CG8147 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG7194 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG32364 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG33169 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Ilp4 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG14317 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
l(1)sc DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG33494 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG5390 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG17209 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Obp99a DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13716 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Bsg25A DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG34214 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG14915 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Cyp4p2 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG18473 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG42708 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
In all animals, the initial events of embryogenesis are controlled by maternal gene products that are deposited into the developing oocyte. At some point after fertilization, control of embryogenesis is transferred to the zygotic genome in a process called the maternal to zygotic transition (MZT). During this time maternal RNAs are degraded and zygotic RNAs are transcribed1. A long standing question has been, what factors regulate these events? The recent findings that microRNAs and Smaugs mediate maternal transcript degradation brought new life to this old problem2,3, however, the transcription factors that activate zygotic gene expression remained elusive. A clue came from the finding that many early zygotic genes in Drosophila share a cis-regulatory heptamer motif, CAGGTAG and related sequences, collectively referred to as TAG-team sites4,5. We asked whether there was a dedicated transcription factor that interacts with these sites to activate early genes. Here we report the discovery of a zinc-finger protein, Zelda (Zld) that binds specifically to TAG-team sites, and is capable of activating transcription in transient transfection assays. Mutant embryos lacking zld are defective in the cellularization process, and fail to activate the transcription of many early zygotic genes involved in cellularization, sex determination, and dorsoventral patterning. Global expression profiling confirmed that Zld plays a key role in the activation of the early zygotic genome, and suggests that Zld may also play a role in maternal RNA degradation during the MZT since many RNAs are up-regulated in the absence of Zld. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA samples were extracted from three replicate collections of 1-2 hr yw and M- zld embryos by TRIzol (invitrogen). A portion of the collected embryos was fixed and stained with DAPI; 90% were in nuclear cycles 8 to13. cDNA was prepared using the GeneChipÃÂÃÂ® HT One-Cycle cDNA Synthesis Kit (Manufactured by Invitrogen for Affymetrix) and labeled with the BioArrayÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ¢ HighYieldÃÂ¢ÃÂÃÂ¢ RNA Transcript Labeling Kit (Enzo). Labeled probes were hybridized to Drosophila Genome 2 Affymetrix arrays and processed by a GeneChip Fluidics Station 400. Data were acquired and normalized by the GeneChipÃÂÃÂ® Scanner 3000 and processed by the Affymetrix GeneChip Operating Software (GCOS). t-test analysis was performed on the data from three biological replicates.
Z600 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG31619 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG1894 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG42342 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG4562 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
SNCF DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG7352 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG2187 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG5731 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Ac78C DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
sisA DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Neu2 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG14014 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG43725 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
TepII DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
olf186-F UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
wupA DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG31997 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG3781 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG18446 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG3835 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG15876 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG5194 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13000 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG16813 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Unc-115b UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Mlp60A DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG8960 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG12200 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Tsp96F UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13375 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG8964 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
halo DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG11880 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG34266 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG6885 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG1600 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG14508 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
blanks UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG12493 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG14879 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13712 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG10407 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13822 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG16815 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG4408 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG16896 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG30428 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG6401 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG31648 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
mod(mdg4) UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
olf186-F DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
(Sample) organism/Drosophila melanogaster
CG18547 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG17650 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG8027 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13937 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG34224 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG5835 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG32816 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13029 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG7381 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13711 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG13713 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG9914 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Lcp65Ag2 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG4398 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG3397 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG5455 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG18269 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG3837 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
(Factor value) GENOTYPE/wild type genotype
CG13333 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
alpha-Est10 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Osi6 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Sry-alpha DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG32017 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG10013 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
amos DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG8145 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
zen2 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
stumps UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG32625 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG8116 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
miple2 UP in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
nullo DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG15634 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
CG15480 DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'
Pepck DOWN in 'zld mutant' vs 'wild type'