrane flow from one compartment to another. PI is primarily synthesised in the endoplasmic reticulum from where the phospholipid is exported to other compartments via membrane traffic or via cytosolic phospholipid transfer proteins. Phosphorylation of PI to PI4P primarily occurs in the Golgi, where PI4P plays an important role in the biogenesis of transport vesicles such as the secretory vesicle involved in its transport to the plasma membrane. At this place, PI4P has a major function acting as a precursor of PI(4,5)P2, which is located predominantly at this membrane. PI(4,5)P2 binds and regulates a wide range of proteins that function on the cell surface and serves as a precursor for second messengers. Additionally, it helps define this membrane as a target for secretory vesicles, functions as a coreceptor in endocytic processes, and functions as a cofactor for actin nucleation. At the pl…

Evidence329
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9242906
comment: Phospholipids contain a polar head group and two long-chain fatty acyl moieties, one of which is generally unsaturated. The head group is a glycerol or serine phosphate attached to a polar group such as choline. These molecules are a major constituent of cellular membranes, where their diverse structures and asymmetric distributions play major roles in determining membrane properties (Dowhan 1997). The four major classes of phospholipids in human plasma membranes are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin. The first three are derivatives of glycerol while sphingomyelin is a derivative of serine. Here, pathways for the metabolism of glycerophospholipids, phosphphatidylinositol (PI), and sphingolipids are annotated.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20188572
type: PublicationXref
id: 20188572
author: von Lintig, Johannes
author: Palczewski, Krzysztof
author: Kiser, Philip D
author: Golczak, Marcin
db: Pubmed
title: The biochemical and structural basis for trans-to-cis isomerization of retinoids in the chemistry of vision
source: Trends Biochem. Sci. 35:400-10
year: 2010

RelationshipXref698
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597781
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597781

RelationshipXref699
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004087
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Evidence330
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10899997
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14636670
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12716664
comment: SDA-CoA (6,9,12,15-18:4(n-3)) is rapidly elongated by two carbon atoms to 8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA (8,11,14,17-20:4(n-3), ETA-CoA). The NADPH-consuming enzyme long-chain fatty acyl elongase (ELOVL5) mediates this reaction which and adds malonyl-CoA to the SDA-CoA and releases carbon dioxide and free CoA (Leonard et al. 2004).

Evidence332
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14636670
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1834642
comment: Docosapentaenoyl-CoA is elongated to tetracosapentaenoyl-CoA (9,12,15,18,21-24:5(n-3)) by the enzyme ELOVL2.

Evidence331
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12323085
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14636670
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20655949
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12323090
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8832760
comment: Eicosapentaenoyl-CoA (EPA-CoA) is transformed to docosapentaenoyl-CoA (DPA-CoA/clupanodonic acid; 7,10,13,16,19-22:5(n-3)) by addition of two carbon atoms from malanoyl-CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzymes ELOVL5/2 (Leonard et al. 2004). DPA is quite high in seal oil and may act as an anti-atherogenic factor. DPA has 10-fold greater endothelial cell migration ability than EPA, which is important in wound-healing processes. DPA may act as a precursor for production of the DPA-related D-series of resolvins or neuroprotectins (Kaur et al. 2011).

Evidence334
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17168669
xref: PublicationXref617
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9732298
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8609415
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10970790
comment: Gamma-linolenoyl-CoA (6,9,12-20:3(n-6)) is rapidly elongated to dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA (DGL-CoA; 8,11,14-20:3(n-6)) by the action of C18-PUFA-specific elongase 5 (ELOVL5). Two carbon atoms are added during this reaction. DGL-CoA later undergoes desaturation to form arachidonic acid (AA, 5,8,11,14-20:4(n-6)). Depending on the cell type, DGL-CoA can also be metabolized by cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases to produce anti-inflammatory eicosanoids (prostaglandins of series 1 (PGE1) and 15-hydroxyeico- satrienoic acid (15-HETrE)). GLA and these two oxidative metabolites exert clinical effects in a variety of diseases, including suppression of chronic inflammation, vasodilation and lowering of blood pressure, inhibition of platelet aggregation and thrombosis. (Fan et al. 2001, Fan & Chapkin 1998, Kapoor & Huang. 2006)

Evidence333
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16828546
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8443237
comment: Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3(n-3)) is an omega-3 fatty acid, supplied through diet as it cannot be synthesized by humans. ALA has an important role in human health. It is converted to long chain more unsaturated n-3 fatty acids by a series of alternating desaturation and elongation reactions. Omega-3 products of ALA such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduce inflammation and may help lower risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and arthritis. All the desaturation and elongation steps occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) except for the final step which requires translocation to peroxisomes for partial beta-oxidation. The alpha-linolenic acid pathway involves the following steps: 18:3(n-3)--> 18:4(n-3)-->20:4(n-3)-->20:5(n-3)-->22:5(n-3)-->24:5(n-3)-->24:6(n-3)-->22:6(n-3). Two desaturation enzymes are involved in this process: delta-6 desaturase that converts 18:3(n-3) to 18:4(n-3) and 24:5(n-3) to 24:6(n-3) respectively, delta-5 desaturase 20:4(n-3) to 20:5(n-3). (Sprecher 2002).

Evidence336
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14636670
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9704073
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5411545
comment: Docosatetraenoyl-CoA is elongated to tetracosatetraenoyl-CoA (TTA-CoA, 9,12,15,18-tetracosatetraenoic acid, 9,12,15,18-24:4(n-6)) by the elongase enzyme ELOVL2.

Evidence335
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14636670
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20038752
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10970790
comment: Arachidonyl-CoA undergoes a two-carbon chain elongation on the carboxyl end to form docosatetraenoyl-CoA (DTA-CoA/Adrenic acid/7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid (7,10,13,16-22:4(n-6)). This reaction is catalyzed by the enzymes ELOVL5 or ELOVL2. Malanoyl-CoA provides the additional two carbons required for elongation. Docosatetraenoyl-CoA is further metabolized by cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LO) and cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) to dihomo (DH) eicosanoids (Kopf et al. 2010, Leonard et al. 2004).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22952392
type: PublicationXref
id: 22952392
author: Nusse, Roel
author: Willert, Karl
db: Pubmed
title: Wnt proteins
source: Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 4:a007864
year: 2012

Evidence338
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16828546
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12324224
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10903473
comment: There are two major classes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): the omega-3 (n-3) and the omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids, where the number corresponds to the position of the first double bond proximate to the methyl end of the fatty acid. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are considered essential fatty acids. Humans cannot synthesize them, instead they are supplied through diet. Linoleic acid (LA, 18:2(n-6)), a major component of omega-6 fatty acids and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:2(n-3)) a major component of omega-3 fatty acids are the two main dietary essential fatty acids (EFAs) in humans. ALA and LA obtained from diet are converted in the body into their longer chain and more unsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 products by a series of desaturation and elongation steps. Metabolism of ALA and LA to their corresponding products is mediated via common enzyme systems. In humans ALA is finally converted to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6(n-3)), and LA is converted to docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5(n-6)). The intermediary omega-3 and omega-6 series fatty acids play a significant role in health and disease by generating potent modulatory molecules for inflammatory responses, including eicosanoids (prostaglandins, and leukotrienes), and cytokines (interleukins) and affecting the gene expression of various bioactive molecules (Kapoor & Huang 2006, Sprecher 2002, Burdge 2006).

Evidence337
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17168669
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14636670
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12324224
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10903473
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8609415
comment: Linoleic acid (LA, 18:2(n-6)) is an omega-6 fatty acid obtained through diet, mainly from vegetable oils. Omega-6 fatty acids helps stimulate skin and hair growth, maintain bone health, regulate metabolism, and maintain the reproductive system. All the desaturation and elongation steps occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) except for the final step which requires translocation to peroxisomes for partial beta-oxidation. The linoleic acid pathway involves the following steps: 18:2(n-6)-->18:3(n-6)--> 20:3(n-6)-->20:4(n-6)-->22:4(n-6)-->24:4(n-6)-->24:5(n-6)-->22:5(n-6). Two desaturation enzymes are involved in this process: delta-6 desaturase which converts 18:2(n-6) to 18:3 (n-6) and 24:4(n-6) to 24:5(n-6) respectively, and delta-5 desaturase which converts 20:3(n-6) to 20:4(n-6). (Sprecher 2002).

Evidence339
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10922363
comment: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is the most abundant prostanoid in the body and is a major mediator of inflammation in diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The product of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) serves as the substrate for the isomerization to PGE2. The conversion is carried out by prostaglandin E synthase (PGES), of which there are three forms. Two are membrane-bound enzymes and are designated as mPGES-1 (functionally linked with COX-2) and mPGES-2 (golgi membrane-associated, functionally coupled with both COX-1 and COX-2). The other is cytosolic (cPGES, PTGES3) and functionally linked to COX-1 to produce PGE2 immediately. In this reaction, cPGES is used for conversion of PGH2 to PGE2.

RelationshipXref671
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597945
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597945

RelationshipXref670
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003860
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10055
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref10336
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref675
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047131
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref674
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597952
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597952

RelationshipXref673
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047130
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref672
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0009083
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

Evidence305
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19211563
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8634694
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10806194
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7761412
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19668216
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10764818
comment: At the Golgi membrane, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase OCRL-1 (OCRL) (Choudhury et al. 2009, Suchy et al. 1995, Zhang et al. 1995) and 72 kDa inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (INPP5E) (Bilas et al. 2009) dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) to form phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P). INPP5E is located in the Golgi membrane, mediated by its N-terminal proline-rich domain (Kong et al. 2000).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3800897
type: PublicationXref
id: 3800897
author: Noren, O
author: Tranum-Jensen, J
author: Cowell, GM
author: Sjostrom, H
db: Pubmed
title: Topology and quaternary structure of pro-sucrase/isomaltase and final-form sucrase/isomaltase
source: Biochem J 237:455-61
year: 1986

Evidence304
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18950639
comment: At the Golgi membrane, the PAS complex, consisting of FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase (PIKFYVE), yeast VAC14 homologue (VAC14), and polyphosphoinositide phosphatase aka SAC3 (FIG4), binds to the membrane via PIKFYVE's FYVE finger. The FIG4 phosphatase component dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) (Sbrissa et al. 2007, Sbrissa et al. 2008).

Evidence303
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11706043
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10419465
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10567352
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18950639
comment: At the Golgi membrane, the PAS complex, consisting of FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase (PIKFYVE), yeast VAC14 homologue (VAC14), and polyphosphoinositide phosphatase aka SAC3 (FIG4), binds to the membrane via PIKFYVE's FYVE finger (Sbrissa et al. 2002). The PIKFYVE kinase component phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate PI(3,5)P2 (Sbrissa et al. 1999, McEwen et al. 1999). The PAS complex is present in the cytosol and is recruited to the membrane (Sbrissa et al. 2007). VAC14 acts as a scaffolding protein via its C-terminal domain (Sbrissa et al. 2008).

Evidence302
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14527956
comment: At the Golgi membrane, phosphatidylinositide phosphatase SAC1 (SACM1L) dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to phosphatidylinositol (PI) but not as efficiently as phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) dephosphorylation. No significant activity of this enzyme towards phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) was detected (Rohde et al. 2003).

UniProt:Q10056
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref700
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5324173
type: PublicationXref
id: 5324173
author: Berg, P
author: Baldwin, AN
db: Pubmed
title: Transfer ribonucleic acid-induced hydrolysis of valyladenylate bound to isoleucyl ribonucleic acid synthetase
source: J Biol Chem 241:839-45
year: 1966

Evidence301
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8999962
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10766823
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7628435
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10805725
comment: At the Golgi membrane, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 (PIK3C3) aka VPS34 is bound to phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 (PIK3R4). This PIK3C3:PIK2R4 complex and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit alpha (PIK3C2A) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: PIK3C3:PIK2R4 (Panaretou et al. 1997, Volinia et al. 1995) and PIK3C2A (Arcaro et al. 2000, Domin et al. 2000).

Evidence300
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14527956
comment: At the Golgi membrane, phosphatidylinositide phosphatase SAC1 (SACM1L) efficiently dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), and to a lesser extent phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), to phosphatidylinositol (PI). No significant activity of this enzyme towards phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) was detected (Rohde et al. 2003).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5324172
type: PublicationXref
id: 5324172
author: Berg, P
author: Baldwin, AN
db: Pubmed
title: Purification and properties of isoleucyl ribonucleic acid synthetase from Escherichia coli
source: J Biol Chem 241:831-8
year: 1966

Evidence308
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18753295
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9367159
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12422219
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9660759
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19896968
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9211928
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11604140
comment: At the plasma membrane, phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 alpha (PIP4K2A) and beta (PIP4K2B) homodimers and heterodimers (Clarke et al. 2010), along with phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha (PIP5K1A), beta (PIP5K1B), and gamma (PIP5K1C) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: PIP4K2A (Zhang et al. 1997, Rameh et al. 1997, Clarke et al. 2008), PIP4K2B (Zhang et al. 1997, Rameh et al. 1997), PIP5K1A (Zhang et al. 1997, Tolias et al. 1998), PIP5K1B (Zhang et al. 1997, Tolias et al. 1998), and PIP5K1C (Wenk et al. 2001, Di Paolo et al. 2002).

Evidence309
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14660569
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12118066
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17008356
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11676921
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15840652
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11302699
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10224048
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12646134
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11733541
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16914545
comment: At the plasma membrane, synaptojanin-1 aka Synaptic inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SYNJ1) (Guo et al. 1999), -2 (SYNJ2) and some myotubularins (MTMs) dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to phosphatidylinositol (PI). The MTMs involved are: myotubularin (MTM1) (Cao et al. 2007, Tronchere et al. 2004, Schaletzky et al. 2003, Laporte et al. 2002, Kim et al. 2002) and myotubularin-related proteins 1 (MTMR1) (Kim et al. 2002, Tronchere et al. 2004), 3 (MTMR3) (Kim et al. 2002, Zhao et al. 2001, Walker et al. 2001, Lorenzo et al. 2005), 6 (MTMR6) (Schaletzky et al. 2003, Kim et al. 2002, Choudhury et al. 2006), and 14 (MTMR14) (Tosch et al. 2006).

Evidence306
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10559940
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14527956
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18950639
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11279162
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10766823
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10805725
comment: At the Golgi membrane, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) is primarily generated from phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol (PI). Other phosphoinositides are also generated by the action of various kinases and phosphatases such as: phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2), phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) (Godi et al. 1999, Minogue et al. 2001, Rohde et al. 2003, Sbrissa et al. 2007, Sbrissa et al. 2008, Domin et al. 2000, Arcaro et al. 2000).

Evidence307
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9428629
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15080793
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12536145
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10753883
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11084340
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10224048
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10593988
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18093523
comment: At the plasma membrane, Synaptojanin-1 (SYNJ1) and -2 (SYNJ2), inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase K (INPP5K) aka SKIP, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A (INPP5J) aka PIPP dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) to form phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P). SYNJ1/2 both have an N-terminal Sac1-like domain, a central 5-phosphatase domain and a C-terminal proline-rich segment, with this latter part being the most divergent part of the protein sequence. The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: SYNJ1 (Johenning et al. 2004, Haffner et al. 1997, Guo et al. 1999, Mani et al. 2007), SYNJ2 (Malecz et al. 2000), INPP5K (Injuin et al. 2000, Gurung et al. 2003), and INPP5J (Gurung et al. 2003, Mochizuki & Takenawa 1999).

RelationshipXref678
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597973
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597973

RelationshipXref679
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015139
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref676
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597954
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597954

RelationshipXref677
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047536
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref680
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602736
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602736

UniProt:Q10066
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref4661
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref682
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047312
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref681
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006554
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UniProt:Q10061
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9867
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref684
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008124
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10062
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref5043
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref683
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604379
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604379

RelationshipXref686
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006559
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref685
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598070
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598070

Evidence314
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15080793
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11084340
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10224048
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18093523
comment: At the plasma membrane, synaptic inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 aka Synaptojanin-1 (SYNJ1) (Guo et al. 1999, Mani et al. 2007, Johenning et al. 2004) and -2 (SYNJ2) (Malecz et al. 2000) dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) phosphatidylinositol (PI). The SAC1 domains of SYNJ1 and SYNJ2 demonstrate 4-phosphatase activity.

Evidence313
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11923287
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11279162
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12324459
comment: At the plasma membrane, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2-alpha (PI4K2A) (Balla et al. 2002, Minogue et al. 2001) and beta (PI4K2B) (Balla et al. 2002, Wei et al. 2002) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15526160
type: PublicationXref
id: 15526160
author: Rönnstrand, L
db: Pubmed
title: Signal transduction via the stem cell factor receptor/c-Kit
source: Cell Mol Life Sci 61:2535-48
year: 2004

Evidence316
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11706043
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10419465
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
comment: At the early endosome membrane, the PAS complex, consisting of FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase (PIKFYVE), yeast VAC14 homologue (VAC14), and polyphosphoinositide phosphatase aka SAC3 (FIG4), binds to the membrane via PIKFYVE's FYVE finger (Sbrissa et al. 2002, Cao et al. 2007). The PIKFYVE kinase component phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate PI(3,5)P2 (Sbrissa et al. 1999). The PAS complex is present in the cytosol and is recruited to the membrane (Sbrissa et al. 2007).

Evidence315
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12536145
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10224048
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9660759
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12646134
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11733541
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19896968
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9211928
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9113989
comment: At the plasma membrane, subsequent phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) produces phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) while the actions of various other kinases and phosphatases produces phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P), phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2), and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) (Zhang et al. 1997, Gurung et al. 2003, Guo et al. 1999, Vanhaesebroeck et al. 1997, Tolias et al. 1998, Schaletzky et al. 2003, Kim et al. 2002, Clarke et al. 2010).

Evidence310
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11084340
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10224048
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18093523
comment: At the plasma membrane, synaptic inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 aka synaptojanin-1 (SYNJ1) (Guo et al. 1999, Mani et al. 2007) and -2 (SYNJ2) (Malecz et al. 2000) dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P).

UniProt:Q10067
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6785
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence312
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18753295
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9367159
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19896968
comment: At the plasma membrane, phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 alpha (PIP4K2A) and beta (PIP4K2B) homodimers and heterodimers (Clarke et al. 2010) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P) to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: PIP4K2A (Rameh et al. 1997, Clarke et al. 2008) and PIP4K2B (Rameh et al. 1997).

Evidence311
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14660569
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12118066
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17008356
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11676921
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15840652
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10224048
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12646134
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16914545
comment: At the plasma membrane, synaptojanin-1 aka Synaptic inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SYNJ1) (Guo et al. 1999), -2 (SYNJ2) and some myotubularins (MTMs) dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) to phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P). The MTMs involved are: myotubularin (MTM1) (Cao et al. 2007, Tronchere et al. 2004, Schaletzky et al. 2003, Laporte et al. 2002) and myotubularin-related proteins 1 (MTMR1) (Tronchere et al. 2004), 3 (MTMR3) (Walker et al. 2001, Lorenzo et al. 2005), 6 (MTMR6) (Schaletzky et al. 2003, Choudhury et al. 2006), and 14 (MTMR14) (Tosch et al. 2006).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11698410
type: PublicationXref
id: 11698410
author: Bambara, RA
author: DeMott, Michael S
author: Ranalli, TA
db: Pubmed
title: Mechanism underlying replication protein a stimulation of DNA ligase I
source: J. Biol. Chem. 277:1719-27
year: 2002

APC/C-mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 246026.1
pathway component: Regulation of APC/C activators between G1/S and early anaphase
evidence: Evidence1114
xref: RelationshipXref1047
xref: UnificationXref7379
xref: UnificationXref7378
pathway order: PathwayStep1104
pathway order: PathwayStep1102
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence317
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17556371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18950639
comment: At the early endosome membrane, the PAS complex, consisting of FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase (PIKFYVE), yeast VAC14 homologue (VAC14), and polyphosphoinositide phosphatase aka SAC3 (FIG4), binds to the membrane via PIKFYVE's FYVE finger. The FIG4 phosphatase component dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) (Sbrissa et al. 2007, Sbrissa et al. 2008).

Evidence318
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17651088
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8999962
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10766823
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7628435
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10805725
comment: At the early endosome membrane, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 (PIK3C3) aka VPS34 binds to phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 (PIK3R4). The PIK3C3:PIK3R4 complex and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit alpha (PIK3C2A) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: PIK3C3:PIK3R4 complex (Panaretou et al. 1997, Volinia et al. 1995, Cao et al. 2007) and PIK3C2A (Arcaro et al. 2000, Domin et al. 2000).

Evidence319
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11923287
comment: At the early endosome membrane, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2-alpha/beta (PI4K2A/B) (Balla et al. 2002) phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (PI) to produce phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P).

RelationshipXref687
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004657
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref688
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597900
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597900

RelationshipXref689
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003842
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10660545
type: PublicationXref
id: 10660545
author: Fishel, R
author: Acharya, S
author: Gradia, S
db: Pubmed
title: The role of mismatched nucleotides in activating the hMSH2-hMSH6 molecular switch
source: J. Biol. Chem. 275:3922-30
year: 2000

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9606196
type: PublicationXref
id: 9606196
author: Newton, E M
author: Kingston, R E
author: Brown, S A
author: Weirich, C S
db: Pubmed
title: Transcriptional activation domains stimulate initiation and elongation at different times and via different residues
source: EMBO J. 17:3146-54
year: 1998

(Indol-3-yl)pyruvate
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: ChEBI:29750 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvic acid
name: Indolepyruvic acid
name: 3-(Indol-3-yl)pyruvate
name: Indole-3-pyruvate
name: Indolepyruvate
name: 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvic acid
xref: UnificationXref4562

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2462567
type: PublicationXref
id: 2462567
author: de Jong, WW
author: Stapel, SO
author: Lietman, T
author: Wistow, GJ
author: Piatigorsky, J
author: Williams, LA
author: Horwitz, J
db: Pubmed
title: Tau-crystallin/alpha-enolase: one gene encodes both an enzyme and a lens structural protein
source: J Cell Biol 107:2729-36
year: 1988

UniProt:P24488
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1810
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17035228
type: PublicationXref
id: 17035228
author: Ron, D
author: Zilpa, T
author: Shabtay, A
author: Dym, N
author: Preger, E
author: Ziv, I
author: Harduf, H
author: Fuchs, Y
db: Pubmed
title: The human sef-a isoform utilizes different mechanisms to regulate receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways and subsequent cell fate
source: J Biol Chem 281:39225-35
year: 2006

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10496324
type: PublicationXref
id: 10496324
author: Dharmawardhane, S
author: Lennartz, M
author: Bokoch, GM
author: Brownson, D
db: Pubmed
title: Localization of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) to pseudopodia, membrane ruffles, and phagocytic cups in activated human neutrophils
source: J Leukoc Biol 66:521-7
year: 1999

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12324224
type: PublicationXref
id: 12324224
author: Sprecher, H
db: Pubmed
title: The roles of anabolic and catabolic reactions in the synthesis and recycling of polyunsaturated fatty acids
source: Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 67:79-83
year: 2002

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11533233
type: PublicationXref
id: 11533233
author: Fox, PL
author: Sonenberg, N
author: Imataka, H
author: Seshadri, V
author: Mazumder, B
db: Pubmed
title: Translational silencing of ceruloplasmin requires the essential elements of mRNA circularization: poly(A) tail, poly(A)-binding protein, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G
source: Mol Cell Biol 21:6440-9
year: 2001

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9741684
type: PublicationXref
id: 9741684
author: Edwards, PA
author: Shell, BK
author: Greene, JM
author: Ericsson, J
author: Carter, KC
author: Florence, C
author: Duan, DR
db: Pubmed
title: Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: isolation of the cDNA, chromosomal mapping and tissue expression
source: J Lipid Res 39:1731-9
year: 1998

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9188776
type: PublicationXref
id: 9188776
author: Rider, MH
author: Veiga-da-Cunha, M
author: Gerin, I
author: Van Schaftingen, E
author: Collet, JF
db: Pubmed
title: Human L-3-phosphoserine phosphatase: sequence, expression and evidence for a phosphoenzyme intermediate
source: FEBS Lett 408:281-4
year: 1997

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3532102
type: PublicationXref
id: 3532102
author: Bartfeld, D
author: Yavin, Z
author: Geller, T
author: Aviv, H
author: Gorecki, M
author: Kanner, D
author: Hartman, J R
db: Pubmed
title: High-level expression of enzymatically active human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in Escherichia coli
source: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:7142-6
year: 1986

UnificationXref6285
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602746
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602746

UnificationXref6284
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_243041
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_243041.1

UnificationXref6283
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607669
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607669

UnificationXref6282
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_250754
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_250754.1

UnificationXref6281
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603377
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603377

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10101268
type: PublicationXref
id: 10101268
author: Heilmeyer LM, Jr
author: Gehrmann, T
author: Balla, A
author: Herberg, FW
author: Mayr, Georg W
author: Suer, S
author: Gülkan, H
author: Vereb, G
db: Pubmed
title: Functional expression and characterisation of a new human phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase PI4K230
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 1437:341-56
year: 1999

UnificationXref6280
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603375
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603375

UnificationXref6289
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10074
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6288
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602747
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602747

UnificationXref6287
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2613
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2613.2

UnificationXref6286
type: UnificationXref
id: 113538
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113538

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10615129
type: PublicationXref
id: 10615129
author: Mauro, T
author: Ikeda, S
author: Bonifas, JM
author: Beech, J
author: Bench, G
author: Ogawa, H
author: Hu, Z
author: Shigihara, T
author: Epstein EH, Jr
db: Pubmed
title: Mutations in ATP2C1, encoding a calcium pump, cause Hailey-Hailey disease
source: Nat Genet 24:61-5
year: 2000

UnificationXref6272
type: UnificationXref
id: 425977
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425977

UnificationXref6271
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20336
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20336.1

UnificationXref6274
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603345
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603345

UnificationXref6273
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_19873
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_19873.2

UnificationXref6270
type: UnificationXref
id: 425999
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425999

UnificationXref6279
type: UnificationXref
id: O59782
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6276
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id: REACT_241618
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_241618.1

UnificationXref6275
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603347
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603347

UnificationXref6278
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_232570
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_232570.1

UnificationXref6277
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607667
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607667

UnificationXref8403
type: UnificationXref
id: P49373
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8402
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600156
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600156

UnificationXref8405
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600157
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600157

UnificationXref8404
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600144
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600144

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15548136
type: PublicationXref
id: 15548136
author: Zhao, ZS
author: Manser, E
db: Pubmed
title: PAK and other Rho-associated kinases--effectors with surprisingly diverse mechanisms of regulation
source: Biochem J 386:201-14
year: 2005

UnificationXref8401
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9UR24
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8400
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600148
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600148

Evidence383
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Lipids are hydrophobic but otherwise chemically diverse molecules that play a wide variety of roles in human biology. They include ketone bodies, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phospholipids and sphingolipids, eicosanoids, cholesterol, bile salts, steroid hormones, and fat-soluble vitamins. They function as a major source of energy (fatty acids, triacylglycerols, and ketone bodies), are major constituents of cell membranes (cholesterol and phospholipids), play a major role in their own digestion and uptake (bile salts), and participate in numerous signaling and regulatory processes (steroid hormones, eicosanoids, phosphatidylinositols, and sphingolipids). Because of their poor solubility in water, most lipids in extracellular spaces in the human body are found as complexes with specific carrier proteins. Regulation of the formation and movement of these lipoprotein complexes is a critical aspect of human lipid metabolism, and lipoprotein abnormalities are associated with major human disease processes including atherosclerosis and diabetes. The central steroid in human biology is cholesterol, obtained from animal fats consumed in the diet or synthesized de novo from acetyl-coenzyme A. (Vegetable fats contain various sterols but no cholesterol.) Cholesterol is an essential constituent of lipid bilayer membranes and is the starting point for the biosyntheses of bile acids and salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D. Bile acids and salts are mostly synthesized in the liver. They are released into the intestine and function as detergents to solubilize dietary fats. Steroid hormones are mostly synthesized in the adrenal gland and gonads. They regulate energy metabolism and stress responses (glucocorticoids), salt balance (mineralocorticoids), and sexual development and function (androgens and estrogens). At the same time, chronically elevated cholesterol levels in the body are associated with the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and hence increased risk of heart attack…

Evidence382
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11051212
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19531029
xref: PublicationXref700
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17482885
comment: The length of the polyisoprenoid chain of ubiquinone aka coenzyme Q (Q), varies depending on the species involved: it is 6 in budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, (Q6) and 10 in humans (Q10). Most ubiquinone is naturally reduced to ubiquinol (Q10H2 in humans) and it is this form which dominates in most human tissues. It functions as an ubiquitous coenzyme in redox reactions and its ability both to associate with complexes I and III of the electron transport chain and to move freely in the inner mitochondrial membrane are central to its role in electron transport. In eukaryotes ubiquinones/ubiquinols are also found in other membranes such as the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi vesicles, lysosomes and peroxisomes. Ubiquinol/ubiquinone is synthesized in the following way. Initially, the polyisoprenoid tail is assembled by a polyprenyl diphosphate synthase. Next, 4 hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase (COQ2) catalyses the formation of the covalent linkage between the benzoquinone head group and the tail to produce 4 hydroxy 3 polyprenyl benzoic acid intermediate (DHB, 3 decaprenyl 4 hydroxybenzoic acid in humans). There follows modifications of the aromatic ring starting with hydroxylation, followed by O methylation, and decarboxylation to form the 2 methoxy 6 polyprenyl phenol intermediate (DMPhOH ; 2 methoxy 6 decaprenylphenol in humans). Following this, two additional methylations, one C methylation, and one O methylation step, finally generate the fully substituted hydroquinone, ubiquinol (Szkopinska 2000, Kagan & Quinn 2000, Tran & Clarke 2007, Kawamukai 2009).

Evidence385
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12161432
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11588141
comment: Acetylcholine released by parasympathetic nerve endings in the pancreas causes a potentiation of insulin release when glucose is present at concentrations greater than about 7 mM. Acetylcholine binds the Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor M3 on pancreatic beta cells. The binding has two effects: an increase in permeability of the cell to Na+ ions through an unknown mechanism, and the activation of Phospholipase C beta-1 through a heterotrimeric G protein, G(q). After acetylcholine binds the Muscarinic Acetycholine Receptor M3, the receptor activates the G protein Gq by causing the alpha subunit of Gq to exchange GDP for GTP. Activation of Gq in turn activates Phospholipase C beta-1. Phospholipase C beta-1 hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond at the third position of phosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, producing diacylglycerols (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. DAG remains in the cell membrane and causes Protein Kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) to translocate from the cytosol to the membrane. This results in the activation of PKC alpha which then phosphorylates target proteins on serine and threonine residues. One known target of PKC alpha is Myristoylated Alanine-rich C Kinase Substrate (MARCKS), which is believed to affect vesicle transport and may be responsible for the increased traffic of insulin granules seen in response to acetylcholine. Inositol trisphophate binds a receptor, the IP3 receptor, on calcium stores in the cell (probably the endoplasmic reticulum). The release of calcium into the cytosol stimulates the exocytosis of insulin granules.

Evidence384
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11588141
comment: Diacylglycerol, produced by PLC beta-mediated PIP2 hydrolysis in G alpha (q) signalling, remains in the plasma membrane and binds Protein Kinase C alpha (PKC-alpha), causing PKC-alpha to translocate from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. PKC-alpha is thereby activated and phosphorylates target proteins.

UnificationXref8406
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600158
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600158

UnificationXref8407
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_212347
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_212347.2

UnificationXref8408
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607375
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607375

Evidence381
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10777520
comment: Mitochondrial COQ3 is an O-methyltransferase required in the reaction to convert 3-demethylubiquinol-10 (DeMQ10H2) to ubiquinol-10 (Q10H2) (Jonassen & Clarke 2000).

UnificationXref8409
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206860
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206860.2

Evidence380
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10501970
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8621692
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16624818
comment: Ubiquinone biosynthesis protein COQ7 homolog (COQ7) (Vajo et al. 1999) catalyses the hydroxylation of 6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQ10H2) to 3-demethylubiquinol-10 (DeMQ10H2). This reaction is inferred from the equivalent reaction in yeast (Marbois & Clarke 1996, Tran et al. 2006).

Evidence387
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18200017
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11078440
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16556766
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11815463
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16321791
comment: Pancreatic beta cells integrate signals from several metabolites and hormones to control the secretion of insulin. In general, glucose triggers insulin secretion while other factors can amplify or inhibit the amount of insulin secreted in response to glucose. Factors which increase insulin secretion include the incretin hormones Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), acetylcholine, and fatty acids. Factors which inhibit insulin secretion include adrenaline and noradrenaline. Increased blood glucose levels from dietary carbohydrate play a dominant role in insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas. Glucose catabolism in the beta cell is the transducer that links increased glucose levels to insulin release. Glucose uptake and glycolysis generate cytosolic pyruvate; pyruvate is transported to mitochondria and converted both to oxaloacetate which increases levels of TCA cycle intermediates, and to acetyl-CoA which is oxidized to CO2 via the TCA cycle. The rates of ATP synthesis and transport to the cytosol increase, plasma membrane ATP-sensitive inward rectifying potassium channels (KATP channels) close, the membrane depolarizes, and voltage-gated calcium channels in the membrane open (Muoio and Newgard 2008; Wiederkehr and Wollheim 2006). Elevated calcium concentrations near the plasma membrane cause insulin secretion in two phases: an initial high rate within minutes of glucose stimulation and a slow, sustained release lasting longer than 30 minutes. In the initial phase, 50-100 insulin granules already docked at the membrane are exocytosed. Exocytosis is rendered calcium-dependent by Synaptotagmin V/IX, a calcium-binding membrane protein located in the membrane of the docked granule, although the exact action of Synapototagmin in response to calcium is unknown. Calcium also causes a translocation of reserve granules within the cell towards the plasma membrane for release in the second, sustained phase of secret…

Evidence386
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5840415
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9587671
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2648994
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5857365
comment: A family of antiport, ATP-ADP translocases, preferentially export ATP from the matrix while importing ADP from the cytosol, thereby maintaining a high ADP:ATP ratio in the matrix. When there are increased energy demands on the body, such as under heavy exercise, cytosolic ADP rises and is exchanged with mitochondrial matrix ATP via the transmembrane ADP:ATP translocase. Increased ADP causes the proton-motive force to be discharged and protons enter via ATPase, thereby regenerating the ATP pool. There are 3 isoforms of translocases in humans; isoform 1 is the heart/skeletal muscle form, isoform 2 is the fibroblast form and isoform 3 is the liver form. All isoforms exist as homodimers. The translocase can adopt 2 different conformations, called the CATR (carboxyatractyloside) and BA (bongkrekic acid) conformations. Amongst the endogenous nucleotides, only ADP and ATP can trigger the rapid conversion between the CATR and BA conformations. The reaction can be summed as below: ADPout + ATPin <-> ADPin + ATPout

Evidence389
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Adenylate cyclase catalyses the synthesis of cyclic AMP (cAMP) from ATP. In the absence of cAMP, protein kinase A (PKA) exists as inactive tetramers of two catalytic subunits and two regulatory subunits. cAMP binding to PKA tetramers causes them to dissociate and release their catalytic subunits as active monomers. Four isoforms of the regulatory subunit are known, that differ in their tissue specificity and functional characteristics, but the specific isoform activated in response to glucagon signaling has not yet been identified.

Evidence388
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16407073
comment: The four protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory subunit isoforms differ in their tissue specificity and functional characteristics. The specific isoform activated in response to glucagon signalling is not known. The PKA kinase is a tetramer of two regulatory and two catalytic. The regulatory subunits block the catalytic subunits. Binding of cAMP to the regulatory subunit leads to the dissociation of the tetramer into two active dimers made up of a regulatory and a catalytic subunit.

UnificationXref6290
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602748
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602748

UnificationXref6292
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_236221
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_236221.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18692476
type: PublicationXref
id: 18692476
author: Riggs, B
author: Loughlin, R
author: Heald, R
db: Pubmed
title: SnapShot: motor proteins in spindle assembly
source: Cell 134:548-548.e1
year: 2008

UnificationXref6291
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602750
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602750

UnificationXref6294
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602739
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602739

UnificationXref6293
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602738
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602738

UnificationXref6296
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602745
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602745

UnificationXref6295
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602743
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602743

UnificationXref6298
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607619
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607619

UnificationXref6297
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_249870
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_249870.1

UnificationXref6299
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_250753
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_250753.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7678419
type: PublicationXref
id: 7678419
author: Smith, BL
author: Agre, P
author: Knepper, MA
author: Christensen, EI
author: Nielsen, S
db: Pubmed
title: CHIP28 water channels are localized in constitutively water-permeable segments of the nephron
source: J Cell Biol 120:371-83
year: 1993

Evidence396
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12829246
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15509864
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10698692
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11724780
comment: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy levels. A high cellular ratio of AMP:ATP triggers the phosphorylation and activation of AMPK. Activated AMPK in turn phosphorylates a wide array of target proteins, as shown in the figure below (reproduced from (Hardie et al. 2003), with the permission of D.G. Hardie). These targets include ChREBP (Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein), whose inactivation by phosphorylation reduces transcription of key enzymes of the glycolytic and lipogenic pathways.

Evidence395
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15509864
comment: LKB1 phosphorylates threonine residue 172 of the alpha subunit of the AMPK heterotrimer, activating it. LKB1, a serine/threonine kinase, was first identified as the gene whose mutation is associated with the Peutz-Jeghers familial cancer syndrome. This disease phenotype is consistent with the hypothesis that the interaction between LKB1 and AMPK normally plays a key role in the negative regulation of cell growth (Hardie 2004).

Evidence394
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10698692
comment: At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'AMPK heterotrimer (inactive)', and 1 molecule of 'AMP' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'AMPK heterotrimer:AMP' is present. This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus'.

Evidence393
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12684532
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12721358
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12110366
comment: Xylulose-5-phosphate binds to Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), activating it. This regulatory step may be the crucial physiological link explaining the coordinately increased rates of glycolysis and lipogenesis generally observed in individuals consuming high-carbohydrate diets.

Evidence392
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12110366
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3539386
xref: PublicationXref719
comment: One of the downstream effects of insulin, mediated via protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), is increased synthesis of Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, an allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1). PFK1 in turn catalyzes the committed step of glycolysis so the net effect of this whole sequence of events set off by insulin is to increase cytosolic concentrations of the small molecules formed in the course of glycolysis. This in turn drives the increased synthesis of Xylulose-5-phosphate, itself a positive regulator of PP2A.

Evidence391
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12721358
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12626323
comment: Upon dissociation of protein kinase A (PKA) tetramers in the presence of cAMP, the released PKA catalytic monomers phosphorylate specific serine and threonine residues of several metabolic enzymes. These target enzymes include glycogen phosphorylase kinase, glycogen synthase and PF2K-Pase. PKA also phosphorylates ChREBP (Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein), preventing its movement into the nucleus and thus its function as a positive transcription factor for genes involved in glycolytic and lipogenic reactions.

Evidence390
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12626323
comment: Glucagon and insulin are peptide hormones released from the pancreas into the blood, that normally act in complementary fashion to stabilize blood glucose concentration. When blood glucose levels rise, insulin release stimulates glucose uptake from the blood, glucose breakdown (glycolysis), and glucose storage as glycogen. When blood glucose levels fall, glucagon release stimulates glycogen breakdown and de novo glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis), while inhibiting glycolysis and glycogen synthesis. At a molecular level, the binding of glucagon to the extracellular face of its receptor causes conformational changes in the receptor that allow the dissociation and activation of subunits Gs and Gq. The activation of Gq leads to the activation of phospholipase C, production of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate, and subsequent release of intracellular calcium. The activation of Gs leads to activation of adenylate cyclase, an increase in intracellular cAMP levels, and activation of protein kinase A (PKA). Active PKA phosphorylates key enzymes of glycogenolysis, glycogenesis, gluconeogenesis, and glycolysis, modifying their activities. These signal transduction events, and some of their downstream consequences, are illustrated below (adapted from Jiang and Zhang, 2003).

Evidence399
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11575290
comment: The PKLR gene is transcribed, its mRNA is translated, spliced, and translated to yield the L isoform of PKLR protein. PKLR expression is positively regulated by HNF1A. Mutations in HNF1A are associated with a form of MODY (maturity onset diabetes of the young) (Fanjans et al. 2001) but the molecular details of PKLR expression in intact pancreatic beta cells have not been studied in humans, and are inferred from corresponding ones worked out in the mouse.

Evidence398
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'pyruvate kinase, liver and RBC' is present. This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus'.

Evidence397
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12684532
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7592845
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12721358
comment: A member of the PP2A family of phosphatases dephosphorylates both cytosolic and nuclear forms of ChREBP (Carbohydrate Response Elemant Binding Protein). In the nucleus, dephosphorylated ChREBP complexes with MLX protein and binds to ChRE sequence elements in chromosomal DNA, activating transcription of genes involved in glycolysis and lipogenesis. The phosphatase is activated by Xylulose-5-phosphate, an intermediate of the pentose phosphate pathway (Kabashima et al. 2003). The rat enzyme has been purified to homogeneity and shown by partial amino acid sequence analysis to differ from previously described PP2A phosphatases (Nishimura and Uyeda 1995) - the human enzyme has not been characterized.

UnificationXref8420
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2556
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2556.2

UnificationXref8421
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600163
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600163

UnificationXref8422
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_223359
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_223359.2

UnificationXref8423
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607377
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607377

UnificationXref8424
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_202912
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_202912.2

UnificationXref8425
type: UnificationXref
id: 110295
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110295

UnificationXref8426
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5433
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5433.1

UnificationXref8427
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600164
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600164

phagocytic vesicle membrane
type: CellularLocationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref5443

Evidence364
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12815058
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12411432
comment: SGPP1 and 2 (sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1 and 2) enzymes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane catalyze the hydrolysis of cytosolic sphinganine 1-phosphate to form sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine) and orthophosphate (Johnson et al. 2003; Ogawa et al. 2003).

Evidence365
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10802064
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10751414
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10947957
comment: SPHK1 and 2 (sphingosine kinases 1 and 2) catalyze the reaction of sphingosine and ATP to form sphingosine 1-phosphate and ADP. Both enzymes are found in the cytosol (although they are also present in membrane-associated forms). Both enzymes also catalyze the phosphorylation of sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine) (Liu et al. 2000; Nava et al. 2000; Pitson et al. 2000).

Evidence366
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12815058
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12411432
comment: SGPP1 and 2 (sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1 and 2) enzymes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane catalyze the hydrolysis of cytosolic sphingosine 1-phosphate to form sphingosine and orthophosphate (Johnson et al. 2003; Ogawa et al. 2003).

Evidence367
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20919643
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12011104
comment: The main steps involved in de novo sphingolipid synthesis are annotated here (Merrill 2002, Gault et al. 2010).

Evidence368
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7504405
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3014515
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16595074
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15003450
comment: Alpha-galactosidase A (GLA) (Bishop et al. 1986) removes the terminal galactose residue from glycolipids or glycoproteins resulting in galactose and an alcohol. An example is the Fabry disease substrate globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) which is hydrolysed to form galactose and lactosylceramide. GLA functions as a homodimer (Garman & Garboczi 2004) and defects in this enzyme lead to Fabry disease (FD) (MIM:301500), a rare X-linked sphingolipidosis disease where glycolipids such as GB3 accumulate in many tissues (Garman & Garboczi 2004, Eng et al. 1993). Multiple mutations in GLA can cause the disease symptoms of Fabry disease (Shabeer et al. 2006).

Evidence369
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1740330
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1718266
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19405096
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1840600
comment: Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase (SMPD1), also called acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), is a lysosomal phosphodiesterase that hydrolyses sphingomyelin to ceramide and phosphocholine (Schuchman et al. 1991, Schuchman et al. 1992). Defects in SMPD1 are the cause of two types of Niemann-Pick disease. Type A (NPDA, Niemann-Pick disease classical infantile form) (MIM:257200) (Ferlinz et al. 1991) and type B (NPDB, Niemann-Pick disease visceral form) (MIM:607616) (Rodriguez-Pascau et al. 2009).

Defective HLCS causes multiple carboxylase deficiency
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 254863.1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction577
evidence: Evidence852
xref: UnificationXref5939
xref: UnificationXref5940
pathway order: PathwayStep846
pathway order: PathwayStep574
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8429
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607378
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607378

UnificationXref8428
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_208552
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_208552.2

Evidence360
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15063729
comment: DEGS2 (sphingolipid C4-hydroxylase 2 / âdegenerative spermatocyte homolog 2â) enzyme associated with the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum catalyzes the hydroxylation of dihydroceramide to form phytoceramide (Mizutani et al. 2004). Sequence similarity to the bifunctional mouse DEGS2 enzyme suggests that human DEGS2 protein might also catalyze the C4-dehydrogenation of dihydroceramide, but this hypothesis has not been tested experimentally.

Evidence361
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17023427
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11242114
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17331073
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10722674
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9363775
comment: SPTLC (serine palmitoyltransferase) enzyme complexes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane catalyze the reaction of palmitoyl-CoA and serine to form 3-ketosphinganine. SPTLC2 and SPTLC3 polypeptides exhibit enzyme activity when either is complexed with SPTLC1. SPTLC1 and 2 are abundant and widely expressed in human tissues, while SPTLC3 is expressed only in a smaller group of tissues and at variable levels. Results of studies in which siRNA was used to reduce levels of the three endogenous mRNAs differentially suggest that SPTLC2 and 3 both encode active serine palmitoyltransferases (Hornemann et al. 2006). Neither human nor mouse SPTLC1 has detectable enzyme activity, but the protein has an essential function, as mutations that disrupt it are associated with hereditary neuropathy (Dawkins et al. 2001). Studies of mouse and hamster proteins support the hypothesis that heterodimerization with SPTLC1 stabilizes SPTLC2 (or 3) and mediates its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane (Hanada et al. 2000; Weiss and Stoffel 1997). Analyses of complexes extracted from human placenta, and of cultured human cells over-expressing various SPTLC constructs, suggest that these heterodimers may associate into larger complexes (Hanada et al. 2000; Weiss and Stoffel 1997; Hornemann et al. 2006, 2007).

Evidence362
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10802064
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10751414
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10947957
comment: SPHK1 and 2 (sphingosine kinases 1 and 2) each catalyze the reaction of sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine) and ATP to form dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate and ADP. Both enzymes are found in the cytosol (although they are also present in membrane-associated forms). Both enzymes also catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine (Liu et al. 2000; Nava et al. 2000; Pitson et al. 2000).

UniProt:Q10074
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6289
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence363
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16793762
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18165233
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16100120
comment: LASS (âlongevity assurance homologâ, also known as ceramide synthase, CerS) enzymes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane catalyze the reaction of sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine) and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA such as stearyl-CoA to form a dihydroceramide and CoASH (Pewzner-Jung et al. 2006). Six human LASS genes have been identified; they differ in the identities of the fatty acyl CoAs that they use most efficiently as substrates (Lahiri and Futerman 2005; Laviad et al. 2008).

UnificationXref8411
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600160
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600160

UnificationXref8412
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_217752
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_217752.2

UnificationXref8410
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600159
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600159

UnificationXref8415
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600162
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600162

UnificationXref8416
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215897
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215897.2

UnificationXref8413
type: UnificationXref
id: 110298
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110298

UnificationXref8414
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2845
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2845.1

secretory granule membrane
type: CellularLocationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref6408

Evidence377
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21944752
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12721307
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21540551
comment: A flavin-dependent monooxygenase involved in ubiquinone/ubiquinol biosynthesis, COQ6 (Heeringa et al. 2011) catalyses the C5-hydroxylation of 3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) to 3,4-dihydroxy-5-decaprenylbenzoic acid (DHDB). COQ6 is a peripheral membrane protein that localizes to the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane (Gin et al. 2003). This reaction involving COQ6 is inferred from the equivalent reaction in yeast (Ozeir et al. 2011, Gin et al. 2003).

Evidence378
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10777520
comment: Mitochondrial COQ3 is an O-methyltransferase required in the reaction to convert 3,4-dihydroxy-5-decaprenylbenzoic acid (DHDB) to 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-decaprenylbenzoic acid (MHDB) (Jonassen & Clarke 2000).

Evidence375
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17916383
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16262699
comment: The polyprenyl diphosphate synthase consists of a tetramer comprising two units of decaprenyl-diphosphate synthase subunit 1 (PDSS1) and two units of decaprenyl-diphosphate synthase subunit 2 (PDSS2). It catalyses the combination of 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) with isopentenyl diphosphate (IPPP) to form the polyisoprenoid tail all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate (all-E-10PrP2) (Saiki et al. 2005, Tekle et al. 2008).

Evidence376
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17916383
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15153069
comment: 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase, mitochondrial (COQ2) catalyses the combination of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, aka para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHB) with the polyisoprenoid tail all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate (all-E-10PrP2) to form 3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) (Forsgren et a l. 2004, Tekle et al. 2008). This reaction is irreversible and occurs in the mitochondria.

Golgi-associated vesicle membrane
type: CellularLocationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref6068

Evidence379
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9083049
comment: 2-methoxy-6-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol methylase, mitochondrial (COQ5) catalyses the C-methyltransferase conversion of 2-methoxy-6-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol (MDMQ10H2) to 6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQ10H2). This reaction is inferred from the equivalent reaction in yeast (Barkovich et al. 1997).

UnificationXref8419
type: UnificationXref
id: 109960
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109960

Evidence370
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10823942
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9520418
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12566438
comment: The mammalian brain-specific, Mg2+-dependent, neutral sphingomyelin phosphodiesterases 2 (Tomiuk et al. 1998, Hofmann et al. 2000) and 3 (Marchesini et al. 2003) (SMPD2 and 3) hydrolyse sphingomyelin (SPHM) to ceramide (CERA) at the plasma membrane.

UnificationXref8418
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5428
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5428.1

UnificationXref8417
type: UnificationXref
id: 110303
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110303

Evidence373
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20919643
comment: The steps involved in the synthesis of glycosphingolipids (sphingolipids with one or more sugars attached) are annotated here (Gault et al. 2010).

UniProt:Q10085
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6384
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence374
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18216770
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18165232
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12011104
comment: Sphingolipids are derivatives of long chain sphingoid bases such as sphingosine (trans-1,3-dihydroxy 2-amino-4-octadecene), an 18-carbon unsaturated amino alcohol which is the most abundant sphingoid base in mammals. Amide linkage of a fatty acid to sphingosine yields ceramides. Esterification of phosphocholine to ceramides yields sphingomyelin, and ceramide glycosylation yields glycosylceramides. Introduction of sialic acid residues yields gangliosides. These molecules appear to be essential components of cell membranes, and intermediates in the pathways of sphingolipid synthesis and breakdown modulate processes including apoptosis and T cell trafficking. While sphingolipids are abundant in a wide variety of foodstuffs, these dietary molecules are mostly degraded by the intestinal flora and intestinal enzymes. The body primarily depends on de novo synthesis for its sphingolipid supply (Hannun and Obeid 2008; Merrill 2002). De novo synthesis proceeds in four steps: the condensation of palmitoyl-CoA and serine to form 3-ketosphinganine, the reduction of 3-ketosphinganine to sphinganine, the acylation of sphinganine with a long-chain fatty acyl CoA to form dihydroceramide, and the desaturation of dihydroceramide to form ceramide. Other sphingolipids involved in signaling are derived from ceramide and its biosynthetic intermediates. These include sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine) 1-phosphate, phytoceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1-phosphate. Sphingomyelin is synthesized in a single step in the membrane of the Golgi apparatus from ceramides generated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and transferred to the Golgi by CERT (ceramide transfer protein), an isoform of COL4A3BP that is associated with the ER membrane as a complex with PPM1L (protein phosphatase 1-like) and VAPA or VAPB (VAMP-associated proteins A or B). Sphingomyelin synthesis appears to be regulated primarily at the level of this transport process through the reversible phosphorylation of CERT …

UniProt:Q10088
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref4712
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence371
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12885774
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15458386
comment: Membrane-bound ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 (ENPP7) mediates the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide and choline phosphate (Duan et al. 2003, Wu et al. 2005).

Evidence372
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11956206
comment: Ceramide kinase (CERK) mediates the phosphorylation of ceramide (CERA) to the lipid second messenger, ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) (Sugiura et al. 2002).

UnificationXref8446
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607101
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607101

UnificationXref8447
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_239137
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_239137.1

UnificationXref8448
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607078
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607078

UnificationXref8449
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607079
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607079

UnificationXref8442
type: UnificationXref
id: O74773
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8443
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607073
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607073

UnificationXref8444
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607099
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607099

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11459976
type: PublicationXref
id: 11459976
author: Bell, SP
author: Klemm, RD
db: Pubmed
title: ATP bound to the origin recognition complex is important for preRC formation.
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:8361-7
year: 2001

UnificationXref8445
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607100
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607100

UnificationXref8440
type: UnificationXref
id: O74502
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8441
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607077
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607077

Evidence346
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3563417
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2768222
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6293969
comment: Another outer surface membrane-bound, homodimeric enzyme, dipeptidase, existing in two forms DPEP1 (Adachi et al. 1989) and DPEP2 (Lee et al. 1983, Raulf et al. 1987), further hydrolyses leukotriene D4 (LTD4) to leukotriene E4 (LTE4), cleaving a glycine residue in the process.

Evidence347
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19130894
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17623009
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19244215
xref: PublicationXref629
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6311078
comment: Leukotrienes (LTs) are biologically active molecules formed in response to inflammatory stimuli. They cause contraction of bronchial smooth muscles, stimulation of vascular permeability, and attraction and activation of leukocytes. LTs were discovered in 1938 and were termed the "slow release substance" (SRS) until their structures were determined in 1979 and they were then renamed to leukotrienes. LTs are derived from arachidonic acid through action by arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5). Cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) are generated as products derived from leukotriene A4 (LTA4). Eoxins are generated from leukotrienes (LTs) and resemble cysteinyl leukotrienes but have a different three-dimensional structure (Murphy & Gijon 2007, Hammarstrom 1983, MA.Claesson 2009, Vance & Vance 2008, Buczynski et al. 2009).

Evidence348
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11115402
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8428933
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10549853
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6816802
comment: Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) (Bryant et al. 1982, Sutherland et al. 2001), 2 (GPX2) (Chu et al. 1993), and 4 (Bryant et al. 1982, Sutherland et al. 2001) reduce 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HpETE) to 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) in the presence of glutathione (GSH). This reaction is inferred from the event in rabbit involving the protein GPX1 (Chiba et al. 1999).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19696148
type: PublicationXref
id: 19696148
author: Shintomi, Keishi
author: Hirano, Tatsuya
db: Pubmed
title: Releasing cohesin from chromosome arms in early mitosis: opposing actions of Wapl-Pds5 and Sgo1
source: Genes Dev. 23:2224-36
year: 2009

Evidence349
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19244215
xref: PublicationXref629
comment: 5-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HpETE), 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5S-HETE) and 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxoETE) are formed after the initial step of arachidonic acid oxidation by arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) (Buczynski et al. 2009, Vance & Vance 2008).

Evidence342
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2995393
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6490615
comment: Leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) is a monomeric, soluble enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the allylic epoxide leukotriene A4 (LTA4) to the dihydroxy acid leukotriene B4 (LTB4) (Radmark et al. 1984, McGee & Fitzpatrick 1985).

Evidence343
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9461497
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8394361
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8576264
comment: Prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) aka LTB4DH metabolizes eicosanoids by catalysing the oxidation of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) to form 12-oxo-Leukotriene B4 (12-oxoLTB4) aka 12-Keto-LTB4. The gene was originally cloned as leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase (LTB4DH) but was later discovered to have dual functionality as a prostaglandin reductase (Yokomizo et al. 1996). This reaction has been inferred from a reaction in pigs (Yokomizo et al. 1993, Ensor et al. 1998).

Evidence344
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2753893
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10064732
comment: On formation, leukotriene C4 (LTC4) is exported to the extracellular region by the ABCC1 transporter (Sjolinder et al. 1999, Lam et al. 1989) and processed further by cleavage reactions.

Evidence345
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21447318
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6122208
comment: The reversible conversion of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) to leukotriene D4 (LTD4) is catalysed by gamma-glutamyl transferases 1 (GGT1) and 5 (GGT5). GGTs are present on the outer surface of plasma membranes and are a heterodimer of a heavy and a light chain. Its action involves the cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond of glutathione conjugates, releasing glutamate (Anderson et al. 1982, Wickham et al. 2011).

Evidence340
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17449869
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8576264
comment: Prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) aka LTB4DH is a 13-prostaglandin reductase which metabolises eicosanoids by catalysing NADH/NADPH-dependant double bond reduction in 15-keto-prostaglandin E2 (15k-PGE2) and F2alpha (15k-PGF2a) to produce 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E2 (dhk-PGE2) and F2alpha (dhk-PGF2a) respectively (Yokomizo 1996). This has been inferred from the reaction event in mice involving prostaglandin reductase 2 (Ptgr2) (Chou et al. 2007).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11805327
type: PublicationXref
id: 11805327
author: Isshiki, Keiji
author: Leitges, Michael
author: Suzuma, Kiyoshi
author: King, George L
author: Takahara, Noriko
author: Aiello, Lloyd Paul
author: Suzuma, Izumi
author: Ueki, Kohjiro
db: Pubmed
title: Characterization of protein kinase C beta isoform's action on retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation, vascular endothelial growth factor-induced endothelial cell proliferation, and retinal neovascularization
source: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:721-6
year: 2002

Evidence341
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20655950
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19244215
xref: PublicationXref629
comment: The bioactive prostaglandin (PG) signalling molecules, including PGA2, PGE2, PGF2a, and PGI2 (prostacyclin) are synthesised from arachidonic acid and its products by various prostaglandin synthase type enzymes. Prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) is the starting point for the synthesis of Thromboxanes (TXs) (Buczynski et al. 2009, Vance & Vance 2008). PGs and TXs are collectively known as the prostanoids. Two enzymes, PTGS1 and 2 (COX1 and 2) both catalyze the two-step conversion of arachidonic acid to PGH2. PTGS1 is constitutively expressed in many cell types while PTGS2 is induced in response to stress and mediates the syntheses of prostaglandins associated with pain, fever, and inflammation. Aspirin irreversibly inactivates both enzymes (though it acts more efficiently on PTGS1), explaining both its antiinflammatory effects and side effects like perturbed gastic acid secretion. Drugs like celecoxib, by specifically inhibiting PTGS2, have a strong anti-inflammatory effect with fewer side effects. These PTGS2-specific drugs, however, probably because of their effects on the balance of prostaglandin synthesis in platelets and endothelial cells, can also promote blood clot formation (Buczynski et al. 2009; Stables & Gilroy 2011).

UniProt:Q10094
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref5202
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10093
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref5204
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8437
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_209210
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_209210.2

UnificationXref8438
type: UnificationXref
id: 5358514
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5358514

UnificationXref8435
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_218380
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_218380.2

UnificationXref8436
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607244
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607244

UnificationXref8433
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_222340
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_222340.2

UnificationXref8434
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607376
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607376

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17189949
type: PublicationXref
id: 17189949
author: Maness, PF
author: Schachner, M
db: Pubmed
title: Neural recognition molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily: signaling transducers of axon guidance and neuronal migration
source: Nat Neurosci 10:19-26
year: 2007

UnificationXref8431
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600165
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600165

UnificationXref8432
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600166
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600166

UnificationXref8430
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225494
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225494.2

Evidence359
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11937514
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9312549
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9188692
comment: DEGS1 (sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase 1 / âdegenerative spermatocyte homolog 1â) enzyme associated with the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum catalyzes the desaturation of dihydroceramide to form ceramide (Cadena et al. 1997; Ternes et al. 2002). The stoichiometry and cofactor requirements of the reaction are inferred from those observed in studies of ceramide synthesis in vitro catalyzed by rat liver microsomes (Michel et al. 1997). DEGS1 may also catalyze the 4-hydroxylation of dihydroceramide to form 4-hydroxysphinganine, but with low efficiency.

Evidence357
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19244215
xref: PublicationXref629
comment: Eicosanoids, oxygenated, 20-carbon fatty acids, are autocrine and paracrine signaling molecules that modulate physiological processes including pain, fever, inflammation, blood clot formation, smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, and the release of gastric acid. Eicosanoids are synthesized in humans primarily from arachidonic acid (all-cis 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid) that is released from membrane phospholipids. Once released, arachidonic acid is acted on by prostaglandin G/H synthases (PTGS, also known as cyclooxygenases (COX)) to form prostaglandins and thromboxanes, by arachidonate lipoxygenases (ALOX) to form leukotrienes, epoxygenases (cytochrome P450s and epoxide hydrolase) to form epoxides such as 15-eicosatetraenoic acids, and omega-hydrolases (cytochrome P450s) to form hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (Buczynski et al. 2009, Vance & Vance 2008). Levels of free arachidonic acid in the cell are normally very low so the rate of synthesis of eicosanoids is determined primarily by the activity of phospholipase A2, which mediates phospholipid cleavage to generate free arachidonic acid. The enzymes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism are typically constitutively expressed so the subset of these enzymes expressed by a cell determines the range of eicosanoids it can synthesize. Eicosanoids are unstable, undergoing conversion to inactive forms with half-times under physiological conditions of seconds or minutes. Many of these reactions appear to be spontaneous.

Evidence358
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15328338
comment: KDSR (3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase) enzyme associated with the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane catalyzes the reduction of 3-ketosphinganine by NADPH to form sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine) (Kihara and Igarashi 2004).

Evidence355
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8576264
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10837478
comment: Prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) aka LTB4DH, a 15-oxoprostaglandin 13-reductase (Yokomizo et al. 1996), metabolises 15-oxo lipoxin A4 aka 15-keto-LXA4 (15k-LXA4) to produce 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-Lipoxin A4 (dhk-LXA4). This reaction has been inferred from a reaction in pig (Clish et al. 2000).

Evidence356
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19244215
xref: PublicationXref629
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16968948
comment: Lipoxins A4 (LXA4) and B4 (LXB4), structurally characterized from human neutrophils incubated with 15-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HpETE), each contain three hydroxyl moieties and a conjugated tetraene. The third hydroxyl of LXA4 is positioned at C-6, and of LXB4 at C-14. The action of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5), in concert with an arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) or arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) activity, has been shown to produce lipoxins by three distinct pathways. Neutrophil ALOX5 can produce and secrete leukotriene A4 (LTA4) that is taken up by platelets, where it is acted upon by ALOX12 to form lipoxins. Likewise, ALOX15s can generate either 15-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HpETE) or 15-hydro-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) that can be taken up by monocytes and neutrophils, where highly expressed ALOX5 uses it to generate lipoxins. Finally, aspirin acetylated prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), rendered unable to synthesize prostaglandins, can act as a 15-lipoxygenase. This leads to the formation of 15R-HETE and culminates in creation of epi-lipoxins, which have altered stereochemistry at the C-15 hydroxyl but similar biological potency (Chiang et al. 2006, Buczynski et al. 2009, Vance & Vance 2008).

Evidence353
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11115402
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8428933
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6816802
comment: Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) (Bryant et al. 1982, Sutherland et al. 2001), 2 (GPX2) (Chu et al. 1993), and 4 (Bryant et al. 1982, Sutherland et al. 2001) are involved in converting 12S-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HpETE) to 12S-hydro-eicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HETE). GPXs are selenoenzymes that are responsible for reducing the cellular peroxide. Cellular GPXs compete with hepoxilins A3 (HXA3) synthase for 12S-HpETE as substrate either to produce 12S-HETE or to convert to HXA3, respectively.

Evidence354
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19244215
xref: PublicationXref629
comment: The 12-eicosatetraenoic acids: 12-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HpETE), 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 12-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-oxoETE) are formed after the initial step of arachidonic acid oxidation by the arachidonate 12 and 15 lipoxygenases (ALOX12, ALOX12B and ALOX15 respectively). This part of the pathway is bifurcated at the level of 12S-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HpETE), which can either be reduced to 12S-hydro-eicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HETE) or converted to hepoxilins (Buczynski et al. 2009, Vance & Vance 2008).

Evidence351
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19244215
xref: PublicationXref629
comment: The 15-eicosatetraenoic acids: 15-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HpETE), 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) and 15-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-oxoETE) are formed after the initial step of arachidonic acid oxidation by the arachidonate 15-lipoxygenases (ALOX15 and ALOX15B) (Buczynski et al. 2009, Vance & Vance 2008).

Evidence352
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11115402
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8428933
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6816802
comment: Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) (Bryant et al. 1982, Sutherland et al. 2001), 2 (GPX2) (Chu et al. 1993), and 4 (Bryant et al. 1982, Sutherland et al. 2001) are involved in converting 12R-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12R-HpETE) to 12R-hydro-eicosatetraenoic acid (12R-HETE).

Evidence350
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2501828
comment: Glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) in human platelets (either GPX1, GPX2, or GPX4 are present in the cytosol) are involved in reducing 15S-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15S-HpETE) to 15S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15S-HETE) (Hill et al. 1989).

UnificationXref8439
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_228358
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_228358.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12121577
type: PublicationXref
id: 12121577
author: Safrany, ST
author: Leslie, NR
author: McLennan, AG
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning and characterisation of hAps1 and hAps2, human diadenosine polyphosphate-metabolising Nudix hydrolases
source: BMC Biochem 3:20
year: 2002

Glycolysis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction48
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction47
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction49
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction53
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction44
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction52
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction51
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction46
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction50
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction45
evidence: Evidence87
xref: UnificationXref1093
xref: UnificationXref1092
xref: RelationshipXref59
pathway order: PathwayStep83
pathway order: PathwayStep82
pathway order: PathwayStep81
pathway order: PathwayStep80
pathway order: PathwayStep75
pathway order: PathwayStep76
pathway order: PathwayStep74
pathway order: PathwayStep79
pathway order: PathwayStep77
pathway order: PathwayStep78
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8450
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607111
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607111

UnificationXref8452
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7W6
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8451
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_250423
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_250423.1

UnificationXref8458
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607081
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607081

UnificationXref8457
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607080
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607080

UnificationXref8459
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_251484
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_251484.1

UnificationXref8454
type: UnificationXref
id: P54280
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9556621
type: PublicationXref
id: 9556621
author: Riese DJ, 2nd
author: Stern, DF
author: Komurasaki, T
author: Plowman, GD
db: Pubmed
title: Activation of ErbB4 by the bifunctional epidermal growth factor family hormone epiregulin is regulated by ErbB2
source: J Biol Chem 273:11288-94
year: 1998

UnificationXref8453
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607064
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607064

UnificationXref8456
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607069
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607069

UnificationXref8455
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607068
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607068

UnificationXref6206
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605100
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605100

UnificationXref6207
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605101
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605101

UnificationXref6208
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605102
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605102

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9792662
type: PublicationXref
id: 9792662
author: Morgunov, I
author: Srere, PA
db: Pubmed
title: Interaction between citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase. Substrate channeling of oxaloacetate
source: J Biol Chem 273:29540-29544
year: 1998

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11459989
type: PublicationXref
id: 11459989
author: Paulusma, C
author: Wyman, C
author: Kanaar, R
author: Ristic, D
db: Pubmed
title: The architecture of the human Rad54-DNA complex provides evidence for protein translocation along DNA.
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:8454-60
year: 2001

UnificationXref6209
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605103
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605103

UnificationXref8463
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607096
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607096

UnificationXref8462
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607094
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607094

UnificationXref8461
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_228484
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_228484.1

UnificationXref8460
type: UnificationXref
id: 5358526
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5358526

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2344612
type: PublicationXref
id: 2344612
author: McKeon, F
author: Heald, R
db: Pubmed
title: Mutations of phosphorylation sites in lamin A that prevent nuclear lamina disassembly in mitosis
source: Cell 61:579-89
year: 1990

UnificationXref8469
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_231251
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_231251.1

UnificationXref6201
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_111412
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_111412.1

UnificationXref8468
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607110
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607110

UnificationXref6200
type: UnificationXref
id: 1454919
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1454919

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7506871
type: PublicationXref
id: 7506871
author: Hübner, S
author: Appelhans, H
author: Wagner, S
author: Drenckhahn, D
author: Kollert-Jöns, A
db: Pubmed
title: Anion exchanger 1 in human kidney and oncocytoma differs from erythroid AE1 in its NH2 terminus
source: Am J Physiol 265:F813-21
year: 1993

UnificationXref8467
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607109
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607109

UnificationXref6203
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605097
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605097

UnificationXref8466
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607105
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607105

UnificationXref6202
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605096
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605096

UnificationXref8465
type: UnificationXref
id: P53695
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6205
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605099
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605099

UnificationXref8464
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_238651
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_238651.1

UnificationXref6204
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605098
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605098

UnificationXref6219
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_246599
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_246599.1

UnificationXref6217
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206657
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206657.2

UnificationXref6218
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607636
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607636

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19373259
type: PublicationXref
id: 19373259
author: Pauli, Silke
author: Koch, HG
author: Linnebank, Michael
author: Häberle, Johannes
author: Berning, Christoph
db: Pubmed
title: TC II deficiency: avoidance of false-negative molecular genetics by RNA-based investigations
source: J. Hum. Genet. 54:331-4
year: 2009

UnificationXref8470
type: UnificationXref
id: 5358610
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5358610

UnificationXref8472
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607108
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607108

UnificationXref8471
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_228610
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_228610.1

UnificationXref8474
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607853
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607853

UnificationXref8473
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_248093
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_248093.1

Triacylglycerol biosynthesis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 218197.2
pathway component: lysophosphatidic acid + fatty acyl CoA => phosphatidic acid + CoA (1)
pathway component: Conversion of Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate to Glycerol -3- phosphate
pathway component: 1,2-diacyl-glycerol + acyl-CoA => triacylglycerol + CoASH [DGAT2]
pathway component: 1,2-diacyl-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O => 1,2-diacyl-glycerol + orthophosphate
evidence: Evidence187
xref: UnificationXref1751
xref: RelationshipXref181
xref: UnificationXref1752
pathway order: PathwayStep182
pathway order: PathwayStep181
pathway order: PathwayStep180
pathway order: PathwayStep179
pathway order: PathwayStep183
display name: Triglyceride Biosynthesis
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8476
type: UnificationXref
id: 5358527
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5358527

UnificationXref6216
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605115
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605115

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20198122
type: PublicationXref
id: 20198122
author: La Cava, Antonio
author: Matarese, Giuseppe
author: Lam, Queenie Lai Kwan
author: Lu, Liwei
author: Iikuni, Noriko
db: Pubmed
title: Leptin and Inflammation
source: Curr Immunol Rev 4:70-79
year: 2008

UnificationXref8475
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_241771
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_241771.1

UnificationXref6215
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605113
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605113

UnificationXref8478
type: UnificationXref
id: P26359
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6214
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605112
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605112

UnificationXref8477
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_229232
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_229232.1

UnificationXref6213
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7V2
db: UniProt

Formation of transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER) repair complex
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction831
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction832
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction833
evidence: Evidence1371
xref: UnificationXref8408
xref: UnificationXref8409
pathway order: PathwayStep1354
pathway order: PathwayStep1353
pathway order: PathwayStep1355
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6212
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605108
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605108

UnificationXref8479
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607085
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607085

UnificationXref6211
type: UnificationXref
id: Q92337
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6210
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605104
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605104

Formation of the Early Elongation Complex
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction872
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction871
evidence: Evidence1425
xref: UnificationXref8679
xref: UnificationXref8678
xref: RelationshipXref1144
pathway order: PathwayStep1407
pathway order: PathwayStep1408
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6228
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603321
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603321

UnificationXref6229
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603322
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603322

UnificationXref8481
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607092
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607092

UnificationXref8480
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607091
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607091

UnificationXref8485
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607097
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607097

UnificationXref8484
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607086
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607086

UnificationXref8483
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_235348
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_235348.1

cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
type: CellularLocationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref6139

Amino acid and oligopeptide SLC transporters
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 232160.1
pathway component: REACT 250753.1
evidence: Evidence1150
xref: UnificationXref7494
xref: UnificationXref7493
pathway order: PathwayStep901
pathway order: PathwayStep902
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8482
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607093
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607093

UnificationXref8489
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607098
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607098

UnificationXref6225
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603318
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603318

UnificationXref8488
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607087
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607087

UnificationXref6224
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_234179
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_234179.1

UnificationXref8487
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_234567
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_234567.1

UnificationXref6227
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603320
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603320

UnificationXref8486
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607112
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607112

UnificationXref6226
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603319
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603319

UnificationXref6221
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603314
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603314

UnificationXref6220
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603313
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603313

UnificationXref6223
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603317
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603317

UnificationXref6222
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603315
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603315

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19196711
type: PublicationXref
id: 19196711
author: Frankson, E
author: Bardwell, L
author: Bardwell, AJ
db: Pubmed
title: Selectivity of docking sites in MAPK kinases
source: J Biol Chem 284:13165-73
year: 2009

UnificationXref6239
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607663
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607663

UnificationXref6233
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_13894
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_13894.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8633070
type: PublicationXref
id: 8633070
author: Ullrich, A
author: Giot, JF
author: Møller, NP
author: Zahalka, MA
author: Lechner, C
db: Pubmed
title: ERK6, a mitogen-activated protein kinase involved in C2C12 myoblast differentiation
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:4355-9
year: 1996

UnificationXref6234
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603325
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603325

UnificationXref6231
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_254839
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_254839.1

UnificationXref6232
type: UnificationXref
id: 351626
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=351626

UnificationXref8497
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607107
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607107

UnificationXref6237
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603329
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603329

UnificationXref8498
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_241174
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_241174.1

UnificationXref6238
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_256657
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_256657.1

UnificationXref8499
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607855
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607855

UnificationXref6235
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603326
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603326

UnificationXref6236
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603327
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603327

UnificationXref8493
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607088
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607088

UnificationXref8494
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607090
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607090

UnificationXref8495
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_235012
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_235012.1

UnificationXref8496
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607106
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607106

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15153429
type: PublicationXref
id: 15153429
author: Berezin, V
author: Bock, E
author: Kiryushko, D
db: Pubmed
title: Regulators of neurite outgrowth: role of cell adhesion molecules
source: Ann N Y Acad Sci 1014:140-54
year: 2004

UniProt:P00046
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref664
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8490
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_258963
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_258963.1

UnificationXref6230
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603324
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603324

UnificationXref8491
type: UnificationXref
id: 5358521
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5358521

UnificationXref8492
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_228934
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_228934.1

UnificationXref6242
type: UnificationXref
id: 425815
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425815

UnificationXref6243
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_19724
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_19724.1

UnificationXref6244
type: UnificationXref
id: 425810
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425810

UnificationXref6245
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20181
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20181.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11124962
type: PublicationXref
id: 11124962
author: Wilson, GM
author: Brewer, G
author: Chuang, Ky
author: Sutphen, K
db: Pubmed
title: Folding of A+U-rich RNA elements modulates AUF1 binding. Potential roles in regulation of mRNA turnover
source: J Biol Chem 276:8695-704
year: 2001

UnificationXref6246
type: UnificationXref
id: P87122
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6247
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603333
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603333

UnificationXref6248
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603335
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603335

UnificationXref6249
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_254957
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_254957.1

UnificationXref6240
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_243999
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_243999.1

UnificationXref6241
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:49713
db: ChEBI

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20861159
type: PublicationXref
id: 20861159
author: Nilius, B
author: Colsoul, B
author: Gees, M
db: Pubmed
title: The role of transient receptor potential cation channels in Ca2+ signaling
source: Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2:a003962
year: 2010

PERK regulates gene expression
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: ATF4 activates genes
evidence: Evidence1638
xref: UnificationXref9913
xref: UnificationXref9914
xref: RelationshipXref1269
pathway order: PathwayStep1618
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6259
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603349
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603349

UnificationXref6257
type: UnificationXref
id: O13726
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6258
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603348
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603348

Activation of ATR in response to replication stress
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction656
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction651
evidence: Evidence985
xref: UnificationXref6719
xref: UnificationXref6720
xref: RelationshipXref995
pathway order: PathwayStep963
pathway order: PathwayStep975
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6255
type: UnificationXref
id: 425971
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425971

UnificationXref6256
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_20087
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_20087.2

UnificationXref6253
type: UnificationXref
id: 425978
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425978

UnificationXref6254
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_19509
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_19509.1

UnificationXref6251
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_248287
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_248287.1

UnificationXref6252
type: UnificationXref
id: GO:0031905
db: GENE ONTOLOGY

UnificationXref6250
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607664
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607664

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17555404
type: PublicationXref
id: 17555404
author: Alp, NJ
author: Schmidt, TS
db: Pubmed
title: Mechanisms for the role of tetrahydrobiopterin in endothelial function and vascular disease
source: Clin Sci (Lond) 113:47-63
year: 2007

UnificationXref6268
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_232367
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_232367.1

UnificationXref6269
type: UnificationXref
id: GO:0031906
db: GENE ONTOLOGY

UnificationXref6264
type: UnificationXref
id: 425958
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425958

UnificationXref6265
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_19769
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_19769.2

UnificationXref6266
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603352
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603352

UnificationXref6267
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603354
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603354

UnificationXref6260
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603351
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603351

UnificationXref6261
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_261686
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_261686.1

UnificationXref6262
type: UnificationXref
id: 425969
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=425969

UnificationXref6263
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_19508
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_19508.1

RelationshipXref629
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602175
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602175

RelationshipXref623
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004326
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref624
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601866
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601866

RelationshipXref621
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0033560
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23599745
type: PublicationXref
id: 23599745
author: Hamid, Abdu Selim
author: Tesfamariam, Isaias Goitom
author: Zhang, Zhen Gui
author: Zhang, Yucheng
db: Pubmed
title: Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in developing countries: Geographical distribution, mechanism of action and prevention
source: Oncol Lett 5:1087-1092
year: 2013

RelationshipXref622
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601873
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601873

RelationshipXref627
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602173
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602173

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15893380
type: PublicationXref
id: 15893380
author: Jackowski, S
author: Zhang, YM
author: Rock, CO
author: Leonardi, R
db: Pubmed
title: Coenzyme A: back in action
source: Prog Lipid Res 44:125-53
year: 2005

RelationshipXref628
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004329
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref625
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008517
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref626
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602169
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602169

RelationshipXref620
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0019674
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UniProt:Q9C0V7
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1398
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9083049
type: PublicationXref
id: 9083049
author: Lee, PT
author: Shepherd, JA
author: Tzagoloff, A
author: Myles, DC
author: Clarke, CF
author: Shtanko, A
author: Barkovich, RJ
db: Pubmed
title: Characterization of the COQ5 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Evidence for a C-methyltransferase in ubiquinone biosynthesis
source: J Biol Chem 272:9182-8
year: 1997

RelationshipXref618
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003951
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref619
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601846
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601846

RelationshipXref610
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5606435
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606435

RelationshipXref611
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006768
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref612
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000309
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref613
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602133
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602133

RelationshipXref614
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601853
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601853

RelationshipXref615
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602129
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602129

RelationshipXref616
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003952
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref617
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601860
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601860

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21682741
type: PublicationXref
id: 21682741
author: Minnicozzi, M
author: Fenton, MJ
author: Sawyer, RT
db: Pubmed
title: Innate immunity in allergic disease
source: Immunol Rev 242:106-27
year: 2011

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7596435
type: PublicationXref
id: 7596435
author: Rossant, J
author: Shalaby, F
author: Gertsenstein, M
author: Schuh, A C
author: Yamaguchi, T P
author: Breitman, M L
author: Wu, X F
db: Pubmed
title: Failure of blood-island formation and vasculogenesis in Flk-1-deficient mice
source: Nature 376:62-6
year: 1995

RelationshipXref609
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0018271
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref607
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5606462
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606462

RelationshipXref608
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0009235
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref605
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0042816
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref606
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015420
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref603
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004733
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref604
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604642
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604642

RelationshipXref601
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008478
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref602
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604633
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604633

RelationshipXref600
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015939
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UniProt:Q10101
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref222
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12438414
type: PublicationXref
id: 12438414
author: Michael, WM
author: Van Hatten, RA
author: Holway, AH
author: Tutter, AV
author: Khederian, AM
author: Walter, JC
db: Pubmed
title: The Xenopus Xmus101 protein is required for the recruitment of Cdc45 to origins of DNA replication.
source: J Cell Biol 159:541-7
year: 2002

UniProt:Q10104
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref4301
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR)
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 188540.3
pathway component: REACT 188279.3
evidence: Evidence1801
xref: UnificationXref10956
xref: UnificationXref10957
pathway order: PathwayStep775
pathway order: PathwayStep1774
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19428801
type: PublicationXref
id: 19428801
author: Buddhala, C
author: Wu, Jer-Yuarn
author: Hsu, CC
db: Pubmed
title: A novel mechanism for GABA synthesis and packaging into synaptic vesicles
source: Neurochem Int 55:9-12
year: 2009

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11752427
type: PublicationXref
id: 11752427
author: McCarthy, DB
author: Stoops, JK
author: O'Connor, CM
author: Reed, LJ
author: Zhou, ZH
db: Pubmed
title: The remarkable structural and functional organization of the eukaryotic pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes.
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:14802-7
year: 2001

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16854592
type: PublicationXref
id: 16854592
author: Wu, Y
author: Feder, JN
author: Cheng, D
author: Mintier, GA
author: Tamura, JK
author: Chu, CH
author: Harpel, MR
author: Locke, GA
author: An, Y
author: Cook, JW
author: Chen, L
db: Pubmed
title: Expression, purification, and characterization of human and rat acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) isozymes
source: Protein Expr Purif 51:11-21
year: 2007

RelationshipXref668
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597926
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597926

RelationshipXref667
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004084
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref666
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008652
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref665
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006564
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref669
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597932
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597932

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9593753
type: PublicationXref
id: 9593753
author: Jackowski, S
author: Lykidis, A
author: Murti, KG
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning and characterization of a second human CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase
source: J Biol Chem 273:14022-9
year: 1998

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10411507
type: PublicationXref
id: 10411507
author: McGarry, TJ
author: Zou, H
author: Bernal, T
author: Kirschner, MW
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of a vertebrate sister-chromatid separation inhibitor involved in transformation and tumorigenesis
source: Science 285:418-22
year: 1999

RelationshipXref660
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604384
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604384

RelationshipXref663
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004647
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref664
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604652
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604652

RelationshipXref661
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004648
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref662
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604659
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604659

RelationshipXref655
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004353
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref654
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597867
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597867

RelationshipXref657
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004356
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref656
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597845
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597845

RelationshipXref659
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047945
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref658
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597877
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597877

Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate metabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 235583.1
evidence: Evidence136
xref: UnificationXref1419
xref: UnificationXref1418
xref: RelationshipXref117
pathway order: PathwayStep132
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15241476
type: PublicationXref
id: 15241476
author: Uhlmann, F
author: Hornig, NC
db: Pubmed
title: Preferential cleavage of chromatin-bound cohesin after targeted phosphorylation by Polo-like kinase
source: EMBO J 23:3144-53
year: 2004

RelationshipXref650
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604145
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604145

RelationshipXref651
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004735
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref652
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597893
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597893

RelationshipXref653
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004066
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref649
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0017084
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref648
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597886
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597886

RelationshipXref647
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004587
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref646
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604121
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604121

RelationshipXref645
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597774
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597774

RelationshipXref644
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004021
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref643
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006766
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref641
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0032324
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref642
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006767
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref640
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604613
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604613

RelationshipXref637
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602163
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602163

RelationshipXref636
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004489
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref639
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0031071
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref638
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046655
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref633
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602153
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602153

UniProt:Q9C106
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8731
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref632
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004486
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref635
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598084
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598084

UniProt:Q9C104
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2260
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref634
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004372
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11165500
type: PublicationXref
id: 11165500
author: Ponting, C P
author: Clissold, P M
db: Pubmed
title: JmjC: cupin metalloenzyme-like domains in jumonji, hairless and phospholipase A2beta
source: Trends Biochem. Sci. 26:7-9
year: 2001

RelationshipXref630
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004477
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref631
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602156
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602156

RNA Polymerase I Transcription
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 225621.2
evidence: Evidence1431
xref: RelationshipXref1149
xref: UnificationXref8705
xref: UnificationXref8704
pathway order: PathwayStep1414
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref359
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006691
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref358
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602579
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602579

RelationshipXref357
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016805
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12807873
type: PublicationXref
id: 12807873
author: Kömüves, LG
author: Ng, CK
author: Topper, JN
author: Wasserman, SM
author: Yang, RB
author: Gerritsen, ME
db: Pubmed
title: A novel interleukin-17 receptor-like protein identified in human umbilical vein endothelial cells antagonizes basic fibroblast growth factor-induced signaling
source: J Biol Chem 278:33232-8
year: 2003

RelationshipXref351
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0097257
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15157936
type: PublicationXref
id: 15157936
author: Bertinato, J
author: L'Abbé, MR
db: Pubmed
title: Maintaining copper homeostasis: regulation of copper-trafficking proteins in response to copper deficiency or overload
source: J Nutr Biochem 15:316-22
year: 2004

RelationshipXref352
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605887
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605887

RelationshipXref350
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602620
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602620

RelationshipXref355
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003840
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref356
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602602
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602602

RelationshipXref353
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0042626
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref354
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602613
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602613

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20147624
type: PublicationXref
id: 20147624
author: Pellegrini-Calace, M
author: Oliva, R
author: Calamita, G
author: Thornton, JM
db: Pubmed
title: Electrostatics of aquaporin and aquaglyceroporin channels correlates with their transport selectivity
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:4135-40
year: 2010

RelationshipXref369
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603396
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603396

RelationshipXref368
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047560
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref360
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004602
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref361
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605909
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605909

RelationshipXref362
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0019372
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref363
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605900
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605900

RelationshipXref364
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036185
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16533814
type: PublicationXref
id: 16533814
author: Kang, KR
author: McPhie, P
author: Bell, JK
author: Park, MH
author: Wolff, EC
author: Kim, YS
db: Pubmed
title: Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase is a Fe(II)-dependent, HEAT-repeat enzyme. Identification of amino acid residues critical for Fe(II) binding and catalysis [corrected].
source: J Biol Chem 281:13217-25
year: 2006

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22090471
type: PublicationXref
id: 22090471
author: Jan, Lily Y
author: Huang, Fen
author: Wong, Xiuming
db: Pubmed
title: International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXXV: calcium-activated chloride channels
source: Pharmacol. Rev. 64:1-15
year: 2012

RelationshipXref365
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605904
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605904

RelationshipXref366
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:2001300
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref367
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0019369
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18481987
type: PublicationXref
id: 18481987
author: Sandler, H
author: Stoecklin, G
db: Pubmed
title: Control of mRNA decay by phosphorylation of tristetraprolin
source: Biochem Soc Trans 36:491-6
year: 2008

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10212249
type: PublicationXref
id: 10212249
author: Sondermann, P
author: Steegborn, C
author: Wahl, MC
author: Huber, R
author: Marinkovic, S
author: Jacob, U
author: Worbs, M
author: Clausen, T
db: Pubmed
title: Kinetics and inhibition of recombinant human cystathionine gamma-lyase. Toward the rational control of transsulfuration
source: J Biol Chem 274:12675-84
year: 1999

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20690882
type: PublicationXref
id: 20690882
author: Tkachuk, Vsevolod A
author: Tyurin-Kuzmin, Pyotr A
author: Mishina, Natalia M
author: Belousov, Vsevolod V
author: Schultz, Carsten
author: Laketa, Vibor
author: Lukyanov, Sergey
author: Vorotnikov, Alexander V
author: Markvicheva, Kseniya N
db: Pubmed
title: Does cellular hydrogen peroxide diffuse or act locally?
source: Antioxid. Redox Signal. 14:1-7
year: 2011

RelationshipXref379
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603423
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603423

RelationshipXref377
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603427
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603427

RelationshipXref378
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0050291
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref375
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603412
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603412

RelationshipXref376
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008481
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10350
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref4113
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref373
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603437
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603437

RelationshipXref374
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004758
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref371
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603435
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603435

Pyrophosphate hydrolysis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1031
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1011
evidence: Evidence1724
xref: UnificationXref10553
xref: UnificationXref10552
xref: RelationshipXref1354
pathway order: PathwayStep1669
pathway order: PathwayStep1648
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref372
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000170
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref370
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0042284
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15581572
type: PublicationXref
id: 15581572
author: Xia, Z
author: Massiah, M A
author: Mildvan, A S
author: Kang, L-W
author: Gabelli, S B
author: Bianchet, M A
author: Amzel, L Mario
author: Azurmendi, H F
author: Legler, P M
author: Saraswat, V
db: Pubmed
title: Structures and mechanisms of Nudix hydrolases
source: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 433:129-43
year: 2005

RelationshipXref386
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0030148
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16856888
type: PublicationXref
id: 16856888
author: Tomer, A
author: Deutsch, VR
db: Pubmed
title: Megakaryocyte development and platelet production
source: Br J Haematol 134:453-66
year: 2006

RelationshipXref387
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004557
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref388
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605293
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605293

RelationshipXref389
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004767
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref382
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0017050
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref383
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603439
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603439

UniProt:Q10361
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref5072
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref384
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0042392
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref385
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603451
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603451

UniProt:Q10366
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2454
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref380
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0070780
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10364
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref427
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref381
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603449
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603449

RelationshipXref315
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000285
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref316
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605488
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605488

RelationshipXref313
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004438
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref314
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605519
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605519

RelationshipXref319
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004439
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref317
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0043813
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:P0C016
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref271
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref318
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605503
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605503

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23727577
type: PublicationXref
id: 23727577
author: Ponnaluri, V K Chaithanya
author: Maciejewski, Jaroslaw P
author: Mukherji, M
db: Pubmed
title: A mechanistic overview of TET-mediated 5-methylcytosine oxidation
source: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 436:115-20
year: 2013

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9799232
type: PublicationXref
id: 9799232
author: Wagner, H
author: Mischak, H
author: Sparwasser, T
author: Lipford, GB
author: Schmid, R
author: Heeg, K
author: Miethke, T
author: Hacker, H
author: Liptay, S
db: Pubmed
title: CpG-DNA-specific activation of antigen-presenting cells requires stress kinase activity and is preceded by non-specific endocytosis and endosomal maturation
source: EMBO J 17:6230-40
year: 1998

RelationshipXref312
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605493
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605493

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9799231
type: PublicationXref
id: 9799231
author: Guillemot, JC
author: Chavrier, P
author: Montcourrier, P
author: Massol, P
db: Pubmed
title: Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis requires CDC42 and Rac1
source: EMBO J 17:6219-29
year: 1998

RelationshipXref311
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016303
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19010255
type: PublicationXref
id: 19010255
author: Neu-Yilik, G
author: Kulozik, AE
db: Pubmed
title: NMD: multitasking between mRNA surveillance and modulation of gene expression
source: Adv Genet 62:185-243
year: 2008

RelationshipXref310
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605526
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605526

RelationshipXref324
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605501
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605501

RelationshipXref325
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605457
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605457

RelationshipXref326
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0052629
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref327
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605545
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605545

RelationshipXref328
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016309
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref329
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605419
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605419

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7685356
type: PublicationXref
id: 7685356
author: Weiner, KX
author: Maley, F
author: Weiner, RS
author: Maley, GF
db: Pubmed
title: Primary structure of human deoxycytidylate deaminase and overexpression of its functional protein in Escherichia coli
source: J Biol Chem 268:12983-9
year: 1993

RelationshipXref321
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605540
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605540

RelationshipXref320
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605442
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605442

RelationshipXref323
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605528
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605528

RelationshipXref322
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0052811
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref339
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605433
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605433

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12040175
type: PublicationXref
id: 12040175
author: Iyengar, R
author: Ram, PT
author: Neves, SR
db: Pubmed
title: G protein pathways
source: Science 296:1636-9
year: 2002

RelationshipXref337
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0052810
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref338
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605472
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605472

RelationshipXref335
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605505
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605505

RelationshipXref336
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605508
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605508

Evidence209
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12633678
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4177872
comment: Phytanic acid arises through ruminant metabolism of chlorophyll and enters the human diet as a constituent of dairy products (Baxter 1968). It can act as an agonist for PPAR and other nuclear hormone receptors, but its normal role in human physiology, if any, is unclear. It is catabolized via a five-step alpha-oxidation reaction sequence that yields pristanoyl-CoA, which is turn is a substrate for beta-oxidation. These reactions take place in the peroxisomal matrix and their failure is associated with Refsum disease (Wanders et al. 2003).

Evidence207
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9874197
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16756494
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12445829
comment: The peroxisomal membrane transport protein PMP34 mediates the exchange of adenine nucleotides between the cytosol and the peroxisomal matrix. The localization of PMP34 has been established by immunofluoresence studies (Wylin et al. 1998). The cloned human protein restores adenine nucleotide transport in yeast whose endogenous peroxisomal transporter has been disrupted, and has adenine nucleotide transport activity in reconstituted lipid vesicles in vitro (Visser et al. 2002), consistent with its hypothesized role in vivo (Wanders and Waterham 2006).

Evidence208
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10468558
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9166898
comment: Peroxisomal HACL1 catalyzes the reaction of 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA to form pristanal and formyl-CoA. The active form of the enzyme is a homotetramer, with one Mg++ and one molecule of thiamin pyrophosphate bound to each monomer (Croes et al. 1997; Foulon et al. 1999).

Evidence202
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19710929
comment: The PEX11A gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22327402
type: PublicationXref
id: 22327402
author: Jiang, H
author: Liang, Haihua
author: Lu, Xingyu
author: Dai, Qing
author: Luo, C
author: Xu, Guo-Liang
author: Zhang, Liang
author: He, Chuan
author: Lu, Junyan
db: Pubmed
title: Thymine DNA glycosylase specifically recognizes 5-carboxylcytosine-modified DNA
source: Nat. Chem. Biol. 8:328-30
year: 2012

Evidence201
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19710929
comment: The ME1 gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

Evidence200
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19710929
comment: The HMGCS2 gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

Evidence206
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: The reactions involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and of the triacylglycerols and ketone bodies derived from them form a closely interrelated, coordinately regulated module that plays a central role in human energy metabolism.

Evidence205
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16503871
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16476485
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18288277
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10529898
comment: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha) is the major regulator of fatty acid oxidation in the liver. PPARalpha is also the target of fibrate drugs used to treat abnormal plasma lipid levels. PPAR-alpha is a type II nuclear receptor (its subcellular location does not depend on ligand binding). PPAR-alpha forms heterodimers with Retinoid X receptor alpha (RXR-alpha), another type II nuclear receptor. PPAR-alpha is activated by binding fatty acid ligands, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids having 18-22 carbon groups and 2-6 double bonds. The PPAR-alpha:RXR-alpha heterodimer binds peroxisome proliferator receptor elements (PPREs) in and around target genes. Binding of fatty acids and synthetic ligands causes a conformational change in PPAR-alpha such that it releases the corepressors and binds coactivators (CBP-SRC-HAT complex, ASC complex, and TRAP-Mediator complex) which initiate transcription of the target genes. Target genes of PPAR-alpha participate in fatty acid transport, fatty acid oxidation, triglyceride clearance, lipoprotein production, and cholesterol homeostasis.

Evidence204
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20936127
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18288277
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10529898
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11330046
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14999402
comment: The set of genes regulated by PPAR-alpha is not fully known in humans, however many examples have been found in mice. Genes directly activated by PPAR-alpha contain peroxisome proliferator receptor elements (PPREs) in their promoters and include: 1) genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis (Acox1, Cyp4a, Acadm, Hmgcs2); 2) genes involved in fatty acid transport (Cd36, , Slc27a1, Fabp1, Cpt1a, Cpt2); 3) genes involved in producing fatty acids and very low density lipoproteins (Me1, Scd1); 4) genes encoding apolipoproteins (Apoa1, Apoa2, Apoa5); 5) genes involved in triglyceride clearance ( Angptl4); 6) genes involved in glycerol metabolism (Gpd1 in mouse); 7) genes involved in glucose metabolism (Pdk4); 8) genes involved in peroxisome proliferation (Pex11a); 9) genes involved in lipid storage (Plin, Adfp). Many other genes are known to be regulated by PPAR-alpha but whether their regulation is direct or indirect remains to be found. These genes include: ACACA, FAS, SREBP1, FADS1, DGAT1, ABCA1, PLTP, ABCB4, UGT2B4, SULT2A1, Pnpla2, Acsl1, Slc27a4, many Acot genes, and others (reviewed in Rakhshandehroo et al. 2010).

Evidence203
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20110263
comment: The TIAM2 gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

RelationshipXref334
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605482
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605482

RelationshipXref333
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605538
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605538

RelationshipXref332
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605536
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605536

RelationshipXref331
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605497
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605497

RelationshipXref330
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605427
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605427

RelationshipXref346
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036132
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref347
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605893
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605893

RelationshipXref348
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0019371
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref349
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004463
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Evidence218
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8806705
comment: Cytosolic isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IPP isomerase) catalyzes an essential activation step in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway. It rearranges isopentenyl pyrophosphate into its highly electrophilic isomer, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP). IPP isomerase may also be located in human peroxisomes but it's function there is not clear.

Evidence219
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9741684
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16684881
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10026212
comment: The family of enzymes called prenyltransferases is involved in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids. Two members of this family are known to catalyse the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to DMAPP: farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase (GGPPS) (Kavanaugh et al, 2006).

Evidence211
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15173171
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10521434
comment: Cytosolic IDH1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1) homodimer catalyzes the reaction of isocitrate and NADP+ to form 2-oxoglutarate, CO2, and NADPH + H+. The same enzyme can also localize to peroxisomes (Geisbrecht and Gould 1999; Xu et al. 2004).

Evidence210
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15173171
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10521434
comment: Peroxisomal IDH1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1) homodimer catalyzes the reaction of isocitrate and NADP+ to form 2-oxoglutarate, CO2, and NADPH + H+. The same enzyme can also localize to the cytosol in at least some cell types (Geisbrecht and Gould 1999; Xu et al. 2004).

Evidence213
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16756494
comment: In humans, the catabolism of phytanate, pristanate, and very long chain fatty acids as well as the first four steps of the biosynthesis of plasmalogens are catalyzed by peroxisomal enzymes. Defects in any of these enzymes or in the assembly of peroxisomes are associated with severe developmental disorders (Wanders and Watherham 2006).

Evidence212
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10521434
comment: The conversion of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) with the concomitant synthesis of NADPH from NADP+ is thought to play a significant role in supplying NADPH for other reactions in both the cytosol and the peroxisome (Geisbrecht and Gould 1999).

Evidence215
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1967820
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10698924
comment: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) catalyzes the four-electron reduction of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. Mevalonate concentrations in the cell are tightly controlled through the activity of HMGR, which is one of the most highly regulated enzymes known (Goldstein and Brown 1990).

Translation
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 246034.1
pathway component: REACT 235001.1
pathway component: REACT 188294.3
pathway component: REACT 215659.2
evidence: Evidence1515
xref: UnificationXref9222
xref: UnificationXref9221
xref: RelationshipXref1179
pathway order: PathwayStep1495
pathway order: PathwayStep1477
pathway order: PathwayStep1480
pathway order: PathwayStep1491
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence214
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7913309
comment: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A synthase (HMG-CoA synthase) catalyzes the condensation of acetyl CoA with acetoacetyl CoA to produce HMG-CoA. There are two forms of this enzyme, cytosolic and mitochondrial. The cytosolic form is ubiquitous in the body and is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and synthesis of other isoprenoid products. The mitochondrial form, found solely in the liver and kidney, is involved in the ketogenic pathway.

Evidence217
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8626466
comment: Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase (MPD) decarboxylates mevalonate-5-pyrophosphate (MVA5PP) into isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPPP) while hydrolysing ATP to ADP and orthophosphate (Toth & Huwyler 1996).

Evidence216
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11111075
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1377680
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14730012
comment: Mevalonate kinase (MK) catalyzes the phosphorylation of mevalonate to mevalonate-5-phosphate.

RelationshipXref343
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0033559
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref342
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0043651
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref345
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602564
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602564

RelationshipXref344
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0050220
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

CHEBI:428891
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: CHEBI:428891 [ChEBI:428891]
xref: UnificationXref5876

RelationshipXref341
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0036109
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref340
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605863
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605863

Evidence220
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9741684
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16684881
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10026212
comment: Further condensation of an isopentenyl pyrophosphate with geranyl pyrophosphate to form farnesyl pyrophosphate is catalyzed by the prenyltransferases FPP synthase and GGPP synthase. (Kavanagh et al, 2006)

UnificationXref8329
type: UnificationXref
id: 109944
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109944

Evidence225
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8619637
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3771545
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11969204
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2007571
comment: Lanosterol, NADPH + H+, and O2 react to form 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol, NADP+, H2O and formate. This oxidative demethylation reaction, in the endoplasmic reticulum, is catalyzed by lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1). Although the reaction is annotated here as a single concerted event, studies with purified rat enzyme indicate that the methyl group is converted successively to an alcohol and an aldehyde before being released as formate (Trzaskos et al. 1986; Fischer et al. 1991; Gaylor 2002).

Evidence226
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16784888
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12618959
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9878250
comment: 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol and NADPH + H+ react to form 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol and NADP+, catalyzed by LBR in the nuclear envelope. LBR protein spans the inner nuclear envelope, has an aminoterminal region with properties of a laminin receptor and a carboxyterminal domain with sequence similarity to sterol delta14-reductases (Holmer et al. 1998). Studies of material from an individual with HEM/Greenberg skeletal dysplasia indicate that LBR catalyzes the sterol delta14-reductase step of cholesterol biosynthesis in vivo. DNA sequencing revealed homozygosity for a mutant LBR allele encoding a truncated protein in the affected individual, and cells from the individual accumulated cholesta-8,14-dien-3beta-ol in culture. Transfection of wild-type LBR into the cultured cells reversed the accumulation of cholesta-8,14-dien-3beta-ol (Waterham et al. 2003). This observation is surprising because a second gene, TM7SF2, encodes an efficient sterol delta14-reductase that is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum whose expression is up-regulated in response to sterol depletion (Bennati et al. 2006). The physiological roles of LBR and TM7SF2 in vivo remain to be determined.

Evidence227
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16784888
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12618959
comment: 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol and NADPH + H+ react to form 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol and NADP+, catalyzed by TM7SF2 in the endoplasmic reticulum. TM7SF2 protein has sterol delta14-reductase activity in vitro, and expression of the gene is induced by sterol starvation in human cells, as expected for a gene involved in sterol biosynthesis (Bennati et al. 2006). However, molecular studies of material from an individual with HEM/Greenberg skeletal dysplasia indicate that LBR, a protein that spans the inner nuclear membrane and has both laminin receptor and sterol delta14-reductase activities, is required for normal sterol 14delta-reductase activity in human cells. It remains to be determined whether both LBR and TM7SF2 catalyze this reaction in vivo, and whether the role of TM7SF2 is essential (Waterham et al. 2003).

Evidence228
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7228857
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/240818
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8663358
comment: 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol, NADPH + H+, and O2 react to form 4-methyl,4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol, NADP+, and H2O. This reaction, in the endoplasmic reticulum, is catalyzed by SC4MOL (C-4 methylsterol oxidase). The human enzyme has been identified based on its sequence similarity to yeast methyl sterol oxidase (ERG25) and the ability of the cloned human gene to rescue ERG25-deficient yeast cells (Li and Kaplan 1996). The mechanism and stoichiometry of the reaction have been inferred from studies of partially purified rat enzyme (Gaylor et al. 1975; Fukushima et al. 1981).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7000367
type: PublicationXref
id: 7000367
author: Kozak, M
db: Pubmed
title: Evaluation of the "scanning model" for initiation of protein synthesis in eucaryotes.
source: Cell 22:7-8
year: 1981

Evidence221
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10896663
comment: Farnesyl diphosphate farnesyltransferase (FDFT; squalene synthase) catalyzes the reductive dimerization of two farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) molecules to form squalene. This happens in two distinct steps. The first step of dimerization forms presqualene diphosphate (Pandit et al. 2000).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11912132
type: PublicationXref
id: 11912132
author: Lam, W
author: Jiang, Z
author: Cheng, YC
author: Dutschman, GE
author: Liou, JY
db: Pubmed
title: Characterization of human UMP/CMP kinase and its phosphorylation of D- and L-form deoxycytidine analogue monophosphates.
source: Cancer Res 62:1624-31
year: 2002

Evidence222
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10896663
comment: In the second step, FDFT catalyzes the reduction of presqualene diphosphate to squalene (Pandit et al. 2000).

Evidence223
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10666321
comment: Squalene monooxygenase (squalene epoxidase, SE) is located on the endoplamic reticulum. It catalyzes the oxidation of squalene to squalene 2,3-epoxide. SE seems to be an important rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis.

Evidence224
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8593458
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14766201
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5918048
comment: Lanosterol synthase (LS) catalyzes the cyclization of squalene 2,3-epoxide to lanosterol, a reaction that forms the sterol nucleus.LS is located on the ER membrane and is active as the monomer (Ruf et al, 2004).

UnificationXref8320
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599307
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599307

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2332429
type: PublicationXref
id: 2332429
author: Vance, JE
db: Pubmed
title: Phospholipid synthesis in a membrane fraction associated with mitochondria
source: J Biol Chem 265:7248-56
year: 1990

Evidence229
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4401584
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14506130
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10710235
comment: 4-methyl,4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol and NAD+ react to form 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one, CO2, and NADH + H+. This reaction occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum, catalyzed by NSDHL (Caldas and Herman 2003). Defects in this enzyme are associated with CHILD syndrome (Congenital Hemidysplasia with Ichthyosiform nevus and Limb Defects) (Konig et al. 2000), but cholesterol biosynthesis in cells and tissues from affected individuals has not been characterized. Instead, the mechanism and stoichiometry of the reaction are inferred from biochemical studies of partially purified rat enzyme (Rahimtula and Gaylor 1972).

UnificationXref8325
type: UnificationXref
id: O74366
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8326
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599315
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599315

UnificationXref8327
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599328
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599328

UnificationXref8328
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599333
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599333

UnificationXref8321
type: UnificationXref
id: O13745
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8322
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599327
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599327

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16682955
type: PublicationXref
id: 16682955
author: Hays, S
author: Westbrook, L
author: Qu, Z
author: Kern, FG
author: Thottassery, JV
author: Rentz, SS
author: Manuvakhova, M
db: Pubmed
title: Expression of the SNT-1/FRS2 phosphotyrosine binding domain inhibits activation of MAP kinase and PI3-kinase pathways and antiestrogen resistant growth induced by FGF-1 in human breast carcinoma cells
source: Oncogene 25:6003-14
year: 2006

UnificationXref8323
type: UnificationXref
id: O74995
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8324
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599319
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599319

Evidence230
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12829805
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11969204
comment: 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one and NADPH + H+ react to form 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol and NADP+. This reaction takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum, catalyzed by HSD17B7. Two isoforms of the enzyme due to alternative splicing have been identified but only the first has been tested for enzymatic activity (Marijanovic et al. 2003). The human enzyme has not been studied extensively; molecular details of the reaction are inferred from those worked out in studies of material from rat liver (Gaylor 2002).

Evidence231
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7228857
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/240818
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8663358
comment: 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol, NADPH + H+, and O2 react to form 4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol, NADP+, and H2O. This reaction, in the endoplasmic reticulum, is catalyzed by SC4MOL (C-4 methylsterol oxidase). The human enzyme has been identified based on its sequence similarity to yeast methyl sterol oxidase (ERG25) and the ability of the cloned human gene to rescue ERG25-deficient yeast cells (Li and Kaplan 1996). The mechanism and stoichiometry of the reaction have been inferred from studies of partially purified rat enzyme (Gaylor et al. 1975; Fukushima et al. 1981).

UnificationXref8319
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599323
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599323

UnificationXref8318
type: UnificationXref
id: P87303
db: UniProt

Evidence238
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8976377
comment: The SC5D gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

Evidence239
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8626488
comment: The SQLE gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

Evidence236
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1390320
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3524618
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12668600
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11969204
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16054061
comment: Cholesterol is synthesized de novo from from acetyl CoA. The overall synthetic process is outlined in the figure below. Enzymes whose regulation plays a major role in determining the rate of cholesterol synthesis in the body are highlighted in red, and connections to other metabolic processes are indicated. The transformation of lanosterol into cholesterol requires multiple steps, including the removal of three methyl groups, the reduction of one double bond and the migration of another. These reactions may not occur in a single fixed order in the body, so the linear pathway laid out here following the work of Gaylor and colleagues (Gaylor 2002) is an oversimplification of the process that occurs in vivo. Defects in several of the enzymes involved in this process are associated with human disease and have provided useful insights into the regulatory roles of cholesterol and its synthetic intermediates in human development (Herman 2003; Song et al. 2005).

Evidence237
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1968462
comment: The FDPS gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

Evidence234
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12812989
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12189593
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3997841
comment: Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol, NADPH + H+, and O2 react to form cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol, NADP+, and 2 H2O, catalyzed by SC5D. This reaction takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum. Its biochemical details are inferred from those of the reaction catalyzed by the purified rat protein (Kawata et al. 1985). The role of human SC5D in catalyzing this reaction in vivo is established from studies of patients in whom the enzyme is defective (Brunetti-Pierri et al. 2002; Krakowiak et al. 2003).

Evidence235
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9465114
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10329655
comment: Cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol and NADPH + H+ react to form desmosterol and NADP+. This reaction is catalyzed by DHCR7, associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The biochemical details of the reaction are inferred from those of the reaction catalyzed by the well-studied rat enzyme (Bae et al. 1999).

Evidence232
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4401584
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14506130
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10710235
comment: 4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol and NAD+ react to form zymosterone (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one), CO2, and NADH + H+. This reaction occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum, catalyzed by NSDHL (Caldas and Herman 2003). Defects in this enzyme are associated with CHILD syndrome (Congenital Hemidysplasia with Ichthyosiform nevus and Limb Defects) (Konig et al. 2000), but cholesterol biosynthesis in cells and tissues from affceted individuals has not been characterized. Instead, the mechanism and stoichiometry of the reaction are inferred from biochemical studies of partially purified rat enzyme (Rahimtula and Gaylor 1972).

Evidence233
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12829805
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11969204
comment: Zymosterone (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one) and NADPH + H+ react to form zymosterol (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol) and NADP+. This reaction takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum, catalyzed by HSD17B7. Two isoforms of the enzyme due to alternative splicing have been identified but only the first has been tested for enzymatic activity (Marijanovic et al. 2003). The human enzyme has not been studied extensively; molecular details of the reaction are inferred from those worked out in studies of material from rat liver (Gaylor 2002).

UnificationXref8316
type: UnificationXref
id: O13768
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8317
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599311
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599311

UnificationXref8314
type: UnificationXref
id: O59753
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8315
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599286
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599286

UnificationXref8312
type: UnificationXref
id: O13807
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8313
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599332
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599332

UnificationXref8310
type: UnificationXref
id: P28706
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8311
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599290
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599290

UnificationXref8308
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607374
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607374

UnificationXref8307
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_224453
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_224453.2

UnificationXref8309
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_207029
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_207029.2

Evidence240
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20138239
comment: The TM7SF2 gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

Evidence241
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15457548
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9748295
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15589694
comment: After transiting to the nucleus SREBPs (SREBP1A/1C/2, SREBFs) bind short sequences, sterol regulatory elements (SREs), in the promoters of target genes (reviewed in Eberle et al. 2004, Weber et al. 2004). SREBPs alone are relatively weak activators of transcription, with SREBP1C being significantly weaker than SREBP1A or SREBP2. In combination with other transcription factors such as SP1 and NF-Y the SREBPs are much stronger activators. SREBP1C seems to more specifically target genes involved in fatty acid synthesis while SREBP2 seems to target genes involved in cholesterol synthesis (Pai et al. 1998).

Evidence242
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18974038
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19933148
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15457548
comment: Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs, SREBFs) respond to low cholesterol concentrations by transiting to the nucleus and activating genes involved in cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis (reviewed in Brown and Goldstein 2009, Osborne and Espenshade 2009, Weber et al. 2004). Newly synthesized SREBPs are transmembrane proteins that bind SCAP in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. SCAP binds cholesterol which causes a conformational change that allows SCAP to interact with INSIG, retaining the SCAP:SREBP complex in the ER. INSIG binds oxysterols, which cause INSIG to bind SCAP and retain SCAP:SREBP in the endoplasmic reticulum. In low cholesterol (below about 5 mol%) SCAP no longer interacts with cholesterol or INSIG and binds Sec24 of the CopII coat complex instead. Thus SCAP:SREBP transits with the CopII complex from the ER to the Golgi. In the Golgi SREBP is cleaved by S1P and then by S2P, releasing the N-terminal fragment of SREBP into the cytosol. The N-terminal fragment is imported to the nucleus by importin-beta and then acts with other factors, such as SP1 and NF-Y, to activate transcription of target genes. Targets of SREBP include the genes encoding all enzymes of cholesterol biosynthesis and several genes involved in lipogenesis. SREBP2 most strongly activates cholesterol biosynthesis while SREBP1C most strongly activates lipogenesis.

Evidence243
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9852097
comment: The microsomal enzyme cholesterol 25-hydroxylase is a member of a lipid metabolizing enzyme family that utilizes oxygen and diiron-oxygen cofactor to hydroxylate, desaturate, epoxidate and acetylate substrates.

Evidence244
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11969205
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12543708
comment: In a healthy adult human, about 500 mg of cholesterol is converted to bile salts daily (Russell 2003). The major pathway for bile salt synthesis in the liver begins with the conversion of cholesterol to 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol. Bile salt synthesis can also begin with the synthesis of an oxysterol - 24-hydroxycholesterol or 27-hydroxycholesterol. In the body, the initial steps of these two pathways occur in extrahepatic tissues, generating intermediates that are transported to the liver and converted to bile salts via the 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol pathway. These extrahepatic pathways contribute little to the total synthesis of bile salts, but are thought to play important roles in cholesterol homeostasis (Javitt 2002).

Evidence245
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11969205
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12543708
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14699511
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12663868
comment: In a healthy adult human, about 500 mg of cholesterol is converted to bile salts daily. Newly synthesized bile salts are secreted into the bile and released into the small intestine where they emulsify dietary fats (Russell 2003). About 95% of the bile salts in the intestine are recovered and returned to the liver (Kullak-Ublick et al. 2004; Trauner and Boyer 2002). The major pathway for bile salt synthesis in the liver begins with the conversion of cholesterol to 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol. Bile salt synthesis can also begin with the synthesis of an oxysterol - 24-hydroxycholesterol or 27-hydroxycholesterol. In the body, the initial steps of these two pathways occur in extrahepatic tissues, generating intermediates that are transported to the liver and converted to bile salts via the 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol pathway. These extrahepatic pathways contribute little to the total synthesis of bile salts, but are thought to play important roles in extrahepatic cholesterol homeostasis (Javitt 2002).

Evidence246
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8547185
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8075637
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2197970
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9536209
comment: The 17HSD family of enzymes catalyze the final step in the synthesis of estradiol and testosterone. They convert inactive 17-ketosteroids to their active 17beta-hydroxy forms. Androstenedione, a ketosteroid, is reduced to testosterone, a highly potent androgen, by the enzyme 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoform III (17HSD3). The other human isoforms of 17HSDs to take part in the final steps of active steroid biosynthesis are types 1 and VII, which reduce estrone to estradiol. Corticotropin (Adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH) acts through the ACTH receptor called melanocortin receptor type 2 (MC2R) to stimulate steroidogenesis, increasing the production of androgens (McKenna et al, 1997). In males, Lutropin (LH) stimulates testosterone production.

Evidence247
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9208814
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17986282
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2339109
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9536209
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1944596
comment: The conversion of testosterone to the most potent androgen, 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), is catalyzed by the microsomal 5alpha-steroid reductase enzymes, of which there are three reported types in humans to date (SRD5A1-3) (Andersson S and Russell DW, 1990; Andersson S et al, 1991; Uemura M et al, 2008 respectively). These enzymes are expressed in the prostate and other androgen target sites. Defects in SRD5A2 are the cause of pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias, also known as male pseudohermaphroditism (Anwar R et al, 1997). Corticotropin (Adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH) acts through the ACTH receptor called melanocortin receptor type 2 (MC2R) to stimulate steroidogenesis, increasing the production of androgens (McKenna et al, 1997).

Evidence248
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12428201
comment: Androgens are the determining factors for male development and behaviour in vertebrates (Miller 2002).

Evidence249
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15583024
comment: Steroid hormones are synthesized primarily in the adrenal gland and gonads. They regulate energy metabolism and stress responses (glucocorticoids), salt balance (mineralocorticoids), and sexual development and function (androgens and estrogens). All steroids are synthesized from cholesterol. Steroid hormone synthesis is largely regulated at the initial steps of cholesterol mobilization and transport into the mitochondrial matrix for conversion to pregnenolone. In the body, the fate of pregnenolone is tissue-specific: in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex it is converted to cortisol, in the zona glomerulosa to aldosterone, and in the gonads to testosterone and then to estrone and estradiol. These pathways are outlined in the figure below, which also details the sites on the cholesterol molecule that undergo modification in the course of these reactions. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is a steroid hormone that plays a role in regulating calcium and bone metabolism. The processes by which it is synthesized, modified, and transported in the body are annotated here.

UnificationXref8300
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599279
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599279

UnificationXref8301
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599280
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599280

UnificationXref8302
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599281
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599281

UnificationXref8303
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600132
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600132

UnificationXref8304
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_204480
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_204480.2

The NLRP3 inflammasome
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1097
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1098
evidence: Evidence1838
xref: UnificationXref11077
xref: UnificationXref11076
pathway order: PathwayStep1811
pathway order: PathwayStep1810
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8305
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599282
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599282

UnificationXref8306
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600133
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600133

Evidence252
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9756920
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14521909
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11481335
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, diacylglycerol (DAG) is acylated and forms triacylglycerol (TAG) by the action of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) tetramer or by diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) (Wakimoto et al. 2003, Oelkers et al. 1998, Cases et al. 2001).

Evidence253
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19962385
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15272052
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18452279
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19957260
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, monoglyceride lipase (MGLL) hydrolyzes 2-monoacylglycerol (2-MAG) to form a fatty acid and glycerol (Dinh et al. 2004, Zvonok et al. 2008, Bertrand et al. 2010, Labar et al. 2010).

Evidence250
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8530346
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9582313
comment: Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is hydrolyzed to phosphatidic acid (PA) and choline (Cho) by the enzymes phospholipase D1/2 (PLD1/2), at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (Lopez et al. 1998, Hammond et al. 1995).

Evidence251
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20705608
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18718904
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21173190
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12359733
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17170135
comment: In the de novo synthesis of phosphatidic acid (PA), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is initially formed by the esterification of sn-1 by glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) from glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P). Next, LPA is converted to PA by a LPA acyltransferase (AGPAT, also known as LPAAT). In addition to this, PA is also formed when phosphatidylcholine (PC) is hydrolyzed by phospholipase D1/2 (PLD1/2). PA is involved in acyl chain remodeling via cleavage by phospholipases followed by reacylation by acyltransferases (Ghomashchi et al. 2010, Singer et al. 2002, Prasad et al. 2011, Shindou & Shimizu 2009, Cao et al. 2006).

Evidence256
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9083101
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18583706
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, active membrane-bound ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (PCY2) dimer condenses phosphoethanolamine (PETA) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to produce CDP-ethanolamine (CDP-ETA) (Zhu et al. 2008, Nakashima et al. 1997).

Evidence257
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18694939
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17158099
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, phosphatidate phosphatase 1-3 (LPIN) dephosphorylates phosphatidic acid (PA) to form diacylglycerol (DAG) (Grimsey et al. 2008, Donkor et al. 2007).

Evidence254
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15364929
comment: Acyl chain remodeling of triacylglycerol (TAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG) progresses through their hydrolysis by patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing proteins 2/3 (PNPLA2/3). DAG is reacylated back to TAG by acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1/2 (DGAT1/2), while DAG and its hydrolysis product 2-monoacylglycerol (2-MAG) are transacylated back to TAG by PNPLA2/3. In addition, the DAG hydrolysis product 2-MAG is subsequently hydrolyzed to fatty acid and glycerol by monoglyceride lipase (MGLL) (Jenkins et al. 2004).

Evidence255
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11044454
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19915674
comment: In the cytosol, ethanolamine (ETA) is phosphorylated to phosphoethanolamine (PETA) by choline kinase (CHK) dimer or by ethanolamine kinase 1/2 (ETNK1/2) (Lykidis et al. 2001, Gallego-Ortega et al. 2009). CHK dimer consists of either choline kinase alpha subunit (CHKA) or beta subunit (CHKB) homodimer, or of CHKA:CHKB heterodimer.

Evidence258
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12216837
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10191259
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12221122
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10893425
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17132865
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase 1 (CEPT1) or ethanolaminephosphotransferase 1 (EPT1) converts CDP- ethanolamine (CDP-ETA) and diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (Horibata et al. 2007, Wright et al. 2002, Henneberry et al. 1999, Henneberry et al. 2002, Henneberry et al. 2000).

Evidence259
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17478478
comment: At the inner mitochondrial (IM) membrane, phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme (heterodimer of two chains from the same protein) (PISD) decarboxylates phosphatidylserine (PS) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). This event has been inferred from rats and limited data for a human PISD (Forbes et al. 2007).

UnificationXref6194
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_208825
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_208825.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18395510
type: PublicationXref
id: 18395510
author: Bigotti, MG
author: Clarke, AR
db: Pubmed
title: Chaperonins: The hunt for the Group II mechanism
source: Arch Biochem Biophys 474:331-9
year: 2008

UnificationXref6195
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607635
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607635

UnificationXref6196
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188633
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188633.3

UnificationXref6197
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:25696
db: ChEBI

ubiquitinylated lysine
type: SequenceModificationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref737

UnificationXref6190
type: UnificationXref
id: Q02592
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6191
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605058
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605058

UnificationXref6192
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605059
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605059

UnificationXref6193
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605061
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605061

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15591024
type: PublicationXref
id: 15591024
author: Takano, K
author: Yoshida, M
author: Asai, M
author: Oiso, Y
author: Itoi, K
author: Yamamori, E
author: Iwasaki, Y
db: Pubmed
title: Calcium/calmodulin kinase IV pathway is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the corticotropin-releasing hormone gene promoter in neuronal cells
source: J Mol Endocrinol 33:639-49
year: 2004

UnificationXref6198
type: UnificationXref
id: 1454930
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1454930

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11879202
type: PublicationXref
id: 11879202
author: Whitsett, J
author: Vásquez-Vivar, J
author: Joseph, J
author: Martasek, P
author: Kalyanaraman, B
db: Pubmed
title: The ratio between tetrahydrobiopterin and oxidized tetrahydrobiopterin analogues controls superoxide release from endothelial nitric oxide synthase: an EPR spin trapping study
source: Biochem J 362:733-9
year: 2002

UnificationXref6199
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_111889
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_111889.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8163536
type: PublicationXref
id: 8163536
author: Sidorenko, SP
author: Chandran, KA
author: Clark, EA
author: Disteche, CM
author: Edelhoff, S
author: Law, CL
author: Weiss, A
author: Chan, AC
author: Draves, KE
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular cloning of human Syk. A B cell protein-tyrosine kinase associated with the surface immunoglobulin M-B cell receptor complex
source: J Biol Chem 269:12310-9
year: 1994

Metabolism of polyamines
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 241380.1
pathway component: REACT 256257.1
pathway component: REACT 188567.3
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction466
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction465
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction464
evidence: Evidence651
xref: UnificationXref4809
xref: UnificationXref4808
xref: RelationshipXref741
pathway order: PathwayStep646
pathway order: PathwayStep633
pathway order: PathwayStep634
pathway order: PathwayStep632
pathway order: PathwayStep638
pathway order: PathwayStep635
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence269
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12216837
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10191259
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12221122
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10893425
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase (CEPT1) converts CDP-choline (CDP-Cho) and diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (Wright et al. 2002, Henneberry et al. 1999, Henneberry et al. 2002, Henneberry et al. 2000).

RelationshipXref390
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605299
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605299

Evidence266
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3057511
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11420179
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10100195
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) methylates phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and produces phosphatidylcholine (PC) (Vance & Ridgway 1998, Shields et al. 2001, Guan et al. 1999).

Evidence265
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15944408
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19501189
comment: Lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) is hydrolyzed by phospholipases to produce glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPETA) which is in turn hydrolyzed by glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase to produce ethanolamine (ETA) and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) (Yamashita et al. 2009, Yamashita et al. 2005).

RelationshipXref392
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605377
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605377

Evidence268
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9593753
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, active membrane-bound choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A (PCYT1A) or B (PCYT1B) homodimer condenses phosphocholine (PCho) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to produce CDP-choline (CDP-Cho) (Lykidis et al. 1998).

RelationshipXref391
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601575
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601575

Evidence267
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19915674
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17007874
comment: In the cytosol, choline kinase alpha subunit (CHKA) homodimer, choline kinase beta subunit (CHKB) dimer, or CHKA:CHKB heterodimer phosphorylates choline (Cho) to produce phosphocholine (PCho) (Malito et al. 2006, Gallego-Ortega et al. 2009).

RelationshipXref394
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605374
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605374

Evidence262
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19351971
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18195019
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18781350
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18287005
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysophospholipid acyltransferases acylate 2-acyl lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) to form phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The lysophospholipid acyltransferases involved are: lysophospholipid acyltransferase 1 (MBOAT1) aka LPEAT1 (Gijon et al. 2008, Hishikawa et al. 2008); lysophospholipid acyltransferase LPCAT4 (LPCAT4) aka LPEAT2 (Cao et al. 2008, Ye et al. 2005); lysophospholipid acyltransferase 2 (MBOAT2) aka LPCAT4 (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008); lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5 (LPCAT3) (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Zhao et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008, Jain et al. 2009, Kazachkov et al. 2008).

RelationshipXref393
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0001729
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Evidence261
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19351971
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18195019
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18781350
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18287005
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysophospholipid acyltransferases acylate 1-acyl lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) to form phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The lysophospholipid acyltransferases involved are: lysophospholipid acyltransferase 1 (MBOAT1) aka LPEAT1 (Gijon et al. 2008, Hishikawa et al. 2008); lysophospholipid acyltransferase LPCAT4 (LPCAT4) aka LPEAT2 (Cao et al. 2008, Ye et al., 2005); lysophospholipid acyltransferase 2 (MBOAT2) aka LPCAT4 (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008); lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5 (LPCAT3) (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Zhao et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008, Jain et al. 2009, Kazachkov et al. 2008).

RelationshipXref396
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006665
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

Evidence264
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14702039
comment: In the cytosol, glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase (GPCPD1, also known as GDE5) hydrolyzes glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPETA) to produce ethanolamine (ETA) and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P). This event has been inferred from mice. GPCPD1 has also been characterized in humans (Ota et al. 2004).

RelationshipXref395
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006687
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

Evidence263
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20705608
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18195019
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12359733
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18287005
comment: In the acyl chain remodelling pathway (Lands cycle), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is hydrolyzed by phopholipases and subsequently reacylated by acyltransferases. These cycles modify the fatty acid composition of glycerophospholipids to generate diverse molecules asymmetrically distributed in the cell membrane (Ghomashchi et al. 2010, Singer et al. 2002, Cao et al. 2008, Zhao et al. 2008, Hishikawa et al. 2008).

RelationshipXref398
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605959
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605959

RelationshipXref397
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0097269
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Evidence260
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2332429
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1898727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12221122
comment: De novo (Kennedy pathway) synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) involves phosphorylation of ethanolamine (ETA) to phosphoethanolamine (PETA) followed by condensing with cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to form CDP-ethanolamine (CDP-ETA). Diacylglycerol (DAG) and CDP-ETA together then form PE. Alternatively, PE is formed when phosphatidylserine (PS) is decarboxylated by phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme (PISD) (Henneberry et al. 2002, Vance 1991, Vance 1990).

RelationshipXref399
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0002083
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15270074
type: PublicationXref
id: 15270074
author: Kingston, Robert E
author: Chen, Will C
author: Trinklein, Nathan D
author: Myers, Richard M
db: Pubmed
title: Transcriptional regulation and binding of heat shock factor 1 and heat shock factor 2 to 32 human heat shock genes during thermal stress and differentiation
source: Cell Stress Chaperones 9:21-8
year: 2004

UnificationXref6189
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_111818
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_111818.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11735028
type: PublicationXref
id: 11735028
author: Minoshima, S
author: Hiratsuka, M
author: Inui, K
author: Kure, S
author: Narisawa, K
author: Yang, X
author: Aoki, Y
author: Ohki, M
author: Kudoh, J
author: Shintani, A
author: Christensen, E
author: Kubota, M
author: Li, X
author: Taheri, S
author: Suzuki, Y
author: Kawasaki, K
author: Sakamoto, O
author: Shimizu, N
author: Asakawa, S
author: Shibuya, K
author: Ohira, M
author: Matsubara, Y
db: Pubmed
title: Structure of human holocarboxylase synthetase gene and mutation spectrum of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency
source: Hum. Genet. 109:526-34
year: 2001

UnificationXref6188
type: UnificationXref
id: 1369027
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1369027

UnificationXref6187
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_111450
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_111450.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22391450
type: PublicationXref
id: 22391450
author: Duan, Shenghua
author: Sadasivam, S
author: DeCaprio, James A
db: Pubmed
title: The MuvB complex sequentially recruits B-Myb and FoxM1 to promote mitotic gene expression
source: Genes Dev. 26:474-89
year: 2012

UnificationXref6182
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603011
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603011

UnificationXref6181
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_255118
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_255118.1

UnificationXref6180
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607587
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607587

UnificationXref6186
type: UnificationXref
id: 1369066
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1369066

UnificationXref6185
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:8337
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref6184
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_254626
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_254626.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8670417
type: PublicationXref
id: 8670417
author: Tarakhovsky, A
author: Guinamard, R
author: Stabel, S
author: Schaal, S
author: Davoust, J
author: Leitges, M
author: Schmedt, C
db: Pubmed
title: Immunodeficiency in protein kinase cbeta-deficient mice
source: Science 273:788-91
year: 1996

UnificationXref6183
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603013
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603013

Evidence279
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20705608
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12359733
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18287005
comment: In the acyl chain remodelling pathway (Lands cycle), phosphatidylserine (PS) is hydrolysed by phopholipases and subsequently reacylated by acyltransferases. These cycles modify the fatty acid composition of glycerophospholipids to generate diverse molecules asymmetrically distributed in the cell membrane (Ghomashchi et al. 2010, Singer et al. 2002, Cao et al. 2008; Hishikawa et al. 2008).

Evidence278
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18287005
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysophospholipid acyltransferases acylate 2-acyl lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) to form phosphatidylserine (PS). The lysophospholipid acyltransferases involved are: lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5 (LPCAT3) (Gijon et al. 2008, Hishikawa et al. 2008); lysophospholipid acyltransferase LPCAT4 (LPCAT4) aka LPEAT2 (Cao et al. 2008); or lysophospholipid acyltransferase 1 (MBOAT1) aka LPEAT1 (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008).

Evidence277
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18287005
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysophospholipid acyltransferases acylate 1-acyl lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) to form phosphatidylserine (PS). The lysophospholipid acyltransferases involved are: lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5 (LPCAT3) (Gijon et al. 2008, Hishikawa et al. 2008); lysophospholipid acyltransferase LPCAT4 (LPCAT4) aka LPEAT2 (Cao et al. 2008); or lysophospholipid acyltransferase 1 (MBOAT1) aka LPEAT1 (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008).

Evidence276
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20705608
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15944408
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19501189
comment: Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is hydrolyzed by phospholipases to produce glycerophosphocholine (GPCho) which is in turn hydrolyzed by glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase to produce choline (Cho) and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) (Yamashita et al. 2009, Yamashita et al. 2005, Ghomashchi et al. 2010).

Evidence275
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14702039
comment: In the cytosol, glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase (GPCPD1, also known as GDE5) hydrolyzes glycerophosphocholine (GPCho) to produce choline (Cho) and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P). This event has been inferred from mice. GPCPD1 has also been characterized in humans (Ota et al. 2004).

Evidence274
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20705608
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18195019
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12359733
comment: In the acyl chain remodelling pathway (Lands cycle), phosphatidylcholine (PC) is hydrolysed by phopholipases and subsequently reacylated by acyltransferases. These cycles modify the fatty acid composition of glycerophospholipids to generate diverse molecules asymmetrically distributed in the cell membrane (Ghomashchi et al. 2010, Singer et al. 2002, Cao et al. 2008, Zhao et al. 2008).

Evidence273
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17182612
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18195019
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16243729
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16864775
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16704971
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysophospholipid acyltransferases acylate 2-acyl lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to form phosphatidylcholine (PC). The lysophospholipid acyltransferases involved are: lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) (Nakanishi et al. 2006, Chen et al. 2006); lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2 (LPCAT2) (Shindou et al. 2006); lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5 (LPCAT3) (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Zhao et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008, Jain et al. 2009, Kazachkov et al. 2008); lysophospholipid acyltransferase LPCAT4 (LPCAT4) aka LPEAT2 (Cao et al. 2008, Ye et al. 2005); or lysophospholipid acyltransferase 2 (MBOAT2) aka LPCAT4 (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008).

Evidence272
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17182612
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18195019
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16243729
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16864775
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16704971
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18458083
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysophospholipid acyltransferases acylate 1-acyl lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to form phosphatidylcholine (PC). The lysophospholipid acyltransferases involved are: lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) (Nakanishi et al. 2006, Chen et al. 2006); lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2 (LPCAT2) (Shindou et al. 2006); lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5 (LPCAT3) (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Zhao et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008, Jain et al. 2009, Kazachkov et al. 2008); lysophospholipid acyltransferase LPCAT4 (LPCAT4) aka LPEAT2 (Cao et al. 2008, Ye et al. 2005); or lysophospholipid acyltransferase 2 (MBOAT2) aka LPCAT4 (Hishikawa et al. 2008, Gijon et al. 2008).

Evidence271
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12216837
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12221122
comment: De novo (Kennedy pathway) synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) involves phosphorylation of choline (Cho) to phosphocholine (PCho) followed by condensing with cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to form CDP-choline (CDP-Cho). Diacylglycerol (DAG) and CDP-ETA together then form PC. Alternatively, PC is formed when phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is methylated by phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) (Henneberry et al. 2002; Wright & McMaster 2002).

Evidence270
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12216837
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10191259
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12221122
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10893425
comment: At the Golgi membrane, cholinephosphotransferase 1 (CHPT1) converts CDP-choline (CDP-Cho) and diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (Wright et al. 2002, Henneberry et al. 1999, Henneberry et al. 2002, Henneberry et al. 2000).

UnificationXref6177
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605078
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605078

UnificationXref6176
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605074
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605074

UnificationXref6179
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_241022
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_241022.1

UnificationXref6178
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607752
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607752

UnificationXref6171
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606048
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606048

UnificationXref6170
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605068
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605068

UnificationXref6173
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605076
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605076

UnificationXref6172
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_230392
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_230392.1

UnificationXref6175
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605077
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605077

UnificationXref6174
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_263023
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_263023.1

Evidence288
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14702039
comment: At the inner mitochondrial (IM) membrane, CDP-diacylglycerol--glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase (PGS1) converts cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) to phosphatidylglycerophosphate (PGP) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP). This event is inferred from rats. The enzyme PGS1 has been characterized in humans (Ota et al. 2004).

DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction825
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction824
evidence: Evidence1358
xref: UnificationXref8308
xref: RelationshipXref1123
xref: UnificationXref8309
pathway order: PathwayStep1342
pathway order: PathwayStep1341
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence287
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8380172
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3718705
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9407135
comment: At the inner mitochondrial (IM) membrane, phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 2 (CDS2) converts phosphatidic acid (PA) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP) into cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG). Both ER and mitochondrial membranes have the capability to synthesise cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) with phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 1 and 2 (CDS1 and CDS2) (Lykidis et al. 1997, Schlame & Haldar 1993). However, transport of CDP-DAG between organelles cannot be ruled out (Stuhne-Sekalec et al. 1986).

Evidence289
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref521
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7968268
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3718705
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9407135
comment: Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) is synthesised at the inner mitochondrial (IM) membrane, phosphatidic acid (PA) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP) are converted into cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG), which in turn is converted with glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) into phosphatidylglycerophosphate (PGP) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP). Finally, PGP is dephosphorylated to PG. In addition, PG can be synthesised at the endoplamic reticulum (ER) membrane when phospholipase D transphosphatidylates phosphatidylcholine (PC) with glycerol to displace choline (Cho) and form PG (Piazza & Marmer 2007, Stuhne-Sekalec et al. 1986, Lykidis et al. 1997, Cao & Hatch 1994).

Evidence280
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3718705
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9407135
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 1 (CDS1) converts phosphatidic acid (PA) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP) into cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG). Both ER and mitochondrial membranes have the capability to synthesize cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) with phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 1 and 2 (CDS1 and CDS2) (Lykidis et al. 1997). However, transport of CDP-DAG between organelles cannot be ruled out (Stuhne-Sekalec et al. 1986).

Evidence282
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3718705
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9407135
comment: Phosphatidylinositol (PI) is synthesized when phosphatidic acid (PA) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP) are converted into cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) followed by conversion into PI and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (Stuhne-Sekalec et al 1986, Lykidis et al. 1997).

Evidence281
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9407135
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, CDP-diacylglycerol-inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase (CDIPT) converts cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) and inositol (Ins) into phosphatidylinositol (PI) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (Lykidis et al. 1997).

Evidence284
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18094042
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysophospholipid acyltransferase 7 (MBOAT7) aka LPIAT acylates 2-acyl lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) to form phosphatidylinositol (PI) (Gijon et al. 2008, Lee et al. 2008).

Evidence283
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18094042
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysophospholipid acyltransferase 7 (MBOAT7) aka LPIAT acylates 1-acyl lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) to form phosphatidylinositol (PI) (Gijon et al. 2008, Lee et al. 2008).

Evidence286
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9761774
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8530346
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9140189
comment: In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, phospholipase D1-4,6 (PLD1-4,6) transphosphatidylates phosphatidylcholine (PC) with glycerol to displace choline (Cho) and form phosphatidylglycerol (PG). This reaction is inferred from rats, but PLD enzymes are present in humans (Hammond et al. 1995, Steed et al. 1998, Cao et al. 1997).

Evidence285
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20705608
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772128
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12359733
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18094042
comment: In the acyl chain remodelling pathway (Lands cycle), phosphatidylinositol (PI) is hydrolyzed by phospholipases and subsequently reacylated by acyltransferases. These cycles modify the fatty acid composition of glycerophospholipids to generate diverse molecules asymmetrically distributed in the cell membrane (Ghomashchi et al. 2010, Singer et al. 2002, Gijon et al. 2008, Lee et al. 2008).

UnificationXref6169
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605069
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605069

UnificationXref6168
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_148493
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_148493.1

UnificationXref6167
type: UnificationXref
id: 1996292
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1996292

UnificationXref6166
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605067
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605067

UnificationXref6165
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605066
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605066

UnificationXref6164
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605065
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605065

UnificationXref6163
type: UnificationXref
id: P17609
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6162
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_119681
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_119681.1

UnificationXref6161
type: UnificationXref
id: 1996291
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=1996291

CDC6 association with the ORC:origin complex
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: TemplateReaction11
evidence: Evidence1103
xref: UnificationXref7329
xref: UnificationXref7330
pathway order: PathwayStep1040
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6160
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_244344
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_244344.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7559569
type: PublicationXref
id: 7559569
author: Buhl, AM
author: Dhanasekaran, N
author: Johnson, NL
author: Johnson, GL
db: Pubmed
title: G alpha 12 and G alpha 13 stimulate Rho-dependent stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly
source: J Biol Chem 270:24631-4
year: 1995

Evidence299
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9405935
comment: At the Golgi membrane, activated phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB) complexed to ADP-ribosylation factor 1/3 (ARF1/3) phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) (Suzuki et al. 1997).

Evidence298
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10559940
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17555535
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9148941
comment: At the Golgi membrane, ADP-ribosylation factor 1 and 3 (ARF1 and ARF3) complexed to GTP bind to phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB) and activate it (Haynes et al. 2007, Wong et al. 1997, Godi et al. 1999).

Evidence293
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21704024
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21220505
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21683693
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19703651
xref: PublicationXref535
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20823909
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21382416
comment: Glycerophospholipids are important structural and functional components of biological membranes and constituents of serum lipoproteins and the pulmonary surfactant. In addition, glycerophospholipids act as precursors of lipid mediators such as platelet-activating factor and eicosanoids. Cellular membranes contains a distinct composition of various glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), cardiolipin (CL), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and lysobisphosphatidic acid (also known as bis(monoacylglycerol) hydrogen phosphate - BMP). Glycerophospholipids are first formed by the de novo (Kennedy) pathway using fatty acids activated as acyl-CoA donors. However, the acyl groups of glycerophospholipids are highly diverse and distributed in an asymmetric manner. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are usually esterified at the sn-1 position, whereas polyunsaturated acyl groups are esterified at the sn-2 position. Subsequent acyl chain remodeling (Lands cycle) generates the diverse glycerophospholipid composition and asymmetry characteristic of cell membranes. In the de novo pathway of glycerophospholipid biosynthesis, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is initially formed from glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P). Next, LPA is converted to PA by a LPA acyltransferase (AGPAT, also known as LPAAT), then PA is metabolized into two types of glycerol derivatives. The first is diacylglycerol (DAG) which is converted to triacylglycerol (TAG), PC, and PE. Subsequently, PS is synthesized from PC or PE. The second is cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG), which is processed into PI, PG, CL, and BMP. Each glycerophospholipid is involved in acyl chain remodeling via cleavage by phospholipases followed by reacylation by an acyltransferase. Most of the glycerophospholipids are synthesized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), however, some, most notably c…

Evidence292
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19416660
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15152008
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19075029
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19741254
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9487141
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14551214
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19737925
comment: Acyl chain remodeling of cardiolipin (CL) occurs in the inner mitochondria membranes (IM) via hydrolysis by phopholipases and subsequent reacylation by acyltransferases. At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane the situation is more complicated with monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) involved in hydrolysis and subsequent reacylation back to CL (Zachman et al. 2010, Malhotra et al. 2009, Xu et al. 2003, Taylor & Hatch 2009, Cao et al. 2004, Zhao et al. 2009, Buckland et al. 1998).

Evidence291
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19075029
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysocardiolipin acyltransferase 1 (LCLAT1) aka ALCAT1 acylates dilysocardiolipin (DLCL) to produce monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) (Zhao et al. 2009).

Evidence290
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15152008
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19075029
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, lysocardiolipin acyltransferase 1 (LCLAT1) aka ALCAT1 acylates monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) to cardiolipin (CL) (Cao et al. 2004, Zhao et al. 2009).

Evidence297
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11923287
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10559940
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11279162
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10101268
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12324459
comment: At the Golgi membrane, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha (PI4KA) (Gehrmann et al. 1999, Godi et al. 1999), or phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2-alpha/beta (PI4K2A/B) (Balla et al. 2002, Minogue et al. 2001, Wei et al. 2002) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI) to produce phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P).

Evidence296
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14527956
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9148941
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10101268
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12324459
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) are interconverted (Wong et al. 1997, Gehrmann et al. 1999, Wei et al. 2002, Rohde et al. 2003).

Evidence295
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14527956
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, transmembrane protein phosphatidylinositide phosphatase SAC1 (SACM1L) efficiently dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), and to a lesser extent phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), to phosphatidylinositol (PI). No significant activity of this enzyme towards phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) was detected (Rohde et al. 2003).

Evidence294
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9148941
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10101268
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12324459
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha (PI4KA) (Wong et al. 1997, Gehrmann et al. 1999) or phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2-beta (PI4K2B) (Wei et al. 2002) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI) to produce phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P).

UnificationXref6159
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605091
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605091

UnificationXref6158
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605090
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605090

UnificationXref6155
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602442
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602442

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17320507
type: PublicationXref
id: 17320507
author: Kouzarides, Tony
db: Pubmed
title: Chromatin modifications and their function
source: Cell 128:693-705
year: 2007

UnificationXref6154
type: UnificationXref
id: P42657
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6157
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602444
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602444

UnificationXref6156
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602443
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602443

UnificationXref6151
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_244742
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_244742.1

UnificationXref6150
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605095
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605095

UnificationXref6153
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602438
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602438

UnificationXref6152
type: UnificationXref
id: P42656
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O36027
data source: Provenance1
name: O36027
name: N-WASP
xref: UnificationXref11135
feature: FragmentFeature1847
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5603697
display name: WASL

UnificationXref8390
type: UnificationXref
id: 110291
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110291

UnificationXref6130
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604466
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604466

Homologues of p-S144,T423-PAK1
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: phospho-p-S144,T423-PAK1
xref: UnificationXref11146
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605842

UnificationXref8391
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3022
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3022.1

UnificationXref6131
type: UnificationXref
id: O94318
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8392
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600139
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600139

UnificationXref8393
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600231
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600231

UnificationXref8394
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227846
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227846.2

UnificationXref8395
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600140
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600140

UnificationXref8396
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_207229
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_207229.2

UnificationXref8397
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9USR0
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P48011
data source: Provenance1
name: RPABC4
name: RPB7.0
name: HsRPABC4
name: RPB10alpha
name: ABC10-alpha
name: P48011
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III 7.0 kDa polypeptide
xref: UnificationXref11118
feature: FragmentFeature1840
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605786
display name: POLR2K

UnificationXref8398
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600152
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600152

UnificationXref6138
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188549
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188549.3

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q09191
data source: Provenance1
name: Q09191
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II 23 kDa polypeptide (EC 2.7.7.6) (RPB25) (XAP4) (RPB5)
name: POLR2E
name: HsRPABC1
name: RPABC1
name: RPB5
name: RPB25
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II 23 kDa polypeptide
xref: UnificationXref11119
feature: FragmentFeature1841
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605787
display name: XAP4

UnificationXref8399
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7R9
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6139
type: UnificationXref
id: GO:0030659
db: GENE ONTOLOGY

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:P36595
data source: Provenance1
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II 14.4 kDa polypeptide (EC 2.7.7.6) (RPB6) (RPB14.4)
name: POLR2F
name: RPB14.4
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II 14.4 kDa polypeptide
name: HsRPABC2
name: RPABC2
name: P36595
xref: UnificationXref11120
feature: FragmentFeature1842
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605788
display name: RPB6

UnificationXref6136
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_177701
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_177701.3

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O13877
data source: Provenance1
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II 7.6 kDa polypeptide
name: HsRPABC5
name: RPABC5
name: POLR2L
name: O13877
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II 7.6 kDa polypeptide (EC 2.7.7.6) (RPB10) (RPB7.6)
name: RPB7.6
xref: UnificationXref11121
feature: FragmentFeature1843
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605789
display name: RPB10

UnificationXref6137
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607728
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607728

Q9C106
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:Q9C106
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: RPC62
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC3
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit C
name: HsRPC3
name: POLR3C
name: RNA polymerase III 62 kDa subunit
xref: UnificationXref11122
feature: FragmentFeature1844
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605796
display name: RPC3

UnificationXref6134
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604493
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604493

O94553
type: Protein
entity reference: O94553
data source: Provenance1
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerases III 39 kDa polypeptide
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: POLR3F
name: RNA polymerase III C39 subunit
name: HsRPC6
xref: UnificationXref11123
feature: FragmentFeature1845
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605797
display name: RPC39

UnificationXref6135
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604508
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604508

WASP/N-WASP
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref11136
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5603698
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

UnificationXref6132
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604470
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604470

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O36027
data source: Provenance1
name: O36027
name: WASP
xref: UnificationXref11134
feature: FragmentFeature1846
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5603696
display name: WAS

UnificationXref6133
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604471
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604471

Evidence191
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3709573
comment: Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase tetramer (ACAT1) in the mitochondrial matrix catalyzes the reversible reaction of two molecules of acetyl-CoA to form acetoacetyl-CoA and CoA (Middleton et al. 1986).

Evidence192
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11479731
comment: Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase tetramer (HMGCS2) in the mitochondrial matrix catalyzes the reaction of acetoacetyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA to form beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) and CoA (Aledo et al. 2001).

Evidence193
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21479626
comment: In a healthy, well-nourished individual, the production of ketone bodies occurs at a relatively low rate. During periods of normal physiological responses to carbohydrate shortages, the liver increases the production of ketone bodies from acetyl-CoA generated from fatty acid oxidation. This allows heart and skeletal muscle to use ketone bodies as the primary source of energy, thereby preserving the limited glucose supply for use in brain tissue. In untreated diabetes mellitus, a huge buildup of ketone bodies occurs due to an increase in fatty acid oxidation. The production of ketone bodies exceeds the ability of peripheral tissues to oxidize them, and results in lowering the pH of blood. Blood acidification is dangerous, chiefly as it impairs the ability of hemoglobin to bind oxygen. Ketone body synthesis proceeds via the synthesis of ccetoacetic acid in three steps from acetyl CoA, followed by the reduction of acetoacetic acid to beta-hydroxybutyrate. In the body, these reactions occur in the mitochondria of liver cells (Sass 2011).

Evidence194
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3709573
comment: Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase tetramer (ACAT1) in the mitochondrial matrix catalyzes the reversible reaction of acetoacetyl-CoA and CoA to form two molecules of acetyl-CoA (Middleton et al. 1986).

Evidence195
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21479626
comment: The levels of acetone in ketone bodies are much lower than those of acetoacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid. Acetone cannot be converted back to acetyl-CoA, and is excreted in urine, or breathed out through the lungs. Extrahepatic tissues utilize ketone bodies by converting the beta-hydroxybutyrate successively to acetoacetate, acetoacetatyl-CoA, finally to acetyl-CoA (Sass 2011).

Evidence196
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21479626
comment: Acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone collectively are called ketone bodies. The first two are synthesized from acetyl-CoA, in the mitochondria of liver cells; acetone is formed by spontaneous decarboxylation of acetoacetate. Ketone body synthesis in liver is effectively irreversible because the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA is not present in liver cells. Ketone bodies, unlike fatty acids and triglycerides, are water-soluble. They are exported from the liver, and are taken up by other tissues, notably brain and skeletal and cardiac muscle. There, they are broken down to acetyl-CoA which is oxidized via the TCA cycle to yield energy. In a normal person, this pathway of ketone body synthesis and utilization is most active during extended periods of fasting. Under these conditions, mobilization and breakdown of stored fatty acids generates abundant acetyl-CoA acetyl-CoA in liver cells for synthesis of ketone bodies, and their utilization in other tissues minimizes the demand of these tissues for glucose (Sass 2011).

Evidence197
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref387
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7821823
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8163052
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8687421
comment: FAD-linked mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2, alias: mGPDH) and its NAD-linked cytosolic isoform (GPD1, alias:cGPDH) constitute glycerol phosphate shuttle. GPD2 catalyzes the unidirectional conversion of glycerol-3-phosphate (G-3-P) to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) with concomitant reduction of the enzyme-bound FAD. Impaired activity of GPD2 has been suggested to be one of the primary causes of insulin secretory defects in beta-cells and thus it is a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes.

Evidence198
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8647822
comment: The HMGCR gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

Evidence199
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19088433
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12177166
comment: The HMGCS1 gene is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17555535
type: PublicationXref
id: 17555535
author: Sherwood, MW
author: Burgoyne, RD
author: Dolman, NJ
author: Haynes, LP
db: Pubmed
title: Specificity, promiscuity and localization of ARF protein interactions with NCS-1 and phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase-III beta
source: Traffic 8:1080-92
year: 2007

PublicationXref1005
type: PublicationXref
id: 0079130356
author: Phang, JM
author: Hu, CA
author: Valle, D
db: ISBN
title: Disorders of proline and hydroxyproline metabolism
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Book): 1821-1838
year: 2001

POLR2H
type: Protein
entity reference: Q92399
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III 17.1 kDa polypeptide
name: Q92399
name: RPABC3
name: RPB17
xref: UnificationXref11117
feature: FragmentFeature1839
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605785
display name: RPB8

UnificationXref6140
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10496
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O94666
data source: Provenance1
name: HsRPC1
name: POLR3A
name: RPC155
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III largest subunit
name: O94666
xref: UnificationXref11115
feature: FragmentFeature1837
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605790
display name: RPC1

UnificationXref6141
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605075
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605075

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:Q10233
data source: Provenance1
name: Q10233
name: RNA polymerase III subunit 2
name: HsRPC2
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit 127.6 kDa polypeptide
name: POLR3B
xref: UnificationXref11116
feature: FragmentFeature1838
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605791
display name: RPC2

UnificationXref6142
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605089
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605089

Protein kinase C substrate 60.1 kDa protein heavy chain
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9USH8
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: GLU2B_HUMAN
name: Glucosidase 2 subunit beta
name: AGER-2
name: Q9USH8
xref: UnificationXref11085
feature: FragmentFeature1831
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5604315
display name: PRKCSH

UnificationXref6147
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602092
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602092

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:Q9C0Z9
data source: Provenance1
name: Q9C0Z9
name: RPC9_HUMAN
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC9
xref: UnificationXref11108
feature: FragmentFeature1832
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605800
display name: CRCP

UnificationXref6148
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602094
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602094

UnificationXref6149
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605093
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605093

Oligosaccharyl transferase 48 kDa subunit
type: Protein
entity reference: O59866
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: AGER1
name: O59866
name: Ost48
name: Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit
xref: UnificationXref11083
feature: FragmentFeature1830
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5604311
display name: DDOST

DNA-directed RNA polymerases I and III subunit RPAC1
type: Protein
entity reference: O94616
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: O94616
name: RPA40
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase I and III 40 kDa polypeptide
name: HsRPAC1
name: POLR1C
name: RPA39
xref: UnificationXref11113
feature: FragmentFeature1835
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605792
display name: AC40

Evidence190
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11257506
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10856709
comment: The mitochondrial carnitine system catalyzes the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix where they undergo beta oxidation. This transport system consists of the malonyl-CoA sensitive carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I) localized in the mitochondrial outer membrane, the carnitine:acylcarnitine translocase, an integral inner membrane protein, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase II localized on the matrix side of the inner membrane. (Kerner and Hoppel, 2000).

UnificationXref6143
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602095
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602095

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q09177
data source: Provenance1
name: POLR1D
name: Q09177
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase I and III 16 kDa polypeptide
name: HsRPAC2
name: RPA16
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerases I and III subunit RPAC2
xref: UnificationXref11114
feature: FragmentFeature1836
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605793
display name: AC19

UnificationXref6144
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602097
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602097

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O94285
data source: Provenance1
name: POLR3H
name: O94285
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit 22.9 kDa polypeptide
name: HsRPC8
xref: UnificationXref11109
feature: FragmentFeature1833
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605799
display name: RPC8

UnificationXref6145
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602098
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602098

RNA polymerase III subunit C10
type: Protein
entity reference: O13896
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: POLR3K
name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC10
name: HsRPC10
name: O13896
name: RNA polymerase III 12.5 kDa subunit
name: RNA polymerase III subunit C11
xref: UnificationXref11111
feature: FragmentFeature1834
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605794
display name: RPC11

UnificationXref6146
type: UnificationXref
id: 5605092
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605092

Evidence182
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis involves following steps: -Palmitate synthesis catalyzed by Acetyl-CoA carboxylase and Fatty acid synthase -Conversion of palmitic acid to long chain fatty acids and -Conversion of long chain fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA by acyl-CoA synthases.

Evidence183
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16460752
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19666841
comment: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is converted to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD1) or by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-like (GPD1L) enzymes (Ou et al. 2006, Valdivia et al. 2009). The active forms of both enzymes are homodimers. This reaction may be found in white adipose tissues where glycerol-3-kinase activity is not observed in sufficient levels. GPD1/GPD1L reduces dihydroxyacetone phosphate with NADH donating electrons to this reduction.

Evidence180
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12482854
comment: Trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA reductase (TECR) catalyzes the reaction of trans-octadec-2-enoyl-CoA and NADPH + H+ to form stearoyl-CoA and NADP+. This activity of TECR protein and its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane was established in studies of transfected cells expressing the protein (Moon and Horton 2003).

Evidence181
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4379659
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16564093
comment: Very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA molecules are synthesized from palmitic acid (C16) or other fatty acids that are synthesized de novo or obtained from the diet. Before they can be elongated, these fatty acids are activated by conversion to fatty acyl-CoAs in reactions catalyzed by the five members of the ACSL (acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain) enzyme family. Elongation proceeds by a four-step reaction sequence parallel to that responsible for the synthesis of palmitate (C16) from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA: a molecule of malonyl-CoA condenses with the long chain fatty acyl-CoA forming a 3-oxoacyl-CoA containing two more carbon atoms than the starting long chain fatty acyl-CoA and CO2. This reaction is catalyzed by one of the seven members of the ELOVL (Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein) enzyme family. The 3-oxoacyl-CoA is reduced to a 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA by HSD17B12 (hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 12), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA is dehydrated to a trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, and the trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA is reduced to a fatty acid two carbon atoms longer than the input one by TECR (trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA reductase) enzyme. All of these enzyme activities are associated with separate polypeptides associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, unlike the multifunctional and cytosolic FAS complex responsible for synthesis of palmitic acid (Jakobsson ea 2006; Nugteren 1965). The specific reactions annotated here mediate the synthesis of stearoyl-CoA (3-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA) from palmitate, as well as the activation and condensation with malonyl-CoA of arachidonic acid, a 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid that plays a central role in the synthesis of prostaglandins and related hormones. Human cells contain a wide range of very long chain fatty acids, and the enzymes involved in these reactions are believed to have broader substrate specificities than are shown in these annotations, but few direct experimental data are available to support more extensive annotations.

Evidence186
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14521909
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11481335
comment: Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT2) associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane catalyzes the reaction of 1,2-diacyl-glycerol and acyl-CoA to form triacylglycerol + CoASH (Cases et al. 2001, Wakimoto et al. 2003).

Evidence187
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8944226
comment: The overall process of triglyceride (triacylglycerol) biosynthesis consists of four biochemical pathways: fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis, conversion of fatty acyl-CoA to phosphatidic acid, conversion of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol, and conversion fo diacylglycerol to triacylglycerol.

Evidence184
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref370
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17707131
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9461603
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19336658
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18718904
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9212163
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16620771
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16864775
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16495223
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15367102
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16704971
comment: At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is acylated to phosphatidic acid (PA) by the enzymes 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (AGPAT1 through 11), and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT1) (Aguado and Campbell 1998). See recent review by Agarwal (2012, in press). AGPAT1, 2, 3 and LPCAT1 have been characterized biochemically (AGPAT1, 2: Yamashita et al. 2007, West et al. 1997, Aguado and Campbell 1998, Gale et al. 2006; AGPAT3: Agarwal et al. 2006; LPCAT1: Nakanishi et al. 2006, Chen et al. 2006). Two additional proteins, AGPAT4 and AGPAT5, are inferred to have such activity based on studies of homologous mouse enzymes (Lu et al. 2005). These enzymes differ in their tissue specific patterns of expression in the body and in their preferences for specific acyl CoA molecules (Shindou and Shimizu 2009; Takeuchi and Reue 2009).

Evidence185
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18694939
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17158099
comment: Lipin proteins LPIN1, 2, and 3, associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, can each catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphatidate to yield 1,2-diacyl-glycerol and orthophosphate. The activities of LPIN1 and LPIN2 have been established experimentally (Grimsey et al. 2008); that of LPIN3 is inferred from its structural similarities both to its human paralogues and to its mouse ortholog (Donkor et al. 2007). Only LPIN1 has been shown to be stably associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, but all three enzymes appear to be catalytically active at that location (Grimsey et al. 2008; Donkor et al. 2007).

Evidence188
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17223360
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10677481
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9099716
comment: Cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA) catalyzes the reaction of bicarbonate, ATP, and acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA, ADP, and orthophosphate. The reaction is positively regulated by citrate. The human ACACA cDNA has been cloned (Abu-Elheiga et al. 1995) and the biochemical properties of the human enzyme have recently been described (Cheng et al. 2007; Locke et al. 2008). Four ACACA isoforms generated by alternative splicing have been identified as mRNAs - the protein product of the first has been characterized experimentally.

Evidence189
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15060529
comment: The phosphorylated AMPK inactivates ACC2 in muscle cells by phophorylation. This results in decreased levels of malonyl CoA.

UnificationXref8372
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598311
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598311

UnificationXref8373
type: UnificationXref
id: O74825
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8374
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598287
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598287

UnificationXref8375
type: UnificationXref
id: O74635
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8370
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598275
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598275

Homologous Recombination Repair
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 212334.2
evidence: Evidence1352
xref: RelationshipXref1120
xref: UnificationXref8282
xref: UnificationXref8281
pathway order: PathwayStep1336
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8371
type: UnificationXref
id: P36595
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6112
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604484
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604484

UnificationXref6113
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604485
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604485

UnificationXref6110
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604482
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604482

UnificationXref6111
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604483
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604483

UnificationXref8376
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598279
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598279

UnificationXref6116
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604488
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604488

UnificationXref8377
type: UnificationXref
id: Q92399
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6117
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604489
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604489

UnificationXref8378
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598299
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598299

UnificationXref6114
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604486
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604486

UnificationXref8379
type: UnificationXref
id: P48011
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6115
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604487
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604487

UnificationXref6119
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604491
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604491

UnificationXref6118
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604490
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604490

PublicationXref1025
type: PublicationXref
id: 0079130356
author: Williams, JC
author: Sweetman, L
db: ISBN
title: Branched chain organic acidurias
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Book): 2125-2163
year: 2001

PublicationXref1026
type: PublicationXref
id: 0079130356
author: Shih, VE
author: Chuang, DT
db: ISBN
title: Maple syrup urine disease (branched-chain ketoaciduria)
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Book): 1971-2005
year: 2001

UnificationXref8385
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09191
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8386
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598307
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598307

UnificationXref8383
type: UnificationXref
id: P36594
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8384
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600137
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600137

UnificationXref8381
type: UnificationXref
id: P37382
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8382
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598295
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598295

UnificationXref8380
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598303
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598303

UnificationXref6120
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604492
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604492

phospho-p-Y90,T219,T538,S676,S695-PRKCQ
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:P36582
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11178
feature: ModificationFeature314
feature: ModificationFeature300
feature: FragmentFeature1852
feature: ModificationFeature303
feature: ModificationFeature304
feature: ModificationFeature302
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606344

UnificationXref6121
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604507
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604507

phospho-p-Y90,T219,T538,S676,S695-PRKCQ
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:P36583
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11179
feature: ModificationFeature307
feature: ModificationFeature306
feature: ModificationFeature305
feature: ModificationFeature315
feature: FragmentFeature1853
feature: ModificationFeature301
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606346

UnificationXref6122
type: UnificationXref
id: O14177
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9UUA6
data source: Provenance1
name: Phosphatidate phosphatase PPAPDC1A
name: PPC1A_HUMAN
name: PPAPDC1A
xref: UnificationXref11164
feature: FragmentFeature1851
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605850
display name: Q9UUA6

UnificationXref6123
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604455
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604455

Homologues of p-Y90,T219,T538,S676,S695-PRKCQ
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: phospho-p-Y90,T219,T538,S676,S695-PRKCQ
xref: UnificationXref11180
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606347
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

UnificationXref6124
type: UnificationXref
id: O14296
db: UniProt

Q09706
type: Protein
entity reference: Q09706
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: Phospholipase D2
name: PLD2_HUMAN
xref: UnificationXref11159
feature: FragmentFeature1850
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605854
display name: PLD2

UnificationXref8389
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600138
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600138

UnificationXref6125
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604459
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604459

Phosphatidate phosphatase
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref11165
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605851

UnificationXref6126
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7F7
db: UniProt

phospho-p-S144,T423-PAK1
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:Q10056
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11145
feature: FragmentFeature1849
feature: ModificationFeature313
feature: ModificationFeature312
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605841

UnificationXref8387
type: UnificationXref
id: O13877
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6127
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604463
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604463

phospholipase D
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Q09706
xref: UnificationXref11160
cellular location: GO_0005886
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605855
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
display name: PLD

UnificationXref8388
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598315
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598315

UnificationXref6128
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604464
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604464

phospho-p-S144,T423-PAK1
type: Protein
entity reference: P50527
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11144
feature: ModificationFeature311
feature: ModificationFeature310
feature: FragmentFeature1848
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605838

UnificationXref6129
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604465
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604465

PublicationXref1034
type: PublicationXref
id: 0079130356
author: Goodman, SI
author: Frerman, FE
db: ISBN
title: Organic acidemias due to defects in lysine oxidation: 2-ketoadipic acidemia and glutaric acidemia
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Book): 2195-2204
year: 2001

PublicationXref1033
type: PublicationXref
id: 0079130356
author: Cox, RP
db: ISBN
title: Errors of lysine metabolism
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Book): 1965-1970
year: 2001

PublicationXref1039
type: PublicationXref
id: 0079130356
author: Tanguay, RM
author: Mitchell, GA
author: Grompe, M
author: Lambert, M
db: ISBN
title: Hypertyrosinemia
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Book): 1777-1805
year: 2001

PublicationXref1038
type: PublicationXref
id: 0079130356
author: Thony, B
author: Blau, N
author: Cotton, RG
author: Hyland, K
db: ISBN
title: Disorders of tetrahydrobiopterin and related biogenic amines
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Book): 1725-1776
year: 2001

UnificationXref8355
type: UnificationXref
id: 109961
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109961

UnificationXref8354
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3448
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3448.1

UnificationXref8357
type: UnificationXref
id: 109966
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109966

UnificationXref8356
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3852
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3852.2

UnificationXref8359
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599545
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599545

UnificationXref8358
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4318
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4318.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11863375
type: PublicationXref
id: 11863375
author: Yang, RZ
author: Shuldiner, AR
author: Gong, DW
author: Blaileanu, G
author: Hansen, BC
db: Pubmed
title: cDNA cloning, genomic structure, chromosomal mapping, and functional expression of a novel human alanine aminotransferase
source: Genomics 79:445-50
year: 2002

UnificationXref8351
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607246
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607246

UnificationXref8350
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_210757
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_210757.2

UnificationXref8353
type: UnificationXref
id: 109964
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109964

UnificationXref8352
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_207825
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_207825.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16319917
type: PublicationXref
id: 16319917
author: Newman, SC
author: Radomski, MW
author: Jurasz, P
author: Lara, N
author: Le Mellédo, JM
author: Baker, G
author: Archer, SL
author: Chrapko, W
db: Pubmed
title: Alteration of decreased plasma NO metabolites and platelet NO synthase activity by paroxetine in depressed patients
source: Neuropsychopharmacology 31:1286-93
year: 2006

UnificationXref8368
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598283
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598283

UnificationXref6104
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604476
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604476

UnificationXref8367
type: UnificationXref
id: Q02061
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6103
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604475
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604475

UnificationXref8366
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598291
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598291

UnificationXref6106
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604478
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604478

UnificationXref8365
type: UnificationXref
id: O14459
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6105
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604477
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604477

UnificationXref6100
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604472
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604472

UnificationXref6102
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604474
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604474

UnificationXref8369
type: UnificationXref
id: P87123
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6101
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604473
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604473

UnificationXref8360
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_213620
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213620.2

UnificationXref8364
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_218050
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_218050.2

abacavir [ChEBI:421707]
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: abacavir
name: {(1S-cis)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl}methanol
xref: UnificationXref5354

UnificationXref8363
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607243
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607243

UnificationXref8362
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_211449
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_211449.2

UnificationXref8361
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607252
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607252

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9587671
type: PublicationXref
id: 9587671
author: Schwimmer, C
author: Le Saux, A
author: Vignais, PV
author: Trezeguet, V
author: Fiore, C
author: Lauquin, GJ
author: Roux, P
author: Brandolin, G
author: Noel, F
author: Dianoux, AC
db: Pubmed
title: The mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier: structural, physiological and
source: Biochimie 80:137-50
year: 1998

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12881475
type: PublicationXref
id: 12881475
author: Koesling, D
author: Friebe, A
db: Pubmed
title: Regulation of nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase
source: Circ Res 93:96-105
year: 2003

UnificationXref6107
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604479
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604479

UnificationXref6108
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604480
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604480

UnificationXref6109
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604481
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604481

UnificationXref8337
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599340
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599340

Sulfur amino acid metabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 231526.1
pathway component: REACT 188322.3
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction481
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction482
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction486
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction485
pathway component: REACT 188567.3
evidence: Evidence673
xref: RelationshipXref778
xref: UnificationXref4954
xref: UnificationXref4955
pathway order: PathwayStep668
pathway order: PathwayStep646
pathway order: PathwayStep659
pathway order: PathwayStep658
pathway order: PathwayStep655
pathway order: PathwayStep660
pathway order: PathwayStep654
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8336
type: UnificationXref
id: Q06182
db: UniProt

Cyclin B2 mediated events
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction701
evidence: Evidence1067
xref: UnificationXref7149
xref: UnificationXref7150
pathway order: PathwayStep1057
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8339
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600135
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600135

UnificationXref8338
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599345
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599345

UnificationXref8333
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227430
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227430.2

UnificationXref8332
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599336
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599336

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22013531
type: PublicationXref
id: 22013531
author: Alves, S
author: Coutinho, MF
author: Lacerda, L
db: Pubmed
title: Glycosaminoglycan storage disorders: a review
source: Biochem Res Int 2012:471325
year: 2012

UnificationXref8335
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599344
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599344

UnificationXref8334
type: UnificationXref
id: P36617
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8331
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599334
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599334

UnificationXref8330
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5682
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5682.1

PublicationXref1062
type: PublicationXref
id: 0079130356
author: Horwich, AL
author: Brusilow, SW
db: ISBN
title: Urea cycle enzymes
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Book): 1909-1963
year: 2001

UnificationXref8349
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599349
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599349

UnificationXref8348
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599347
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599347

UnificationXref8347
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3924
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3924.1

UnificationXref8346
type: UnificationXref
id: 109942
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109942

UnificationXref8345
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225144
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225144.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16543383
type: PublicationXref
id: 16543383
author: Pollard, JW
author: Pollack, SE
author: Cohen, PE
db: Pubmed
title: Genetic analysis of chromosome pairing, recombination, and cell cycle control during first meiotic prophase in mammals
source: Endocr Rev 27:398-426
year: 2006

UnificationXref8344
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607242
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607242

UnificationXref8343
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_224038
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_224038.2

UnificationXref8342
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600134
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600134

UnificationXref8341
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599346
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599346

UnificationXref8340
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_217510
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_217510.2

UniProt:Q10421
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref273
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11498013
type: PublicationXref
id: 11498013
author: Sorkin, A
db: Pubmed
title: Internalization of the epidermal growth factor receptor: role in signalling
source: Biochem Soc Trans 29:480-4
year: 2001

UniProt:Q10425
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref339
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11278778
type: PublicationXref
id: 11278778
author: Trimble, RB
author: Cipollo, JF
author: Yan, Q
author: Dean, N
author: Chi, JH
db: Pubmed
title: The yeast ALG11 gene specifies addition of the terminal alpha 1,2-Man to the Man5GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol N-glycosylation intermediate formed on the cytosolic side of the endoplasmic reticulum
source: J Biol Chem 276:21828-40
year: 2001

Insulin receptor recycling
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction762
evidence: Evidence1205
xref: UnificationXref7686
xref: UnificationXref7687
pathway order: PathwayStep1190
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15272052
type: PublicationXref
id: 15272052
author: Dinh, TP
author: Piomelli, D
author: Kathuria, S
db: Pubmed
title: RNA interference suggests a primary role for monoacylglycerol lipase in the degradation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol
source: Mol Pharmacol 66:1260-4
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10903473
type: PublicationXref
id: 10903473
author: Sprecher, H
db: Pubmed
title: Metabolism of highly unsaturated n-3 and n-6 fatty acids
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 1486:219-31
year: 2000

RelationshipXref300
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008374
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref301
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605156
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605156

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18802471
type: PublicationXref
id: 18802471
author: Jefferies, WA
author: Seipp, RP
author: Basha, G
author: Omilusik, KD
author: Lizée, G
author: Reinicke, AT
db: Pubmed
title: MHC class I endosomal and lysosomal trafficking coincides with exogenous antigen loading in dendritic cells
source: PLoS One 3:e3247
year: 2008

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17177598
type: PublicationXref
id: 17177598
author: DeBiasi, RM
author: Leahy, DJ
author: Paez, JG
author: Yoshimoto, K
author: O'Neill, K
author: Thomas, RK
author: Cloughesy, T
author: Greulich, H
author: Yuza, Y
author: Ziaugra, L
author: Vivanco, I
author: Levine, RL
author: Rao, PN
author: Xu, Q
author: Gabriel, S
author: Onofrio, R
author: Lee, JC
author: Glatt, KA
author: Nghiemphu, P
author: Peck, TC
author: Liau, LM
author: Huang, JHY
author: Beroukhim, R
author: King, JC
author: Linhart, DJ
author: Kawaguchi, T
author: Sellers, WR
author: Mellinghoff, IK
author: Meyerson, M
author: Feng, WL
author: Getz, G
author: Nelson, SF
author: Mischel, P
author: Sawyers, CL
author: Pieper, RO
author: Khan, H
db: Pubmed
title: Epidermal growth factor receptor activation in glioblastoma through novel missense mutations in the extracellular domain
source: PLoS Med 3:e485
year: 2006

RelationshipXref305
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605440
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605440

RelationshipXref304
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004430
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref303
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046474
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

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type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0035965
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

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type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605480
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605480

RelationshipXref308
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605543
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605543

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19338303
type: PublicationXref
id: 19338303
author: Han, Q
author: Robinson, H
author: Tagle, DA
author: Cai, T
author: Li, J
db: Pubmed
title: Structural insight into the inhibition of human kynurenine aminotransferase I/glutamine transaminase K
source: J Med Chem 52:2786-93
year: 2009

RelationshipXref307
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605524
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605524

RelationshipXref306
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0034596
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1968462
type: PublicationXref
id: 1968462
author: Edwards, PA
author: Kutsunai, SY
author: Wilkin, DJ
db: Pubmed
title: Isolation and sequence of the human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase cDNA. Coordinate regulation of the mRNAs for farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase by phorbol ester
source: J Biol Chem 265:4607-14
year: 1990

3-Ureidoisobutyrate
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: 3-ureidoisobutyric acid
name: ChEBI:1670 3-ureidoisobutyric acid
xref: UnificationXref3790

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7874169
type: PublicationXref
id: 7874169
author: Pulleyn, LJ
author: Schinzel, A
author: Losken, HW
author: Malcolm, S
author: Muenke, M
author: Schell, U
author: Reardon, W
author: Rutland, P
author: Robin, NH
author: Hehr, A
db: Pubmed
title: A common mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene in Pfeiffer syndrome
source: Nat Genet 8:269-74
year: 1994

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18653779
type: PublicationXref
id: 18653779
author: Sandahl, MA
author: Miraglia, L
author: Hunter, D
author: Earp HS, 3rd
author: Muraoka-Cook, RS
db: Pubmed
title: Prolactin and ErbB4/HER4 signaling interact via Janus kinase 2 to induce mammary epithelial cell gene expression differentiation
source: Mol Endocrinol 22:2307-21
year: 2008

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2241899
type: PublicationXref
id: 2241899
author: Doyle, JM
author: Bossa, F
author: Doonan, S
author: Schinina, ME
db: Pubmed
title: The amino acid sequence of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase from human liver
source: Biochem J 270:651-7
year: 1990

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20208542
type: PublicationXref
id: 20208542
author: Grummt, Ingrid
author: Feng, Weijun
author: Jenuwein, Thomas
author: Ye, Jing
author: Yonezawa, Masato
db: Pubmed
title: PHF8 activates transcription of rRNA genes through H3K4me3 binding and H3K9me1/2 demethylation
source: Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 17:445-50
year: 2010

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17463226
type: PublicationXref
id: 17463226
author: Puggioni, EM
author: Cesareni, G
author: Gulino, A
author: Santangelo, L
author: Belleudi, F
author: Palumbo, C
author: Frati, L
author: Marrocco, J
author: Omerovic, J
author: Torrisi, MR
author: Di Marcotullio, L
author: Alimandi, M
author: Dall'Armi, C
db: Pubmed
title: The E3 ligase Aip4/Itch ubiquitinates and targets ErbB-4 for degradation
source: FASEB J 21:2849-62
year: 2007

UniProt:P24865
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6695
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

ORC:origin:Cdc13 (cyclin B) complex
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11210
xref: UnificationXref11211
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 113635

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17170135
type: PublicationXref
id: 17170135
author: Li, JL
author: Gimeno, RE
author: Li, D
author: Tobin, JF
author: Cao, J
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular identification of microsomal acyl-CoA:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, a key enzyme in de novo triacylglycerol synthesis
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:19695-700
year: 2006

UniProt:Q10452
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref5639
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8567683
type: PublicationXref
id: 8567683
author: Beardsley, GP
author: Moroson, BA
author: Rayl, EA
db: Pubmed
title: The human purH gene product, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase
source: J Biol Chem 271:2225-2233
year: 1996

UniProt:Q10445
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8297
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14671330
type: PublicationXref
id: 14671330
author: McRee, DE
author: Ribas de Pouplana, L
author: Otero, FJ
author: Yang, XL
author: Schimmel, P
author: Skene, RJ
db: Pubmed
title: Crystal structures that suggest late development of genetic code components for differentiating aromatic side chains
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:15376-80
year: 2003

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18762715
type: PublicationXref
id: 18762715
author: Ohta, KY
author: Yuasa, H
author: Inoue, K
author: Ishii, M
author: Katano, T
author: Watanabe, J
author: Ohgusu, Y
author: Urano, K
db: Pubmed
title: Functional characterization of human aquaporin 9 as a facilitative glycerol carrier
source: Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 23:279-84
year: 2008

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21540551
type: PublicationXref
id: 21540551
author: Matejas, V
author: Kispert, A
author: Casarin, A
author: Faul, C
author: Pertegato, V
author: Akman, S
author: Kusakabe, T
author: Wang, S
author: Santos-Ocaña, C
author: Krick, S
author: Doimo, M
author: Hildebrandt, F
author: Chernin, G
author: Vega-Warner, V
author: McLaughlin, HM
author: Nürnberg, G
author: Navas, P
author: Chaki, M
author: Schoeb, DS
author: Becker, C
author: Saisawat, P
author: Heeringa, SF
author: Varpizen, S
author: Prokisch, H
author: Wiggins, RC
author: Nürnberg, P
author: Beissert, A
author: Zhou, W
author: Bakkaloglu, A
author: Ji, Z
author: Xie, LX
author: Hinkes, B
author: Bakkaloglu, SA
author: Salviati, L
author: Reiser, J
author: Vlangos, CN
author: Mir, S
author: Airik, R
author: Topaloglu, R
author: Sloan, AJ
author: Rötig, A
author: Trevisson, E
author: Gbadegesin, R
author: Raphael, Y
author: Zenker, M
author: Clarke, CF
author: Ozaltin, F
author: Soliman, NA
author: Müller, D
author: Berdeli, A
author: Ashraf, S
author: Killen, PD
author: Mundel, P
author: Hurd, TW
author: Giorgi, G
author: Ovunc, B
db: Pubmed
title: COQ6 mutations in human patients produce nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafness
source: J Clin Invest 121:2013-24
year: 2011

UniProt:Q10434
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref609
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12855817
type: PublicationXref
id: 12855817
author: Sato, S
author: Takeda, K
author: Takeuchi, O
author: Sanjo, H
author: Sugiyama, M
author: Hoshino, K
author: Kaisho, T
author: Hemmi, H
author: Okabe, M
author: Yamamoto, M
db: Pubmed
title: Role of adaptor TRIF in the MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway
source: Science 301:640-3
year: 2003

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3391615
type: PublicationXref
id: 3391615
author: Robertson, D A
author: Baker, E G
author: Morris, C P
author: Hopwood, J J
author: Callen, D F
db: Pubmed
title: Chromosomal localization of the gene for human glucosamine-6-sulphatase to 12q14
source: Hum. Genet. 79:175-8
year: 1988

5'-ppp-AU-rich dsRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11107
xref: UnificationXref11106
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 1964477

poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic) acid
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11104
xref: UnificationXref11103
cellular location: GO_0005829
display name: poly(dA:dT)
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 3508918

Cdc13 (Cyclin B) protein
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11208
xref: UnificationXref11209
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 113624

ORC:origin complex
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11206
xref: UnificationXref11207
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 113634

oligopeptide fragment
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10996
xref: UnificationXref10995
cellular location: GO_0045335
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 1236721

K48-polyubiquitinated partially digested Ag
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10990
xref: UnificationXref10991
cellular location: GO_0005829
display name: K48polyUb-partially digested Ag
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 1236918

AT-rich regions of dsDNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
name: AT-rich double stranded DNA
xref: UnificationXref11105
cellular location: GO_0005829
display name: AT-rich dsDNA
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5605784
member physical entity: poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic) acid

Exogenous soluble antigen
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref11005
xref: UnificationXref11004
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 1236719

oligopeptide fragment
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10981
xref: UnificationXref10980
cellular location: GO_0005788
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 983034

precursor peptide fragment (>16 aa)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10968
xref: UnificationXref10967
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 983036

UniProt:Q10429
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref7259
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10428
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref941
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Toll Like Receptor TLR1:TLR2 Cascade
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 221542.2
evidence: Evidence1830
xref: UnificationXref11048
xref: UnificationXref11047
xref: RelationshipXref1413
pathway order: PathwayStep1801
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7641697
type: PublicationXref
id: 7641697
author: Nasmyth, K
author: Lengauer, C
author: Piatti, S
db: Pubmed
title: Cdc6 is an unstable protein whose de novo synthesis in G1 is important for the onset of S phase and for preventing a 'reductional' anaphase in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
source: EMBO J 14:3788-99
year: 1995

UniProt:Q10233
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8720
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref490
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003921
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10232
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref21
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref491
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599211
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599211

UniProt:Q10235
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9282
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref498
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600036
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600036

RelationshipXref499
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003876
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

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type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599439
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599439

RelationshipXref497
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004001
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

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type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0009168
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16533948
type: PublicationXref
id: 16533948
author: Seger, Rony
author: Shaul, Yoav D
db: Pubmed
title: ERK1c regulates Golgi fragmentation during mitosis
source: J. Cell Biol. 172:885-97
year: 2006

RelationshipXref495
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004000
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10231
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1986
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref492
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004019
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

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type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600294
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600294

UniProt:Q10245
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1681
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10243
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref5949
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11429702
type: PublicationXref
id: 11429702
author: Colombo, G
author: Dell'Era, P
author: Neri, A
author: Lombardi, L
author: Greco, A
author: Otsuki, T
author: Ronchetti, D
author: Compasso, S
db: Pubmed
title: Deregulated FGFR3 mutants in multiple myeloma cell lines with t(4;14): comparative analysis of Y373C, K650E and the novel G384D mutations
source: Oncogene 20:3553-62
year: 2001

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8833451
type: PublicationXref
id: 8833451
author: Greenberg, ME
author: Segal, RA
db: Pubmed
title: Intracellular signaling pathways activated by neurotrophic factors
source: Annu Rev Neurosci 19:463-89
year: 1996

RelationshipXref479
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599247
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599247

RelationshipXref478
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004642
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10254
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9596
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10251
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9028
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref472
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004044
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref473
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599258
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599258

RelationshipXref470
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601085
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601085

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3090932
type: PublicationXref
id: 3090932
author: Griffith, OW
db: Pubmed
title: Beta-amino acids: mammalian metabolism and utility as alpha-amino acid analogues
source: Annu Rev Biochem 55:855-878
year: 1986

UniProt:Q10252
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2986
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref471
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0022904
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref476
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004644
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref477
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599249
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599249

RelationshipXref474
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004637
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref475
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599251
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599251

RelationshipXref489
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599218
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599218

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23349863
type: PublicationXref
id: 23349863
author: Nguyen, Kevin
author: Raynes, Rachel
author: Mendez, Jamie E
author: Westerheide, Sandy D
author: Pombier, Kathleen M
author: Brunquell, Jessica
db: Pubmed
title: The SIRT1 modulators AROS and DBC1 regulate HSF1 activity and the heat shock response
source: PLoS ONE 8:e54364
year: 2013

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21622208
type: PublicationXref
id: 21622208
author: Wauman, Joris
author: Tavernier, Jan
db: Pubmed
title: Leptin receptor signaling: pathways to leptin resistance
source: Front. Biosci. 16:2771-93
year: 2011

UniProt:Q10267
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref10436
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10265
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref10487
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref480
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004641
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref481
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599241
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599241

RelationshipXref482
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004018
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref483
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599235
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599235

RelationshipXref484
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004643
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref485
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599228
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599228

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10970790
type: PublicationXref
id: 10970790
author: Chuang, LT
author: Bobik, EG
author: Das, T
author: Mukerji, P
author: Parker-Barnes, JM
author: Thurmond, JM
author: Leonard, AE
author: Dorado, J
author: Kroeger, PE
author: Huang, YS
db: Pubmed
title: Cloning of a human cDNA encoding a novel enzyme involved in the elongation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
source: Biochem J 350:765-70
year: 2000

RelationshipXref486
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003937
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref487
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599226
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599226

RelationshipXref488
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003938
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref458
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006099
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref459
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0051990
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref456
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004333
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref457
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598013
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598013

RelationshipXref455
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598031
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598031

RelationshipXref454
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008177
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref453
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598042
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598042

RelationshipXref452
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004775
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref451
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598063
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598063

RelationshipXref450
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0034602
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:Q10276
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2170
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1976634
type: PublicationXref
id: 1976634
author: Hurwitz, J
author: Lee, SH
author: Kwong, AD
db: Pubmed
title: The in vitro replication of DNA containing the SV40 origin.
source: J Biol Chem 265:18043-6
year: 1990

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7913309
type: PublicationXref
id: 7913309
author: Rokosz, LL
author: Cueto, MA
author: Butkiewicz, EA
author: Hermes, JD
author: Boulton, DA
author: Sanyal, G
author: Lachance, PA
db: Pubmed
title: Human cytoplasmic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase: expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant wild-type and Cys129 mutant enzymes
source: Arch Biochem Biophys 312:1-13
year: 1994

RelationshipXref467
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0009055
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref468
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601079
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601079

RelationshipXref469
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004174
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref464
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0044237
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref463
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006103
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref466
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006121
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref465
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600801
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600801

RelationshipXref460
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604348
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604348

UniProt:Q10286
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6308
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10283
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1820
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref462
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604342
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604342

RelationshipXref461
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0047988
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref436
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602729
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602729

RelationshipXref437
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004738
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref434
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597766
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597766

RelationshipXref435
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0050833
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref438
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5598151
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598151

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19244215
type: PublicationXref
id: 19244215
author: Buczynski, MW
author: Dumlao, DS
author: Dennis, EA
db: Pubmed
title: Thematic Review Series: Proteomics. An integrated omics analysis of eicosanoid biology
source: J Lipid Res 50:1015-38
year: 2009

RelationshipXref439
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004740
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref433
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004459
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12648452
type: PublicationXref
id: 12648452
author: Buttgereit, F
author: Qian, SB
author: Finzi, D
author: Princiotta, MF
author: Yewdell, JW
author: Gibbs, J
author: Bennink, JR
author: Schuchmann, S
db: Pubmed
title: Quantitating protein synthesis, degradation, and endogenous antigen processing
source: Immunity 18:343-54
year: 2003

RelationshipXref432
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0046209
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UniProt:Q10292
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref7556
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref431
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605282
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605282

RelationshipXref430
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004146
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17371050
type: PublicationXref
id: 17371050
author: Kondo, N
author: Fukao, T
author: Haapalainen, AM
author: Wierenga, RK
author: Meriläinen, G
author: Pirilä, PL
db: Pubmed
title: Crystallographic and kinetic studies of human mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase: the importance of potassium and chloride ions for its structure and function
source: Biochemistry 46:4305-21
year: 2007

RelationshipXref445
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003994
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref446
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597992
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597992

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9852097
type: PublicationXref
id: 9852097
author: Kerr, TA
author: Russell, DW
author: Li, WP
author: Sakai, J
author: Lund, EG
db: Pubmed
title: cDNA cloning of mouse and human cholesterol 25-hydroxylases, polytopic membrane proteins that synthesize a potent oxysterol regulator of lipid metabolism
source: J Biol Chem 273:34316-27
year: 1998

RelationshipXref447
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004449
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref448
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597985
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597985

RelationshipXref449
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604032
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604032

RelationshipXref440
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602313
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602313

RelationshipXref442
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006090
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref441
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0010510
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref444
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597999
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597999

RelationshipXref443
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004108
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11698644
type: PublicationXref
id: 11698644
author: Kabashima, T
author: Uyeda, K
author: Kawaguchi, T
author: Takenoshita, M
db: Pubmed
title: Glucose and cAMP regulate the L-type pyruvate kinase gene by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the carbohydrate response element binding protein
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:13710-5
year: 2001

Evidence122
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9357955
comment: Cytosolic transketolase catalyzes the reaction of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate to form D-erythrose 4-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate. The active transketolase enzyme is a homodimer with one molecule of thiamine pyrophosphate and magnesium bound to each monomer (Wang et al. 1997).

UnificationXref6090
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_219251
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_219251.2

Evidence123
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14988808
comment: The reversible interconversion of ribulose 5-phosphate and ribose 5-phosphate is catalyzed by cytosolic ribose 5-phosphate isomerase (Huck et al. 2004).

Evidence124
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14988808
comment: The reversible interconversion of ribose 5-phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate is catalyzed by cytosolic ribose 5-phosphate isomerase (Huck et al. 2004).

Evidence125
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5666113
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18987987
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3790084
comment: The pentose phosphate pathway is responsible for the generation of a substantial fraction of the cytoplasmic NADPH required for biosynthetic reactions, and for the generation of ribose 5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis. Although the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis are distinct, they involve three common intermediates, glucose 6-phosphate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and fructose 6-phosphate, so the two pathways are interconnected. The pentose phosphate pathway consists of eight reactions:1. Conversion glucose 6-phosphate to D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate, with the formation of NADPH; 2. Conversion of D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate to 6-phospho-D-gluconate; 3. Conversion of 6-phospho-D-gluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate, with the formation of NADPH; 4. Conversion of ribulose 5-phosphate to xylulose 5-phosphate; 5. Conversion of ribulose 5-phosphate to ribose 5-phosphate; 6. Rearrangement of ribose 5-phosphate and xylulose 5-phosphate to form sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; 7. Rearrangement of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to form erythrose 4-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate; and 8. Rearrangement of xylulose 5-phosphate and erythrose 4-phosphate to form glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate. The oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, reactions 1-3, generates NADPH and pentose 5-phosphate. The non-oxidative branch of the pathway, reactions 4-8, converts pentose 5-phosphate to other sugars. The overall pathway can operate to generate only NADPH (glucose 6-phosphate is converted to pentose 5-phosphates, which are directed to the synthesis of fructose 6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, which in turn are converted back to glucose 6-phosphate). The reactions of the non-oxidative branch can operate to generate net amounts of ribose 5-phosphate with no production of NADPH. Net flux through this network of reactions appears to depend on the metabolic state of the cell and…

Evidence126
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4328836
comment: Cytosolic phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 catalyzes the reaction of D-ribose 5-phosphate and dATP to form 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate and 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate. While phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 works well with either ATP or dATP as a substrate in vitro, the extent of the dATP reaction in vivo is unclear, as cellular dATP concentrations are normally very low (Fox and Kelley 1971).

Evidence127
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4328836
comment: Cytosolic phophoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase catalyzes the reaction of D-ribose 5-phosphate and ATP to form 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose and AMP. Three isoforms of the enzyme have been described. The first has been purified and characterized biochemically (Fox and Kelley 1971). The others are known only as inferred protein products of cloned genes; their catalytic properties have not been determined.

Evidence128
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2444588
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2168892
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4358634
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8702702
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14392173
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4328836
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8253776
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2537655
comment: 5-Phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP) is a key intermediate in both the de novo and salvage pathways of purine and pyrimidine synthesis. PRPP and the enzymatic activity responsible for its synthesis were first described by Kornberg et al. (1955). The enzyme, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1, has been purified from human erythrocytes and characterized biochemically. The purified enzyme readily forms multimers; its smallest active form appears to be a dimer and for simplicity it is annotated as a dimer here. It specifically catalyzes the transfer of pyrophosphate from ATP or dATP to D-ribose 5-phosphate, and has an absolute requirement for Mg++ and orthophosphate (Fox and Kelley 1971; Roth et al. 1974). The significance of the reaction with dATP in vivo is unclear, as the concentration of cytosolic dATP is normally much lower than that of ATP. The importance of this enzyme for purine synthesis in vivo has been established by demonstrating excess phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase activity, correlated with elevated enzyme levels or altered enzyme properties, in individuals whose rates of uric acid production are constitutively abnormally high (Becker and Kim 1987; Roessler et al. 1993). Molecular cloning studies have revealed the existence of two additional genes that encode phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase-like proteins, one widely expressed (phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 2) and one whose expression appears to be confined to the testis (phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1-like 1) (Taira et al. 1989; 1991). Neither of these proteins has been purified and characterized enzymatically, nor have variations in the abundance or sequence of either protein been associated with alterations in human nucleotide metabolism (Roessler et al. 1993; Becker et al. 1996), so their dimerization and ability to catalyze the synthesis of PRPP from D-ribose 5-phosphate are inferred here on the basis of their predicted amino acid sequence similarit…

Evidence129
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9668121
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9576487
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9771708
comment: In the first step of PAPS biosynthesis, ATP and sulfate react to form adenylyl sulfate (APS) and pyrophosphate (PPi), catalysed by the bifunctional enzymes PAPS synthases 1 and 2 (PAPSS1 and 2). PAPSS2 is essential for the sulfation of proteoglycans, a necessary post-translational modification. Defective PAPSS2 results in undersulfation of proteoglycans which causes spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia Pakistani type (SEMD-PA; MIM:612847), a bone disease characterized by epiphyseal dysplasia with mild metaphyseal abnormalities. Mutations resulting in SEMD-PA include S438*, T48R and R329* (Ahmad et al. 1998, ul Haque et al. 1998, Noordam et al. 2009).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7816143
type: PublicationXref
id: 7816143
author: Glover, JN
author: Harrison, SC
db: Pubmed
title: Crystal structure of the heterodimeric bZIP transcription factor c-Fos-c-Jun bound to DNA
source: Nature 373:257-61
year: 1995

Evidence120
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11283793
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8300619
comment: Cytosolic transaldolase (TALDO1) catalyzes the reversible reaction of D-erythrose 4-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate to form D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate. Protein expressed from the cloned gene has been characterized biochemically (Banki et al. 1994) and transaldolase deficiency in a patient has been correlated with a mutation in the TALDO1 gene (Verhoeven et al. 2001).

Evidence121
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9357955
comment: Cytosolic transketolase catalyzes the reaction of D-erythrose 4-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate to form D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate. The active transketolase enzyme is a homodimer with one molecule of thiamine pyrophosphate and magnesium bound to each monomer (Wang et al. 1997).

UnificationXref6088
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_221017
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_221017.2

UnificationXref6089
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607616
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607616

UnificationXref6086
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_223170
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_223170.2

UnificationXref6087
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607615
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607615

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17656326
type: PublicationXref
id: 17656326
author: Ardehali, H
author: Burke, MA
db: Pubmed
title: Mitochondrial ATP-binding cassette proteins
source: Transl Res 150:73-80
year: 2007

UnificationXref6084
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_240053
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_240053.1

UnificationXref6085
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602654
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602654

UnificationXref6082
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_239451
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_239451.1

UnificationXref6083
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607586
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607586

UnificationXref6080
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_34180
db: Reactome
id version: 5
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_34180.5

UnificationXref6081
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607585
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607585

Evidence135
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15647514
comment: Lysosomal degradation of glycoproteins is part of the cellular homeostasis of glycosylation (Winchester 2005). The steps outlined below describe the degradation of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Complete degradation of glycoproteins is required to avoid build up of glycosaminoglycan fragments which can cause lysosomal storage diseases. Complete degradation steps are not shown as they are repetitions of the main ones described here. The proteolysis of the core protein of the glycoprotein is not shown here.

Evidence136
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12512856
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12213784
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17239764
comment: Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG). CS chains are unbranched polysaccharides of varying length containing two alternating monosaccharides: D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc). The chains are usually attached to proteins forming a proteoglycan. CS is an important structural component of cartilage due to it's ability to withstand compression. It is also a widely used dietary supplement for osteoarthritis. When some of the GlcA residues are epimerized into L-iduronic acid (IdoA) the resulting disaccharide is then referred to as dermatan sulfate (DS) (Silbert & Sugumaran 2002). DS is the most predominant GAG in skin but is also found in blood vessels, heart valves, tendons, and the lungs. It may play roles in cardiovascular disease, tumorigenesis, infection, wound repair and fibrosis (Trowbridge & Gallo 2002).

Evidence133
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9521684
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/738706
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7628016
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12888274
comment: Arylsulfatase B (ARSB) hydrolyses sulfate from N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate units within dermatan sulfate (DS; Gorham & Cantz 1978). The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (formylglycine, FGly) of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity, based on similarity to the prototypical arylsulfatase ARSA (Chruszcz et al. 2003, Lukatela et al. 1998). Defects in ARSB are the cause of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPSVI) (MIM:253200, also called Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (Wicker et al. 1991). ARSB activity is defective in multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) (MIM:272200) (Schmidt et al. 1995).

Evidence134
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9521684
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/738706
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7628016
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12888274
comment: Arylsulfatase B (ARSB) hydrolyses sulfate from N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate (or 6-sulfate) units (GalNAc 4-sulfate or GalNAc 6-sulfate) within chondroitin sulfate (Gorham & Cantz 1978). The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (formylglycine, FGly) of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity, based on similarity to the prototypical arylsulfatase ARSA (Chruszcz et al. 2003, Lukatela et al. 1998). Defects in ARSB are the cause of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPSVI) (MIM:253200, also called Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (Wicker et al. 1991). ARSB activity is defective in multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) (MIM:272200) (Schmidt et al. 1995).

Evidence139
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15790568
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11118617
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8407970
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1333955
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15579586
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8454637
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8530101
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1644792
comment: At the plasma membrane, a group of phospholipase C (PLC(bz)) proteins hydrolyse phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) to inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). This group of phospholipase C proteins lack a PH domain and so are is cytosolic. Their C2 domains bind to PI(4,5)P2 at the membrane. The PLC-beta proteins are thought to be responsible for the majority of PI(4,5)P2 hydrolysis. The phospholipase C isoforms involved and their corresponding literature references are: phosphoinositide phospholipase C beta-1 (PLCB1) (Caricasole et al. 2000, Jhon et al. 1993, Park et al. 1992); beta-2 (PLCB2) (Jhon et al. 1993, Park et al. 1992); beta-3 (PLCB3) (Carozzi et al. 1992, Jhon et al. 1993); beta-4 (PLCB4) (Alvarez et al. 1995, Lee et al. 1993); and zeta-1 (PLCZ1) (Kouchi et al. 2005, Rogers et al. 2004).

Evidence137
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/820626
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18201392
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20301236
comment: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long, unbranched polysaccharides containing a repeating disaccharide unit composed of a hexosamine (either N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) or N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)) and a uronic acid (glucuronate or iduronate). They can be heavily sulfated. GAGs are located primarily in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and on cell membranes, acting as a lubricating fluid for joints and as part of signalling processes. They have structural roles in connective tissue, cartilage, bone and blood vessels (Esko et al. 2009). GAGs are degraded in the lysosome as part of their natural turnover. Defects in the lysosomal enzymes responsible for the metabolism of membrane-associated GAGs lead to lysosomal storage diseases called mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS). MPSs are characterised by the accumulation of GAGs in lysosomes resulting in chronic, progressively debilitating disorders that in many instances lead to severe psychomotor retardation and premature death (Cantz & Gehler 1976, Clarke 2008). The biosynthesis and breakdown of the main GAGs (hyaluronate, keratan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate) is described here.

Evidence138
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: These pathways together are responsible for: 1) the extraction of energy and carbon skeletons for biosyntheses from dietary sugars and related molecules; 2) the short-term storage of glucose in the body (as glycogen) and its mobilization during a short fast; and 3) the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate during extended fasts.

Evidence131
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16492677
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8619989
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12716889
comment: The human gene SLC35B2 encodes the adenosine 3'-phospho 5'-phosphosulfate transporter 1 (PAPST1) (Ozeran et al. 1996, Kamiyama et al. 2003). In human tissues, PAPST1 is highly expressed in the placenta and pancreas and present at lower levels in the colon and heart. The human gene SLC35B3 encodes a human PAPS transporter gene that is closely related to PAPST1. Called PAPST2, it is predominantly expressed in the colon (Kamiyama et al. 2006).

Evidence132
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9668121
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9576487
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9771708
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13575436
comment: PAPS (3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate), which functions as a sulfate donor in the cell, is synthesized from sulfate and two molecules of ATP in a two-step process (Robbins & Lipmann 1958) catalyzed in vertebrates by a bifunctional enzyme (Venkatachalam et al. 1998). PAPS synthesis takes place in the cytosol, and it is either consumed there in the sulfonation of a variety of hormones and xenobiotics, or it is transported to the Golgi apparatus and consumed in the synthesis of proteoglycans like chondroitin sulfate. Two isoforms of the human bifunctional enzyme are known, mutations in one of which are associated with defects in proteoglycan biosynthesis (Girard et al. 1998, ul Haque et al. 1998).

Evidence130
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9668121
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9576487
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9771708
comment: In the second step of PAPS biosynthesis, adenylyl sulfate (APS) is phosphorylated to 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate (PAPS), catalysed by the bifunctional enzymes PAPS synthases 1 and 2 (PAPSS1 and 2). PAPSS2 is essential for the sulfation of proteoglycans, a necessary post-translational modification. Defective PAPSS2 results in undersulfation of proteoglycans which causes spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia Pakistani type (SEMD-PA; MIM:612847), a bone disease characterized by epiphyseal dysplasia with mild metaphyseal abnormalities. Mutations resulting in SEMD-PA include S438*, T48R and R329* (Ahmad et al. 1998, ul Haque et al. 1998, Noordam et al. 2009).

UnificationXref6077
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602123
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602123

UnificationXref6078
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225795
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225795.2

UnificationXref6079
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602142
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602142

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20154325
type: PublicationXref
id: 20154325
author: Beese, Lorena S
author: Tsai, Miaw-Sheue
author: Genschel, Jochen
author: Modrich, Paul
author: Iyer, Ravi R
author: Pluciennik, Anna
db: Pubmed
title: MutLalpha and proliferating cell nuclear antigen share binding sites on MutSbeta
source: J. Biol. Chem. 285:11730-9
year: 2010

UnificationXref6073
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602118
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602118

UnificationXref6074
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_100037
db: Reactome
id version: 4
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_100037.4

UnificationXref6075
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602121
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602121

UnificationXref6076
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602122
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602122

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11719186
type: PublicationXref
id: 11719186
author: Gherzi, R
author: Chan, EL
author: Pruijn, GJ
author: Stoecklin, G
author: Moroni, C
author: Karin, M
author: Mann, M
author: Raijmakers, R
author: Ong, SE
author: Chen, CY
db: Pubmed
title: AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs
source: Cell 107:451-64
year: 2001

UnificationXref6070
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602138
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602138

UnificationXref6071
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_231007
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_231007.1

UnificationXref6072
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602116
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602116

Evidence104
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8631325
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5348606
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5427280
comment: Cytosolic UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2 (UGP2) catalyzes the reaction of UTP and glucose 1-phosphate to form UDP glucose and pyrophosphate (Knop and Hansen 1970; Duggleby et al. 1996). UGP2 is inferred to occur in the cell as a homooctamer from studies of its bovine homologue (Levine et al. 1969).

Evidence105
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18651836
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9806880
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22248338
comment: Glycogen, a highly branched glucose polymer, is formed and broken down in most human tissues, but is most abundant in liver and muscle, where it serves as a major stored fuel. Glycogen metabolism has been studied in most detail in muscle, although considerable experimental data are available concerning these reactions in liver as well. Glycogen metabolism in other tissues has not been studied as extensively, and is thought to resemble the muscle process. Glycogen synthesis involves five reactions. The first two, conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate and synthesis of UDP-glucose from glucose 1-phosphate and UTP, are shared with several other pathways. The next three reactions, the auto-catalyzed synthesis of a glucose oligomer on glycogenin, the linear extension of the glucose oligomer catalyzed by glycogen synthase, and the formation of branches catalyzed by glycogen branching enzyme, are unique to glycogen synthesis. Repetition of the last two reactions generates large, extensively branched glycogen polymers. The catalysis of glycogenin glucosylation and oligoglucose chain extension by distinct isozymes in liver and nonhepatic tissues allows them to be regulated independently (Agius 2008; Bollen et al. 1998; Roach et al. 2012).

Evidence106
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7902568
comment: Cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (PGM) catalyzes the reversible conversion of glucose 1-phosphate to glucose 6-phosphate. Two PGM isoenzymes, both monomers, have been identified. PGM1 is the major form found in most tissues except erythrocytes, where PGM2 is abundant (March et al. 1993; Parrington et al. 1968; Putt et al. 1993). PGM2 also has substantial phosphopentomutase activity and its primary physiological in normal tissues in vivo is not clear.

Evidence107
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/183599
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4320262
comment: Cytosolic glycogen breakdown occurs via the same chemical steps in all tissues but is separately regulated via tissue specific isozymes and signaling pathways that enable distinct physiological fates for liver glycogen and that in other tissues. Glycogen phosphorylase, which can be activated by phosphorylase kinase, catalyzes the removal of glucose residues as glucose 1-phosphate from the ends of glycogen branches. The final four residues of each branch are removed in two steps catalyzed by debranching enzyme, and further glycogen phosphorylase activity completes the process of glycogen breakdown. The figure shows the actions of phosphorylase and debranching enzyme. The first glucose residue in each branch is released as free glucose; all other residues are released as glucose 1-phosphate. The latter molecule can be converted to glucose 6-phosphate in a step shared with other pathways (Villar-Palasi and Larner 1970; Hers 1976). Glycogen can also be taken up into lysosomes, where it is normally broken done by the action of a single enzyme, lysosomal alpha-glucosidase (GAA).

Evidence100
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7574501
comment: The fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase activity of cytosolic phosphofructokinase 2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 2,6 bisphosphate to form fructose 6-phosphate. Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate is a key allosteric regulator of PFK1. In its absence the activity of PFK1 is reduced while fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase is activated, thus inhibiting glycolysis and favoring gluconeogenesis (Pilkis et al. 1995).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15068804
type: PublicationXref
id: 15068804
author: Lima, CD
author: Kiledjian, M
author: Fabrega, C
author: Liu, SW
author: Gu, M
author: Liu, H
db: Pubmed
title: Insights into the structure, mechanism, and regulation of scavenger mRNA decapping activity
source: Mol Cell 14:67-80
year: 2004

Evidence101
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13538944
xref: PublicationXref174
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7989588
comment: The reversible isomerization of fructose-6-phosphate to form glucose-6-phosphate is catalyzed by cytosolic phosphoglucose isomerase (Noltman 1972; Xu and Beutler 1994; Tsuboi et al. 1958).

Evidence102
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8379904
comment: The reactions of gluconeogenesis convert mitochondrial pyruvate to cytosolic glucose 6-phosphate which in turn can be hydrolyzed to glucose and exported from the cell. Gluconeogenesis is confined to cells of the liver and kidney and enables glucose synthesis from molecules such as lactate and alanine and other amino acids when exogenous glucose is not available (reviewed, e.g., by Gerich 1993). The process of gluconeogenesis as diagrammed below occurs in two parts: a network of reactions converts mitochondrial pyruvate to cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate; then phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to glucose 6-phosphate in a single sequence of cytosolic reactions. Three variants of the first part of the process are physiologically important. 1) A series of transport and transamination reactions convert mitochondrial oxaloacetate to cytosolic oxaloacetate which is converted to phosphoenolpyruvate by a hormonally regulated, cytosolic isoform of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. This variant allows regulated glucose synthesis from lactate. 2) Mitochondrial oxaloacetate is reduced to malate, which is exported to the cytosol and re-oxidized to oxaloacetate. This variant provides reducing equivalents to the cytosol, needed for glucose synthesis from amino acids such as alanine and glutamine. 3) Constitutively expressed mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase catalyzes the conversion of mitochondrial oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate which is then transported to the cytosol. The exact path followed by any one molecule of pyruvate through this reaction network is determined by the tissue in which the reactions are occurring, the source of the pyruvate, and the physiological stress that triggered gluconeogenesis. In all cases, the synthesis of glucose from two molecules of pyruvate requires the generation and consumption of two reducing equivalents as cytosolic NADH + H+. For pyruvate derived from lactate (variants 1 and 3), NADH + H+ is generated with the oxidation of la…

Evidence103
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1840235
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8257433
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17804405
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7902568
comment: Cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (PGM) catalyzes the reversible conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to glucose 1-phosphate (Drago et al. 1991). Two PGM isoenzymes, both monomers, have been identified. PGM1 is the major form found in most tissues except erythrocytes, where PGM2 is abundant (March et al. 1993; Parrington et al. 1968; Putt et al. 1993). PGM2 also has substantial phosphopentomutase activity and its primary physiological in normal tissues in vivo is not clear.

UnificationXref8209
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600264
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600264

UnificationXref8208
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600263
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600263

UnificationXref8204
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600261
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600261

UnificationXref8205
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P6L6
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8206
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600257
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600257

UnificationXref8207
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600262
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600262

UnificationXref8200
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_220470
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_220470.2

UnificationXref8201
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607390
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607390

UnificationXref8202
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_260077
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_260077.1

UnificationXref8203
type: UnificationXref
id: Q0E7J8
db: UniProt

Evidence109
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1897530
comment: Cytosolic galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) catalyzes the reaction of alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate and UDP glucose to form D-glucose 1-phosphate and UDP galactose (Reichardt et al. 1991).

Evidence108
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Glucose is the major form in which dietary sugars are made available to cells of the human body. Its breakdown is a major source of energy for all cells, and is essential for the brain and red blood cells. Glucose utilization begins with its uptake by cells and conversion to glucose 6-phosphate, which cannot traverse the cell membrane. Fates open to cytosolic glucose 6-phosphate include glycolysis to yield pyruvate, glycogen synthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. In some tissues, notably the liver and kidney, glucose 6-phosphate can be synthesized from pyruvate by the pathway of gluconeogenesis.

Evidence117
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9357955
comment: Cytosolic transketolase catalyzes the reversible reaction of D-xylulose 5-phosphate and D-ribose 5-phosphate to form D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate. The active transketolase enzyme is a homodimer with one molecule of thiamine pyrophosphate and magnesium bound to each monomer (Wang et al. 1997).

Evidence118
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9357955
comment: Cytosolic transketolase catalyzes the reversible reaction of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate to form D-xylulose 5-phosphate and D-ribose 5-phosphate. The active transketolase enzyme is a homodimer with one molecule of thiamine pyrophosphate and magnesium bound to each monomer (Wang et al. 1997).

Evidence115
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7396409
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2581946
comment: Cytosolic ribulose-5-phosphate-3-epimerase (RPE) catalyzes the reversible interconversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate (Bose and 1985). The electrophoretic properties of RPE activity detected in extracts of mouse-human somatic cell hybrids suggest that the active form of the enzyme is a homodimer (Spencer and Hopkinson 1980).

Evidence116
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7396409
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2581946
comment: Cytosolic ribulose-5-phosphate-3-epimerase (RPE) catalyzes the reversible interconversion of D-xylulose 5-phosphate and D-ribulose 5-phosphate (Bose and 1985). The electrophoretic properties of RPE activity detected in extracts of mouse-human somatic cell hybrids suggest that the active form of the enzyme is a homodimer (Spencer and Hopkinson 1980).

Evidence113
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10518023
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3932573
comment: Cytosolic 6-phosphogluconolactonase (PGLS) catalyzes the hydrolysis of D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate to form 6-phospho-D-gluconate (Beutler and Kuhl 1985; Collard et al. 1999).

Evidence114
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9920387
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3994686
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3932573
comment: Cytosolic phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) catalyzes the reaction of 6-phospho-D-gluconate and NADP+ to form D-ribulose 5-phosphate, CO2, and NADPH + H+ (Beutler and Kuhl 1985; Rippa et al. 1998). The PGD enzyme is dimeric (Dallocchio et al. 1985).

Evidence111
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11261429
xref: PublicationXref249
comment: The main sources of galactose in the human diet are milk and milk products. The disaccharide lactose from these sources is hydrolyzed in the intestine to its constituent monosaccharides, glucose and galactose. Galactose is metabolized primarily in the liver in a sequence of three reactions that yield one molecule of glucose 1-phosphate per molecule of galactose. First, it is phosphorylated to yield galactose 1-phosphate. Then, galactose 1-phosphate and UDP-glucose react to form UDP-galactose and glucose 1-phosphate, and UDP-galactose undergoes epimerization to form UDP-glucose. In a reaction shared with other pathways, glucose 1-phosphate can be converted into glucose 6-phosphate (Holton et al. 2001; Elsas and Lai 2001).

Evidence112
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10745013
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/5666113
comment: Cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyzes the reaction of glucose 6-phosphate and NADP+ to form D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate and , and NADPH + H+. Biochemical studies indicate that both G6PD dimers and tetramers are catalytically active and capable or forming under physiological conditions in vivo (Au et al. 2000). Mutations that reduce the catalytic efficientcy of G6PD are remarkably common in human populations; these appear to have a protective effect against malaria (e.g., Luzzatto and Afolayan 1968).

Evidence110
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15175331
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10801319
comment: Cytosolic UDP-galactose 4-epimerase catalyzes the interconversion of UDP-D-galactose and UDPglucose (Schulz et al. 2004). The active form of the enzyme is a homodimer with one molecule of bound NAD per monomer (Thoden et al. 2000).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11274057
type: PublicationXref
id: 11274057
author: Jiricny, J
author: Kleczkowska, H E
author: Lettieri, T
author: Marra, G
db: Pubmed
title: hMSH3 and hMSH6 interact with PCNA and colocalize with it to replication foci
source: Genes Dev. 15:724-36
year: 2001

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11470505
type: PublicationXref
id: 11470505
author: Langin, D
author: Reue, K
author: Xia, YR
author: Holm, C
author: Karlsson, M
author: Tornqvist, H
author: Lusis, AJ
db: Pubmed
title: Exon-intron organization and chromosomal localization of the mouse monoglyceride lipase gene
source: Gene 272:11-8
year: 2001

UnificationXref6099
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_27417
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_27417.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9207791
type: PublicationXref
id: 9207791
author: Bergsagel, PL
author: Nardini, E
author: Ried, T
author: Schröck, E
author: Brents, LA
author: Kuehl, WM
author: Chesi, M
db: Pubmed
title: Frequent translocation t(4;14)(p16.3;q32.3) in multiple myeloma is associated with increased expression and activating mutations of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3
source: Nat Genet 16:260-4
year: 1997

UnificationXref6091
type: UnificationXref
id: O94663
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6092
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604497
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604497

UnificationXref6093
type: UnificationXref
id: O43038
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6094
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604505
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604505

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12807903
type: PublicationXref
id: 12807903
author: Nagai, M
author: Sudol, M
author: Navin, NE
author: Komuro, A
db: Pubmed
title: WW domain-containing protein YAP associates with ErbB-4 and acts as a co-transcriptional activator for the carboxyl-terminal fragment of ErbB-4 that translocates to the nucleus
source: J Biol Chem 278:33334-41
year: 2003

UnificationXref6095
type: UnificationXref
id: O74967
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6096
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604501
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604501

UnificationXref6097
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604506
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604506

Evidence119
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11283793
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8300619
comment: Cytosolic transaldolase (TALDO1) catalyzes the reversible reaction of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate to form D-erythrose 4-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate. Protein expressed from the cloned gene has been characterized biochemically (Banki et al. 1994) and transaldolase deficiency in a patient has been correlated with a mutation in the TALDO1 gene (Verhoeven et al. 2001).

UnificationXref6098
type: UnificationXref
id: 917716
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=917716

Evidence161
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17702752
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10777568
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12121577
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11331907
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16781889
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17943301
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11909533
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20359876
comment: Inositol phosphates such as IP4, IP5 and IP6 are converted to an even wider variety of IPs including the di- and triphospho inositol phosphates, also known as pyrophosphates (Irvine & Schell 2001, Alcazar-Romain & Wente 2008, York 2006, Monserrate and York 2010, Ho et al. 2002, Saiardi et al. 2001, Draskovic et al. 2008, Choi et al. 2007, Caffrey et al. 2000, Leslie et al. 2002).

Evidence160
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17412958
comment: Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 3 (IP6K3) phosphorylate 1-diphospho-2,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (1-PP-IP5) to form inositol 1,5-bisdiphospho-2,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate (1,5-(PP)2-IP4) (Saiardi et al. 2001, Mulugu et al. 2007).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22991412
type: PublicationXref
id: 22991412
author: Dunmore, Simon J
author: Brown, James E P
db: Pubmed
title: The role of adipokines in beta-cell failure of type 2 diabetes
source: J. Endocrinol. 216:T37-45
year: 2013

Evidence163
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8006039
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7721860
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1718960
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15474001
comment: Type I inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase (INPP5A) and the Type II phosphatase (INPP5B) are isoprenylated to the plasma membrane and act as a lipid anchor. Here they dephosphorylate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P3) to inositol 1,4-bisphosphate I(1,4)P2. ). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: INPP5A (Laxminarayan et al. 1994); INPP5B (Jefferson & Majerus 1995, Ross et al. 1991, Schmid et al. 2004).

Evidence162
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9430698
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10593988
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7761412
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15474001
comment: A group of inositol phosphatases dephosphorylate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P3) to inositol 1,4-bisphosphate (I(1,4)P2). The group of inositol phosphatases involved are: inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase OCRL-1 (OCRL), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A (INPP5J), and synaptic inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SYNJ1). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: OCRL (Zhang et al. 1995, Zhang et al. 1998, Schmid et al. 2004); INPP5J (Mochizuki & Thompson 1999); SYNJ1 (Schmid et al. 2004).

Evidence165
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11331907
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20414202
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16781889
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17943301
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20359876
comment: Inositol phosphates (IPs) are molecules involves in signalling processes in eukaryotes. myo-Inositol consists of a six-carbon cyclic alcohol with an axial 2-hydroxy and five equatorial hydroxyls. Mono-, di-, and triphosphorylation of the inositol ring generates a wide variety of stereochemically distinct signalling entities. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P3), is formed when the phosphoinositide phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) is hydrolysed by a phospholipase C isozyme. An array of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and tetrakisphosphate (IP4) molecules are synthesised by the action of various kinases and phosphatases in the cytosol. These species then transport between the cytosol and the nucleus where they are acted on by inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK), inositol-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase (IPPK), inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 2 (IP6K2), to produce IP5, IP6, IP7, and IP8 molecules. Some of these nuclear produced IPs transport back to the cytosol where they are converted to an even wider variety of IPs, by kinases and phosphatases, including the di- and triphospho inositol phosphates aka pyrophosphates (Irvine & Schell 2001, Bunney & Katan 2010, Alcazar-Romain & Wente 2008, York 2006, Monserrate and York 2010).

Evidence164
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15024000
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17068342
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11331907
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20414202
comment: Inositol phosphates IP2, IP and the six-carbon cyclic alcohol inositol (Ins) are produced by various phosphatases and the inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1 (ISYNA1) (Ju et al. 2004, Ohnishi et al. 2007, Irvine & Schell 2001, Bunney & Katan 2010).

Evidence167
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10940339
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12364542
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15337753
comment: Triacylglycerol is a major energy store in the body and its hydrolysis to yield fatty acids and glycerol is a tightly regulated part of energy metabolism. A central part in this regulation is played by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), a neutral lipase abundant in adipocytes and skeletal and cardiac muscle, but also abundant in ovarian and adrenal tissue, where it mediates cholesterol ester hydrolysis, yielding cholesterol for steroid biosynthesis. The hormones to which it is sensitive include catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), ACTH, and glucagon, all of which trigger signaling cascades that lead to its phosphorylation and activation, and insulin, which sets off events leading to its dephosphorylation and inactivation (Holm et al. 2000; Kraemer and Shen 2002). The processes of triacylglycerol and cholesterol ester hydrolysis are also regulated by subcellular compartmentalization: these lipids are packaged in cytosolic particles and the enzymes responsible for their hydrolysis, and perhaps for additional steps in their metabolism, are organized at the surfaces of these particles (e.g., Brasaemle et al. 2004). This organization is dynamic: the inactive form of HSL is not associated with the particles, but is translocated there after being phosphorylated. Conversely, perilipin, a major constituent of the particle surface, appears to block access of enzymes to the lipids within the particle; its phosphorylation allows greater access. Here, HSL-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis is described as a pathway containing twelve reactions. The first six of these involve activation: phosphorylation of HSL, dimerization of HSL, disruption of CGI-58:perilipin complexes at the surfaces of cytosolic lipid particles, phosphorylation of perilipin, association of phosphorylated HSL with FABP, and translocation of HSL from the cytosol to the surfaces of lipid particles. The next four reactions are the hydrolysis reactions themselves: the hydrolysis of cholesterol esters, and the success…

Evidence166
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1249056
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3955067
comment: Rat monoacylglycerol lipase (MGLL) catalyzes the hydrolysis of 2-acylglycerol to yield glycerol + fatty acid (Tornqvist and Belfrage 1976; Fredrikson et al. 1986). Localization of the enzyme to lipid particles is plausible, given its low solubility and its involvement in acylglycerol metabolism, but this localization has not been directly experimentally verified. The human reaction is inferred from the well-studied rat one.

Evidence169
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: SLC25A1, in the inner mitochondrial membrane, mediates the exchange of mitochondrial citrate for cytosolic malate.

Evidence168
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Processes annotated here include the digestion of dietary lipids, sterol uptake, the formation and turnover of lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL), and the mobilization of fatty acids through the action of hormone-sensitive lipase.

UnificationXref6043
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9UUF7
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6042
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602078
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602078

UnificationXref6041
type: UnificationXref
id: O74891
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6040
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_210719
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_210719.2

UniProt:O14343
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref636
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:O59751
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref638
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6049
type: UnificationXref
id: Q96WV5
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6048
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602066
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602066

UnificationXref6047
type: UnificationXref
id: O74496
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6046
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602074
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602074

UnificationXref6045
type: UnificationXref
id: P87140
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6044
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602058
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602058

Evidence172
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17379924
comment: Membrane-associated acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3 (ACSL3) catalyzes the reaction of palmitate, CoASH, and ATP to form palmitoyl-CoA, AMP, pyrophosphate, and water. The enzyme is probably associated specifically with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, and can also associate with lipid droplets. It is active on oleic acid as well as on palmitic acid (Fujimoto ea 2007).

Evidence171
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18455495
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7732023
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16854592
comment: Cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA) catalyzes the reaction of bicarbonate, ATP, and acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA, ADP, and orthophosphate. The reaction is positively regulated by citrate. The human ACACA cDNA has been cloned (Abu-Elheiga et al. 1995) and the biochemical properties of the human enzyme have recently been described (Cheng et al. 2007; Locke et al. 2008). Four ACACA isoforms generated by alternative splicing have been identified as mRNAs - the protein product of the first has been characterized experimentally.

Evidence170
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1371749
comment: While fatty acid synthesis from acetyl CoA proceeds in the cytosol, most acetyl CoA in the cell is generated within the mitochondria, by oxidative decarboxylation of the pyruvate derived from glycolysis, as well as from a number of reactions of amino acid catabolism. Mitochondrial Acetyl-CoA is transported to cytoplasm as citrate to participate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Mitochondrial citrate synthase, a tricarboxylic acid transporter in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and cytosolic citrate lyase are involved in this transport.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17698633
type: PublicationXref
id: 17698633
author: Chase, A
author: Grand, FH
author: Cross, NC
db: Pubmed
title: Activity of TKI258 against primary cells and cell lines with FGFR1 fusion genes associated with the 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome
source: Blood 110:3729-34
year: 2007

Evidence176
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16036915
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18728184
comment: Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 4 (ELOVL4) catalyzes the reaction of lignoceroyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA to form 3-oxocerotoyl-CoA, CO2, and CoASH. ELOVL4 is abundant in retinal cells, where it is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane (Grayson and Molday 2005). The catalytic activity of ELOVL4 has not been examined directly but is inferred from that of the homologous mouse protein, which is also active on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (Agbada et al. 2008).

Evidence175
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17583696
comment: Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 2 (ELOVL2) catalyzes the reaction of palmitoyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA to form 3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA (3-oxostearoyl-CoA), CO2, and CoASH. Indirect data from studies of transfected cells expressing ELOVL2 are consistent with its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum and activity on palmitoyl-CoA. It may also catalyze the condensation of arachidonyl-CoA with malonyl-CoA (Kobayashi et al. 2007).

Evidence174
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16564093
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19505953
comment: Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 1 (ELOVL1) catalyzes the reaction of palmitoyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA to form 3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA (3-oxostearoyl-CoA), CO2, and CoASH. Limited data are available for human ELOVL1 protein. Its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and catalytic activity are inferred from the properties of better-studied human ELOVL proteins (Jakobsson et al. 2006; Shimamura et al. 2009).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21114891
type: PublicationXref
id: 21114891
author: Froese, D Sean
author: Gravel, RA
db: Pubmed
title: Genetic disorders of vitamin B12 metabolism: eight complementation groups--eight genes
source: Expert Rev Mol Med 12:e37
year: 2010

Evidence173
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11889465
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12525535
comment: Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane catalyzes the reaction of arachidonate, CoASH, and ATP to form arachidonyl-CoA, AMP, pyrophosphate, and water (Longo et al. 2003; Meloni et al. 2003).

Evidence179
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12482854
comment: Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 12 (HSD17B12) catalyzes the reaction of 3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA (3-oxostearoyl-CoA) and NADPH + H+ to form 3-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA and NADP+. This activity of HSD17B12 protein and its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane was established in studies of transfected cells expressing the protein (Moon and Horton 2003).

Evidence178
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19826053
comment: Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 7 (ELOVL7) catalyzes the reaction of arachidoyl-CoA (C20:0) and malonyl-CoA to form 3-oxobehenoyl-CoA, CO2, and CoASH. ELOVL7 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum in transfected cells expressing the cloned cDNA (Tamura et al. 2009).

Evidence177
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10970790
comment: Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 5 (ELOVL5) catalyzes the reaction of arachidonyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA to form 3-oxo-(7,10,13,16)-docosatetraenoyl-CoA, CO2, and CoASH. Localization of ELOVL5 to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane is inferred from that of other human ELOVL proteins; its catalytic activity has been studied in ELO- yeast cells expressing human ELOVL5 protein (Leonard et al. 2000).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10833429
type: PublicationXref
id: 10833429
author: Petrov, P
author: Mirault, M E
author: Renard, P
author: Remacle, J
author: Carrier, C
author: Legault, J
db: Pubmed
title: Mitochondrial GPx1 decreases induced but not basal oxidative damage to mtDNA in T47D cells
source: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 272:416-22
year: 2000

UnificationXref6030
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_258468
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_258468.1

UnificationXref6032
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_259331
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_259331.1

UnificationXref6031
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607596
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607596

UnificationXref6038
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602086
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602086

UnificationXref6037
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7R8
db: UniProt

L1CAM interactions
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 224814.2
evidence: Evidence1775
xref: UnificationXref10856
xref: UnificationXref10855
pathway order: PathwayStep1750
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6039
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602088
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602088

UnificationXref6034
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_238369
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_238369.1

UnificationXref6033
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607597
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607597

UnificationXref6036
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602050
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602050

UnificationXref6035
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602082
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602082

Evidence141
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15316017
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9430698
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12223481
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11909533
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10593988
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7761412
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15474001
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8769125
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8723348
comment: A group of inositol phosphatases and the broad specificity enzyme inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase (ITPK1) dephosphorylate inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5)P4) to inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate (I(1,3,4)P3). The group of inositol phosphatases involved are: inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase OCRL-1 (OCRL), phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (INPP5D) aka SHIP1, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 2 (INPPL1) aka SHIP2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A (INPP5J) aka PIPP, and synaptic inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SYNJ1). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: OCRL (Chang et al. 2002, Zhang et al. 1995, Zhang et al. 1998, Schmid et al. 2004); INPP5D (Drayer et al. 1996, Kavanaugh et al. 1996); INPPL1 (Chi et al. 2004); INPP5J (Mochizuki & Thompson 1999); SYNJ1 (Schmid et al. 2004); ITPK1 (Ho et al. 2002).

Evidence140
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2550068
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16107206
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7890667
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9360711
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2841328
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15702972
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11022047
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11022048
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19179337
comment: A group of phospholipase C proteins (PLC(degh)) bind to the plasma membrane via their PH domains. These phospholipases hydrolyse phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) to inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). The C2 domains of the enzymes bind to PI(4,5)P2 at the membrane. The phospholipase C isoforms involved and their corresponding literature references are: phosphoinositide phospholipase C delta-1(PLCD1) (Cheng et al. 1995); epsilon-1 (PLCE1) (Song et al. 2001, Lopez et al. 2001); delta-3 (PLCD3) (Pawelczyk & Matecki 1997); gamma-1 (PLCG1) (Harita et al. 2009, Baldassare et al. 1989); gamma-2 (PLCG2) (Banno et al. 1988); eta-1 (PLCH1) (Hwang et al. 2005); and eta-2 (PLCH2) (Zhou et al 2005).

Evidence143
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11331907
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20414202
comment: An array of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and tetrakisphosphate (IP4) molecules are synthesised by the action of various kinases and phosphatases in the cytosol (Irvine & Schell 2001, Bunney & Katan 2010).

Evidence142
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7721860
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1718960
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15474001
comment: Type II inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase (INPP5B) is attached to the plasma membrane where it dephosphorylates inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5)P4) to inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate (I(1,3,4)P3 (Jefferson & Majerus 1995, Ross et al. 1991, Schmid et al. 2004). INPP5B is isoprenylated at its C-terminus for membrane attachment.

Evidence149
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10827188
comment: In the nucleus, inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 2 (IP6K2) phosphorylate5-diphospho-1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate (5-PP-IP4) to inositol 1,5-bisdiphospho-3,4,6-trisphosphate (1,5-(PP)2-IP3) (Saiardi et al. 2001, Saiardi et al. 2000, Draskovic et al. 2008).

Evidence148
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10827188
comment: In the nucleus, inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 2 (IP6K2) phosphorylate inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5,6)P5) to inositol 5-diphospho-(1,3,4,6)-tetrakisphosphate (5-PP-IP4) (Saiardi et al. 2001, Saiardi et al. 2000, Draskovic et al. 2008).

Evidence145
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16293229
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12027805
comment: In the nucleus, inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) phosphorylates inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5)P4) to inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5,6)P5) (Nalaskowski et al. 2002, Chang & Majerus 2006).

Evidence144
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16293229
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12027805
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12223481
comment: In the nucleus, inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) phosphorylates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P3) to inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5)P4) (Nalaskowski et al. 2002, Chang et al. 2002, Chang & Majerus 2006).

Evidence147
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16293229
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12027805
comment: In the nucleus, inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) phosphorylates inositol 1,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate (I(1,4,5,6)P4) to inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5,6)P5) (Nalaskowski et al. 2002, Chang & Majerus 2006).

Evidence146
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16293229
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12223481
comment: In the nucleus, inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) phosphorylates inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,6)P4) to inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5,6)P5) (Chang et al. 2002, Chang & Majerus 2006).

UnificationXref6061
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602114
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602114

UnificationXref6060
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602113
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602113

UnificationXref6065
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602126
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602126

UnificationXref6064
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602125
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602125

UnificationXref6063
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_85727
db: Reactome
id version: 4
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_85727.4

UnificationXref6062
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602124
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602124

UnificationXref6069
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602137
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602137

Golgi membrane
type: CellularLocationVocabulary
xref: UnificationXref1378

UnificationXref6068
type: UnificationXref
id: GO:0030660
db: GENE ONTOLOGY

UnificationXref6067
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602120
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602120

UnificationXref6066
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_237498
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_237498.1

Evidence154
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10827188
comment: Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 3 (IP6K3) phosphorylate inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (I(1,3,4,5,6)P5) to inositol 5-diphospho-(1,3,4,6)-tetrakisphosphate (5-PP-IP4) (Saiardi et al. 2001, Saiardi et al. 2000, Draskovic et al. 2008).

Evidence153
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16293229
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12027805
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11331907
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12223481
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16781889
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17943301
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10827188
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17412958
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20359876
comment: Within the nucleus, inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK), inositol-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase (IPPK), inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 2 (IP6K2) produce IP5, IP6, IP7, and IP8 inositol phosphate molecules (Irvine & Schell 2001, Alcazar-Romain & Wente 2008, York 2006, Monserrate and York 2010, Nalaskowski et al. 2002, Chang et al. 2002, Chang & Majerus 2006, Saiardi et al. 2001, Saiardi et al. 2000, Draskovic et al. 2008, Mulugu et al. 2007).

Evidence152
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17412958
comment: In the nucleus, inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 2 (IP6K2) phosphorylate 1-diphospho-2,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (1-PP-IP5) to make inositol 1,5-bisdiphospho-2,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate (1,5-(PP)2-IP4) (Saiardi et al. 2001, Mulugu et al. 2007).

Evidence151
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
comment: In the nucleus, inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 2 (IP6K2) phosphorylate inositol 5-diphospho-1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-PP-IP5) to inositol 5-triphospho- 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-PPP-IP5) (Saiardi et al. 2001, Draskovic et al. 2008) and IP6K2 (Saiardi et al. 2001, Draskovic et al. 2008). While this reaction has been demonstrated to occur in vitro, the extent to which it occurs in vivo is less clear.

Evidence150
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17412958
comment: In the nucleus, inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 2 (IP6K2) phosphorylate inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (IP6) to inositol 5-diphospho-1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-PP-IP5). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: IP6K1 (Saiardi et al. 2001, Mulugu et al. 2007, Draskovic et al. 2008) and IP6K2 (Saiardi et al. 2001, Mulugu et al. 2007, Draskovic et al. 2008).

Evidence159
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17702752
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17690096
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18981179
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17412958
comment: Inositol hexakisphosphate and diphosphoinositol-pentakisphosphate kinase 1/2 (PPIP5K1) and 2 (PPIP5K2) phosphorylate inositol 5-diphospho-1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-PP-IP5) to inositol 1,5-bisdiphospho-2,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate (1,5-(PP)2-IP4) (Fridy et al. 2007, Mulugu et al. 2007, Choi et al. 2007, Lin et al. 2009).

Evidence158
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
comment: Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 3 (IP6K3) phosphorylate inositol 5-diphospho-1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-PP-IP5) to inositol 5-triphospho- 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-PPP-IP5). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: IP6K1 (Saiardi et al. 2001, Draskovic et al. 2008) and IP6K3 (Saiardi et al. 2001, Draskovic et al. 2008).

Evidence157
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17702752
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22119861
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17690096
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18981179
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17412958
comment: Inositol hexakisphosphate and diphosphoinositol-pentakisphosphate kinase 1/2 (PPIP5K1) and 2 (PPIP5K2) phosphorylate inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (IP6) to inositol 1-diphospho-2,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (1-PP-IP5)) (Fridy et al. 2007, Mulugu et al. 2007, Choi et al. 2007, Lin et al. 2009; Wang et al. 2011).

Evidence156
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18981179
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17412958
comment: Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 3 (IP6K3) phosphorylate inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (IP6) to inositol 5-diphospho-1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (5-PP-IP5). The following lists the above proteins with their corresponding literature references: IP6K1 (Saiardi et al. 2001, Mulugu et al. 2007, Draskovic et al. 2008; Lin et al. 2009) and IP6K3 (Saiardi et al. 2001, Draskovic et al. 2008).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19501527
type: PublicationXref
id: 19501527
author: Cassel, SL
author: Sutterwala, FS
author: Joly, S
db: Pubmed
title: The NLRP3 inflammasome: a sensor of immune danger signals
source: Semin Immunol 21:194-8
year: 2009

Evidence155
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18355727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11502751
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10827188
comment: Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1) and 3 (IP6K3) phosphorylate inositol 1-diphospho-3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate (1-PP-IP4) to form inositol 1,5-bisdiphospho-3,4,6-trisphosphate (1,5-(PP)2-IP3) (Saiardi et al. 2001, Saiardi et al. 2000, Draskovic et al. 2008).

UnificationXref6050
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602054
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602054

UnificationXref6052
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602070
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602070

UnificationXref6051
type: UnificationXref
id: O74767
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6054
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602062
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602062

UnificationXref6053
type: UnificationXref
id: O42937
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6056
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602080
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602080

UnificationXref6055
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602079
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602079

UnificationXref6058
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206802
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206802.2

UnificationXref6057
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602081
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602081

UnificationXref6059
type: UnificationXref
id: O94601
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8259
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_212437
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_212437.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19338268
type: PublicationXref
id: 19338268
author: Park, Sung-Min
author: Lee, Yun-Ju
author: Kang, Ho Sung
author: Kim, Suhkmann
author: Lu, Ming
author: Park, Jang-Su
author: Kang, Shin Won
db: Pubmed
title: Aromatic-participant interactions are essential for disulfide-bond-based trimerization in human heat shock transcription factor 1
source: Biochemistry 48:3795-7
year: 2009

UnificationXref8255
type: UnificationXref
id: P36601
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8256
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600006
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600006

UnificationXref8257
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600008
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600008

UnificationXref8258
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600009
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600009

K48-polyubiquitinated substrate
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10961
xref: UnificationXref10960
cellular location: GO_0005829
display name: K48polyUb-antigenic substrate
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 983123

UnificationXref8251
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599838
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599838

oligopeptide fragment (8-16aa)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10963
xref: UnificationXref10962
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 983032

UnificationXref8252
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600007
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600007

UnificationXref8253
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600074
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600074

UnificationXref8254
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_218546
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_218546.2

HSPA (HSP70) proteins
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10711
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606644
member physical entity: Protein2089
member physical entity: Protein2095

Activated MAPK kinases ERK1/2, JNK, p38
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10830
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5601009
member physical entity: Protein2128
member physical entity: Protein2138

PAK1-3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10925
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5603060
member physical entity: Protein2167
member physical entity: Protein315
member physical entity: Protein2164

PP2A regulatory subunit B56
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10944
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5603027
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
member physical entity: Protein1945
member physical entity: Protein2170
member physical entity: Protein399
member physical entity: Protein2173
member physical entity: Protein2176

UnificationXref8250
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599837
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599837

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16100110
type: PublicationXref
id: 16100110
author: Jigami, Y
author: Sato, T
author: Gao, XD
author: Tachikawa, H
author: Dean, N
db: Pubmed
title: Alg14 recruits Alg13 to the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum to form a novel bipartite UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase required for the second step of N-linked glycosylation
source: J Biol Chem 280:36254-62
year: 2005

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14567916
type: PublicationXref
id: 14567916
author: DiCorleto, PE
author: Maitra, RK
author: Fox, PL
author: Sampath, P
author: Seshadri, V
author: Mazumder, B
db: Pubmed
title: Regulated release of L13a from the 60S ribosomal subunit as a mechanism of transcript-specific translational control
source: Cell 115:187-98
year: 2003

UnificationXref6000
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602357
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602357

UnificationXref6001
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_234684
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_234684.1

UnificationXref6002
type: UnificationXref
id: O94319
db: UniProt

UnificationXref6003
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602385
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602385

UnificationXref8268
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_218860
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_218860.2

UnificationXref6004
type: UnificationXref
id: O13637
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8269
type: UnificationXref
id: 83898
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=83898

UnificationXref6005
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602384
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602384

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15692562
type: PublicationXref
id: 15692562
author: Sagata, N
db: Pubmed
title: The Polo-like kinase Plx1 interacts with and inhibits Myt1 after fertilization of Xenopus eggs
source: EMBO J 24:1057-67
year: 2005

UnificationXref8266
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_213554
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213554.2

UnificationXref6006
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602365
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602365

UnificationXref8267
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607293
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607293

UnificationXref6007
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602361
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602361

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11136719
type: PublicationXref
id: 11136719
author: Kimura, Keiji
author: Cuvier, Olivier
author: Hirano, T
db: Pubmed
title: Chromosome condensation by a human condensin complex in Xenopus egg extracts
source: J. Biol. Chem. 276:5417-20
year: 2001

UnificationXref8264
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227083
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227083.2

UnificationXref8265
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607292
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607292

UnificationXref8262
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_205167
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_205167.2

UnificationXref8263
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607291
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607291

UnificationXref8260
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600075
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600075

UnificationXref8261
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600076
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600076

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16100120
type: PublicationXref
id: 16100120
author: Lahiri, S
author: Futerman, AH
db: Pubmed
title: LASS5 is a bona fide dihydroceramide synthase that selectively utilizes palmitoyl-CoA as acyl donor
source: J Biol Chem 280:33735-8
year: 2005

UnificationXref6009
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602367
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602367

UnificationXref6008
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602366
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602366

UnificationXref8277
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607265
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607265

UnificationXref6017
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602375
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602375

UnificationXref8278
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_203596
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_203596.2

UnificationXref6018
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602376
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602376

UnificationXref8279
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607258
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607258

UnificationXref6015
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602373
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602373

UnificationXref6016
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602374
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602374

UnificationXref6013
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602371
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602371

UnificationXref6014
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602372
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602372

UnificationXref6011
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_243130
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_243130.1

UnificationXref6012
type: UnificationXref
id: GO:0012507
db: GENE ONTOLOGY

UnificationXref8270
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2357
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2357.1

UnificationXref6010
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602388
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602388

UnificationXref8271
type: UnificationXref
id: 75220
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=75220

UnificationXref8272
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5857
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5857.1

UnificationXref8273
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599728
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599728

UnificationXref8274
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206063
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206063.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18690016
type: PublicationXref
id: 18690016
author: Schnetkamp, PP
author: Altimimi, HF
db: Pubmed
title: Na+/Ca2+-K+ exchangers (NCKX): functional properties and physiological roles
source: Channels (Austin) 1:62-9
year: 2007

UnificationXref8275
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607264
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607264

UnificationXref8276
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_226674
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_226674.2

UniProt:P34208 chk1
type: ProteinReference
name: chk1
name: rad27
name: SPCC1259.13
xref: UnificationXref10846
comment: CATALYTIC ACTIVITY ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.PTM Phosphorylated.SIMILARITY Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. NIM1 subfamily.SIMILARITY Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Formation of the active cofactor, UDP-glucuronate
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction69
evidence: Evidence703
xref: UnificationXref5178
xref: UnificationXref5179
xref: RelationshipXref819
pathway order: PathwayStep101
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref6019
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602377
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602377

UnificationXref6026
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602381
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602381

UnificationXref6027
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602382
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602382

UnificationXref8288
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599827
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599827

UnificationXref6028
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_231283
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_231283.1

UnificationXref8289
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599828
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599828

UnificationXref6029
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602387
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602387

UnificationXref6022
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602380
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602380

UnificationXref6023
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602368
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602368

UnificationXref6024
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602369
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602369

UnificationXref6025
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602370
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602370

UnificationXref8282
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_205653
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_205653.2

UnificationXref8283
type: UnificationXref
id: O94395
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8280
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_212334
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_212334.2

UnificationXref6020
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602378
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602378

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20628411
type: PublicationXref
id: 20628411
author: Akerfelt, Malin
author: Sistonen, Lea
author: Morimoto, Richard I
db: Pubmed
title: Heat shock factors: integrators of cell stress, development and lifespan
source: Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 11:545-55
year: 2010

UnificationXref8281
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607259
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607259

UnificationXref6021
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602379
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602379

UnificationXref8286
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599825
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599825

UnificationXref8287
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599826
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599826

UnificationXref8284
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599821
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599821

UnificationXref8285
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9HGM8
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8290
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206249
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206249.2

peptidyl-tRNA with elongated peptide
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9165
xref: UnificationXref9166
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 141678

EEF1A1-like proteins
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9091
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5600659
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
member physical entity: Protein1795

Unfolded alpha/beta tubulin
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9244
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5603135
member physical entity: Protein266
member physical entity: Protein1815
member physical entity: Protein1816
member physical entity: Protein1817

UnificationXref8210
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_207962
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_207962.2

polypeptide
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9211
xref: UnificationXref9212
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 141681

RNA-binding protein in RNP (ribonucleoprotein) complexes
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8994
xref: UnificationXref8993
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 72595

messenger RNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8992
cellular location: GO_0005829
display name: mRNA
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598620

nascent polypeptide with signal sequence
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9062
xref: UnificationXref9063
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 1799333

eIF-1
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
name: translation initiation factor 1
xref: UnificationXref9012
xref: UnificationXref9013
cellular location: GO_0005829
display name: eIF1
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 72617

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10940339
type: PublicationXref
id: 10940339
author: Laurell, H
author: Holm, C
author: Osterlund, T
author: Contreras, JA
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular mechanisms regulating hormone-sensitive lipase and lipolysis
source: Annu Rev Nutr 20:365-93
year: 2000

UnificationXref8216
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_209804
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_209804.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9011567
type: PublicationXref
id: 9011567
author: Ding, X Z
author: Tsokos, G C
author: Kiang, J G
db: Pubmed
title: Heat shock factor-1 protein in heat shock factor-1 gene-transfected human epidermoid A431 cells requires phosphorylation before inducing heat shock protein-70 production
source: J. Clin. Invest. 99:136-43
year: 1997

UnificationXref8215
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600267
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600267

UnificationXref8218
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_211056
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_211056.2

UnificationXref8217
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607391
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607391

EIF5A
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9299
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5602410
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
member physical entity: Protein1825
member physical entity: Protein1822

UnificationXref8212
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215178
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215178.2

alpha/beta tubulin folding intermediate
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9250
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5603139
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
member physical entity: Protein266
member physical entity: Protein1818

UnificationXref8211
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600265
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600265

UnificationXref8214
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2960
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2960.2

UnificationXref8213
type: UnificationXref
id: 110300
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110300

PublicationXref1181
type: PublicationXref
author: Parkinson, A
title: Casarett and Doull's Toxicology 5th Edn
source: 113-186
year: 1995

UnificationXref8219
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607388
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607388

EIF5A(Dhp)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9307
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5602403
member physical entity: Protein1831
member physical entity: Protein1828

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9153422
type: PublicationXref
id: 9153422
author: Batelier, G
author: Soulié, S
author: Melki, R
author: Williams RC, Jr
db: Pubmed
title: Cytoplasmic chaperonin containing TCP-1: structural and functional characterization
source: Biochemistry 36:5817-26
year: 1997

Nascent pre-mRNA with hydrolysed 5'-end
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9924
xref: UnificationXref9925
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 111341

UnificationXref8221
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607389
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607389

nascent pre-mRNA transcript
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9919
xref: UnificationXref9920
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 72084

UnificationXref8220
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_263079
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_263079.1

G-protein activation
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction780
evidence: Evidence1266
xref: UnificationXref7982
xref: UnificationXref7983
pathway order: PathwayStep1251
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

unfolded protein
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9668
xref: UnificationXref9669
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 1022114

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8514871
type: PublicationXref
id: 8514871
author: Stead, RH
author: Hayward, CP
author: Warkentin, TE
author: Podor, TJ
author: Horsewood, P
author: Kelton, JG
author: Bainton, DF
author: Smith, JW
db: Pubmed
title: Multimerin is found in the alpha-granules of resting platelets and is synthesized by a megakaryocytic cell line
source: J Clin Invest 91:2630-9
year: 1993

Ghost homologue of unfolded protein
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9618
cellular location: GO_0044322
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5604209

Ghost homologue of unfolded protein
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9605
cellular location: GO_0005788
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5604156

(ethanolamineP) mannose (a1-4) glucosaminyl-acyl-PI
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9376
xref: UnificationXref9377
cellular location: GO_0005789
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 162843

Ghost homologue of PIGH
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9342
cellular location: GO_0005789
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5600744

EIF5A(Hyp)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9325
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5602427
member physical entity: Protein1838
member physical entity: Protein1835

UnificationXref8229
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225121
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225121.2

UnificationXref8228
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600010
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600010

UnificationXref8227
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_223217
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_223217.2

UnificationXref8226
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599717
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599717

UnificationXref8225
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599716
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599716

UnificationXref8224
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599715
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599715

UnificationXref8223
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599714
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599714

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17712357
type: PublicationXref
id: 17712357
author: Hardie, DG
db: Pubmed
title: AMP-activated/SNF1 protein kinases: conserved guardians of cellular energy
source: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:774-85
year: 2007

Nascent pre-mRNA with 5'-GMP associated with CE
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9935
xref: UnificationXref9936
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 111344

UnificationXref8222
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_245504
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_245504.1

Platelet degranulation
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction13
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction16
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction15
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction14
evidence: Evidence27
xref: RelationshipXref11
xref: UnificationXref602
xref: UnificationXref603
pathway order: PathwayStep25
pathway order: PathwayStep24
pathway order: PathwayStep23
pathway order: PathwayStep22
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Nascent pre-mRNA with 5'-GMP dissociated from CE
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9940
xref: UnificationXref9941
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 111345

U4 ATAC snRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9958
xref: UnificationXref9959
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 77464

Formation of apoptosome
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction25
evidence: Evidence43
xref: UnificationXref676
xref: UnificationXref677
pathway order: PathwayStep40
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10514471
type: PublicationXref
id: 10514471
author: Subramani, S
author: Van Veldhoven, P P
author: Avraham, S
author: London, R
author: Rogers, R A
author: Avraham, H
author: Jiang, S
author: Yamashita, H
db: Pubmed
title: Characterization of human and murine PMP20 peroxisomal proteins that exhibit antioxidant activity in vitro
source: J. Biol. Chem. 274:29897-904
year: 1999

U12 snRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10006
xref: UnificationXref10005
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 77471

U6 ATAC snRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref9977
xref: UnificationXref9978
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 77466

capped, methylated pre-mRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10023
xref: UnificationXref10022
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 77507

U11 snRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10019
xref: UnificationXref10020
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 77461

mature mRNA (eukaryotic, capped and polyadenylated)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10339
xref: UnificationXref10340
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 430014

UnificationXref8230
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607257
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607257

mRNA with spliced exons
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10035
xref: UnificationXref10034
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 72156

mature mRNA (eukaryotic, capped and deadenylated)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10358
xref: UnificationXref10357
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 429974

UnificationXref8232
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09683
db: UniProt

mature mRNA (eukaryotic, capped and partially deadenylated)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10343
xref: UnificationXref10342
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 429909

UnificationXref8231
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_214737
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_214737.2

UnificationXref8234
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9UTJ8
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8233
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599725
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599725

UnificationXref8236
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599726
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599726

UnificationXref8235
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599721
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599721

UnificationXref8238
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_204711
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_204711.2

UnificationXref8237
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599727
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599727

UnificationXref8239
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607261
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607261

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9914500
type: PublicationXref
id: 9914500
author: di Padova, F
author: Freuler, F
author: Heilker, R
author: Eder, J
author: Pulfer, R
db: Pubmed
title: All three IkappaB isoforms and most Rel family members are stably associated with the IkappaB kinase 1/2 complex
source: Eur J Biochem 259:253-61
year: 1999

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14521909
type: PublicationXref
id: 14521909
author: Torii, H
author: Michibata, H
author: Chiba, H
author: Imai, Y
author: Seishima, M
author: Wakimoto, K
author: Okubo, K
author: Mitsui, H
author: Kawasaki, S
db: Pubmed
title: A novel diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT2) is decreased in human psoriatic skin and increased in diabetic mice
source: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 310:296-302
year: 2003

capped oligoribonucleotide
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10360
xref: UnificationXref10359
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 429926

oligoribonucleotide with a 5'-diphosphate
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10386
xref: UnificationXref10387
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 429925

decapped mRNA with 5' monophosphate
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10412
xref: UnificationXref10411
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 429875

mRNA Transcript Targeted by AUF1(hnRNP D0)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10479
xref: UnificationXref10480
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 450444

primary microRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10466
xref: UnificationXref10465
cellular location: GO_0005654
display name: pri-microRNA
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 203828

mRNA with premature termination codon not preceding exon junction
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10455
xref: UnificationXref10454
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 927733

mRNA with premature termination codon preceding exon junction
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10423
xref: UnificationXref10422
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 927796

UnificationXref8243
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607263
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607263

DNA containing 5-formylcytosine
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10532
xref: UnificationXref10533
cellular location: GO_0005654
display name: DNA containing 5-fC
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5221062

UnificationXref8242
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_202702
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_202702.2

mRNA Transcript Targeted by Tristetraproline
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10523
xref: UnificationXref10524
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 450597

UnificationXref8241
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607262
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607262

mRNA Transcript Targeted by BRF1
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10507
xref: UnificationXref10508
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 450523

UnificationXref8240
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_216381
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_216381.2

UnificationXref8247
type: UnificationXref
id: P36592
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8246
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5086
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5086.1

UnificationXref8245
type: UnificationXref
id: 75156
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=75156

UnificationXref8244
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_218079
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_218079.2

UnificationXref8249
type: UnificationXref
id: O42905
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8248
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599833
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599833

PublicationXref1177
type: PublicationXref
author: Oesch, F
author: Arand, M
title: Toxicology
source: 83-107
year: 1999

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10421574
type: PublicationXref
id: 10421574
author: Newton, A C
author: Behn-Krappa, A
db: Pubmed
title: The hydrophobic phosphorylation motif of conventional protein kinase C is regulated by autophosphorylation
source: Curr. Biol. 9:728-37
year: 1999

Ubiquitinated-protein aggregates
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10649
xref: UnificationXref10650
cellular location: GO_0005829
display name: Ub-protein aggregates
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5324631

Heat shock inducible proteins
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10705
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606865
member physical entity: Protein2089
member physical entity: Protein2080
member physical entity: Protein2092
member physical entity: Protein2095
member physical entity: Protein2079
member physical entity: Protein2098

DNA containing 5-carboxylcytosine
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10540
xref: UnificationXref10539
cellular location: GO_0005654
display name: DNA containing 5-caC
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5220996

PRDX1,2,5
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref10623
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606617
member physical entity: Protein2071
member physical entity: Complex889
member physical entity: Complex888

RelationshipXref421
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006112
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref422
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602230
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602230

RelationshipXref420
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0031325
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref426
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602294
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602294

RelationshipXref425
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008474
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

template DNA opened from -10 to +2, with first nucleotide base-paired at 5'-end
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8606
xref: UnificationXref8607
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 71063

RelationshipXref424
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605286
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605286

Template DNA hybrid with phosphodiester-PPi intermediate
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8613
xref: UnificationXref8612
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 83602

RelationshipXref423
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016175
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Open DNA -10 to +2 containing RNA Polymerase II promoter
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8542
xref: UnificationXref8543
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109875

DNA containing RNA Polymerase II promoter
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8584
xref: UnificationXref8583
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109627

RelationshipXref429
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605122
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605122

DNA containing IDL greater than 1 base and single strand incision
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8491
xref: UnificationXref8492
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5358521

RelationshipXref428
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003934
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

capped pre-mRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8532
xref: UnificationXref8531
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 72085

RelationshipXref427
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0050999
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

DNA containing single strand nick (5' phosphate, 3' hydroxyl)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8470
xref: UnificationXref8471
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5358610

DNA containing IDL of 2 or more bases
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8476
xref: UnificationXref8477
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5358527

DNA containing mismatch or 1-2 base IDL
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8438
xref: UnificationXref8439
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5358514

DNA containing 1-2 base mismatch and single-strand incision
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8461
xref: UnificationXref8460
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5358526

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10987144
type: PublicationXref
id: 10987144
author: Kwon, OS
author: Choi, SY
author: Moon, BJ
author: Lee, HS
db: Pubmed
title: Human pyridoxal kinase: overexpression and properties of the recombinant enzyme
source: Mol Cells 10:452-9
year: 2000

Telomere Extension By Telomerase
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction726
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction727
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction724
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction725
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction728
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction729
evidence: Evidence1123
xref: UnificationXref7411
xref: UnificationXref7412
xref: RelationshipXref1049
pathway order: PathwayStep1109
pathway order: PathwayStep1108
pathway order: PathwayStep1112
pathway order: PathwayStep1111
pathway order: PathwayStep1113
pathway order: PathwayStep1110
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref410
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006744
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

Association of licensing factors with the pre-replicative complex
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: TemplateReaction11
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction688
evidence: Evidence1050
xref: UnificationXref7060
xref: UnificationXref7061
pathway order: PathwayStep1039
pathway order: PathwayStep1040
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref411
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015207
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

DNA with RNA Polymerase III Type 2 Open Promoter
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8744
xref: UnificationXref8745
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 112134

RelationshipXref413
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0050796
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref412
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600811
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600811

RelationshipXref415
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0035556
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref414
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0071377
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

template DNA:30 nt transcript hybrid
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8642
xref: UnificationXref8643
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 111260

RelationshipXref417
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004672
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

DNA with RNA Polymerase III Type 1 Open Promoter
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8735
xref: UnificationXref8736
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 112051

RelationshipXref416
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005999
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

elongating pre-mRNA Pol III oligonucleotide
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8739
xref: UnificationXref8738
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 111980

RelationshipXref419
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0042304
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

released pre-mRNA Pol III oligonucleotide
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8740
xref: UnificationXref8741
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 111984

RelationshipXref418
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5600882
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600882

template DNA:3 nucleotide transcript hybrid
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8624
xref: UnificationXref8625
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 75858

template DNA:4 nucleotide transcript hybrid
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8629
xref: UnificationXref8630
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 75884

template DNA:9 nucleotide transcript hybrid
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8635
xref: UnificationXref8634
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 75888

template DNA:11 nucleotide transcript hybrid
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8638
xref: UnificationXref8637
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 75901

template DNA with first transcript dinucleotide, opened to +8 position
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8618
xref: UnificationXref8617
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109877

Adaptive Immune System
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 231973.1
pathway component: Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR)
pathway component: REACT 239035.1
pathway component: REACT 188526.3
evidence: Evidence1815
xref: UnificationXref11014
xref: UnificationXref11015
pathway order: PathwayStep1765
pathway order: PathwayStep1776
pathway order: PathwayStep1788
pathway order: PathwayStep1772
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Metabolism of mRNA
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 188543.3
pathway component: REACT 188588.3
pathway component: REACT 252131.1
evidence: Evidence1866
xref: UnificationXref11200
xref: UnificationXref11201
xref: RelationshipXref1429
pathway order: PathwayStep1698
pathway order: PathwayStep1680
pathway order: PathwayStep1685
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10305
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref7911
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8672512
type: PublicationXref
id: 8672512
author: Horiuchi, S
author: Sano, H
author: Yoshida, M
author: Jinnouchi, Y
author: Higashi, T
author: Ikeda, K
author: Araki, T
author: Ueda, S
db: Pubmed
title: N (epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine protein adduct is a major immunological epitope in proteins modified with advanced glycation end products of the Maillard reaction
source: Biochemistry 35:8075-83
year: 1996

RelationshipXref400
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605938
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605938

Capped intronless pre-mRNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8821
xref: UnificationXref8820
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 112158

RelationshipXref408
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0044596
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

CPSF4 - 30 kDa subunit
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8826
xref: UnificationXref8825
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 71994

RelationshipXref407
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605947
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605947

Polymerase III gene DNA with a termination site
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8784
xref: UnificationXref8783
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 113448

RelationshipXref406
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605936
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605936

released pre-mRNA Pol III transcript
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8786
xref: UnificationXref8787
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 112478

RelationshipXref405
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0043430
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref404
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605940
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605940

RelationshipXref403
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0044595
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref402
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605930
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605930

RelationshipXref401
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016709
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

elongating pre-mRNA Pol III transcript
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8750
xref: UnificationXref8749
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 111987

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20576942
type: PublicationXref
id: 20576942
author: Kühl, Michael
author: Rao, Tata Purushothama
db: Pubmed
title: An updated overview on Wnt signaling pathways: a prelude for more
source: Circ. Res. 106:1798-806
year: 2010

Polymerase III gene DNA with transcription bubble (single-stranded region)
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8752
xref: UnificationXref8751
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 113443

DNA with RNA Polymerase III Type 2 Closed Promoter
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8765
xref: UnificationXref8766
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 83747

paused pre-mRNA Pol III transcript
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8775
xref: UnificationXref8776
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 112475

elongating pre-mRNA Pol III transcript plus 1 nucleotide
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8754
xref: UnificationXref8755
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 113704

DNA with RNA Polymerase III Type 1 Closed Promoter
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8759
xref: UnificationXref8758
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 76050

RelationshipXref409
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605923
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605923

Me2K28 replicative histone H3, MeK28-replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8936
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606846
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
member physical entity: Protein1766
member physical entity: Protein1769

Replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8945
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606562
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
member physical entity: Protein1734

Me2sR3-replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8961
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606997
member physical entity: Protein1779

Me2K37-replicative histone H3, MeK5-replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8871
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606796
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
member physical entity: Protein1731
member physical entity: Protein1728

MeK37-replicative histone H3, Replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8886
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606797
member physical entity: Protein1731
member physical entity: Protein1734

UniProt:P14068
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref7107
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Me2K10 replicative histone H3, MeK10-replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8899
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606812
member physical entity: Protein1740
member physical entity: Protein1743

MeK10-replicative histone H3, Replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8900
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606813
member physical entity: Protein1743
member physical entity: Protein1734

Me3K5 replicative histone H3, Me2K5-replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8913
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606819
member physical entity: Protein1752
member physical entity: Protein1749

Me2K5 replicative histone H3, MeK5-replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8917
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606476
member physical entity: Protein1755
member physical entity: Protein1749

Me3K28 replicative histone H3, Me2K28-replicative histone H3
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8932
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5606840
member physical entity: Protein1763
member physical entity: Protein1766

UnificationXref8298
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599275
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599275

UnificationXref8297
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10445
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8296
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599271
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599271

UnificationXref8295
type: UnificationXref
id: O74803
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16380219
type: PublicationXref
id: 16380219
author: Dean, NM
author: Koo, S
author: Kang, X
author: Kim, Y
author: White, N
author: Marcusson, EG
author: Perera, RJ
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of novel PPARgamma target genes in primary human adipocytes
source: Gene 369:90-9
year: 2006

UnificationXref8294
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_221000
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_221000.2

UnificationXref8293
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607260
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607260

UnificationXref8292
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_213255
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213255.2

UnificationXref8291
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607280
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607280

SUMO is proteolytically processed
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction973
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction974
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction972
evidence: Evidence1588
xref: RelationshipXref1259
xref: UnificationXref9706
xref: UnificationXref9705
pathway order: PathwayStep1568
pathway order: PathwayStep1567
pathway order: PathwayStep1566
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8299
type: UnificationXref
id: P87235
db: UniProt

UniProt:Q10311
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref790
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10306
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref3267
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

ATF6-alpha activates chaperones
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: ATF6-alpha activates chaperone genes
evidence: Evidence1609
xref: RelationshipXref1269
xref: UnificationXref9818
xref: UnificationXref9817
pathway order: PathwayStep1589
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11535616
type: PublicationXref
id: 11535616
author: Chan, GK
author: Yen, Tim
author: Sudakin, V
db: Pubmed
title: Checkpoint inhibition of the APC/C in HeLa cells is mediated by a complex of BUBR1, BUB3, CDC20, and MAD2
source: J Cell Biol 154:925-36
year: 2001

UniProt:Q10343
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1764
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12438653
type: PublicationXref
id: 12438653
author: Rosenblatt, DS
author: Wilson, Aaron
author: Leclerc, Daniel
author: Doré, Carole
author: Wu, Xuchu
author: Hudson, Thomas
author: Dobson, C Melissa
author: Gravel, RA
author: Wai, Timothy
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of the gene responsible for the cblA complementation group of vitamin B12-responsive methylmalonic acidemia based on analysis of prokaryotic gene arrangements
source: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:15554-9
year: 2002

Integration of energy metabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 188657.3
pathway component: REACT 247019.1
pathway component: REACT 236670.1
pathway component: REACT 242378.1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction274
pathway component: REACT 222197.2
pathway component: REACT 240790.1
pathway component: REACT 229743.1
evidence: Evidence404
xref: UnificationXref3111
xref: RelationshipXref421
xref: UnificationXref3110
pathway order: PathwayStep388
pathway order: PathwayStep387
pathway order: PathwayStep399
pathway order: PathwayStep384
pathway order: PathwayStep393
pathway order: PathwayStep394
pathway order: PathwayStep390
pathway order: PathwayStep389
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10349
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref4434
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Post-Elongation Processing of Intronless pre-mRNA
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 221581.2
evidence: Evidence1457
xref: UnificationXref8840
xref: UnificationXref8839
pathway order: PathwayStep1439
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11175906
type: PublicationXref
id: 11175906
author: Burden, A
author: Wu, CK
author: Wang, BC
author: Dailey, HA
author: Rose, JP
author: Sellers, VM
db: Pubmed
title: The 2.0 A structure of human ferrochelatase, the terminal enzyme of heme biosynthesis.
source: Nat Struct Biol 8:156-60
year: 2001

UniProt:Q10330
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref12
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9278091
type: PublicationXref
id: 9278091
author: Hildebrandt, JD
db: Pubmed
title: Role of subunit diversity in signaling by heterotrimeric G proteins
source: Biochem Pharmacol 54:325-39
year: 1997

UniProt:Q10333
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1834
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10334
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref4339
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q10335
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref812
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12671646
type: PublicationXref
id: 12671646
author: Chao, MV
db: Pubmed
title: Neurotrophins and their receptors: a convergence point for many signalling pathways
source: Nat Rev Neurosci 4:299-309
year: 2003

UniProt:Q10329
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref800
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

damaged DNA with open bubble structure
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8329
xref: UnificationXref8330
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109944

newly synthesized DNA fragment
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8354
xref: UnificationXref8353
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109964

damaged DNA with 3' incision
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8347
xref: UnificationXref8346
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109942

Repaired double-stranded DNA
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8357
xref: UnificationXref8358
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109966

incised DNA without lesion
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8355
xref: UnificationXref8356
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109961

damaged DNA substrate:nascent mRNA hybrid with 3' incision
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8413
xref: UnificationXref8414
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 110298

damaged DNA substrate:nascent mRNA hybrid
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8390
xref: UnificationXref8391
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 110291

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18760361
type: PublicationXref
id: 18760361
author: Maness, PF
author: Schmid, RS
db: Pubmed
title: L1 and NCAM adhesion molecules as signaling coreceptors in neuronal migration and process outgrowth
source: Curr Opin Neurobiol 18:245-50
year: 2008

excised DNA fragment with lesion
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8420
xref: UnificationXref8419
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 109960

damaged DNA substrate:nascent mRNA hybrid with dual incisions
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8418
xref: UnificationXref8417
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 110303

repaired DNA template:nascent mRNA hybrid
type: PhysicalEntity
data source: Provenance1
xref: UnificationXref8425
xref: UnificationXref8426
cellular location: GO_0005654
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 110295

UniProt:P36600
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref3060
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref976
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0043682
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:P36601
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8255
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref975
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006879
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref974
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0033572
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref973
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599530
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599530

UniProt:P36604
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref597
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref979
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0004012
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UniProt:P36602
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref3891
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8189
type: UnificationXref
id: O42917
db: UniProt

RelationshipXref978
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604567
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604567

UniProt:P36603
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref3888
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref977
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604573
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604573

UnificationXref8187
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607387
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607387

UnificationXref8188
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_248646
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_248646.1

UnificationXref8185
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600242
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600242

UnificationXref8186
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227021
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227021.2

Evidence849
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20524213
comment: Defects in CD320 cause methylmalonic aciduria type TCblR (MMATC aka methylmalonic aciduria; MIM:613646) resulting in elevated methylmalonic acid (MMA) and homocysteine (HCYS) in newborns (Quadros et al. 2010).

UnificationXref8183
type: UnificationXref
id: 110310
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110310

Evidence848
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16281286
comment: Defects in MUT cause methylmalonic aciduria, mut type (MMAM; MIM:251000), an often fatal disorder of organic acid metabolism (Worgan et al. 2006).

UnificationXref8184
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3182
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3182.2

Evidence847
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12438653
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15523652
comment: Defects in MMAA cause methylmalonic aciduria type cblA (cblA aka methylmalonic aciduria type A or vitamin B12-responsive methylmalonic aciduria of cblA complementation type; MIM:251100). Affected individuals accumulate methylmalonic acid in the blood and urine and are prone to potentially life threatening acidotic crises in infancy or early childhood (Dobson et al. 2002, Lerner-Ellis et al. 2004).

UnificationXref8181
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600240
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600240

Evidence846
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12471062
comment: Defects in MMAB cause methylmalonic aciduria type cblB (cblB aka methylmalonic aciduria type B or vitamin B12 responsive methylmalonicaciduria of cblB complementation type; MIM:251110). Affected individuals have methylmalonic aciduria and episodes of metabolic ketoacidosis, despite a functional methylmalonyl CoA mutase. In severe cases, newborns become severely acidotic and may die if acidosis is not treated promptly (Dobson et al. 2002).

UnificationXref8182
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_211347
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_211347.2

Evidence845
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12068375
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8968737
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8968736
comment: Defects in MTR cause methylcobalamin deficiency type G (cblG; MIM:250940), an autosomal recessive inherited disease that causes mental retardation, macrocytic anemia, and homocystinuria (Leclerc et al. 1996, Gulati et al. 1996, Watkins et al. 2002).

UnificationXref8191
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600247
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600247

Evidence843
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18385497
comment: Defects in MMADHC cause methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblD (MMAHCD; MIM:277410), a disorder of cobalamin metabolism characterized by decreased levels of the coenzymes adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) and methylcobalamin (MeCbl) (Coelho et al. 2008).

UnificationXref8190
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600246
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600246

Evidence844
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10484769
comment: Defects in MTRR cause methylcobalamin deficiency type E (cblE; methionine synthase reductase deficiency; MIM:236270) (Wilson et al. 1999). Patients with cblE exhibit megaloblastic anemia and hyperhomocysteinemia. SAM is used as a methyl donor in many biological reactions and demethylation of SAM produces S-adenosylhomocysteine, which is deadenosylated to form homocysteine. Homocysteine remethylation is carried out by MTR, which requires MTRR to maintain enzyme-bound cobalamin (Cbl) in its active form; but in cblE patients, MTR becomes inactivated and thus homocysteine accumulates.

Evidence841
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15738392
comment: Defects in GIF cause hereditary intrinsic factor deficiency (IFD, aka congenital pernicious anemia; MIM:261000). IFD is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by megaloblastic anemia (Tanner et al. 2005).

Evidence842
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16311595
comment: Defects in MMACHC cause methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblC (MMAHCC; MIM:277400). MMAHCC is the most common disorder of cobalamin metabolism and is characterized by decreased levels of the coenzymes adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) and methylcobalamin (MeCbl). Affected individuals may have developmental, haematologic, neurologic, metabolic, ophthalmologic, and dermatologic clinical findings (Lerner-Ellis et al. 2006).

Evidence840
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19136951
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20174775
comment: Defects in LMBRD1 cause methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblF (MMAHCF; MIM:277380), characterised biochemically by decreased levels of the coenzymes adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) and methylcobalamin (MetCbl) (Rutsch et al. 2009, Gailus et al. 2010).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8682198
type: PublicationXref
id: 8682198
author: Hagerhall, C
author: Hederstedt, L
db: Pubmed
title: A structural model for the membrane-integral domain of succinate: quinone
source: FEBS Lett 389:25-31
year: 1996

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15189140
type: PublicationXref
id: 15189140
author: de Lange, T
author: Smogorzewska, A
db: Pubmed
title: Regulation of telomerase by telomeric proteins
source: Annu Rev Biochem 73:177-208
year: 2004

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db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603592

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db: GENE ONTOLOGY
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db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603596

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db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606359

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UniProt:P36611
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db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606353

UniProt:P36612
type: ProteinReference
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UniProt:P36613
type: ProteinReference
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type: UnificationXref
id: 110284
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110284

RelationshipXref989
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597561
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597561

UnificationXref8179
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3020
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3020.2

RelationshipXref988
type: RelationshipXref
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db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606341

UnificationXref8174
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2765
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2765.1

UnificationXref8175
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600236
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600236

UnificationXref8176
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600237
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600237

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9536209
type: PublicationXref
id: 9536209
author: Clarke, D
author: Cunningham, SK
author: Fearon, U
author: McKenna, TJ
db: Pubmed
title: A critical review of the origin and control of adrenal androgens
source: Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 11:229-48
year: 1997

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id: REACT_213482
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213482.2

2-aminosuccinic acid
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: L-Aspartate
name: L-Aspartate [ChEBI:17053]
name: L-Aspartic acid
xref: UnificationXref1143

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db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_262911.1

Evidence857
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22653731
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22983114
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23256519
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19837038
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22796206
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21768372
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17141155
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21554866
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17108000
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16678096
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16678095
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23260141
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21725318
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22952392
comment: 19 WNT proteins have been identified in human cells. The WNTs are members of a conserved metazoan family of secreted morphogens that activate several signaling pathways in the responding cell: the canonical (beta-catenin) WNT signaling cascade and several non-canonical pathways, including the planar cell polarity (PCP), the regulation of intracellular calcium signaling and activation of JNK kinases. WNT proteins exist in a gradient outside the secreting cell and are able to act over both short and long ranges to promote proliferation, changes in cell migration and polarity and tissue homeostasis, among others (reviewed in Saito-Diaz et al, 2012; Willert and Nusse, 2012). The WNTs are ~40kDa proteins with 23 conserved cysteine residues in the N-terminal that may form intramolecular disulphide bonds. They also contain an N-terminal signal sequence and a number of N-linked glycosylation sites (Janda et al, 2012). In addition to being glycosylated, WNTs are also lipid-modified in the endoplasmic reticulum by a WNT-specific O-acyl-transferase, Porcupine (PORCN), contributing to their characteristic hydrophobicity. PORCN-dependent palmitoylation is required for the secretion of WNT as well as its signaling activity, as either depletion of PORCN or mutation of the conserved serine acylation site results in the intracellular accumulation of WNT ligand (Takada et al, 2006; Barrott et al, 2011; Biechele et al, 2011; reviewed in Willert and Nusse, 2012). Secretion of WNT requires a number of other dedicated factors including the sorting receptor Wntless (WLS) (also knownas Evi, Sprinter, and GPR177), which binds WNT and escorts it to the cell surface (Banziger et al, 2006; Bartscherer et al, 2006; Goodman et al, 2006). A WNT-specific retromer containing SNX3 is subsequently required for the recycling of WLS back to the Golgi (reviewed in Herr et al, 2012; Johannes and Wunder, 2011). Once at the cell surface, WNT makes extensive contacts with components of the extracellular mat…

UnificationXref8171
type: UnificationXref
id: O94623
db: UniProt

Evidence856
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21725318
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22952392
comment: Retromer is believed to escort WLS from the early endosome back to the Golgi for subsequent rounds of WNT secretion (reviewed in Johannes and Wunder, 2011; Willert and Nusse, 2012 ).

UnificationXref8172
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600235
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600235

Evidence859
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10700176
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18311776
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7749328
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10733430
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17143297
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17510365
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11375957
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22438566
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6318122
comment: The WNT signaling pathway has been linked with cancer ever since the identification of the first WNT as a gene activated by integration of mouse mammary tumor virus proviral DNA in virally-induced breast tumors (Nusse et al, 1984). The most well known example of aberrant WNT signaling in cancer is in colorectal cancer, where an activating mutation in a WNT pathway component is seen in 90% of sporadic cases. Inappropriate WNT pathway activation has also been implicated in most other solid human cancers but is not always associated with mutations in WNT pathway components (reviewed in Polakis, 2012). Both tumor suppressors and oncogenes have been identified in the so-called canonical WNT pathway, which regulates WNT-dependent transcription by promoting the degradation of beta-catenin in the absence of ligand (reviewed in Polakis, 2012). Loss-of-function mutations in the destruction complex components APC, Axin and AMER1 and gain-of-function mutations in beta-catenin itself cause constitutive signaling and are found in cancers of the intestine, kidney, liver and stomach, among others (Polakis, 1995; Segiditsas and Tomlinson, 2006; Peifer and Polakis, 2000; Laurent-Puig et al, 2001; Liu et al, 2000; Satoh et al, 2000; Major et al, 2007; Ruteshouser et al, 2008). WNTs and WNT pathway components are also frequently over- or under-expressed in various cancers, and these changes are correlated with epigenetic regulation of promoter activity. In some contexts, both the canonical and non-canonical WNT signaling, which governs processes such as cell polarity and morphogenesis, may also contribute to tumor formation by promoting cell migration, invasiveness and metastasis.

UnificationXref8173
type: UnificationXref
id: 109939
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=109939

Evidence858
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21486121
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10921899
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/24277854
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22438566
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19619488
comment: Aberrant WNT signaling is associated with the development of numerous cancers, and strategies for targeting this pathway are under intense investigation (reviewed in Polakis, 2012; Polakis, 2000; Yao et al, 2011). Secretion of WNT ligand depends on its PORCN-dependent palmitoleoylation in the ER, making PORCN a attractive therapeutic target in cases where WNT is aberrantly over-expressed (reviewed in MacDonald et al, 2009). LGK974 is a PORCN-inhibitor that was identified in a screen for compounds that abrogate the secretion of WNT ligands, and is in Phase I clinical trials for the treatment of WNT-dependent cancers (Liu et al, 2013)

Evidence852
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16134170
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12124727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10068510
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18429047
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18442489
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21894551
comment: Defects in HLCS causes holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency (HLCS deficiency aka early onset multiple carboxylase deficiency; MIM:253270). HLCS deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder whereby deficient HLCS activity results in reduced activity of all five biotin-dependent carboxylases. Symptoms include metabolic acidosis, organic aciduria, lethargy, hypotonia, convulsions and dermatitis (Suzuki et al. 2005). Patients can present symptoms shortly after birth to up to early childhood and will be prescribed oral biotin supplements, typically 10-20 mg daily. Two classes of HLCS deficiency have been reported depending on whether patients respond to biotin therapy. Most patients respond favourably to treatment and show complete reversal of biochemical and clinical symptoms (Morrone et al. 2002, Dupuis et al. 1999). Here mutations in the HLCS active site cause a reduced affinity for biotin that can be overcome by pharmacological doses of the vitamin (Pendini et al. 2008). Patients who display incomplete responsiveness to biotin therapy have a poor long-term prognosis (Bailey et al. 2008). Here mutations that reside outside of the enzyme's active site have no effect on biotin binding but do compromise the protein-protein interaction between the HLCS and its substrates, resulting in reduced biotinylation of all five carboxylases thus reducing their enzymatic activity (Mayende et al. 2012).

Evidence853
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6883721
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20129807
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22241090
comment: BTD deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder in which the body is unable to recycle and reuse biotin (Btn). This results in a secondary Btn deficiency that leads to juvenile-onset multiple carboxylase deficiency (MIM:253260) (Wolf 2012, Wolf et al. 1983). Patients present with neurological and cutaneous symptoms, including seizures, hypotonia, skin rash, and alopecia, usually between the second and fifth months of life (Wolf 2010). Children with profound BTD deficiency are treated with pharmacological doses of biotin (5-20 mg daily). Neonatal screening for BTD deficiency is performed in most states of the United States and many other countries.

UnificationXref8180
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600238
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600238

Evidence854
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16134170
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23550138
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18442489
comment: Biotin (Btn, vitamin B7, vitamin H, coenzyme R) is an essential cofactor for five biotin-dependent carboxylase enzymes, involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, isoleucine, valine and in gluconeogenesis. Thus, Btn is necessary for cell growth, fatty acid synthesis and the metabolism of fats and amino acids. Inherited metabolic disorders characterized by deficient activities of all five biotin dependent carboxylases are termed multiple carboxylase deficiencies. Two congenital defects in biotin metabolism leading to multiple carboxylase deficiency are known, holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency (MIM 609018) and biotinidase deficiency (MIM 253260). In both scenarios symptoms include ketolactic acidosis, organic aciduria, hyperammonemia, skin rashes, hypotonia, seizures, developmental delay, alopecia, and coma. As humans are auxotrophic for Btn, the micronutrient must be obtained from external soures such as intestinal microflora and dietary forms. Accordingly, severe malnutrition can also give rise to biotin deficiency and multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin deficiency can also be induced by the excessive consumption of raw egg white that contains the biotin-binding protein avidin. Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency arises when all five biotin-dependent enzymes are not biotinylated leading to their reduced activities. The defective genes causing these conditions are described here (Pendini et al. 2008, Suzuki et al. 2005). Biotinidase deficiency is caused by defects in the recycling of Btn. General symptoms include decreased appetite and growth, dermatitis and perosis. The defective genes causing these conditions are described here (Procter et al. 2013).

Evidence855
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref1549
comment: Vitamins are essential nutrients, required in small amounts from the diet for the normal growth and development of a multicellular organism. Where there is vitamin deficiency, either by poor diet or a defect in metabolic conversion, diseases called Avitaminoses occur. Currently, cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) metabolic defects are described below (Chapter 155 in The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed, Scriver et al. 2001)

Evidence850
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21312325
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22547309
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21114891
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16846473
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9587028
comment: Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) is a nutrient essential for normal functioning of the brain and nervous system and for the formation of blood. Cbl-dependent methionine synthase (MTR) is required for conversion of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (metTHF) to tetrahydrofolate (THF), in addition to its role in conversion of homocysteine to methionine. In Cbl deficiency, and in inborn errors of Cbl metabolism that affect function of methionine synthase, inability to regenerate THF from metTHF results in decreased function of folate-dependent reactions that are involved in 2 steps of purine biosynthesis and thymidylate synthesis. Cbl deficiency results in hyperhomocysteinemia (due to defects in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine which requires Cbl as a cofactor) and increased levels of methylmalonic acid (MMA). Methionine is used in myelin production, protein, neurotransmitter, fatty acid and phospholipid production and DNA methylation. Symptoms of Cbl deficiency are bone marrow promegaloblastosis (megaloblastic anemia) due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis (specifically purines and thymidine) and neurological symptoms. The defective genes involved in Cbl deficiencies are described below (Froese & Gravel 2010, Nielsen et al. 2012, Whitehead 2006, Watkins & Rosenblatt 2011, Fowler 1998).

Evidence851
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12124727
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8817339
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20153287
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7842009
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9630604
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10190325
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11735028
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22123817
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11185745
comment: Biotin (Btn) acts as a coenzyme for 5 carboxylases that exist in their inactive apo forms. In the cytosol and mitochondrion, these apo carboxylases (apo-CBXs) are biotinylated to their active holo forms by the activity of biotin protein ligase (HCLS) (Ingaramo & Beckett 2012, Bailey et al. 2010, Hiratsuka et al. 1998). Defects in HLCS causes holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency (HLCS deficiency aka early-onset multiple carboxylase deficiency; MIM:253270). HLCS deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder whereby deficient HLCS activity results in reduced activity of all 5 carboxylases. Symptoms include metabolic acidosis, organic aciduria, lethargy, hypotonia, convulsions and dermatitis. Mutations in HCLS associated with HLCS deficiency include the compound heterozygote G261Vfs*20/L237P, D571N, R508W, G581S, V550M and L216R (Suzuki et al. 1994, Yang et al. 2000, Dupuis et al. 1996, Aoki et al, 1999, Yang et al. 2001, Morrone et al. 2002).

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db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604598

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db: GENE ONTOLOGY
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db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606332

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db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604287

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relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
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type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604275
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604275

RelationshipXref954
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005462
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref953
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604266
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604266

RelationshipXref952
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005459
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref951
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604261
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604261

Evidence826
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12668767
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9478990
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18256540
comment: AKT1 E17K gain-of-function mutant preserves the ability to phosphorylate GSK3 (Malanga et al. 2008). AKT-mediated phosphorylation inactivates GSK3 and enables WNT-independent stabilization of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) (Haq et al. 2003). AKT-mediated inactivation of GSK3 also triggers changes in glucose metabolism (Ueki et al. 1997).

Evidence825
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9895304
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18954143
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17611497
comment: PIP2-bound AKT1 E17K mutant is constitutively phosphorylated on threonine residue T308 (Carpten et al. 2007, Landgraf et al. 2008), presumably by PIP2-bound PDPK1 (Currie et al. 1999).

Evidence824
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9895304
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18954143
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17611497
comment: A portion of PDPK1 (PDK1) is anchored to the plasma membrane in the absence of PI3K activity through PIP2 binding (Currie et al. 1999). This PIP2-bound PDPK1 is able to bind and phosphorylate PIP2-bound AKT E17K mutants (Carpten et al. 2007, Landgraf et al. 2008) phosphorylated on serine residue S473.

Evidence823
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18954143
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17611497
comment: PIP2-binding AKT1 E17K mutants are anchored to the plasma membrane in the absence of PI3K activity and are constitutively phosphorylated on serine S473, presumably by the TORC2 complex (Carpten et al. 2007, Landgraf et al. 2008).

Evidence829
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10490848
comment: AKT1 E17K gain-of-function mutant is expected to phosphorylate ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2, like the wild-type AKT (Koh et al. 1999), but this has not been experimentally tested.

Evidence828
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12767043
comment: AKT1 E17K gain-of-function mutant is expected to translocate to the nucleus, like the wild-type AKT (Borgatti et al. 2003), but this has not been directly experimentally tested.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15189156
type: PublicationXref
id: 15189156
author: Lorsch, JR
author: Kapp, LD
db: Pubmed
title: The molecular mechanics of eukaryotic translation
source: Annu Rev Biochem 73:657-704
year: 2004

Evidence827
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12150915
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12172553
comment: AKT1 E17K gain-of-function mutant is expected to phosphorylate TSC2 and inhibit it, like the wild-type AKT (Inoki et al. 2002, Manning et al. 2002), but this has not been experimentally tested.

RelationshipXref959
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005457
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Evidence821
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21377628
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18632300
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20435355
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16968212
comment: The process of vision involves two stages; the retinoid cycle which supplies and regenerates the visual chromophore required for vision and phototransduction which propagates the light signal. Defects in the genes involved in the retinoid cycle cause degenerative retinal diseases. These defective genes are described here (for reviews see Travis et al. 2007, Palczewski 2010, Fletcher et al. 2011, den Hollander et al. 2008).

Evidence822
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18954143
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17611497
comment: Substitution of glutamic acid with lysine at position 17 of AKT1 results in constitutive plasma membrane localization of AKT1, independent of PI3K activity and PIP3 generation (Carpten et al. 2007). This constitutive plasma membrane targeting of AKT1 E17K mutant is due to an increased affinity for PIP2 (Landgraf et al. 2008).

Evidence820
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21111842
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8382952
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21350678
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22074928
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11340090
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20188572
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16011460
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22658984
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22074927
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15384919
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16688755
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20430952
comment: Visual phototransduction is the process by which photon absorption by visual pigment molecules in photoreceptor cells is converted to an electrical cellular response. The events in this process are photochemical, biochemical and electrophysiological and are highly conserved across many species. This process occurs in two types of photoreceptors in the retina, rods and cones. Each type consists of two parts, the outer segment which detects a photon signal and the inner segment which contains the necessary machinery for cell metabolism. Each type of cell functions differently. Rods are very light sensitive but their flash response is slow so they work best in twilight conditions but are not good at detecting objects moving quickly. Cones are less light-sensitive and have a fast flash response so they work best in daylight conditions and are better at detecting fast moving objects than rods. The visual pigment consists of a chromophore (11-cis-retinal, 11cRAL, A1) covalently attached to a GPCR opsin family member. The linkage is via a Schiff base forming retinylidene protein. Upon photon absorption, 11cRAL isomerises to all-trans retinal (atRAL), changing the conformation of opsin to an activated form which can activate the regulatory G protein transducin (Gt). The alpha subunit of Gt activates phosphodiesterase which hydrolyses cGMP to 5'-GMP. As high level of cGMP keep cGMP-gated sodium channels open, the lowering of cGMP levels closes these channels which causes hyperpolarization of the cell and subsequently, closure of voltage-gated calcium channels. As calcium levels drop, the level of the neurotransmitter glutamate also drops causing depolarization of the cell. This effectively relays the light signal to postsynaptic neurons as electrical signal (Burns & Pugh 2010, Korenbrot 2012, Pugh & Lamb 1993). 11cRAL cannot be synthesised in vertebrates. Vitamin A from many dietary sources is the precursor for 11cRAL. It is taken from food in the form of esters such as reti…

RelationshipXref950
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005456
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref967
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006833
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref966
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604134
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604134

RelationshipXref969
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0003091
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref968
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603771
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603771

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10358080
type: PublicationXref
id: 10358080
author: Thiele, D J
author: Liu, P C
db: Pubmed
title: Modulation of human heat shock factor trimerization by the linker domain
source: J. Biol. Chem. 274:17219-25
year: 1999

RelationshipXref963
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015254
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21078816
type: PublicationXref
id: 21078816
author: Mooi, Wolter J
author: Michaloglou, Chrysiis
author: Peeper, Daniel S
author: Kuilman, Thomas
db: Pubmed
title: The essence of senescence
source: Genes Dev. 24:2463-79
year: 2010

RelationshipXref962
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604127
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604127

RelationshipXref965
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015265
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref964
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604129
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604129

UnificationXref8192
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600248
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600248

Evidence835
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9771710
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22248338
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21552327
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21356517
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15930137
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9931343
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20538597
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12958597
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23913475
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19469843
comment: Lafora disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with onset typically late in childhood, characterized by seizures and progressive neurological deterioration and death within ten years of onset. Recessive mutations in EPM2A (laforin) and NHLRC1 (malin) have been identified as causes of the disease. The disease is classified here as one of glycogen storage as EPM2A (laforin) and NHLRC1 (malin) regulate normal glycogen turnover and defects in either protein are associated with the formation of Lafora bodies, accumulations of abnormal, insoluble glycogen molecules in tissues including brain, muscle, liver, and heart (Ramachandran et al. 2009; Roach et al. 2012). Consistent with a central role for glycogen accumulation in the disease, reduced (Turnbull et al. 2011) or absent (Pederson et al. 2013) glycogen synthase activity prevents Lafora Disease in mouse models. Type 2A disease. EPM2A (laforin) associated with cytosolic glycogen granules, normally catalyzes the removal of the phosphate groups added rarely but consistently to growing glycogen molecules (Tagliabracci et al. 2011). Defects in this catalytic activity lead to the formation of phosphorylated glycogen molecules that are insoluble and that show abnormal branching patterns (Minassian et al. 1998, Serratosa et al. 1999, Tagliabracci et al. 2011). Type 2B disease. NHLRC1 (malin) normally mediates polyubiquitination of EPM2A (laforin) and PPP1R3C (PTG). The two polyubiquitinated proteins are targeted for proteasome-mediated degradation, leaving a glycogen-glycogenin particle associated with glycogen synthase. In the absence of NHLRC1 activity, EPM2A and PPP1R3C proteins appear to persist, associated with the formation of abnormal, stable glycogen granules (Lafora bodies) (Chan et al. 2003; Gentry et al. 2005). In NHLRC1 knockout mice PPP1R3C levels are unchanged rather than increased, suggesting that NHLRC1 does not target PPP1R3C for degradation. However, EPM2A protein levels are increased in this knoc…

UnificationXref8193
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_209333
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_209333.2

Evidence834
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18772396
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19935646
comment: Somatic mutations affecting arginine residue 132 of IDH1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, a cytosolic enzyme that normally catalyzes the NADP+-dependent conversion of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate), are very commonly found in human glioblastomas (Parsons et al. 2008). These mutant proteins efficiently catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of 2-oxoglutarate to form 2-hydroxyglutarate. Cells expressing the mutant protein accumulate elevated levels of 2-hydroxyglutarate, probably in the cytosol as IDH1 is a cytosolic enzyme. The fate of the 2-hydroxyglutarate is unclear, but the high frequency with which the mutation is found in surveys of primary tumors is consistent with the possibility that it is advantageous to the tumor cells (Dang et al 2009).

UnificationXref8194
type: UnificationXref
id: 110289
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110289

Evidence837
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13852753
comment: Defects in AMN cause recessive hereditary megaloblastic anemia 1 (RH-MGA1 aka MGA1 Norwegian type or Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome, I-GS; MIM:261100). The Norwegian cases described by Imerslund were due to defects in AMN (Imerslund 1960). The resultant malabsorption of Cbl (vitamin B12) leads to impaired B12-dependent folate metabolism and ultimately impaired thymine synthesis and DNA replication.

UnificationXref8195
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5776
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5776.2

Evidence836
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref1514
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19118303
comment: The regulated turnover of glycogen plays a central, tissue-specific role in the maintenance of blood glucose levels and in the provision of glucose to tissues such as muscle and brain in response to stress. Defects in the enzymes involved in glycogen turnover are associated with abnormal responses to fasting and exercise that can differ widely in their presentation and severity. Additional symptoms can be the result of accumulation of abnormal products of glycogen metabolism (www.ommbid.com). In this initial release, we have annotated two forms of myoclonic epilepsy of Lafora that are due to defects in proteins required for the turnover of the low levels of phosphoglycogen that accumulate in many tissues of the body. This module will be extended in future releases to cover diseases due to deficiencies in GYG1, the ubiquitously expressed form of glycogenin (GSD type XV), GYS2 and GYS1, the liver-specific and ubiquitously expressed forms of glycogen synthase (GSD type 0), GBE1, the single form of branching enzyme (GSD type IV), and in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated phosphatase (G6PC) and transporter (SLC37A4) required for export of glucose geneated by glycogen breakdown in liver (GSD type 1a and 1b, respectively). Severe congenital neutropenia type 4 (SCN4) is included in this group because its molecular basis is loss of glucose 6-phosphatase 3 (G6PC3) activity (Boztug et al. 2009). G6PC3 is a ubiquitously expressed isozyme of G6PC, the enzyme whose deficiency is the cause of glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD 1a).

UnificationXref8196
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600249
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600249

Evidence839
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19373259
comment: Defective transcobalamin II (produced by the TCN2 gene) results in TCN2 deficiency (MIM:275350), an autosomal recessive disorder with early-onset in infancy characterized by failure to thrive, megaloblastic anemia, and pancytopenia. If left untreated, the disorder can result in mental retardation and neurologic abnormalities (Haberle et al. 2009).

UnificationXref8197
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600251
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600251

Evidence838
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13828999
comment: Defects in the CUBN gene cause recessive hereditary megaloblastic anemia 1 (RH-MGA1 aka MGA1 Finnish type or Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome, I-GS; MIM:261100). The Finnish cases described by Grasbeck et al. were caused by defects in CUBN (Grasbeck et al. 1960). The resultant malabsorption of Cbl (cobalamin, vitamin B12) leads to impaired B12-dependent folate metabolism and ultimately impaired thymine synthesis and DNA replication.

UnificationXref8198
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_213368
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213368.2

UnificationXref8199
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600253
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600253

Evidence830
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19644473
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14617782
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20489726
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22025163
comment: AKT inhibitors bind AKT and prevent its association with the membrane, thereby blocking AKT activation (Kondapaka et al. 2003, Yap et al. 2011, Berndt et al. 2010). AKT inhibitors annotated here target all AKT isoforms (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3). None of the annotated inhibitors are AKT E17K mutant specific and none of them have been approved for clinical use. For a recent review, please refer to Liu et al. 2009.

L-alpha-Aminoadipic acid
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: L-2-Aminoadipate
name: L-2-Aminoadipate [ChEBI:17082]
name: L-2-Aminoadipic acid
name: L-alpha-Aminoadipate
xref: UnificationXref4531

Evidence831
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17604717
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17626883
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21430697
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19644473
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19487573
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10555148
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18317450
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10866302
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18079394
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20009532
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18954143
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17611497
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16339315
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9467011
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9326929
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21478295
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20713702
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19962665
comment: Class IA PI3K is a heterodimer of a p85 regulatory subunit (encoded by PIK3R1, PIK3R2 or PIK3R3) and a p110 catalytic subunit (encoded by PIK3CA, PIK3CB or PIK3CD). In the absence of activating signals, the regulatory subunit stabilizes the catalytic subunit while inhibiting its activity. The complex becomes activated when extracellular signals stimulate the phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domains of transmembrane receptors or receptor-associated proteins. The p85 regulatory subunit binds phosphorylated motifs of activator proteins, which induces a conformational change that relieves p85-mediated inhibition of the p110 catalytic subunit and enables PI3K to phosphorylate PIP2 to form PIP3. The phosphoinositide kinase activity of PI3K is opposed by the phosphoinositide phosphatase activity of PTEN. PIP3 acts as a messenger that recruits PDPK1 (PDK1) and AKT (AKT1, AKT2 or AKT3) to the plasma membrane. PDPK1 also possesses a low affinity for PIP2, so small amounts of PDPK1 are always present at the membrane. Binding of AKT to PIP3 induces a conformational change that enables TORC2 complex to phosphorylate AKT at a conserved serine residue (S473 in AKT1). Phosphorylation at the serine residue enables AKT to bind to PDPK1 and exposes a conserved threonine residue (T308) that is phosphorylated by PDPK1. AKT phosphorylated at both serine and threonine residues dissociates from the plasma membrane and acts as a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates a number of cytosolic and nuclear targets involved in regulation of cell metabolism, survival and gene expression. For a recent review, please refer to Manning and Cantley, 2007. Signaling by PI3K/AKT is frequently constitutively activated in cancer. This activation can be via gain-of-function mutations in PI3KCA (encoding catalytic subunit p110alpha), PIK3R1 (encoding regulatory subunit p85alpha) and AKT1. The PI3K/AKT pathway can also be constitutively activated by loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes s…

Hexose transport
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 244424.1
evidence: Evidence76
xref: RelationshipXref38
xref: UnificationXref923
xref: UnificationXref924
pathway order: PathwayStep72
display name: Hexose uptake
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence832
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21430697
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19644473
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17604717
comment: This pathway describes how normal signaling by PI3K/AKT, presented in the contained module 'PIP3 Activates AKT Signaling' and recently reviewed by Manning and Cantley in 2007, is perturbed in cancer, as described in the contained module 'Constitutive Signaling by PI3K/AKT'. Please refer to Liu et al. 2009 and Hollander et al. 2011 for recent reviews.

Evidence833
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19935646
comment: Mutant forms of IDH1 in which the arginine residue at position 132 has been replaced by histidine, cystine, leucine, or serine catalyze the reaction of 2-oxoglutarate and NADPH + H+ to form (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate and NADP+. Like normal IDH1, the mutant enzyme forms a dimer located in the cytosol (Dang et al. 2009). Such mutations occur frequently as a somatic event in human glioblastomas (Parsons et al. 2008). Cells expressing the mutant protein accumulate elevated levels of 2-hydroxyglutarate, probably in the cytosol as IDH1 is a cytosolic enzyme. The fate of the 2-hydroxyglutarate is unclear, but the high frequency with which the mutation is found in surveys of primary tumors is consistent with the possibility that it is advantageous to the tumor cells (Dang et al. 2009).

RelationshipXref960
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604281
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604281

RelationshipXref961
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015250
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Evidence807
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21235449
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9443878
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8650226
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11668611
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis III (Sanfilippo syndrome) was described in 1963 by a pediatrician named Sylvester Sanfilippo (J. Pediat. 63: 837838, 1963, no reference). MPS IIIB (Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB, MPS IIIB, Sanfilippo syndrome type B; MIM:252920) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder due to loss of function of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU; MIM:609701), involved in the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetylglucosamine residues in heparan sulfate (HS) The gene encoding NAGLU was cloned in 1996 by Zhao and colleagues. It contains 6 exons and spans 8.3 kb on chromosome 17q21 (Zhao et al. 1996). MPSIIIB is characterized by severe CNS retardation but only mild somatic disease and death usually occurs in the second or third decade of life (Zhao et al. 1996, Yogalingam & Hopwood 2001, de Ruijter et al. 2011). MPS IIIB shows extensive molecular heterogeneity (Schmidtchen et al. 1998).

Evidence808
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/153835
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21235449
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17033958
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16960811
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19479962
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/33384
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis III (Sanfilippo syndrome) was described in 1963 by a pediatrician named Sylvester Sanfilippo (J. Pediat. 63: 837838, 1963, no reference). Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC (MPS IIIC, Sanfilippo syndrome C; MIM:252930) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder due to the loss of heparan alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT; MIM:610453) that normally acetylates the non-reducing terminal alpha-glucosamine residue of heparan sulfate. The molecular defects underlying MPS IIIC remained unknown for almost three decades due to the low tissue content and instability of HGSNAT. But, during the last decade, the gene was cloned in parallel by two different groups and shown to contain 18 exons and span approximately 62Kb (Fan et al. 2006, Hrebicek et al. 2006). Loss of HGSNAT results in build up of this glycosaminglycan (GAG) in cells and tissues and is characterized by severe central nervous system degeneration but only with mild somatic disease and death occurs typically during the second or third decade of life (Kresse et al. 1978, Klein et al. 1978, Feldhammer et al. 2009, de Ruijter et al. 2011).

Evidence805
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8490623
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1901826
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18038146
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8244397
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19979883
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21235446
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II, Hunter syndrome, MIM:309900) is an X-linked, recessive genetic disorder which therefore primarily affects males. MPS II was first described in 1917, by Major Charles Hunter (Hunter 1917) and is caused by a deficiency (or absence) of iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS, MIM:300823), which would normally hydrolyse the 2-sulfate groups of the L-iduronate 2-sulfate units of dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and heparin. Without IDS, these GAGs accumulate in the body and are excessively excreted in urine. Although the disease was known since the early 1970s, being the first MPS to be defined clinically in humans, it wasn't until the 1990s that IDS was cloned. It is now known to be localized to Xq28 (Wilson et al. 1991) and contain 9 exons (Flomen et al. 1993) spanning approximately 24 kb (Wilson et al. 1993). Build up can occur in the liver and spleen as well as in the walls and valves of the heart (reduced hepatic and cardiac function, liver/spleen hepatosplenomegaly), airways (leading to obstructive airway disease), all major joints and bones (joint stiffness and skeletal deformities) and in brain (severe mental retardation). The rate of progression and degree of severity of the disorder can be different for each person with MPS II. Severe forms of the disorder can result in death in childhood whereas those with a "milder" form can expect to live to their 20's or 30's. Some patients even survive into their fifth and sixth decades of life (Wraith et al. 2008, Beck 2011).

Evidence806
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21235449
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7493035
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8946167
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11668611
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6796310
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis III (MPS III, Sanfilippo syndrome) was described in 1963 by a pediatrician named Sylvester Sanfilippo (J. Pediat. 63: 837-838, 1963, no reference). Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (MPS IIIA, Sanfilippo syndrome A, MIM:252900) is a rare, autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease characterised by severe CNS degeneration in early childhood leading to death between 10 and 20 years of age. A deficiency of the enzyme N-sulphoglucosamine sulphohydrolase (SGSH, MIM:605270), which normally hydrolyses the sulfate group from the terminal N-sulphoglucosamine residue of heparan sulfate (HS), leads to the build-up of HS in cells and tissues and its presence in urine (van de Kamp et al. 1981, Yogalingam & Hopwood 2001, de Ruijter et al. 2011). The gene encoding N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase, SGSH, was cloned in 1995 (Scott et al.1995) and, later, shown to contain 8 exons spanning approximately 11 kb (Karageorgos et al. 1996).

Evidence803
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15606768
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20301677
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8892014
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2116554
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1583868
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17356132
comment: Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) catalyzes the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. In the absence of functional PAH, phenylalanine accumulates to high levels in the blood (Mitchell and Scriver 2010) and is converted to phenylpyruvate and phenyllactate (Clemens et al. 1990; Langenbeck et al. 1992). The extent of these conversions is modulated by genetic factors distinct from PAH, as siblings with the identical PAH defect can produce different amounts of them (Treacy et al. 1996). Both L-amino acid oxidase (Boulland et al. 2004) and Kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3 (Han et al. 2004) can catalyze the conversion of phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate and lactate dehydrogenase can catalyze the conversion of the latter molecule to phenyllactate (Meister 1951). Elevated levels of phenylalanine, phenylpyruvate, and phenyllactate are all thought to contribute to the symptoms of phenylketonuria. One possible target is the metabolism of kynurenine.

Evidence804
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22527994
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/13629198
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4112371
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1505961
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I, Hurler syndrome, Hurler's disease, gargoylism, Scheie, Hirler-Scheie syndrome; MIM:607014, 607015 and 607016) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder where there is a deficiency of alpha-L iduronidase (IDUA, MIM:252800), a glycosidase that removes non-reducing terminal alpha-L-iduronide residues during the lysosomal degradation of the glycosaminoglycans heparan sulphate and dermatan sulphate (McKusick 1959). In 1992, Scott and colleagues were able to clone and purify the gene that encodes this enzyme, IDUA, demonstrating that it spans approximately 19 kb and contains 14 exons (Scott et al. 1992). Hurler syndrome is named after a German paediatrician Gertrud Hurler (1919, no reference available). The result is build up of heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate in the body and increased urinary excretion of these GAGs. Symptoms and signs include hepatosplenomegaly, dwarfism, unique facial features, corneal clouding, retinopathy, progressive mental retardation appears during childhood and early death can occur due to organ damage (Campos & Monaga 2012). MPS I is divided into three subtypes, ranging from severe to mild phenotypes; Mucopolysaccharidosis type IH (MPSIH, Hurler syndrome, MIM:607014), mucopolysaccharidosis type IH/S (MPSIH/S, HurlerScheie syndrome, MIM: 607015) and mucopolysaccharidosis type IS (MPSIS, Scheie syndrome, MIM: 607016) respectively (McKusick 1972).

Evidence801
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15364907
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14907689
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16640556
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15606768
comment: CCBL1 (KAT1) catalyzes the reaction of phenylalanine and oxaloacetate to form keto-phenylpyruvate and aspartate. The active form of CCBL1 is a homodimer with one molecule of pyridoxal phosphate bound to each monomer (Rossi et al. 2004). CCBL1 (KAT1) acts on phenylalanine and kynurenine with comparable efficiencies (Han et al. 2004), consistent with the idea that when phenylalanine levels are elevated CCBL1 (KAT1) activity could be a major source of phenylpyruvate. Oxaloacetate is one of several 2-oxoacids that function efficiently in CCBL1-mediated transamination (Han et al. 2004). Notably, neither tyrosine aminotransferase (Sivaraman and Kirsch 2006) nor glutamate-oxaloacetate aminotransferase (Cammarata and Cohen 1951) acts on phenylalanine.

E2F mediated regulation of DNA replication
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: TemplateReaction10
pathway component: REACT 258784.1
pathway component: REACT 242162.1
evidence: Evidence1007
xref: UnificationXref6866
xref: UnificationXref6867
pathway order: PathwayStep997
pathway order: PathwayStep986
pathway order: PathwayStep995
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence802
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15421980
comment: The ability of human lactate dehydrogenase to catalyze the reaction of phenylalanine with NADH + H+ to form phenyllactate and NAD+ is inferred from the properties of bovine heart lactate dehydrogenase (Meister 1951). As these studies were carried out only on the one bovine isoform, the reaction is inferred only for the corresponding human isoform. The reaction rate measured for bovine LDHB acting on phenylpyruvate is approximately 2% of its rate on pyruvate, but could yield appreciable amounts of phenyllactate under conditions of high phenylpyruvate concentration.

UnificationXref390
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09878
db: UniProt

UnificationXref391
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603245
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603245

UnificationXref392
type: UnificationXref
id: 5602287
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602287

UnificationXref393
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603246
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603246

Evidence809
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21235449
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3391615
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9329460
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12573255
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6450420
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis III (Sanfilippo syndrome) was described in 1963 by a pediatrician named Sylvester Sanfilippo (J. Pediat. 63: 837-838, 1963, no reference). Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIID (MPS IIID, Sanfilippo syndrome D, MIM:252940) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder due to the loss of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfatase (GNS; MIM:607664), that hydrolyses the 6-sulfate groups of the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate units of the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) heparan sulfate and keratan sulfate. GNS is localized to chromosome 12q14 and has 14 exons spanning 46 kb (Robertson et al. 1988, Mok et al. 2003). Loss of enzyme activity leads to lysosomal accumulation and urinary excretion of heparan sulfate and N-acetylglucosamine 6-sulfate residues (Mok et al. 2003). Keratan sulphate does not accumulate in MPS IIID, as beta-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulphate can be cleaved by beta-hexosaminidase A (Kresse et al. 1980). This disorder is characterized by progressive mental deterioration but only moderate physical abnormalities and death duing the second or third decade of life, presenting a phenotype similar to MPSIIIA (Jones et al. 1997, de Ruijter et al. 2011).

UnificationXref388
type: UnificationXref
id: 29366
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29366

UnificationXref387
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:18009
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref389
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4609
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4609.3

UnificationXref384
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16480
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref383
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3861
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3861.3

UnificationXref386
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_13183
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_13183.2

UnificationXref385
type: UnificationXref
id: 202124
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=202124

Evidence800
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21711248
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9538690
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9154000
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19247306
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15863030
comment: The pathway 'Signaling by FGFR in disease' shows 'Signaling by FGFR mutants' in parallel with the wild-type pathway 'Signaling by FGFR', allowing users to compare disease and normal events. FGFR mutants and events associated with germline diseases and cancer are highlighted in red. The wild-type pathway is shaded in the background. For detailed pathway summations, please see 'Signaling by FGFR mutants' and 'Signaling by FGFR'.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/24695224
type: PublicationXref
id: 24695224
author: Sanjiv, Kumar
author: Gustafsson, Robert
author: Kalderén, Christina
author: Gustavsson, Anna-Lena
author: Svensson, Richard
author: Loseva, Olga
author: Olofsson, Roger
author: Pham, Therese
author: Granelli, Ingrid
author: Ström, Cecilia E
author: Baranczewski, Pawel
author: Wiita, Elisee
author: Koolmeister, Tobias
author: Häggblad, Maria
author: Wallner, Olov A
author: Berntsson, Ronnie P-A
author: Höglund, Andreas
author: Hagenkort, Anna
author: Schultz, Niklas
author: Johansson, Lars
author: Gad, Helge
author: Johansson, Fredrik
author: Bräutigam, Lars
author: Svensson, Linda M
author: Göktürk, Camilla
author: Martens, Ulf
author: Jemth, Ann-Sofie
author: Axelsson, Hanna
author: Vikingsson, Svante
author: Artursson, Per
author: Hammarström, Lars G J
author: Saleh, Aljona
author: Homan, Evert J
author: Lundbäck, Thomas
author: Henriksson, Martin
author: Lundgren, Bo
author: Vallin, Karl S A
author: Helleday, Thomas
author: Stenmark, Pål
author: Puigvert, Jordi Carreras
author: Jacques-Cordonnier, Marie-Caroline
author: Strömberg, Kia
author: Lundin, Cecilia
author: Jeppsson, Fredrik
author: Desroses, Matthieu
author: Almlöf, Ingrid
author: Altun, Mikael
author: Jensen, Annika Jenmalm
author: Djureinovic, Tatjana
author: Evers, Bastiaan
author: Einarsdottir, Berglind Osk
author: Scobie, Martin
author: Gaugaz, Fabienne Z
author: Jacques, Sylvain A
author: Nilsson, Jonas A
author: Berglund, Ulrika Warpman
author: Eshtad, Saeed
db: Pubmed
title: MTH1 inhibition eradicates cancer by preventing sanitation of the dNTP pool
source: Nature 508:215-21
year: 2014

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/24695225
type: PublicationXref
id: 24695225
author: Bennett, Keiryn L
author: Sanjiv, Kumar
author: Radic, Branka
author: Helleday, Thomas
author: Loizou, Joanna I
author: Stukalov, Alexey
author: Knapp, Stefan
author: Elkins, JM
author: Göktürk, Camilla
author: Salah, Eidarus
author: Pham, Therese
author: Jemth, Ann-Sofie
author: Colinge, Jacques
author: Strömberg, Kia
author: Berglund, Ulrika Warpman
author: Huber, Kilian V M
author: Superti-Furga, Giulio
author: Gridling, Manuela
db: Pubmed
title: Stereospecific targeting of MTH1 by (S)-crizotinib as an anticancer strategy
source: Nature 508:222-7
year: 2014

CREB phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKK
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction749
evidence: Evidence1170
xref: UnificationXref7580
xref: UnificationXref7581
pathway order: PathwayStep1156
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Evidence816
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7644482
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16274222
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17636946
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17114291
comment: All eukaryotic proteins synthesized in the cytosol are initiated by methionine (Met). For the maturation of many proteins, the removal of N-terminal Met is essential and is mediated by methionine-aminopeptidases (METAPs). In human, there are two forms, METAP1 and 2 (Arfin et al. 1995). These enzymes utilise 2 cobalt ions (Co2+) as cofactors (Addlagatta et al. 2005, Hu et al. 2006, Marino et al. 2007).

Evidence817
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9353336
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9506952
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3006923
comment: After removal of the N-terminal methionine (Met) residue, the enzymes glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase 1 and 2 (NMT1 and 2) mediate the transfer of the myristoyl (MYS) group from myristoyl-CoA to the now N-terminal glycine (Gly) residue of transducin's alpha subunit (GNAT1) (Glover et al. 1997, Giang & Cravatt 1998). Myristoylation is thought to aid enzyme function and localization. Evidence from chicken experiments suggest non-myristoylated proteins do not bind to membranes (Kamps et al. 1986).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20060739
type: PublicationXref
id: 20060739
author: Sheftel, Alex
author: Stehling, Oliver
author: Lill, R
db: Pubmed
title: Iron-sulfur proteins in health and disease
source: Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 21:302-14
year: 2010

Evidence818
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22658984
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20430952
comment: To terminate the single photon response and restore the system to its basal state, the three activated intermediates in phototransduction, rhodopsin (MII), transducin alpha subunit with GTP bound (GNAT1-GTP) and phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6) all need to be efficiently deactivated. In addition, the cGMP concentrations must be restored to support reopening of the CNG channels. This section describes the inactivation and recovery events of the activated intermediates involved in phototransduction (Burns & Pugh 2010, Korenbrot 2012).

Evidence819
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22658984
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20192770
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20430952
comment: The visual pigment (rhodopsin in rods) consists of an 11-cis-retinal (11cRAL) chromophore covalently attached to a GPCR opsin family member via a Schiff base linkage. Upon photon absorption, 11cRAL isomerizes to all trans retinal (atRAL), changing the conformation of opsin to a form that can activate the regulatory G protein transducin (Gt). The alpha subunit of Gt activates phosphodiesterase which hydrolyses cGMP to 5'-GMP. A high level of cGMP keeps cGMP-gated cation channels open, so lower cGMP levels close these channels and hyperpolarize the cell. The hyperpolarization spreads passively to the synapse located at the opposite end of the rod, where it subsequently closes voltage-gated calcium channels. Vesicular release of the neurotransmitter glutamate subsides as the intracellular calcium levels drop. This diminution of neurotransmitter release relays the light signal to postsynaptic neurons. The events below describe activation, inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade in rods (Burns & Pugh 2010, Korenbrot 2012, Smith 2010).

Evidence812
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/6467990
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14091597
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17458871
xref: PublicationXref1437
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20385007
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI, Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, polydystrophic dwarfism; MIM:253200) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in arylsulfatase B (ARSB, N-acetyl-galactosamine 4-sulfatase; MIM:611542). It is named after two French physicians, Pierre Maroteaux and Maurice Emil Joseph Lamy. Maroteaux first described this disorder as a novel dysostosis associated with increased urinary excretion of chondroitin sulfate (CS; Maroteaux et al. 1963). The gene encoding ARSB is mapped to chromosome 5q11-q13 (Fidzianska et al. 1984) and contains 8 exons spanning about 206 kb (Karangeorgos et al. 2007). Defective ARSB results in build up of dermatan sulfate (DS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) in soft tissues causing compression and blockages in blood vessels, nerves, trachea, corneal clouding and disrupting normal bone development. Symptoms are similar to MPS I but with normal intelligence generally (Rapini et al. 2007, Valayannopoulos et al. 2010).

Evidence813
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7680524
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12522561
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4265197
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19224584
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8644704
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2347593
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8565635
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII, Sly syndrome, beta-glucuronidase deficiency; MIM:253220) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease characterized by a deficiency of the enzyme beta-glucuronidase (GUSB; MIM:611499) which would normally cleave glucuronide residues from dematan sulphate, keratan sulphate and chondroitin sulphate, resulting in build up of these GAGs in cells and tissues (Sly et al. 1973). The gene encoding GUSB is 21 kb long, contains 12 exons and gives rise to two different types of cDNAs, through an alternate splicing mechanism (Miller et al. 1990). It maps to 7q11.21-q11.22 (Speleman et al. 1996). The phenotype is highly variable, ranging from severe causing death, non-immune hydrops fetalis (Vervoort et al. 1996) to mild forms with survival into adulthood (Storch et al. 2003). Most patients with the intermediate phenotype show hepatomegaly, skeletal anomalies, coarse facies, and variable degrees of mental impairment (Shipley et al. 1993, Tomatsu et al. 2009).

Evidence814
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10339581
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8793927
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis type IX (MPS IX, Natowicz syndrome, Hyaluronidase deficiency, MIM:601492) is a rare lysosomal storage disease characterized by high hyaluronan (HA) concentration in the serum resulting from deficiency in hyaluronidase 1 (HYAL1, MIM:607071) which normally hydrolyses 1-4 linkages between N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and D-glucuronate (GlcA) residues. Symptoms of MPS IX are periodically painful soft tissue masses around the joints, acquired short stature and erosion of the hip joint, although joint movement and intelligence are normal (Natowicz et al. 1996, Triggs-Raine et al. 1999).

Evidence815
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22210669
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22210670
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22013531
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19111581
xref: PublicationXref1451
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16414358
comment: The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of rare, inherited lysosomal storage disorders caused by deficiencies of enzymes catalyzing the stepwise degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs, originally called mucopolysaccharides) (Neufeld & Muenzer in Scriver et al. 2001). Catabolism of the GAGs dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, heparin, keratan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate or hyaluronan may be blocked at one or more steps, resulting in lysosomal accumulation of GAG fragments of varying size. Over time these collect in the cells, blood and connective tissues ultimately resulting in progressive irreversible cellular damage which affects appearance, physical abilities, organ and system function, vision, and usually mental development (Lehman et al. 2011, Ashworth et al. 2006). Life expectancy is also reduced. There are 11 known enzyme deficiencies that give rise to 7 distinct MPS. These disorders are biochemically characterized by elevated levels of partially or undegraded GAGs in lysosomes, blood, urine and cerebro-spinal fluid (Muenzer 2011, Coutinho et al. 2012). The MPS are part of the lysosomal storage disease family, a group of about 50 genetic disorders caused by deficient lysosomal proteins (Ballabio & Gieselmann 2009).

UnificationXref399
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_245937
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_245937.1

UnificationXref398
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607659
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607659

UnificationXref397
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_231736
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_231736.1

UnificationXref396
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603249
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603249

UnificationXref395
type: UnificationXref
id: MI:0355
db: MI

UnificationXref394
type: UnificationXref
id: 5603247
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603247

Evidence811
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17309651
xref: PublicationXref1432
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7693577
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3143362
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10571006
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1909089
comment: Defects in beta-galactosidase (GLB1; MIM:611458) can result in GM1 gangliosidosis (GM1; MIM:230500) (Nishimoto et al. 1991) (not described here), with several phenotypes indicating mental deterioration, as well as in mucopolysaccharidosis IVB, a characteristic mucopolysaccharidosis with no neurological symptoms (Callahan 1999). Mucopolysaccharidosis IVB (MPS IVB, Morquio's syndrome B; MIM:253010) is a rare, autosomal recessive mucopolysaccharide storage disease characterized by intracellular accumulation of keratan sulfate (KS), skeletal dysplasia and corneal clouding. There is no central nervous system involvement, intelligence is normal and there is increased KS excretion in urine (Suzuki et al. "Beta-galactosidase deficiency (beta-galactosidosis): GM1 gangliosidosis and Morquio B disease", p3775-3809 in Stryer et al. 2001). MPSIVB is caused by a defect in betagalactosidase (GLB1), which normally cleaves terminal galactosyl residues from glycosaminoglycans, gangliosides and glycoproteins. The GLB1 gene spans 62.5 kb and contains 16 exons (Oshima et al.1988, Santamaria et al. 2007) and maps to chromosome 3p21.33 (Takano & Yamanouchi 1993).

Evidence810
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8001980
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8020961
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21506915
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18456538
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8325655
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/4218100
comment: Mucopolysaccharidosis IV A (MPS IVA, MPS4A, Morquio's syndrome, Morquio's; MIM:253000) is a rare, autosomal recessive mucopolysaccharide storage disease, first described simultaneously in 1929 by L Morquio (Morquio L, Sur une forme de distrophie familiale, Bull Soc Pediat, Paris, 27, 1929, 145-152) and JF Brailsford (Brailsford, JF, Chondro-osteo-dystrophy: roentgenographic and clinical features of child with dislocation of vertebrae, Am j Surg, 7, 1929, 404-410). MPSIVA is caused by a deficiency in N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfatase (GALNS; MIM:612222) which normally hydrolyses 6-sulfate groups of N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate units of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and of galactose 6-sulfate units of keratan sulfate (KS) (Matalon et al. 1974). The result is accumulation of KS/DS in cells and overexcretion in urine. Severe osteochondrodysplasia is a commonly seen phenotype for this disease. The severity of the disease is variable but severe cases limits lifespan to their 20's or 30's (Prat et al. 2008, Tomatsu et al. 2011). The gene coding for human GALNS was mapped to chromosome 16q24.3 (Masuno et al. 1993) and its structure described at the same time by two independent groups as comprising 14 exons and spanning approximately 40-50 kb (Nakashima et al.1994, Morris et al.1994).

RelationshipXref999
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000083
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UniProt:P36623
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1046
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

RelationshipXref997
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0007094
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref998
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0000075
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UniProt:P36621
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref586
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref370
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607447
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607447

RelationshipXref995
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006260
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref371
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_247314
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_247314.1

RelationshipXref996
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0051436
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref362
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600634
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600634

RelationshipXref994
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5599549
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599549

UnificationXref361
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600632
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600632

RelationshipXref993
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5601140
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5601140

UnificationXref364
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600637
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600637

RelationshipXref992
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597570
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597570

UnificationXref363
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600636
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600636

RelationshipXref991
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597586
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597586

UnificationXref366
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600639
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600639

RelationshipXref990
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5597576
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5597576

UnificationXref365
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600638
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600638

UniProt:P36617
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8334
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref368
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607446
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607446

UnificationXref367
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_202605
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_202605.2

UnificationXref369
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_246473
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_246473.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11435397
type: PublicationXref
id: 11435397
author: Allikmets, R
author: Dean, M
author: Rzhetsky, A
db: Pubmed
title: The human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily
source: Genome Res 11:1156-66
year: 2001

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/183598
type: PublicationXref
id: 183598
author: Clark, P
author: Edwards, YH
author: Harris, H
db: Pubmed
title: Isozymes of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in man and other mammals.
source: Ann Hum Genet 40:67-77
year: 1976

UniProt:P36630
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6693
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref381
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16349
db: ChEBI

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/183599
type: PublicationXref
id: 183599
author: Hers, Henri-Gery
db: Pubmed
title: The control of glycogen metabolism in the liver
source: Annu Rev Biochem 45:167-89
year: 1976

UnificationXref382
type: UnificationXref
id: 29968
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29968

UnificationXref380
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2991
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2991.3

UnificationXref375
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16467
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref374
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5251
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5251.2

UnificationXref373
type: UnificationXref
id: 29368
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29368

UnificationXref372
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:15379
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref379
type: UnificationXref
id: 29364
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29364

UnificationXref378
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16474
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref377
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2911
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2911.2

UnificationXref376
type: UnificationXref
id: 29468
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29468

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12440953
type: PublicationXref
id: 12440953
author: Kruys, V
author: Huez, G
author: Gueydan, C
author: Zhang, T
db: Pubmed
title: AU-rich element-mediated translational control: complexity and multiple activities of trans-activating factors
source: Biochem Soc Trans 30:952-8
year: 2002

UnificationXref349
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598639
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598639

UnificationXref347
type: UnificationXref
id: P31209
db: UniProt

UnificationXref348
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600628
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600628

UnificationXref345
type: UnificationXref
id: O14369
db: UniProt

UnificationXref346
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598640
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598640

UnificationXref343
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598599
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598599

UnificationXref344
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598619
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598619

UnificationXref341
type: UnificationXref
id: P79083
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8109
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607379
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607379

UnificationXref342
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598566
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598566

SequenceSite1799
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 339

UnificationXref340
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598578
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598578

UnificationXref8105
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3196
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3196.1

UnificationXref8106
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600202
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600202

UnificationXref8107
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600203
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600203

UnificationXref8108
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215541
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215541.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18651836
type: PublicationXref
id: 18651836
author: Agius, L
db: Pubmed
title: Glucokinase and molecular aspects of liver glycogen metabolism
source: Biochem. J. 414:1-18
year: 2008

UnificationXref8101
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600206
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600206

UnificationXref8102
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600207
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600207

UnificationXref8103
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227482
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227482.2

UnificationXref8104
type: UnificationXref
id: 110176
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110176

UnificationXref8100
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2338
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2338.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10744726
type: PublicationXref
id: 10744726
author: Corfas, G
author: Buxbaum, JD
author: Rio, C
author: Peschon, JJ
db: Pubmed
title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme is required for cleavage of erbB4/HER4
source: J Biol Chem 275:10379-87
year: 2000

UnificationXref358
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598635
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598635

UnificationXref359
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600629
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600629

UnificationXref354
type: UnificationXref
id: P47943
db: UniProt

UnificationXref355
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598624
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598624

UnificationXref356
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598625
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598625

UnificationXref357
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598626
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598626

UnificationXref350
type: UnificationXref
id: P78954
db: UniProt

SequenceSite1788
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref351
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598630
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598630

SequenceSite1789
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 482

UnificationXref352
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10475
db: UniProt

UnificationXref353
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598634
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598634

SequenceSite1796
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 339

SequenceSite1795
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref360
type: UnificationXref
id: MOD:00696
db: MOD

SequenceSite1798
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1797
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 766

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9649503
type: PublicationXref
id: 9649503
author: Losada, A
author: Hirano, T
author: Hirano, M
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of Xenopus SMC protein complexes required for sister chromatid cohesion
source: Genes Dev. 12:1986-97
year: 1998

SequenceSite1792
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

RelationshipXref903
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0016197
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

SequenceSite1791
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 226

RelationshipXref902
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006892
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9649501
type: PublicationXref
id: 9649501
author: Morimoto, R I
author: Satyal, S H
author: Chen, D
author: Fox, S G
author: Kramer, J M
db: Pubmed
title: Negative regulation of the heat shock transcriptional response by HSBP1
source: Genes Dev. 12:1962-74
year: 1998

SequenceSite1794
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 340

RelationshipXref901
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006890
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

SequenceSite1793
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 400

RelationshipXref900
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0048205
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref907
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015232
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

RelationshipXref906
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0061024
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

SequenceSite1790
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 222

RelationshipXref905
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605070
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605070

RelationshipXref904
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605094
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605094

RelationshipXref909
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605060
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605060

RelationshipXref908
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603012
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603012

UnificationXref327
type: UnificationXref
id: O43060
db: UniProt

UnificationXref328
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598574
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598574

UnificationXref325
type: UnificationXref
id: O14164
db: UniProt

UnificationXref326
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598594
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598594

UnificationXref329
type: UnificationXref
id: O74760
db: UniProt

SequenceSite1779
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

UnificationXref320
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598394
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598394

SequenceSite1777
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1807

SequenceSite1778
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref323
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598399
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598399

UnificationXref324
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598562
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598562

UnificationXref321
type: UnificationXref
id: O42984
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14624363
type: PublicationXref
id: 14624363
author: Bruford, EA
author: Hediger, MA
author: Rolfs, A
author: Romero, MF
author: Takanaga, H
author: Peng, JB
db: Pubmed
title: The ABCs of solute carriers: physiological, pathological and therapeutic implications of human membrane transport proteinsIntroduction
source: Pflugers Arch 447:465-8
year: 2004

UnificationXref322
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598398
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598398

UnificationXref8123
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600213
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600213

SequenceSite1783
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9736715
type: PublicationXref
id: 9736715
author: Dedhar, S
author: Rue, L
author: Gray, V
author: Delcommenne, M
author: Woodgett, J
author: Tan, C
db: Pubmed
title: Phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase-dependent regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 and protein kinase B/AKT by the integrin-linked kinase
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:11211-6
year: 1998

UnificationXref8124
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_209633
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_209633.2

SequenceSite1782
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8125
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:17821
db: ChEBI

SequenceSite1781
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

GDP-L-fucose
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: GDP-L-fucose [ChEBI:5221]
xref: UnificationXref6479

UnificationXref8126
type: UnificationXref
id: 29692
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29692

SequenceSite1780
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8127
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4549
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4549.2

SequenceSite1787
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 356

UnificationXref8128
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600214
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600214

SequenceSite1786
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 15

UnificationXref8129
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_202528
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_202528.2

SequenceSite1785
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 482

SequenceSite1784
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8120
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600211
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600211

UnificationXref8121
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_202791
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_202791.2

UnificationXref8122
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600212
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600212

UnificationXref336
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598582
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598582

UnificationXref337
type: UnificationXref
id: O94236
db: UniProt

UnificationXref338
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598590
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598590

UnificationXref339
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10425
db: UniProt

SequenceSite1766
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 9

SequenceSite1767
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref330
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598586
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598586

SequenceSite1768
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 420

UnificationXref331
type: UnificationXref
id: O94513
db: UniProt

SequenceSite1769
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 9

UnificationXref332
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598598
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598598

UnificationXref333
type: UnificationXref
id: P78795
db: UniProt

UnificationXref334
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598570
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598570

UnificationXref335
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9UT48
db: UniProt

UnificationXref8114
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600208
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600208

SequenceSite1770
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8115
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600210
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600210

UnificationXref8112
type: UnificationXref
id: 29554
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29554

SequenceSite1772
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8113
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4654
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4654.2

SequenceSite1771
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 420

UnificationXref8118
type: UnificationXref
id: 110216
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110216

SequenceSite1774
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 939

UnificationXref8119
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5069
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5069.2

SequenceSite1773
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1807

UnificationXref8116
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_213187
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_213187.2

SequenceSite1776
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8117
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:29115
db: ChEBI

SequenceSite1775
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1462

UnificationXref8110
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_220849
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_220849.2

UnificationXref8111
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:17568
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref302
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598428
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598428

UnificationXref301
type: UnificationXref
id: O74893
db: UniProt

UnificationXref300
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598447
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598447

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10327068
type: PublicationXref
id: 10327068
author: Ueno, H
author: Takahashi, T
author: Shibuya, M
db: Pubmed
title: VEGF activates protein kinase C-dependent, but Ras-independent Raf-MEK-MAP kinase pathway for DNA synthesis in primary endothelial cells
source: Oncogene 18:2221-30
year: 1999

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19644473
type: PublicationXref
id: 19644473
author: Zhao, Jean J
author: Roberts, Thomas M
author: Liu, Pixu
author: Cheng, Hailing
db: Pubmed
title: Targeting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway in cancer
source: Nat Rev Drug Discov 8:627-44
year: 2009

Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosis
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 188593.3
pathway component: REACT 193500.3
evidence: Evidence1853
xref: UnificationXref11171
xref: UnificationXref11170
xref: RelationshipXref1426
pathway order: PathwayStep1826
pathway order: PathwayStep1823
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref309
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598390
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598390

UnificationXref308
type: UnificationXref
id: O60144
db: UniProt

UnificationXref307
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598456
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598456

UnificationXref306
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598455
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598455

UnificationXref305
type: UnificationXref
id: P79009
db: UniProt

UnificationXref304
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598451
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598451

UnificationXref303
type: UnificationXref
id: O74172
db: UniProt

(S)-4,5-Dihydroorotate
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: Dihydro-L-orotic acid
name: (S)-Dihydroorotate
name: L-Dihydroorotic acid
name: (S)-Dihydroorotate [ChEBI:17025]
name: L-Dihydroorotate
xref: UnificationXref3668

SequenceSite3027
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8142
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600219
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600219

RelationshipXref937
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603605
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603605

SequenceSite3028
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1720

UnificationXref8141
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3731
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3731.1

RelationshipXref938
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015137
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

SequenceSite3029
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8144
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:35877
db: ChEBI

RelationshipXref939
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603608
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603608

UnificationXref8143
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_203470
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_203470.2

SequenceSite3023
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3024
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 133

SequenceSite3025
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8140
type: UnificationXref
id: 30140
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=30140

SequenceSite3026
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 126

SequenceSite3020
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 346

UnificationXref8149
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:29147
db: ChEBI

RelationshipXref930
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603466
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603466

SequenceSite3021
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

RelationshipXref931
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015382
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

SequenceSite3022
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1135

RelationshipXref932
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603611
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603611

UnificationXref8146
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4993
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4993.2

RelationshipXref933
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603602
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603602

UnificationXref8145
type: UnificationXref
id: 110228
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110228

RelationshipXref934
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015361
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8148
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_204478
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_204478.2

RelationshipXref935
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603616
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603616

UnificationXref8147
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600220
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600220

RelationshipXref936
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015362
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref311
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598516
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598516

UnificationXref310
type: UnificationXref
id: O14277
db: UniProt

UnificationXref313
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598520
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598520

UnificationXref312
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P3T6
db: UniProt

D-Mannose 1-phosphate
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: D-Mannose 1-phosphate [ChEBI:4210]
xref: UnificationXref9465

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19234479
type: PublicationXref
id: 19234479
author: Johnson, E
author: Lewinson, O
author: Rees, DC
db: Pubmed
title: ABC transporters: the power to change
source: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:218-27
year: 2009

UnificationXref319
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7J6
db: UniProt

UnificationXref318
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598375
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598375

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19234477
type: PublicationXref
id: 19234477
author: Güttinger, Stephan
author: Kutay, Ulrike
author: Laurell, Eva
db: Pubmed
title: Orchestrating nuclear envelope disassembly and reassembly during mitosis
source: Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 10:178-91
year: 2009

UnificationXref315
type: UnificationXref
id: O94754
db: UniProt

UnificationXref314
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598521
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598521

UnificationXref317
type: UnificationXref
id: O14150
db: UniProt

SequenceSite3009
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref316
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598405
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598405

SequenceSite3018
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 476

UnificationXref8133
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600217
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600217

7,8-Dimethyl-10-ribitylisoalloxazine
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: Vitamin B2
name: Riboflavin
name: Riboflavin [ChEBI:8843]
name: Lactoflavin
xref: UnificationXref4075

SequenceSite3019
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UnificationXref8132
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600215
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600215

SequenceSite3016
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 597

UnificationXref8131
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3342
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3342.1

RelationshipXref948
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008521
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

Thymidylic acid
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: Deoxythymidylic acid
name: dTMP
name: Thymidylate
name: 5'-Thymidylic acid
name: Thymidine 5'-phosphate
name: Deoxythymidine 5'-phosphate
name: dTMP [ChEBI:17013]
name: Thymidine monophosphate
xref: UnificationXref3721

SequenceSite3017
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8130
type: UnificationXref
id: 110223
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110223

RelationshipXref949
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5604255
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604255

SequenceSite3014
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1970

SequenceSite3015
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

Synthesis of Lipoxins (LX)
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction249
evidence: Evidence356
xref: RelationshipXref366
xref: UnificationXref2827
xref: UnificationXref2828
pathway order: PathwayStep352
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3012
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 124

SequenceSite3013
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3010
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 677

RelationshipXref942
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005381
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

SequenceSite3011
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

RelationshipXref943
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603655
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603655

UnificationXref8139
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:15901
db: ChEBI

RelationshipXref940
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015307
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8138
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_205927
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_205927.2

RelationshipXref941
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603644
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603644

UnificationXref8137
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600218
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600218

RelationshipXref946
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603667
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603667

UnificationXref8136
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4879
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4879.1

RelationshipXref947
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603691
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603691

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18587051
type: PublicationXref
id: 18587051
author: Drohat, Alexander C
author: Morgan, Michael T
author: Maiti, Atanu
author: Pozharski, Edwin
db: Pubmed
title: Crystal structure of human thymine DNA glycosylase bound to DNA elucidates sequence-specific mismatch recognition
source: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:8890-5
year: 2008

UnificationXref8135
type: UnificationXref
id: 110225
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110225

RelationshipXref944
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005385
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8134
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_214557
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_214557.2

RelationshipXref945
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603661
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603661

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10053006
type: PublicationXref
id: 10053006
author: Wasmuth, JJ
author: Thompson, LM
author: Tavormina, PL
author: Jabs, EW
author: Bellus, GA
author: Donoghue, DJ
author: Szabo, J
author: Webster, MK
author: Jiang, W
author: Wilcox, WR
author: Bamshad, MJ
author: Francomano, CA
author: Fraley, AE
author: McIntosh, I
db: Pubmed
title: A novel skeletal dysplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans is caused by a Lys650Met mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene
source: Am J Hum Genet 64:722-31
year: 1999

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12419251
type: PublicationXref
id: 12419251
author: Wuarin, J
author: Nurse, P
author: Buck, V
author: Millar, JB
db: Pubmed
title: Stable association of mitotic cyclin B/Cdc2 to replication origins prevents endoreduplication.
source: Cell 111:419-31
year: 2002

Processing of Intronless Pre-mRNAs
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction887
evidence: Evidence1455
xref: UnificationXref8835
xref: UnificationXref8836
pathway order: PathwayStep1437
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

ChEBI:35366 Fatty Acids
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: Fatty Acids
xref: UnificationXref2155

SequenceSite3001
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8160
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600268
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600268

RelationshipXref919
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015385
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

SequenceSite3002
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1826

SequenceSite3003
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8162
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_206761
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_206761.2

SequenceSite3004
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 161

UnificationXref8161
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600269
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600269

SequenceSite3005
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8164
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_263204
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_263204.1

RelationshipXref915
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603323
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603323

SequenceSite3006
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 800

UnificationXref8163
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607392
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607392

RelationshipXref916
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603328
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603328

SequenceSite3007
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8166
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_254488
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_254488.1

RelationshipXref917
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015368
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

SequenceSite3008
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 800

UnificationXref8165
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607393
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607393

RelationshipXref918
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603334
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603334

UnificationXref8168
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_237227
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_237227.1

RelationshipXref911
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5605114
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5605114

UnificationXref8167
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607394
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607394

RelationshipXref912
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0055085
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

RelationshipXref913
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603316
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603316

UnificationXref8169
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607382
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607382

RelationshipXref914
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0008510
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11257506
type: PublicationXref
id: 11257506
author: Gandour, RD
author: van der Leij, FR
author: Ramsay, RR
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular enzymology of carnitine transfer and transport
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 1546:21-43
year: 2001

SequenceSite3000
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1872

RelationshipXref910
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0043225
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8151
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2487
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2487.2

UnificationXref8150
type: UnificationXref
id: 110233
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110233

UnificationXref8155
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_230314
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_230314.1

RelationshipXref928
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006811
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8154
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607383
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607383

RelationshipXref929
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0005366
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8153
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_210933
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_210933.2

RelationshipXref926
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602744
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602744

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11711427
type: PublicationXref
id: 11711427
author: Wang, X
db: Pubmed
title: The expanding role of mitochondria in apoptosis.
source: Genes Dev 15:2922-33
year: 2001

UnificationXref8152
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600221
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600221

RelationshipXref927
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0006865
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0359

UnificationXref8159
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227387
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227387.2

RelationshipXref924
type: RelationshipXref
id: GO:0015171
db: GENE ONTOLOGY
relationship type: MI:0355

UnificationXref8158
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607381
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607381

RelationshipXref925
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5602749
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5602749

UnificationXref8157
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_205265
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_205265.2

RelationshipXref922
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603346
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603346

UnificationXref8156
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607380
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607380

RelationshipXref923
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603376
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603376

RelationshipXref920
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603350
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603350

RelationshipXref921
type: RelationshipXref
id: 5603353
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
relationship type: RelationshipTypeVocabulary2
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5603353

1-PP-IP4 is phosphorylated to 1,5-(PP)2-IP3 by IP6K1/3 in the cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence155
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1547
xref: UnificationXref1548
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule125
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule126

RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: Formation of the Early Elongation Complex
evidence: Evidence1426
xref: UnificationXref8681
xref: UnificationXref8680
xref: RelationshipXref1144
pathway order: PathwayStep1409
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

I(1,3,4,5,6)P5 is phosphorylated to 5-PP-IP4 by IP6K1/3 in the cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence154
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1541
xref: UnificationXref1540
left: SmallMolecule123
left: SmallMolecule11
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule124

SequenceSite3051
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

1-PP-IP5 is phosphorylated to 1,5-(PP)2-IP4 by IP6K1/2 in the nucleus
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence152
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1529
xref: UnificationXref1530
left: SmallMolecule121
left: SmallMolecule50
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule122
right: SmallMolecule112

SequenceSite3050
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 204

5-PP-IP5 is phosphorylated to 5-PPP-IP5 by IP6K1/2 in the nucleus
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence151
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1522
xref: UnificationXref1521
left: SmallMolecule50
left: SmallMolecule119
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule120
right: SmallMolecule112

SequenceSite3053
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

IP6 is phosphorylated to 5-PP-IP5 by IP6K1/2 in the nucleus
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence150
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1516
xref: UnificationXref1517
left: SmallMolecule50
left: SmallMolecule118
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule112
right: SmallMolecule119

SequenceSite1831
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3052
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 316

5-PP-IP4 is phosphorylated to 1,5-(PP)2-IP3 by IP6K1/2 in the nucleus
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence149
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1509
xref: UnificationXref1508
left: SmallMolecule50
left: SmallMolecule116
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule112
right: SmallMolecule117

SequenceSite1830
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite3055
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

I(1,3,4,5,6)P5 is phosphorylated to 5-PP-IP4 by IP6K1/2 in the nucleus
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence148
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1504
xref: UnificationXref1503
left: SmallMolecule50
left: SmallMolecule113
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule112
right: SmallMolecule116

SequenceSite3054
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 534

I(1,4,5,6)P4 is phosphorylated to I(1,3,4,5,6)P5 by IPMK in the nucleus
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence147
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1494
xref: UnificationXref1495
left: SmallMolecule50
left: SmallMolecule115
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule112
right: SmallMolecule113

SequenceSite3057
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3967
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5419
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5419.2

SequenceSite3056
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 408

UnificationXref3966
type: UnificationXref
id: 110638
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110638

SequenceSite3059
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3969
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5595
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5595.2

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9278442
type: PublicationXref
id: 9278442
author: Shiba, K
author: Musier-Forsyth, K
author: Stello, T
author: Noda, T
author: Motegi, H
author: Schimmel, P
db: Pubmed
title: Human lysyl-tRNA synthetase accepts nucleotide 73 variants and rescues Escherichia coli double-defective mutant
source: J Biol Chem 272:22809-16
year: 1997

SequenceSite3058
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1443

UnificationXref3968
type: UnificationXref
id: 110732
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110732

UnificationXref3963
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_238900
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_238900.1

UnificationXref3962
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604076
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604076

IP6 is phosphorylated to 1-PP-IP5 by PPIP5K1/2 in the cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence157
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1561
xref: UnificationXref1562
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule127
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule129

UnificationXref3965
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3998
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3998.1

IP6 is phosphorylated to 5-PP-IP5 by IP6K1/3 in the cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence156
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1553
xref: UnificationXref1554
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule127
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule128

UnificationXref3964
type: UnificationXref
id: 113525
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113525

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14699511
type: PublicationXref
id: 14699511
author: Meier, PJ
author: Kullak-Ublick, GA
author: Stieger, B
db: Pubmed
title: Enterohepatic bile salt transporters in normal physiology and liver disease
source: Gastroenterology 126:322-42
year: 2004

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8806705
type: PublicationXref
id: 8806705
author: Poulter, CD
author: Hahn, FM
author: Chambers, AF
author: Xuan, JW
db: Pubmed
title: Human isopentenyl diphosphate: dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase: overproduction, purification, and characterization
source: Arch Biochem Biophys 332:30-4
year: 1996

UnificationXref3960
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604075
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604075

SequenceSite1829
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3961
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_257307
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_257307.1

SequenceSite1823
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

5-PP-IP5 is phosphorylated to 5-PPP-IP5 by IP6K1/3 in the cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence158
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1565
xref: UnificationXref1566
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule128
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule130

SequenceSite1824
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1821
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1822
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 17

SequenceSite1827
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1828
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1825
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1826
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite3062
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 782

SequenceSite3061
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UniProt:O42984
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref321
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3060
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 684

SequenceSite3066
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 127

SequenceSite1840
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite3065
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3064
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 127

SequenceSite1842
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite3063
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1841
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3069
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3979
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4471
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4471.2

SequenceSite3068
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 69

UnificationXref3978
type: UnificationXref
id: 110693
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110693

SequenceSite3067
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 71

UnificationXref3977
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3541
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3541.2

UnificationXref3976
type: UnificationXref
id: 110720
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110720

UnificationXref3975
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3368
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3368.2

UnificationXref3974
type: UnificationXref
id: 110668
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110668

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7543319
type: PublicationXref
id: 7543319
author: Hameister, H
author: Poustka, A
author: Bachner, D
author: Korn, B
author: Sedlacek, Z
db: Pubmed
title: Expression patterns of two human genes coding for different rab GDP-dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), extremely conserved proteins involved in cellular transport
source: Hum Mol Genet 4:701-8
year: 1995

UnificationXref3973
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4429
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4429.2

UnificationXref3971
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2983
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2983.2

UnificationXref3972
type: UnificationXref
id: 110680
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110680

UnificationXref3970
type: UnificationXref
id: 110652
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110652

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16650285
type: PublicationXref
id: 16650285
author: Gorelick, DA
author: Agre, P
author: Tsunenari, T
author: Nielsen, S
author: Praetorius, J
db: Pubmed
title: Aquaporin-11: a channel protein lacking apparent transport function expressed in brain
source: BMC Biochem 7:14
year: 2006

UniProt:O42978
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref10401
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1832
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1833
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1834
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1835
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1836
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1837
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1838
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1839
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3031
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

arachidoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA => 3-oxobehenoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoASH [ELOVL7]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence178
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1677
xref: UnificationXref1676
left: SmallMolecule147
left: SmallMolecule138
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule148
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule136

SequenceSite3030
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 651

arachidonoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA => 3-oxo-(7,10,13,16)-docosatetraenoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoASH [ELOVL5]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence177
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1668
xref: UnificationXref1667
left: SmallMolecule138
left: SmallMolecule142
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule146
right: SmallMolecule136

SequenceSite3033
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

lignoceroyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA => 3-oxocerotoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoASH [ELOVL4]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence176
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1661
xref: UnificationXref1660
left: SmallMolecule144
left: SmallMolecule138
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule145
right: SmallMolecule136

SequenceSite3032
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 365

palmitoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA => 3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA (3-oxostearoyl-CoA) + CO2 + CoASH [ELOVL2]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence175
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1651
xref: UnificationXref1652
left: SmallMolecule140
left: SmallMolecule138
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule136
right: SmallMolecule143

lysophosphatidic acid + fatty acyl CoA => phosphatidic acid + CoA (1)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence184
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.51
name: 1-acyl-glycerol 3-phosphate + acyl-CoA => 1,2-diacyl-glycerol 3-phosphate + CoASH
xref: UnificationXref1729
xref: UnificationXref1728
left: SmallMolecule154
left: SmallMolecule153
display name: 1-acyl LPA is acylated to PA by AGPAT (LPAAT)
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule136
right: SmallMolecule155

Conversion of Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate to Glycerol -3- phosphate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence183
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.1.8
xref: UnificationXref1712
xref: UnificationXref1711
left: SmallMolecule40
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule37
display name: DHAP is converted to G3P by GPD1/GPD1L
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule39
right: SmallMolecule152

trans-octadec-2-enoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ => stearoyl-CoA + NADP+
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence180
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1696
xref: UnificationXref1695
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule150
left: SmallMolecule18
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule7
right: SmallMolecule151

3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA (3-oxostearoyl-CoA) + NADPH + H+ => 3-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA + NADP+
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence179
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.1.211
xref: UnificationXref1685
xref: UnificationXref1684
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule143
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule149
right: SmallMolecule7

SequenceSite3039
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3985
type: UnificationXref
id: 110653
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110653

Cleavage of the damaged purine
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction787
evidence: Evidence1292
xref: UnificationXref8056
xref: RelationshipXref1102
xref: UnificationXref8057
pathway order: PathwayStep1276
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3038
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 677

UnificationXref3984
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4564
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4564.1

UnificationXref3987
type: UnificationXref
id: 110681
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110681

UnificationXref3986
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3618
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3618.1

SequenceSite3035
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UnificationXref3989
type: UnificationXref
id: 110669
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110669

SequenceSite3034
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 886

UnificationXref3988
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3210
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3210.1

SequenceSite3037
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3036
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 519

UnificationXref3980
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604107
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604107

SequenceSite1809
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UnificationXref3981
type: UnificationXref
id: 113573
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=113573

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8752212
type: PublicationXref
id: 8752212
author: Hubbard, SR
author: Schlessinger, J
author: Mohammadi, M
db: Pubmed
title: Structure of the FGF receptor tyrosine kinase domain reveals a novel autoinhibitory mechanism
source: Cell 86:577-87
year: 1996

UnificationXref3982
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4430
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4430.1

SequenceSite1807
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UnificationXref3983
type: UnificationXref
id: 110731
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110731

SequenceSite1808
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 478

SequenceSite1805
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1806
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 386

SequenceSite1803
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1804
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 350

1,2-diacyl-glycerol + acyl-CoA => triacylglycerol + CoASH [DGAT2]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence186
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.20
xref: UnificationXref1749
xref: UnificationXref1750
left: SmallMolecule158
left: SmallMolecule157
display name: Conversion of Diacylglycerol to Triacylglycerol [DGAT2]
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule159
right: SmallMolecule136

SequenceSite1801
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 350

Formation of Malonyl-CoA from Acetyl-CoA (muscle)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence188
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 6.4.1.2
xref: UnificationXref1757
xref: UnificationXref1756
left: SmallMolecule49
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule137
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule32
right: SmallMolecule138

SequenceSite1802
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

1,2-diacyl-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O => 1,2-diacyl-glycerol + orthophosphate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence185
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.3.4
xref: UnificationXref1740
xref: UnificationXref1739
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule156
display name: Conversion of Phosphatidic Acid to Diacylglycerol
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule157

SequenceSite1800
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3044
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1133

1-PP-IP5 is phosphorylated to 1,5-(PP)2-IP4 by IP6K1/3 in the cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence160
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1572
xref: UnificationXref1571
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule129
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule131

SequenceSite3043
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

5-PP-IP5 is phosphorylated to 1,5-(PP)2-IP4 by PPIP5K1/2 in the cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence159
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1570
xref: UnificationXref1569
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule128
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule131

RNA Polymerase II Transcription
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 213738.2
pathway component: REACT 220627.2
pathway component: REACT 215564.2
pathway component: REACT 213943.2
pathway component: RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation
evidence: Evidence1427
xref: RelationshipXref1147
xref: UnificationXref8683
xref: UnificationXref8682
pathway order: PathwayStep1410
pathway order: PathwayStep1400
pathway order: PathwayStep1384
pathway order: PathwayStep1406
pathway order: PathwayStep1389
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3042
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 108

I(1,4,5)P3 is dephosphorylated to I(1,4)P2 by INPP5A/B at the plasma membrane
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence163
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.3.56
xref: UnificationXref1580
xref: UnificationXref1581
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule107
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule132
right: SmallMolecule32

SequenceSite1820
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3041
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

I(1,4,5)P3 is dephosphorylated to I(1,4)P2 by INPP5(4) in the cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence162
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.3.56
xref: UnificationXref1578
xref: UnificationXref1579
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule107
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule132
right: SmallMolecule32

SequenceSite3040
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2624

Transport of Citrate from Mitochondrial Matrix to cytosol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence169
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1602
xref: UnificationXref1603
left: SmallMolecule73
left: SmallMolecule135
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule63
right: SmallMolecule36

Peptide hormone metabolism
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 236247.1
evidence: Evidence1606
xref: UnificationXref9810
xref: UnificationXref9811
pathway order: PathwayStep1586
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

2-acylglycerol + H2O -> glycerol + fatty acid
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence166
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.1.23
xref: UnificationXref1595
xref: UnificationXref1594
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule133
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule134
right: SmallMolecule17

acetyl-CoA + bicarbonate + ATP => malonyl-CoA + H2O + ADP + orthophosphate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence171
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 6.4.1.2
xref: UnificationXref1621
xref: UnificationXref1622
left: SmallMolecule49
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule137
display name: Formation of Malonyl-CoA from Acetyl-CoA (liver)
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule32
right: SmallMolecule138

Generation of Cytoplasmic Acetyl CoA from Citrate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence170
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.3.8
xref: UnificationXref1611
xref: UnificationXref1610
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule136
left: SmallMolecule36
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule70
right: SmallMolecule49
right: SmallMolecule32

UnificationXref3998
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604112
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604112

palmitate + CoASH + ATP => palmitoyl-CoA + AMP + pyrophosphate + H2O [ACSL3]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence172
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 6.2.1.3
xref: UnificationXref1634
xref: UnificationXref1635
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule139
left: SmallMolecule136
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule14
right: SmallMolecule140
right: SmallMolecule35
right: SmallMolecule77

UnificationXref3997
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604110
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604110

UnificationXref3996
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604109
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604109

SequenceSite3049
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3995
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604108
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604108

SequenceSite3048
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 148

SequenceSite3047
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3046
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1390

SequenceSite3045
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref3999
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_242295
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_242295.1

UnificationXref3990
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3930
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3930.1

UnificationXref3993
type: UnificationXref
id: 110694
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110694

SequenceSite1818
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

UnificationXref3994
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5573
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5573.1

SequenceSite1819
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 17

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8855281
type: PublicationXref
id: 8855281
author: Lu, M
author: Verdijk, MA
author: Smith, BL
author: Agre, P
author: Jung, JS
author: Lee, MD
author: Deen, PM
author: Rijss, JP
author: Merkx, G
db: Pubmed
title: The human AQP4 gene: definition of the locus encoding two water channel polypeptides in brain
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:10908-12
year: 1996

UnificationXref3991
type: UnificationXref
id: 110719
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110719

UnificationXref3992
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5560
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5560.1

UniProt:O42952
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref269
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1814
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1815
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 498

SequenceSite1816
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 17

SequenceSite1817
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1810
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UniProt:O42957
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9691
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1811
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 350

arachidonate + CoASH + ATP => arachidonoyl-CoA + AMP + pyrophosphate + H2O [ACSL4]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence173
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 6.2.1.3
xref: UnificationXref1641
xref: UnificationXref1642
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule141
left: SmallMolecule136
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule14
right: SmallMolecule35
right: SmallMolecule77
right: SmallMolecule142

SequenceSite1812
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

palmitoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA => 3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA (3-oxostearoyl-CoA) + CO2 + CoASH [ELOVL1]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence174
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1649
xref: UnificationXref1648
left: SmallMolecule140
left: SmallMolecule138
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule136
right: SmallMolecule143

SequenceSite1813
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 496

SequenceSite3092
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

SequenceSite1870
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3093
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1871
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1032

SequenceSite3094
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

Isopentenyl pyrophosphate rearranges to dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence218
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 5.3.3.2
xref: UnificationXref1945
xref: UnificationXref1944
left: SmallMolecule187
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule188

SequenceSite3095
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

Addition of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to DMAPP
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence219
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.5.1.1
xref: UnificationXref1954
xref: UnificationXref1953
left: SmallMolecule187
left: SmallMolecule188
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule189
right: SmallMolecule77

SequenceSite3096
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1162

Mevalonate is phosphorylated to mevalonate-5-phosphate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence216
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.1.36
xref: UnificationXref1926
xref: UnificationXref1925
left: SmallMolecule184
left: SmallMolecule11
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule185

SequenceSite1874
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3097
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

Mevalonate-5-pyrophosphate is decarboxylated
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence217
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 4.1.1.33
xref: UnificationXref1936
xref: UnificationXref1937
left: SmallMolecule186
left: SmallMolecule11
display name: MVD decarboxylates MVA5PP to IPPP
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule187
right: SmallMolecule32

SequenceSite1875
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 765

SequenceSite3098
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1336

Condensation of acetyl CoA with acetoacetyl CoA to form HMG-CoA
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence214
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.3.10
xref: UnificationXref1911
xref: UnificationXref1912
left: SmallMolecule182
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule49
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule183
right: SmallMolecule136

SequenceSite1872
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3099
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 10

Reduction of HMG-CoA produces mevalonate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence215
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.1.34
xref: UnificationXref1917
xref: UnificationXref1918
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry357
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry356
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry355
left: SmallMolecule183
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule18
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule184
right: SmallMolecule7
right: SmallMolecule136

SequenceSite1873
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 198

Pristanal
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: ChEBI:49189 Pristanal
xref: UnificationXref1863

Squalene 2,3-epoxide cyclizes, forming lanosterol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence224
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 5.4.99.7
xref: UnificationXref1988
xref: UnificationXref1989
left: SmallMolecule193
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule195

SequenceSite1868
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

Squalene is oxidized to its epoxide
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence223
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.14.99.7
xref: UnificationXref1982
xref: UnificationXref1981
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule192
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule2
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule14
right: SmallMolecule193
right: SmallMolecule7

SequenceSite1867
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1268

Reduction of presqualene diphosphate to form squalene
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence222
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.5.1.21
xref: UnificationXref1972
xref: UnificationXref1971
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule191
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule7
right: SmallMolecule192
right: SmallMolecule77

SequenceSite1866
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

Two FPP molecules dimerize to form presqualene diphosphate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence221
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.5.1.21
xref: UnificationXref1967
xref: UnificationXref1966
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry366
left: SmallMolecule190
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule77
right: SmallMolecule191

SequenceSite1865
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1093

Another isopentenyl pyrophosphate is added to geranyl pyrophosphate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence220
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.5.1.10
xref: UnificationXref1959
xref: UnificationXref1958
left: SmallMolecule187
left: SmallMolecule189
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule77
right: SmallMolecule190

SequenceSite3091
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3090
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

SequenceSite1869
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1094

Degradation of GABA
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction743
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction744
evidence: Evidence1153
xref: UnificationXref7511
xref: UnificationXref7510
pathway order: PathwayStep1138
pathway order: PathwayStep1139
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Gly-3-P+FAD->DHAP+FADH2 (catalyzed by mitochondrial Gly-Phos dehydrogenase)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence197
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.5.3
EC number: 1.1.99.5
xref: UnificationXref1809
xref: UnificationXref1808
left: SmallMolecule165
left: SmallMolecule164
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule167
right: SmallMolecule166

Expression of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A Reductase (HMGCR)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence198
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1822
xref: UnificationXref1823
left: Complex97
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Protein513

SequenceSite1880
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

Expression of Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase (HMGCS1)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence199
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1826
xref: UnificationXref1825
left: Complex97
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Protein514

SequenceSite1881
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1268

SequenceSite1882
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

pAMPK inactivates ACC2 inhibiting malonyl-CoA synthesis
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence189
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1767
xref: UnificationXref1768
left: Protein502
left: SmallMolecule11
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: Protein503

SequenceSite1883
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1094

2 acetyl-CoA <=> acetoacetyl-CoA + CoA
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence191
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.9
xref: UnificationXref1779
xref: UnificationXref1780
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry339
left: SmallMolecule59
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule162
right: SmallMolecule161

SequenceSite1884
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

acetoacetyl-CoA+acetyl-CoA => HMG-CoA + CoASH
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence192
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.3.10
xref: UnificationXref1787
xref: UnificationXref1786
left: SmallMolecule59
left: SmallMolecule162
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule163
right: SmallMolecule161

SequenceSite1885
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1032

acetoacetyl-CoA + CoA <=> 2 acetyl-CoA
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence194
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.9
xref: UnificationXref1790
xref: UnificationXref1791
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry341
left: SmallMolecule162
left: SmallMolecule161
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule59

SequenceSite1886
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UniProt:O42935
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref184
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA => pristanal + formyl-CoA
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence208
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 4.1
xref: UnificationXref1875
xref: UnificationXref1876
left: SmallMolecule170
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule172
right: SmallMolecule171

SequenceSite1877
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 765

PMP34-mediated exchange of cytosolic ATP for peroxisomal AMP
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence207
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref1856
xref: UnificationXref1855
left: SmallMolecule168
left: SmallMolecule11
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule169
right: SmallMolecule35

SequenceSite1876
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UniProt:O42937
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6053
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

isocitrate + NADP+ => 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADPH + H+
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence211
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.1.42
xref: UnificationXref1901
xref: UnificationXref1902
left: SmallMolecule7
left: SmallMolecule181
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule4
right: SmallMolecule68
right: SmallMolecule18

SequenceSite1879
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1093

isocitrate + NADP+ => 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADPH + H+
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence210
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.1.42
xref: UnificationXref1896
xref: UnificationXref1895
left: SmallMolecule176
left: SmallMolecule175
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule179
right: SmallMolecule178
right: SmallMolecule177
right: SmallMolecule180

SequenceSite1878
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UniProt:O42931
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref810
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Cimetidine [ChEBI:3699]
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: TAGAMET (TN)
name: Cimetidine
xref: UnificationXref6346

UniProt:O42939
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9709
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15231747
type: PublicationXref
id: 15231747
author: Lehner, B
author: Sanderson, CM
db: Pubmed
title: A protein interaction framework for human mRNA degradation
source: Genome Res 14:1315-23
year: 2004

UniProt:O42938
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref977
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3078
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 505

SequenceSite3079
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 37

SequenceSite3074
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 505

Expression of Squalene Monooxygenase (SQLE)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence239
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref2086
xref: UnificationXref2085
left: Complex97
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Protein527

SequenceSite1852
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3075
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 71

Expression of TM7SF2
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence240
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref2088
xref: UnificationXref2089
left: Complex97
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Protein531

SequenceSite1853
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 162

SequenceSite3076
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 69

Expression of Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase (FDPS)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence237
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref2079
xref: UnificationXref2080
left: Complex97
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Protein525

SequenceSite1850
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3077
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

Expression of Lathosterol Oxidase (SC5D, SC5DL)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence238
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref2082
xref: UnificationXref2083
left: Complex97
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: Protein535

SequenceSite1851
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 414

SequenceSite3070
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 505

SequenceSite3071
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 71

SequenceSite3072
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 69

SequenceSite3073
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UniProt:O42900
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2470
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Testosterone is converted to 5-alpha-dihydroxytestosterone
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence247
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.3.99.5
xref: UnificationXref2128
xref: UnificationXref2127
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule217
left: SmallMolecule18
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule218
right: SmallMolecule7

Reduction of androstenedione to testosterone
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence246
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.1.239
xref: UnificationXref2120
xref: UnificationXref2121
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule216
left: SmallMolecule18
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule7
right: SmallMolecule217

SequenceSite1849
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 132

Cholesterol is hydroxylated to 25-hydroxycholesterol
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence243
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref2106
xref: UnificationXref2107
left: SmallMolecule213
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule2
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule214
right: SmallMolecule14
right: SmallMolecule7

SequenceSite1848
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

SequenceSite1847
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

ETA is phosphorylated to PETA by CHK/ETNK
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence255
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.1.82
xref: UnificationXref2178
xref: UnificationXref2177
left: SmallMolecule225
left: SmallMolecule11
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule226

SequenceSite1846
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

2-MAG is hydrolyzed to fatty acid and glycerol by MGLL
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence253
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.1.23
xref: UnificationXref2161
xref: UnificationXref2160
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule223
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule224
right: SmallMolecule17

SequenceSite1845
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

DAG is acylated to TAG by DGAT1/2
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence252
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.20
xref: UnificationXref2152
xref: UnificationXref2151
left: SmallMolecule221
left: SmallMolecule154
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule222
right: SmallMolecule136

SequenceSite1844
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 480

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9050246
type: PublicationXref
id: 9050246
author: Nikinmaa, M
db: Pubmed
title: Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in vertebrate erythrocytes: an evolutionary change in the role of membrane transport
source: J Exp Biol 200:369-80
year: 1997

PC is hydrolyzed to PA and choline by PLD1/2
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence250
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.4.4
xref: UnificationXref2143
xref: UnificationXref2144
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule219
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule155
right: SmallMolecule220

SequenceSite1843
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12030331
type: PublicationXref
id: 12030331
author: Badner, JA
author: Baysal, BE
author: Willett-Brozick, JE
author: Corona, W
author: Nimgaonkar, VL
author: Ferrell, RE
author: Detera-Wadleigh, SD
db: Pubmed
title: A mannosyltransferase gene at 11q23 is disrupted by a translocation breakpoint that co-segregates with bipolar affective disorder in a small family
source: Neurogenetics 4:43-53
year: 2002

UniProt:O42905
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8249
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite3089
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3087
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

lanosterol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 => 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol + 3 NADP+ + 4 H2O + formate
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence225
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.14.13.70
xref: UnificationXref1999
xref: UnificationXref1998
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry371
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry372
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry373
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry374
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry375
left: SmallMolecule195
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule2
display name: Lanosterol is oxidatively demethylated to 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule196
right: SmallMolecule14
right: SmallMolecule7
right: SmallMolecule197

SequenceSite1861
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 765

SequenceSite3088
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 37

4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ => 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + NADP+ [LBR]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence226
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.3.1.70
xref: UnificationXref2014
xref: UnificationXref2015
left: SmallMolecule199
left: SmallMolecule198
left: SmallMolecule200
display name: 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol is reduced to 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol [LBR]
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule202
right: SmallMolecule201

SequenceSite1862
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3085
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 37

4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ => 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + NADP+ [TM7SF2]
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence227
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.3.1.70
xref: UnificationXref2020
xref: UnificationXref2019
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule197
left: SmallMolecule18
display name: 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),14,24-trien-3beta-ol is reduced to 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol [TM7SF2]
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule203
right: SmallMolecule7

SequenceSite1863
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 765

SequenceSite3086
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 => 4-methyl,4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + 3 NADP+ + 4 H2O
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence228
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.14.13.72
xref: UnificationXref2027
xref: UnificationXref2026
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry377
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry378
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry379
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry380
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry376
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule197
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule2
display name: 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol is oxidized to 4-methyl,4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule14
right: SmallMolecule204
right: SmallMolecule7

SequenceSite1864
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3083
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

4-methyl,4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol is decarboxylated and oxidized to form 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence229
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref2034
xref: UnificationXref2033
left: SmallMolecule204
left: SmallMolecule39
display name: 4-methyl,4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + NAD+ => 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one + CO2 + NADH + H+
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule40
right: SmallMolecule205
right: SmallMolecule18

SequenceSite3084
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

SequenceSite3081
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

SequenceSite3082
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 37

SequenceSite1860
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite3080
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1859
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 182

SequenceSite1858
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 => 4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + 3 NADP+ + 4 H2O
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence231
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.14.13.72
xref: UnificationXref2045
xref: UnificationXref2046
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry382
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry383
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry381
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry384
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry385
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule206
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule2
display name: 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol is oxidized to 4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule14
right: SmallMolecule7
right: SmallMolecule207

4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one + NADPH + H+ => 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + NADP+
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence230
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.1.270
xref: UnificationXref2041
xref: UnificationXref2040
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule205
left: SmallMolecule18
display name: 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one is reduced to 4-methylcholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule206
right: SmallMolecule7

zymosterone (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one) + NADPH + H+ => zymosterol (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol) + NADP+
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence233
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.1.1.270
xref: UnificationXref2056
xref: UnificationXref2055
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule208
left: SmallMolecule18
display name: Zymosterone (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one) is reduced to zymosterol (cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol)
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule7
right: SmallMolecule209

SequenceSite1855
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 327

4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol is decarboxylated and oxidized to form cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one (zymosterone)
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence232
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref2050
xref: UnificationXref2051
left: SmallMolecule39
left: SmallMolecule207
display name: 4-carboxycholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol + NAD+ => cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3-one (zymosterone) + CO2 + NADH + H+
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule83
right: SmallMolecule40
right: SmallMolecule208
right: SmallMolecule18

SequenceSite1854
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ => desmosterol + NADP+
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence235
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 1.3.1.21
xref: UnificationXref2075
xref: UnificationXref2076
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule211
left: SmallMolecule18
display name: Cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol is reduced to desmosterol
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule212
right: SmallMolecule7

SequenceSite1857
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 796

cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ + O2 => cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol + NADP+ + 2 H2O
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence234
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
xref: UnificationXref2069
xref: UnificationXref2068
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry386
left: SmallMolecule4
left: SmallMolecule210
left: SmallMolecule18
left: SmallMolecule2
display name: Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is desaturated to form cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule14
right: SmallMolecule7
right: SmallMolecule211

SequenceSite1856
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UniProt:O42917
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8189
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15167709
type: PublicationXref
id: 15167709
author: Blanchard, RL
author: Buck, J
author: Freimuth, RR
author: Coughtrie, MW
author: Weinshilboum, RM
db: Pubmed
title: A proposed nomenclature system for the cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) superfamily
source: Pharmacogenetics 14:199-211
year: 2004

UniProt:O42916
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2243
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

2-acyl LPC is acylated to PC by LPCAT
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence273
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.52
xref: UnificationXref2318
xref: UnificationXref2319
left: SmallMolecule154
left: SmallMolecule250
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule219
right: SmallMolecule136

CDP-DAG is converted to PI by CDIPT
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence281
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.8.11
xref: UnificationXref2361
xref: UnificationXref2362
left: SmallMolecule256
left: SmallMolecule255
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule257
right: SmallMolecule230

1-acyl LPI is acylated to PI by MBOAT7
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence283
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.51
xref: UnificationXref2369
xref: UnificationXref2370
left: SmallMolecule258
left: SmallMolecule154
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule257
right: SmallMolecule136

2-acyl LPI is acylated to PI by MBOAT7
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence284
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.52
xref: UnificationXref2374
xref: UnificationXref2375
left: SmallMolecule259
left: SmallMolecule154
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule257
right: SmallMolecule136

PC is transphosphatidylated to PG by PLD1-4/6
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence286
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.4.4
xref: UnificationXref2381
xref: UnificationXref2382
left: SmallMolecule219
left: SmallMolecule17
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule260
right: SmallMolecule220

GPCho is hydrolyzed to Cho and G3P by GPCPD1
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence275
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.4.46
xref: UnificationXref2325
xref: UnificationXref2326
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule251
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule152
right: SmallMolecule220

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P52822
data source: Provenance1
name: P46777
name: 60S ribosomal protein L5
name: P52822
xref: UnificationXref152
feature: FragmentFeature64
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599002
display name: RPL5

1-acyl LPS is acylated to PS by LPSAT
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence277
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.51
xref: UnificationXref2335
xref: UnificationXref2336
left: SmallMolecule252
left: SmallMolecule154
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule253
right: SmallMolecule136

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74306
data source: Provenance1
name: P46777
name: O74306
name: 60S ribosomal protein L5
xref: UnificationXref150
feature: FragmentFeature63
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598998
display name: RPL5

2-acyl LPS is acylated to PS by LPSAT
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence278
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.52
xref: UnificationXref2340
xref: UnificationXref2341
left: SmallMolecule254
left: SmallMolecule154
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule253
right: SmallMolecule136

PA is converted to CDP-DAG by CDS1
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence280
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.7.41
xref: UnificationXref2350
xref: UnificationXref2351
left: SmallMolecule227
left: SmallMolecule155
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule255
right: SmallMolecule77

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P08093
data source: Provenance1
name: P25120
name: 60S ribosomal protein L8
name: P08093
xref: UnificationXref155
feature: FragmentFeature65
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599028
display name: RPL8

Homologues of RPL35A
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: 60S ribosomal protein L35a
xref: UnificationXref148
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598938

60S ribosomal protein L35a
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9USX4
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: Q9USX4
name: P18077
xref: UnificationXref145
feature: FragmentFeature61
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598933
display name: RPL35A

60S ribosomal protein L35a
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9USG6
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: Q9USG6
name: P18077
xref: UnificationXref147
feature: FragmentFeature62
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598937
display name: RPL35A

Homologues of RPL5
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref153
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599003

1-acyl LPC is acylated to PC by LPCAT
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence272
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.51
xref: UnificationXref2313
xref: UnificationXref2314
left: SmallMolecule249
left: SmallMolecule154
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule219
right: SmallMolecule136

UniProt:P36579
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2449
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

CDP-Cho and DAG are converted to PC by CHPT1 at the Golgi membrane
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence270
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.8.2
xref: UnificationXref2306
xref: UnificationXref2305
left: SmallMolecule243
left: SmallMolecule244
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule245
right: SmallMolecule230

Homologues of RPL10A
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref143
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598730

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O14363
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L10a
name: CSA-19
name: O14363
xref: UnificationXref140
feature: FragmentFeature59
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598725
display name: RPL10A

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74836
data source: Provenance1
name: O74836
name: 60S ribosomal protein L10a
name: CSA-19
xref: UnificationXref142
feature: FragmentFeature60
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598729
display name: RPL10A

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10224048
type: PublicationXref
id: 10224048
author: Guo, S
author: York, JD
author: Lemrow, SM
author: Stolz, LE
db: Pubmed
title: SAC1-like domains of yeast SAC1, INP52, and INP53 and of human synaptojanin encode polyphosphoinositide phosphatases
source: J Biol Chem 274:12990-5
year: 1999

PCho and CTP are condensed to CDP-Cho by PCYT1 dimer
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence268
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.7.15
xref: UnificationXref2291
xref: UnificationXref2290
left: SmallMolecule227
left: SmallMolecule242
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule243
right: SmallMolecule77

CDP-Cho and DAG are converted to PC by CEPT1 at the ER membrane
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence269
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.8.2
xref: UnificationXref2292
xref: UnificationXref2293
left: SmallMolecule243
left: SmallMolecule221
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule219
right: SmallMolecule230

PE is methylated to PC by PEMT
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence266
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.1.1.17
xref: UnificationXref2274
xref: UnificationXref2275
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry409
participant stoichiometry: Stoichiometry408
left: SmallMolecule231
left: SmallMolecule240
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule219
right: SmallMolecule241

Cho is phosphorylated to PCho by CHK dimer
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence267
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.1.32
xref: UnificationXref2279
xref: UnificationXref2280
left: SmallMolecule11
left: SmallMolecule220
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule12
right: SmallMolecule242

2-acyl LPE is acylated to PE by LPEAT
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence262
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.52
xref: UnificationXref2253
xref: UnificationXref2254
left: SmallMolecule238
left: SmallMolecule154
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule231
right: SmallMolecule136

GPETA is hydrolyzed to ETA and G3P by GPCPD1
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence264
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.4.46
xref: UnificationXref2262
xref: UnificationXref2263
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule239
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule225
right: SmallMolecule152

PS is decarboxylated to PE by PISD
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence259
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 4.1.1.65
xref: UnificationXref2237
xref: UnificationXref2236
left: SmallMolecule234
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule235
right: SmallMolecule52

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P05733
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L37
name: G1.16
name: P05733
xref: UnificationXref171
feature: FragmentFeature72
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598951
display name: RPL37

1-acyl LPE is acylated to PE by LPEAT
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence261
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.3.1.51
xref: UnificationXref2249
xref: UnificationXref2248
left: SmallMolecule237
left: SmallMolecule154
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule231
right: SmallMolecule136

Homologues of RPL37
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Protein100
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref174
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598956
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9US22
data source: Provenance1
name: P39030
name: Q9US22
name: 60S ribosomal protein L15
xref: UnificationXref166
feature: FragmentFeature70
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598776
display name: RPL15

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9UTI8
data source: Provenance1
name: RPL36A
name: 60S ribosomal protein L44
name: Q9UTI8
xref: UnificationXref169
feature: FragmentFeature71
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598994
display name: L36a

Homologues of RPL15
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref167
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598777
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74895
data source: Provenance1
name: P39030
name: O74895
name: 60S ribosomal protein L15
xref: UnificationXref164
feature: FragmentFeature69
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598772
display name: RPL15

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q92354
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L24
name: RPL24
name: Q92354
xref: UnificationXref159
feature: FragmentFeature67
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598851
display name: L30

CDP-ETA and DAG are converted to PE by CEPT1/EPT1
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence258
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.8.1
xref: UnificationXref2214
xref: UnificationXref2215
left: SmallMolecule228
left: SmallMolecule221
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule230
right: SmallMolecule231

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O14069
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L28
name: P46779
name: O14069
xref: UnificationXref162
feature: FragmentFeature68
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598878
display name: RPL28

PA is dephosphorylated to DAG by LPIN
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence257
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 3.1.3.4
xref: UnificationXref2197
xref: UnificationXref2198
left: SmallMolecule14
left: SmallMolecule155
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule32
right: SmallMolecule221

Homologues of RPL24
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref160
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598852
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

PETA and CTP are condensed to CDP-ETA by PCY2
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence256
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.7.14
xref: UnificationXref2188
xref: UnificationXref2189
left: SmallMolecule226
left: SmallMolecule227
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule228
right: SmallMolecule77

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74884
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L24
name: RPL24
name: O74884
xref: UnificationXref157
feature: FragmentFeature66
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598847
display name: L30

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8068008
type: PublicationXref
id: 8068008
author: Rödl, W
author: Rücknagel, KP
author: Werner, T
author: Bacher, A
author: Jaeger, E
author: Ziegler, I
author: Gütlich, M
db: Pubmed
title: Human GTP cyclohydrolase I: only one out of three cDNA isoforms gives rise to the active enzyme
source: Biochem J 302:215-21
year: 1994

Neurotransmitter Clearance In The Synaptic Cleft
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 236455.1
pathway component: REACT 250710.1
evidence: Evidence1164
xref: UnificationXref7551
xref: RelationshipXref1064
xref: UnificationXref7550
pathway order: PathwayStep1150
pathway order: PathwayStep1147
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15761154
type: PublicationXref
id: 15761154
author: Pack, M
author: Chang, H
author: Delamarre, L
author: Trombetta, ES
author: Mellman, I
db: Pubmed
title: Differential lysosomal proteolysis in antigen-presenting cells determines antigen fate
source: Science 307:1630-4
year: 2005

UnificationXref3907
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4307
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4307.1

UnificationXref3906
type: UnificationXref
id: 111349
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111349

UnificationXref3905
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600336
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600336

UnificationXref3904
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600337
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600337

UnificationXref3909
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3101
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3101.2

UnificationXref3908
type: UnificationXref
id: 111809
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111809

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18048764
type: PublicationXref
id: 18048764
author: Eizirik, DL
author: Cnop, M
author: Cardozo, AK
db: Pubmed
title: The role for endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetes mellitus
source: Endocr Rev 29:42-61
year: 2008

UnificationXref3903
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_245436
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_245436.1

UnificationXref3902
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600335
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600335

UnificationXref3901
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599156
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599156

Disinhibition of SNARE formation
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction12
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction11
evidence: Evidence22
xref: UnificationXref552
xref: UnificationXref551
pathway order: PathwayStep20
pathway order: PathwayStep19
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3900
type: UnificationXref
id: 5599157
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5599157

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16543958
type: PublicationXref
id: 16543958
author: Hirsch, E
author: Rommel, C
author: Barberis, L
author: Montrucchio, G
author: Lembo, G
author: Costa, C
db: Pubmed
title: Signaling through PI3Kgamma: a common platform for leukocyte, platelet and cardiovascular stress sensing
source: Thromb Haemost 95:29-35
year: 2006

GRB2 events in ERBB2 signaling
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 205360.2
evidence: Evidence1241
xref: UnificationXref7820
xref: UnificationXref7819
pathway order: PathwayStep760
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3916
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4262
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4262.2

UnificationXref3915
type: UnificationXref
id: 111783
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111783

UnificationXref3918
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5414
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5414.2

PA is converted to CDP-DAG by CDS2
type: BiochemicalReaction
data source: Provenance1
evidence: Evidence287
conversion direction: LEFT_TO_RIGHT
EC number: 2.7.7.41
xref: UnificationXref2393
xref: UnificationXref2392
left: SmallMolecule262
left: SmallMolecule261
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
right: SmallMolecule264
right: SmallMolecule263

UnificationXref3917
type: UnificationXref
id: 111785
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111785

UnificationXref3919
type: UnificationXref
id: 111784
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111784

UnificationXref3910
type: UnificationXref
id: 111814
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111814

UnificationXref3912
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600338
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600338

UnificationXref3911
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5432
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5432.2

UnificationXref3914
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600343
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600343

UnificationXref3913
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600339
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600339

Evidence891
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17656326
comment: Mammalian ABC transporters are usually found on the plasma membrane and on organelles such as the ER and peroxisome but a small number are also located on the mitochondria. Here they are thought to play roles in heme biosynthesis and iron-sulphur cluster synthesis (Burke & Ardehali 2007).

Evidence890
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10837493
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17006453
comment: The human gene ABCB6 encodes a mitochondrial half-type ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein MTABC3 which is uniquely located on the outer mitochondrial membrane and is functional as a homodimer (Krishnamurthy et al. 2006). It plays a crucial role in heme synthesis by mediating porphyrin uptake into mitochondria (Mitsuhashi et al. 2000, Krishnamurthy et al. 2006).

Evidence895
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10978526
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9651366
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10545938
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11788353
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10362779
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11305939
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9235899
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10347222
comment: Some members of the SLC4A family couple the transport of bicarbonate (HCO3-) to the movement of sodium ions (Na+), they being members 4, 5, 7 and 9. SLC4A4 (NBCe1) is an electrogenic sodium/bicarbonate cotransporter with a Na+:HCO3- stoichiometry of 1:3, although it can also be 1:2 (Burnham CE et al, 1997). SLC4A4 encodes a protein which is expressed in the kidney and pancreas, with lesser expression in many other tissues (Abuladze N et al, 1998). Mutations in SLC4A4 cause permanent isolated proximal renal tubular acidosis (pRTA) (results in accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to effectively acidify urine) with ocular abnormalities (Igarashi T et al, 1999). SLC4A5 encodes a protein which is expressed in liver, spleen and testes, with lower levels expressed in parts of the brain and kidney (Sassani P et al, 2002). It may have a housekeeping function in regulating the pH of these tissues (Pushkin A et al, 2000). SLC4A7 (NBC3, NBCn1) encodes a protein which performs electroneutral cotransport of Na+ and HCO3- with a 1:1 stoichiometry. It is highly expressed in testes and spleen and, to a lesser extent, in many other tissues including heart, muscle, kidney and GI tract (Pushkin A et al, 1999). SLC4A9 (AE4) was originally thought to exchange Cl- with HCO3- (hence the name AE4) but this has not been reported. Consensus has emerged that it is indeed a Na+/HCO3- co-transporter (Lipovich L et al, 2001). It is predominantly expressed in the kidney, salivary glands, testes, thyroid glands and trachea (Parker MD et al, 2001).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20023662
type: PublicationXref
id: 20023662
author: Choi, I
author: Thorens, B
author: Zhou, R
author: Tschopp, J
author: Tardivel, A
db: Pubmed
title: Thioredoxin-interacting protein links oxidative stress to inflammasome activation
source: Nat Immunol 11:136-40
year: 2010

Evidence894
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8206915
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2594752
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3015590
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7923606
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7506871
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9312167
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7530501
comment: The proteins responsible for the exchange of Cl- with HCO3- are members of the SLC4 (1-3) and SLC26 (3, 4, 6, 7 and 9) transporter families. The SLC26 members are discussed under the section "Multifunctional anion exchangers". SLC4A1 (Band 3, AE1, anion exchanger 1) was the first bicarbonate transporter gene to be cloned and sequenced (Lux SE et al, 1989). It is ubiquitous throughout vertebrates and in humans, is present on erythrocytes and the basolateral surfaces of kidney cells. The erythrocyte and kidney forms are different isoforms of the same protein (Kollert-Jons A et al, 1993). Mutations of erythroid AE1 determine the Diego blood group system (Bruce LJ et al, 1994). A more serious consequence of mutated erythroid AE1 is Hereditary spherocytosis (a disorder leading to haemolytic anaemia) (Jarolim P et al, 1995). Defects in the kidney form of AE1 cause distal (type1) renal tubular acidosis (an inability to acidify urine) (Bruce LJ et al, 1997). SLC4A2 (Non-erythroid band 3-like protein, AE2, anion exchanger 2) is widely expressed and is considered to be the 'housekeeping' isoform of the bicarbonate transporters (Demuth DR et al, 1986). SLC4A3 (Cardiac/brain band 3-like protein, AE3) is expressed in heart and brain (Yannoukakos D et al, 1994).

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9748295
type: PublicationXref
id: 9748295
author: Brown, MS
author: Guryev, O
author: Goldstein, JL
author: Pai, JT
db: Pubmed
title: Differential stimulation of cholesterol and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in cells expressing individual nuclear sterol regulatory element-binding proteins
source: J Biol Chem 273:26138-48
year: 1998

Evidence893
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15209530
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11435397
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19234479
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12045106
comment: The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of active transporters involves a large number of functionally diverse transmembrane proteins. They transport a variety of compounds through membranes against steep concentration gradients at the cost of ATP hydrolysis. These substrates include amino acids, lipids, inorganic ions, peptides, saccharides, peptides for antigen presentation, metals, drugs, and proteins. The ABC transporters not only move a variety of substrates into and out of the cell, but are also involved in intracellular compartmental transport. Energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP is used to transport the substrate across the membrane against a concentration gradient. Human genome contains 48 ABC genes; 16 of these have a known function and 14 are associated with a defined human disease (Dean et al. 2001, Borst and Elferink 2002, Rees et al. 2009).

Evidence892
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16816140
comment: The multidrug resistance associated protein (MRPs) subfamily of the ABC transporter family can transport a wide and diverse range of organic anions that can be endogenous compounds and xenobiotics and their metabolites. All human MRPs (except MRP9) can mediate these transport reactions (Deeley et al. 2006). Separately, specific reactions have also been annotated to describe the roles of ABCC4 in platelet dense granule assembly, of ABCC1 in LTC4 export (an aspect of leukotriene synthesis), and of ABCC3 in bile salt efflux.

Evidence899
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12734757
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14770312
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17716241
comment: Calcium ions are used by cells as ubiquitous signalling molecules that control diverse physiological events. Three mammalian gene families control Ca2+ transport across plasma membranes and intracellular compartments (Lytton J, 2007). They are the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger family designated NCX (SLC8) (three members NCX1-3) (Quednau BD et al, 2004), the Na+/Ca2+-K+ exchanger family designated NCKX (SLC24) (five members NCKX1-5) (Schnetkamp PP, 2004) and a Ca2+/cation exchanger (NCKX6, NCLX) whose physiological function remains unclear.

Evidence898
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14625281
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15060069
comment: SLC24A6 (NCKX6, NCLX) (Palty R et al, 2004) encodes a protein which can transport Li+ or Na+ in exchange for Ca2+ in an K+-independent manner (Cai X and Lytton J, 2004). Lithium exchange with calcium is shown here.

Evidence897
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14722772
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19099540
comment: Respiratory oxidation in the mitochondria produces carbon dioxide (CO2) as a waste product. CO2 is in equilibrium with bicarbonate (HCO3-) and is the body's central pH buffering system. HCO3- is charged so cannot move across membranes unaided. The bicarbonate transport proteins move bicarbonate across the membrane. There are 14 genes which encode these transport proteins in mammals. Applying the Human Genome Organization's sytematic nomenclature to human genes, the bicarbonate transporters belong to the SLC4A and SLC26A families. Within SLC4A, there are two distinct subfamilies, functionally corresponding to the electroneutral Cl-/HCO3- exchangers and Na+-coupled HCO3- co-transporters (Romero MF et al, 2004; Cordat E and Casey JR, 2009).

Evidence896
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10362779
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18319254
comment: Two genes encode Na+-dependent Cl-/HCO3- exchangers; SLC4A8 (NDCBE1) and 10 (NCBE). SLC4A8 (NDCBE1) encodes a exchanger protein which mediates Na+:HCO3- transport with a stoichiometry of 1:2:1 (Na+/HCO3-/Cl-). This protein is highly expressed in brain and spine and moderately expressed in trachea, thyroid, and kidney (Amlal H et al, 1999). SLC4A10 (NCBE, NBCn2) encodes a Na+-driven Cl-/HCO3- exchanger protein (Parker MD et al, 2008). It transports extracellular Na+ and HCO3- into cells in exchange for intracellular Cl- and H+, thus raising the intracellular pH.

UnificationXref3924
type: UnificationXref
id: 111793
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111793

UnificationXref3925
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4986
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4986.2

UnificationXref3922
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5731
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5731.2

UnificationXref3923
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600340
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600340

UnificationXref3920
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4892
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4892.2

UnificationXref3921
type: UnificationXref
id: 111786
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=111786

UnificationXref3928
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600344
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600344

UnificationXref3929
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600345
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600345

UnificationXref3926
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600346
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600346

UnificationXref3927
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600347
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600347

Evidence880
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11252894
comment: After passing through the Golgi complex, secretory cargo is packaged into post-Golgi transport intermediates (post-Golgi), which translocate plus-end directed along microtubules to the plasma membrane.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9706223
type: PublicationXref
id: 9706223
author: Kerner, J
author: Hoppel, C
db: Pubmed
title: Genetic disorders of carnitine metabolism and their nutritional management.
source: Annu Rev Nutr 18:179-206
year: 1998

Evidence882
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19345195
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17450176
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17988873
comment: Many plasma membrane proteins are in a constant flux throughout the internal trafficking pathways of the cell. Some receptors are continuously internalized into recycling endosomes and returned to the cell surface. Others are sorted into intralumenal vesicles of morphologically distinctive endosomes that are known as multivesicular bodies (MVBs). These MVBs fuse with lysosomes, resulting in degradation of their cargo by lysosomal acidic hydrolases. Endosomes can be operationally defined as being either early or late, referring to the relative time it takes for endocytosed material to reach either stage. Ultrastructural studies indicate that early endosomes are predominantly tubulovesicular structures, which constitute a major sorting platform in the cell, whereas late endosomes show the characteristics of typical MVBs and are capable of fusing with lysosomes. A well characterized signal for shunting membrane proteins into the degradative MVB pathway is the ubiquitylation of these cargoes. At the center of a vast protein:protein and protein:lipid interaction network that underpins ubiquitin mediated sorting to the lysosome are the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs), which are conserved throughout all major eukaryotic taxa.

Evidence881
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19345195
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16371348
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16973552
comment: ESCRT-III assembles into a highly ordered filament-like hetero-oligomer. Vps20 nucleates the homo-oligomerization of Snf7 that is capped by Vps24. Vps24 recruits Vps2 and initiates Vps4-dependent ESCRT-III disassembly. ESCRT-III is required for the last steps of MVB sorting, cargo sequestration, and MVB vesicle formation.

Evidence884
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17995453
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20837646
comment: TBC1D1 phosphorylated on serine-237 binds 14-3-3 proteins in assays with yeast 14-3-3 proteins BMH1 and BMH2 (Chen et al. 2008, Frosig et al. 2010). Binding with human 14-3-3 proteins is inferred.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16714477
type: PublicationXref
id: 16714477
author: Hill, EV
author: Rutter, GA
db: Pubmed
title: Insulin vesicle release: walk, kiss, pause ... then run
source: Physiology (Bethesda) 21:189-96
year: 2006

Evidence883
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17995453
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20701589
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21454505
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20837646
comment: In response to muscle contraction and insulin signaling, AMPK-alpha2 phosphorylates TBC1D1 on serine 237 and probably other residues (Frosig et al. 2010, Vichaiwong et al. 2010). As inferred from rat L6 muscle cells TBC1D1 colocalizes with perinuclear vesicles bearing GLUT4 (SLC2A4) and may be involved in an early step that mobilizes them (Chen et al. 2008). Human TBC1D1 appears cytosolic and is believed to be concentrated near vesicle membranes (Park et al. 2011).

Evidence886
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15971998
comment: RAB proteins have intrinsic weak GTPase activity that is enhanced by RAB-GTPase activating proteins (RAB-GAPs, Sano et al. 2007). The GTPase activity of RAB13 is inferred from other RAB proteins. AS160 (TBC1D4) and TBC1D1 are GAPs that activate the GTPase activity of RAB8A/10/13. Insulin signaling activates AKT, which phosphorylates and inactivates AS160 and TBC1D1, allowing GTP-bound (active) RABs to accumulate.

Evidence885
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20937701
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20631154
comment: RAB8A/10/13/14 release GDP and bind GTP to yield the active complex. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) stimulate the reaction. GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) oppose the reaction by stimulating the intrinsic GTPase activity of the RAB proteins.

Evidence888
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11031247
comment: The secretory membrane system allows a cell to regulate delivery of newly synthesized proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids to the cell surface, a necessity for growth and homeostasis. The system is made up of distinct organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi complex, plasma membrane, and tubulovesicular transport intermediates. These organelles mediate intracellular membrane transport between themselves and the cell surface. Membrane traffic within this system flows along highly organized directional routes. Secretory cargo is synthesized and assembled in the ER and then transported to the Golgi complex for further processing and maturation. Upon arrival at the trans Golgi network (TGN), the cargo is sorted and packaged into post-Golgi carriers that move through the cytoplasm to fuse with the cell surface. This directional membrane flow is balanced by retrieval pathways that bring membrane and selected proteins back to the compartment of origin.

Evidence887
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18570632
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21306486
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20417083
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21405107
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19389739
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21216617
comment: In adipocytes and myocytes insulin signaling causes intracellular vesicles carrying the GLUT4 (SLC2A4) glucose transporter to translocate to the plasma membrane, allowing the cells to take up glucose from the bloodstream (reviewed in Zaid et al. 2008, Leney and Tavare 2009, Bogan and Kandror 2010, Foley et al. 2011, Hoffman and Elmendorf 2011, Kandror and Pilch 2011). In myocytes muscle contraction alone can also cause translocation of GLUT4. Though the entire pathway leading to GLUT4 translocation has not been elucidated, several steps are known. Insulin activates the kinases AKT1 and AKT2. Muscle contraction activates the kinase AMPK-alpha2 and possibly also AKT. AKT2 and, to a lesser extent, AKT1 phosphorylate the RAB GTPase activators TBC1D1 and TBC1D4, causing them to bind 14-3-3 proteins and lose GTPase activation activity. As a result RAB proteins (probably RAB8A, RAB10, RAB14 and possibly RAB13) accumulate GTP. The connection between RAB:GTP and vesicle translocation is unknown but may involve recruitment and activation of myosins. Myosins 1C, 2A, 2B, 5A, 5B have all been shown to play a role in translocating GLUT4 vesicles near the periphery of the cell. Following docking at the plasma membrane the vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane in a process that depends on interaction between VAMP2 on the vesicle and SNAP23 and SYNTAXIN-4 at the plasma membrane.

UnificationXref3933
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600334
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600334

Evidence889
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15225610
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12892562
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9883897
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10922475
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15215243
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10196363
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9878413
comment: Mitochondrial ABC transporters are thought to play a key role in iron metabolism and heme biosynthesis. All mitochondrial ABC transporters described to date are of the half-transporter type and would probably function as dimers (Ramjeesingh et al. 2003) but their dimerization partners have not yet been identified. ABC7 is the functional human orthologue of yeast Atm1p (Csere et al. 1998), is predicted to dimerize in the same way as Atm1p (Chloupková et al. 2004) and is probably involved in iron homeostasis. Defects in ABCB7 are the cause of X-linked sideroblastic anemia with ataxia (ASAT) [MIM:301310] (Allikmets et al. 1999). Human genes ABCB8 and ABCB10 encode mABC1 and mABC2 respectively (Hogue et al. 1999, Zhang et al 2000 respectively). They would be expected to dimerize, as demonstrated for mABC2 (Graf et al. 2004). Both are believed to have similar functionality to ABC7 although this has not been demonstrated yet.

UnificationXref3934
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_254099
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_254099.1

UnificationXref3935
type: UnificationXref
id: P78965
db: UniProt

UnificationXref3936
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598191
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598191

UnificationXref3930
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600348
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600348

UnificationXref3931
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600350
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600350

UnificationXref3932
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_246291
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_246291.1

UnificationXref3937
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598192
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598192

UnificationXref3938
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598194
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598194

UnificationXref3939
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_258554
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_258554.1

Evidence877
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11031247
comment: The anterograde membrane flow from the ER to the Golgi is compensated for by a retrograde pathway. This pathway's functions include the recycling of membrane and proteins to the ER.

Evidence876
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16956762
comment: Secretory transport depends on membrane-bounded carriers to move protein and lipid between intracellular compartments. The COPI coat has a central role in this process, creating a sorting domain on the membrane into which cargo proteins, destined to return to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), concentrate. The membrane domain deforms into a coated bud, pinches off the membrane as a coated carrier, and then uncoats. Successful operation of the COPI coat system is necessary for selective retrieval of protein and lipid components back to the ER.

Evidence875
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16956762
comment: Ultimately the hydrolysis of Arf1-bound GTP, induced by the recruited ArfGAP, allows the inactive Arf1-GDP to diffuse away from the membrane, initiating disassembly of the lattice from the vesicle (Lippincott-Schwartz and Liu 2006).

Evidence874
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15795316
comment: Inactive Arf1-GDP then diffuses away from the membrane, initiating the disassembly of the lattice.

Evidence873
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15795316
comment: The hydrolysis of Arf1-bound GTP is induced by the recruited ArfGAP.

Evidence872
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12379802
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14654841
comment: All of the key components and regulators of the COPI coat (GBF1, Arf1, ArfGAP1 and coatomer) cycle on and off the Golgi membrane. This cycle is required for vesicle formation, but is uncoupled from the actual vesicle release. Continuous membrane binding and release of these molecules enables the COPI lattice to be dynamically modulated. Once the vesicle is released from the Golgi apparatus, this lattice is completely disassociated from the vesicle.

Evidence871
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16956762
comment: Together, the complex of coatomer, Arf1, and ArfGAP assembles into a lattice that concentrates cargo proteins and deforms the membrane. Eventually this membrane pocket forms into a bud that pinches off the membrane, and is released into the cytoplasm (Lippincott-Schwartz and Liu 2006).

PublicationXref249
type: PublicationXref
author: Tyfield, LA
author: Walter, JH
author: Holton, JB
title: Galactosemia
source: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 8th ed (Scriver CR, et al., editors) 1:1553-1587
year: 2001

Evidence870
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8533093
comment: Once both coatomer and the active form of Arf1 have been recruited to the Golgi membrane surface, ArfGAP joins the complex.

UnificationXref3942
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600351
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600351

UniProt:P36592
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8247
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3943
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_242516
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_242516.1

UniProt:P36591
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref3197
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3940
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600352
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600352

UniProt:P36590
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref3855
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3941
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_244372
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_244372.1

UnificationXref3946
type: UnificationXref
id: 110672
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110672

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20023638
type: PublicationXref
id: 20023638
author: Shi, Yang
author: Zhang, Xing
author: Upadhyay, Anup K
author: Cheng, Xiaodong
author: Horton, John R
author: Qi, Hank H
db: Pubmed
title: Enzymatic and structural insights for substrate specificity of a family of jumonji histone lysine demethylases
source: Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 17:38-43
year: 2010

UniProt:P36596
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref1963
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3947
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2490
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2490.1

UniProt:P36595
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8371
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3944
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604067
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604067

Evidence878
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9614177
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8810314
comment: ARF1 helps to recruit AP-1 to Golgi membrane. AP-1 is not alone in this process of establishing a docking complex at the trans-Golgi Network. This section of the Golgi membrane will be where the new vesicle will be built and loaded.

UniProt:P36594
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8383
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3945
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16497
db: ChEBI

Evidence879
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: There at least two classes of clathrin coated vesicles in cells, one predominantly Golgi-associated, involved in budding from the trans-Golgi network and the other at the plasma membrane. Here the clathrin-coated vesicles emerging from the Golgi apparatus are triggered by the heterotetrameric adaptor protein complex, AP-1 at the trans-Golgi network membrane. The cargo can be transmembrane, membrane associated or golgi luminal proteins. Each step in the vesicle sculpting pathway, gathers cargo and clathrin triskeletons, until a complete vesicular sphere is formed. With the scission of the membrane the vesicle is released and eventually losses its clathrin coat.

UnificationXref3948
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:16311
db: ChEBI

UniProt:O42991
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref60
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3949
type: UnificationXref
id: 110660
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110660

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12716889
type: PublicationXref
id: 12716889
author: Jigami, Y
author: Suzuki, M
author: Okubo, R
author: Kikuchi, N
author: Saigo, K
author: Ueda, R
author: Goto, S
author: Toyoda, H
author: Suda, T
author: Narimatsu, H
author: Kamiyama, S
author: Chiba, Y
author: Nishihara, S
author: Watanabe, M
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular cloning and identification of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate transporter
source: J Biol Chem 278:25958-63
year: 2003

Evidence864
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10982397
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10825291
comment: Once loaded the vesicles become fully sculpted, pinch off from the ER and bud into the cytosol.

Evidence863
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10982397
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10825291
comment: Cytosolic Sec13p-Sec31p complexes bind to pre-bound Sec23p-Sec24p complexes.

Evidence866
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11252894
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17316621
comment: COPII components (known as Sec13p, Sec23p, Sec24p, Sec31p, and Sar1p in yeast) traffic cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. COPII-coated vesicles were originally discovered in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using genetic approaches coupled with a cell-free assay. The mammalian counterpart of this pathway is represented here. Newly synthesized proteins destined for secretion are sorted into COPII-coated vesicles at specialized regions of the ER. These vesicles leave the ER, become uncoated and subsequently fuse with the Golgi apparatus membrane.

Evidence865
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17316621
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10982397
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10825291
comment: Vesicle uncoating is triggered by Sar1p-GTP hydrolysis leaving only the vesicle cargo and the v-SNARE to target the vesicle to the Golgi membrane.

Evidence860
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Biological processes are captured in Reactome by identifying the molecules (DNA, RNA, protein, small molecules) involved in them and describing the details of their interactions. From this molecular viewpoint, human disease pathways have three mechanistic causes: the inclusion of microbially-expressed proteins, altered functions of human proteins, or changed expression levels of otherwise functionally normal human proteins. The first group encompasses the infectious diseases such as influenza, tuberculosis and HIV infection. The second group involves human proteins modified either by a mutation or by an abnormal post-translational event that produces an aberrant protein with a novel function. Examples include somatic mutations of EGFR and FGFR (epidermal and fibroblast growth factor receptor) genes, which encode constitutively active receptors that signal even in the absence of their ligands, or the somatic mutation of IDH1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1) that leads to an enzyme active on 2-oxoglutarate rather than isocitrate, or the abnormal protein aggregations of amyloidosis which lead to diseases such as Alzheimer's. Infectious diseases are represented in Reactome as microbial-human protein interactions and the consequent events. The existence of variant proteins and their association with disease-specific biological processes is represented by inclusion of the modified protein in a new or variant reaction, an extension to the 'normal' pathway. Diseases which result from proteins performing their normal functions but at abnormal rates can also be captured, though less directly. Many mutant alleles encode proteins that retain their normal functions but have abnormal stabilities or catalytic efficiencies, leading to normal reactions that proceed to abnormal extents. The phenotypes of such diseases can be revealed when pathway annotations are combined with expression or rate data from other sources.

UnificationXref3950
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2857
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2857.1

Evidence862
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17316621
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10982397
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10825291
comment: Sar1p-GTP hydrolysis is increased 15-30-fold by Sec23p. Sar1p-GDP is released as a result of this hydrolysis and used in further vesicle sculpting cycles. Sar1p-GTP hydrolysis occurs at two critical points during the cycle, first (as represented here) as a proofreading step, insuring that the cargo is loaded. Later in the cycle Sar1p-GTP hydrolysis triggers the uncoating of the budded vesicle.

Evidence861
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10982397
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10825291
comment: Sar1p-GTP recruits the cytoplasmic Sec23p-Sec24p complex. Though not represented in the subsequent steps, Sec23p-Sec24p would bind to members of the p24 protein family of possible cargo receptors, and together with Sar1p bind the appropiate v-SNARE, and Rab-GTP.

UnificationXref3951
type: UnificationXref
id: CHEBI:18077
db: ChEBI

UnificationXref3952
type: UnificationXref
id: 110711
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110711

UniProt:P36582
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref449
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3953
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2310
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2310.1

UnificationXref3954
type: UnificationXref
id: 110685
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110685

UniProt:P36584
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref129
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3955
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4768
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4768.1

Evidence867
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11252894
comment: Secretory cargo destined to be secreted or to arrive at the plasma membrane (PM) leaves the ER via distinct exit sites. This cargo is destined for the Golgi apparatus.

UniProt:P36583
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref451
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3956
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604068
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604068

Evidence868
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10402461
comment: The formation of the COPI coat requires membrane recruitment and activation of Arf1. Arf1 activation is normally mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that convert Arf1 to its active GTP-bound state on the membrane. In this reaction that GEF is represented by GBF1.

UniProt:P36586
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref617
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3957
type: UnificationXref
id: P49740
db: UniProt

Evidence869
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8599108
comment: In models of COPI coat assembly and disassembly, after GBF1 activates Arf1 on membranes, the active form of Arf1 recruits coatomer complexes from the cytoplasm.

UniProt:P36585
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref179
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref3958
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604072
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604072

UnificationXref3959
type: UnificationXref
id: 5604073
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5604073

UnificationXref8084
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600192
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600192

Evidence705
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11154739
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9034160
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16322073
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15167709
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12372849
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10503886
xref: PublicationXref1181
comment: Two groups of sulfotransferease (SULT) enzymes catalyze the transfer of a sulfate group from 3-phosphoadenosine 5-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to a hydroxyl group on an acceptor molecule, yielding a sulfonated acceptor and 3-phosphoadenosine 5-phosphate (PAP). One is localized to the Golgi apparatus and mediates the sulfonation of proteoglycans. The second, annotated here, is cytosolic and mediates the sulfonation of a diverse array of small molecules, increasing their solubilities in water and modifying their physiological functions. There are probably thirteen or more human cytosolic SULT enzymes; eleven of these have been purified and characterized enzymatically, and are annotated here (Blanchard et al. 2004; Gamage et al. 2005). These enzymes appear to be active as dimers. Their substrate specificities are typically broad, and not related in an obvious way to their structures; indeed, apparently orthologous human and rodent SULT enzymes can have different substrate specificities (Glatt 2000), and none has been exhaustively characterized. The substrates listed in the table and annotated here are a sample of the known ones, chosen to indicate the range of activity of these enzymes and to capture some of their known physiologically important targets. Absence of a small molecule - enzyme pair from the table, however, may only mean that it has not yet been studied.

UnificationXref8085
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600193
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600193

Evidence704
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/14977861
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10836148
xref: PublicationXref1181
comment: Glucuronidation conjugation utilizes UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs; EC 2.4.1.17) to catalyze a wide range of diverse endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Glucuronidation is the major pathway in phase II metabolism and accounts for approximately 35% of drug conjugation. UGTs are microsomal membrane-bound and catalyze the transfer of a glucuronate group of uridine diphosphoglucuronate (UDPGA, a co-substrate) to the functional group of specific substrates. UDPGA is synthesized from glucose-1-phosphate (G1P). G1P is required for glycolysis and is present in high concentrations in the cell, making it is unlikely to be a limiting factor in UDPGA synthesis. UDP is added to G1P to form UDP-glucose which is then dehydrogenated to form UDPGA. The basic reaction is UDP-Glucuronate + acceptor -> UDP + acceptor-beta-D-glucuronide The effect of this conjugation is to confer polarity to the substrate which can then be easily excreted in urine or bile. Functional groups acted on include hydroxyl, carboxylate, amino and sulfate groups. There are 2 families of UGTs, UGT1 and UGT2 which are further sub-divided into 3 subfamilies, UGT1A, UGT2A and UGT2B. There are more than 26 different isozymes in humans, of which 18 are functional proteins. They are composed of 527-530 residues and have a molecular weight of 50-57KDa. The UGT1 family comprises of 9 proteins (UGT1A1, 1A3-1A10) but only 5 have been isolated in humans. Example substrates which are glucuronidated are acetaminophen by UGT1A6 and bilirubin by UGT1A1. Members of the UGT2 subfamily are each encoded by their own genes, in contrast to UGT1As which are encoded at the UGT1 locus. Example substrates are morphine conjugation by UGT2B7 and androgenic steroid conjugation by UGT2B17. Xenobiotics conjugated with glucuronic acid can be substrates for beta-glucuronidase, an enzyme common in gut microflora. This enzyme can release the parent or phase I metabolite which can be reabsorbed. It can then either re-exert it's original eff…

UnificationXref8082
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600191
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600191

Evidence703
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17482904
comment: Glucose 1-phosphate and UTP are the precursors to UDP-glucuronate formation. After oxidation of the resultant complex, UDP-glucuronate is transported to the ER lumen.

UnificationXref8083
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_217658
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_217658.2

Evidence702
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12369887
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17125408
xref: PublicationXref1177
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16584116
comment: Phase 1 of metabolism is concerned with functionalization, that is the introduction or exposure of functional groups on the chemical structure of a compound. This provides a 'handle' for phase 2 conjugating species with which to react with. Many xenobiotics are lipophilic and almost chemically inert (e.g. PAHs) so would not necessarily undergo a phase 2 reaction. Making them more chemically reactive would facilitate their excretion but also increases their chance of reacting with cellular macromolecules (e.g. proteins, DNA). There is a fine balance between producing a more reactive metabolite and conjugation reactions. There are two groups of enzymes in phase 1 - oxidoreductases and hydrolases. Oxidoreductases introduce an oxygen atom into or remove electrons from their substrates. The major oxidoreductase enzyme system is called the P450 monooxygenases. Other systems include flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO), cyclooxygenases (COX) and monoamine oxidases (MAO). Hydrolases hydrolyse esters, amides, epoxides and glucuronides.

UnificationXref8088
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600197
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600197

Evidence709
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7646467
comment: In the second step in the formation of glutathione, gamma-glutamylcysteine ligates with glycine to form glutathione (Gali and Board, 1995; ).

UnificationXref8089
type: UnificationXref
id: 110178
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110178

Evidence708
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9516961
comment: 5-oxoprolinase catalyzes the cleavage of 5-oxoproline to form L-glutamate, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate (Chen et al, 1998).

UnificationXref8086
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_217201
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_217201.2

Evidence707
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15130560
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10331075
xref: PublicationXref1181
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10898761
comment: Methylation is a common but minor pathway of Phase II conjugation compared to glucuronidation or sulfonation. The cofactor used in methylation conjugation is S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). SAM is the second most widely used enzyme substrate after ATP and is involved in a wide range of important biological processes. SAM is sythesized from methionine's reaction with ATP, catalyzed by methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT). There are two genes, MAT1A and MAT2A, which encode for two homologous MAT catalytic subunits, 1 and 2. During conjugation with nucleophilic substrates, the methyl group attached to the sulfonium ion of SAM is transferred to the substrate forming the conjugate. SAM, having lost the methyl moiety, is converted to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). SAH can be hydrolyzed to form adenosine and homocysteine. Homocysteine can either be converted to glutathione or methylated to form methionine, thus forming the starting point for SAM synthesis and completing the cycle. Fuctional groups attacked are phenols, catechols, aliphatic and aromatic amines and sulfhydryl-containing groups. The enzymes that catalyze the transfer of the methyl group to these functional groups are the methyltransferases (MT). MTs are small, cytosolic, monomeric enzymes that utilize SAM as a methyl donor. There are many MTs but the best studied ones are named on the basis of their prototypical substrates: COMT (catechol O-methyltransferase), TPMT (thiopurine methyltransferase), TMT (thiol methyltransferase), HNMT (histamine N-methyltransferase) and NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyltransferase). An example of each enzyme mentioned is given. In each case, a typical substrate for the enzyme is shown.

UnificationXref8087
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09907
db: UniProt

Evidence706
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8968737
comment: Dihydroxybenzoate is a typical substrate for Catechol O-methyltransferase

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P52808
data source: Provenance1
name: P52808
name: P04645
name: 60S ribosomal protein L30
xref: UnificationXref53
feature: FragmentFeature22
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598902
display name: RPL30

UnificationXref290
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598561
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598561

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O75000
data source: Provenance1
name: O75000
name: 60S ribosomal protein L12
name: P30050
xref: UnificationXref56
feature: FragmentFeature23
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598747
display name: RPL12

UnificationXref292
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598538
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598538

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17475546
type: PublicationXref
id: 17475546
author: Heikkinen, S
author: Argmann, CA
author: Auwerx, J
db: Pubmed
title: PPARgamma in human and mouse physiology
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 1771:999-1013
year: 2007

UnificationXref291
type: UnificationXref
id: O14049
db: UniProt

UnificationXref294
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598542
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598542

UnificationXref293
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P7B2
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74538
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L27
name: O74538
name: P08526
xref: UnificationXref66
feature: FragmentFeature27
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598860
display name: RPL27

UnificationXref284
type: UnificationXref
id: P79013
db: UniProt

Homologues of RPL27
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref69
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598865

UnificationXref285
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598356
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598356

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9URX6
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L31
name: Q9URX6
name: P12947
xref: UnificationXref71
feature: FragmentFeature29
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598907
display name: RPL31

UnificationXref286
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9Y7L8
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O14388
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L27
name: P08526
name: O14388
xref: UnificationXref68
feature: FragmentFeature28
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598864
display name: RPL27

UnificationXref287
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598556
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598556

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O42848
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L13a
name: 23 kDa highly basic protein
name: O42848
xref: UnificationXref59
feature: FragmentFeature24
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598755
display name: RPL13A

UnificationXref288
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P546
db: UniProt

Homologues of RPL13A
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref64
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598764
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

UnificationXref289
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598560
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598560

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O43004
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L13a
name: O43004
name: 23 kDa highly basic protein
xref: UnificationXref63
feature: FragmentFeature26
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598763
display name: RPL13A

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:O42991
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L13a
name: 23 kDa highly basic protein
name: O42991
xref: UnificationXref61
feature: FragmentFeature25
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598759
display name: RPL13A

UnificationXref8092
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600199
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600199

Evidence700
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10631996
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/224930
comment: ALDH1A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase) in the cytosol catalyzes the reaction of acetaldehyde and NAD+ to form acetate and NADH + H+ (Inoue et al. 1979). The active form of the enzyme is a tetramer (Ni et al. 1999).

UnificationXref8091
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600198
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600198

Evidence701
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9982
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18110463
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3893466
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10441588
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17567461
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2729894
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/224930
comment: Ethanol and related alcohols can be ingested as part of the diet and are formed by microorganisms in the intestinal tract. Ethanol oxidation to acetate occurs primarily in liver cells in a multistep process first described by Racker (1949). First, in the cytosol, ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde, with the formation of NADH. Second, in the mitochondrion, acetaldehyde is oxidized to acetate with the formation of NADH. Finally, acetate in the mitochondrion can be condensed with coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA. Polymorphisms in the enzymes catalyzing the first two steps are associated with variation in the efficiency of alcohol catabolism in human populations (Chen et al. 1999; Lange et al. 1976; Jornvall 1985). The molecular mechanism by which cytosolic acetaldehyde enters the mitochondrial matrix is not known (Lemasters 2007). Cytosolic enzymes capable of oxidizing acetaldehyde to acetate have also been identified and characterized in vitro (Inoue et al. 1979) so a purely cytosolic pathway for ethanol oxidation to acetate and conversion to acetyl-CoA can be annotated. The role of this pathway in vivo is unclear, though limited attempts to correlate deficiencies in the cytosolic enzyme with alcohol intolerance have yielded suggestive data (Yoshida et al. 1989). Additional peroxisomal and microsomal pathways for the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde have been described; their physiological significance is unclear and they are not annotated here.

UnificationXref8090
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2927
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2927.1

L-Asparagine
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: L-Asparagine [ChEBI:17196]
name: 2-Aminosuccinamic acid
xref: UnificationXref4388

UnificationXref8071
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_208780
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_208780.2

Evidence714
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18357469
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19463
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2573352
comment: To be excreted in urine, glutathione conjugates undergo several hydrolysis steps to form mercapturic acids which are readily excreted. The first step is the hydrolysis of a gamma-glutamyl residue from the conjugate catalysed by gamma-glutamyltransferases (GGTs). These are membrane-bound, heterodimeric enzymes composed of light and heavy peptide chains. GGT1 and 2 are well characterised while GGT3P, 5, 6 and 7 are putative transferases. Extracellular glutathione or its conjugates can be hydrolysed to give cysteinylglycine (CG, or CG conjugates) and free glutamate (L-Glu) (Heisterkamp et al. 2008, Tate & Ross 1977, Pawlak et al. 1989).

UnificationXref8072
type: UnificationXref
id: O59825
db: UniProt

Evidence713
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11805192
xref: PublicationXref1181
comment: Phase II of biotransformation is concerned with conjugation, that is using groups from cofactors to react with functional groups present or introduced from phase I on the compound. The enzymes involved are a set of transferases which perform the transfer of the cofactor group to the substrate. The resultant conjugation results in greatly increasing the excretory potential of compounds. Although most conjugations result in pharmacological inactivation or detoxification, some can result in bioactivation. Most of the phase II enzymes are located in the cytosol except UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT), which are microsomal. Phase II reactions are typically much faster than phase I reactions therefore the rate-limiting step for biotransformation of a compound is usually the phase I reaction. Phase II metabolism can deal with all the products of phase I metabolism, be they reactive (Type I substrate) or unreactive/poorly active (Type II substrate) compounds. With the exception of glutathione, the conjugating species needs to be made chemically reactive after synthesis. The availability of the cofactor in the synthesis may be a rate-limiting factor in some phase II pathways as it may prevent the formation of enough conjugating species to deal with the substrate or it's metabolite. As many substrates and/or their metabolites are chemically reactive, their continued presence may lead to toxicity.

UnificationXref8073
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600188
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600188

Evidence716
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12435844
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9675258
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19514968
xref: PublicationXref1202
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23599745
comment: Aflatoxins are among the principal mycotoxins produced as secondary metabolites by the molds Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus that contaminate economically important food and feed crops (Wild & Turner 2002). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most potent naturally occurring carcinogen known and is also an immunosuppressant. It is a potent hepatocarcinogenic agent in many species, and has been implicated in the etiology of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Poultry, especially turkeys, are extremely sensitive to the toxic and carcinogenic action of AFB1 present in animal feed, resulting in multi-million dollar losses to the industry. Discerning the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of this extreme sensitivity of poultry to AFB1 will help with the development of new strategies to increase aflatoxin resistance (Rawal et al. 2010, Diaz & Murcia 2011). AFB1 has one major genotoxic metabolic fate, conversion to AFXBO, and several others that are less mutagenic but that can still be quite toxic, causing [X, Y, and Z]. AFB1 can be oxidised to the toxic AFB1 exo 8,9 epoxide (AFXBO) product by several cytochrome P450 enzymes, especially P450 3A4 in the liver. This 8,9 epoxide can react with the N7 atom of a guanyl base of DNA to produce adducts by intercalating between DNA base pairs. The exo epoxide is unstable in solution, however, and can react spontaneously to form a diol that is no longer reactive with DNA. The diol product in turn undergoes base-catalysed rearrangement to a dialdehyde that can react with protein lysine residues. AFB1 can also be metabolised to products (AFQ1, AFM1, AFM1E) which have far less genotoxic consequences than AFB1. The main route of detoxification of AFB1 is conjugation of its reactive 8,9-epoxide form with glutathione (GSH). This reaction is carried out by trimeric glutathione transferases (GSTs), providing a chemoprotective mechanism against toxicity. Glutathione conjugates are usually excreted as mercapturic acids in urine (Guengerich…

UnificationXref8074
type: UnificationXref
id: 110189
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110189

Evidence715
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7764673
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12144777
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8439558
comment: In the formation of mercapturic acid from glutathione conjugates, first a glutamate residue is hydrolysed from the conjugate then a glycine residue (Gly). The dipeptidases 1,2 and 3 (DPEP1,2,3) perform this second hydrolysis. They are membrane-bound, homodimeric enzymes which require zinc ions for activity. DPEP1 has been characterised (Satoh et al. 1993, 1994, Nitanai et al. 2002) whereas DPEP2 and 3 are thought to function as DPEP1 based on similarity.

UnificationXref8075
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_3757
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_3757.1

Evidence718
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: As inferred from biochemical studies in yeast and phenotypic studies in mouse, Mitoferrin-1 (SLC25A37) and Mitoferrin-2 (SLC25A28) transport ferrous iron across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Mitoferrin-1 is essential for maintaining mitochondrial iron uptake in developing erythroid cells; mitoferrin-2 is ubiquitously expressed. Defects in Mitoferrin-1 and Mitoferrin-2 cause a reduction in mitochondrial iron acquisition and biogenesis of iron-sulfur clusters and heme.

UnificationXref8076
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600200
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600200

Evidence717
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref1177
comment: All organisms are constantly exposed to foreign chemicals every day. These can be man-made (drugs, industrial chemicals) or natural (alkaloids, toxins from plants and animals). Uptake is usually via ingestion but inhalation and transdermal routes are also common. The very nature of many chemicals that make them suitable for uptake by these routes, in other words their lipophilicty (favours fat solubility) is also the main reason organisms have developed mechanisms that convert them to hydrophilic (favours water solubility) compounds which are readily excreted via bile and urine. Otherwise, lipophilic chemicals would accumulate in the body and overwhelm defense mechanisms. This process is called biotransformation and is catalyzed by enzymes mainly in the liver of higher organisms but a number of other organs have considerable ability to process xenobiotica such as kidneys, gut and lungs. As well as xenobiotics, many endogenous compounds are commonly eliminated by this process. This mechanism is of ancient origin and a major factor for its development in animals is plants. Most animals are plant eaters and thus are subject to a huge variety of chemical compounds which plants produce to stop themselves being eaten. This complex set of enzymes have several features which make them ideal for biotransformation; (1) metabolites of the parent chemical are usually made more water soluble so it favours rapid excretion via bile and urine (2) the enzymes possess broad and overlapping specificity to be able to deal with newly exposed chemicals (3) metabolites of the parent generally don't have adverse biological effects. In the real world however, all these criteria have exceptions. Many chemicals are transformed into reactive metabolites. In pharmacology, the metabolites of some parent drugs exert the desired pharmacological effect but in the case of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which can undergo epoxidation, it results in the formation of an electrophile which can …

UnificationXref8077
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600201
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600201

UnificationXref8078
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_215716
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_215716.2

Evidence719
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20873749
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20522547
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21776984
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18425540
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15509595
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21298097
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12785837
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11823441
comment: Frataxin (FXN) specifically binds 2 atoms of ferrous iron per monomer (reviewed in Stemmler et al. 2010). Iron bound to Frataxin may (Yoon and Cowan 2003, Gerber et al. 2003) or may not (Schmucker et al. 2011) enhance the interaction of Frataxin with NFS1, ICSU, and ISD11. Frataxin was shown to stimulate the cysteine desulfurase activity of NFS1 and was proposed to be a regulator of sulfur production (Tsai et al. 2010). The formation of sulfide by NFS1 is most efficiently observed when NFS1 is in complex with ISD11, ISCU, and FXN in the presence of cysteine and iron. This means that only the complete system of NFS1, ISD11, ISCU, FXN, cysteine, and iron is fully active as a desulfurase. FXN therefore seems to be a regulator of the cysteine desulfurase permitting sulfide production only when all components needed for Fe-S cluster synthesis are present and the ISCU-bound Fe-S cluster can be formed.

UnificationXref8079
type: UnificationXref
id: 110149
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110149

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9UU78
data source: Provenance1
name: Q9UU78
name: P05386
name: 60S acidic ribosomal protein P1
xref: UnificationXref36
feature: FragmentFeature15
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598703
display name: RPLP1

Homologues of RPL30
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref54
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598903

UnificationXref297
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598442
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598442

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P25457
data source: Provenance1
name: P18124
name: 60S ribosomal protein L7
name: P25457
xref: UnificationXref48
feature: FragmentFeature20
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599015
display name: RPL7

UnificationXref298
type: UnificationXref
id: O13784
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O60143
data source: Provenance1
name: P18124
name: O60143
name: 60S ribosomal protein L7
xref: UnificationXref46
feature: FragmentFeature19
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599011
display name: RPL7

UnificationXref295
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598543
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598543

Homologues of RPL7
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref49
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599016

UnificationXref296
type: UnificationXref
id: O59865
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O94238
data source: Provenance1
name: CAG-ISL 7
name: 60S ribosomal protein L14
name: O94238
xref: UnificationXref44
feature: FragmentFeature18
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598768
display name: RPL14

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9URT8
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L34
name: P49207
name: Q9URT8
xref: UnificationXref41
feature: FragmentFeature17
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598924
display name: RPL34

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O42846
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L34
name: P49207
name: O42846
xref: UnificationXref39
feature: FragmentFeature16
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598920
display name: RPL34

UnificationXref299
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598446
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598446

Homologues of RPL34
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref42
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598925

Evidence710
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18357469
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19463
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2573352
comment: Extracellular glutathione can be hydrolyzed to give cysteinylglycine (Cys-Gly) and gamma glutamate, which, in the presence of amino acids, can form a gamma-glutamate:AA product (Heisterkamp et al, 2008). This hydrolysis provides cells with a cysteine supply and contributes to the maintainance of intracellular glutathione levels (Tate and Ross, 1977; Pawlak et al, 1989).

UnificationXref8081
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600189
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600189

Evidence711
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3053703
comment: The combination of glutamate, cysteine and ATP is required to form glutathione. The steps involved in the synthesis and recycling of glutathione are outlined (Meister, 1988).

UnificationXref8080
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2790
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2790.2

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9UTP0
data source: Provenance1
name: P04645
name: Q9UTP0
name: 60S ribosomal protein L30
xref: UnificationXref51
feature: FragmentFeature21
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598898
display name: RPL30

Evidence712
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: PublicationXref1181
comment: Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs; EC 2.5.1.18) are another major set of phase II conjugation enzymes. They can be found in the cytosol as well as being microsomal membrane-bound. Cytosolic GSTs are encoded by at least 5 gene families (alpha, mu, pi, theta and zeta GST) whereas membrane-bound enzymes are encoded by single genes. Soluble GSTs are homo- or hetero-dimeric enzymes (approximately 25KDa subunits) which can act on a wide range of endogenous and exogenous electrophiles. GSTs mediate conjugation using glutathione (GSH), a tripeptide synthesized from its precursor amino acids gamma-glutamate, cysteine and glycine. A generalized reaction is RX + GSH -> HX + GSR Glutathione conjugates are excreted in bile and converted to cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates in the intestine and kidneys. GSH is the major, low molecular weight, non-protein thiol synthesized de novo in mammalian cells. As well as taking part in conjugation reactions, GSH also has antioxidant ability and can metabolize endogenous and exogenous compounds. The nucleophilic GSH attacks the electrophilic substrate forming a thioether bond between the cysteine residue of GSH and the electrophile. The result is generally a less reactive and more water-soluble conjugate that can be easily excreted. In some cases, GSTs can activate compounds to reactive species such as certain haloalkanes and haloalkenes. Substrates for GSTs include epoxides, alkenes and compounds with electrophilic carbon, sulfur or nitrogen centres. There are two types of conjugation reaction with glutathione: displacement reactions where glutathione displaces an electron-withdrawing group and addition reactions where glutathione is added to activated double bond structures or strained ring systems.

UnificationXref8066
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_225600
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_225600.2

UnificationXref8067
type: UnificationXref
id: 110151
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110151

UnificationXref8064
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600183
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600183

Evidence729
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/21755941
comment: Cytosolic ADAL (Adenosine DeAminase-Like) catalyzes the reaction of abacavir monophosphate and water to form carbovir monophosphate and cyclopropylamine. The active form of the enzyme is a protein monomer complexed with a zinc ion (Murakami et al. 2011).

UnificationXref8065
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600184
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600184

Evidence728
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12399160
comment: Cytosolic ADH alpha dimer catalyzes the reaction of abacavir and NAD to form abacavir 5'-carboxylate and NADH + H+. Abacavir 5'-carboxylate is one of the major forms in which abacavir is excreted from the body. Studies with purified enzymes in vitro indicate that only the alpha isoform of ADH has this activity. These studies also suggest that the reaction proceeds in two steps via an unstable aldehyde intermediate (Walsh et al. 2002). Whether conversion of the aldehyde to the carboxylate is spontaneous or also catalyzed by ADH has not been established.

UnificationXref8062
type: UnificationXref
id: 110153
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110153

Evidence727
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10747205
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19879980
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15491402
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16679072
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17573207
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9050246
comment: In capillaries of the lungs erythrocytes release carbon dioxide (CO2) and acquire oxygen (O2). In other tissues of the body the reverse reaction occurs (reviewed in Nikinmaa 1997, Jensen 2004). In the lungs, CO2 bound as carbamate to the N-terminus of hemoglobin (HbA) and protons bound to histidine residues in HbA are released as HbA binds oxygen. Bicarbonate (HCO3-) present in plasma is taken up by erythrocytes via the band3 anion exchanger (AE1, SLC4A1) and combined with protons by carbonic anhydrases I and II (CA1, CA2) to yield water and CO2 (reviewed by Esbaugh & Tufts 2006, De Rosa et al. 2007). The CO2 is passively transported out of the erythrocyte by AQP1 and RhAG. HCO3- in plasma is also directly dehydrated by extracellular carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4) present on endothelial cells lining the capillaries in the lung. In non-pulmonary tissues CO2 in plasma is hydrated to yield protons and HCO3- by CA4 located on the apical plasma membranes of endothelial cells. Plasma CO2 is also taken up by erythrocytes via AQP1 and RhAG. Within erythrocytes CA1 and, predominantly, CA2 hydrate CO2 to yield HCO3- and protons (reviewed in Geers & Gros 2000, Jensen 2004, Boron 2010). HCO3- is transferred out of the erythrocyte by the band 3 anion exchange protein (AE1, SLC4A1) which cotransports a chloride ion into the erythrocyte. Also within the erythrocyte, CO2 combines with the N-terminal alpha amino groups of HbA to form carbamates while protons bind histidine residues in HbA. The net result is the Bohr effect, a conformational change in HbA that reduces its affinity for O2 and hence assists the delivery of O2 to tissues.

UnificationXref8063
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2459
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2459.1

Evidence726
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19879980
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15491402
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16679072
comment: Erythrocytes circulating through the capillaries of the lung must exchange carbon dioxide (CO2) for oxygen (O2) during their short (0.5-1 sec.) transit time in pulmonary tissue (Reviewed in Jensen 2004, Esbaugh and Tufts 2006, Boron 2010). CO2 bound as carbamate to the N-terminus of hemoglobin and protons (H+) bound to histidine residues in hemoglobin are released as hemoglobin (HbA) binds O2. Bicarbonate (HCO3-) present in plasma is taken up by erythrocytes via the band3 anion exchanger (AE1, SLC4A1) and combined with H+ by carbonic anhydrases I and II (CA1/CA2) to yield water and CO2 (Reviewed by Esbaugh and Tufts 2006). CO2 is passively transported out of the erythrocyte by AQP1 and RhAG. HCO3- in plasma is also directly dehydrated by extracellular carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4) present on endothelial cells lining the capillaries in the lung.

UnificationXref8060
type: UnificationXref
id: P25009
db: UniProt

Evidence725
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12933803
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11606574
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8972395
comment: The band 3 anion exchange protein (AE1, SLC4A1) exchanges chloride (Cl-) for bicarbonate (HCO3-) across the plasma membrane according to the concentration gradients of the anions (Knauf et al. 1996, Dahl et al. 2003). SLC4A1 may be part of a complex ("metabolon") with carbonic anhydrase II (CA2) which would facilitate the transport of HCO3- (Sterling et al. 2001).

UnificationXref8061
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600180
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600180

Evidence724
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10747205
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19879980
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15491402
comment: Carbon dioxide (CO2) in plasma is hydrated to yield protons (H+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) by carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4) located on the apical plasma membranes of endothelial cells. Plasma CO2 is also taken up by erythrocytes via AQP1 and RhAG. Within erythrocytes CA1 and, predominantly, CA2 hydrate CO2 to HCO3- and protons (reviewed in Geers & Gros 2000, Jensen 2004, Boron 2010). The HCO3- is transferred out of the erythrocyte by the band 3 anion exchange protein (AE1, SLC4A1) which cotransports a chloride ion (Cl-) into the erythrocyte. Also within the erythrocyte, CO2 combines with the N-terminal alpha amino groups of HbA to form carbamates while protons bind histidine residues in HbA. The net result is the Bohr effect, a conformational change in HbA that reduces its affinity for O2 and hence assists the delivery of O2 to tissues.

UnificationXref8068
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2780
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2780.1

UnificationXref8069
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600181
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600181

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74905
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L9
name: O74905
name: P32969
xref: UnificationXref20
feature: FragmentFeature8
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599032
display name: RPL9

Homologues of RPL9
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
member physical entity: Q10232
xref: UnificationXref23
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599037
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

Homologues of RPL11
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref28
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598741
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

Q10232
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:Q10232
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: 60S ribosomal protein L9
name: P32969
xref: UnificationXref22
feature: FragmentFeature9
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599036
display name: RPL9

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O14337
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L11
name: P39026
name: O14337
xref: UnificationXref27
feature: FragmentFeature11
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598740
display name: RPL11

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:Q10157
data source: Provenance1
name: Q10157
name: 60S ribosomal protein L11
name: P39026
xref: UnificationXref25
feature: FragmentFeature10
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598736
display name: RPL11

Homologues of RPLP1
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: P17476
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref37
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598704
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9P769
data source: Provenance1
name: QM protein
name: Tumor suppressor QM
name: 60S ribosomal protein L10
name: Q9P769
name: Laminin receptor homolog
xref: UnificationXref30
feature: FragmentFeature12
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598721
display name: RPL10

UnificationXref8070
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600182
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600182

P17476
type: Protein
entity reference: P17476
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: P05386
name: 60S acidic ribosomal protein P1
xref: UnificationXref34
feature: FragmentFeature14
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598699
display name: RPLP1

Evidence722
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20873749
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20522547
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20060739
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22382365
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22609301
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19675643
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19021507
comment: Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins are localized in the cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondria of mammalian cells (reviewed in Stemmler et al. 2010, Rouault 2012, Bandyopadhyay et al. 2008, Lill 2009, Lill et al. 2012). Fe-S protein biogenesis in the mitochondrial matrix involves the iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly machinery. Ferrous iron is transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix by Mitoferrin-1 (SLC25A37) and Mitoferrin-2 (SLC25A28). (Mitoferrin-1 is enriched in erythroid cells while Mitoferrin-2 is ubiquitous.) Frataxin binds ferrous iron in the mitochondrial matrix. The cysteine desulfurase NFS1 in a subcomplex with ISD11 provides the sulfur by converting cyteine into alanine and forming a persulfide which is used for cluster formation on ISCU, the scaffold protein. Interaction between NFS1 and ISD11 is necessary for desulfurase activity. Frataxin binds to a complex containing NFS1, ISD11, and ISCU and is proposed to function as an iron donor to ISCU or as an allosteric switch that activates sulfur transfer and Fe-S cluster assembly (Tsai and Barondeau 2010). Cluster formation also involves the electron transfer chain ferredoxin reductase and ferredoxin. ISCU initially forms clusters containing 2 iron atoms and 2 sulfur atoms ([2Fe-2S] clusters). They are released by the function of HSP70-HSC20 chaperones and the monothiol glutaredoxin GLRX5 and used for assembly of [2Fe-2S] proteins. Assembly of larger clusters such as [4Fe-4S] clusters may involve the function of ISCA1, ISCA2, and IBA57. The clusters are transferred to apo-enzymes such as the respiratory complexes, aconitase, and lipoate synthase through dedicated targeting factors such as IND1, NFU1, and BOLA3.

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P17477
data source: Provenance1
name: P17477
name: P05386
name: 60S acidic ribosomal protein P1
xref: UnificationXref32
feature: FragmentFeature13
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598695
display name: RPLP1

Evidence723
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12933803
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/11606574
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8972395
comment: The band 3 anion exchange protein (AE1, SLC4A1) exchanges chloride (Cl-) for bicarbonate (HCO3-) across the plasma membrane according to the concentration gradients of the anions (Knauf et al. 1996, Dahl et al. 2003). SLC4A1 may be part of a complex ("metabolon") with carbonic anhydrase II (CA2) which would facilitate the transport of HCO3- (Sterling et al. 2001).

Evidence720
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1567230
comment: Two electrons and one proton are transferred from NADPH to the FAD moiety of ferredoxin reductase. A proton from the medium is also taken up by ferredoxin reductase.

Evidence721
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20547883
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10899784
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22101253
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7050653
comment: NADPH, ferredoxin reductase (FDXR, Adrenodoxin reductase), and ferredoxins (FDX1, FDX1L) comprise a short electron transport chain that provides electrons for biosynthesis of iron-sulfur clusters and steroid hormones (Sheftel et al. 2010, Shi et al. 2012, reviewed in Grinberg et al. 2000, Lambeth et al. 1982).

L-Isoleucine [ChEBI:17191]
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: L-Isoleucine
name: 2-Amino-3-methylvaleric acid
xref: UnificationXref4451

UnificationXref8053
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600228
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600228

UnificationXref8054
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600230
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600230

Evidence739
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/7980580
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8537108
comment: Natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (NRAMPs) regulates macrophage activation for antimicrobial activity against intracellular pathogens. They do this by mediating metal ion transport across macrophage membranes and the subsequent use of these ions in the control of free radical formation. The human gene SLC11A1 encodes NRAMP1 (Kishi F, 2004; Kishi F and Nobumoto M, 1995) which can utilize the protonmotive force to mediate divalent iron (Fe2+), zinc (Zn2+) and manganese (Mn2+) influx to or efflux from phagosomes.

UnificationXref8055
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_204936
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_204936.2

UnificationXref8056
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607386
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607386

Evidence736
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20522543
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/16824008
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22382365
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22609301
comment: Iron-sulfur clusters containing 4 atoms of iron and 4 atoms of sulfur (4Fe-4S clusters) are assembled in the cytosol on a heterotetrameric scaffold composed of NUBP2 and NUBP1 subunits (reviewed in Lill et al. 2012, Rouault et al. 2012, Sharma et al. 2010, Lill and Muhlenhoff 2006). The sources of iron and sulfur are uncertain but the process requires a sulfur-containing compound exported from mitochondria via ABCB7 (ABC7). Newly synthesized 4Fe-4S are transferred to apoproteins such as XPD and POLD1 via the CIA targeting complex, composed of NARFL, CIAO1, FAM96B, and MMS19.

UnificationXref8050
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_4681
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_4681.2

Evidence735
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22678362
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22678361
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/23150669
comment: A complex of four proteins termed CIA targeting complex is involved in the delivery of the NUBP1-NUBP2-bound Fe/S cluster to specific target apoproteins. NARFL (IOP1, Nar1 in yeast) is similar in sequence to iron-only hydrogenases and binds two [4Fe-4S] clusters. These cofactors are essential for biogenesis but their molecular function is unknown. The WD40 domain protein CIAO1 (Cia1 in yeast) forms a propeller-like structure which may serve as a docking site for the other members of the CIA targeting complex. The role of FAM96B (YHR122W, CIA2 in yeast) and MMS19 is still unclear, but they show some specificity for the delivery of Fe/S clusters into certain target apoproteins. They directly interact with numerous Fe/S target proteins including many proteins involved in nuclear DNA integrity and maintenance such as DNA polymerases (POLD1), helicases of the DNA repair pathway (XPD or FANCJ) or of telomere maintenance (RTEL1), and primases. Cells with mutated MMS19 are hypersensitive to DNA damage and have elongated telomeres therefore these target proteins are relevant to various cancer-related diseases and aging.

UnificationXref8051
type: UnificationXref
id: 110187
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110187

Evidence738
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17662945
comment: The function of V-type proton pumping ATPases is basically the same as that of F-type ATPases, except that V-ATPases cannot synthesize ATP from the proton motive force, the reverse reaction of pumping. When pumping, ATP hydrolysis drives a 120 degree rotation of the rotor which leads to movement of three protons into the phagosome (Adachi et al. 2007).

UnificationXref8052
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2655
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2655.1

Evidence737
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
comment: Metabolic processes in human cells generate energy through the oxidation of molecules consumed in the diet and mediate the synthesis of diverse essential molecules not taken in the diet as well as the inactivation and elimination of toxic ones generated endogenously or present in the extracellular environment. The processes of energy metabolism can be classified into two groups according to whether they involve carbohydrate-derived or lipid-derived molecules, and within each group it is useful to distinguish processes that mediate the breakdown and oxidation of these molecules to yield energy from ones that mediate their synthesis and storage as internal energy reserves. Synthetic reactions are conveniently grouped by the chemical nature of the end products, such as nucleotides, amino acids and related molecules, and porphyrins. Detoxification reactions (biological oxidations) are likewise conveniently classified by the chemical nature of the toxin. At the same time, all of these processes are tightly integrated. Intermediates in reactions of energy generation are starting materials for biosyntheses of amino acids and other compounds, broad-specificity oxidoreductase enzymes can be involved in both detoxification reactions and biosyntheses, and hormone-mediated signaling processes function to coordinate the operation of energy-generating and energy-storing reactions and to couple these to other biosynthetic processes.

Metabolism of nitric oxide
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: REACT 188371.3
evidence: Evidence419
xref: RelationshipXref432
xref: UnificationXref3206
xref: UnificationXref3207
pathway order: PathwayStep414
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref8057
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_237521
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_237521.1

UnificationXref8058
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607385
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607385

UnificationXref8059
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_251365
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_251365.1

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12450384
type: PublicationXref
id: 12450384
author: Zhang, Y
author: Desharnais, J
author: Beardsley, GP
author: Wilson, IA
author: Greasley, SE
author: Boger, DL
db: Pubmed
title: Crystal structures of human GAR Tfase at low and high pH and with substrate beta-GAR
source: Biochemistry 41:14206-14215
year: 2002

Evidence731
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18479171
comment: Abacavir activation proceeds steps of phosphorylation, deamination to yield carbovir monophosphate, and phosphorylation of the latter compound to yield the triphosphate. In addition, abacavir can be conjugated with glucuronide or oxidized to its 5'-carboxylate derivative, the two major forms in which it is excreted from the body (Yuen et al. 2008).

Evidence732
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18479171
comment: Abacavir is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor with antiretroviral activity, widely used in combination with other drugs to treat HIV-1 infection (Yuen et al. 2008). Its uptake across the plasma membrane is mediated by organic cation transporters SLC22A1, 2, and 3; the transport proteins ABCB1 and ABCG2 mediate its efflux. Abacavir itself is a prodrug. Activation requires phosphorylation by a cytosolic adenosine phosphotransferase and deamination by ADAL deaminase to yield carbovir monophosphate. Cytosolic nucleotide kinases convert carbovir monophosphate to carbovir triphosphate, the active HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Abacavir can be glucuronidated or oxidized to a 5'-carboxylate; these are the major forms in which it is excreted from the body.

Evidence733
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18625724
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20802492
comment: Cytosolic Fe/S protein biogenesis depends on the electron transfer chain from NAD(P)H to the Fe/S protein (CIAPIN1 in humans, DRE2 in yeast) via the flavoprotein NDOR1 (TAH18 in yeast). The precise role of electrons in the assembly process is unclear but in the absence of the electron chain the stable [4Fe-4S] cluster of NUBP1 is not assembled. CIAPIN1 binds two Fe/S clusters of the [2Fe-2S] and the [4Fe-4S] type. The [2Fe-2S] cluster is reduced by NDOR1-NADPH.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/2780561
type: PublicationXref
id: 2780561
author: Moyzis, RK
author: Ratliff, RL
author: Meyne, J
db: Pubmed
title: Conservation of the human telomere sequence (TTAGGG)n among vertebrates
source: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86:7049-53
year: 1989

Evidence734
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18573874
comment: A [4Fe-4S] cluster is assembled on a scaffold composed of the P-loop NTPases NUBP2 (CFD1 in yeast) and NUBP1 (Nbp35 in yeast) in a nucleotide-dependent fashion. The two proteins form a heterotetramer which transiently binds the [4Fe-4S] cluster in a bridged form between two subunits of the complex. The Fe/S cluster is bound to two highly conserved Cys residues in the C-termini of each of these proteins. NUBP1 contains an additional, stably associated [4Fe-4S] cluster at its N-terminus which is essential for function. Mitochondria play a crucial role in cytosolic and nuclear Fe/S protein biogenesis. They export via a mitochondrial ABC transporter (yeast ATM1, human ABCB7) a still unknown, sulfur-containing compound which is essential for Fe/S cluster assembly in the cytosol. The general cytosolic iron donor, the multi-domain monothiol glutaredoxin (human GRX3 or PICOT, yeast Grx3-Grx4) plays a crucial role in cytosolic-nuclear Fe/S protein biogenesis. The precise molecular function of the glutaredoxin is still unclear.

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12721290
type: PublicationXref
id: 12721290
author: Maness, PF
author: Richter, M
author: Midkiff, BR
author: Buhusi, M
author: Gates, AM
author: Schachner, M
db: Pubmed
title: Close homolog of L1 is an enhancer of integrin-mediated cell migration
source: J Biol Chem 278:25024-31
year: 2003

Evidence730
type: Evidence
evidence code: EvidenceCodeVocabulary1
xref: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/1383219
comment: Cytosolic GUK1 (guanylate kinase 1) catalyzes the reaction of carbovir monophosphate and ATP to form carbovir diphosphate and ADP. The activity of human GUK1 is inferred from that of the corresponding pig protein (Miller et al. 1992).

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P40372
data source: Provenance1
name: HIV-1 TAR RNA binding protein B
name: P40372
name: TARBP-B
name: 60S ribosomal protein L3
xref: UnificationXref128
feature: FragmentFeature53
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598886
display name: RPL3

Homologues of RPL3
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref131
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598891
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74175
data source: Provenance1
name: Breast basic conserved protein 1
name: O74175
name: 60S ribosomal protein L13
xref: UnificationXref133
feature: FragmentFeature55
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598751
display name: RPL13

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:P36584
data source: Provenance1
name: HIV-1 TAR RNA binding protein B
name: TARBP-B
name: 60S ribosomal protein L3
name: P36584
xref: UnificationXref130
feature: FragmentFeature54
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598890
display name: RPL3

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O42706
data source: Provenance1
name: O42706
name: P46778
name: 60S ribosomal protein L21
xref: UnificationXref125
feature: FragmentFeature52
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598818
display name: RPL21

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9UUC1
data source: Provenance1
name: Q9UUC1
name: P46778
name: 60S ribosomal protein L21
xref: UnificationXref123
feature: FragmentFeature51
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598814
display name: RPL21

UnificationXref250
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598364
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598364

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12766759
type: PublicationXref
id: 12766759
author: Inohara, N
author: Nunez, G
db: Pubmed
title: NODs: intracellular proteins involved in inflammation and apoptosis
source: Nat Rev Immunol 3:371-82
year: 2003

UnificationXref249
type: UnificationXref
id: O14062
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/10441588
type: PublicationXref
id: 10441588
author: Li, TK
author: Chen, CC
author: Wang, MF
author: Chen, YC
author: Chang, YC
author: Yin, SJ
author: Lu, RB
db: Pubmed
title: Interaction between the functional polymorphisms of the alcohol-metabolism genes in protection against alcoholism.
source: Am J Hum Genet 65:795-807
year: 1999

UnificationXref248
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598360
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598360

UniProt:Q09926
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref8852
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q09925
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref2863
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UniProt:Q09924
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref9042
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

UnificationXref241
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598438
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598438

UnificationXref240
type: UnificationXref
id: P79057
db: UniProt

UnificationXref243
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598409
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598409

UnificationXref242
type: UnificationXref
id: P79016
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O13672
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L7a
name: PLA-X polypeptide
name: Surfeit locus protein 3
name: O13672
xref: UnificationXref135
feature: FragmentFeature56
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599020
display name: RPL7A

UnificationXref245
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598413
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598413

Homologues of RPL3L
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref138
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598894

UnificationXref244
type: UnificationXref
id: P58234
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19303758
type: PublicationXref
id: 19303758
author: Hemmings, BA
author: Bozulic, L
db: Pubmed
title: PIKKing on PKB: regulation of PKB activity by phosphorylation
source: Curr Opin Cell Biol 21:256-61
year: 2009

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P40372
data source: Provenance1
name: Q92901
name: P40372
name: 60S ribosomal protein L3-like
xref: UnificationXref136
feature: FragmentFeature57
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598892
display name: RPL3L

UnificationXref247
type: UnificationXref
id: O74322
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:P36584
data source: Provenance1
name: Q92901
name: 60S ribosomal protein L3-like
name: P36584
xref: UnificationXref137
feature: FragmentFeature58
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598893
display name: RPL3L

UnificationXref246
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598414
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598414

Homologues of RPLP2
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref119
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598717

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P05767
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L39
name: P05767
name: P02404
xref: UnificationXref112
feature: FragmentFeature46
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598978
display name: RPL39

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: UniProt:Q10192
data source: Provenance1
name: Q10192
name: Q07020
name: 60S ribosomal protein L18
xref: UnificationXref109
feature: FragmentFeature45
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598794
display name: RPL18

Q8TFH1
type: Protein
entity reference: Q8TFH1
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: Q07020
name: 60S ribosomal protein L18
xref: UnificationXref107
feature: FragmentFeature44
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598790
display name: RPL18

Homologues of RPL18
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
member physical entity: Q8TFH1
xref: UnificationXref110
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598795

UnificationXref260
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598379
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598379

UnificationXref261
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9UTQ6
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15809071
type: PublicationXref
id: 15809071
author: Ishibashi, K
author: Uchida, S
author: Ko, SB
author: Sasaki, S
author: Kuwahara, M
author: Rai, T
author: Itoh, T
db: Pubmed
title: Identification of a novel aquaporin, AQP12, expressed in pancreatic acinar cells
source: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 330:832-8
year: 2005

UnificationXref259
type: UnificationXref
id: O94715
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12766774
type: PublicationXref
id: 12766774
author: Piwnica-Worms, H
author: Bulavin, DV
author: Demidenko, ZN
author: Graves, P
author: Zhao, H
author: Fornace AJ, Jr
author: Appella, E
author: Moody, SA
author: Higashimoto, Y
author: Phillips, C
author: Meek, S
db: Pubmed
title: Dual phosphorylation controls Cdc25 phosphatases and mitotic entry
source: Nat Cell Biol 5:545-51
year: 2003

UnificationXref254
type: UnificationXref
id: P05752
db: UniProt

UnificationXref253
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598525
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598525

Homologues of RPL21
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref126
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598819

UnificationXref252
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9C0Z7
db: UniProt

UnificationXref251
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598365
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598365

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O14317
data source: Provenance1
name: P05387
name: O14317
name: 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2
xref: UnificationXref118
feature: FragmentFeature49
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598716
display name: RPLP2

UnificationXref258
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598469
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598469

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P79071
data source: Provenance1
name: P79071
name: Neoplasm-related protein C140
name: 60S ribosomal protein L6
name: TAXREB107
name: TAX-responsive enhancer element binding protein 107
xref: UnificationXref121
feature: FragmentFeature50
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5599007
display name: RPL6

UnificationXref257
type: UnificationXref
id: O74330
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P17478
data source: Provenance1
name: P17478
name: P05387
name: 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2
xref: UnificationXref114
feature: FragmentFeature47
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598708
display name: RPLP2

UnificationXref256
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598530
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598530

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: P08094
data source: Provenance1
name: P05387
name: 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2
name: P08094
xref: UnificationXref116
feature: FragmentFeature48
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598712
display name: RPLP2

UnificationXref255
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598529
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598529

UnificationXref270
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598490
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598490

UnificationXref271
type: UnificationXref
id: P0C016
db: UniProt

UnificationXref272
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598470
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598470

Homologues of RPL38
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: 60S ribosomal protein L38
xref: UnificationXref95
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598974

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74864
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S acidic ribosomal protein P0
name: RPLP0
name: O74864
xref: UnificationXref90
feature: FragmentFeature37
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598691
display name: L10E

60S ribosomal protein L38
type: Protein
entity reference: Q09900
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: Q09900
name: P23411
xref: UnificationXref94
feature: FragmentFeature39
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598973
display name: RPL38

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/22768106
type: PublicationXref
id: 22768106
author: Chou, Shiuh-Dih
author: Gong, Jianlin
author: Prince, T
author: Calderwood, Stuart K
db: Pubmed
title: mTOR is essential for the proteotoxic stress response, HSF1 activation and heat shock protein synthesis
source: PLoS ONE 7:e39679
year: 2012

60S ribosomal protein L38
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9USR7
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: Q9USR7
name: P23411
xref: UnificationXref92
feature: FragmentFeature38
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598969
display name: RPL38

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9499401
type: PublicationXref
id: 9499401
author: Morimoto, R I
author: Shi, Y
author: Mosser, D D
db: Pubmed
title: Molecular chaperones as HSF1-specific transcriptional repressors
source: Genes Dev. 12:654-66
year: 1998

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17996737
type: PublicationXref
id: 17996737
author: Chacinska, A
author: Guiard, B
author: Milenkovic, D
author: Stojanovski, D
author: Müller, JM
author: Pfanner, N
db: Pubmed
title: The MIA system for protein import into the mitochondrial intermembrane space
source: Biochim Biophys Acta 1783:610-7
year: 2008

Homologues of RPL19
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: 60S ribosomal protein L19
xref: UnificationXref100
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598810

UnificationXref267
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598498
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598498

60S ribosomal protein L19
type: Protein
entity reference: O42699
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: O42699
name: P14118
xref: UnificationXref97
feature: FragmentFeature40
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598805
display name: RPL19

UnificationXref266
type: UnificationXref
id: O94438
db: UniProt

60S ribosomal protein L19
type: Protein
entity reference: P05734
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: P14118
name: P05734
xref: UnificationXref99
feature: FragmentFeature41
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598809
display name: RPL19

UnificationXref269
type: UnificationXref
id: O42952
db: UniProt

Homologues of RPL23
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref105
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598834

UnificationXref268
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598499
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598499

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O94292
data source: Provenance1
name: RPL23
name: 60S ribosomal protein L23
name: O94292
xref: UnificationXref102
feature: FragmentFeature42
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598827
display name: L17

UnificationXref263
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598384
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598384

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O42867
data source: Provenance1
name: RPL23
name: 60S ribosomal protein L23
name: O42867
xref: UnificationXref104
feature: FragmentFeature43
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598833
display name: L17

UnificationXref262
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598383
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598383

UnificationXref265
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598494
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598494

UnificationXref264
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09781
db: UniProt

UnificationXref282
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598349
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598349

UnificationXref283
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598350
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598350

UnificationXref280
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598345
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598345

UnificationXref281
type: UnificationXref
id: O14112
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O14339
data source: Provenance1
name: RPL17
name: O14339
name: 60S ribosomal protein L17
xref: UnificationXref75
feature: FragmentFeature31
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598785
display name: L23

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O59794
data source: Provenance1
name: RPL17
name: O59794
name: 60S ribosomal protein L17
xref: UnificationXref73
feature: FragmentFeature30
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598781
display name: L23

CTLA4 inhibitory signaling
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction1087
evidence: Evidence1797
xref: UnificationXref10949
xref: UnificationXref10948
pathway order: PathwayStep1770
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Homologues of RPL17
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref76
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598786

UnificationXref8098
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_207049
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_207049.2

UnificationXref8097
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600205
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600205

UnificationXref8099
type: UnificationXref
id: 110182
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110182

UnificationXref8094
type: UnificationXref
id: 110180
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=110180

UnificationXref8093
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_218745
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_218745.2

UnificationXref8096
type: UnificationXref
id: 5600204
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5600204

UnificationXref8095
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_5125
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_5125.1

UniProt:Q02592
type: ProteinReference
xref: UnificationXref6190
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

Q9HGL8
type: Protein
entity reference: Q9HGL8
data source: Provenance1
name: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
name: 60S ribosomal protein L37a
name: P12751
xref: UnificationXref80
feature: FragmentFeature33
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598960
display name: RPL37A

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O94686
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L37a
name: P12751
name: O94686
xref: UnificationXref82
feature: FragmentFeature34
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598964
display name: RPL37A

UnificationXref279
type: UnificationXref
id: O13614
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18721752
type: PublicationXref
id: 18721752
author: Lane, WS
author: Kaushansky, A
author: MacBeath, G
author: Rush, J
author: Budnik, BA
author: Gordus, A
db: Pubmed
title: System-wide investigation of ErbB4 reveals 19 sites of Tyr phosphorylation that are unusually selective in their recruitment properties
source: Chem Biol 15:808-17
year: 2008

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O74904
data source: Provenance1
name: P42766
name: 60S ribosomal protein L35
name: O74904
xref: UnificationXref78
feature: FragmentFeature32
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598929
display name: RPL35

UnificationXref278
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598424
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598424

Homologues of RPL37A
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Q9HGL8
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref83
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598965

UnificationXref277
type: UnificationXref
id: O74892
db: UniProt

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: Q92365
data source: Provenance1
name: 60S ribosomal protein L36
name: Q92365
name: Q9Y3U8
xref: UnificationXref87
feature: FragmentFeature36
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598946
display name: RPL36

UnificationXref276
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598420
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598420

UnificationXref275
type: UnificationXref
id: O14469
db: UniProt

Homologues of RPL36
type: Protein
data source: Provenance1
member physical entity: Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
xref: UnificationXref88
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598947
comment: Converted from EntitySet in Reactome

UnificationXref274
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598476
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598476

Note: the coordinates are copied over from Homo sapiens.
type: Protein
entity reference: O94658
data source: Provenance1
name: O94658
name: 60S ribosomal protein L36
name: Q9Y3U8
xref: UnificationXref85
feature: FragmentFeature35
cellular location: GO_0005829
comment: Reactome DB_ID: 5598942
display name: RPL36

UnificationXref273
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10421
db: UniProt

SequenceSite1658
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite1659
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 226

SequenceSite1656
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

IRE1alpha activates chaperones
type: Pathway
data source: Provenance1
pathway component: XBP1(S) activates chaperone genes
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction985
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction986
pathway component: BiochemicalReaction987
evidence: Evidence1635
xref: UnificationXref9907
xref: UnificationXref9908
xref: RelationshipXref1269
pathway order: PathwayStep1615
pathway order: PathwayStep1591
pathway order: PathwayStep1592
pathway order: PathwayStep1593
comment: This event has been computationally inferred from an event that has been demonstrated in another species. The inference is based on the homology mapping in Ensembl Compara. Briefly, reactions for which all involved PhysicalEntities (in input, output and catalyst) have a mapped orthologue/paralogue (for complexes at least 75% of components must have a mapping) are inferred to the other species. High level events are also inferred for these events to allow for easier navigation. More details and caveats of the event inference in Reactome. For details on the Ensembl Compara system see also: Gene orthology/paralogy prediction method.
organism: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/4896

SequenceSite1657
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 617

UnificationXref202
type: UnificationXref
id: P56329
db: UniProt

UnificationXref203
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598611
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598611

UnificationXref200
type: UnificationXref
id: 29438
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=29438

UnificationXref201
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_2875
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_2875.1

UnificationXref206
type: UnificationXref
id: P56286
db: UniProt

UnificationXref207
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598607
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598607

UnificationXref204
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09130
db: UniProt

UnificationXref205
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598615
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598615

UnificationXref208
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598616
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598616

UnificationXref209
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598617
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598617

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/20494131
type: PublicationXref
id: 20494131
author: Welin, M
author: Nordlund, P
db: Pubmed
title: Understanding specificity in metabolic pathways--structural biology of human nucleotide metabolism
source: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 396:157-63
year: 2010

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8682206
type: PublicationXref
id: 8682206
author: Authier, F
author: Bergeron, JJ
author: Posner, BI
db: Pubmed
title: Endosomal proteolysis of internalized proteins.
source: FEBS Lett 389:55-60
year: 1996

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12184727
type: PublicationXref
id: 12184727
author: Tseng, LF
author: Sora, I
author: Narita, M
author: Mizoguchi, H
author: Suzuki, T
db: Pubmed
title: Differential mechanism of G-protein activation induced by endogenous mu-opioid peptides, endomorphin and beta-endorphin
source: Jpn J Pharmacol 89:229-34
year: 2002

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17567461
type: PublicationXref
id: 17567461
author: Lemasters, JJ
db: Pubmed
title: Modulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability in pathogenesis, autophagy and control of metabolism
source: J Gastroenterol Hepatol 22:S31-7
year: 2007

UnificationXref8000
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607397
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607397

UnificationXref8001
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_232656
db: Reactome
id version: 1
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_232656.1

UnificationXref8002
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607653
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607653

SequenceSite1662
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

UnificationXref8003
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_188658
db: Reactome
id version: 3
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_188658.3

SequenceSite1661
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 226

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/9529249
type: PublicationXref
id: 9529249
author: Yarbrough, W G
author: Zhang, Y
author: Xiong, Y
db: Pubmed
title: ARF promotes MDM2 degradation and stabilizes p53: ARF-INK4a locus deletion impairs both the Rb and p53 tumor suppression pathways
source: Cell 92:725-34
year: 1998

UnificationXref8004
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607335
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607335

SequenceSite1660
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8005
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_220241
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_220241.2

UnificationXref8006
type: UnificationXref
id: 5607336
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5607336

SequenceSite1666
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8007
type: UnificationXref
id: REACT_227540
db: Reactome
id version: 2
comment: Reactome stable identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser_st_id?ST_ID=REACT_227540.2

SequenceSite1665
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 427

UnificationXref8008
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606755
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606755

SequenceSite1664
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref8009
type: UnificationXref
id: 5606756
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5606756

SequenceSite1663
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 382

SequenceSite1645
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 840

SequenceSite1646
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1647
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 830

UnificationXref210
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598618
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598618

SequenceSite1648
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref211
type: UnificationXref
id: P55877
db: UniProt

SequenceSite1649
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 205

UnificationXref212
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598603
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598603

UnificationXref213
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9P4W9
db: UniProt

UnificationXref214
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598503
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598503

UnificationXref215
type: UnificationXref
id: P87158
db: UniProt

UnificationXref216
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598507
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598507

UnificationXref217
type: UnificationXref
id: Q9USW5
db: UniProt

UnificationXref218
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598511
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598511

UnificationXref219
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598512
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598512

5-Phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: 5-Phosphoribosyl diphosphate
name: PRPP
name: 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate
name: 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate [ChEBI:17111]
xref: UnificationXref1340

L-Serine
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: L-Serine [ChEBI:17115]
xref: UnificationXref2858

SequenceSite1651
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 155

SequenceSite1650
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1653
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 513

SequenceSite1652
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1655
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 511

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/3594573
type: PublicationXref
id: 3594573
author: Rothman, JE
author: Gleason, ML
author: Serafini, TA
author: Wieland, FT
db: Pubmed
title: The rate of bulk flow from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface
source: Cell 50:289-300
year: 1987

SequenceSite1654
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref224
type: UnificationXref
id: P28189
db: UniProt

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8576264
type: PublicationXref
id: 8576264
author: Shimizu, T
author: Izumi, T
author: Uozumi, N
author: Ogawa, Y
author: Yokomizo, T
author: Kume, K
db: Pubmed
title: cDNA cloning, expression, and mutagenesis study of leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase
source: J Biol Chem 271:2844-50
year: 1996

UnificationXref225
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598369
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598369

UnificationXref222
type: UnificationXref
id: Q10101
db: UniProt

UnificationXref223
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598534
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598534

UnificationXref220
type: UnificationXref
id: O74329
db: UniProt

UnificationXref221
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598480
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598480

SequenceSite1678
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 507

SequenceSite1679
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 645

UnificationXref228
type: UnificationXref
id: O60128
db: UniProt

UnificationXref229
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598484
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598484

UnificationXref226
type: UnificationXref
id: P05764
db: UniProt

UnificationXref227
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598432
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598432

SequenceSite3105
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 10

SequenceSite1680
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 664

SequenceSite3104
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

SequenceSite3107
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

SequenceSite3106
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3101
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 136

SequenceSite3100
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

SequenceSite3103
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 2

Amylotriose
type: SmallMoleculeReference
name: Maltotriose
name: Maltotriose [ChEBI:6672]
xref: UnificationXref864

SequenceSite3102
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 10

SequenceSite1688
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 566

SequenceSite1687
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 676

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19531029
type: PublicationXref
id: 19531029
author: Kawamukai, Makoto
db: Pubmed
title: Biosynthesis and bioproduction of coenzyme Q10 by yeasts and other organisms
source: Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 53:217-26
year: 2009

SequenceSite1686
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

SequenceSite1685
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 664

SequenceSite1684
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 645

SequenceSite1683
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 507

SequenceSite1682
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 676

SequenceSite1681
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 1

UnificationXref233
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598464
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598464

UnificationXref234
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598465
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598465

UnificationXref235
type: UnificationXref
id: Q09757
db: UniProt

UnificationXref236
type: UnificationXref
id: 5598547
db: Reactome Database ID Release 49
comment: Database identifier. Use this URL to connect to the web page of this instance in Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/cgi-bin/eventbrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=5598547

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8940068
type: PublicationXref
id: 8940068
author: Soncin, F
author: Chu, B
author: Stevenson, M A
author: Price, B D
author: Calderwood, S K
db: Pubmed
title: Sequential phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein kinase and glycogen synthase kinase 3 represses transcriptional activation by heat shock factor-1
source: J. Biol. Chem. 271:30847-57
year: 1996

http://identifiers.org/pubmed/15102545
type: PublicationXref
id: 15102545
author: Lewis, DF
db: Pubmed
title: 57 varieties: the human cytochromes P450
source: Pharmacogenomics 5:305-18
year: 2004

SequenceSite1667
type: SequenceSite
position status: EQUAL
sequence position: 483