048039
constant: true
value: 270.0
name: rINSbasal
type: Parameter

COPASI14
constant: false
value: 0.0
name: pluse2
type: Parameter

MODEL1112110002
parameter: COPASI6
name: Farhy2009_GlucagonCounterRegulationModel
parameter: COPASI12
parameter: COPASI11
parameter: COPASI9
parameter: COPASI14
parameter: 048015
parameter: 048099
time units: 687647
parameter: COPASI7
rule: 048195
type: SBMLModel
rule: 048147
rule: 048171
volume units: MODEL1105180000#
parameter: COPASI13
rule: 048123
parameter: COPASI15
parameter: 048027
area units: 802883
parameter: 048075
parameter: COPASI4
parameter: 048003
parameter: 048087
parameter: COPASI8
parameter: 048051
parameter: COPASI10
substance units: 687672
curated: false
species: COPASI3
compartment: 047991
notes: This a model from the article: Pancreatic network control of glucagon secretion and counterregulation. Farhy LS, McCall AL. Methods Enzymol. 2009;467:547-81. 19897107 , Abstract: Glucagon counterregulation (GCR) is a key protection against hypoglycemia compromised in insulinopenic diabetes by an unknown mechanism. In this work, we present an interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of the GCR control mechanisms. Our results indicate that a pancreatic network which unifies a few explicit interactions between the major islet peptides and blood glucose (BG) can replicate the normal GCR axis and explain its impairment in diabetes. A key and novel component of this network is an alpha-cell auto-feedback, which drives glucagon pulsatility and mediates triggering of pulsatile GCR by hypoglycemia via a switch-off of the beta-cell suppression of the alpha-cells. We have performed simulations based on our models of the endocrine pancreas which explain the in vivo GCR response to hypoglycemia of the normal pancreas and the enhancement of defective pulsatile GCR in beta-cell deficiency by switch-off of intrapancreatic alpha-cell suppressing signals. The models also predicted that reduced insulin secretion decreases and delays the GCR. In conclusion, based on experimental data we have developed and validated a model of the normal GCR control mechanisms and their dysregulation in insulin deficient diabetes. One advantage of this construct is that all model components are clinically measurable, thereby permitting its transfer, validation, and application to the study of the GCR abnormalities of the human endocrine pancreas in vivo. This model originates from BioModels Database: A Database of Annotated Published Models (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/). It is copyright (c) 2005-2011 The BioModels.net Team. To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public domain worldwide. Please refer to CC0…
parameter: COPASI5
rule: 048159
rule: 048183
rule: 048135
parameter: 048039
length unit: 802859
is described by: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/19897107
parameter: 048063
rule: 048111
species: COPASI2

COPASI3
constant: false
boundary condition: true
has only substance units: false
initial concentration: 50.0
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 047991
name: INS
type: Species

048087
constant: true
value: 3.0
name: nBG2
type: Parameter

COPASI7
constant: true
value: 50.0
name: tBG
type: Parameter

COPASI13
constant: false
value: 600.0
name: bg'
type: Parameter

COPASI11
constant: false
value: 110.0
name: step
type: Parameter

048099
constant: true
value: 7.2
name: DGL
type: Parameter

COPASI5
constant: true
value: 14.0
name: kINS
type: Parameter

047991
constant: true
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
name: body
type: Compartment

048063
constant: true
value: 5.0
name: nGl
type: Parameter

COPASI15
constant: false
value: 10.0
name: pluse1
type: Parameter

048075
constant: true
value: 5.0
name: nBG
type: Parameter

COPASI9
constant: false
value: 600.0
name: BG
type: Parameter

048003
constant: true
value: 42570.0
name: rGl
type: Parameter

COPASI2
constant: false
boundary condition: true
has only substance units: false
initial concentration: 50.0
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 047991
name: GL
type: Species

COPASI10
constant: false
value: 10.0
name: pulse
type: Parameter

COPASI4
constant: true
value: 22.0
name: kGl
type: Parameter

COPASI8
constant: true
value: 20.0
name: tINS
type: Parameter

048015
constant: true
value: 2128.0
name: rGlbasal
type: Parameter

048027
constant: true
value: 80000.0
name: rINS
type: Parameter

048051
constant: true
value: 400.0
name: tBG2
type: Parameter

COPASI6
constant: true
value: 85.0
name: tGl
type: Parameter

COPASI12
constant: true
value: 600.0
name: bg
type: Parameter