026911
constant: true
units: 521012
value: 1.7
name: g_K1
type: Parameter

521169
exponent: 1.0
scale: -9
multipler: 1.0
kind: AMPERE
type: SBMLUnit

026889
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_b_Ca
type: Parameter

026927
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: alpha_d
type: Parameter

520952
unit: 520964
name: per_millivolt
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026827
constant: false
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: RTONF
type: Parameter

521181
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

026913
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 10.0
name: K_m_K1
type: Parameter

026879
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 40.0
name: K_mNa
type: Parameter

521423
exponent: 3.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE
type: SBMLUnit

027001
constant: false
units: 521084
value: 6.5
name: Na_i
type: Parameter

521254
unit: 521290
unit: 521278
unit: 521266
name: per_millimolar_second
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026899
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 1.0E-4
name: d_NaCa
type: Parameter

521036
unit: 521048
name: microF
type: SBMLUnitsDef

521205
unit: 521242
unit: 521230
unit: 521217
name: millimolar_per_second
type: SBMLUnitsDef

027036
constant: true
units: 521302
value: 0.08
name: radius
type: Parameter

521121
unit: 521145
unit: 521133
name: millimolar4
type: SBMLUnitsDef

521242
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

027054
constant: false
units: 521205
value: NaN
name: dCaCalmoddt
type: Parameter

026973
constant: true
units: 521205
value: 0.23
name: beta_up
type: Parameter

026869
constant: true
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: V
type: Parameter

026841
constant: true
units: 521060
value: -200.0
name: stim_amplitude
type: Parameter

026831
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_Stim
type: Parameter

521375
unit: 521399
unit: 521387
name: coulomb_per_mole
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026859
constant: true
units: 520927
value: 1.0E-5
name: delta_m
type: Parameter

026959
constant: false
units: 521205
value: NaN
name: i_up
type: Parameter

026945
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: CaChoff
type: Parameter

026963
constant: false
units: 521084
value: NaN
name: K_2
type: Parameter

027040
constant: false
units: 521411
value: NaN
name: V_i
type: Parameter

521387
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: COULOMB
type: SBMLUnit

026839
constant: true
units: second
value: 0.002
name: stim_duration
type: Parameter

026851
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: alpha_m
type: Parameter

027020
constant: false
units: 521084
value: 5.0E-4
name: Ca_Calmod
type: Parameter

026983
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: InactRate
type: Parameter

026951
constant: true
units: second
value: NaN
name: time
type: Parameter

026993
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: 0.0
name: ProdFrac
type: Parameter

027016
constant: false
units: 521084
value: 0.3
name: Ca_up
type: Parameter

026931
constant: true
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: V
type: Parameter

026861
constant: false
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: E0_m
type: Parameter

026907
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_K1
type: Parameter

026849
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: 0.076
name: m
type: Parameter

027034
constant: true
units: 520903
value: 200.0
name: beta_Trop
type: Parameter

026825
constant: true
units: 521375
value: 96485.3415
name: F
type: Parameter

026925
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: 0.0011
name: d
type: Parameter

521435
unit: 521459
unit: 521447
name: litre_micrometre3
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026877
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 1.0
name: K_mK
type: Parameter

520903
unit: 520915
name: per_second
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026915
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_si
type: Parameter

026881
constant: false
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: E_Na
type: Parameter

026981
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: ActRate
type: Parameter

520964
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: VOLT
type: SBMLUnit

521193
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

521000
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

521048
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: FARAD
type: SBMLUnit

521217
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

521133
exponent: 4.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

026897
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 3.0
name: n_NaCa
type: Parameter

521060
unit: 521072
name: nanoA
type: SBMLUnitsDef

521399
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

027008
constant: true
units: 520903
value: 5.0E-4
name: K_diff
type: Parameter

521266
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

521363
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: KELVIN
type: SBMLUnit

026975
constant: false
units: 521205
value: NaN
name: i_rel
type: Parameter

026857
constant: true
units: second
value: NaN
name: time
type: Parameter

026989
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: PrecFrac
type: Parameter

026843
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_Na
type: Parameter

027038
constant: true
units: 521302
value: 0.08
name: length
type: Parameter

026947
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: CaChon
type: Parameter

027052
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 0.01
name: V_up_ratio
type: Parameter

026961
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: K_1
type: Parameter

027042
constant: false
units: 521411
value: NaN
name: Ve
type: Parameter

521230
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

026957
constant: false
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: E0_f
type: Parameter

027048
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 0.1
name: V_rel_ratio
type: Parameter

027028
constant: true
units: 521254
value: 100000.0
name: alpha_Calmod
type: Parameter

026969
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 0.5
name: K_srca
type: Parameter

026837
constant: true
units: second
value: 1.0
name: stim_period
type: Parameter

026883
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_b_Na
type: Parameter

027022
constant: false
units: 521084
value: 0.0015
name: Ca_Trop
type: Parameter

521339
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: JOULE
type: SBMLUnit

026863
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: 0.015
name: h
type: Parameter

521302
unit: 521314
name: micrometre
type: SBMLUnitsDef

027032
constant: true
units: 521254
value: 100000.0
name: alpha_Trop
type: Parameter

027018
constant: false
units: 521084
value: 0.3
name: Ca_rel
type: Parameter

026995
constant: false
units: 521205
value: NaN
name: i_trans
type: Parameter

521096
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

026905
constant: true
units: 521012
value: 0.17
name: g_b_K
type: Parameter

026917
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_siCa
type: Parameter

026875
constant: true
units: 521060
value: 14.0
name: i_NaK_max
type: Parameter

026823
constant: true
units: kelvin
value: 310.0
name: T
type: Parameter

027006
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 2.0
name: Cab
type: Parameter

027010
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 4.0
name: K_c
type: Parameter

027012
constant: false
units: 521084
value: 140.0
name: K_i
type: Parameter

521327
unit: 521363
unit: 521351
unit: 521339
name: joule_per_kilomole_kelvin
type: SBMLUnitsDef

521145
exponent: -4.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

026885
constant: true
units: 521012
value: 0.012
name: g_b_Na
type: Parameter

521290
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

520915
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

026893
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_NaCa
type: Parameter

521012
unit: 521024
name: microS
type: SBMLUnitsDef

521447
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

MODEL0848444339
parameter: 026913
parameter: 026839
rule: 026804
parameter: 026823
parameter: 026875
curated: false
parameter: 027056
compartment: 026694
parameter: 026963
parameter: 026859
units def: 521411
units def: 521375
units def: 521327
rule: 026774
parameter: 026889
rule: 026706
parameter: 026983
parameter: 026977
parameter: 026937
parameter: 026901
parameter: 026991
parameter: 026951
rule: 026770
parameter: 027001
parameter: 026997
parameter: 026935
rule: 026702
parameter: 027010
rule: 026748
units def: 521036
parameter: 027016
units def: 521060
parameter: 027030
rule: 026697
rule: 026816
units def: 521157
parameter: 026863
name: Hilgemann1987_CalciumTransients
parameter: 026909
units def: 521435
parameter: 027044
parameter: 026847
units def: 521302
parameter: 026959
parameter: 026923
rule: 026718
notes: This a model from the article: Excitation-contraction coupling and extracellular calcium transients in rabbit atrium: reconstruction of basic cellular mechanisms. Hilgemann DW, Noble D. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1987 Mar 23;230(1259):163-205 2884668 , Abstract: Interactions of electrogenic sodium-calcium exchange, calcium channel and sarcoplasmic reticulum in the mammalian heart have been explored by simulation of extracellular calcium transients measured with tetramethylmurexide in rabbit atrium. The approach has been to use the simplest possible formulations of these mechanisms, which together with a minimum number of additional mechanisms allow reconstruction of action potentials, intracellular calcium transients and extracellular calcium transients. A 3:1 sodium-calcium exchange stoichiometry is assumed. Calcium-channel inactivation is assumed to take place by a voltage-dependent mechanism, which is accelerated by a rise in intracellular calcium; intracellular calcium release becomes a major physiological regulator of calcium influx via calcium channels. A calcium release mechanism is assumed, which is both calcium- and voltage-sensitive, and which undergoes prolonged inactivation. 200 microM cytosolic calcium buffer is assumed. For most simulations only instantaneous potassium conductances are simulated so as to study the other mechanisms independently of time- and calcium-dependent outward current. Thus, the model reconstructs extracellular calcium transients and typical action-potential configuration changes during steady-state and non-steady-state stimulation from the mechanisms directly involved in trans-sarcolemmal calcium movements. The model predicts relatively small trans-sarcolemmal calcium movements during regular stimulation (ca. 2 mumol kg-1 fresh mass per excitation); calcium current is fully activated within 2 ms of excitation, inactivation is substantially complete within 30 ms, and sodium-calcium exchange significantly resists repolarization fr…
parameter: 026929
parameter: 026971
parameter: 026943
parameter: 027054
rule: 026746
rule: 026704
units def: 520927
rule: 026714
parameter: 026825
parameter: 026835
parameter: 026820
rule: 026742
parameter: 027004
parameter: 026871
rule: 026700
rule: 026818
substance units: 469466
parameter: 026995
parameter: 026855
type: SBMLModel
parameter: 026979
rule: 026728
parameter: 026903
rule: 026802
parameter: 026911
parameter: 026917
parameter: 027028
parameter: 026819
parameter: 026931
rule: 026724
parameter: 027042
rule: 026758
parameter: 026879

026937
constant: false
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: E0_d
type: Parameter

026941
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: alpha_f_Ca
type: Parameter

027044
constant: false
units: 521411
value: NaN
name: V_Cell
type: Parameter

521314
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE
type: SBMLUnit

521084
unit: 521108
unit: 521096
name: millimolar
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026955
constant: true
units: 520927
value: 1.0E-4
name: delta_f
type: Parameter

026895
constant: true
units: 521060
value: 0.01
name: k_NaCa
type: Parameter

026903
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_b_K
type: Parameter

026967
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 0.4
name: K_xcs
type: Parameter

026865
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: alpha_h
type: Parameter

027030
constant: true
units: 520903
value: 50.0
name: beta_Calmod
type: Parameter

026997
constant: true
units: 520903
value: 50.0
name: alpha_tr
type: Parameter

026835
constant: true
units: second
value: 10000.0
name: stim_end
type: Parameter

027050
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 0.4
name: V_e_ratio
type: Parameter

521411
unit: 521423
name: micrometre3
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026987
constant: true
units: 520903
value: 250.0
name: K_m_rel
type: Parameter

026845
constant: true
units: 521012
value: 50.0
name: g_Na
type: Parameter

521351
exponent: -1.0
scale: 3
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

521278
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

026855
constant: true
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: V
type: Parameter

026977
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: VoltDep
type: Parameter

520988
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: VOLT
type: SBMLUnit

026819
constant: false
units: 520927
value: -88.0
name: V
type: Parameter

026935
constant: true
units: 520927
value: 1.0E-4
name: delta_d
type: Parameter

026921
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_siNa
type: Parameter

027026
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 0.15
name: Trop
type: Parameter

026694
constant: true
units: litre
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
type: Compartment

027004
constant: false
units: 521084
value: 2.0
name: Ca_o
type: Parameter

026873
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_NaK
type: Parameter

026919
constant: false
units: 521060
value: NaN
name: i_siK
type: Parameter

027024
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 0.02
name: Calmod
type: Parameter

026929
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: beta_d
type: Parameter

027014
constant: false
units: 521084
value: 1.0E-5
name: Ca_i
type: Parameter

026829
constant: true
units: 521036
value: 0.006
name: C_m
type: Parameter

026887
constant: false
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: E_Ca
type: Parameter

521459
exponent: -3.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE
type: SBMLUnit

026891
constant: true
units: 521012
value: 0.005
name: g_b_Ca
type: Parameter

026949
constant: true
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: V
type: Parameter

521108
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

520940
exponent: 1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: VOLT
type: SBMLUnit

521024
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: SIEMENS
type: SBMLUnit

026939
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: 0.785
name: f_Ca
type: Parameter

520927
unit: 520940
name: millivolt
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026820
constant: true
units: 521327
value: 8314.472
name: R
type: Parameter

026909
constant: false
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: E_K
type: Parameter

026943
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: beta_f_Ca
type: Parameter

027046
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: V_i_ratio
type: Parameter

027056
constant: false
units: 521205
value: NaN
name: dCaTropdt
type: Parameter

026971
constant: true
units: 521205
value: 3.0
name: alpha_up
type: Parameter

521072
exponent: 1.0
scale: -9
multipler: 1.0
kind: AMPERE
type: SBMLUnit

026953
constant: true
units: 521084
value: NaN
name: Ca_i
type: Parameter

026847
constant: false
units: 520927
value: NaN
name: E_mh
type: Parameter

026833
constant: true
units: second
value: 0.1
name: stim_start
type: Parameter

026999
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 140.0
name: Na_o
type: Parameter

520976
unit: 521000
unit: 520988
name: per_millivolt_second
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026933
constant: true
units: second
value: NaN
name: time
type: Parameter

026979
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: NaN
name: RegBindSite
type: Parameter

026867
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: beta_h
type: Parameter

026965
constant: true
units: 521084
value: 3.0E-4
name: K_cyca
type: Parameter

026871
constant: true
units: second
value: NaN
name: time
type: Parameter

521157
unit: 521193
unit: 521181
unit: 521169
name: nanoA_per_millimolar
type: SBMLUnitsDef

026923
constant: true
units: 521157
value: 5.0
name: P_si
type: Parameter

026985
constant: true
units: 520903
value: 0.0
name: K_leak_rate
type: Parameter

026901
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 0.5
name: gamma
type: Parameter

026853
constant: false
units: 520903
value: NaN
name: beta_m
type: Parameter

026991
constant: false
units: dimensionless
value: 0.0
name: ActFrac
type: Parameter