127679
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kind: SIEMENS
type: SBMLUnit

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units: dimensionless
value: 10.0
name: k
type: Parameter

626275
unit: 626287
name: mV
type: SBMLUnitsDef

127727
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units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: u
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626335
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kind: VOLT
type: SBMLUnit

127604
constant: true
units: litre
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
type: Compartment

127699
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units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: p
type: Parameter

127642
constant: true
units: 626227
value: 100.0
name: IstimStart
type: Parameter

626518
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MODEL0911989198
rule: 127623
parameter: 127725
units def: 626227
parameter: 127672
parameter: 127657
rule: 127611
parameter: 127681
parameter: 127666
parameter: 127713
parameter: 127654
parameter: 127663
parameter: 127707
compartment: 127604
parameter: 127639
parameter: 127651
parameter: 127723
parameter: 127648
parameter: 127660
volume units: volume
parameter: 127695
notes: This a model from the article: Vortex dynamics in three-dimensional continuous myocardium with fiber rotation: Filament instability and fibrillation. Fenton F, Karma A. Chaos 1998 Mar;8(1):20-47 12779708 , Abstract: Wave propagation in ventricular muscle is rendered highly anisotropic by the intramural rotation of the fiber. This rotational anisotropy is especially important because it can produce a twist of electrical vortices, which measures the rate of rotation (in degree/mm) of activation wavefronts in successive planes perpendicular to a line of phase singularity, or filament. This twist can then significantly alter the dynamics of the filament. This paper explores this dynamics via numerical simulation. After a review of the literature, we present modeling tools that include: (i) a simplified ionic model with three membrane currents that approximates well the restitution properties and spiral wave behavior of more complex ionic models of cardiac action potential (Beeler-Reuter and others), and (ii) a semi-implicit algorithm for the fast solution of monodomain cable equations with rotational anisotropy. We then discuss selected results of a simulation study of vortex dynamics in a parallelepipedal slab of ventricular muscle of varying wall thickness (S) and fiber rotation rate (theta(z)). The main finding is that rotational anisotropy generates a sufficiently large twist to destabilize a single transmural filament and cause a transition to a wave turbulent state characterized by a high density of chaotically moving filaments. This instability is manifested by the propagation of localized disturbances along the filament and has no previously known analog in isotropic excitable media. These disturbances correspond to highly twisted and distorted regions of filament, or "twistons," that create vortex rings when colliding with the natural boundaries of the ventricle. Moreover, when sufficiently twisted, these rings expand and create additional filaments by further …
curated: false
parameter: 127645
parameter: 127689
parameter: 127701
parameter: 127642
parameter: 127677
rule: 127629
rule: 127617
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rule: 127620
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parameter: 127715
area units: area
length unit: 027038
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substance units: 608838
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parameter: 127679
parameter: 127691
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parameter: 127729
type: SBMLModel
time units: 626505
parameter: 127685
parameter: 127717
is described by: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/12779708
rule: 127614
units def: 626275
rule: 127638
rule: 127626
parameter: 127699
parameter: 127705
parameter: 127721
parameter: 127693
units def: 626432
parameter: 127687
parameter: 127719
units def: 626299
parameter: 127675
rule: 127608
parameter: 127669
name: Fenton1998_MyocardiumVortexDynamics

626481
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name: tau_v_minus
type: Parameter

127713
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value: 127.0
name: tau_si
type: Parameter

626299
unit: 626311
name: per_mV
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626408
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626359
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name: mS_per_cm2
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127675
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units: dimensionless
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name: u_c
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value: 5.8
name: g_fi_max
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127666
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127681
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626432
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unit: 626445
name: uA_per_cm2
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127721
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name: tau_w_minus
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127709
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127701
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626469
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name: concentration_units
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127691
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units: 626227
value: 18.2
name: tau_v1_minus
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626227
unit: 626239
name: ms
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127705
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value: NaN
name: J_so
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127695
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626263
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name: IstimAmplitude
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626239
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127725
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626287
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127719
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127729
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value: NaN
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626445
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127711
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units: 626251
value: NaN
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127715
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units: dimensionless
value: 0.85
name: u_csi
type: Parameter

626323
unit: 626347
unit: 626335
name: per_mV_ms
type: SBMLUnitsDef

127660
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units: 626396
value: 1.0
name: Cm
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name: IstimPulseDuration
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127677
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626347
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127687
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127683
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value: NaN
name: tau_d
type: Parameter

127639
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units: 626251
value: NaN
name: Istim
type: Parameter

127645
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units: 626227
value: 50000.0
name: IstimEnd
type: Parameter

626505
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127703
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units: 626227
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name: time
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626251
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626420
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626457
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127669
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