658173
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scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
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208455
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Grel
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208379
constant: false
value: NaN
name: allo
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208436
constant: false
value: NaN
name: amL
type: Parameter

208495
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dKmPLB
type: Parameter

658356
unit: 658392
unit: 658380
unit: 658368
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type: SBMLUnitsDef

657944
unit: 657956
name: mV
type: SBMLUnitsDef

658380
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scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: FARAD
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208359
constant: false
value: 0.829206149767
name: zdv
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208416
constant: false
value: 8.16605172E-4
name: AA
type: Parameter

208280
constant: true
value: 0.341
name: gacao
type: Parameter

208181
constant: true
value: NaN
name: time
type: Parameter

208475
constant: true
value: 0.15
name: KmCaMK
type: Parameter

208484
constant: false
value: 0.862666650318
name: ri
type: Parameter

208423
constant: true
value: 0.1502
name: Kmto2
type: Parameter

208319
constant: false
value: 7.24074E-6
name: xr
type: Parameter

208444
constant: true
value: 0.01833
name: prnak
type: Parameter

208268
constant: false
value: 0.999961508634
name: f
type: Parameter

208464
constant: false
value: NaN
name: riss
type: Parameter

658245
exponent: 4.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

208403
constant: false
value: NaN
name: INaCa
type: Parameter

208182
constant: true
value: 96485.0
name: F
type: Parameter

658343
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: COULOMB
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208295
constant: false
value: NaN
name: tauf2
type: Parameter

208339
constant: true
value: 0.19
name: gitodv
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208251
constant: false
value: NaN
name: am
type: Parameter

658368
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

657956
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: VOLT
type: SBMLUnit

208424
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Ito2
type: Parameter

208483
constant: false
value: 0.0
name: ro
type: Parameter

208520
constant: false
value: NaN
name: CTKCl
type: Parameter

657992
unit: 658004
name: uF
type: SBMLUnitsDef

658185
unit: 658221
unit: 658209
unit: 658197
name: mM_per_ms
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208463
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ross
type: Parameter

208197
constant: false
value: -85.781844107117
name: V
type: Parameter

208443
constant: false
value: NaN
name: INal
type: Parameter

658319
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: FARAD
type: SBMLUnit

208395
constant: false
value: NaN
name: num
type: Parameter

208231
constant: true
value: 1000.0
name: stim_period
type: Parameter

208500
constant: true
value: 9.2E-4
name: Kmup
type: Parameter

208292
constant: false
value: NaN
name: tauf
type: Parameter

208404
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IKp
type: Parameter

208456
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dro_inf
type: Parameter

208496
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dJup
type: Parameter

208435
constant: false
value: 0.26130711759
name: hL
type: Parameter

208198
constant: false
value: NaN
name: caiont
type: Parameter

658197
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

658257
exponent: -4.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

208415
constant: true
value: 4.0E-7
name: PCl
type: Parameter

658331
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

657968
unit: 657980
name: per_mV
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208540
constant: true
value: 0.05
name: cbar
type: Parameter

208283
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ibarca
type: Parameter

208396
constant: false
value: NaN
name: denom1
type: Parameter

207908
constant: true
units: litre
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
type: Compartment

208210
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vcell
type: Parameter

208476
constant: false
value: NaN
name: CaMKbound
type: Parameter

208528
constant: false
value: 1.737580994071
name: Ca_jsr
type: Parameter

208243
constant: false
value: NaN
name: gNa
type: Parameter

208512
constant: false
value: 12.972433387269
name: Na_i
type: Parameter

208491
constant: true
value: 1.7E-4
name: dKmPLBmax
type: Parameter

208213
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ageo
type: Parameter

658307
unit: 658343
unit: 658331
unit: 658319
name: uF_mole_per_C
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208551
constant: true
value: 0.047
name: BSRmax
type: Parameter

208316
constant: false
value: NaN
name: r
type: Parameter

208451
constant: false
value: NaN
name: EKs
type: Parameter

657920
unit: 657932
name: uL
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208479
constant: false
value: NaN
name: CaMKactive
type: Parameter

657896
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: SIEMENS
type: SBMLUnit

208185
constant: true
value: 5.4
name: K_o
type: Parameter

208355
constant: false
value: 0.013970786703
name: ydv
type: Parameter

208412
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ICab
type: Parameter

658004
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: FARAD
type: SBMLUnit

657980
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: VOLT
type: SBMLUnit

208527
constant: false
value: 1.2131666E-4
name: Ca_i
type: Parameter

208511
constant: false
value: NaN
name: itr
type: Parameter

208427
constant: true
value: 2.25E-4
name: GClb
type: Parameter

208300
constant: false
value: NaN
name: fca2ss
type: Parameter

208271
constant: false
value: 0.97836624923
name: fca
type: Parameter

208202
constant: false
value: NaN
name: kiont
type: Parameter

208480
constant: false
value: 0.021123704774
name: CaMKtrap
type: Parameter

208252
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bm
type: Parameter

658269
unit: 658294
unit: 658282
name: uF_per_cm2
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208315
constant: false
value: NaN
name: gkr
type: Parameter

208291
constant: false
value: NaN
name: f2ss
type: Parameter

208552
constant: true
value: 8.7E-4
name: KmBSR
type: Parameter

208186
constant: true
value: 1.8
name: Ca_o
type: Parameter

208356
constant: false
value: 0.99996472752
name: ydv2
type: Parameter

658101
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: KELVIN
type: SBMLUnit

208468
constant: false
value: NaN
name: irelcicr
type: Parameter

208440
constant: false
value: NaN
name: hLss
type: Parameter

208193
constant: true
value: 0.0374358835078
name: FonRT
type: Parameter

208399
constant: false
value: NaN
name: denom2
type: Parameter

208228
constant: true
value: 0.0
name: stim_offset
type: Parameter

208428
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IClb
type: Parameter

208328
constant: false
value: NaN
name: xss
type: Parameter

658209
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

658392
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

208524
constant: false
value: 15.59207157178
name: Cl_i
type: Parameter

208201
constant: false
value: NaN
name: naiont
type: Parameter

208400
constant: false
value: NaN
name: denom3
type: Parameter

208367
constant: true
value: 0.61875
name: ibarnak
type: Parameter

208255
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ah
type: Parameter

658016
unit: 658028
name: cm
type: SBMLUnitsDef

657932
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

208380
constant: true
value: 4.5
name: NCXmax
type: Parameter

657884
unit: 657908
unit: 657896
name: mS_per_uF
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208467
constant: false
value: NaN
name: tauri
type: Parameter

658161
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

208340
constant: false
value: NaN
name: rv
type: Parameter

208194
constant: true
value: 0.0
name: tissue
type: Parameter

208214
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Acap
type: Parameter

208492
constant: true
value: 0.75
name: dJupmax
type: Parameter

208327
constant: false
value: NaN
name: gks
type: Parameter

208240
constant: false
value: NaN
name: GNa
type: Parameter

208523
constant: true
value: 7.0756E-6
name: CTKClmax
type: Parameter

208539
constant: true
value: 0.07
name: tbar
type: Parameter

657908
exponent: -1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: FARAD
type: SBMLUnit

208439
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bmL
type: Parameter

208368
constant: false
value: NaN
name: sigma
type: Parameter

208452
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ECl
type: Parameter

208411
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IpCa
type: Parameter

208372
constant: false
value: NaN
name: INaK
type: Parameter

658113
unit: 658137
unit: 658125
name: C_per_mole
type: SBMLUnitsDef

W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 14:50:12 BST 2010

208332
constant: false
value: 0.019883138161
name: xs1
type: Parameter

208256
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bh
type: Parameter

658040
unit: 658052
name: cm2
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208555
constant: true
value: 1.124
name: BSLmax
type: Parameter

208535
constant: true
value: 5.0E-4
name: kmt
type: Parameter

208312
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IK1
type: Parameter

208189
constant: true
value: 140.0
name: Na_o
type: Parameter

208303
constant: false
value: NaN
name: taufca
type: Parameter

657848
unit: 657872
unit: 657860
name: uA_per_uF
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208236
constant: false
value: NaN
name: i_Stim
type: Parameter

657824
unit: 657836
name: per_ms
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208217
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vmyo
type: Parameter

658416
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

208419
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Ito2_max
type: Parameter

208352
constant: false
value: NaN
name: by3
type: Parameter

208288
constant: false
value: NaN
name: fss
type: Parameter

208503
constant: true
value: 15.0
name: nsrmax
type: Parameter

208260
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bj
type: Parameter

208247
constant: false
value: 0.001356538159
name: m
type: Parameter

208371
constant: false
value: NaN
name: fnak
type: Parameter

657872
exponent: -1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: FARAD
type: SBMLUnit

W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 14:50:12 BST 2010

208556
constant: true
value: 0.0087
name: KmBSL
type: Parameter

658028
exponent: 1.0
scale: -2
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE
type: SBMLUnit

208311
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bk1
type: Parameter

ORG:
  orgname: University of Auckland
n:
  given: Catherine
  family: Lloyd

208536
constant: true
value: 0.00238
name: kmc
type: Parameter

208206
constant: true
value: 0.01
name: l
type: Parameter

208275
constant: false
value: 0.992234519148
name: f2
type: Parameter

208304
constant: false
value: NaN
name: taufca2
type: Parameter

208331
constant: false
value: NaN
name: tauxs
type: Parameter

208351
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ay3
type: Parameter

658076
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: JOULE
type: SBMLUnit

208504
constant: false
value: NaN
name: iup
type: Parameter

208227
constant: false
value: NaN
name: AF
type: Parameter

658052
exponent: 2.0
scale: -2
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE
type: SBMLUnit

208344
constant: false
value: NaN
name: by
type: Parameter

208244
constant: false
value: 0.987317750543
name: H
type: Parameter

208384
constant: true
value: 0.35
name: eta
type: Parameter

658125
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: COULOMB
type: SBMLUnit

208219
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vsr
type: Parameter

208205
constant: false
value: NaN
name: clont
type: Parameter

208364
constant: true
value: 1.5
name: kmko
type: Parameter

657812
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

208515
constant: false
value: NaN
name: CTNaCl
type: Parameter

208272
constant: false
value: 0.893052931249
name: fca2
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657836
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

208324
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IKr
type: Parameter

ORG:
  orgname: University of Auckland
n:
  given: Catherine
  family: Lloyd

208547
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bcsqn
type: Parameter

658404
unit: 658416
name: time
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208224
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vss
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208343
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ay
type: Parameter

208383
constant: true
value: 0.27
name: ksat
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657860
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: AMPERE
type: SBMLUnit

208259
constant: false
value: NaN
name: aj
type: Parameter

208363
constant: true
value: 10.0
name: kmnai
type: Parameter

208239
constant: false
value: NaN
name: past
type: Parameter

658064
unit: 658101
unit: 658088
unit: 658076
name: mJ_per_mole_K
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208548
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bmyo
type: Parameter

208516
constant: true
value: 9.8443E-6
name: CTNaClmax
type: Parameter

208323
constant: false
value: NaN
name: tauxr
type: Parameter

208218
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vmito
type: Parameter

208263
constant: false
value: NaN
name: INa
type: Parameter

658233
unit: 658257
unit: 658245
name: mM4
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208559
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bss
type: Parameter

208488
constant: false
value: NaN
name: cafac
type: Parameter

208232
constant: true
value: 3.0
name: stim_duration
type: Parameter

MODEL1006230101
parameter: 208319
parameter: 208476
rule: 208171
parameter: 208483
parameter: 208296
parameter: 208408
rule: 207979
parameter: 208320
parameter: 208300
rule: 208040
rule: 207999
parameter: 208327
rule: 208172
parameter: 208503
rule: 208015
parameter: 208491
parameter: 208352
rule: 208147
rule: 208027
parameter: 208307
parameter: 208464
rule: 208159
rule: 207983
notes: This a model from the article: The canine virtual ventricular wall: a platform for dissecting pharmacological effects on propagation and arrhythmogenesis. Benson AP, Aslanidi OV, Zhang H, Holden AV. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2008 Jan-Apr;96(1-3):187-208 17915298 , Abstract: We have constructed computational models of canine ventricular cells and tissues, ultimately combining detailed tissue architecture and heterogeneous transmural electrophysiology. The heterogeneity is introduced by modifying the Hund-Rudy canine cell model in order to reproduce experimentally reported electrophysiological properties of endocardial, midmyocardial (M) and epicardial cells. These models are validated against experimental data for individual ionic current and action potential characteristics, and their rate dependencies. 1D and 3D heterogeneous virtual tissues are constructed, with detailed tissue architecture (anisotropy and orthotropy, due to fibre orientation and sheet structure) of the left ventricular wall wedge extracted from a diffusion tensor imaging data set. The models are used to study the effects of tissue heterogeneity and class III drugs on transmural propagation and tissue vulnerability to re-entry. We have determined relationships between the transmural dispersion of action potential duration (APD) and the vulnerable window in the 1D virtual ventricular wall, and demonstrated how changes in the transmural heterogeneity, and hence tissue vulnerability, can lead to generation of re-entry in the 3D ventricular wedge. Two class III drugs with opposite qualitative effects on transmural APD heterogeneity are considered: d-sotalol that increases transmural APD dispersion, and amiodarone that decreases it. Simulations with the 1D virtual ventricular wall show that under d-sotalol conditions the vulnerable window is substantially wider compared to amiodarone conditions, primarily in the epicardial region where unidirectional conduction block persists until the adjacent M cells are…
rule: 208123
parameter: 208471
parameter: 208284
parameter: 208528
rule: 208047
substance units: 178797
rule: 208179
parameter: 208335
parameter: 208360
rule: 208052
parameter: 208315
parameter: 208499
rule: 208099
parameter: 208340
parameter: 208292
rule: 207960
rule: 208160
parameter: 208198
rule: 208075
parameter: 208479
rule: 208048
parameter: 208516
rule: 208024
rule: 208156
rule: 207955
rule: 207967
parameter: 208323
parameter: 208368
parameter: 208218
is described by: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17915298
parameter: 208375
parameter: 208303
parameter: 208243
parameter: 208487
parameter: 208348
parameter: 208280
rule: 207972
type: SBMLModel
rule: 208003
parameter: 208186
rule: 208135
parameter: 208419
rule: 208036
rule: 208168
rule: 207968
parameter: 208500
units def: 657944
parameter: 208331
rule: 208140
units def: 658233
parameter: 208311
rule: 208055
rule: 207988
units def: 658149
parameter: 208356
rule: 208067

208336
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IKs
type: Parameter

208284
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dss
type: Parameter

208190
constant: true
value: 100.0
name: Cl_o
type: Parameter

657800
unit: 657812
name: ms
type: SBMLUnitsDef

658282
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: FARAD
type: SBMLUnit

208307
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ICaL
type: Parameter

208264
constant: false
value: 1.64013E-6
name: d
type: Parameter

208432
constant: false
value: 0.001356538159
name: mL
type: Parameter

208460
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dtau_rel
type: Parameter

208376
constant: true
value: 1.25E-4
name: KmCa
type: Parameter

658137
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

208507
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ileak
type: Parameter

208459
constant: true
value: 10.0
name: dtau_rel_max
type: Parameter

208531
constant: false
value: 1.832822335168
name: Ca_nsr
type: Parameter

ORG:
  orgname: University of Auckland
n:
  given: Catherine
  family: Lloyd

208279
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: gacai
type: Parameter

208335
constant: false
value: 0.019890650554
name: xs2
type: Parameter

208408
constant: true
value: 5.0E-4
name: kmpca
type: Parameter

208375
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ca_i_NaCa
type: Parameter

208499
constant: true
value: 0.004375
name: iupmax
type: Parameter

208223
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vjsr
type: Parameter

208308
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ak1
type: Parameter

208448
constant: false
value: NaN
name: EK
type: Parameter

208299
constant: false
value: NaN
name: fcass
type: Parameter

208508
constant: false
value: NaN
name: idiff
type: Parameter

208532
constant: false
value: 1.2271265E-4
name: Ca_ss
type: Parameter

208471
constant: true
value: 0.05
name: CaMK0
type: Parameter

658294
exponent: -2.0
scale: -2
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE
type: SBMLUnit

208296
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dpss
type: Parameter

208407
constant: true
value: 0.0575
name: ibarpca
type: Parameter

208248
constant: false
value: 0.991924983076
name: J
type: Parameter

658221
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

208220
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vnsr
type: Parameter

208391
constant: true
value: 0.0036
name: KmCai
type: Parameter

208320
constant: false
value: NaN
name: xrss
type: Parameter

208348
constant: false
value: NaN
name: by2
type: Parameter

208447
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ENa
type: Parameter

208519
constant: false
value: 135.469546216758
name: K_i
type: Parameter

208209
constant: true
value: 0.0011
name: a
type: Parameter

208543
constant: true
value: 0.8
name: kmcsqn
type: Parameter

208472
constant: true
value: 0.0015
name: Km
type: Parameter

208276
constant: true
value: 2.43E-4
name: pca
type: Parameter

208420
constant: false
value: NaN
name: AAss
type: Parameter

658149
unit: 658173
unit: 658161
name: mM
type: SBMLUnitsDef

208388
constant: true
value: 87.5
name: KmNao
type: Parameter

208360
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Ito
type: Parameter

658088
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

208487
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vg
type: Parameter

208392
constant: true
value: 1.3
name: KmCao
type: Parameter

208267
constant: false
value: 8.98230672628
name: dp
type: Parameter

W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 14:50:12 BST 2010

208287
constant: false
value: NaN
name: taud
type: Parameter

208347
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ay2
type: Parameter

208544
constant: true
value: 10.0
name: csqnbar
type: Parameter

208431
constant: true
value: 0.0065
name: GNaL
type: Parameter

208235
constant: true
value: -20.0
name: stim_amplitude
type: Parameter

208387
constant: true
value: 12.3
name: KmNai
type: Parameter

W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 14:50:12 BST 2010