498827
species: CHK
name: Hexokinase (cytosolic)
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

MEX KM
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 4000.0
name: Maltose exporter (MEX) KM
type: Parameter

032838
is version of: C00008
name: ADP pool
is version of: CHEBI:16761
in compartment: 032805
type: Species
has only substance units: false
constant: false
boundary condition: true
substance units: 498143
is: SBO:0000247
initial concentration: 10000.0
initial amount: NaN

498459
stoichiometry: 12345.7
species: 032817
name: Starch Glucosyl unit
type: SpeciesReference

032810
is version of: GO:0031972
is: SBO:0000290
constant: true
units: 498095
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
name: Chloroplast Intermembrane Space
type: Compartment

498984
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032830
name: Glucose
type: SpeciesReference

499069
species: DPE1
name: DPE1
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

MEX
is: 2.A.84.1.2
boundary condition: false
substance units: 498143
has only substance units: false
type: Species
in compartment: 032810
name: Maltose exporter (MEX)
initial amount: NaN
is: SBO:0000284
initial concentration: 2.0
constant: false

498583
species: 032818
name: Starch DB
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

498131
exponent: 2.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE
type: SBMLUnit

498888
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032834
name: Glucosyl Arabinogalactan
type: SpeciesReference

G transport
kinetic law: 498754
modifier: 498742
product: 498729
reactant: 498717
is: SBO:0000185
fast: false
reversible: false
name: Plastidic Glucose transporter
type: Reaction

498668
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032822
name: Maltose
type: SpeciesReference

032839
boundary condition: true
initial amount: NaN
is version of: CHEBI:18367
name: Orthophosphate(HPi) pool
type: Species
constant: false
is version of: C00009
substance units: 498143
in compartment: 032805
has only substance units: false
initial concentration: 10000.0
is: SBO:0000247

498680
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032819
name: Maltose
type: SpeciesReference

033040
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 19300.0
name: Glucose transporter (pGlcT) KM
type: Parameter

G2 transport
kinetic law: 498705
modifier: 498692
product: 498680
reactant: 498668
is: SBO:0000185
fast: false
reversible: false
name: Maltose exporter
type: Reaction

033060
is: SBO:0000281
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 155.0
name: Hexokinase Keq
type: Parameter

032811
is version of: GO:0009706
is: SBO:0000290
constant: true
units: 498119
size: 1000.0
spatial dimensions: 2.0
name: Chloroplast Inner Membrane
type: Compartment

032939
is: SBO:0000504
constant: true
units: 498375
value: 0.206
name: Beta amylase molecular weight
type: Parameter

498290
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

498924
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032831
name: Arabinogalactan
type: SpeciesReference

499057
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032826
name: Maltopentaose
type: SpeciesReference

032826
boundary condition: false
is version of: CHEBI:62006
in compartment: 032814
has only substance units: false
constant: false
type: Species
initial amount: NaN
substance units: 498143
name: Maltopentaose
is: SBO:0000247
initial concentration: 1000.0

498996
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032834
name: GlcAG
type: SpeciesReference

G2 formation
reactant: 498459
name: Maltose formation from Starch
type: Reaction
modifier: 498496
product: 498472
is: SBO:0000393
modifier: 498509
kinetic law: 498521
modifier: 498484
fast: false
reversible: true

498839
species: 032842
name: Reduced glutathione
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

DPE2 Keq
is: SBO:0000281
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 1.0
name: DPE2 Keq
type: Parameter

499008
species: DPE2
name: DPE2
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

CGP Keq
is: SBO:0000281
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 6.15E-4
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase Keq
type: Parameter

W3 CDTF: Tue Jan 31 13:37:23 GMT 2012

DPE1
is: http://identifiers.org/ec-code/2.4.1.25
initial concentration: 2.0
boundary condition: false
constant: false
has only substance units: false
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 032814
name: Disproportionating enzyme 1(DPE1)
substance units: 498143
type: Species
is: SBO:0000014

032850
initial concentration: 10000.0
name: G6P pool
is: SBO:0000247
is version of: C00668
is version of: CHEBI:17665
substance units: 498143
initial amount: NaN
type: Species
boundary condition: true
constant: false
in compartment: 032805
has only substance units: false

498791
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032850
name: G6P pool
type: SpeciesReference

032827
in compartment: 032814
has only substance units: false
constant: false
substance units: 498143
is version of: CHEBI:17634
type: Species
name: (D)-Glucose
boundary condition: false
initial amount: NaN
is: SBO:0000247
initial concentration: 10.0

498107
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

498496
species: 032816
name: Starch
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

498912
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032847
name: G1P pool
type: SpeciesReference

W3 CDTF: Mon Nov 01 00:00:00 GMT 2010

498155
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

498192
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

CGP KiA
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 3800.0
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase Glucosyl Arabinogalactan Ki
type: Parameter

DPE2
constant: false
has only substance units: false
initial amount: NaN
type: Species
initial concentration: 2.0
name: Disproportionating enzyme 2(DPE2)
boundary condition: false
is: SBO:0000014
in compartment: 032805
is: http://identifiers.org/ec-code/2.4.1.25
substance units: 498143

498559
species: beta amylase
name: beta amylase
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

032834
is version of: MOD:00726
is version of: C00569
initial amount: NaN
boundary condition: false
in compartment: 032805
type: Species
constant: false
name: Glucosyl Arabinogalactan (GlcAG)
substance units: 498143
is: SBO:0000247
has only substance units: false
is version of: CHEBI:27569
initial concentration: 10000.0

498803
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032838
name: ADP pool
type: SpeciesReference

G5 degradation
modifier: 498644
type: Reaction
product: 498632
is: SBO:0000179
reversible: false
product: 498620
reactant: 498608
fast: false
name: Maltopentaose degradation
kinetic law: 498656

BIOMD0000000353
reaction: G5 degradation
units def: 498119
units def: 498339
compartment: 032811
parameter: 033079
parameter: 033040
species: CHK
parameter: DPE2 KMA
parameter: DPE2 KMB
species: DPE1
parameter: 033059
parameter: 032940
parameter: DPE2 KMP
parameter: CGP KiA
parameter: 033072
species: 032822
is version of: GO:0005983
parameter: 033064
parameter: CGP Keq
compartment: 032810
parameter: CGP KMQ
length unit: length
time units: metaid_0000075
parameter: DPE2 KiQ
species: 032834
parameter: 033052
units def: 498375
parameter: DPE1 Keq
parameter: 032947
reaction: G3 formation
parameter: 033071
units def: 498071
species: 032846
parameter: 033008
compartment: 032805
parameter: CGP KMP
compartment: 032806
species: 032817
parameter: 033047
units def: 498205
rule: 032926
parameter: 033051
species: 032850
name: Nag2011_ChloroplasticStarchDegradation
parameter: 033034
occurs in: http://identifiers.org/taxonomy/3701
notes: This model is from the article: Kinetic modeling and exploratory numerical simulation of chloroplastic starch degradation. Nag A, Lunacek M, Graf PA, Chang CH. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jun 18;5:94. 21682905 , Abstract: BACKGROUND: Higher plants and algae are able to fix atmospheric carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and store this fixed carbon in large quantities as starch, which can be hydrolyzed into sugars serving as feedstock for fermentation to biofuels and precursors. Rational engineering of carbon flow in plant cells requires a greater understanding of how starch breakdown fluxes respond to variations in enzyme concentrations, kinetic parameters, and metabolite concentrations. We have therefore developed and simulated a detailed kinetic ordinary differential equation model of the degradation pathways for starch synthesized in plants and green algae, which to our knowledge is the most complete such model reported to date. RESULTS: Simulation with 9 internal metabolites and 8 external metabolites, the concentrations of the latter fixed at reasonable biochemical values, leads to a single reference solution showing β-amylase activity to be the rate-limiting step in carbon flow from starch degradation. Additionally, the response coefficients for stromal glucose to the glucose transporter kcat and KM are substantial, whereas those for cytosolic glucose are not, consistent with a kinetic bottleneck due to transport. Response coefficient norms show stromal maltopentaose and cytosolic glucosylated arabinogalactan to be the most and least globally sensitive metabolites, respectively, and β-amylase kcat and KM for starch to be the kinetic parameters with the largest aggregate effect on metabolite concentrations as a whole. The latter kinetic parameters, together with those for glucose transport, have the greatest effect on stromal glucose, which is a precursor for biofuel synthetic pathways. Exploration of the steady-state solution space with respect to concentrations of …
parameter: CGP KMB
parameter: DPE1 KMP
reaction: G2 transport
parameter: DPE1 KMQ
species: 032826
parameter: 032939
species: 032838
is: MODEL1106030000
reaction: DPE1 RXN
species: pGlcT
parameter: 033039
units def: 498302
species: 032830
compartment: 032814
units def: 498143
species: MEX
species: DPE2
reaction: CGP RXN
parameter: 033044
species: 032842
parameter: 033082
parameter: 033083
species: 032823
area units: 498119
parameter: 032944
reaction: G2 formation
species: 032818
species: 032835
compartment: 032804
parameter: CGP KMA
parameter: 033076
parameter: 033068
parameter: 032931

032804
is version of: GO:0005623
is: SBO:0000290
constant: true
units: 498095
size: 3.534E-12
spatial dimensions: 3.0
name: Cell
type: Compartment

033051
is: SBO:0000025
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 0.073
name: kcat_betaamylase_Starch
type: Parameter

499045
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032827
name: D-Glucose
type: SpeciesReference

DPE1 KMA
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 3300.0
name: DPE1 G3 KM
type: Parameter

032814
is version of: GO:0009570
is: SBO:0000290
constant: true
units: 498095
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
name: Chloroplast Stroma
type: Compartment

032842
initial amount: NaN
is version of: CHEBI:16856
is version of: C00051
boundary condition: false
is: SBO:0000247
type: Species
has only substance units: false
substance units: 498143
constant: false
initial concentration: 1000.0
name: Glutathione (reduced)
in compartment: 032805

032835
boundary condition: true
substance units: 498143
initial amount: NaN
name: ATP pool
is version of: C00002
type: Species
initial concentration: 10000.0
constant: false
is: SBO:0000247
in compartment: 032805
is version of: CHEBI:15422
has only substance units: false

033039
is: SBO:0000025
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 240.278
name: Glucose transporter (pGlcT) kcat
type: Parameter

498229
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

498546
stoichiometry: 1984.13
species: 032823
name: Maltotriose
type: SpeciesReference

498742
species: pGlcT
name: Glucose transporter(pGlcT)
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

498900
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032839
name: HPi
type: SpeciesReference

498717
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032827
name: Glucose
type: SpeciesReference

498864
species: 032846
name: 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate pool
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

032805
is version of: GO:0005829
is: SBO:0000290
constant: false
units: 498095
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
name: Cytosol
type: Compartment

DPE2 KMP
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 11700.0
name: DPE2 Glc KM
type: Parameter

032815
type: Species
has only substance units: false
initial concentration: 0.1
is version of: CHEBI:24636
constant: false
initial amount: NaN
boundary condition: true
is version of: C00080
name: H+
is: SBO:0000327
substance units: 498143
in compartment: 032805

032843
substance units: 498143
is: SBO:0000247
is version of: CHEBI:17680
type: Species
has only substance units: false
constant: false
in compartment: 032805
is version of: C00660
initial amount: NaN
initial concentration: 10000.0
boundary condition: false
name: (D)-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate pool

iso amylase
in compartment: 032814
substance units: gram
constant: false
initial concentration: 0.0118
has only substance units: false
initial amount: NaN
boundary condition: false
is: http://identifiers.org/ec-code/3.2.1.68
type: Species
name: Isoamylase
is: SBO:0000014

033064
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 1000.0
name: Hexokinase Ki(MgATP)
type: Parameter

498644
species: beta amylase
name: beta amylase
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

HK RXN
kinetic law: 498876
type: Reaction
modifier: 498864
fast: false
modifier: 498852
product: 498815
name: Hexokinase
product: 498791
reversible: true
is: SBO:0000559
product: 498803
reactant: 498766
modifier: 498839
notes: Kinetics reversible random sequential bi-bi.
reactant: 498778
modifier: 498827

CGP KiP
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 3100.0
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase G1P Ki
type: Parameter

498314
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: GRAM
type: SBMLUnit

032822
in compartment: 032814
initial concentration: 10.0
initial amount: NaN
boundary condition: false
constant: false
type: Species
has only substance units: false
is version of: C00208
substance units: 498143
is: SBO:0000247
name: Maltose
is version of: CHEBI:17306

DPE2 KMQ
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 1100.0
name: DPE2 GlcAG KM
type: Parameter

033079
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 10.0
name: Hexokinase Ki(G6P),2
type: Parameter

499033
stoichiometry: 2.0
species: 032823
name: Maltotriose
type: SpeciesReference

033063
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 1000.0
name: Hexokinase KM(MgATP)
type: Parameter

DPE2 KMB
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 1100.0
name: DPE2 AG KM
type: Parameter

032816
is: SBO:0000247
is version of: CHEBI:28017
constant: false
substance units: gram
initial amount: NaN
name: Starch
is version of: C00369
initial concentration: NaN
in compartment: 032814
boundary condition: false
has only substance units: false
type: Species

498266
exponent: -1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

498815
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032815
name: H+
type: SpeciesReference

498729
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032830
name: Glucose
type: SpeciesReference

032930
is: SBO:0000503
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 1667.0
name: Number of Glucosyl units in a Starch molecule
type: Parameter

DPE2 KMA
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 4600.0
name: DPE2 Maltose KM
type: Parameter

032940
is: SBO:0000504
constant: true
units: 498375
value: 8.28E-4
name: Maltopentaose Mol. Wt.
type: Parameter

498278
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

498217
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

032823
constant: false
type: Species
has only substance units: false
is: SBO:0000247
is part of: C01835
boundary condition: false
initial concentration: 100.0
is part of: CHEBI:61993
name: Maltotriose
in compartment: 032814
substance units: 498143
initial amount: NaN

498692
species: MEX
name: Maltose exporter(MEX)
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

498351
exponent: 2.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: GRAM
type: SBMLUnit

DPE2 RXN
is: SBO:0000559
modifier: 499008
reactant: 498972
fast: false
name: DPE2
reactant: 498960
product: 498996
reversible: true
type: Reaction
product: 498984
kinetic law: 499021

pGlcT
initial amount: NaN
boundary condition: false
substance units: 498143
name: Glucose transporter (pGlcT)
is: 2.A.1.1.17
type: Species
has only substance units: false
in compartment: 032810
is: SBO:0000284
initial concentration: 20.0
constant: false

498632
stoichiometry: 1984.13
species: 032823
name: Maltotriose
type: SpeciesReference

033052
is: SBO:0000025
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 0.0913
name: kcat_betaamylase_Maltopentaose
type: Parameter

032817
substance units: 498143
in compartment: 032814
has only substance units: false
is: SBO:0000247
constant: false
initial amount: NaN
is version of: C00369
is version of: CHEBI:28017
is version of: MOD:00726
boundary condition: true
name: Starch Glucosyl unit
type: Species
initial concentration: 1000.0

498852
species: 032843
name: (D)-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate pool
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

CGP RXN
reactant: 498900
reactant: 498888
modifier: 498936
type: Reaction
fast: false
product: 498912
kinetic law: 498948
reversible: true
is: SBO:0000559
product: 498924
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase

032932
is: SBO:0000540
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 0.87
name: Fraction of starch degraded to Maltose
type: Parameter

032818
has only substance units: false
type: Species
is version of: CHEBI:28017
initial concentration: 0.0
is version of: C00369
constant: false
is version of: MOD:00726
in compartment: 032814
initial amount: NaN
name: Starch exposed to Beta Amylase due to action of Isoamylase (Starch DB)
boundary condition: false
is: SBO:0000247
substance units: gram

DPE2 KiP
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 5571.429
name: DPE2 Glc Ki
type: Parameter

032831
constant: false
boundary condition: false
name: Arabinogalactan (AG)
initial amount: NaN
has only substance units: false
is version of: C00569
is version of: CHEBI:27569
in compartment: 032805
substance units: 498143
is: SBO:0000247
type: Species
initial concentration: 10000.0

033076
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 1000.0
name: Hexokinase Ki(MgADP)
type: Parameter

033086
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 3000.0
name: Hexokinase Ki(glutathione)
type: Parameter

CGP KMA
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 2100.0
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase Glucosyl Arabinogalactan KM
type: Parameter

033068
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 47.0
name: Hexokinase Ki(glucose)
type: Parameter

498363
exponent: -2.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

033048
is: SBO:0000281
constant: true
units: 498302
value: 18800.0
name: Keq for Maltotetraose degradation
type: Parameter

033034
is: SBO:0000025
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 5.963
name: Maltose exporter (MEX) kcat
type: Parameter

032847
type: Species
is version of: C11450
initial amount: NaN
is: SBO:0000247
name: G1P pool
has only substance units: false
initial concentration: 10000.0
is version of: CHEBI:29042
in compartment: 032805
substance units: 498143
boundary condition: true
constant: false

033008
is: SBO:0000025
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 50.0
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase kcat
type: Parameter

032830
boundary condition: false
initial concentration: 10.0
in compartment: 032805
is version of: CHEBI:17634
is version of: C00031
is: SBO:0000247
name: (D)-Glucose
type: Species
has only substance units: false
substance units: 498143
constant: false
initial amount: NaN

beta amylase
in compartment: 032814
boundary condition: false
name: Beta amylase
is: http://identifiers.org/ec-code/3.2.1.2
initial amount: NaN
substance units: gram
type: Species
constant: false
is: SBO:0000014
has only substance units: false
initial concentration: 0.00783

032819
is version of: C00208
boundary condition: false
constant: false
is: SBO:0000247
substance units: 498143
name: Maltose
is version of: CHEBI:17306
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 032805
type: Species
initial concentration: 10.0
has only substance units: false

033055
is: SBO:0000025
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 0.0198
name: Isoamylase kcat
type: Parameter

032973
is: SBO:0000025
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 50.0
name: DPE2 kcat
type: Parameter

CGP KMP
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 2000.0
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase G1P KM
type: Parameter

498608
stoichiometry: 1207.73
species: 032826
name: Maltopentaose
type: SpeciesReference

032931
is: SBO:0000540
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 0.582
name: Fraction of Starch amenable to degradation by Beta Amylase only
type: Parameter

032846
initial concentration: 10000.0
is version of: CHEBI:19324
constant: false
type: Species
substance units: 498143
initial amount: NaN
is: SBO:0000247
name: 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate pool
has only substance units: false
boundary condition: false
is version of: C03339
in compartment: 032805

CHK
boundary condition: false
initial concentration: 10.0
has only substance units: false
constant: false
is: http://identifiers.org/ec-code/2.7.1.1
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 032805
substance units: 498143
is: SBO:0000014
type: Species
name: Hexokinase

033056
is: SBO:0000320
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 180.0
name: Hexokinase kcat,forward
type: Parameter

032944
is: SBO:0000504
constant: true
units: 498375
value: 3.42E-4
name: Maltose Mol. Wt.
type: Parameter

032806
is version of: GO:0009507
is: SBO:0000290
constant: false
units: 498095
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
name: Chloroplast
type: Compartment

498534
stoichiometry: 18518.5
species: 032817
name: Starch Glucosyl unit
type: SpeciesReference

CGP KMQ
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 3800.0
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase Arabinogalactan KM
type: Parameter

498509
species: 032818
name: Starch DB
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

DPE1 RXN
reactant: 499033
modifier: 499069
name: DPE1
is: SBO:0000559
reversible: true
product: 499045
type: Reaction
product: 499057
kinetic law: 499081
fast: false

033075
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 1000.0
name: Hexokinase KM(MgADP)
type: Parameter

DPE2 KiQ
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 1000.0
name: DPE2 GlcAG Ki
type: Parameter

033067
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 47.0
name: Hexokinase KM(glucose)
type: Parameter

032943
is: SBO:0000504
constant: true
units: 498375
value: 5.04E-4
name: Maltotriose Mol. Wt.
type: Parameter

032807
is version of: GO:0009707
is: SBO:0000290
constant: true
units: 498119
size: 1000.0
spatial dimensions: 2.0
name: Chloroplast Outer Membrane
type: Compartment

033047
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498339
value: 4.19
name: Beta Amylase KM for Maltose condensation
type: Parameter

DPE2 KiA
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 2190.476
name: DPE2 Maltose Ki
type: Parameter

032929
is: SBO:0000504
constant: true
units: 498375
value: 0.27
name: Starch Mol. Wt.
type: Parameter

033082
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 4000.0
name: Hexokinase Ki(2,3-bisphosphoglycerate)
type: Parameter

498484
species: beta amylase
name: beta amylase
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

033072
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 47.0
name: Hexokinase Ki(G6P)
type: Parameter

032936
is: SBO:0000565
constant: true
units: 498375
value: 1.0
name: Unit conversion factor to meet SBML standards
type: Parameter

498180
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

DPE1 KMQ
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 210.0
name: DPE1 G5 KM
type: Parameter

033044
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498302
value: 1.46
name: Beta Amylase KM for Maltopentaose
type: Parameter

498778
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032830
name: Glucose
type: SpeciesReference

498327
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: LITRE
type: SBMLUnit

DPE2 KiB
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 1000.0
name: DPE2 AG Ki
type: Parameter

498387
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: GRAM
type: SBMLUnit

498936
species: CGP
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

498571
species: 032816
name: Starch
type: ModifierSpeciesReference

033083
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 30.0
name: Hexokinase Ki(glucose 1,6-bisphosphate
type: Parameter

033059
is: SBO:0000321
constant: false
units: 498071
value: NaN
name: Hexokinase kcat,reverse
type: Parameter

032935
is: SBO:0000540
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 0.13
name: Fraction of starch degraded to Maltotriose
type: Parameter

DPE1 KMP
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 11700.0
name: DPE1 Glc KM
type: Parameter

G3 formation
fast: false
modifier: 498583
product: 498546
type: Reaction
is: SBO:0000393
reactant: 498534
reversible: false
modifier: 498571
kinetic law: 498595
name: Maltotriose formation from Starch
modifier: 498559

498960
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032819
name: Maltose
type: SpeciesReference

498241
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

DPE1 KiA
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 746.42
name: DPE1 G3 Ki
type: Parameter

DPE1 KiP
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 5571.429
name: DPE1 Glc Ki
type: Parameter

498472
stoichiometry: 2923.98
species: 032822
name: Maltose
type: SpeciesReference

498620
stoichiometry: 2923.98
species: 032822
name: Maltose
type: SpeciesReference

498399
exponent: -1.0
scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: MOLE
type: SBMLUnit

498766
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032835
name: ATP pool
type: SpeciesReference

CGP KMB
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 5900.0
name: Cytosolic glucan phosphorylase Pi KM
type: Parameter

DPE1 KiQ
is: SBO:0000009
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 100.0
name: DPE1 G5 Ki
type: Parameter

032947
is: SBO:0000025
constant: true
units: 498071
value: 50.0
name: DPE1 kcat
type: Parameter

033071
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498168
value: 47.0
name: Hexokinase KM(G6P)
type: Parameter

498972
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 032831
name: AG
type: SpeciesReference

CGP
has only substance units: false
constant: false
substance units: 498143
boundary condition: false
in compartment: 032805
is: http://identifiers.org/ec-code/2.4.1.1
name: Cytosolic Glucan phosphorylase
initial concentration: 2.0
initial amount: NaN
is: SBO:0000014
type: Species

033043
is: SBO:0000027
constant: true
units: 498302
value: 0.5
name: Beta Amylase KM for Starch
type: Parameter

DPE1 Keq
is: SBO:0000281
constant: true
units: dimensionless
value: 1.0
name: DPE1 Keq
type: Parameter

498083
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND
type: SBMLUnit

ORG:
  orgname: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
n:
  given: Ambarish
  family: Nag

ORG:
  orgname: EMBL-EBI
n:
  given: Vijayalakshmi
  family: Chelliah