PR5 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G80130 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G52060 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Chitin receptor mutant, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep3
Chitin receptor mutant, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep3
HSP17.4B DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AKR4C9 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT4G23680 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Sample) genotype/chitin receptor mutant
AT2G25510 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G18980 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ADF11 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ZFP6 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ESC DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G76960 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ICL UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
RD20 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT2G43620 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
GH3.5 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
sks15 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G60420 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G43910 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
BETA-VPE UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
WAK1 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
SAL2 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT4G11890 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT4G31320 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G25930 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ARD UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
PER24 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
A LysM Receptor-like Kinase Mediates Chitin Perception and Fungal Resistance in Arabidopsis; Jinrong Wan,1 Xuecheng Zhang,1 David Neece,2 Katrina M. Ramonell,3 Steve Clough,2,4 Sung-yong Kim,1 Minviluz Stacey,1 and Gary Stacey1*; 1Division of Plant Sciences, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; 2Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; 3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; 4US Department of Agriculture, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology and Genetics Research, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: staceyg@missouri.edu; Abstract: Chitin, a polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, is found in fungal cell walls, but not in plants. Plant cells are capable of perceiving chitin fragments (chitooligosaccharides) to trigger various defense responses. We identified a LysM receptor-like protein (AtLysM RLK1) that is required for the perception of chitooligosaccharides in Arabidopsis. Mutation of this gene blocked the induction of almost all chitooligosaccharide-responsive genes (CRGs) and led to more susceptibility to fungal pathogens, but not to a bacterial pathogen. In addition, exogenously applied chitooligosaccharides enhanced resistance against both fungal and bacterial pathogens in the wild-type plants, but not in the mutant. Together, our data strongly suggest AtLysM RLK1 is the chitin receptor or a key part of the receptor complex and chitin is a PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular pattern) in fungi recognized by the receptor leading to the induction of plant innate immunity against fungal pathogens. Since LysM RLKs were also recently shown to be critical for the perception of the rhizobial lipo-chitin Nod signals, our data suggest that LysM RLKs not just recognize friendly symbiotic rhizobia (via their lipo-chitin Nod signals), but also hostile fungal pathogens (via their cell wall chitin). These data suggest a possible evolutionary relationship between the perception mechanisms of Nod signals and chitin by plants. Experiment Overall Design: wild type Col-0 and chitin receptor mutants treated with or without chitooctaose
(Assay) Chitin receptor mutant, water treatment, biological rep1
Chitin receptor mutant, water treatment, biological rep1
AT1G64470 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G73120 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT4G39675 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G78410 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATPS2 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
PYD4 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
GRXS13 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
MLP34 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G65500 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G45710 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATST4B DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G19430 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Chitin receptor mutant, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep1
Chitin receptor mutant, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep1
PAD3 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATPSK2 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
SUS4 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
SBP3 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Chitin receptor mutant, water treatment, biological rep3
Chitin receptor mutant, water treatment, biological rep3
(Assay) Wild type, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep1
Wild type, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep1
AT1G72060 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Wild type, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep2
Wild type, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep2
APL3 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATAGP30 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT2G43610 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G19530 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G80240 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CML41 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT2G37750 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATERF6 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Wild type, water treatment, biological rep1
Wild type, water treatment, biological rep1
XTH12 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
FLA6 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Chitin receptor mutant, water treatment, biological rep2
Chitin receptor mutant, water treatment, biological rep2
AT1G15040 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
PME17 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT5G24210 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CAX3 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CXE15 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
GLUC UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G52050 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
PR1 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ROF2 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
BGL2 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
RAP2.6 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
GPT2 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G19900 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G52070 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATPSK4 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G21710 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G59480 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G19400 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CML47 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATTI3 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT5G15180 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATDR4 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CYP87A2 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT5G03350 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G22550 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
VSR7 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Factor value) GENOTYPE/wild type genotype
AT1G26800 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Chitin receptor mutant, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep2
Chitin receptor mutant, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep2
ATGSTF12 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
Analysis of 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CHI UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
NLM1 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATST2A DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
BGLU11 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATCTH DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Factor value) GROWTH_CONDITION/chitooctaose
ZIP3 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Wild type, water treatment, biological rep2
Wild type, water treatment, biological rep2
AIG1 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AGP5 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
WRKY70 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
DTXL2 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
LURP1 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
PER10 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
PNP-A UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CRK30 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATRBOHB DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATL11 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G13340 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATL8 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT3G44450 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AtPP2-A13 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT2G17880 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
GH3.6 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
UNE11 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
PRP3 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATBS1 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G50060 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
MLP329 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G72920 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G02360 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
MAP18 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
GMI1 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
QQS DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Wild type, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep3
Wild type, chitooctaose treatment, biological rep3
ATHSP101 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATGSTF5 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AGP13 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G52000 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
LOX2 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CORI3 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CYP710A1 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
DTXL1 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
SAG13 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT4G17660 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
(Assay) Wild type, water treatment, biological rep3
Wild type, water treatment, biological rep3
CERK1 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G19960 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ARR5 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
ATMLP-300B DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
AT1G21100 DOWN in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'
CML10 UP in 'rlk1 mutant' vs 'wild type' in 'water'