URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Structure_of_peripheral_vein
The fluid within the amniotic cavity which surrounds and protects the developing embryo. (NCI)CDISC Amniotic cavity fluid which is produced by the AMNION and fetal lungs and kidneys.MSH2001
The fluid within the amniotic cavity which surrounds and protects the developing embryo. It is initially produced by the amnion and then later by the lungs and kidneys. The amount at term normally varies from 500 to 2000 ml.
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Amniotic_fluid
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Amniotic_Sac
Tiny vascular tissue projections from the membranous sac that surrounds the embryo.
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Chorionic_Villus
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Embryonic_Fluid
A reproductive system organ that produces and releases either sperm (testis) or eggs (ovary).
The part of the reproductive system that produces and releases eggs (ovaries) or sperm (testicles/testes).NCI-GLOSS
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Organ
A vein on either side of the body which is formed by the union of the external and internal iliac veins and passes upward to join with its fellow of the opposite side to form the inferior vena cava.MSH2001
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Iliac_Vein
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Rhomboid
entity
continuant
a heart
a person
a symphony orchestra
the color of a tomato
the disposition of blood to coagulate
the lawn and atmosphere in front of our building
the mass of a cloud
An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
endurant
occurrent
a surgical operation as processual context for a nosocomical infection
the life of an organism
the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life
the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis
the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants.
perdurant
independent continuant
a chair
a leg
an organism
the bottom right portion of a human torso
A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
substantial entity
dependent continuant
A continuant that is either dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers or inheres in or is borne by other entities.
process
the process of cell-division
the process of sleeping
A processual entity that is a maximally connected spatiotemporal whole and has bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities.
temporal region
the duration of a surgical procedure
the moment of death
the time it takes to run a marathon
An occurrent that is part of time.
All instances of occurrent [span:Occurrent] are temporal entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (temporal) location with temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatiotemporal location of a temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] is this region itself. Continuant [snap:Continuant] entities are not temporal entities in the technical sense just explained; they are related to time in a different way, not through temporal location but through a relation of existence at a time or during a period of time (see continuant [snap:Continuant].
An instance of temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] is a part of time. All parts of time are temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities and only temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities are parts of time. Time is the entire extent of the temporal universe, a designated individual, which is thus a temporal region itself.
Time and temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] entities are entities in their own rights which exist independently of any entities which can be located at them. This view of time can be called "absolutist" or "the container view" in analogy to what is traditionally the case with space (see spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion].
disposition
the disposition of a patient with a weakened immune system to contract disease
the disposition of a vase to brake if dropped
the disposition of metal to conduct electricity
the disposition of vegetables to decay when not refrigerated
A realizable entity that essentially causes a specific process or transformation in the object in which it inheres, under specific circumstances and in conjunction with the laws of nature. A general formula for dispositions is: X (object has the disposition D to (transform, initiate a process) R under conditions C.
realizable entity
the function of the reproductive organs
the role of being a doctor
A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
If a realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] inheres in a continuant [snap:Continuant], this does not imply that it is actually realized.
quality
the ambient temperature of air
the circumference of a waist
the mass of a piece of gold
the shape of a nose
the weight of a chimpanzee
A specifically dependent continuant that is exhibited if it inheres in an entity or entities at all (a categorical property).
specifically dependent continuant
the disposition of fish to decay
the function of the heart in the body: to pump blood, to receive de-oxygenated and oxygenated blood, etc.
the liquidity of blood
the smell of mozzarella
A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
mode
property
trope
temporal instant
right now
the moment at which a child is born
the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident
A connected temporal region comprising a single moment of time.
connected temporal region
the 1970s years
the time from the beginning to the end of a heart attack
the time taken up by cellular meiosis
A temporal region every point of which is mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which.
role
the role of a biological grandfather as legal guardian in the context of a system of laws
the role of a chemical compound in an experiment
the role of a patient relative as defined by a hospital administrative form
the role of a person as a surgeon
the role of a student in a university
the role of a woman as a legal mother in the context of system of laws
the role of ingested matter in digestion
A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
object boundary
the outer surface of a cell or cell wall
the surface of the earth
the surface of the interior of the stomach
the surface of the skin
An independent continuant that is a lower dimensional part of a spatial entity, normally a closed two-dimensional surface. Boundaries are those privileged parts of object entities that exist at exactly the point where the object is separated off from the rest of the existing entities in the world.
Boundaries are theoretically difficult entities to account for, however the intuitive notion of a physical boundary as a surface of some sort (whether inside or outside of a thing) will generally serve as a good guide for the use of this universal.
substance boundary
site
Maria's nostril or her intestines for a variety of bacteria
a particular room in a particular hospital
An independent continuant consisting of a characteristic spatial shape in relation to some arrangement of other continuant entities and of the medium which is enclosed in whole or in part by this characteristic spatial shape. Site entities are entities that can be occupied by other continuant entities.
An instance of Site [snap:Site] is a mixture of independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities which act as surrounding environments for other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities, most importantly for instances of object [snap:Object]. A site [snap:Site] is typically made of object [snap:Object] or fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart] entities and a surrounding medium in which is found an object [snap:Object] occupying the site [snap:Site]. Independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities may be associated with others (which, then, are sites) through a relation of "occupation". That relation is connected to, but distinct from, the relation of spatial location. Site [snap:Site] entities are not to be confused with spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities. In BFO, site [snap:Site] allows for a so-called relational view of space which is different from the view corresponding to the class spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] (see the comment on this class).
generically dependent continuant
a certain PDF file that exists in different and in several hard drives
A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time.
scattered temporal region
the time occupied by the individual games of the World Cup
the time occupied by the individual liaisons in a romantic affair
A temporal region every point of which is not mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which.
function
the digestive function of the stomach to nutriate the body
the function of a birth canal to enable transport
the function of a computer program to compute mathematical equations
the function of a hammer to drive in nails
the function of a judge in a court of law
the function of an automobile to provide transportation
the function of reproduction in the transmission of genetic material
A realizable entity the manifestation of which is an essentially end-directed activity of a continuant entity in virtue of that continuant entity being a specific kind of entity in the kind or kinds of contexts that it is made for.
process boundary
birth
death
the detaching of a finger in an industrial accident
the final separation of two cells at the end of cell-division
the forming of a synapse
the incision at the beginning of a surgery
the onset of REM sleep
A processual entity that is the fiat or bona fide instantaneous temporal process boundary.
temporal interval
any continuous temporal duration during which a process occurs
A connected temporal region lasting for more than a single moment of time.
material entity
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
Examples: collection of random bacteria, a chair, dorsal surface of the body
Material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] subsumes object [snap:Object], fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart], and object aggregate [snap:ObjectAggregate], which assume a three level theory of granularity, which is inadequate for some domains, such as biology.
part of
part_of
is part of
has_part
has part
inheres_in
inheres in
bearer of
bearer_of
is bearer of
realized by
realized_by
is realized by
realizes
participates_in
participates in
has_participant
has participant
concretization of
concretization_of
is concretization of
is concretized as
concretizes
immediately preceded by
immediately_preceded_by
is immediately preceded by
immediately_precedes
immediately precedes
X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)
preceded by
preceded_by
disjoint_from part_of, but this cannot be expressed in OWL2
is preceded by
precedes
course of
course_of
is course of
has_course
has course
occurs_in
occurs in
has_site_of
has site of
Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing during some s.
begins_to_exist_during
begins to exist during
Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely.
ceases_to_exist_during
ceases to exist during
s_depends_on
s depends on
has_granular_part
has granular part
has_granular_process_part
has granular process part
granular part of
granular_part_of
is granular part of
granular part of process
granular_part_of_process
is granular part of process
aggregate of
aggregate_of
is aggregate of
fiat part of
fiat_part_of
is fiat part of
has_participant_beginning_to_exist
has participant beginning to exist
has_participant_ceasing_to_exist
has participant ceasing to exist
function of
function_of
is function of
quality of
quality_of
is quality of
role of
role_of
is role of
located in
located_in
is located in
located at
located_at
is located at
g_depends_on
g depends on
has_function
has function
has_quality
has quality
has_role
has role
x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer
x distal_to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal).
x dorsal_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
x posterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail.
x proximal_to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y.
x ventral_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly).
Further away from the surface of the organism. Thus, the muscular layer is deep to the skin, but superficial to the intestines.
X left_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the left portion.
X right_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the right portion.
X proximal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the proximal portion.
X distal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the distal portion.
X in_lateral_side_of Y <=> if X is in_left_side_of Y or X is in_right_side_of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure
X in_median_plane_of Y <=> if X lies on the median plane of Y; i.e. X overlaps o in_left_side_of Y and X overlaps o in_right_side_of Y. X is an unpaired structure
X proximal_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y
This relation holds when both the deep_to and ajdacent_to relationship similarly hold.
X distal_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y
x preaxial_to y iff x is further along the preaxial-postaxial axis than y, towards the front.
anatomical structure
material anatomical entity
cell component
multi-cell-component structure
neuron projection bundle
A compound in which a carbohydrate component is covalently bound to a protein component.
Any polysaccharide containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues.
Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity.
A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances.
A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms.
Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen.
A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table.
A p-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a p-block element.
A macromolecule formed by a living organism.
Conjugated protein is a protein that contains a non-peptide component, usually in stoichiometric proportion.
A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass.
Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.
A biological macromolecule minimally consisting of one polypeptide chain synthesized at the ribosome.
Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom.
An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond.
An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond.
Any of the group of polysaccharides composed of alternating units from uronic acids and glycosamines, and commonly partially esterified with sulfuric acid.
A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition, a highly ordered atomic structure and specific physical properties.
Any molecular entity that contains carbon.
A phosphate mineral with the general formula Ca5(PO4)3X where X = OH, F or Cl.
A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH).
A chemical substance is a portion of matter of constant composition, composed of molecular entities of the same type or of different types.
A mixture is a chemical substance composed of multiple molecules, at least two of which are of a different kind.
Any organooxygen compound derived from a carbohydrate by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by an amino group, a thiol group or similar heteroatomic groups. The term also includes derivatives of these compounds.
a maintaining cell culture process that keeps cell line cell alive and actively cultured.
A cultured cell that is part of a cell line - a stable and homogeneous population of cells with a common biological origin and propagation history in culture
Yongqun He, Matthew Brush, Sirarat Sarntivijai, Alexander Diehl, Jie Zheng, Yu Lin, Bjoern Peters
A 'cell line cell' is a part of a cell line established through the passaging/selection of a primary cultured cells or the experimental modification of an existing cell line. New types of cell line cells are established after sufficient passaging of a primary culture to establish a stable and homogenous population that qualifies as a line (typically 1-20 passages), or following some spontaneous or experimental modification that confers novel characteristics to an existing line. A cell line cell typically has mutations of five or more genes compared to the original cell that derives the cell line cell. Some gene mutations may turn on some oncogenes. Cell line cells can be in active culture, stored in a quiescent state for future use (e.g. frozen in liquid nitrogen), or applied in experimental procedures.
suspension cell line culturing is a cell line culturing method where cells do not require a surface for growth and differentiation. This method is appropriate for cells that are adapted to suspension culture or cells that are non-adhesive (e.g. hematopoietic cells)
adherent cell line culturing is a cell line culturing method where cells require a surface for growth and differentiation.
a material processing that modifies an existing cell line cell to generate another cell line cell.
a role that inheres in a cell line repository organization.
an organization that stores a large number of cell lines. Its website is: http://www.atcc.org.
ATCC
an organization that serves as a cell ine repository. Its website is: http://bioinformatics.istge.it/hypercldb/.
an organization that serves as a repository of cell lines.
adherent on coated surface cell line culturing is an adherent cell line culturing method that the surface is coated with extracellular matrix component to increase adhesion properties and provide other signals needed for growth and differentiation.
adherent on coated surface cell line culturing
a cell line cell that is in the ATCC cell line repository
a cell line cell that is in the HyperCLDB cell line repository
We cannot find the term tumor from an exisitng ontology. So we generate this term for now in CLO.
adherent on feeder cells cell line culturing
A cell line cell that is capable of replicating a limited number of times in culture before undergoing senescence.
Yongqun He, Matthew Brush, Sirarat Sarntivijai
A cell line cell that is expected to be capable of an unlimited number of divisions, and is thus able to support indefinite propagation in vitro as part of an immortal cell line.
Yongqun He, Matthew Brush, Allen Xiang, Asiyah Yu Lin, Sirarat Sarntivijai, James Malone, Jie Zheng, Tomasz Adamusiak
Cell line cells can become immortalized in vitro through spontaneous immortalization (common in many rodent lines), or through some intentional genetic modification such as transfection with oncogenes such as hTRT (catalytic telomerase subunit), or ras (a small GTPase that is a potent activator of cell proliferation). Additionally, cell lines derived from cancer cells or certain stem cells can qualify as immortal without undergoing an in vitro immortalization process.
a immortal cell line that is dervied from human tissue.
immortal human cell line
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from frog.
immortal frog cell line cell
an immortal cell line cell that is generated by fusing two different types of cells. One of the parent cells is typically a cancer cell.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from zebra fish.
immortal zebra fish cell line cell
a cell line that requires suspension cell cuturing.
a cell line that is cultured through adherence cell culturing.
He, Tong-Chuan, et al., Identification of c-MYC as a target of the APC pathway. Science 281.5382 (1998): 1509-1512.: "To evaluate the transcriptional effects of APC, we studied a human colorectal cancer cell line (HT29-APC) containing a zinc-inducible APC gene and a control cell line (HT29–β-Gal) containing an analogous inducible lacZ gene". Note that common usage in the literature is often of the form "a human colorectal cancer cell line", as seen above. But such references to studies in "a line" refer to the fact that discrete populations of cells that are input into culturing or experiments, not an entire lineage of cells. It is these discrete populations that we refer to as 'cell lines'.
A cultured cell population that represents a genetically stable and homogenous population of cultured cells that shares a common propagation history (i.e. has been successively passaged together in culture).
In the spring of 2013, a working group comprised of domain experts and representatives from CLO, OBI, CL, and ReO worked to establish a consensus model and definitions of cultured cells across these efforts. This included a careful characterization of how the term 'cell line' should be defined and applied. Notes about this work and its outcomes can be found on the CLO wiki here: http://code.google.com/p/clo-ontology/wiki/Cell_Lines
The term 'line' is used when a culture has undergone an intentional experimental process to establish a more uniform and stable population of cells (see 'establishing cell line'). This will require one or more passages, but may involve additional selection processes. Through such passaging and/or selection processes, the resulting 'line' attains some level of genetic stability and compositional homogeneity which is typically absent in primary cultures. Because of their relative homogeneity, ‘lines’ are capable of being characterized and stably propagated over a period of time. A new *type* of cell line can be established not only through the passaging/selection of a primary culture, but also through experimental modifications of existing lines (e.g. immortalization, stable genetic modifications, drug selection for a resistant subset, etc.). The definition provided here establishes the 'scale' of cell populations that qualify as cell lines - specifically those with a shared propagation history in culture. In this way, the 'cell line' class demarcates populations that represent what researchers actually use in the practice of science - e.g. as inputs to culturing, experimentation, and sharing. The definition is such that cell lines will exhibit important attributes. For example, they will have a relatively homogenous cell type composition as they have experienced similar selective pressures due to their continuous co-propagation. In addition, these populations can also be characterized by a passage number, again owing to their common passaging history. As defined here, 'cell line' can refer to a population of cells in active culture, applied experimentally, or stored in a quiescent state for future use.
cell line
mixed adherent and suspension cell line culturing
clusters in suspension cell line culturing
Oliver Note: this term needs precise definition. will consult term users later.
Ba/F3 Stably co-expresses EpoR and JAK2V617F EpoR and JAK2V617F constructs
Ba/F3 cell line EpoR and JAK2V617F co-expression
CHO Established (in your ontology) Stably transfected with Cre-beta lactamase: Cre Bla CHO cell line
CHO cell line co-expression of lactamase
suspension with feeder cells cell line culturing
suspension-multicell aggregates cell line culturing
a immortal cell line that is dervied from mouse tissue.
immortal mouse cell line
a immortal cell line that is dervied from mouse macrophage.
immortal mouse macrophage cell line
a cell line that is derived from stem cell
a immortal cell line that is dervied from mouse liver.
immortal mouse liver cell line
a immortal cell line that is dervied from a Gorilla gorilla tissue.
immortal Gorilla gorilla cell line
a immortal stem cell line that is derived from somatic stem cell
a immortal somatic stem cell line that is derived from epithelial fate stem cell
immortal epithelial fate stem cell line cell
a immortal epithelial fate stem cell line that is derived from basal cell
a immortal somatic stem cell line that is derived from multi fate stem cell
a immortal multi fate stem cell line that is derived from neuronal stem cell
a immortal neuronal stem cell line that is derived from neuroblast
a immortal multi fate stem cell line that is derived from mesenchymal cell
a cell line that is derived from non-terminally differentiated cell
immortal non-terminally differentiated cell line
immortal non-terminally differentiated cell line cell
a immortal non-terminally differentiated cell line that is derived from osteoblast
a immortal non-terminally differentiated cell line that is derived from muscle precursor cell
immortal muscle precursor cell line cell
a immortal muscle precursor cell line that is derived from myoblast
a immortal myoblast cell line that is derived from fusion competent myoblast
immortal fusion competent myoblast cell line
immortal fusion competent myoblast cell line cell
a cell line that is derived from secretory cell
a immortal secretory cell line that is derived from glandular epithelial cell
immortal glandular epithelial cell line cell
a immortal glandular epithelial cell line cell that is derived from chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland
immortal anterior pituitary gland chromophil cell line cell
a immortal chromophil cell line cell of anterior pituitary gland that is derived from thyrotroph
a immortal chromophil cell line of anterior pituitary gland that is derived from acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis
immortal pars distalis of adenohypophysis acidophil cell line cell
a immortal glandular epithelial cell line that is derived from neck cell
a immortal glandular epithelial cell line that is derived from glandular cell of stomach
immortal glandular cell line of stomach cell
a immortal glandular cell line of stomach that is derived from parietal cell
a immortal secretory cell line that is derived from exocrine cell
a immortal secretory cell line that is derived from endocrine cell
a immortal endocrine cell line that is derived from mast cell
a immortal endocrine cell line cell that is derived from neuroendocrine cell
a immortal endocrine cell line that is derived from Leydig cell
a immortal secretory cell line cell that is derived from Sertoli cell
a immortal secretory cell line that is derived from plasma cell
an immortal cell line cell that is derived from contractile cell
a immortal contractile cell line cell that is derived from myofibroblast cell
a immortal contractile cell line cell that is derived from muscle cell
a immortal muscle cell line cell that is derived from skeletal muscle cell
a immortal muscle cell line cell that is derived from smooth muscle cell
an immortal cell line cell that is derived from electrically active cell
immortal electrically active cell line cell
a immortal electrically active cell line cell that is derived from electrically responsive cell
immortal electrically responsive cell line cell
a immortal electrically responsive cell line cell that is derived from neuron
a immortal neuron cell line cell that is derived from bipolar neuron
a immortal bipolar neuron cell line cell that is derived from ON-bipolar cell
a immortal neuron cell line cell that is derived from peripheral neuron
immortal peripheral neuron cell line cell
a immortal neuron cell line cell that is derived from stellate cell
an immortal cell line cell that is derived from barrier cell
an immortal barrier cell line cell that is derived from lining cell
a immortal lining cell line cell that is derived from mesothelial cell
a immortal mesothelial cell line cell that is derived from seminiferous tubule epithelial cell
immortal seminiferous tubule epithelial cell line cell
a immortal seminiferous tubule epithelial cell line cell that is derived from spermatocyte
a immortal lining cell line cell that is derived from endothelial cell
a immortal barrier cell line cell that is derived from myelinating Schwann cell
immortal myelinating Schwann cell line cell
a cell line that is derived from motile cell
a immortal motile cell line that is derived from phagocyte
a immortal phagocyte cell line that is derived from mononuclear phagocyte
immortal mononuclear phagocyte cell line cell
a immortal phagocyte cell line that is derived from macrophage
a immortal macrophage cell line that is derived from tissue-resident macrophage
immortal tissue-resident macrophage cell line cell
a immortal tissue-resident macrophage cell line that is derived from microglial cell
a immortal tissue-resident macrophage cell line that is derived from peritoneal macrophage
immortal peritoneal macrophage cell line cell
a immortal phagocyte cell line that is derived from polygonal cell
a immortal motile cell line that is derived from amoeboid cell
a immortal motile cell line that is derived from leukocyte
a immortal leukocyte cell line that is derived from dendritic cell
a immortal dendritic cell line that is derived from Langerhans cell
a immortal leukocyte cell line that is derived from myeloid leukocyte
immortal myeloid leukocyte cell line cell
a immortal myeloid leukocyte cell line that is derived from monocyte
a immortal leukocyte cell line that is derived from nongranular leukocyte
immortal nongranular leukocyte cell line
immortal nongranular leukocyte cell line cell
a immortal nongranular leukocyte cell line that is derived from lymphocyte
a immortal lymphocyte cell line that is derived from T cell
a immortal T cell line that is derived from alpha-beta T cell
a immortal alpha-beta T cell line that is derived from immature alpha-beta T cell
immortal immature alpha-beta T cell line
immortal immature alpha-beta T cell line cell
a immortal immature alpha-beta T cell line that is derived from double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte
immortal double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte cell line
immortal double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte cell line cell
a immortal alpha-beta T cell line that is derived from mature alpha-beta T cell
immortal mature alpha-beta T cell line cell
a immortal mature alpha-beta T cell line that is derived from CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell
immortal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell line
immortal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell line cell
a immortal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell line that is derived from induced T-regulatory cell
immortal induced T-regulatory cell line cell
a immortal T cell line that is derived from mature T cell
a immortal mature T cell line that is derived from helper T cell
a immortal T cell line that is derived from immature T cell
a immortal lymphocyte cell line that is derived from B cell
a immortal B cell line that is derived from precursor B cell
a immortal lymphocyte cell line that is derived from natural killer cell
a cell line that is derived from single nucleate cell
a cell line that is derived from multinucleate cell
a immortal cell line cell that is derived from eukaryotic cell
a immortal eukaryotic cell line that is derived from vegetative cell (sensu Mycetozoa)
immortal vegetative cell line (sensu Mycetozoa)
immortal vegetative cell line (sensu Mycetozoa) cell
a immortal vegetative cell line (sensu Mycetozoa) that is derived from aggregate cell
a immortal vegetative cell line (sensu Mycetozoa) that is derived from anterior like cell
a immortal eukaryotic cell line that is derived from animal cell
a immortal animal cell line that is derived from epithelial cell
a immortal epithelial cell line that is derived from duct epithelial cell
a immortal epithelial cell line that is derived from columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell
immortal columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell line cell
a immortal columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell line that is derived from neurecto-epithelial cell
immortal neurecto-epithelial cell line cell
a immortal neurecto-epithelial cell line that is derived from melanocyte
a immortal neurecto-epithelial cell line that is derived from pigmented epithelial cell
immortal pigmented epithelial cell line cell
a immortal epithelial cell line that is derived from squamous epithelial cell
immortal squamous epithelial cell line cell
a immortal squamous epithelial cell line that is derived from stratified squamous epithelial cell
immortal stratified squamous epithelial cell line cell
a immortal stratified squamous epithelial cell line that is derived from keratinizing barrier epithelial cell
immortal keratinizing barrier epithelial cell line cell
a immortal keratinizing barrier epithelial cell line that is derived from keratinocyte
a immortal squamous epithelial cell line that is derived from epidermal cell
a immortal epithelial cell line that is derived from stratified epithelial cell
immortal stratified epithelial cell line cell
a immortal epithelial cell line that is derived from epithelial cell of lung
immortal epithelial cell line of lung cell
a immortal epithelial cell line that is derived from epithelial cell of pancreas
immortal epithelial cell line of pancreas cell
a immortal epithelial cell line that is derived from ecto-epithelial cell
a immortal epithelial cell line that is derived from meso-epithelial cell
a immortal animal cell line that is derived from extraembryonic cell
a immortal extraembryonic cell line that is derived from trophoblast cell
a immortal animal cell line that is derived from hematopoietic cell
a immortal hematopoietic cell line that is derived from megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell
immortal megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell line
immortal megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell line cell
a immortal hematopoietic cell line that is derived from blood cell
a immortal hematopoietic cell line that is derived from myeloid cell
a immortal myeloid cell line that is derived from erythroblast
a immortal hematopoietic cell line that is derived from hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell
immortal hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell line
immortal hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell line cell
a immortal hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell line that is derived from pro-B cell
a immortal hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell line that is derived from myeloblast
a immortal myeloblast cell line that is derived from basophilic myeloblast
immortal basophilic myeloblast cell line
immortal basophilic myeloblast cell line cell
a immortal animal cell line that is derived from neural cell
a immortal neural cell line that is derived from glial cell
a immortal glial cell line that is derived from glial cell (sensu Vertebrata)
immortal glial cell line (sensu Vertebrata)
immortal glial cell line (sensu Vertebrata) cell
a immortal glial cell line (sensu Vertebrata) that is derived from astrocyte
a immortal animal cell line that is derived from connective tissue cell
immortal connective tissue cell line cell
a immortal connective tissue cell line that is derived from fibroblast
a immortal connective tissue cell line that is derived from stromal cell
a cell line that is derived from stuff accumulating cell
immortal stuff accumulating cell line cell
a cell line that is derived from parenchymal cell
a cell line that is derived from nucleate cell
a cell line that is derived from somatic cell
a disease disposition has been realized by a bearer.
Jie Zheng, Yongqun He, Yu Lin, Allen Xiang
This is a shortcut relation. It is equivalent to: participates_in some 'disease couse' and realizes some disease
has disease
a immortal epithelial cell line cell that is derived from HeLa cell
an immortal cell line cell that is established by fusing a specific antibody-producing B cell with a myeloma (B cell cancer) cell that is selected for its ability to produce a monoclonal antibody.
The production of monoclonal antibodies using the hybridoma technology was invented by Cesar Milstein and Georges J. F. Köhler in 1975. They shared the Nobel Prize of 1984 for Medicine and Physiology with Niels Kaj Jerne, who made other contributions to immunology.
WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybridoma_technology
a function of a cell that can be passaged in culture medium without death or genetic change.
cell line lineage is a history of the development of a cell line. The cell line lineage may include the original cell type from a tissue and organism that derives the cell line cell. It may also include the cell line passage and cell culturing information.
This term will be a subclass of BFO 2 'history'. The BFO 2 'history' term will be imported to CLO after the BFO 2 is finalized.
cell line lineage
an organization that stores a large number of cell lines. Its website is: http://ccr.coriell.org/.
Coriell Cell Line Repositories
an organization that serves as a cell ine repository. Its website is: http://www.brc.riken.jp/lab/cell/english/.
RIKEN Cell Bank
an object property that specifies a cell line repository for a specifc cell line.
is in cell line repository
a cell line cell that is in the Coriell cell line repositories.
Coriell cell line cell
a cell line cell that is in the RIKEN Cell bank
RIKEN Cell Bank cell
A cell line comprised of cells which can all be traced back to a single ancestor cell, and which therefore can be treated as identical. This can be used to study just the progeny of single cells.
MHB 2013-07-16: This should be made into a defined class, using an axiom referencing a clonal cell expansion process, or a clonal cell line creation process.
cloned cell line
An immortal B cell line cell that derives from peripheral vein.
immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from organism part.
immortal organism part-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from arm.
immortal arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from organism part.
immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from tunica albuginea of testis.
immortal tunica albuginea of testis-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from amniotic fluid.
immortal amniotic fluid-derived cell line cell
An immortal T cell line cell that derives from peripheral vein.
immortal peripheral vein-derived T cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from animal ovary.
immortal animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from skin.
immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal keratinocyte cell line cell that derives from organism part.
immortal organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from testis.
immortal testis-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from liver.
immortal liver-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from lung.
immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from embryo.
immortal embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from thoracic aorta.
immortal thoracic aorta-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from gum.
immortal gum-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from digit.
immortal digit-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from zone of skin.
immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from trachealis.
immortal trachealis-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from neck.
immortal neck-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from umbilical cord.
immortal umbilical cord-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from abdominal aorta.
immortal abdominal aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from iliac vein.
immortal iliac vein-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from common iliac artery.
immortal common iliac artery-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from gonad.
immortal gonad-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from amnion.
immortal amnion-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from thigh.
immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from umbilical vein.
immortal umbilical vein-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from vasculature.
immortal vasculature-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from spleen.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from multi-cellular organism.
immortal multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from fetal membrane.
immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from dento-alveolar joint.
immortal dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure.
immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from late embryo.
immortal late embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from muscle spindle.
immortal muscle spindle-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from thymus.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from amnion.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from tongue.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pair of lungs.
immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from kidney.
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from abdominal cavity.
immortal abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from thoracic aorta.
immortal thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from placenta.
immortal placenta-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pericardium.
immortal pericardium-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from embryo.
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from foetal structure.
immortal foetal structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from external genitalia.
immortal external genitalia-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from prostate gland.
immortal prostate gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from septum of telencephalon.
immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from larva.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from area X.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from somatic nervous system.
immortal somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from lymph.
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from thoracic aorta.
immortal thoracic aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from liver.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from colon.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from caecum.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pancreas.
immortal pancreas-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from brain.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from tail.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from collecting duct of renal tubule.
immortal collecting duct of renal tubule-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from mesonephros.
immortal mesonephros-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from female gonad.
immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from chorion.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from lymphoid follicle.
immortal lymphoid follicle-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from leg.
immortal leg-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from limb/fin.
immortal limb/fin-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from testis.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from stomach.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from endothelium.
immortal endothelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from foreskin.
immortal foreskin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from achilles tendon.
immortal achilles tendon-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from bone element.
immortal bone element-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from thyroid gland.
immortal thyroid gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from urinary bladder.
immortal urinary bladder-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from acetabular part of hip bone.
immortal acetabular part of hip bone-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from breast.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from epithelium.
immortal epithelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from comma-shaped body.
immortal comma-shaped body-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from supra-orbital vein.
immortal supra-orbital vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from ear.
immortal ear-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from inguinal region.
immortal inguinal region-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from mesothelium.
immortal mesothelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from uterus.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from endometrium.
immortal endometrium-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from uterine cervix.
immortal uterine cervix-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from heart.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pituitary gland.
immortal pituitary gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from gill.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from follicular fluid.
immortal follicular fluid-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from eye.
An immortal plasma cell line cell that derives from organism part.
immortal organism part-derived plasma cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from floating rib.
immortal floating rib-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from mammary gland.
immortal mammary gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from thorax.
immortal thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from paired fin.
immortal paired fin-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from neural nucleus.
immortal neural nucleus-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from Ammon's horn.
immortal Ammon's horn-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from bone marrow.
immortal bone marrow-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from islet of Langerhans.
immortal islet of Langerhans-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pyramid of medulla oblongata.
immortal pyramid of medulla oblongata-derived cell line cell
a hybridoma cell line cell that is established by fusing cells from two mice.
most hybridoma cell line cells are mouse x mouse
mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from uterine cervix.
immortal uterine cervix-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from ileocecal junction.
immortal ileocecal junction-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from compact bone.
immortal compact bone-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from abdominal aorta.
immortal abdominal aorta-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from bronchus.
immortal bronchus-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from iliac artery.
immortal iliac artery-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from synovial membrane of synovial joint.
immortal synovial membrane of synovial joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from iliac vein.
immortal iliac vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from vagina.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from larynx.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from inferior cervical ganglion.
immortal inferior cervical ganglion-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from esophagus.
immortal esophagus-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from femoral artery.
immortal femoral artery-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from prepuce of penis.
immortal prepuce of penis-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from gingival epithelium.
immortal gingival epithelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from gingiva.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from mouth.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from peripheral vein.
immortal peripheral vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from peritoneum.
immortal peritoneum-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from round window.
immortal round window-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from conjunctiva structure.
immortal conjunctiva structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from intestine.
immortal intestine-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from rectum.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pulmonary vein.
immortal pulmonary vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from buttock.
immortal buttock-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from tonsil.
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from umbilicus.
immortal umbilicus-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from posterior commissure.
immortal posterior commissure-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from soft palate.
immortal soft palate-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from adrenal gland.
immortal adrenal gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pronephros.
immortal pronephros-derived cell line cell
An immortal smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from organism part.
immortal organism part-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from sublingual artery.
immortal sublingual artery-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from aorta.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from ligament.
immortal ligament-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from uterus.
immortal uterus-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from cerebral lobe.
immortal cerebral lobe-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from squamous part of temporal bone.
immortal squamous part of temporal bone-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pronephros.
immortal pronephros-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from mucosa.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from epidermis.
immortal epidermis-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from submandibular gland.
immortal submandibular gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal mesothelial cell line cell that derives from lung.
immortal lung-derived mesothelial cell line cell
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from eye structure.
immortal eye structure-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from hip.
immortal hip-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from prostate epithelium.
immortal prostate epithelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from retinal neural layer.
immortal retinal neural layer-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from ureter.
An immortal smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from iliac vein.
immortal iliac vein-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from common iliac artery.
immortal common iliac artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal keratinocyte cell line cell that derives from mammary gland.
immortal mammary gland-derived keratinocyte cell line cell
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from umbilical vein.
immortal umbilical vein-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from scalp.
immortal scalp-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal myoblast cell line cell that derives from skeletal muscle.
immortal skeletal muscle-derived myoblast cell line cell
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from organism part.
immortal organism part-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from sacrum.
immortal sacrum-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from shoulder.
immortal shoulder-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from placenta.
immortal placenta-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from dermis.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from cornea.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from mammalian vulva.
immortal mammalian vulva-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from spherical lensed eye.
immortal spherical lensed eye-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from ileum.
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from cervix.
immortal cervix-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal myoblast cell line cell that derives from rhomboid.
immortal rhomboid-derived myoblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from abdominal cavity.
immortal abdominal cavity-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from umbilical vein.
immortal umbilical vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from duodenum.
immortal duodenum-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from connective tissue.
immortal connective tissue-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from parotid gland.
immortal parotid gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from ischium.
immortal ischium-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from buttock.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from anatomical cluster.
immortal anatomical cluster-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from thigh.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from chordate pharynx.
immortal chordate pharynx-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from retina.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from yolk sac.
immortal yolk sac-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from nasal concha.
immortal nasal concha-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from arm.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from sacrum.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from conjunctiva.
immortal conjunctiva-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from trachea.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from respiration organ.
immortal respiration organ-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from renal glomerulus.
immortal renal glomerulus-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from nephron tubule.
immortal nephron tubule-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from sternum.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from hypodermis.
immortal hypodermis-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from proximal tubule.
immortal proximal tubule-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from mucosa of vagina.
immortal mucosa of vagina-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from endocervix.
immortal endocervix-derived cell line cell
An immortal mesothelial cell line cell that derives from organism part.
immortal organism part-derived mesothelial cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pulmonary nerve plexus.
immortal pulmonary nerve plexus-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pelvic fin.
immortal pelvic fin-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from right ureter.
immortal right ureter-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from superior rostral sulcus.
immortal superior rostral sulcus-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from gonad.
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from cornea structure.
immortal cornea structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from glomerular capsule.
immortal glomerular capsule-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from nasal vestibule.
immortal nasal vestibule-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from adrenal cortex.
immortal adrenal cortex-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from 16914.
immortal 16914-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from organism part.
immortal organism part-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from axilla.
immortal axilla-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from pulmonary artery.
immortal pulmonary artery-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from pulmonary artery.
immortal pulmonary artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from retina structure.
immortal retina structure-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from calf.
immortal calf-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from nose structure.
immortal nose structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from carotid artery.
immortal carotid artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from brain.
immortal brain-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from chimpanzee.
immortal chimpanzee peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal tunica albuginea of testis-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human tunica albuginea of testis-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal amniotic fluid-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human amniotic fluid-derived cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived T cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human peripheral vein-derived T cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat organism part-derived cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from chimpanzee.
immortal chimpanzee organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Bornean orangutan.
immortal Bornean orangutan skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pig-tailed macaque.
immortal pig-tailed macaque skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Kenya baboon.
immortal Kenya baboon skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived cell line cell that derives from long-tailed macaque.
immortal long-tailed macaque organism part-derived cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell that derives from pig-tailed macaque.
immortal pig-tailed macaque organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell that derives from long-tailed macaque.
immortal long-tailed macaque organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell
An immortal testis-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human testis-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pygmy chimpanzee.
immortal pygmy chimpanzee skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal liver-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human liver-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from red-bellied lemur.
immortal red-bellied lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from black lemur.
immortal black lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell that derives from Kenya baboon.
immortal Kenya baboon organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from variegated lemur.
immortal variegated lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from small-eared galago.
immortal small-eared galago skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from western gorilla.
immortal western gorilla skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Angolan colobus.
immortal Angolan colobus skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Colobus guereza.
immortal Colobus guereza skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from pygmy chimpanzee.
immortal pygmy chimpanzee peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Allen's swamp monkey.
immortal Allen's swamp monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from mongoose lemur.
immortal mongoose lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Ring-tailed lemur.
immortal Ring-tailed lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from chimpanzee.
immortal chimpanzee skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from black-handed spider monkey.
immortal black-handed spider monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat thoracic aorta-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Charles Island giant tortoise.
immortal Charles Island giant tortoise skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal testis-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat testis-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal gum-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human gum-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse organism part-derived cell line cell
An immortal digit-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human digit-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Indian muntjac.
immortal Indian muntjac organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human organism part-derived cell line cell
An immortal trachealis-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit trachealis-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal neck-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human neck-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal umbilical cord-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human umbilical cord-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from lesser panda.
immortal lesser panda skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal abdominal aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human abdominal aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal iliac vein-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human iliac vein-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal common iliac artery-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human common iliac artery-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal gonad-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human gonad-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal amnion-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human amnion-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal umbilical vein-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human umbilical vein-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from cattle.
An immortal vasculature-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle vasculature-derived cell line cell
An immortal spleen-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat spleen-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from cat.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from cat.
An immortal multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal spleen-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle spleen-derived cell line cell
An immortal dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal late embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat late embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal muscle spindle-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat muscle spindle-derived cell line cell
An immortal thymus-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat thymus-derived cell line cell
An immortal amnion-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human amnion-derived cell line cell
immortal cat zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal lymphocyte cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell
An immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal tongue-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat tongue-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal placenta-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat placenta-derived cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal pericardium-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human pericardium-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit embryo-derived cell line cell
a cell growth where the cell is a cell line cell.
cell line cell growth
An immortal mononuclear phagocyte cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat mononuclear phagocyte cell line cell
An immortal foetal structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human foetal structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal external genitalia-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human external genitalia-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal prostate gland-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat prostate gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal larva-derived cell line cell that derives from cabbage moth.
immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell
An immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from monkey.
immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal lymphocyte cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse lymphocyte cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal area X-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse area X-derived cell line cell
An immortal area X-derived cell line cell that derives from Mus musculus x Rattus norvegicus.
immortal Mus musculus x Rattus norvegicus area X-derived cell line cell
An immortal somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell
a hybridoma cell line cell that is established by fusing cells from a mouse and a rat.
mouse x rat hybridoma cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from common quail.
An immortal lymph-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse lymph-derived cell line cell
An immortal multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from turnip moth.
immortal turnip moth embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle thoracic aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal induced T-regulatory cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster induced T-regulatory cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from human.
An immortal liver-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell
An immortal colon-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human colon-derived cell line cell
An immortal caecum-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human caecum-derived cell line cell
An immortal pancreas-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse pancreas-derived cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pig-tailed macaque.
immortal pig-tailed macaque lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal brain-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human brain-derived cell line cell
An immortal trophoblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human trophoblast cell line cell
An immortal tail-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse tail-derived cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal collecting duct of renal tubule-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse collecting duct of renal tubule-derived cell line cell
An immortal myeloblast cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse myeloblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral neuron cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human peripheral neuron cell line cell
An immortal arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pig-tailed macaque.
immortal pig-tailed macaque arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from pig-tailed macaque.
immortal pig-tailed macaque thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal mesonephros-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse mesonephros-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal chorion-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human chorion-derived cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from horse.
immortal horse thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal lymphoid follicle-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse lymphoid follicle-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from vervet monkey.
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from vervet monkey.
immortal vervet monkey kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal mast cell line cell that derives from mouse.
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse epithelial cell line cell
An immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal liver-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse liver-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from Drosophila melanogaster.
immortal Drosophila melanogaster embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell that derives from fathead minnow.
immortal fathead minnow mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell
An immortal spleen-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal leg-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human leg-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal limb/fin-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse limb/fin-derived cell line cell
An immortal testis-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse testis-derived cell line cell
An immortal arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal stomach-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell
An immortal abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal pancreas-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human pancreas-derived cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from horse.
immortal horse thoracic aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from horse.
immortal horse thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from horse.
immortal horse lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal endothelium-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse endothelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal foreskin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human foreskin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal achilles tendon-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human achilles tendon-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal bone element-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human bone element-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat thyroid gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human epithelial cell line cell
An immortal urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human urinary bladder-derived cell line cell
An immortal liver-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human liver-derived cell line cell
An immortal acetabular part of hip bone-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human acetabular part of hip bone-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from Ovis.
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from gray fox.
immortal gray fox pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal breast-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse breast-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal epithelium-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human epithelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal comma-shaped body-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human comma-shaped body-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from sheep.
immortal sheep kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal lymphocyte cell line cell that derives from turkey.
immortal turkey lymphocyte cell line cell
An immortal breast-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human breast-derived cell line cell
An immortal spleen-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human spleen-derived cell line cell
An immortal supra-orbital vein-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human supra-orbital vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal muscle cell line cell that derives from mouse.
An immortal ear-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human ear-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal inguinal region-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human inguinal region-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal mesothelium-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human mesothelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal uterus-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell
An immortal endometrium-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from Mustelinae.
immortal Mustelinae pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal brain-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse brain-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from chicken.
An immortal cell line cell that derives from Mus musculus x Rattus norvegicus.
immortal Mus musculus x Rattus norvegicus cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal peripheral neuron cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat peripheral neuron cell line cell
An immortal uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell
An immortal heart-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human heart-derived cell line cell
An immortal pituitary gland-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat pituitary gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from Mongolian gerbil.
immortal Mongolian gerbil pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from sheep.
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from gecko.
immortal gecko pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse urinary bladder-derived cell line cell
An immortal gill-derived cell line cell that derives from walking catfish.
immortal walking catfish gill-derived cell line cell
An immortal tongue-derived cell line cell that derives from bullfrog.
immortal bullfrog tongue-derived cell line cell
An immortal follicular fluid-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human follicular fluid-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human thyroid gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal eye-derived cell line cell that derives from torafugu.
immortal torafugu eye-derived cell line cell
An immortal spermatocyte cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse spermatocyte cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from chicken.
immortal chicken embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal brain-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat brain-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived plasma cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse organism part-derived plasma cell line cell
An immortal floating rib-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human floating rib-derived cell line cell
An immortal urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat urinary bladder-derived cell line cell
An immortal mammary gland-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal blood cell line cell that derives from human.
An immortal megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from Mustelinae.
immortal Mustelinae septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal colon-derived cell line cell that derives from guinea pig.
immortal guinea pig colon-derived cell line cell
An immortal thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal paired fin-derived cell line cell that derives from bluestriped grunt.
immortal bluestriped grunt paired fin-derived cell line cell
An immortal neural nucleus-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat neural nucleus-derived cell line cell
An immortal Ammon's horn-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat Ammon's horn-derived cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from sheep.
immortal sheep organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal brain-derived cell line cell that derives from ferret.
immortal ferret brain-derived cell line cell
An immortal bone marrow-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal islet of Langerhans-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse islet of Langerhans-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from Miopithecus talapoin.
immortal Miopithecus talapoin kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from budgerigar.
immortal budgerigar kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse thyroid gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal pyramid of medulla oblongata-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human pyramid of medulla oblongata-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from squamate.
immortal squamate pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal aorta-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse aorta-derived cell line cell
An immortal uterine cervix-derived epithelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human uterine cervix-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal ileocecal junction-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human ileocecal junction-derived cell line cell
An immortal compact bone-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human compact bone-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal abdominal aorta-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human abdominal aorta-derived cell line cell
An immortal bronchus-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human bronchus-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal pancreas-derived cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster pancreas-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from horse.
An immortal organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human organism part-derived keratinocyte cell line cell
An immortal iliac artery-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human iliac artery-derived cell line cell
An immortal synovial membrane of synovial joint-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit synovial membrane of synovial joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from Himalayan Tahr.
immortal Himalayan Tahr female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from Himalayan Tahr.
immortal Himalayan Tahr fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal iliac vein-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human iliac vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal B cell line cell that derives from human.
An immortal vagina-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human vagina-derived cell line cell
An immortal larynx-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human larynx-derived cell line cell
An immortal inferior cervical ganglion-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human inferior cervical ganglion-derived cell line cell
An immortal esophagus-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell
An immortal femoral artery-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human femoral artery-derived cell line cell
An immortal prepuce of penis-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human prepuce of penis-derived cell line cell
An immortal gingival epithelium-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human gingival epithelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal gingiva-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human gingiva-derived cell line cell
An immortal muscle cell line cell that derives from human.
An immortal thymus-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human thymus-derived cell line cell
An immortal mouth-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human mouth-derived cell line cell
An immortal neuron cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal limb/fin-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human limb/fin-derived cell line cell
An immortal leukocyte cell line cell that derives from marmoset.
immortal marmoset leukocyte cell line cell
An immortal peritoneal macrophage cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster peritoneal macrophage cell line cell
An immortal peritoneum-derived cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster peritoneum-derived cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human peripheral vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal brain-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat brain-derived cell line cell
An immortal exocrine cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from Atlantic salmon.
immortal Atlantic salmon kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal round window-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse round window-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from moth.
immortal moth female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from Antheraea.
immortal Antheraea female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal conjunctiva structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human conjunctiva structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal pancreas-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat pancreas-derived cell line cell
An immortal dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal testis-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human testis-derived cell line cell
An immortal intestine-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human intestine-derived cell line cell
An immortal rectum-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human rectum-derived cell line cell
An immortal pulmonary vein-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human pulmonary vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal islet of Langerhans-derived cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster islet of Langerhans-derived cell line cell
An immortal buttock-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human buttock-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal tonsil-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human tonsil-derived cell line cell
An immortal thymus-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse thymus-derived cell line cell
An immortal umbilicus-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human umbilicus-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal larva-derived cell line cell that derives from mosquito.
immortal mosquito larva-derived cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig thoracic aorta-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from African clawed frog.
immortal African clawed frog kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from dog.
An immortal dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal posterior commissure-derived cell line cell that derives from zebra fish.
immortal zebra fish posterior commissure-derived cell line cell
An immortal soft palate-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human soft palate-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from silk moth.
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from hamster.
immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human adrenal gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal pronephros-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse pronephros-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human organism part-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal blood cell line cell that derives from mouse.
An immortal placenta-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human placenta-derived cell line cell
An immortal posterior commissure-derived cell line cell that derives from bluegill sunfish.
immortal bluegill sunfish posterior commissure-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from gastropod.
immortal gastropod embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal ON-bipolar cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse ON-bipolar cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from kusimanse.
immortal kusimanse pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from Oryx.
immortal Oryx pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from Burchell's zebra.
immortal Burchell's zebra kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from plantain squirrel.
immortal plantain squirrel embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from sheep.
immortal sheep fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal brain-derived cell line cell that derives from sheep.
immortal sheep brain-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from Silvery marmoset.
immortal Silvery marmoset kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal monocyte cell line cell that derives from mouse.
An immortal neural nucleus-derived cell line cell that derives from Mus musculus x Rattus norvegicus.
immortal Mus musculus x Rattus norvegicus neural nucleus-derived cell line cell
An immortal sublingual artery-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat sublingual artery-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal round window-derived cell line cell that derives from Mus musculus x Rattus norvegicus.
immortal Mus musculus x Rattus norvegicus round window-derived cell line cell
An immortal thyrotroph cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse thyrotroph cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal aorta-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle aorta-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from Chinese oak silkmoth.
immortal Chinese oak silkmoth cell line cell
An immortal endothelium-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle endothelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell that derives from brown bullhead.
immortal brown bullhead mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal bone marrow-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle bone marrow-derived cell line cell
An immortal macrophage cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse macrophage cell line cell
An immortal ligament-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse ligament-derived cell line cell
An immortal uterus-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human uterus-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal uterus-derived cell line cell that derives from northern raccoon.
immortal northern raccoon uterus-derived cell line cell
An immortal thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that derives from sheep.
immortal sheep thyroid gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal peripheral neuron cell line cell that derives from channel catfish.
immortal channel catfish peripheral neuron cell line cell
An immortal animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from Aotus.
immortal Aotus kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal cerebral lobe-derived cell line cell that derives from crayfish.
immortal crayfish cerebral lobe-derived cell line cell
An immortal B cell line cell that derives from chicken.
immortal chicken B cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from American opossum.
immortal American opossum septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from black-tailed deer.
immortal black-tailed deer kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal liver-derived cell line cell that derives from black-tailed deer.
immortal black-tailed deer liver-derived cell line cell
An immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell that derives from black-tailed deer.
immortal black-tailed deer mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal vasculature-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse vasculature-derived cell line cell
An immortal larva-derived cell line cell that derives from Pacific herring.
immortal Pacific herring larva-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from pig.
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal liver-derived cell line cell that derives from topminnow.
immortal topminnow liver-derived cell line cell
An immortal thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig thyroid gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal prostate gland-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human prostate gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal squamous part of temporal bone-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human squamous part of temporal bone-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from peccary.
immortal peccary kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from northern pike.
immortal northern pike female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal pronephros-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human pronephros-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat adrenal gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal precursor B cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse precursor B cell line cell
An immortal mucosa-derived cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig mucosa-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from Potoroo.
immortal Potoroo kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from swordtail platyfish.
immortal swordtail platyfish embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal epidermis-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human epidermis-derived cell line cell
An immortal submandibular gland-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human submandibular gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived mesothelial cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat lung-derived mesothelial cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived mesothelial cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle lung-derived mesothelial cell line cell
An immortal eye structure-derived epithelial cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit eye structure-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal hip-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human hip-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal parietal cell line cell that derives from mouse.
An immortal prostate epithelium-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human prostate epithelium-derived cell line cell
An immortal retinal neural layer-derived cell line cell that derives from Japanese quail.
immortal Japanese quail retinal neural layer-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Japanese quail.
immortal Japanese quail fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal testis-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat testis-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal ureter-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human ureter-derived cell line cell
An immortal pyramid of medulla oblongata-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat pyramid of medulla oblongata-derived cell line cell
An immortal iliac vein-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human iliac vein-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal common iliac artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human common iliac artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal mammary gland-derived keratinocyte cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human mammary gland-derived keratinocyte cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal umbilical vein-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human umbilical vein-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal scalp-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human scalp-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived cell line cell that derives from chimpanzee.
immortal chimpanzee organism part-derived cell line cell
An immortal skeletal muscle-derived myoblast cell line cell that derives from chimpanzee.
immortal chimpanzee skeletal muscle-derived myoblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from chimpanzee.
immortal chimpanzee organism part-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal sacrum-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human sacrum-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from hamadryas baboon.
immortal hamadryas baboon skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from vervet monkey.
immortal vervet monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from siamang.
immortal siamang peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from king colobus.
immortal king colobus skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from South American squirrel monkey.
immortal South American squirrel monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Francois's langur.
immortal Francois's langur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from agile mangabey.
immortal agile mangabey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from gray-cheeked mangabey.
immortal gray-cheeked mangabey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from cotton-top tamarin.
immortal cotton-top tamarin skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from black-cheeked white-nosed monkey.
immortal black-cheeked white-nosed monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal shoulder-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Midas tamarin.
immortal Midas tamarin shoulder-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal hip-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Midas tamarin.
immortal Midas tamarin hip-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from golden-crowned sifaka.
immortal golden-crowned sifaka thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Midas tamarin.
immortal Midas tamarin arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal placenta-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human placenta-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal dermis-derived cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster dermis-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal cornea-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit cornea-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal mammalian vulva-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human mammalian vulva-derived cell line cell
An immortal spherical lensed eye-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human spherical lensed eye-derived cell line cell
An immortal aorta-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat aorta-derived cell line cell
An immortal skeletal muscle-derived myoblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human skeletal muscle-derived myoblast cell line cell
An immortal ileum-derived cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig ileum-derived cell line cell
An immortal larva-derived cell line cell that derives from gypsy moth.
immortal gypsy moth larva-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from gypsy moth.
immortal gypsy moth female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from African buffalo.
immortal African buffalo pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Mongolian gerbil.
immortal Mongolian gerbil fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from Muntjacs.
immortal Muntjacs zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal cervix-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human cervix-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from brown lemur.
immortal brown lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Wolf's monkey.
immortal Wolf's monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from mandrill.
immortal mandrill skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from Red-cheeked gibbon.
immortal Red-cheeked gibbon peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from red-crowned mangabey.
immortal red-crowned mangabey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Bolivian squirrel monkey.
immortal Bolivian squirrel monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from brown woolly monkey.
immortal brown woolly monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from moustached monkey.
immortal moustached monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Moholi bushbaby.
immortal Moholi bushbaby skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Celebes crested macaque.
immortal Celebes crested macaque thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal rhomboid-derived myoblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human rhomboid-derived myoblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from crowned lemur.
immortal crowned lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from white sifaka.
immortal white sifaka skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from drill.
immortal drill thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from white-faced saki.
immortal white-faced saki skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from aye-aye.
immortal aye-aye skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from bamboo lemur.
immortal bamboo lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Goeldi's monkey.
immortal Goeldi's monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from Bornean orangutan.
immortal Bornean orangutan peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from pileated gibbon.
immortal pileated gibbon peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Bolivian red howler monkey.
immortal Bolivian red howler monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Miopithecus talapoin.
immortal Miopithecus talapoin skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Pere David's macaque.
immortal Pere David's macaque skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from White-cheeked Gibbon.
immortal White-cheeked Gibbon skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from saddlebacked tamarin.
immortal saddlebacked tamarin skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from L'Hoest's monkey.
immortal L'Hoest's monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from proboscis monkey.
immortal proboscis monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pygmy marmoset.
immortal pygmy marmoset skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Spix's night monkey.
immortal Spix's night monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Nancy Ma's night monkey.
immortal Nancy Ma's night monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from slow loris.
immortal slow loris skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Lesser dwarf lemur.
immortal Lesser dwarf lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal abdominal cavity-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human abdominal cavity-derived cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Red-bellied titi.
immortal Red-bellied titi skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal vasculature-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human vasculature-derived cell line cell
An immortal umbilical vein-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human umbilical vein-derived cell line cell
An immortal duodenum-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human duodenum-derived cell line cell
An immortal blood cell line cell that derives from marmoset.
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Coquerel's mouse lemur.
immortal Coquerel's mouse lemur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from lesser white-nosed monkey.
immortal lesser white-nosed monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal ileum-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat ileum-derived cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Yellow baboon.
immortal Yellow baboon skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from Neobatrachia.
immortal Neobatrachia embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from blue monkey.
immortal blue monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Celebes crested macaque.
immortal Celebes crested macaque skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from agile gibbon.
immortal agile gibbon peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Hanuman langur.
immortal Hanuman langur skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Geoffroy's marmoset.
immortal Geoffroy's marmoset skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from coppery titi.
immortal coppery titi skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from slender loris.
immortal slender loris skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from liontail macaque.
immortal liontail macaque skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal connective tissue-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human connective tissue-derived cell line cell
An immortal bone marrow-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell
An immortal parotid gland-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human parotid gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from true toad.
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal follicular fluid-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat follicular fluid-derived cell line cell
An immortal eye-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human eye-derived cell line cell
An immortal ischium-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human ischium-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from zebra fish.
immortal zebra fish embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal parenchymal cell line cell that derives from zebra fish.
immortal zebra fish parenchymal cell line cell
An immortal buttock-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human buttock-derived cell line cell
An immortal anatomical cluster-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human anatomical cluster-derived cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human thigh-derived cell line cell
An immortal heart-derived cell line cell that derives from Iguana.
immortal Iguana heart-derived cell line cell
An immortal chordate pharynx-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human chordate pharynx-derived cell line cell
An immortal retina-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human retina-derived cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from chimpanzee.
immortal chimpanzee zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from walleye.
immortal walleye fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal neural nucleus-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse neural nucleus-derived cell line cell
An immortal yolk sac-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse yolk sac-derived cell line cell
An immortal nasal concha-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle nasal concha-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from tick.
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from silk moth.
immortal silk moth female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal arm-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human arm-derived cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from Kenya baboon.
immortal Kenya baboon peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal sacrum-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human sacrum-derived cell line cell
An immortal conjunctiva-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human conjunctiva-derived cell line cell
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal submandibular gland-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse submandibular gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal single nucleate cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human single nucleate cell line cell
An immortal trachea-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human trachea-derived cell line cell
An immortal tongue-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human tongue-derived cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal trachea-derived cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog trachea-derived cell line cell
An immortal thymus-derived cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog thymus-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from bat.
immortal bat pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from free-tailed bat.
immortal free-tailed bat pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that derives from Bufo.
immortal Bufo urinary bladder-derived cell line cell
An immortal dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell that derives from white-tufted-ear marmoset.
immortal white-tufted-ear marmoset dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from anteater.
immortal anteater zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal aorta-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human aorta-derived cell line cell
An immortal lymphoid follicle-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human lymphoid follicle-derived cell line cell
An immortal bone element-derived cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog bone element-derived cell line cell
An immortal respiration organ-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse respiration organ-derived cell line cell
An immortal fusion competent myoblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human fusion competent myoblast cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from channel catfish.
immortal channel catfish female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal muscle spindle-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse muscle spindle-derived cell line cell
An immortal testis-derived cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig testis-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from sockeye salmon.
immortal sockeye salmon embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal renal glomerulus-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse renal glomerulus-derived cell line cell
An immortal liver-derived cell line cell that derives from rainbow trout.
immortal rainbow trout liver-derived cell line cell
An immortal nephron tubule-derived cell line cell that derives from Bolivian squirrel monkey.
immortal Bolivian squirrel monkey nephron tubule-derived cell line cell
An immortal larva-derived cell line cell that derives from silk moth.
immortal silk moth larva-derived cell line cell
An immortal sternum-derived cell line cell that derives from geese.
immortal geese sternum-derived cell line cell
An immortal neuron cell line cell that derives from mouse.
An immortal esophagus-derived cell line cell that derives from goat.
immortal goat esophagus-derived cell line cell
An immortal hypodermis-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human hypodermis-derived cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from goat.
immortal goat zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from Chinook salmon.
immortal Chinook salmon embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from Salmonidae.
immortal Salmonidae embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal neuroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human neuroblast cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal leukocyte cell line cell that derives from carp.
immortal mouse B cell line cell
An immortal heart-derived cell line cell that derives from chum salmon.
immortal chum salmon heart-derived cell line cell
An immortal bone element-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat bone element-derived cell line cell
An immortal monocyte cell line cell that derives from human.
An immortal thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal proximal tubule-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit proximal tubule-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from African green monkey polyomavirus.
immortal African green monkey polyomavirus kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal aorta-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit aorta-derived cell line cell
An immortal dermis-derived cell line cell that derives from hagfish.
immortal hagfish dermis-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from white bass.
immortal white bass embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal colon-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat colon-derived cell line cell
An immortal liver-derived cell line cell that derives from woodchuck.
immortal woodchuck liver-derived cell line cell
An immortal mucosa of vagina-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human mucosa of vagina-derived cell line cell
An immortal heart-derived cell line cell that derives from Russell's viper.
immortal Russell's viper heart-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from Russell's viper.
immortal Russell's viper septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal fusion competent myoblast cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat fusion competent myoblast cell line cell
An immortal heart-derived cell line cell that derives from Terrapene.
immortal Terrapene heart-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from cabbage looper.
An immortal larva-derived cell line cell that derives from cabbage looper.
immortal cabbage looper larva-derived cell line cell
An immortal multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell that derives from mosquito.
immortal mosquito multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell
An immortal dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from rainbow trout.
immortal rainbow trout kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal prostate gland-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse prostate gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from deer.
immortal deer pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from horse.
immortal horse septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal dermis-derived cell line cell that derives from horse.
immortal horse dermis-derived cell line cell
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from dog.
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from camel.
immortal camel zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from duck.
immortal duck embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from dog.
An immortal hematopoietic cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse hematopoietic cell line cell
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal blood cell line cell that derives from Gorilla.
An immortal trachea-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle trachea-derived cell line cell
An immortal blood cell line cell that derives from chimpanzee.
immortal chimpanzee blood cell line cell
An immortal blood cell line cell that derives from Sumatran orangutan.
immortal Sumatran orangutan blood cell line cell
An immortal larva-derived cell line cell that derives from Acrea moth.
immortal Acrea moth larva-derived cell line cell
An immortal endocervix-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human endocervix-derived cell line cell
An immortal adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle adrenal gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from Dzhungarian hamster.
immortal Dzhungarian hamster cell line cell
An immortal testis-derived cell line cell that derives from dolphin.
immortal dolphin testis-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from vervet monkey.
immortal vervet monkey pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from Drosophila hydei.
immortal Drosophila hydei embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal macrophage cell line cell that derives from dog.
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from Bolivian squirrel monkey.
immortal Bolivian squirrel monkey fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal trachea-derived cell line cell that derives from nine-banded armadillo.
immortal nine-banded armadillo trachea-derived cell line cell
An immortal arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Ring-tailed lemur.
immortal Ring-tailed lemur arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived mesothelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human organism part-derived mesothelial cell line cell
An immortal arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Celebes crested macaque.
immortal Celebes crested macaque arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from fruit fly.
immortal fruit fly embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from dog.
immortal dog septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from long-tailed macaque.
immortal long-tailed macaque cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from gold fish.
immortal gold fish cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from turnip moth.
An immortal zone of skin-derived cell line cell that derives from Cottontail rabbit.
immortal Cottontail rabbit zone of skin-derived cell line cell
An immortal colon-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse colon-derived cell line cell
An immortal fibroblast cell line cell that derives from coho salmon.
immortal coho salmon fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal shoulder-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human shoulder-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster thoracic aorta-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster abdominal cavity-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from cat.
immortal cat organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
disease: primary superficial spreading melanoma in vertical growth phase; from lung metastases in mice
disease: immortalized with SV40 large T antigen
disease: liver/pre-B lymphoblast hybridoma
disease: hereditary adenomatosis (Gardner's variant)
disease: somatic cell hybrid; Burkitt's lymphoma
disease: immortalized with SV40 early region
24IA subscript(2) E subscript(2) E subscript(10) D subscript(5)
24IA subscript(2) E subscript(2) E subscript(10) D subscript(5) cell
disease: transformed with adenovirus 5 DNA
disease: amphotropic retroviral packaging line
3A-sub E [post crisis of 3A(tPA-30-1)] cell
disease: methylnitrosourea-induced lymphoma
7C subscript(2) C subscript(5) C subscript(12)
7C subscript(2) C subscript(5) C subscript(12) cell
disease: osteoblast; inducible adipocyte differentiation model
disease: malignant melanoma (skin primary)
disease: lymphoma; AMLV transformed lymphoblast
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type II
disease: hybridoma fusion partner,T cell
anti-130-kDa Mesothelial-Ciliated Cells cell
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, presumed heterozygote
disease: adenocarcinoma (pancreas primary)
disease: adenocarcinoma (mammary gland primary)
disease: nitrosoethylurea-induced neuroblastoma
disease: osteogenesis imperfecta (congenita)
Possible typographic error in 'Organism' field (value 'Antheraea perny') to be considered as 'Antheraea pernyi' (NCBI_Taxon: 7119) [SS]
disease: lymphoma; EBV and KSHV positive
disease: methylnitrosourea-induced smooth muscle-like tumor
disease: xeroderma pigmentosum, presumed heterozygote
disease: endothelioma; polyoma middle T antigen transformed
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type I (autosomal dominant type)
Possible typographic error in 'Organism' field (value 'insect - Estigmene agrea') to be considered as 'Estigmene agreai' (NCBI_Taxon: 56594) [SS]
disease: endothelial cell differentiation model; stem cell feeder layer
disease: cystic fibrosis; immortalized with Ad12-SV40 hybrid
disease: gliosarcoma; expresses beta-galactosidase
disease: adenocarcinoma; HPV-18 transfected
disease: clear cell carcinoma (kidney primary)
disease: epidermoid carcinoma (lung primary)
disease: unknown, probably lung anaplastic carcinoma
disease: carcinoma, epidermoid, from metastatic site
disease: keratinocyte; HPV-16 E6/E7 transformed
disease: connective tissue; osteosarcoma
disease: ductal adenocarcinoma; cystic fibrosis
disease: bronchogenic carcinoma (bronchus primary)
disease: expresses IgG1 (kappa) against IL-8
disease: galactosemia; galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase deficient
disease: promyeloblast; acute promyelocytic leukemia
Clone 1-5c-4 WKD of Chang Conjunctiva cell
disease: colorectal adenocarcinoma (colon primary)
disease: T lymphocyte; transformed with REV-T; produces G-CSF
disease: T lymphocyte; transformed with REV-T: produces G-CSF
disease: produces a retrovirus containing the beta-galactosidase gene
disease: carcinoma; model for testing immunotherapy protocols in vivo
disease: expresses CTLA4Ig fusion protein
Possible typographic error in 'Organism' field (value 'Agrothis segetum') to be considered as 'Agrotis segetum' (NCBI_Taxon: 47767) [SS]
disease: acute T cell leukemia; CD4 negative
disease: medulloblastoma (cerebellum primary)
disease: osteogenesis imperfecta (tarda)
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, variant type
disease: desmoplastic cerebellar medulloblastoma
disease: carcinoma, bronchogenic large cell
Possible typographic error in 'Organism' field (value 'Drosophila, hydnei') to be considered as 'Drosophila hydnei' (NCBI_Taxon: 7224) [SS]
disease: carcinoma; small cell lung cancer
disease: carcinoma; small cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: lymphangiectasia (B lymphocyte primary); IL-6 dependent
disease: production of mouse c-myc protein
Possible typographic error in 'Organism' field (value 'insect - Estigmene agrea (saltmarsh catepillar)') to be considered as 'Estigmene agreai' (NCBI_Taxon: 56594) [SS]
Possible mapping of 'Organism' field (value 'orangutang') via synonym of 'Pongo pygmaeus' (NCBI_Taxon: 9600) [SS]
disease: Burkitts lymphoma (B lymphocyte primary)
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type VII (arthrochalasia type)
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, possible heterozygote
disease: defective in single strand break repair
disease: lymphohematopoietic progenitor cell line\
disease: microvascular endothelial cell model
disease: microvascular endothelial cell model; expresses GFP
disease: embryonic carcinoma; testicular teratoma
disease: undifferentiated malignant glioma
disease: positive for FAK but null for p53, integrin signalling pathway
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type II (hemorrhagic type)
disease: SV40 large T antigen transfected
disease: fibrous histiocytoma (primary unknown)
disease: monoblast; myelomonoblastic leukemia
disease: generates E1-deleted adenovirus vectors
disease: glomangioma; immortalized with hTERT
disease: ecotropic retroviral packaging line
disease: carcinoma; small cell lung cancer; multidrug resistant
disease: ductal carcinoma (mammary gland primary)
disease: primary acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma
disease: ileocecal colorectal adenocarcinoma
disease: HeLa cells transfected with plasmid pSV2neoNR101
disease: hepatocellular carcinoma; transfected with a CYP7 minigene/luciferase construct
disease: produces human gamma interferon
disease: transfected; polytropic retroviral packaging cell line
disease: amelonotic melanoma (skin primary)
disease: dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
disease: fibrosarcoma mixed (connective tissue primary)
disease: intestinal carcinoma (unknown primary)
disease: amelanotic melanoma (skin primary)
disease: adenocarcinoma (unknown primary)
disease: adenocar- cinoma (colon primary)
disease: adenocarcinoma (intestines or pancreas primary)
disease: gastric carcinoma (stomach primary
disease: malignant acanthocytosis; keratoacanthoma
disease: fibrosarcoma (connective tissue primary)
disease: fibrosarcoma (unknown primary)
disease: fibrosarcoma (unknown (unknown primary)
disease: stroma; HPV-16 E6/E7 transformed
disease: aspartoacylase deficiency; possible Canavan disease
disease: diffuse mixed lymphoma; B lymphoblast
disease: pigmented epithelium; immortalized with hTERT
disease: transfected; xenotropic retroviral packaging cell line
disease: FADD mutant; Fas-mediated apoptosis model
disease: caspase-8 mutant; Fas-mediated apoptosis model
disease: antibody reactive with cell surface membranes of cancer cells
Possible mapping of 'Organism' field (value 'moth, cabbage') via synonym of 'Plutella xylostella' (NCBI_Taxon: 51655) [SS]
disease: PLC-gamma1 negative; model for T-cell receptor signaling
disease: transfected with PLC-gamma1 expression vector; control for J.?1 cells
disease: acute T cell leukemia; CD45 deficient
disease: B cell lymphoma (metastatic site: peritoneal cavity)
disease: chronic myelo- genous leukemia (bone marrow primary)
disease: acute myeloid leukemia, subtype M2
disease: gastric carcinoma (stomach primary)
Possible mapping of 'Organism' field (value 'bear, black') via synonym of 'Ursus americanus' (NCBI_Taxon: 9643) [SS]
disease: myeloblast; acute lymphoblastic leukemia
disease: promyeloblast; acute lympho- blastic leukemia
disease: overproduces P element transposase
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type VI (hemorrhagic type)
disease: lacks GlcNAc glycosyl transferase function
disease: reduced transport of CMP-sialic acid into Golgi compartment
disease: reduced transport of UDP-galactose into Golgi compartment
disease: glioblastoma; apoptosis studies; p53+, p16, p14ARF
disease: glioblastoma; p53 expression under tetracycline-induced promoter
disease: T lymphocyte; acute lympho- blastic leukemia; t(16;20) translocation
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type IV
disease: leukemia, acute megakaryoblastic
disease: expresses rat m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
disease: expresses rat m3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
disease: carcinoma (mammary gland primary)
disease: SV40 large T antigen transfected; control for MmB19tsA. clone 2B2
disease: SV40 large T antigen transfected; Cre-lox recombination model
Possible mapping of 'Organism' field (value 'quail') via synonym of 'Odontophoridae' (NCBI_Taxon: 224313) [SS]
disease: undifferentiated lymphoma lymphoblast
disease: transfection host; exogenous gene expression
disease: neuroepithelioma (brain primary)
disease: adenocarcinoma (prostate primary)
disease: luciferase resposive; androgen agonist/antagonist
disease: epidermoid carcinoma (cervix primary)
disease: megakaryoblast; chronic myelogenous leukemia
disease: leukemia, acute lymphoblastic pre-B cell
disease: virus-induced myeloid leukemia
disease: acute lympho- blastic leukemia
disease: neutrophil progenitor cell line
disease: mesothelioma, biphasic (lung primary)
disease: biphenotypic B myelo- monocytic leukemia
disease: carcinoma; classic small cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: large cell neuro- endocrine carcinoma (lung primary)
disease: adenocarcinoma (lung primary)
disease: squamous cell neuro- endocrine carcinoma (lung primary)
disease: papillary adenocar- cinoma (lung primary)
disease: carcinoma; classic small cell lung cancer
disease: adenocarcinoma; non-small cell lung cancer
disease: adenocarcinoma; non-small cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: large cell adenocarcinoma; non-small cell lung cancer
disease: adenocarcinoma; bronchoalveolar carcinoma (lung primary)
disease: squamous cell adenocarcinoma; non-small cell lung cancer
disease: neuroendocrine carc- cinoma; non-small cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: squamous cell carcinoma (lung primary)
disease: large cell carcinoma; poorly differentiated (lung primary)
disease: carcinoma; variant small cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: mesothelioma (pleura primary)
disease: small cell lung cancer; adenocar- cinoma; squamous cell carcinoma
disease: non-small cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: carcinoma; non-small cell lung cancer
disease: squamous cell carcinoma; mesothelioma (lung primary)
disease: small cell lung cancer; adeno- carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma
disease: mucoepidermoid pulmonary carcinoma
disease: cortex adrenocortical carcinoma
disease: alveolus); bronchioalveolar carcinoma; non-small cell lung cancer
disease: papillary adeno- carcinoma (lung primary)
disease: large cell carci- noma (lung primary)
disease: carcinoma; small cell lung cancer (unknown primary)
disease: mixed adeno- squamous and carcinoma (lung primary)
disease: bronchioalveolar carci- noma; non-small cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (prostate primary)
disease: carcinoma; large cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: large cell; neuroendocrine; carcinoma; non-small cell lung cancer
disease: papillary adenocarci- noma (lung primary)
disease: adenocarcinoma; non- small cell lung cancer (lung primary)
disease: neuroblastoma x root ganglion neuron hybrid
disease: glial cell; neuron; glioblastoma; neuro- blastoma (hybrid)
disease: leukemia, acute lymphoblastic T cell
disease: adenocarcinoma (ovary primary)
disease: adenoma; carboxypeptidase E defective
disease: IL-2 dependent, cytotoxic to a wide range of malignant cells
disease: IL-2 independent, cytotoxic to a wide range of malignant cells
disease: immortalized with SV40 large T plasmid, p129
disease: carcinoma, embryonal pluripotent
disease: malignant; pluripotent embryonal carcinoma (testis primary)
disease: cystoadenocarcinoma, low differentiated, papillary serous; G2/3 FIGO stage III c
disease: cystoadenocarcinoma, high grade papillary serous; G3 FIGO stage III c
disease: adenocarcinoma, low differentiated; G3 FIGO stage IV (pleural metastasis)
disease: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type III
disease: malignant papillary serous adenocarcinoma (ovary primary)
disease: ZAP-70 negative; model for T cell receptor signaling
disease: transfected with ZAP-70 expression vector; control for P116 cells
disease: teratocarcinoma; embryonic carcinoma
disease: Burkitts lymphoma; B lymphoblast
disease: teratocarcinoma (ovary primary)
PA317 cell line containing JR-gal cell
disease: produces a retrovirus containing the human cyclin E-L gene
disease: produces a retrovirus containing the human cyclin E-S gene
disease: produces amphotropic control retrovirus; G418 resistant
disease: adenocarcinoma; same patient as PL45
disease: diffuse large cell non-Hodgkins lymphoma (B lymphocyte primary)
disease: embryonic carcinoma; HAT resistant
disease: malignant primitive neuroectodermal tumor
disease: produces an infectious retrovirus with a neomycin resistance gene
disease: galactosyltransferase I deficient
disease: heparin sulfate N-sulfotransferase deficient
Possible typographic error in 'Organism' field (value 'racoon') to be considered as 'raccoon'. Possible mapping of 'raccoon' via synonym of 'Procyon lotor' (NCBI_Taxon: 9654) [SS]
disease: ductal adenocarcinoma; same patient as Panc 10.05 cells
disease: xenotropic retroviral packaging line
disease: immortalized with Ad12-SV40 hybrid virus
disease: chemically induced fibrosarcoma
disease: produces a retrovirus containing the vHa-ras oncogene
disease: acute lymphocytic leukemia (non-T, non-B)
disease: brain, undifferentiated malignant glioma
disease: insulinoma; produces somatostatin and L-dopa-decarboxylase but not insulin
disease: insulinoma; produces insulin and L-dopa-decarboxylase but not somatostatin
disease: insulinoma; produces insulin and somatostatin
disease: carcinoma; control for RKO-E6 and RKO-AS45-1 cells
disease: carcinoma; apoptosis model; overexpression of GADD45
disease: carcinoma; apoptosis model; negligible p53 expression
disease: non-Hodgkins lymphoma; B lymphoblast
disease: 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene- induced tumor
disease: xeroderma pigmentosum; presumed heterozygote
disease: squamous cell carcinoma (nasal septum primary)
disease: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; t(4;11) translocation
disease: transfected with HPV-18 and Ki-MSV
disease: dibenzanthracene-induced malignant fibrosarcoma
disease: dibenzanthracene-induced fibrosarcoma
disease: pseudoachondroplasia (autosomal dominant)
disease: carcinoma; small cell lung cancer; large cell variant
disease: neuroblastoma (brain primary)
SIRC (Statens Se- ruminstitut Rabbit Cornea)
SIRC (Statens Se- ruminstitut Rabbit Cornea) cell
disease: rhabdomyosarcoma (muscle primary)
disease: osteosarcoma; multipotential sarcoma
disease: adenocarcinoma (colon primary)
disease: sarcoma (anaplastic osteosarcoma or Ewings sarcoma)
disease: adenocarcinoma (liver primary)
disease: embryonal neuro- blastoma (brain/neuroblast primary)
disease: retroperitoneal; malignant; primitive neuroectodermal tumor
disease: mesodermal tumor (mixed); consistent with leiomyosarcoma
disease: Steel factor deficient; SV40 large T immortalized
disease: pleomorphic hepatocellular carcinoma
disease: adenocarcinoma colon primary)
disease: transformed with adenovirus 5 DNA; packaging cell line
disease: large cell immuno- blastic lymphoma (unknown primary)
disease: immortalized with SV40 large T antigen; deficient for Yes and Fyn
disease: ductal carcinoma (pancreas primary)
disease: angiomyolipoma; immortalized with SV40 large T antigen and human telomerase
disease: immortalized with SV40 large T antigen; deficient for Src,Yes, and Fyn
disease: colorectal carcinoma (colon primary)
Possible mapping of 'Organism' field (value 'toad, tropical') via synonym of 'Bufo' (NCBI_Taxon: 8383) [SS]
disease: HPV-16 E6/E7 and c-Ha-ras cotransformed
disease: model for cytokine (IL-3) signaling pathways and myeloid progenitor cell differentiation
disease: erythroblast; erythroleukemia; CTNF responsive
disease: immortalized with SV40 T antigen
disease: lymphoma; Hodgkins disease (lymph node primary)
disease: diffuse large cell lymphoma, non-Hodgkins
disease: primary malignant adenocarcinoma; endometrioid carcinoma
disease: primary malignant adenocarcinoma; clear cell carcinoma
disease: cutaneous; heterozygous for tuberin; tuberous sclerosis model
disease: osteogenesis imperfecta (severe congenita)
disease: histiocytic lymphoma; neomycin resistant
disease: defective in nucleotide excision repair
disease: carcinoma, epithelioid (bone primary)
disease: papilloma virus-induced carcinoma
disease: stroma; assay system for hBMP-2
Possible mapping of 'Organism' field (value 'woodchuck, Eastern') via synonym of 'Marmota monax' (NCBI_Taxon: 9995) [SS]
disease: methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma
disease: MoMuLV retroviral packaging line
disease: primary superficial spreading melanoma in radial growth phase/vertical growth phase
disease: nodular melanoma in vertical growth phase
disease: primary melanoma in vertical growth phase
disease: primary superficial spreading melanoma in vertical growth phase
disease: adenovirus 12-SV40 hybrid transformed
disease: Rous sarcoma virus-induced tumor
Possible mapping of 'Organism' field (value 'toad, South African') via synonym of 'Bufonidae' (NCBI_Taxon: 8382) [SS]
disease: immortalized with adenovirus12-SV40 virus hybrid
disease: ductal carcinoma (mammary gland epithelium primary)
disease: produces a retrovirus containing the adenovirus 12S E1A gene
disease: produces a retrovirus containing the adenovirus 13S E1A gene
disease: produces a retrovirus containing human alkaline phosphatase gene
An immortal pulmonary nerve plexus-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle pulmonary nerve plexus-derived cell line cell
An immortal pelvic fin-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human pelvic fin-derived cell line cell
An immortal round window-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human round window-derived cell line cell
An immortal bipolar neuron cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human bipolar neuron cell line cell
An immortal right ureter-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human right ureter-derived cell line cell
An immortal larva-derived cell line cell that derives from forest day mosquito.
immortal forest day mosquito larva-derived cell line cell
An immortal rectum-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse rectum-derived cell line cell
An immortal endometrium-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat endometrium-derived cell line cell
An immortal multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell that derives from chicken.
immortal chicken multi-cellular organism-derived cell line cell
An immortal peripheral neuron cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat peripheral neuron cell line cell
An immortal superior rostral sulcus-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat superior rostral sulcus-derived cell line cell
An immortal muscle cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal skeletal muscle cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat skeletal muscle cell line cell
An immortal myoblast cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal thymus-derived cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle thymus-derived cell line cell
An immortal connective tissue-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat connective tissue-derived cell line cell
An immortal follicular fluid-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse follicular fluid-derived cell line cell
An immortal late embryo-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat late embryo-derived cell line cell
An immortal mammary gland-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat mammary gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal fetal membrane-derived cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit fetal membrane-derived cell line cell
An immortal aorta-derived cell line cell that derives from Ovis.
immortal Ovis aorta-derived cell line cell
An immortal peripheral neuron cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig peripheral neuron cell line cell
An immortal blood cell line cell that derives from pig.
An immortal dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell that derives from rainbow trout.
immortal rainbow trout dento-alveolar joint-derived cell line cell
An immortal gill-derived cell line cell that derives from rainbow trout.
immortal rainbow trout gill-derived cell line cell
An immortal gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from rainbow trout.
immortal rainbow trout gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from rainbow trout.
immortal rainbow trout female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal cornea structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human cornea structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal glial cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal prepuce of penis-derived cell line cell that derives from rhesus macaque.
immortal rhesus macaque prepuce of penis-derived cell line cell
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from rat.
An immortal liver-derived cell line cell that derives from chicken.
immortal chicken liver-derived cell line cell
An immortal epithelial cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster epithelial cell line cell
An immortal mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell that derives from Cottontail rabbit.
immortal Cottontail rabbit mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from fall armyworm.
An immortal female gonad-derived cell line cell that derives from fall armyworm.
immortal fall armyworm female gonad-derived cell line cell
An immortal glomerular capsule-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat glomerular capsule-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from guinea pig.
immortal guinea pig pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell that derives from sheep.
immortal sheep septum of telencephalon-derived cell line cell
An immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that derives from Dasyuridae.
immortal Dasyuridae kidney-derived cell line cell
An immortal nasal vestibule-derived cell line cell that derives from rat.
immortal rat nasal vestibule-derived cell line cell
An immortal epidermal cell line cell that derives from hagfish.
immortal hagfish epidermal cell line cell
An immortal endothelial cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse endothelial cell line cell
An immortal spherical lensed eye-derived cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse spherical lensed eye-derived cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from European rabbit, rabbit.
immortal European rabbit, rabbit cell line cell
An immortal adrenal cortex-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human adrenal cortex-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from Canis.
immortal Canis pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from American black bear.
immortal American black bear pair of lungs-derived cell line cell
An immortal myeloblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human myeloblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from white-handed gibbon.
immortal white-handed gibbon skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Chinese hamster.
immortal Chinese hamster lung-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal 16914-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human 16914-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Syrian golden hamster.
immortal Syrian golden hamster organism part-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from Geoffroy's marmoset.
immortal Geoffroy's marmoset peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from White-cheeked Gibbon.
immortal White-cheeked Gibbon peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from northern lesser bushbaby.
immortal northern lesser bushbaby thorax-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Azara's night monkey.
immortal Azara's night monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from De Brazza's monkey.
immortal De Brazza's monkey skin-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell that derives from vervet monkey.
immortal vervet monkey peripheral vein-derived B cell line cell
An immortal organism part-derived epithelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human organism part-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal axilla-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human axilla-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from patas monkey.
immortal patas monkey arm-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal pulmonary artery-derived endothelial cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle pulmonary artery-derived endothelial cell line cell
An immortal pulmonary artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle pulmonary artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal retina structure-derived epithelial cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human retina structure-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from Red-bellied titi.
immortal Red-bellied titi thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from patas monkey.
immortal patas monkey thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal calf-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human calf-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from brown woolly monkey.
immortal brown woolly monkey thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from red-chested mustached tamarin.
immortal red-chested mustached tamarin thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from South American squirrel monkey.
immortal South American squirrel monkey thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from saddlebacked tamarin.
immortal saddlebacked tamarin thigh-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal nose structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human nose structure-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal carotid artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell that derives from cattle.
immortal cattle carotid artery-derived smooth muscle cell line cell
An immortal brain-derived fibroblast cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human brain-derived fibroblast cell line cell
An immortal eye structure-derived epithelial cell line cell that derives from pig.
immortal pig eye structure-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal eye structure-derived epithelial cell line cell that derives from mouse.
immortal mouse eye structure-derived epithelial cell line cell
An immortal mammary gland-derived cell line cell that derives from human.
immortal human mammary gland-derived cell line cell
An immortal pair of lungs-derived cell line cell that derives from Mustelinae (i.e. mink).
immortal mink cell line cell
An immortal cell line cell that derives from Oryzias latipes (i.e., medaka).
immortal medaka cell line cell
a biological process that presents the survival of a microbe inside a cell line cell.
microbial survival inside cell line cell
a microbial survival inside cell line cell where the microbe is a bacterium
bacterial survival inside cell line cell
a biological process that specifies the interaction between cell line cell and a pathogen
cell line cell-pathogen interaction
a biological process that specifies the interaction between cell line cell and a vaccine
cell line cell-vaccine interaction
an gene expression that occurs in a cell line cell.
cell line cell gene expression
A cell line that is expected to be capable of indefinite propagation in an vitro culture.
OBI-CLO Alignment Working Group (Spring 2013)
immortal cell line
A cell line is able to support only a limited number of passages in vitro.
A mortal cell line is not capable of supporting indefinite propagation in vitro, being limited by entry of its cells into senescence.
mortal cell line
METHYL-CPG-BINDING PROTEIN 2; MECP2 RETT SYNDROME; RTT
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC
HOLOPROSENCEPHALY TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
RETT SYNDROME; RTT METHYL-CPG-BINDING PROTEIN 2; MECP2
MATURITY-ONSET DIABETES OF THE YOUNG, TYPE I; MODY1
3-@HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARYL-COENZYME A LYASE DEFICIENCY
HEPATOCYTE NUCLEAR FACTOR 4-ALPHA; HNF4A MATURITY-ONSET DIABETES OF THE YOUNG, TYPE I; MODY1
MATURITY-ONSET DIABETES OF THE YOUNG, TYPE I; MODY1 HEPATOCYTE NUCLEAR FACTOR 4-ALPHA; HNF4A
HLA HISTOCOMPATIBILITY TYPE: 142800 THROUGH 142860 & 142880
RENAL HAMARTOMAS, NEPHROBLASTOMATOSIS, AND FETAL GIGANTISM
NIJMEGEN BREAKAGE SYNDROME NIJMEGEN BREAKAGE SYNDROME GENE; NBS1
SPHEROCYTOSIS, HEREDITARY; HS CHROMOSOME DELETION
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 9 ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY
FANCONI ANEMIA COMPLEMENTATION GROUP UNDETERMINED
ADDITIONAL HUMAN/MOUSE SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER - 125480 OR 309200
CIRRHOSIS, FAMILIAL CIRRHOSIS, FAMILIAL, WITH PULMONARY HYPERTENSION, INCLUDED
BIOTINIDASE; BTD MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY, LATE-ONSET, INCLUDED
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP D; XPD EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 2; ERCC2
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER; OLD ORDER AMISH - 125480 OR 309200
CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER - 125480 OR 309200
CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR
ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, MEDIUM-CHAIN, DEFICIENCY OF ACYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE, MEDIUM-CHAIN; ACADM
ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, LONG-CHAIN, DEFICIENCY OF
ACYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE, MEDIUM-CHAIN; ACADM ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, MEDIUM-CHAIN, DEFICIENCY OF
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF
ESTERASE D; ESD S-FORMYLGLUTATHIONE HYDROLASE, INCLUDED; FGH, INCLUDED CHROMOSOME DELETION
FRAGILE SITE MENTAL RETARDATION 1; FMR1 MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS FRAGILE SITE MENTAL RETARDATION 1; FMR1
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF
ACHONDROGENESIS; TYPE 1 - 200600; TYPE 2 - 200610; OR GREBE TYPE - 200700
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
ADENOSINE DEAMINASE DEFICIENCY WITH NO IMMUNODEFICIENCY CHROMOSOME DELETION
VELOCARDIOFACIAL SYNDROME CHROMOSOME DELETION
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER - 125480 OR 309200 APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
DYSTROPHIN; DMD MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE (XK-RELATED; CGD) - 306400 OR 314850 CHROMOSOME DELETION
GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA GAUCHER DISEASE, TYPE I
HYPOPHOSPHATASIA; PHOSPHOETHANOLAMINURIA - 241500 OR 241510
IMMUNODEFICIENCY-CENTROMERIC INSTABILITY-FACIAL ANOMALIES SYNDROME
BURKITT LYMPHOMA; BL TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA, TYPE II; MEN2
FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 3; FGFR3 THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA; TD
ADENOSINE DEAMINASE DEFICIENCY WITH NO IMMUNODEFICIENCY
CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS, NEURONAL 3, JUVENILE; CLN3
ADRENAL HYPOPLASIA WITH ADDITIONAL CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS
RETINOBLASTOMA; RB1 OSTEOSARCOMA, RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED, INCLUDED
WILMS TUMOR 1; WT1 APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT- 166200,166210,166220, OR 166230
GAUCHER DISEASE, TYPE II GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA
PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS FACTOR 26; PEX26 REFSUM DISEASE, INFANTILE FORM
DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 3B; DNMT3B APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE IMMUNODEFICIENCY-CENTROMERIC INSTABILITY-FACIAL ANOMALIES SYNDROME
IMMUNODEFICIENCY-CENTROMERIC INSTABILITY-FACIAL ANOMALIES SYNDROME APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
IMMUNODEFICIENCY-CENTROMERIC INSTABILITY-FACIAL ANOMALIES SYNDROME DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 3B; DNMT3B
GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA GAUCHER DISEASE, TYPE II
ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA MUTATED GENE; ATM ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; AT
5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR HEMOPHILIA B; HEMB
NEUROPATHY, CONGENITAL SENSORY, WITH ANHIDROSIS
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP F; XPF
RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 3; RECQL3 BLOOM SYNDROME; BLM
ISOCHROMOSOME ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC
ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; AT ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA MUTATED GENE; ATM
CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2) CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF
CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME DELETION PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME; PWS
PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME; PWS CHROMOSOME DELETION
CHROMOSOME 6 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE X CHROMOSOME SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
MILLER-DIEKER LISSENCEPHALY SYNDROME; MDLS CHROMOSOME DELETION
CRIGLER-NAJJAR SYNDROME UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1
ORNITHINE TRANSCARBAMYLASE DEFICIENCY, HYPERAMMONEMIA DUE TO; OTC
EPILEPSY, PROGRESSIVE MYOCLONIC 2; EPM2A
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA 1; RP1 RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA 1 GENE; RP1
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA 1 GENE; RP1 RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA 1; RP1
NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3
INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3
THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA; TD FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 3; FGFR3
ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE
APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD
NDPT081 ISCHEMIC STROKE DNA PANEL ISCHEMIC STROKE
PARKINSON'S DISEASE LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S DNA PANEL, AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL
YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS PARKINSON'S DISEASE ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA: DYSTROPHIC, JUNCTIONAL, OR SIMPLEX TYPES
PARKINSON'S DISEASE YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S DISEASE; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
ISCHEMIC STROKE NDPT081 ISCHEMIC STROKE DNA PANEL
PELIZAEUS-MERZBACHER DISEASE; PMD APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
PROTEOLIPID PROTEIN 1; PLP1 PELIZAEUS-MERZBACHER DISEASE; PMD
MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED NONSPECIFIC, TYPE 1; MRX1
GIANT CELL HEPATITIS, NEONATAL IDIOPATHIC NEONATAL HEMOCHROMATOSIS, INCLUDED
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, TYPE I; NF1
USH1C GENE; USH1C USHER SYNDROME, TYPE IC; USH1C
USHER SYNDROME, TYPE IC; USH1C USH1C GENE; USH1C
RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 4; RECQL4 ROTHMUND-THOMSON SYNDROME; RTS
ROTHMUND-THOMSON SYNDROME; RTS RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 4; RECQL4
WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED LAMIN A/C; LMNA
TRISOMY 21 NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - DOWN SYNDROME
TRISOMY 21 ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - DOWN SYNDROME TRISOMY 21
RHIZOMELIC CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, TYPE 1; RCDP1
CLN2 GENE; CLN2 CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS, NEURONAL 2, LATE INFANTILE TYPE; CLN2
INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA HEXOSAMINIDASE A; HEXA NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC XYY SYNDROME
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: GENETICS UNCERTAIN; LETHAL
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: GENETICS UNCERTAIN; LETHAL INVERTED CHROMOSOME
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE MENKES SYNDROME
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE VON HIPPEL-LINDAU SYNDROME; VHL
CARBOXYPEPTIDASE N, POLYPEPTIDE 1, 50-KD; CPN1 CARBOXYPEPTIDASE N DEFICIENCY
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM: COMPLEMENTATION GROUP UNDETERMINED
CHROMOSOME 6 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICANS NORTH OF THE SAHARA
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - PACIFIC SNP500 PANEL
CHROMOSOME 6 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 6 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 7 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; ZS PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS FACTOR 26; PEX26
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, TYPE IV; OI4 COLLAGEN, TYPE I, ALPHA-2; COL1A2
REFSUM DISEASE, INFANTILE FORM RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA 1; RP1
CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS SPOUSAL CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - PACIFIC
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP C; XPC
COLLAGEN, TYPE I, ALPHA-2; COL1A2 OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, TYPE IV; OI4
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
PARKINSON'S DISEASE PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL
CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 2 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
GALACTOSEMIA GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; GALT
CHROMOSOME 7 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 22 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 22 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
SPOUSAL CONTROL DNA CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 2; ERCC2 TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY; TTD ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA WITH HAIR ABNORMALITY AND MENTAL AND GROWTH RETARDATION, INCLUDED XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP D; XPD
CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS SPOUSAL CONTROL
LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S DNA PANEL, AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS PARKINSON'S DISEASE
PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES PARKINSON'S DISEASE
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
CHROMOSOME 12 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 22 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NDPT031- AFRICAN AMERICAN CONTROL PANEL
NDPT031- AFRICAN AMERICAN CONTROL PANEL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL
PARKINSON'S DISEASE YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S DNA PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
DNA CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS SPOUSAL CONTROL
YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS PARKINSON'S DISEASE
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S DNA PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS PARKINSON'S DISEASE
CHROMOSOME 9 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA 1; SCA1 ATAXIN 1; ATX1
GLUCOKINASE; GCK MATURITY ONSET DIABETES OF THE YOUNG, TYPE II; MODY2
ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 9 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
SMALL NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN POLYPEPTIDE N; SNRPN PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME; PWS
NEMALINE MYOPATHY 2, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; NEM2 CHOLESTASIS, PROGRESSIVE FAMILIAL INTRAHEPATIC 1; PFIC1
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
DNA CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP A; FANCA
HEXOSAMINIDASE A; HEXA TAY-SACHS DISEASE; TSD
COCKAYNE SYNDROME TYPE I - 216400 OR TYPE III - 216411
COLLAGEN, TYPE I, ALPHA-2; COL1A2 OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: GENETICS UNCERTAIN; LETHAL
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 13 ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY
DIABETES MELLITUS, JUVENILE-ONSET INSULIN-DEPENDENT; IDDM
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME DIGEORGE SYNDROME; DGS
TELANGIECTASIA, HEREDITARY HEMORRHAGIC, OF RENDU, OSLER, AND WEBER; HHT
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP G; XPG
ADENOSINE DEAMINASE DEFICIENCY WITH NO IMMUNODEFICIENCY ADENOSINE DEAMINASE; ADA
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP A; XPA
PROCOLLAGEN-LYSINE, 2-OXOGLUTARATE 5-DIOXYGENASE; PLOD1 EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME, TYPE VI
CHROMOSOME 8 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
PELIZAEUS-MERZBACHER DISEASE; PMD PROTEOLIPID PROTEIN 1; PLP1
HYPERGLYCINEMIA, ISOLATED NONKETOTIC, TYPE I
SHPRINTZEN-GOLDBERG CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS SYNDROME
ADENOSINE DEAMINASE; ADA SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE, T CELL-NEGATIVE, B CELL-NEGATIVE, NK CELL-NEGATIVE, DUE TO ADENOSINE DEAMINASE DEFICIENCY
SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE, T CELL-NEGATIVE, B CELL-NEGATIVE, NK CELL-NEGATIVE, DUE TO ADENOSINE DEAMINASE DEFICIENCY ADENOSINE DEAMINASE; ADA
CYSTINOSIS, NEPHROPATHIC; CTNS CYSTINOSIN; CTNS
PSEUDOVAGINAL PERINEOSCROTAL HYPOSPADIAS; PPSH
BLOOM SYNDROME; BLM RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 3; RECQL3
N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINIDASE, ALPHA-; NAGLU MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE IIIB
CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE 1B; CMT1B MYELIN PROTEIN ZERO; MPZ
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
HOMOCYSTINURIA DUE TO DEFICIENCY OF N(5,10)-METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE ACTIVITY
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL DNA CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
CHROMOSOME 3 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 3 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; GALT GALACTOSEMIA
LIPASE, CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF PANCREATIC
GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE II GLUCOSIDASE, ALPHA, ACID; GAA
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, SHORT-CHAIN, DEFICIENCY OF ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, SHORT-CHAIN; ACADS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16
ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, VERY LONG-CHAIN, DEFICIENCY OF
ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, SHORT-CHAIN; ACADS ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, SHORT-CHAIN, DEFICIENCY OF
ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, SHORT/BRANCHED CHAIN; ACADSB
ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE FAMILY, MEMBER 8; ACAD8 ISOBUTYRYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY
NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, TYPE IV; OI4 APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
CARNITINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE II DEFICIENCY, LATE-ONSET
TRIFUNCTIONAL PROTEIN DEFICIENCY HYDROXYACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE/3-KETOACYL-CoA THIOLASE/ENOYL-CoA HYDRATASE, BETA SUBUNIT; HADHB
BRUTON AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA TYROSINE KINASE; BTK
LIG4 SYNDROME LIGASE IV, DNA, ATP-DEPENDENT; LIG4
ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA, CONGENITAL, NONBULLOUS, 1; NCIE1
YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S DISEASE; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS PARKINSON'S DISEASE
CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS SPOUSAL CONTROL
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1)
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IID, POLYPEPTIDE 6; CYP2D6 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200
PARKINSON'S DISEASE YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY, AUTOSOMAL NEONATAL FORM
SPOUSAL CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
17-@BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE IV; HSD17B4 PEROXISOMAL BIFUNCTIONAL ENZYME DEFICIENCY
PEROXISOMAL BIFUNCTIONAL ENZYME DEFICIENCY
PEROXISOMAL BIFUNCTIONAL ENZYME DEFICIENCY 17-@BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE IV; HSD17B4
EPILEPSY ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL
CHOLESTASIS, PROGRESSIVE FAMILIAL INTRAHEPATIC 1; PFIC1
VAS DEFERENS, CONGENITAL BILATERAL APLASIA OF; CBAVD
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IID, POLYPEPTIDE 6; CYP2D6 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1)
NEURAMINIDASE DEFICIENCY WITH BETA-GALACTOSIDASE DEFICIENCY
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE A SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE 1, ACID LYSOSOMAL; SMPD1
DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES REM BEHAVIOR DISORDER
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; AT ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA MUTATED GENE; ATM
CHROMOSOME 4 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC TURNER SYNDROME
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - SOUTH AMERICA (ANDES)
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY; TTD ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA WITH HAIR ABNORMALITY AND MENTAL AND GROWTH RETARDATION, INCLUDED
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - SOUTH AMERICA (BRAZIL, GUYANA, AND VENEZUELA) SNP500 PANEL
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - SOUTH AMERICA (BRAZIL, GUYANA, AND VENEZUELA)
CHROMOSOME 17 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - SOUTH AMERICA (BRAZIL, GUYANA, AND VENEZUELA) SNP500 PANEL
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - SOUTH AMERICA (BRAZIL, GUYANA, AND VENEZUELA)
DYSTONIA MUSCULORUM DEFORMANS: TYPE UNKNOWN
ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEAMINASE 1; AMPD1
MUCOLIPIDOSIS II; ML2; ML II N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE-1-PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE, ALPHA/BETA SUBUNITS; GNPTAB
XXY SYNDROME; KLINEFELTER SYNDROME ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM WITH NORMAL DNA REPAIR RATES
TAY-SACHS DISEASE; TSD HEXOSAMINIDASE A; HEXA
SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE, T CELL-NEGATIVE, B CELL-NEGATIVE, NK CELL-NEGATIVE, DUE TO ADENOSINE DEAMINASE DEFICIENCY
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: GENETICS UNCERTAIN; NON-LETHAL
DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA PROTEIN KINASE; DMPK DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA 1
METAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, ANETODERMA, AND OPTIC ATROPHY
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE C1; NPC1 NPC1 GENE; NPC1
NPC1 GENE; NPC1 NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE C1; NPC1
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 1 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MIDDLE EASTERN (VERSION 2)
CHROMOSOME 10 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 16 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP C; FANCC
PARKINSONISM, OTHER NEURODEGENERATIVE OVERLAP SYNDROME
NIGMS MAPPING PANEL #2, VERSION 3, HUMAN/RODENT SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP D; XPD
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - ASHKENAZI JEWISH
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICANS SOUTH OF THE SAHARA
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100
NDPT080 ISCHEMIC STROKE DNA PANEL ISCHEMIC STROKE
CHROMOSOME 12 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1)
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 50
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 50
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1)
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 50
FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP B; FANCB
CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS SPOUSAL CONTROL
SPOUSAL CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
CHROMOSOME 18 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 50 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IID, POLYPEPTIDE 6; CYP2D6 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1)
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA (PLATE II) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA (PLATE I)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA (PLATE II)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA (PLATE I) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - MAASAI IN KINYAWA, KENYA
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 SNP500 PANEL
EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HANSTER, 1; ERCC1 CEREBROOCULOFACIOSKELETAL SYNDROME 4; COFS4
MOSAIC VARIEGATED ANEUPLOIDY SYNDROME; MVA
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100
FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP D1; FANCD1
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP B; XPB EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 3; ERCC3
ISCHEMIC STROKE NDPT080 ISCHEMIC STROKE DNA PANEL
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
GLYPICAN 3; GPC3 SIMPSON-GOLABI-BEHMEL SYNDROME, TYPE 1; SGBS1
FRIEDREICH ATAXIA 1; FRDA FRDA GENE; FRDA
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
SPOUSAL CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IID, POLYPEPTIDE 6; CYP2D6 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 50
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IID, POLYPEPTIDE 6; CYP2D6 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 1)
NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL SPOUSAL CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - SOUTHEAST ASIANS (EXCLUDING JAPANESE AND CHINESE)
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - SOUTHEAST ASIANS (EXCLUDING JAPANESE AND CHINESE)
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - SOUTHEAST ASIANS (EXCLUDING JAPANESE AND CHINESE) SNP500 PANEL
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL SPOUSAL CONTROL
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL EPILEPSY
SPOUSAL CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - JAPANESE
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - PUERTO RICAN SNP500 PANEL
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - PUERTO RICAN
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - PUERTO RICAN SNP500 PANEL CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 10
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MIDDLE EASTERN (VERSION 1)
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1 SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - JAPANESE
UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - JAPANESE SNP500 PANEL CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IID, POLYPEPTIDE 6; CYP2D6
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - JAPANESE CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - JAPANESE SNP500 PANEL
ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
CRI-DU-CHAT SYNDROME CHROMOSOME DELETION
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - INDO PAKISTANI SNP500 PANEL
DUPLICATED CHROMOSOME RECOMBINANT CHROMOSOME
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 2) SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 1)
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 2) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 1)
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME CRI-DU-CHAT SYNDROME DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME
CHROMOSOME DELETION CRI-DU-CHAT SYNDROME
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 10 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IID, POLYPEPTIDE 6; CYP2D6
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 5 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 18 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ACRODERMATITIS ENTEROPATHICA, ZINC-DEFICIENCY TYPE; AEZ
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY TRISOMY 21
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 18 ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50
TURCOT SYNDROME ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS OF THE COLON; APC (GARDNER SYNDROME INCLUDED)
UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 8 UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24
SPOUSAL CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 8
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 8
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 8 UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24
N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE-1-PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE, ALPHA/BETA SUBUNITS; GNPTAB MUCOLIPIDOSIS II; ML2; ML II
EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME: TYPE UNCLASSIFIED
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 8
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE XX MALE SYNDROME
XX MALE SYNDROME APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
XX MALE SYNDROME TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME
INVERTED CHROMOSOME CRI-DU-CHAT SYNDROME DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 50 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - AFRICAN AMERICAN PANEL OF 100
PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES PARKINSON'S DISEASE LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE2; LRRK2
PARKINSON'S DISEASE ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL SPOUSAL CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL
ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME PARKINSON'S DISEASE
PARKINSON'S DISEASE LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE2; LRRK2
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 GUJARATI INDIANS IN HOUSTON, TEXAS INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - GUJARATI INDIANS IN HOUSTON, TEXAS
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - GUJARATI INDIANS IN HOUSTON, TEXAS INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 GUJARATI INDIANS IN HOUSTON, TEXAS
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - GUJARATI INDIANS IN HOUSTON, TEXAS
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 18
PHOSPHOMANNOMUTASE 2; PMM2 CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE Ia
CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE Id ALG3, S. CEREVISIAE, HOMOLOG OF; ALG3
CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE Ia
CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE Ic ALG6, S. CEREVISIAE, HOMOLOG OF
CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE Ia PHOSPHOMANNOMUTASE 2; PMM2
CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE Ie DOLICHYL-PHOSPHATE MANNOSYLTRANSFERASE 1, CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; DPM1
DOLICHYL-PHOSPHATE N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE; DPAGT1 CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE Ij
HEREDITARY PERSISTENCE OF FETAL HEMOGLOBIN
HEREDITARY PERSISTENCE OF FETAL HEMOGLOBIN APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
VALOSIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN; VCP INCLUSION BODY MYOPATHY WITH EARLY-ONSET PAGET DISEASE AND FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; IBMPFD
MANNOSE-P-DOLICHOL UTILIZATION DEFECT 1; MPDU1 CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE If
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 HAN CHINESE IN METROPOLITAN DENVER, COLORADO INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN METROPOLITAN DENVER, COLORADO
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN METROPOLITAN DENVER, COLORADO INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 HAN CHINESE IN METROPOLITAN DENVER, COLORADO
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 2)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN METROPOLITAN DENVER, COLORADO
LYMPHOSARCOMA ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE-1-PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE, ALPHA/BETA SUBUNITS; GNPTAB MUCOLIPIDOSIS IIIA
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD DYSTROPHIN; DMD
DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA PROTEIN KINASE; DMPK DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA 1 5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME CENTRAL CORE DISEASE OF MUSCLE
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA - 180100, 268000, OR 312600
MACULAR DYSTROPHY, RETINAL, 1, NORTH CAROLINA TYPE; MCDR1
SPOUSAL CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL
AMAUROSIS CONGENITA OF LEBER; TYPE I OR II - 204000 OR 204100
SPOUSAL CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL SPOUSAL CONTROL
ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE, LIVER; ALPL HYPOPHOSPHATASIA, INFANTILE
ROKITANSKY-KUSTER-HAUSER SYNDROME UROGENITAL ADYSPLASIA, HEREDITARY
EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 3; ERCC3 XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP B; XPB
HUNTINGTON DISEASE; HD APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
PARKINSON'S DISEASE YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE
ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS OF THE COLON; APC (GARDNER SYNDROME INCLUDED)
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 100 (SET 2) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 200
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME KLIPPEL-FEIL SYNDROME; KFS; KFM CERVICAL VERTEBRAL FUSION, TYPE II, INCLUDED
DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA 1 DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA PROTEIN KINASE; DMPK
APOLIPOPROTEIN C-II DEFICIENCY, TYPE I HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA DUE TO
ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS OF THE COLON; APC (GARDNER SYNDROME INCLUDED) APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
PARKINSONISM, OTHER DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY SC PHOCOMELIA SYNDROME
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, LIMB-GIRDLE, TYPE 2; LGMD2
DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA 1 APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
CYSTINOSIN; CTNS CYSTINOSIS, NEPHROPATHIC; CTNS
HERMANSKY-PUDLAK SYNDROME; HPS HERMANSKY-PUDLAK SYNDROME GENE 6
NORMAL CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISM APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
CYSTINOSIS, ADULT NONNEPHROPATHIC CYSTINOSIN; CTNS
ADAPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN COMPLEX 3, BETA-1 SUBUNIT; AP3B1 HERMANSKY-PUDLAK SYNDROME 2; HPS2
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC XXY SYNDROME; KLINEFELTER SYNDROME
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE C2 NPC2 GENE; NPC2
ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA LYMPHOSARCOMA
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE - 259400, 259410, OR 259420
FSHD GENE 1; FRG1 FACIOSCAPULOHUMERAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY 1A; FSHMD1A (FSHD)
WOLF-HIRSCHHORN SYNDROME; WHS CHROMOSOME DELETION
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD
CARNITINE DEFICIENCY, SYSTEMIC PRIMARY; CDSP
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, TYPE IV; OI4
ANKYLOBLEPHARON-ECTODERMAL DEFECTS-CLEFT LIP/PALATE
FACIOSCAPULOHUMERAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY 1A; FSHMD1A (FSHD) FSHD GENE 1; FRG1
HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS
CHROMOSOME DELETION CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE (XK-RELATED; CGD) - 306400 OR 314850
PARKINSON'S DISEASE AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S DNA PANEL, AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2) CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR
OSTEOPETROSIS WITH RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS
APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE (XK-RELATED; CGD) - 306400 OR 314850 DYSTROPHIN; DMD
DYSTROPHIN; DMD CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE (XK-RELATED; CGD) - 306400 OR 314850 MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 9
ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY; ALD ATP-BINDING CASSETTE, SUBFAMILY D, MEMBER 1; ABCD1
PANTOTHENATE KINASE-ASSOCIATED NEURODEGENERATION; PKAN; HALLERVORDEN-SPATZ DISEASE INCLUDED PANTOTHENATE KINASE 2; PANK2
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 13
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8
MUCOLIPIDOSIS III, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP C
PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES PARKINSON'S DISEASE
CHEDIAK-HIGASHI SYNDROME; CHS1 LYSOSOMAL TRAFFICKING REGULATOR, INCLUDED; LYST, INCLUDED
SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE 1, ACID LYSOSOMAL; SMPD1 NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE B
MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE IVB GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GENERALIZED GM1, TYPE I
SPOUSAL CONTROL ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
CEREBRAL CALCIFICATION, NONARTERIOSCLEROTIC
EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 2; ERCC2 XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP D; XPD
NEUROBLASTOMA; NB NEUROBLASTOMA SUPPRESSOR, INCLUDED; NBS, INCLUDED
CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR 5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2) CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 13291 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; TS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS FACTOR 26; PEX26 ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; ZS
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1345
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1345
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 8 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1345
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1345 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1345
CYSTINURIA; CSNU SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 3, MEMBER 1; SLC3A1
SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 17, MEMBER 5; SLC17A5 SALLA DISEASE
FACIOSCAPULOHUMERAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY; TYPE UNKNOWN (FSHD)
AUTISTIC DISORDER TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16
SALLA DISEASE SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 17, MEMBER 5; SLC17A5
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
HYPOXANTHINE GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE 1; HPRT1; HPRT LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME; LNS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - HAN PEOPLE OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 SNP500 PANEL
HYPERAMMONEMIA DUE TO CARBAMOYLPHOSPHATE SYNTHETASE I DEFICIENCY
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 SNP500 PANEL
SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 100 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - MEXICAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY OF LOS ANGELES PANEL OF 24
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 18
DYSTROPHIN; DMD MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD
MYELOMA (PLASMACYTOMA) CELL LINES FOR HYBRIDOMAS
DIGEORGE SYNDROME; DGS TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM, MALE, WITH GYNECOMASTIA
PARKINSON'S DISEASE ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER
NEPHROSIS 1, CONGENITAL, FINNISH TYPE; NPHS1
NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008
FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP D2; FANCD2
FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP G; FANCG X-RAY REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 9; XRCC9
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA, TYPE II; MEN2 RET PROTOONCOGENE; RET
FACTOR V DEFICIENCY HEMOGLOBIN--BETA LOCUS; HBB
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 2) CHINESE POPULATION
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
ALZHEIMER DISEASE LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S DNA PANEL, AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS PARKINSON'S DISEASE
CHROMOSOME DELETION MILLER-DIEKER LISSENCEPHALY SYNDROME; MDLS
RHIZOMELIC CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, TYPE 3; RCDP3
RET PROTOONCOGENE; RET MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA, TYPE II; MEN2
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1355 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1353 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS FACTOR 1; PEX1 ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; ZS
SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 3, MEMBER 1; SLC3A1 CYSTINURIA; CSNU
CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS, NEURONAL 2, LATE INFANTILE TYPE; CLN2 CLN2 GENE; CLN2
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA 1; RP1 REFSUM DISEASE
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 18 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 4 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 9 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 17 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ABDOMINAL MUSCLES, ABSENCE OF, WITH URINARY TRACT ABNORMALITY AND CRYPTORCHIDISM
ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
MELANOMA, CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT, 2; CMM2 CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 2A; CDKN2A
CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 2A; CDKN2A MELANOMA, CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT, 2; CMM2
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 CEPH/FRENCH PEDIGREE 12
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 18 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 1 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER - 125480 OR 309200 TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 14 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 18 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 2 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE X CHROMOSOME SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
DANDY-WALKER MALFORMATION WITH MENTAL RETARDATION, BASAL GANGLIA DISEASE, AND SEIZURES
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 17 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 17 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
PHYLOGENETIC SHADOWING PANEL NONHUMAN PRIMATES
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1353
CEPH/FRENCH PEDIGREE 66 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 2) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 1) SNP500 PANEL
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 1) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 2) SNP500 PANEL
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - NORTHERN EUROPEAN
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 1)
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 2) HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CHINESE (VERSION 1)
ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE; OTC ORNITHINE TRANSCARBAMYLASE DEFICIENCY, HYPERAMMONEMIA DUE TO; OTC
POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY AND HEPATIC DISEASE 1; PKHD1
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC CHROMOSOME DELETION
ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
EMERIN; EMD EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE HUNTINGTON DISEASE; HD
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
CHIMPANZEE PANEL GREAT APE PANEL NONHUMAN PRIMATES
ALEXANDER DISEASE GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; GFAP
GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; GFAP ALEXANDER DISEASE
RHIZOMELIC CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, TYPE 2; RCDP2
LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA, ACUTE, WITH LYMPHOMATOUS FEATURES; LALL
DELETED IN AZOOSPERMIA; DAZ CHROMOSOME DELETION
CYSTINURIA; CSNU SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 7, MEMBER 9; SLC7A9
NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3 INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP
FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP F; FANCF
NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3 INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1358 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1358
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1358
NONHUMAN PRIMATES PHYLOGENETIC SHADOWING PANEL
CONGENITAL ENDPLATE ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE DEFICIENCY
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL
ECTRODACTYLY, ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA, AND CLEFT LIP/PALATE SYNDROME 1; EEC1
ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL PRIMARY LATERAL SCLEROSIS
BASQUE POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - BASQUE
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - BASQUE BASQUE POPULATION
SPOUSAL CONTROL NDPT031- AFRICAN AMERICAN CONTROL PANEL
ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA 1, ANHIDROTIC; ED1 TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
NIJMEGEN BREAKAGE SYNDROME GENE; NBS1 NIJMEGEN BREAKAGE SYNDROME
COAGULATION FACTOR II; F2 HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE 5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - HEMOCHROMATOSIS HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - DISORDERS OF THROMBOSIS
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS EPILEPSY, CHILDHOOD ABSENCE, 1; ECA1
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS, NEURONAL 1, INFANTILE; CLN1 PALMITOYL-PROTEIN THIOESTERASE 1; PPT1
PALMITOYL-PROTEIN THIOESTERASE 1; PPT1 CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS, JUVENILE NEURONAL, WITH GRANULAR OSMIOPHILIC DEPOSIT
DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - HEMOCHROMATOSIS 5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR FACTOR V DEFICIENCY HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - DISORDERS OF THROMBOSIS COAGULATION FACTOR II; F2 HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE
LIGASE IV, DNA, ATP-DEPENDENT; LIG4 LIG4 SYNDROME
PALMITOYL-PROTEIN THIOESTERASE 1; PPT1 CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS, NEURONAL 1, INFANTILE; CLN1
APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS
APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP C; FANCC
CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH PERONEAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY, X-LINKED; CMTX1 GAP JUNCTION PROTEIN, BETA-1, 32-KD; GJB1
GAP JUNCTION PROTEIN, BETA-1, 32-KD; GJB1 CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH PERONEAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY, X-LINKED; CMTX1
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 8 ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 18
INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP PARKINSON'S DISEASE NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3
NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3 INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP PARKINSON'S DISEASE
NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3 INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP ASPARTOACYLASE; ASPA
INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3 GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1375 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
MYELOMA, MULTIPLE AMYLOIDOSIS, PRIMARY, INCLUDED; AL, INCLUDED
PRIMARY LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL
PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME; PWS DUPLICATED CHROMOSOME
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1334 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1334 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1334 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1408
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1408 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
PERIPHERAL MYELIN PROTEIN 22; PMP22 CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE, TYPE 1A; CMT1A
ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA, CONGENITAL, DUE TO 21-HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1408 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1416 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1334
FRDA GENE; FRDA FRIEDREICH ATAXIA 1; FRDA
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM INVERTED CHROMOSOME
KEARNS-SAYRE SYNDROME; KSS COMPLEX I, SUBUNIT ND4; MTND4
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE FABRY DISEASE
SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM - UNRUPTURED
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE B SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE 1, ACID LYSOSOMAL; SMPD1 GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA
SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE 1, ACID LYSOSOMAL; SMPD1 NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE A
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1421 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
POPLITEAL PTERYGIUM SYNDROME, LETHAL TYPE; BARTSOCAS-PAPAS SYNDROME; BPS
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1418
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1418 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] SNP500 PANEL
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1421
PINEAL HYPERPLASIA, INSULIN-RESISTANT DIABETES MELLITUS, AND SOMATIC ABNORMALITIES; RABSON-MENDENHALL SYNDROME LEPRECHAUNISM
HYPOPARATHYROIDISM-RETARDATION-DYSMORPHISM SYNDROME; HRD; SANJAD-SAKATI SYNDROME
FACIOSCAPULOHUMERAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY; TYPE UNKNOWN (FSHD) TURNER SYNDROME
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1418 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA HEMOGLOBIN--BETA LOCUS; HBB
HEMOGLOBIN--BETA LOCUS; HBB SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 7 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 17 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
HYPOPHOSPHATASIA, INFANTILE ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE, LIVER; ALPL
GLUTARICACIDEMIA I GLUTARYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE; GCDH
GLUTARYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE; GCDH GLUTARICACIDEMIA I
EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 5; ERCC5 XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP G; XPG
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE INVERTED CHROMOSOME
GERONTOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER (GRC) CELL CULTURE COLLECTION BALTIMORE LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING (BLSA)
BALTIMORE LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING (BLSA) APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE GERONTOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER (GRC) CELL CULTURE COLLECTION
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE INVERTED CHROMOSOME BALTIMORE LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING (BLSA) GERONTOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER (GRC) CELL CULTURE COLLECTION
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE BALTIMORE LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING (BLSA) GERONTOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER (GRC) CELL CULTURE COLLECTION
INVERTED CHROMOSOME NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
GAUCHER DISEASE, TYPE I GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 13281 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1328 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1330
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1330 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 13281
X-RAY REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 4; XRCC4 CRICETULUS
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP G; XPG EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 5; ERCC5
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1354
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1354 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2)
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1349 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1349 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1349 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1377
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1377 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1347 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1347 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1350 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1350 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1350 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1350 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
DNA CONTROL PANEL FOR LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1423 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1423
MYOCLONUS EPILEPSY ASSOCIATED WITH RAGGED-RED FIBERS; MERFF TRANSFER RNA, MITOCHONDRIAL, LYSINE; MTTK
CHROMOSOME 11 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 2 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 11 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 11 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1424
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1424 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1346
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1346 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1346 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME
LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME; LNS HYPOXANTHINE GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE 1; HPRT1; HPRT
MEVALONATE KINASE; MVK MEVALONICACIDURIA, INCLUDED
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1420 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1420 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1420
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1420 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1362 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1362 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1362 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 SNP500 PANEL INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1362 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 10 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
18Q- SYNDROME APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES PRIMARY LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ADDITIONAL HUMAN/CHINESE HAMSTER SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1344
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1344 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1344 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
V-KIT HARDY-ZUCKERMAN 4 FELINE SARCOMA VIRAL ONCOGENE HOMOLOG; KIT PIEBALD TRAIT; PBT
CHROMOSOME 7 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 18 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 4 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CANIS CANINE GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GENERALIZED GM1, TYPE 1
CHROMOSOME 4 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 12 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 4 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 6 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 2 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ANGELMAN SYNDROME; AS CHROMOSOME DELETION
CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 17 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
SNP500 PANEL CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 DRUZE POPULATION
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL
FAMILIAL OPTIC ATROPHY; TYPE UNKNOWN; LEBER-LIKE OPTIC ATROPHY COMPLEX I, SUBUNIT ND1; MTND1
HOLOCARBOXYLASE SYNTHETASE; HLCS HOLOCARBOXYLASE SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY
CHROMOSOME 13 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 17 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 22 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
EWING SARCOMA BREAKPOINT REGION 1; EWSR1, INCLUDED; EWS, INCLUDED; ES, INCLUDED TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA, TYPE I; MEN1
NEUROMATA, MUCOSAL, WITH ENDOCRINE TUMORS
ICHTHYOSIS CONGENITA, HARLEQUIN FETUS TYPE
CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 3 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 7 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 3 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
BALTIMORE LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING (BLSA) GERONTOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER (GRC) CELL CULTURE COLLECTION
ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LATE ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - CHARACTERIZED MUTATIONS ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD
APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LATE ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE
AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
LAMIN A/C; LMNA HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME; HGPS
HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME; HGPS
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME; HGPS LAMIN A/C; LMNA
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 13
LAMIN A/C; LMNA HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME; HGPS NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME; HGPS LAMIN A/C; LMNA NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
SV40 VIRUS-TRANSFORMED APPARENTLY HEALTHY: NON-FETAL TISSUE
ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - EARLY ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION
WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 2; RECQL2
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION
AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION
ALZHEIMER DISEASE, FAMILIAL, TYPE 4 PRESENILIN 2; PSEN2
MRC-5 - SV40 VIRUS-TRANSFORMED FETAL LUNG FIBROBLAST
APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - EARLY ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - EARLY ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - CHARACTERIZED MUTATIONS PRESENILIN 2; PSEN2 ALZHEIMER DISEASE, FAMILIAL, TYPE 4
PRESENILIN 2; PSEN2 ALZHEIMER DISEASE, FAMILIAL, TYPE 4
AVM-UNRUPTURED AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
INVERTED CHROMOSOME APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR ATROPHY
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 2; RECQL2 DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME
RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 2; RECQL2 WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED
AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS
ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LATE ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - EARLY ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1458
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1358 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1358 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1447 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1447 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1451 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1451
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1444 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1444 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1444
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1447
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1444
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1444 SNP500 PANEL INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1454 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 SNP500 PANEL CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1454
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1454
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1454 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1456
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1456 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGED SIB PAIRS AGED SIB PAIRS COLLECTION NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY'S LONGEVITY RESEARCH PROGRAM
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1454 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM - UNRUPTURED SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1400 SNP500 PANEL
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1459 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1459
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1459 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1459 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1459 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1463 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1463
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1463 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1463
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1463 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR VAS DEFERENS, CONGENITAL BILATERAL APLASIA OF; CBAVD
SEX REVERSAL, AUTOSOMAL, 2; SRA2 TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1582 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 SNP500 PANEL
WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED
WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
GLUCOSIDASE, ALPHA, ACID; GAA GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE II
HPS1 GENE; HPS1 HERMANSKY-PUDLAK SYNDROME; HPS
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES COCKAYNE SYNDROME TYPE I - 216400 OR TYPE III - 216411
CHROMOSOME 11 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 22 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 22 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 15 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 2 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
MAPLE SYRUP URINE DISEASE (MSUD), TYPE IA
RHODOPSIN; RHO RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA, RHODOPSIN-RELATED, INCLUDED RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA - 180100, 268000, OR 312600
CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 10 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 3 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
SPINAL AND BULBAR MUSCULAR ATROPHY, X-LINKED 1; SMAX1
TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY, NONPHOTOSENSITIVE 1; TTDN1 TTDN1 GENE; TTDN1 (C7ORF11)
TTDN1 GENE; TTDN1 (C7ORF11) TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY, NONPHOTOSENSITIVE 1; TTDN1
ALBUMIN; ALB DYSALBUMINEMIC HYPERTHYROXINEMIA, INCLUDED INVERTED CHROMOSOME
ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; ZS INVERTED CHROMOSOME
EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME: TYPE IV; ARTERIAL, ECCHYMOTIC TYPE
FELINE EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME: TYPE UNCLASSIFIED FELIS
HURLER SYNDROME ALPHA-L-IDURONIDASE; IDUA
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC RING CHROMOSOME
MARKER CHROMOSOME OCULAR ALBINISM WITH CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY; POSSIBLE AUTO RECESSIVE INHERITANCE
CHROMOSOME 2 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME DELETION GILLES DE LA TOURETTE SYNDROME; GTS
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA - 180100, 268000, OR 312600 RHODOPSIN; RHO RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA, RHODOPSIN-RELATED, INCLUDED
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME NEUROBLASTOMA; NB NEUROBLASTOMA SUPPRESSOR, INCLUDED; NBS, INCLUDED
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD
OCULAR ALBINISM WITH CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY; POSSIBLE AUTO RECESSIVE INHERITANCE MARKER CHROMOSOME
CHROMOSOME DELETION GREIG CEPHALOPOLYSYNDACTYLY SYNDROME; GCPS
XERODERMIC IDIOCY OF DE SANCTIS AND CACCHIONE EXCISION-REPAIR CROSS-COMPLEMENTING RODENT REPAIR DEFICIENCY, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP 6; ERCC6 COCKAYNE SYNDROME, TYPE B, INCLUDED; CSB, INCLUDED
EXCISION-REPAIR CROSS-COMPLEMENTING RODENT REPAIR DEFICIENCY, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP 6; ERCC6 COCKAYNE SYNDROME, TYPE B, INCLUDED; CSB, INCLUDED XERODERMIC IDIOCY OF DE SANCTIS AND CACCHIONE
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA; TD
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 22 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME CHROMOSOME DELETION
MILLER-DIEKER LISSENCEPHALY SYNDROME; MDLS RING CHROMOSOME
ATAXIN 3; ATXN3 MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE; MJD
SCHINZEL-GIEDION MIDFACE-RETRACTION SYNDROME
MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE; MJD ATAXIN 3; ATXN3
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE 5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - HEMOCHROMATOSIS APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS
MILLER-DIEKER LISSENCEPHALY SYNDROME; MDLS TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE IIIA N-SULFOGLUCOSAMINE SULFOHYDROLASE; SGSH
LEBER OPTIC ATROPHY COMPLEX I, SUBUNIT ND4; MTND4
ENDOGLIN; ENG TELANGIECTASIA, HEREDITARY HEMORRHAGIC, OF RENDU, OSLER, AND WEBER; HHT
MARFAN SYNDROME; MFS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1332 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1344
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1350 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1344 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1346 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1349 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1349
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1420 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1420
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1424 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1424
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 8 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1423
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1423 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 FAMILY, POLYPEPTIDE A1; UGT1A1
ADENINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; APRT 2,8-@DIHYDROXYADENINE UROLITHIASIS, INCLUDED
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 8 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1408 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1408 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 SNP500 PANEL CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1416 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1347 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] SNP500 PANEL
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 SNP500 PANEL CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1347
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] SNP500 PANEL CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1362
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1362 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 SNP500 PANEL
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1346
BOVINE PORPHYRIA, CONGENITAL ERYTHROPOIETIC BOS
CHROMOSOME DELETION RETINOBLASTOMA, SPORADIC
CHROMOSOME 17 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 15 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
GREIG CEPHALOPOLYSYNDACTYLY SYNDROME; GCPS CHROMOSOME DELETION
CHROMOSOME DELETION TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS, NEURONAL 2, LATE INFANTILE TYPE; CLN2
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME KALLMANN SYN; HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM, ANOSMIA- 147950, 244200, 308700
ADDITIONAL HUMAN/CHINESE HAMSTER SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 12 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA WITH KLEEBLATTSCHAEDEL
OSTEOCHONDRODYSPLASIA WITH RHIZOMELIA & OTHER FEATURES - UNKNOWN INHERITANCE
CHROMOSOME 17 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 10 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 15 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
MYOTUBULARIN; MTM1 MYOTUBULAR MYOPATHY 1; MTM1
FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 3; FGFR3 INVERTED CHROMOSOME THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA; TD
CHROMOSOME INSERTION RETINOBLASTOMA, SPORADIC
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS APPARENTLY HEALTHY FETAL TISSUE
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE II)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE II) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (PLATE I) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA
KARTAGENER SYNDROME STARGARDT DISEASE 1; STGD1
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (PLATE II)
HUMAN ERYTHROLEUKEMIC CELL LINES CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (PLATE I) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (PLATE I)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (PLATE II) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - YORUBA IN IBADAN, NIGERIA (PLATE I)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING, CHINA CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I)
HEXOSAMINIDASE A; HEXA CANAVAN DISEASE ASPARTOACYLASE; ASPA
METACHROMATIC LEUKODYSTROPHY, LATE-INFANTILE
METHYLMALONICACIDURIA DUE TO METHYLMALONIC COA MUTASE DEFICIENCY
MYOPATHY WITH GIANT ABNORMAL MITOCHONDRIA
CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE, TYPE 1A; CMT1A
CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE, TYPE 1A; CMT1A PERIPHERAL MYELIN PROTEIN 22; PMP22
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE MAPLE SYRUP URINE DISEASE (MSUD), TYPE IA
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC XXXY AND XXXXY SYNDROME
OROTICACIDURIA TYPES I OR II - 258900 OR 258920
DICENTRIC CHROMOSOME ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC
METHYLMALONICACIDURIA, VITAMIN B12-RESPONSIVE, DUE TO DEFECT IN SYNTHESIS OF ADENOSYLCOBALAMIN--CBL A
TRISOMY 21 ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC
MACROCEPHALY, MULTIPLE LIPOMAS, AND HEMANGIOMATA
BETA GLOBIN REGION RESTRICTION POLYMORPHISMS
BETA GLOBIN REGION RESTRICTION POLYMORPHISMS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE BETA GLOBIN REGION RESTRICTION POLYMORPHISMS
PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; PXE ATP-BINDING CASSETTE, SUBFAMILY C, MEMBER 6; ABCC6
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC XXXXX SYNDROME
HARTNUP DISORDER SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 6 (NEUROTRANSMITTER TRANSPORTER), MEMBER 19; SLC6A19
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - LUHYA FROM WEBUYE, KENYA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 LUHYA FROM WEBUYE, KENYA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - LUHYA FROM WEBUYE, KENYA
CALCINOSIS, TUMORAL, WITH HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE II) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE II)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9
GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA TAY-SACHS DISEASE; TSD HEXOSAMINIDASE A; HEXA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 LUHYA FROM WEBUYE, KENYA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - LUHYA FROM WEBUYE, KENYA
SIMPSON-GOLABI-BEHMEL SYNDROME, TYPE 1; SGBS1 TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
MUCOLIPIDOSIS IIIA N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE-1-PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE, ALPHA/BETA SUBUNITS; GNPTAB
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR
MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE IIIB N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINIDASE, ALPHA-; NAGLU
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME XXXY AND XXXXY SYNDROME
FIBRODYSPLASIA OSSIFICANS PROGRESSIVA; FOP
APPARENTLY HEALTHY AMNIOTIC FLUID CELL CULTURE
HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2) CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF
GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE VIII (IX, INCLUDED)
ACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE, MEDIUM-CHAIN, DEFICIENCY OF
ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY, AUTOSOMAL NEONATAL FORM PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS FACTOR 26; PEX26
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE GALACTOSEMIA
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME GALACTOSEMIA GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; GALT
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO, JAPAN INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - JAPANESE IN TOKYO AND HAN CHINESE IN BEIJING (PLATE I) CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9
HYPOCHONDROPLASIA; HCH FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 3; FGFR3
CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2)
CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2)
CYSTINOSIN; CTNS CYSTINOSIS, LATE-ONSET JUVENILE OR ADOLESCENT NEPHROPATHIC TYPE
CYSTINOSIS, LATE-ONSET JUVENILE OR ADOLESCENT NEPHROPATHIC TYPE CYSTINOSIN; CTNS
LEUKEMIA, SUB-ACUTE TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE2; LRRK2 PARKINSON'S DISEASE
ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL SPOUSAL CONTROL
PARKINSON'S DISEASE RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
DNA POLYMORPHISM DISCOVERY RESOURCE COLLECTION
NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL SPOUSAL CONTROL
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, TYPE I; NF1 APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
AT RISK ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 DNA POLYMORPHISM DISCOVERY RESOURCE COLLECTION
EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME, TYPE III GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE VIII (IX, INCLUDED)
EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME, TYPE III APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE VIII (IX, INCLUDED)
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME, TYPE III GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE VIII (IX, INCLUDED)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - COMMUNITIES OF MEXICAN ORIGIN IN LOS ANGELES, CA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 FROM COMMUNITIES OF MEXICAN ORIGIN IN LOS ANGELES, CA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 FROM COMMUNITIES OF MEXICAN ORIGIN IN LOS ANGELES, CA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - COMMUNITIES OF MEXICAN ORIGIN IN LOS ANGELES, CA
GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE VIII (IX, INCLUDED) EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME, TYPE III
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - AFRICAN ANCESTRY FROM THE SW USA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PLATE OF AFRICAN ANCESTRY FROM THE SW USA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PLATE OF AFRICAN ANCESTRY FROM THE SW USA INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - AFRICAN ANCESTRY FROM THE SW USA
DNA POLYMORPHISM DISCOVERY RESOURCE COLLECTION CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9
PARKINSON'S DISEASE YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME REM BEHAVIOR DISORDER
PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY PARKINSON'S DISEASE
SCHIZOPHRENIA ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES PARKINSON'S DISEASE
ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL SPASMODIC TORTICOLLIS-CERVICAL DYSTONIA
YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS PARKINSON'S DISEASE DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES
YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S DISEASE; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES PARKINSON'S DISEASE
PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL SPOUSAL CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL
CHROMOSOME 10 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 7 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 7 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 6 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NDPT031- AFRICAN AMERICAN CONTROL PANEL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 3 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 7 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 6 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 2 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 7 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 6 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER PARKINSON'S DISEASE
CZECHOSLOVAKIAN POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CZECHOSLOVAKIAN
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - CZECHOSLOVAKIAN CZECHOSLOVAKIAN POPULATION
TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY; TTD ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA WITH HAIR ABNORMALITY AND MENTAL AND GROWTH RETARDATION, INCLUDED EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 2; ERCC2
EXCISION-REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 2; ERCC2 TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY; TTD ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMA WITH HAIR ABNORMALITY AND MENTAL AND GROWTH RETARDATION, INCLUDED
ICELANDIC POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - ICELAND
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - ICELAND ICELANDIC POPULATION
CHROMOSOME 10 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 3 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
SYNUCLEIN, ALPHA; SNCA PARKINSON DISEASE,FAMILIAL, TYPE 1; PARK1
NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA GAUCHER DISEASE, TYPE III
HYDROXYACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE/3-KETOACYL-CoA THIOLASE/ENOYL-CoA HYDRATASE, ALPHA SUBUNIT; HADHA LONG-CHAIN 3-HYDROXYACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY
HYDROXYACYL-CoA DEHYDROGENASE/3-KETOACYL-CoA THIOLASE/ENOYL-CoA HYDRATASE, BETA SUBUNIT; HADHB TRIFUNCTIONAL PROTEIN DEFICIENCY
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME NON-HODGKINS LYMPHOMA
PHOSPHATE-REGULATING ENDOPEPTIDASE HOMOLOG; X-LINKED; PHEX HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC RICKETS, X-LINKED DOMINANT
HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC RICKETS, X-LINKED DOMINANT
METHYLMALONIC ACIDURIA AND HOMOCYSTINURIA, cblC TYPE
MARVEL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2; MARVELD2 DEAFNESS, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 49; DFNB49
DEAFNESS, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 49; DFNB49 MARVEL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2; MARVELD2
DEAFNESS, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 28; DFNB28 TRIO- AND F-ACTIN-BINDING PROTEIN; TRIOBP
TRIO- AND F-ACTIN-BINDING PROTEIN; TRIOBP DEAFNESS, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 28; DFNB28
SHORT STATURE HOMEOBOX; SHOX LANGER MESOMELIC DYSPLASIA
LANGER MESOMELIC DYSPLASIA SHORT STATURE HOMEOBOX; SHOX
ISODICENTRIC CHROMOSOME AUTISTIC DISORDER
AUTISTIC DISORDER ISODICENTRIC CHROMOSOME
PARKIN; PARK2 PARKINSON DISEASE, JUVENILE, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; PDJ PARKINSON'S DISEASE
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE Y CHROMOSOME SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE, AXONAL, TYPE 2D; CMT2D GLYCYL-TRNA SYNTHETASE; GARS
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, TYPE II; NF2 NEUROFIBROMIN 2; NF2
DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME DUPLICATED CHROMOSOME
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC DUPLICATED CHROMOSOME DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME
CHROMOSOME DELETION DUPLICATED CHROMOSOME DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME
DUPLICATED CHROMOSOME ENCEPHALOPATHY OF CHILDHOOD (LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME)
EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 2B, SUBUNIT 2; EIF2B2 LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY WITH VANISHING WHITE MATTER; VWM (OVARIOLEUKODYSTROPHY, INCLUDED)
CONGENITAL DISORDER OF GLYCOSYLATION, TYPE Ig DOLICHYL-P-MANNOSE:MAN-7-GlcNAc-2-PP-DOLICHYL-ALPHA-6-MANNOSYLTRANSFERASE
CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME 1; CDLS1 NIPPED-B-LIKE; NIPBL
SOTOS SYNDROME NUCLEAR RECEPTOR-BINDING Su-var, ENHANCER OF ZESTE, AND TRITHORAX DOMAIN PROTEIN 1; NSD1
PARKINSON'S DISEASE YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S DNA PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL CONTROL PANEL FOR YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S; UNAFFECTED INDIVIDUALS RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME
ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION, GENERALIZED, OF INFANCY
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
FAMILIAL MULTIPLE CONGENITAL ANOMALIES - UNKNOWN SYNDROME OR INHERITANCE
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PROGRESSIVE WITH CNS INVOLVEMENT & RECESSIVE INHERITANCE
INVERTED CHROMOSOME CRYPTOPHTHALMOS WITH OTHER MALFORMATIONS
CRYPTOPHTHALMOS WITH OTHER MALFORMATIONS
DIGEORGE SYNDROME; DGS CHROMOSOME DELETION
CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE; TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS
CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE; TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT VESSELS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
TURNER SYNDROME INVERTED CHROMOSOME ISODICENTRIC CHROMOSOME
EXCISION-REPAIR CROSS-COMPLEMENTING RODENT REPAIR DEFICIENCY, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP 6; ERCC6 COCKAYNE SYNDROME, TYPE B, INCLUDED; CSB, INCLUDED
ALPHA-L-IDURONIDASE; IDUA HURLER SYNDROME
BRANCHED-CHAIN KETO ACID DEHYDROGENASE E1, ALPHA POLYPEPTIDE; BCKDHA MAPLE SYRUP URINE DISEASE (MSUD), TYPE IA
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - TOSCANI IN ITALIA (TUSCANS IN ITALY) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 TOSCANI IN ITALIA (TUSCANS IN ITALY)
ARH GENE; ARH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; ARH
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - PANEL OF 90 TOSCANI IN ITALIA (TUSCANS IN ITALY) INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - TOSCANI IN ITALIA (TUSCANS IN ITALY)
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - TOSCANI IN ITALIA (TUSCANS IN ITALY)
MAPLE SYRUP URINE DISEASE (MSUD), TYPE II DIHYDROLIPOAMIDE BRANCHED-CHAIN TRANSACYLASE; DBT
RETINOIC ACID-INDUCED GENE 1; RAI1 SMITH-MAGENIS SYNDROME; SMS
5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR FACTOR V DEFICIENCY
SPONDYLOEPIMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA WITH MULTIPLE DISLOCATIONS
SMITH-MAGENIS SYNDROME; SMS RETINOIC ACID-INDUCED GENE 1; RAI1
5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR
CHROMOSOME DELETION SMITH-MAGENIS SYNDROME; SMS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
HOLOCARBOXYLASE SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY HOLOCARBOXYLASE SYNTHETASE; HLCS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA: DYSTROPHIC, JUNCTIONAL, OR SIMPLEX TYPES
ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
CARNITINE-ACYLCARNITINE TRANSLOCASE; CACT
ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
SH2 DOMAIN PROTEIN 1A; SH2D1A LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROME, X-LINKED
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME ANIRIDIA: TYPES 1 OR 2 - 106200 OR 106210
SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY, X-LINKED; SCIDX1
ANIRIDIA: TYPES 1 OR 2 - 106200 OR 106210
ANIRIDIA: TYPES 1 OR 2 - 106200 OR 106210 TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME 1; CDLS1 TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
SPECIFIC ANTIBODY DEFICIENCY WITH NORMAL IMMUNOGLOBULINS AND PEG-TEETH
TELANGIECTASIA, HEREDITARY HEMORRHAGIC, OF RENDU, OSLER, AND WEBER; HHT ENDOGLIN; ENG
WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME; WAS WAS GENE; WAS
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME 1; CDLS1
IMMUNODEFICIENCY WITH HYPER-IgM, TYPE 1; HIGM1 CD40 LIGAND; CD40LG
IMR-90 - NORMAL HUMAN FETAL LUNG FIBROBLAST
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME OROFACIAL CLEFT 1; OFC1
TURNER SYNDROME ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC
CHROMOSOME DELETION ANGELMAN SYNDROME; AS
ESTABLISHMENT OF COHESION 1, S. CERVISIAE, HOMOLOG OF, 2; ESCO2 SC PHOCOMELIA SYNDROME
ANGELMAN SYNDROME; AS COMPLETE PATERNAL UNIPARENTAL DISOMY
PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME; PWS COMPLETE MATERNAL UNIPARENTAL DISOMY
HEMOGLOBIN--DELTA LOCUS; HBD HEMOGLOBIN--BETA LOCUS; HBB
PORPHYRIA, ACUTE INTERMITTENT APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE VI
CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS, NEURONAL 3, JUVENILE; CLN3 CLN3 GENE; CLN3
METHIONINE ADENOSYLTRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY
ALPERS DIFFUSE DEGENERATION OF CEREBRAL GRAY MATTER WITH HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS POLYMERASE, DNA, GAMMA; POLG
POLYMERASE, DNA, GAMMA; POLG ALPERS DIFFUSE DEGENERATION OF CEREBRAL GRAY MATTER WITH HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC
CYSTINOSIS, LATE-ONSET JUVENILE OR ADOLESCENT NEPHROPATHIC TYPE
METHYLMALONICACIDURIA, VITAMIN B12-RESPONSIVE, DUE TO DEFECT IN SYNTHESIS OF ADENOSYLCOBALAMIN--CBL B
GAUCHER DISEASE, TYPE III GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE Y CHROMOSOME SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC PROGRESSIVE, DUCHENNE AND BECKER TYPES; DMD TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
ANIRIDIA, GENITOURINARY ABNORMALITIES, & VASCULITIS
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME RETINOBLASTOMA, SPORADIC
LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE2; LRRK2 PARKINSON'S DISEASE
MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY PARKINSON'S DISEASE PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 14 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 11 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
PARKINSON'S DISEASE PAROXYSMAL EXERCISE INDUCED DYSTONIA
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME HOLOPROSENCEPHALY
DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES PARKINSON'S DISEASE
ULCERATIVE COLITIS, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SPECIFIC ANTIBODY DEFICIENCY WITH NORMAL IMMUNOGLOBULINS
REM BEHAVIOR DISORDER PARKINSON'S DISEASE YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S DISEASE; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
RETINOBLASTOMA; RB1 OSTEOSARCOMA, RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED, INCLUDED MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS RETINOBLASTOMA; RB1 OSTEOSARCOMA, RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED, INCLUDED
N-SULFOGLUCOSAMINE SULFOHYDROLASE; SGSH MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE IIIA
BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; G6PD
GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; G6PD BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS
GALACTOSEMIA GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; GALT MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS
DIABETES MELLITUS: MATURITY ONSET DIABETES - 222100 OR 125850
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 16 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 11 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
FAMILIAL MEDITERRANEAN FEVER GENE; MEFV MEDITERRANEAN FEVER, FAMILIAL; MEFV
PARKINSON DISEASE,FAMILIAL, TYPE 1; PARK1 SYNUCLEIN, ALPHA; SNCA
RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME PARKINSON'S DISEASE PARKINSONS PANEL: CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S DISEASE; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME PARKINSON'S DISEASE
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 6 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
THROMBOCYTOPENIA ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 16 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 16 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 6 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 12 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 16 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3 HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE NON-OBESE CONTROLS
NON-OBESE CONTROLS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
TAY-SACHS DISEASE; TSD ASPARTOACYLASE; ASPA HEXOSAMINIDASE A; HEXA
ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL ESSENTIAL TREMOR-MOVEMENT DISORDER
CHROMOSOME DELETION TRICHORHINOPHALANGEAL SYNDROME, TYPE II; TRPS2 (LANGER-GIEDION SYNDROME; LGS)
PERIODIC LIMB MOVEMENT DISORDER ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME
FOCAL DYSTONIA ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
CHROMOSOME INSERTION BASAL CELL NEVUS SYNDROME; BCNS
RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME PERIODIC LIMB MOVEMENT DISORDER ASYMPTOMATIC AND GENETICALLY RELATED TO AN AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL
PARKINSON'S DISEASE YOUNG ONSET PARKINSON'S PANEL; AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS SPASMODIC TORTICOLLIS-CERVICAL DYSTONIA
INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP ASPARTOACYLASE; ASPA NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3
PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY PARKINSON'S DISEASE LATE ONSET PARKINSON'S DNA PANEL, AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS
PARKINSON DISEASE,FAMILIAL, TYPE 1; PARK1 DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES SYNUCLEIN, ALPHA; SNCA PARKINSON'S DISEASE
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC XXXX SYNDROME
DNA DAMAGE-BINDING PROTEIN 2; DDB2 XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP E
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, FAMILIAL; FHC
POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL
HEMOGLOBIN F, HEREDITARY PERSISTENCE OF, PANCELLULAR
PARKINSON'S DISEASE SYNUCLEIN, ALPHA; SNCA PARKINSON DISEASE,FAMILIAL, TYPE 1; PARK1
HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; LDLR
LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; LDLR HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT
ALPHA-L-IDURONIDASE; IDUA SCHEIE SYNDROME
MAPLE SYRUP URINE DISEASE (MSUD), TYPE IA BRANCHED-CHAIN KETO ACID DEHYDROGENASE E1, ALPHA POLYPEPTIDE; BCKDHA
CARNITINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE II DEFICIENCY, LATE-ONSET CARNITINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE II; CPT2
DYGGVE-MELCHIOR-CLAUSEN DISEASE DYMECLIN; DYM
BULBAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE, WITH SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE AZOOSPERMIA FACTOR C
AZOOSPERMIA FACTOR C APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
SMITH-MAGENIS SYNDROME; SMS CHROMOSOME DELETION
PSEUDOTRISOMY 13 SYNDROME (HOLOPROSENCEPHALY-POLYDACTYLY SYNDROME)
SH3 DOMAIN-BINDING PROTEIN 2; SH3BP2 CHERUBISM
ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA AND RAD3-RELATED; ATR SECKEL SYNDROME
NPC2 GENE; NPC2 NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE C2
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE NON-OBESE CONTROLS MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE NON-OBESE CONTROLS
CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 6 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 22 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
NON-OBESE CONTROLS MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS NON-OBESE CONTROLS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
NON-OBESE CONTROLS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS NON-OBESE CONTROLS
MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: YOUNG AND AGED FOR EACH SPECIES REPRESENTED MACACA ORDER: PRIMATES
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP G; XPG NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
PRESENILIN 1; PSEN1 ALZHEIMER DISEASE, FAMILIAL, TYPE 3
ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - EARLY ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE
GALACTOSEMIA GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; GALT TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME
CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2) CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR
ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; AT TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA MUTATED GENE; ATM
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP E
GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GENERALIZED GM1, TYPE I MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE IVB
CHROMOSOME 18 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME X REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION, GENERALIZED, OF INFANCY ECTONUCLEOTIDE PYROPHOSPHATASE/PHOSPHODIESTERASE 1; ENPP1
HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE FACTOR V DEFICIENCY
BREAST CANCER, TYPE 1; BRCA1 BREAST CANCER INFORMATION CORE (BIC) BRCA1/BRCA2 MUTATION PANEL DNA SAMPLES
BREAST CANCER INFORMATION CORE (BIC) BRCA1/BRCA2 MUTATION PANEL DNA SAMPLES BREAST CANCER 2, EARLY-ONSET; BRCA2
FACTOR V DEFICIENCY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - HEMOCHROMATOSIS
HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - HEMOCHROMATOSIS HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE
BREAST CANCER 2, EARLY-ONSET; BRCA2 BREAST CANCER INFORMATION CORE (BIC) BRCA1/BRCA2 MUTATION PANEL DNA SAMPLES
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - NON-TRISOMIC
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
POLYDACTYLY WITH NEONATAL CHONDRODYSTROPHY, TYPE II, MAJEWSKI TYPE
CHROMOSOME 2 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 11 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 12 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA, TYPE 4; ED4 POLIOVIRUS RECEPTOR-LIKE 1; PVRL1
CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 17 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 1 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE X CHROMOSOME SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
PROTEASE INHIBITOR 1; PI HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE
HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - DISORDERS OF THROMBOSIS FACTOR V DEFICIENCY
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
MENKES SYNDROME ATPASE, CU(2+)-TRANSPORTING, ALPHA POLYPEPTIDE; ATP7A
TOCOPHEROL TRANSFER PROTEIN, ALPHA; TTPA VITAMIN E, FAMILIAL ISOLATED DEFICIENCY OF; VED
ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE IIIA TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME N-SULFOGLUCOSAMINE SULFOHYDROLASE; SGSH
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL
NDPT031- AFRICAN AMERICAN CONTROL PANEL SPOUSAL CONTROL
ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY ANEUPLOID CHROMOSOME NUMBER - TRISOMY 8
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME XX MALE SYNDROME DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME
ATPASE, CU(2+)-TRANSPORTING, ALPHA POLYPEPTIDE; ATP7A MENKES SYNDROME
BREAST CANCER INFORMATION CORE (BIC) BRCA1/BRCA2 MUTATION PANEL DNA SAMPLES BREAST CANCER, TYPE 1; BRCA1
DRPLA GENE; DRPLA DENTATORUBRAL-PALLIDOLUYSIAN ATROPHY; DRPLA
DENTATORUBRAL-PALLIDOLUYSIAN ATROPHY; DRPLA DRPLA GENE; DRPLA
ATAYAL POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - ABORIGINAL TRIBE FROM TAIWAN (ATAYAL)
HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - HEMOCHROMATOSIS CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CFTR HUMAN GENE MUTATION PANEL - CYSTIC FIBROSIS (VERSION 2) CYSTIC FIBROSIS; CF HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HFE 5,10-@METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MTHFR
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE UNITED STATES ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; GREATER THAN 7 YEARS SURVIVAL
ADYGEI POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - RUSSIAN (KRASNODAR IN SOUTHEAST EUROPEAN RUSSIA)
ADYGEI POPULATION SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - RUSSIAN (KRASNODAR IN SOUTHEAST EUROPEAN RUSSIA)
SNP500 PANEL ADYGEI POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - RUSSIAN (KRASNODAR IN SOUTHEAST EUROPEAN RUSSIA)
AMI POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - ABORIGINAL TRIBE FROM TAIWAN (AMI)
SNP500 PANEL AMI POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - ABORIGINAL TRIBE FROM TAIWAN (AMI)
AMI POPULATION SNP500 PANEL HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - ABORIGINAL TRIBE FROM TAIWAN (AMI)
AMI POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - ABORIGINAL TRIBE FROM TAIWAN (AMI) SNP500 PANEL
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL POPULATION/CONVENIENCE CONTROL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008
APPARENTLY HEALTHY AMNIOTIC FLUID CELL CULTURE CHROMOSOME DELETION
COFFIN-LOWRY SYNDROME; CLS INVERTED CHROMOSOME
TAY-SACHS DISEASE; TSD HEXOSAMINIDASE A; HEXA ASPARTOACYLASE; ASPA
X-RAY REPAIR, COMPLEMENTING DEFECTIVE, IN CHINESE HAMSTER, 9; XRCC9 FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP G; FANCG
ASPARTOACYLASE; ASPA INHIBITOR OF KAPPA LIGHT POLYPEPTIDE GENE ENHANCER IN B CELLS, KINASE-COMPLEX ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; IKBKAP NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC, TYPE III; HSAN3
RUSSIAN POPULATION HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - RUSSIAN (ZVERSKY DISTRICT NORTHEAST OF MOSCOW)
GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GENERALIZED GM1, TYPE II, OR JUVENILE TYPE
MUCOLIPIN 1; MCOLN1 GLUCOSIDASE, ACID BETA; GBA MUCOLIPIDOSIS IV
OXALOSIS TYPES I OR II, GLYCOLIC OR GLYCERIC ACIDURIA - 259900 OR 260000
MACACA ORDER: PRIMATES NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: YOUNG AND AGED FOR EACH SPECIES REPRESENTED
NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL PANEL NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASIAN CONTROL UPDATE OF PLATE NDPT008 NDPT079 NEUROLOGICALLY NORMAL CAUCASION CONTROL SPOUSAL CONTROL
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - RUSSIAN (ZVERSKY DISTRICT NORTHEAST OF MOSCOW) RUSSIAN POPULATION
CHROMOSOME 8 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 21 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
NEMALINE MYOPATHY, AMISH TYPE; ANM TROPONIN T1, SKELETAL, SLOW; TNNT1
DENTATORUBRAL-PALLIDOLUYSIAN ATROPHY; DRPLA
CHOLESTASIS, PROGRESSIVE FAMILIAL INTRAHEPATIC 1; PFIC1 NEMALINE MYOPATHY 2, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; NEM2
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 13 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
PARKINSONISM, OTHER AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME 1; CDLS1 MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS
CLEFT LIP WITH OR WITHOUT CLEFT PALATE, POSSIBLY SYNDROMIC
LOW-GGT PROGRESSIVE FAMILIAL INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS (NOT FURTHER CHARACTERIZED)
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - LATE ONSET FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE APOLIPOPROTEIN E; APOE ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AD
KALLMANN SYN; HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM, ANOSMIA- 147950, 244200, 308700
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: PHYLOGENETIC ORDER: PRIMATES MACACA
CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 9 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 4 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 5 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 18 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 7 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 18 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 5 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 4 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
ADDITIONAL DELETION/DERIVATIVE CHROMOSOME 4 SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CHROMOSOME 10 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS CHROMOSOME 5 REGIONAL MAPPING PANEL SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
PRIMARY LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 2; RECQL2 NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - CHARACTERIZED MUTATIONS WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED
WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED LAMIN A/C; LMNA NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 4; RECQL4 ROTHMUND-THOMSON SYNDROME; RTS NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; BULBAR ONSET; ALL DEFINITE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
ROTHMUND-THOMSON SYNDROME; RTS NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
MRC-5 - NORMAL HUMAN FETAL LUNG FIBROBLAST
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - CHARACTERIZED MUTATIONS RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 3; RECQL3 BLOOM SYNDROME; BLM
SAGUINUS NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: PHYLOGENETIC ORDER: PRIMATES
LAGOTHRIX ORDER: PRIMATES NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: PHYLOGENETIC
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: YOUNG AND AGED FOR EACH SPECIES REPRESENTED ORDER: PRIMATES ERYTHROCEBUS
TIG-1 - NORMAL HUMAN FETAL LUNG FIBROBLAST
SV40 VIRUS-TRANSFORMED APPARENTLY HEALTHY: FETAL TISSUE
ORDER: PRIMATES NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: YOUNG AND AGED FOR EACH SPECIES REPRESENTED ERYTHROCEBUS
ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL; UPPER-LIMB ONSET; DEFINITE AND PROBABLE ALS
ALZHEIMER DISEASE, FAMILIAL, TYPE 3 PRESENILIN 1; PSEN1
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - CHARACTERIZED MUTATIONS WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
WI-38 - NORMAL HUMAN FETAL LUNG FIBROBLAST
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - CHARACTERIZED MUTATIONS ALZHEIMER DISEASE, FAMILIAL, TYPE 3 PRESENILIN 1; PSEN1
WI-38 - SV40 VIRUS-TRANSFORMED FETAL LUNG FIBROBLAST
MACACA NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: YOUNG AND AGED FOR EACH SPECIES REPRESENTED ORDER: PRIMATES
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: PHYLOGENETIC MACACA ORDER: PRIMATES
EXCISION-REPAIR CROSS-COMPLEMENTING, GROUP 8; ERCC8 NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES COCKAYNE SYNDROME, TYPE I; CKN1
LAMIN A/C; LMNA MANDIBULOACRAL DYSPLASIA WITH TYPE A LIPODYSTROPHY; MADA NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
PRIMATE PANEL LEMUR NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: YOUNG AND AGED FOR EACH SPECIES REPRESENTED NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: PHYLOGENETIC ORDER: PRIMATES
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - PRIMATE PANEL: YOUNG AND AGED FOR EACH SPECIES REPRESENTED LEMUR ORDER: PRIMATES
UNRELATED CONDITION UPON EXAM AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
ALS PANEL; LOWER-LIMB ONSET; PROBABLE AND POSSIBLE ALS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 13291
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1341 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
FRAGILE SITE MENTAL RETARDATION 1; FMR1 APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-FETAL TISSUE
ADDITIONAL HUMAN/RAT SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1341 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 SNP500 PANEL CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1331 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 8 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1340 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1340 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
PRIMARY LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS PANEL CAUCASIAN FROM THE US
FRAGILE SITE MENTAL RETARDATION 1; FMR1 CHROMOSOME DELETION
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1341 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 13292 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE]
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1341 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
NIJMEGEN BREAKAGE SYNDROME GENE; NBS1 MARKER CHROMOSOME NIJMEGEN BREAKAGE SYNDROME
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1340
HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 8 INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1340 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 16 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 HUMAN VARIATION PANEL - EUROPEAN CAUCASIAN PANEL OF 24
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE II) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 13292
CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 9; CYP2C9 SNP500 PANEL CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1333
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19 CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1341
INTERNATIONAL HAPMAP PROJECT - CEPH (PLATE I) [UTAH RESIDENTS WITH ANCESTRY FROM NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE] CEPH/UTAH PEDIGREE 1340 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY IIC, POLYPEPTIDE 19; CYP2C19
HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME; HGPS LAMIN A/C; LMNA
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME TETRALOGY OF FALLOT
TRANSLOCATED CHROMOSOME FUMARATE HYDRATASE; FH
EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME, TYPE VII, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 2; RECQL2
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES ROTHMUND-THOMSON SYNDROME; RTS
ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA; AT
IMR-90 - SV40 VIRUS-TRANSFORMED FETAL LUNG FIBROBLAST
NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - CHARACTERIZED MUTATIONS RECQ PROTEIN-LIKE 2; RECQL2 WERNER SYNDROME; WRN REPLICATION FOCUS-FORMING ACTIVITY 1, INCLUDED; FFA1, INCLUDED NIA AGING CELL REPOSITORY DNA PANEL - AGING SYNDROMES
A immortal cell line cell that has the characteristics: Fibroblast-like cells derived from African Savannah Elephant. Primary cultured cells. Elephant cell lines require import and export permits according to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES).
Derived from tissue: ear in animal: African Savannah Elephant.
A immortal cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pupal ovary hemocyte.
Derived from tissue: pupal ovary in animal: butterfly,swallow t..
A immortal cell line cell that has the characteristics: Eel hepatocyte. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: eel.
Derived from tissue: pupal ovary in animal: moth.
A immortal cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly susceptible to nuclear polyhedrosis virus.
Derived from tissue: fat body, larval in animal: moth, mulberry tiger.
Originator: Mitsuhashi,Jun & Inoue, Hajime
A immortal cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cold water fish cell line. Cultured at 25 C. Relatively large chromosomes (Mode 23).
Derived from tissue: fin, caudal in animal: mudminnow, Central.
A immortal cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung fibroblastic cell line derived from Tupaia belangeri. Tupaia cell lines require import and export permits according to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES).
Derived from tissue: lung in animal: tupaia.
Originator: Inui, Naomichi & Taketomi, Masako
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from primary effusion lymphoma (PEL).
Derived from tissue: ascites in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human bile duct carcinoma. This cell line produces carbohydrate antigen 19/9 in serum-free medium. TKG0389(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: bile duct, ascites meta in animal: human.
Originator: Miyagiwa, M. (Okayama Univ.)
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. TKG0367(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: common bile duct in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: High level of EGF receptor
Derived from tissue: epidermoid carcinoma in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derivd from epidermoid carcinoma. TKG0182 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from osteosarcoma.
Derived from tissue: femur in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: It was initiated from a malignant gestational choriocarcinoma of the fetal placenta. Need to check response to hormones before use. Back up culture of ECA2687.
Derived from tissue: fetal placenta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese gallbladder carcinoma from the same patient of TGBC1TKB.
Derived from tissue: gallbladder in animal: human.
Originator: Todoroki, T. & Ohno, T. & Kim, B.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese gallbladder tumor passed through a nude mouse.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from gallbladder carcinoma. TKG0642 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese gallbladder carcinoma established from metastated ascite. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: gallbladder, ascites meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese gallbadder carcinoma metastated to lymph node from the same patient of TGBC2TKB. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: gallbladder, lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human lymphoid cell line derived from Burkitt's lymphoma. Tumorigenic in nude mouse.TKG0607 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: ileocecal lymph node meta in animal: human.
Originator: Hayashi, Yutaka (Tohoku University)
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human rhabdomyosarcoma showing myogenic differentiation. TGFbeta inhibits it. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: left forearm in animal: human.
Originator: Ogose, Akira & Motoyama, Teiichi
Derived from tissue: left humerus in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from myxofibrosarcoma.
Derived from tissue: left knee in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung adenocarcinoma
Derived from tissue: lung in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung carcinoma, refer to ATCC CCL185
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung Cancer-1/squamous, floating variant, the same patient as RCB0455 LC-1/sq.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese lung squamous carcinoma.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small cell carcinoma, classic type. See Lu-134-B.
Originator: Terasaki, T. & Shimosato, Y.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small cell carcinoma, classic type. See Lu-134-A.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small cell carcinoma, variant type
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small cell carcinoma, classic type
Originator: Tsumuraya, M. & Nakajima, T.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small cell carcimoma, classic type
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40 transformed human lung fibroblast.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human lung cancer derived cell.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung cancer. Oat cell type.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung cancer. Small cell carcinoma.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung giant cell carcinoma cell line derived from human. TKG0495 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Originator: Hirohashi, S. and Shimosatao, Y.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line. TKG0481(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung cancer. Small cell carcinoma. TKG0503(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.)
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung cancer. Small cell carcinoma. Mouse WA-mFib cells are the stromal cells for this cell line.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human lung giant cell carcinoma cell line. TKG0496 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Transformed in vitro with carcinogen
Originator: Huh, Nam, Ho (Nanba, Masayoshi)
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40-transformed WI-38.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Parent cell line of LC/sq-SFthe same patient as RCB0439 LC-F. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung small cell carcinoma producing insulin-like growth factor II. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese lung adenocarcinoma, highly metastatic in SCID mice. Also refer to RCB0444 RCRF-LC-AI. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small lung carcinoma. PTHrP producing.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung squamous cell carcinoma. Many granules are found in cytoplasma. HLA-A 11/24. TKG0301 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Originator: Kobayashi, SyunsukeS. (Tohoku Univ.)
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung cancer. Small cell carcinoma. TKG0244(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung cancer. Adenocarcinoma. TKG0177 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung cancer. Small cell carcinoma. TKG0245(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung cancer. Large cell carcinoma. TKG0181(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal human lung fibroblast.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal embryonic lung fibroblast.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung adenosquamous cell carcinoma. HLA A2402/, B5201/, Cw01201/.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung adenocarcinoma. HLA A2402/2402, B5201/5401, C0102/1202.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung large cell carcinoma. HLA A0206/2601, B0702/3501, Cw0702/0801.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human lung carcinoma cell line. TKG0442(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human lung small cell carcinoma cell line. ADH producing.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40-transformed, 6TG-resistant and HAT-sensitive.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human immortalized cell line derived from MRC5 cells.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line.TKG0494 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung adenocarcinoma cells.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung Cancer-1/squamous, serum-free cultured
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lung adenocarcinoma cells. Differentiated type. Previous name:PC-14(RCB0446)
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human lung cancer cell line expressing capsid protein of human adenovirus.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producing high level of anti-diuretic hormone.
Derived from tissue: lung, lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung large cell carcinoma producing CSF. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from synovial sarcoma.
Derived from tissue: lung, pleural effusion in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Adenocarcinoma, moderately diffirentiated. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: lung, pleural fluid in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human large cell lung carcinoma. Taken from skin metastasis. In vivo-in vitro clonogenic assay.
Derived from tissue: lung, skin meta in animal: human.
Originator: Miyamoto, Tadaaki, Takiguchi, Yuichi
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese lung large cell carcinoma
Originator: Miyamoto, Tadaaki & Takiguchi,Yuichi
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Malignant melanoma from lympho node.
Derived from tissue: lymph node in animal: human.
Originator: Ono, Isao & Isahiwata, Isamu &Isahikawa, Hiroshi
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Fas-antigen expressing. Ligation with anti-Fas mAb does not induce apoptosis.
Derived from tissue: lymph node, B-lymphoma in animal: human.
Originator: Miyazawa, Keisuke & Uchida, Yoshiko
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: EB transformed B cell line
Derived from tissue: lymphoblast in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphoblastoid cell line (RCB2288 211-LCL) transformed with APR-MUC1 and PRC-MUC1 cDNAs. TKG0615(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: lymphoblastoid in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human derived T cell line. HTLV-1 pro-virus DNA(+). TKG0369 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: lymphocytes (T cell ) in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human T cell line derived from acute T cell leukemia. TKG0377 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: lymphoid,T-leukemia in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human malignant pleural mesothelioma cell line.
Derived from tissue: malignant pleural mesothelioma, pleural fluid in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human fibrous histiocytoma. Showing fibroblastic- and histiocytic features.
Derived from tissue: maxilla in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese maxillary simus squamous carcinoma
Derived from tissue: maxillary sinus in animal: human.
Originator: Wakamatu, Yoshiko & Miyake, Masahiko
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Melanin producing. Originated from the same site of HMV-I.
Derived from tissue: melanoma in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human melanoma, spindle-shaped. Said DOPA (+). Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: melanoma, ascites meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Serum-free medium-adapted MMAc cells. For SF culture, + insulin, hEGF, hydrocortisone, bovine pituit
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from neroblastoma of adrenal gland. TKG0468(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: neuroblastoma, adrenal gland in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: G-CSF and IL-1 producing oral squamous cell carcinoma, the same patient as T3M-1 Clone2 and CJM.
Derived from tissue: oral cavity in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: G-CSF producing oral squamous cell carcinoma, the same patient as T3M-1 Cl-10 and CJM. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from metastasis of cancer occurred in oral cavity, the same patient as T3M-1 Clone2 and T3M-1 Cl-10.
Derived from tissue: oral, the thoracic cavity meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: v-Ki-ras transformant TE85 cell line. HAT sensitive, neo resistant.
Derived from tissue: osteosarcoma in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from osteosarcoma. TKG0452(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from pancreatic cancer. TKG0492 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: pancreas in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from pancreatic cancer. TKG0227(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.)
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from pancreatic cancer. Ductal origin. TKG0606(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.)
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from pancreatic cancer. TKG0630(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from pancreatic cancer. RCB1972 is derived from the same patient. TKG0490 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human pancreatic carcinoma cell line. RCB2138 is derived from the same patient.TKG0239(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human pancreatic carcinoma cell line, the same patient as RCB2141. TKG0491(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from pancreatic carcinoma. RCB1973 is derived from the same patient. TKG0493(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma. PTHrP producing.
Derived from tissue: pancreas, ascites meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma. Mother cell line of KP4-1, -2, and -3.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from liver metastasis of pancreas carcinoma. TKG0383 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: pancreas, liver meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma producing CEA. K-ras activated. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: pancreas, lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: 3 cell lines from different metastases were established from the same patient. See TGBC51TKB. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: papilla vater, liver meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: 3 cell lines from different metastases were established from the same patient. See TGBC50TKB.
Derived from tissue: papilla vater, lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: 3 cell lines from different metastases were established from the same patient. See TGBC52TKB.
Derived from tissue: papilla vater, peritoneum meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Isolated from a patient with hiper dopaminemia andnorepinephrinemia.
Derived from tissue: pelvic tumor in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Benign mature tridermal teratoma.
Derived from tissue: peritoneum in animal: human.
Originator: Ishiwata, I. & Ono, I. & Ishikawa, H.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Methotrexate(MTX)-resistant K562 cell line
Derived from tissue: pleural effusion in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Expressing P2U receptor acting in signal transduction pathway.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of K562. Resistant to adriamycin. TKG0211 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cloned U-937, differentiate with TNF
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human CML derived cell line. Deposited directly from the institution that has established this cell.
Originator: Lozzio, C.B. & Lozzio, B.B.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from chronic myelogenous leukemia. Differentiate into mature erythrocytes. TKG0210 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of K562 cell line. Resistant to vincristine. TKG0212 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chronic myelogenous leukemia, sensitive to NK cell. Differentiate to erythroid cells .
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from retinoblastoma.
Derived from tissue: retinoblastoma in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human retinoblastoma cell line.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from retinoblastoma. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human retinoblastoma cell line derived from cervical lymph node metastasis.
Derived from tissue: retinoblastoma, cervical lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from schwannoma. TKG0454 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: right arm in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from malignant melanoma. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: right heel in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.
Derived from tissue: right thigh in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human sacrococcigeal teratoma.
Derived from tissue: sacrococcygeal in animal: human.
Originator: Ishiwata, I. & Ono, I. & Ishi kawa, H.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Osteogenic sarcoma
Derived from tissue: sarcoma in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rare peripheral neuroectodermal tumor cells. Use collagen-coated dish.
Derived from tissue: scapula, pleural fluid in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocyte transformed with SV40 T antigen. Respond to IL-1beta.
Derived from tissue: synovial in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from T cell leukemia. TKG0563(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: T acute lymphoblastic leukemia in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from Hodgkin's lymphoma. TKG0198(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: T cell leukemia in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human neuroblastoma cell line. TKG0460(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: unknown in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST).
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from epithelioid sarcoma. Derived from a different patient from the patient of HS-ES-1 cell line.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from epithelioid sarcoma. Derived from a different patient from the patient of HS-ES-2M, 2R cell lines.
Derived from tissue: unknown, lung meta in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Squamous carcinoma cells derived from human oral cancer.
Derived from tissue: upper gingiva in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell line derived from human. Transplantable in nude mouse.
Derived from tissue: urachus in animal: human.
A immortal human cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese choriocarcinoma cell line. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: uterine in animal: human.
A immortal cat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cat cell line derived from lymphoma.
Derived from tissue: lymphoma in animal: cat.
A immortal frog cell line cell that has the characteristics: Frog (Xenopus laevis) cell line derived from liver.
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: frog.
A immortal frog cell line cell that has the characteristics: Melanophore derived cell line. Derived from Rana nigromaculata. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: frog.
A immortal frog cell line cell that has the characteristics: Melanophore derived cell line. Derived from Rana porosa brevipoda (albino). Cell growth is slow.
A immortal frog cell line cell that has the characteristics: Frog (Xenopus laevis) cell line derived from subcutaneous tumor.
Derived from tissue: subcutaneous in animal: frog.
A immortal frog cell line cell that has the characteristics: Frog (Xenopus laevis) cell line derived from tadpole.
Derived from tissue: tadpole in animal: frog.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: frog, albino.
A immortal hybrid cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human hybrid (T and B lymphoblast) cell line. Fusion cll line between 174 and CEM.T2. This hybrid cells do not express MHC class II. HLA-A2 positive.TKG 0599(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: hybrid cell in animal: human.
A immortal hybrid cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat thymoma cell line fused to mouse cells during nude-mouse transplantation. Mouse chr. 5, 15, 17.
Derived from tissue: hybrid cell in animal: mouse x rat.
Originator: Lu, Jin & Matsuyama, Mutsushi
A immortal hybrid cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat thymoma cell line fused to mouse cells during nude-mouse transplantation. Mouse chr. 5,7,15,17.
A immortal zebra fish cell line cell that has the characteristics: Zebrafish fin fibroblast. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: scale in animal: zebrafish.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human myeloma. Lambda- chain producing.
Derived from tissue: myeloma, subcutaneous in animal: human.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Ehrlich's ascite tumor
Derived from tissue: ascites in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: 9,10-dimethyl-1,2benzanthracene induced lymphoma. Back up culture of ECA2504.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly metastatic and drug-resistant mouse tumor
Derived from tissue: lung in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rapidly growing lymphoma
Derived from tissue: lymph node in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly sensitive to X-ray irradiation
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Resistant to 6TG, isolated from M10
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse lymphoid tumor, macrophage like. Buck-up culture of ECA85051501.
Derived from tissue: lymphoid tumor in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Natural killer cell-sensitive mouse lymphoma.
Derived from tissue: lymphoma in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: IL-3 dependent mouse myeloid cells. MoLV induced.
Derived from tissue: myeloid in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Differentiate to macrophage and granulocyte
Derived from tissue: myeloid leukemia in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Myeloma
Derived from tissue: myeloma in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from neuroblastoma. TKG0509(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: neuroblastoma in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cytotoxic T-cell line. IL-2 dependent.
Derived from tissue: T cell in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from fibrosarcoma. TNF resistant. BALB/c strain. TKG0281(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: fibrosarcoma in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from fibrosarcoma. TNF sensitive. BALB/c strain. TKG0282(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from spontaneous malignant fibrous histiocytoma. A/J strain. TKG0497(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: left leg in animal: mouse, A/J.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from neuroblastoma. TKG0307 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: neuroblastoma in animal: mouse, A/J.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly metastatic neuroblastoma
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from lymphoma. A/Sn strain. TKG0387 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: lymphoma in animal: mouse, A/Sn.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of OP9 cell line, expressing DLL1 and human NGF receptor. See RCB2120 TSt-4/N-DLL1.
Derived from tissue: newborn, calvaria in animal: mouse, B6C3Fe-a/a, op.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of OP9 cell line, expressing human NGF receptor. Cell growth is slow. See RCB2119 TSt-4/N.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of OP9 cell line, expressing EGFP. Cell growth is slow. See RCB2117 TSt-4/G.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of OP9 cell line, expressing DLL1 and EGFP. Cell growth is slow. See RCB2118 TSt-4/G-DLL1.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from ascites. Macrophage-like cells. BALB/c strain. TKG0208(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: ascites in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Macrophage-like cell
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from lymphoma. Balb/c strain. TKG0571 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: lymphoma in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
Derived from tissue: myeloid in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from myelomonocytic leukemia cells. BALB/c strain. TKG0584(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: myelomonocyte in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from bone marrow. Fibroblast-like. 6TG resistant. BALB/c strain. TKG0350(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: normal bone marrow, tibia, femur in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse osteosarcoma cell line. Transplantable to mouse and form bone tissue in mouse.
Derived from tissue: soft tissue tumor in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: A highly metastatic cell line derived from Dunn's osteosarcoma (C3H mouse origin).
Derived from tissue: bone in animal: mouse, C3H.
Originator: Aoki, Yasuaki & Ueda, Ueda, Takafumi
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse ES (RCB1778 H-1) cell derived cell, useful for study of hematopoiesis.
Derived from tissue: ES cell (H-1) in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: In vivo transplantable highly metastatic sarcoma
Derived from tissue: fibrosarcoma in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma. Metastatic to lung.
Derived from tissue: back in animal: mouse, C57BCF1.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse osteoblast-like cell line derived from Runx2 deficient mouse.
Derived from tissue: calvaria in animal: mouse, C57BL/6.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Choroid plexus carcinoma cell line transfected with IgH enhancer-SV40 T fusion gene. Different shape
Derived from tissue: choroid in animal: mouse, C57BL/6.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Choroid plexus carcinoma cell line transfected with IgH enhancer-SV40 T fusion gene.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse-derived gingival epithelial cell line. Derived from SV40-Large T antigen transgenic mouse.
Derived from tissue: gingival kerarinocyte in animal: mouse, C57BL/6.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Differentiate to osteoblasts. Collagen producing.
Derived from tissue: newborn, calvaria in animal: mouse, C57BL/6.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from Swiss Webster Sarcoma 180. CFW strain. TKG0637(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: sarcoma, ascitic tumor in animal: mouse, CFW.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from sarcoma cells in ascites. CFW strain. TKG0672(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from sarcoma cells in ascites. CFW strain. TKG0638(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from leukemia. Resistant to 6TG (10 microgram/ml). DBA/2 strain. TKG0478 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: leukemia in animal: mouse, DBA/2.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from lung squamous cell carcinoma. TKG0473 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: lung in animal: mouse, DBA/2.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from lung squamous cell carcinoma. TKG0214 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from lymphoid tumor. DBA/2 strain. TKG0292 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: lymphoid tumor in animal: mouse, DBA/2.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from lymphoid tumor. DBA/2 strain. TKG0326(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse mastocytoma. Used as a target cells for cytotoxic T cell assays.
Derived from tissue: mastocytoma in animal: mouse, DBA/2.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse T cell line transformed by Gross leukemia virus.
Derived from tissue: T cell in animal: mouse, H-2k.
A immortal mouse cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from meyloid leukemia. TKG0319 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: myeloid leukemia in animal: mouse, SJ.
A immortal endothelial cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse vascular endothelial cell line. Transformed by ultraviolet.
Derived from tissue: vascular endothelial cell in animal: mouse,(BALB/c×C57BL/6)(CB6)F1.
A immortal mononuclear phagocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: T cell line derived from Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)
Derived from tissue: peripheral blood mononuclear cells in animal: chimpanzee.
A immortal mononuclear phagocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA: A0206 and A2402. TKG0585 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: peripheral blood mononuclear cells in animal: human.
Originator: Kudo, T. (IDAC Tohoku Univ.)
A immortal dendritic cell line cell that has the characteristics: Folicular dendritic cells derived from pituitary gland of temperature-sensitive T antigen transgenic mouse.
Derived from tissue: anterior pituitary gland in animal: mouse, C57BL.
A immortal blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Susceptible to nuclear polyhedrosis virus
Derived from tissue: blood, larval in animal: armyworm, cabbage.
Originator: Mitsuhashi,Jun & Shozawa,Akiko
A immortal blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: larval hemocyte
Originator: Mitsuhashi, J. & Shozawa, A.
A immortal blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Spont. transformant from choroid retina. Only slightly reactive to Factor VIII.
Derived from tissue: blood vessel endothelium in animal: monkey, rhesus.
A immortal connective tissue cell line cell that has the characteristics: Protein- & lipid-free medium growing
Derived from tissue: connective tissue in animal: mouse.
Originator: Katsuta,Hajim Takaoka,Toshiko
A immortal connective tissue cell line cell that has the characteristics: Thymidine kinase defective L cell
A immortal connective tissue cell line cell that has the characteristics: Sanford's original, brought by Katsuta at 7/5/1955. Insensitive to TNFalpha. Possible to culture in MEM medium.
A immortal connective tissue cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line. TKG0217 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal connective tissue cell line cell that has the characteristics: TNFalpha-sensitive L929. Do not confuse with RCB0081 L929 that is insensitive to TNFalpha.
A immortal connective tissue cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from connective tissue. Fibroblast-like. C3H strain. TKG0218 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: connective tissue in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal connective tissue cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of LAG (RCB2758) expressing MUC1. 8-Ag resistant. TKG0466(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal connective tissue cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat fibroblast-like cell line that can be transformed by oncogenes.
Derived from tissue: connective tissue in animal: rat.
A hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse T cell hybridoma expressing double HA-tag alone.
Derived from tissue: T cell hybridoma in animal: mouse.
A hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse T cell hybridoma (DO-11.10) expressing double HA-tagged HS1BP3 (HS1 SH3 domain binding protein)-C2.
A hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse T cell hybridoma (DO-11.10) expressing double Myc-tagged HS1BP3 (HS1 SH3 domain binding protein)-C2 .
A hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse T cell hybridoma (DO-11.10) expressing double HA-tagged HS1BP3 (HS1 SH3 domain binding protein).
A hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse T cell hybridoma ((DO-11.10)expressing double HA-tagged HS1BP3 (HS1 SH3 domain binding protein)-C2.
A hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: IL-5 producing T-cell hybridoma. Culture sup is useful for T88-M cell culture.
A immortal spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: T cell line derived from Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)
Derived from tissue: spleen in animal: monkey, cynomolgus.
A immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Frog (Xenopus laevis) cell line derived from kidney.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: frog.
A immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Susceptible to rubella virus, equiv. to ATCC CCL37
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: rabbit.
A immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rabbit kidney cell line transformed by SV40 large T antigen. Derived from renal proximal tubules.
A immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rabbit kidney cell line transformed by SV40 large T antigen. Derived from renal distal tubules.
A immortal kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rabbit kidney cell line transformed by SV40 large T antigen. Derived from renal cortical collecting tubules.
A immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly metastatic sarcoma, synthesize hematoside
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: hamster.
A immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly metastatic sarcoma
A immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Initially insulin and glucagon producing, but not now. See RCB0795,0796,0797.
Derived from tissue: embryo, pancreas in animal: human.
A immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human embryonic pancreas-derived cell line. See RCB0794,0795,0796.
A immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human embryonic pancreas-derived cell line. See RCB0794,0796,0797.
A immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human embryonic pancreas-derived cell line. See RCB0794,0795,0797.
A immortal embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Primary culture of suncus whole embryo
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: suncus.
A immortal somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: N-myc gene amplification
Derived from tissue: nervous system in animal: human.
A immortal somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: N-myc gene unamplified tumor. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: neuroblastoma in animal: human.
A immortal somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: N-myc gene amplification. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from neuroblastoma. TKG0448(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Neuroblastoma, a target in CTL assay
A immortal somatic nervous system-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of GOTO. Protein-free medium adapted. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hepatocyte from the fish, Tilapia (Oreocheomis niloticus). Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: tilapia.
A immortal pituitary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pituitary folliculo-stellate-like cells. GFAP positive and S-100 positive.
Derived from tissue: pituitary in animal: mouse.
A immortal pituitary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Macrophage-like tumor dependent on L929 conditioned medium.
A immortal bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bone marrow stroma cell line, depositing calcified matrix on the culture surface. TRAP-positive.
Derived from tissue: bone marrow in animal: hamster, Syrian.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-human lung carcinoma mAb (IgM). Possible to culture in serum-free medium.
Derived from tissue: hybridoma in animal: human x human.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing anti-E antigen of the human Rh blood group system
Derived from tissue: hybridoma in animal: human x mouse.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against MuSc.
Derived from tissue: hybridoma in animal: mouse x hamster.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against mouse apolipoprotein E.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybrid cell line of C3H mouse mammary tumor cell, FM3A#2, and 8-Ag resistant L cell. TKG0381(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: hybrid cell , FM3A#2 x L cell (8-Ag resistant) in animal: mouse x mouse.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma that produce anti-human G1MF (allotype of IgG1) antibody.
Derived from tissue: hybridoma in animal: mouse x mouse.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-SV40 large T antigen mAb (IgG)
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti poly(ADP-ribose) IgG3 kappa producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: MoAb IgM to sea urchin sperm dynein IC2.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) mAb (IgG2b). Possible to culture in serum-free medium
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-rabbit muscle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mAb (IgG). Serum-free culturable.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producing anti-human CD36 MoAb.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-chicken IgM antibody secreting. Able to stimulate DT40 cell surface antigen.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-recA protein mAb (IgG1)
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: MoAb IgG1 to sea urchin sperm dynein IC2.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: MoAb IgM to sea urchin sperm dynein alpha-heavy chain.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: MoAb IgM to sea urchin sperm dynein beta-heavy chain.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: MoAb IgG1 to sea urchin sperm dynein IC3.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producing IgG MoAb against human 29 kDa lectin detectable in many human tumors. Also see HH17-4.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producing IgG MoAb against human 29 kDa lectin detectable in many human tumors. Also see HH13-1.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma against differentiated PC-12 cell surface
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-ribonuclease A antibody producing.
Originator: Suga, Ken-ichi & Omasa, Takeshi
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) mAb (IgG1). Possible to culture in serum-free medium.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-chick αB-crystallin MoAb producing. Bacteria(+), therefore, must add penicillin+streptomycin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-chick β5-crystallin MoAb producing. Bacteria(+), therefore, must add penicillin+streptomycin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-chick β6-crystallin MoAb producing. Bacteria(+), therefore, must add penicillin+streptomycin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-newt γ1-crystallin MoAb producing. Bacteria(+), therefore, must add penicillin+streptomycin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-pertussis toxin subunit S-2,3 MoAb (IgG1) producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-pertussis toxin subunit S-2 MoAb (IgG1) producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-pertussis toxin subunit S-3 MoAb (IgG1) producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-pertussis toxin subunit S-4 MoAb (IgG1) producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: MoAb to Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin (phospholipase C).
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: MoAb to Clostridium perfringens theta-toxin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-chick αA-crystallin MoAb producing. Bacteria(+), therefore, must add penicillin+streptomycin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-lactotetraosylceramide antibody producing. Discriminates metastatic cells from mesothelial cell
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-recA protein mAb (IgG2b)
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against Medaka Vitellogenin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-chick δ-crystallin MoAb producing. Bacteria(+), therefore, must add penicillin+streptomycin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: MoAb IgM to sea urchin sperm dynein IC1.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against tetrodotoxin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against domoic acid.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against gonyautoxin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against Broad bean wilt virus 2 22-kDa coat protein.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against N-linked neutral oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
Register: Kawashima, Ikuo (Tai, Tadashi)
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against F1-linked neutral oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against M1-linked neutral oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against ganglioside lactones.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against N-glycolylneuraminic acid-containing gangliosides (GD3 gangliosides).
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against GD2 gangliosides (b-pathway gangliosides).
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against GQ1ba gangliosides.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against 2-3NeuAca-nLc4Cer gangliosides.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against nLc4Cer.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against SGPG.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against GalCer.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against Sulfatide.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against Globoside.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-pertussis toxin subunit S-1 MoAb (IgG2a) producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing antibody against the purified basal apparatus of sperm of the an-1 strain of fern Lygodium.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against mouse JDP2.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against differentiated PC-12 cell surface molecules.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against GD1c gangliosides.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against a surface antigen of small cell carcinoma of lung.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-pertussis toxin subunit S-1 MoAb (IgG1) producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-human-myeloperoxidase MoAb producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on pharynx.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on P-granule.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on P-granule and body wall muscle.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on body wall muscle.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that seam cell.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on pharynx basement membrane.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on centrosome.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on hypodermis.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on egg shell.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against WASP (Wiscott-Aldolich syndrome protein). TKG0631 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on P-granule and pharynx.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on centrosome and P-granule.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against GD1b gangliosides.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti human c-myc p62 mAb (IgG1.kappa)
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Responding to IL-6 in the bioassay.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against N-glycolylneuraminic acid-containing gangliosides (GM3 gangliosides).
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against latexin.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against C-terminal peptide of rat GSK3-beta.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on intestine.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against oxitocin receptor.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against a peptide, GYPGQV.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) MoAb producing.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against mouse JDP2. The antibody recognizes a truncated from of JDP2.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Anti-thymine dimer antibody producing. Serum-free cultured hybridoma.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against an antigen of C. elegans embryo. Antigen is not determined but that on nuclear membrane.
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: S. cerevisiae Endo.Sce I large subunit mAb (IgG2b)
A mouse x mouse hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma. Anti-Rat Carboxypeptidase M MoAb producing.
A immortal cornea-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40-Adeno vector transformed cornea cells. 64kD keratin producing. Choleratoxin-free medium.
Derived from tissue: cornea in animal: human.
A immortal cornea-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: This cell line is provided only in Japan.
A immortal cornea-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Fibroblast-like cell line derived from rabbit.
Derived from tissue: cornea in animal: rabbit.
A immortal cornea-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal rabbit cornea cells. Usually transform spontaneously during serial culture.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of CHO cells. Require proline. TKG0328(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: ovary in animal: chinese hamster.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: SPB-1 derivative complemented the Serine-palmitoyl transferase deficiency.
Derived from tissue: ovary in animal: hamster, Chinese.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: LY-B derivative complemented the Serine-palmitoyl transferase (LCB1 subunit) deficiency.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of CHO-K1 that expresses human leukotriene B4 receptor (BLT1).
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of CHO-K1 that expresses human leukotriene B4 receptor (BLT2).
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Serine-palmitoyl transferase deficient (temperature-sensitive) cells derived from CHO-K1 cell line.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Serine-palmitoyl transferase (LCB1 subunit) deficient cells derived from CHO-K1 cell line.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Nalidixic acid sensitive mutant. Also sensitive toVP-16 and VM-26 Topo II inhibitors.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of CHO-K1 cell line in which trafficking of ceramide is deficient
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of LY-A in which human CERT cDNA are expressed and trafficking of ceramide is recovered
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the CHO-K1 cell line. Widely used for the isolation of repair-deficient mutants. Useful for gene mutation assays at the APRT and HPRT loci.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chinese hamster ovary cell line. Widely used for the isolation of mutants by mutagenesis.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of CHO cells. Derived from CHO-K1 cell line. Serum-free medium adapted.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: CHO-K1 maintained in suspension culture.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Widely used cell line, especially for biotechnol
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the CHO-K1 cell line. X-ray-sensitive mutant derived from CHO-AA8 cell line. XRCC1 gene deficient.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the CHO-K1 cell line. X-ray-sensitive mutant derived from CHO-AA8 cell line. XRCC3 gene deficient.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the CHO-K1 cell line. X-ray-sensitive mutant. XRCC4 gene deficient.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of CHO-K1 that expresses human platelet activating factor receptor.
A immortal Chinese hamster animal ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the CHO-K1 cell line. X-ray-sensitive mutant derived from CHO-AA8 cell line. XRCC7(DNA-PK) gene deficient.
A immortal human umbilical cord-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal umbilical card fibroblast, female
Derived from tissue: umbilical cord in animal: human.
A immortal human umbilical cord-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal umbilical cord fibroblast, female
A immortal human umbilical cord-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal umbilical cord fibroblast, male
A immortal human umbilical cord-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human mesenchymal cell line derived from umbilical cord blood. Immortalized by hTERT.
Derived from tissue: umbilical cord blood in animal: human.
A immortal human umbilical cord-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human mesenchymal cell line derived from umbilical cord blood. Immortalized by HPV E6, E7, and hTERT.
A immortal human embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human fibroblast-like cells derived from embryo. Not immortalized.
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: human.
A immortal human embryo-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from embryonic fibroblasts. Characteristics Embryonal fibroblast immortalized by 60-Co irradiation (400 Rad x 1 time and 200 rad x 12 times). Non-tumorigenic. TKG0482 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: embryonal fibroblast in animal: human.
A immortal cattle cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bovine leukemia virus producing. Surface Ig (+).
Derived from tissue: blood in animal: bovine.
A immortal cattle cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bovine B cell leukemia without virus production
A immortal cattle cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bovine granulosa cell line.
Derived from tissue: granulosa cell in animal: bovine.
A immortal cattle cell line cell that has the characteristics: Useful for bovine virus testing
Derived from tissue: lymph node in animal: bovine.
A immortal cattle cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells producing angiotensin-converting enzyme. Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) positive. Backup of ECA86111401.
Derived from tissue: pulmonary artery endothelium in animal: bovine.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from B cells in umbilical cord blood. Transformed by EB virus. TKG0305(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: cord blood lymphocytes in animal: human.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from p180-BCR-ABL dependent leukemia.
Derived from tissue: peripheral blood lymphocytes in animal: human.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lymphoblastoid cell line established by EBV infection from XP patient, variant type. TKG0309 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Originator: Tohda, H. (IDAC Tohoku Univ.)
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cells derived from a patient of xeroderma pigmentosum. Transformed by Epstein-Barr virus. TKG0313(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome (questionable) patient's skin. The same patient as GMC0025.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. The same patient as GMC0002.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. The same patient as GMC0012.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome (questionable) patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. The same patient as GMC0014.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus.The same patient as GMC0022.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome (questionable) patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome (questionable) patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. The same patient as GMC0024.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome (questionable) patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. The same patient as GMC0027.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. he same patient as GMC0028.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. The same patient as GMC0031.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from Werner syndrome patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. The same patient as GMC0036.
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. TKG0614(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human lymphocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell line derived from xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patient and transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. TKG0312(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cabbage armyworm cell line applicable to large scaale production of insect virus.
Derived from tissue: fat body, larval in animal: armyworm, cabbage.
Originator: Inoue, Hajime & Mitsuhashi,Jun
A immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Larval fat body hemocyte.
Originator: Inoue,Hajime & Mitsuhashi, Jun
A immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cabbage armyworm cell line applicable to large scale insect virus production.
Originator: Inoue,Hajime & Mitsuhashi,Jun
A immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Sensitive to nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Possible to grow in sea-water based low-cost medium.
A immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Insect cell line derived from Mamestra brassicae
Derived from tissue: larval in animal: armyworm, cabbage.
A immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Insect cell line derived from Mamestra brassicae. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Show finely branched cytoplasmic processes
Derived from tissue: pupal ovary in animal: armyworm, cabbage.
A immortal cabbage moth larva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Susceptible to insect viruses.
Derived from tissue: fat body in animal: armyworm, common.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly susceptible to SV40 infection
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: monkey, African green.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: 35 copies of CAG-loxP-neopA-loxP-LacZ were tandemly inserted. Cre will delete neopA and induce LacZ.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40 large T antigen expressing, derived from CV-1
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A copy of CAG-loxP-neopA-loxP-LacZ was inserted. Cre will delete neopA and induce LacZ.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: CAG-loxP-neopA-loxP-LacZ(incomplete) was inserted. Control cell line for 2-2 and 2-7 cells.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Expressing SV40 tsA58 large T antigen. Possible to culture in protein-free MEM. G418-resistant.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Expressing SV40 tsA58 large T antigen. Verots S3 cultured in protein-free MEM. G418-resistant.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Culturable in proein-free MEM supplemented with biotin.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: No interferon production, best for vaccine product.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of COS cell line expressing Fucci, a marker of cell cycle.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cynomolgus monkey cell line. Possible to culture in DMEM medium. See RCB0456.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: monkey, cynomolgus.
A immortal monkey kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cynomolgus monkey cell line.
A mouse x rat hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against mouse B7-H1.
Derived from tissue: hybridoma in animal: mouse x rat.
A mouse x rat hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody against mouse B7-H1. Possible to culture in RPMI1640 medium.
A mouse x rat hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against GFP. Rat IgG2a monoclonal antibody.
A mouse x rat hybridoma cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody against bacterial unknown molecule. Rat IgG2a monoclonal antibody.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Non-contact inhibited
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of KOP cell line. Zeocin-resistant.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of KOP cell line, expressing FLAG-tagged EXIP. Zeocin-resistant.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of KOP cell line, expressing FLAG-tagged p38 MAP kinase. Zeocin-resistant.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line lacking p38 MAP kinase expression.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Tioguanine- and ouabain-resistant and HAT-sensitive fibroblasts. Suitable for ES cell feeder layer. Back up culture of ECA85061804.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: RBP-J deficient mouse fibroblasts
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control cell line for OT11 (normal fibroblasts derived from the same mouse strain)
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse teratoma-derived cell line. Parent cell line of ATDC5.
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: mouse, 129.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from embryonal carcinoma. Expressing laminin alpha-5 exogenously.
Originator: Hayashi, Yoshitake (Nagoys Univ.)
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Differentiate to chondrocytes, unidentifiable pigment cells. Teratocarcinoma AT805 derived.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from embryonal carcinoma. 129 strain. TKG0519(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse teratoma-derived cell line.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Said to differentiate to parietal endoderm with retinoic acid and dibutyryl cAMP.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of mouse ES cell line, F9 (129), lacking Odf2.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Siblings of RGB3T3-1, contact-inhibited
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Contact-inhibited semi-normal cell line
Originator: Aaronson, S.A. & Todaro, G.T.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Original cloned line from RCB, just like BALB/3T3
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from embryonal carcinoma. C3H strain. Following differentiation, beating cardiomyocytes appear. The efficiency of differentiation is lower compared to RCB 2318.
Derived from tissue: embryonal carcinoma in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from embryonal carcinoma. C3H strain. Following differentiation, beating cardiomyocytes appear efficiently.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Clone 8, Contact-inhibited semi-normal
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of A-6. Dependent on SCF and IL-6 for proliferation. Differentiate to erythroid cells by IL-3.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line. TKG0299 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: mouse, NIH Swiss.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Spontaneous transformant of NIH3T3
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40 large T (tsA58)-pBR322 tarnsformed NIH3T3.
Originator: Ohno, Tadao & Abe, Shin-ichiro
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: NIH3T3 transformant expressing human activated k-ras-2.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: pSV2neo-introduced G418-resistant Cle-H3 mutant.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subclone of NIH3T3
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: High-titer producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus. A subline of ψCRIP.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse GM-CSF cDNA
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: High-titer producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-1alpha cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: High-titer producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-1 receptor antagonist cDNA
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: High-titer producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-2 cDNA
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-3 cDNA
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-6 cDNA
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-7 cDNA
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-10 cDNA
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-12 cDNA for p40 subunit. Refer RCB1099.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-12 cDNA for p35 subunit. Refer RCB1098.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse TNF-alpha gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including human TNF-alpha cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse lymphotoxin cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse G-CSF gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including human M-CSF gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: High-titer producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IFN-gamma cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including human MIF cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse leukemia inhibitory factor cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse kit ligand (SCF) cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including human oncostatin M cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse B7 (CD80) cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse B7-2 (CD86) cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including the trancated form of mouse IFN-gamma cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including rabbit IL-1 receptor antagonist cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including rat GM-CSF cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including neo gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including HSV thymidine kinase cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse c-src cDNA with ts mutation.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: High-titer producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse c-src cDNA with ts mutation.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: High-titer producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including SV40 large T temperature-sensitive cDNA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express human VIP receptor and blasticidin S deaminase gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Producer of MoMLV-derived retrovirus including mouse IL-4 cDNA
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Retrovirus producer. Produce virus to express human Bax protein.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express angiotensin receptor.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express the human CD82.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express the anti-apoptotic crmA.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express the human endothelin receptor.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express the mouse calcineurin.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express lac Z.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express SV40 large T antigen.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express human MSH receptor.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express Cre recombinase.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express human p53 and blasticidin S deaminase gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express human Bcl-xL and blasticidin S deaminase gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express human FAS and human CD80.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express human secretin receptor and blasticidin S deaminase gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express human somatostatin receptor and blasticidin S deaminase gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line producing retrovirus to express a truncated form of mouse calcineurin and blasticidin S deaminase gene.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of ψCRIP that produce virus to express LacZ possessing nuclear localization signal.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the NIH/3T3 cell line. Transformed lymphoblast-like cells. Swiss strain.TKG0300(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.). TKG0300(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.). Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: mouse, Swiss.
A immortal mouse embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Embryonal cell line derived from wild mouse. Sensitive to leukemia viruses.
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: mouse, wild.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Capable to form collagen network. Possible to culture in DMEM medium. See RCB0067.
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: rat.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Non tumorigenic in nude mice
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Non tumorigenic in nude mice. Possible to culture in DMEM medium.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Liver-derived cell, tumorigenic in nude mice. Possible to culture in DMEM medium.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Epitherial cell from rat liver. Possible to culture in DMEM medium.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Epitherial cell from rat liver
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Capable to form collagen network
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Liver-derived cell, tumorigenic in nude mice
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from hepatoma cells in ascites. TKG0535(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: liver, ascites in animal: rat , Donryu.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from hepatoma cells in ascites. TKG0130(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: liver, ascites in animal: rat, ACI/N.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat (Buffalo) cell line derived from hepatoma. TKG0365 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: rat, Buffalo.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: ES cell differentiation inhibitory activity (DIA)
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: EJ-ras oncogene transformed ARLJ301-3
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: rat, F344/DuCrj.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Spontaneous transformant of ARLJ301-3
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Diploid rat liver epithelial cell line
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from histiocytic sarcoma. Possessing characteristics of macrophage.
A immortal rat liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40-Adeno Vector transformed hepatocytes. Albumin secretion and urea synthesis were reported.
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: rat, Wistar.
A immortal human colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Colon carcinoma. CEA-positive, nude mouse-transplantable.
Derived from tissue: colon in animal: human.
A immortal human colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human colon carcinoma. Backup of ECA86010202.
A immortal human colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Described to produce serotonin, epinephrine.
A immortal human colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese colon carcinoma. Family of the patient also exhibited high risk, but not so-called HNPCC.
A immortal human colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from colon cancer. Derived from ascites metastasis. TKG0457(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.). Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: colon, ascites meta in animal: human.
A immortal human colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human colon cancer cell line derived from metastasis at ovary. Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: colon, ovary meta in animal: human.
A immortal human colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: CEA-producing colon adenocarcinoma. Back up culture of ECA2739. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: colon, supraclavicular meta in animal: human.
A immortal human brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human malignant meningioma.
Derived from tissue: brain in animal: human.
Originator: Ishiwata, Isamu & Satou, Zenrou & Ishikawa, Hiroshi
A immortal human brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human glioma separated from gliosarcoma.
A immortal human brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from astrocytoma developed in a patient with NF-1 (neurofibromatosis type 1)
A immortal human brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from glioblastoma multiforme (Caucasian). Hyperpentaploid chromosome count. TKG0471(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from glioblastoma. TKG0183(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human brain derived lymphoma.
Originator: Ishiwata, I. & Sato, E. & Ishikawa, H.
A immortal human brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Glioma, S-100 Protein producing. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from glioblastoma. TKG0453(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Originator: Kanno H. (Neurosurgery, Yokohama City University).
A immortal human trophoblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Trophoblastic cell. Producing chorionic gonadotropin, estrogen, progesterone. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: choriocarcinoma in animal: human.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal human skin fibroblast
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: human.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal diploid fibroblast from Japanese
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40-transformed Werner's syndrome fibroblast
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Morquio syndrome
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Wilson's disease
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Citrullinemia
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cockayne's syndrome
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Werner's syndrome
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Werner's syndrome, the same patient as RCB0433 WS1TKB2.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Werner's syndrome, the same patient as RCB0409 WS1TKB.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: OTC(-), X-linked, dominant (XD)
Originator: Ohno, Tadao & Nakamura, Norimasa
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control from a nonexposed individual with breast cancer, different specimen from RCB0635
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control from a nonexposed individual without cancer
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control from a nonexposed individual with stomach cancer
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Atomic bomb survivor with breast cancer
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control from a non-exposed individual without breast cancer but with thyroid & colon cancer.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control from a nonexposed individual with breast cancer
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control from a nonexposed individual with uterus cancer
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Atomic bomb survivor without cancer
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Atomic bomb survivor with breast cancer, different specimen from RCB0624
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Atomic bomb survivor with breast cancer, different specimen from RCB0621.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control from a nonexposed individual with chest cancer
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Control from a nonexposed individual with breast cancer, different specimen from RCB0580.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Tay-Sachs' disease
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Malignant trichilemmal cyst cells. Strongly laminin positive on cell surface. Serum-free culturable.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Skin fibroblasts from a familial colon polyposis patient.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Skin fibroblasts from a familial colon polyposis patient at Hiroshima.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Severe insulin-resistance by uncleaved insulin proreceptor. G->T mutation in interconnecting region.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Werner's syndrome fibroblast
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Once thought Werner's Syndrome, but the life span in vitro was more than 50 PDL.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Accelerated aging in vitro, Werner's syndrome
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Melanoma from a 47 year old female. Backup of ECA87061210.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human melanoma producing melanin up to 50 PDL. Backup of ECA88030401.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Questionable Werner's syndrome-like. Life span in vitro was over 60 PDL.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome patient's skin. The same patient as GMC0001.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chromosomal aberration; 46XX + (11;12)(q23.3, q15). Need confirmation.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese cystic fibrosis fibroblast.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome patient's skin. The same patient as GMC0005.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome (questionable) patient's skin. The same patient as GMC0015.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome patient's skin. The same patient as GMC00017.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Diploid fibroblast from normal Japanese skin.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome (questionable) patient's skin. The same patient as GMC0020.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome patient's skin. The same patient as GMC0029.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome patient's skin. The same patient as GMC0030.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome patient's skin. The same patient as GMC00035.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome (questionable) patient's skin.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Prader-Willi syndrome with obesity. del(15) was found in lymphocytes of the patient.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pseudo congenital lactic acidosis.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency fibroblasts.
Originator: Ohno, Tadao & Saijo, Kaoru & Nakamura, Norimasa
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Atomic bomb survivor without breast cancer but with thyroid cancer.
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Normal human skin fibroblast, RCB original
A immortal human zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primary adherent cells derived from Werner syndrome patient's skin. The same patient as GMC0016.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line derived from skin. (BALB/c x C57BL/6)F1 strain. Induced by ultra-violet irradiation.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse, (BALB/c x C57BL/6)F1.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line derived from skin. (BALB/cxC3H)F1 strain. Induced by ultra-violet irradiation.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse, (BALB/cxC3H)F1.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line derived from skin. (C3H/HeN x C57BL/6)F1 strain. Induced by ultra-violet irradiation.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse, (C3H/HeN x C57BL/6)F1.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse skin derived cell line. Induced by ultra-violet irradiation.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line derived from skin. BALB/c strain. Induced by ultra-violet irradiation.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line established by UV irradiation. Derived from Balb/c strain. (Neuron-like)
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line established by UV irradiation. Derived from Balb/c strain. (Epithelial-like)
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse stromal cell line for human lung small cell carcinoma cell line, WA-ht. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse, BALB/c(nu/nu).
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line derived from skin. C3H/HeN strain. Induced by ultra-violet irradiation.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse, C3H/HeN.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse melanoma producing melanin.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse, C57BL/6.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse melanoma expressing E.coli lac Z. Strongly positive with beta-galactosidase.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line derived from skin. C57BL/6 strain. Induced by ultra-violet irradiation.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast-like cell line derived from skin. C57BL/6 strain.Induced by ultra-violet irradiation.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Melanin pigment producing mouse melanoma
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from melanoma. TKG0598 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Glucosylceramide synthetase-deficient B16 melanoma mutant.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse, C57BL/6J.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Not expressing melanoma antigen. Control for GM-95 cell line.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse GM-CSF producing B16 melanoma.
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from melanoma. TKG0348 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from melanoma. C57BL/6J strain. TKG0347(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse zone of skin-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse fibroblast cell line. Transformed by ultraviolet. Highly immunogenic.
Derived from tissue: skin in animal: mouse,(BALB/c×C57BL/6)(CB6)F1.
A immortal mouse epithelial cell line cell that has the characteristics: Metastatic epithelial cell
Derived from tissue: cheek in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal mouse liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hepatocytes containing temperature sensitive SV40 large T antigen. P450IA1 inducible.
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Derived from BW7756 tumor in a C57L mouse. Back up culture of ECA3041.
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: mouse, C57L.
A immortal Drosophila melanogaster embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Fruit fly Oregon-R derived cell line. Highly sensitive in RNA interference compared with CHO-K1.
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: Drosophila.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mast cell precursor, respond to IL-3
Derived from tissue: spleen in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Spontaneous transformant of LT4
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from erythroleukemia cells transformed by Friend leukemia virus. TKG0370(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Friend leukemia cell line from BALB/c mouse. Virusnon-producing.
Derived from tissue: spleen in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Erythroleukemia cell line drived from mouse C3H/He. TER119(+) cells.
Derived from tissue: spleen in animal: mouse, C3H/He.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Friend leukemia cell line. High ability to differentiate to erythroblastoid cells.
Derived from tissue: spleen in animal: mouse, DBA/2.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Friend leukemia cell line from DBA/2 mouse.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from leukemia. Lymphoblastoid cells. DBA/2 strain. TKG0409(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: spleen, lymphnode, leukemia in animal: mouse, DBA/2.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Friend leukemia. Differentiate to erythroblastoid cells.
Derived from tissue: spleen in animal: mouse, DDD.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Friend leukemia. Differentiate to erythroblastoid cells with benzidine etc.
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Friend leukemia. Differentiate to erythroblastoid cells with 1.5% DMSO etc. A clone of TSFAT-3.fl
A immortal mouse spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: SFFV producing Friend leukemia cell line. Non-differentiating.
A immortal mouse kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Kidney epithelial cells containing temperature sensitive SV40 large T antigen. Compared to TKC2.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: mouse.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Stomach cancer, but producing hybrid type of alkaline phosphatase. See HuG1-N.
Derived from tissue: stomach in animal: human.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Stomach cancer, but producing Nagao-type alkaline phosphatase. See HuG1-PI.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach. TKG0449 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from gastric cancer. Signet ring carcinoma. TKG0213 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from gastric cancer. TKG0411 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.). Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human gastric cancer cell line. TKG0185 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Stomach cancer (Borrmann IV). Mutin, CA19-9, CEA, alphafetoprotein positive Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from gastric cancer. Established from the cells in ascites.
Derived from tissue: stomach, ascites meta in animal: human.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human gastric cancer cell line derived from metastasis at liver.
Derived from tissue: stomach, liver meta in animal: human.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small cell gastrointestinal carcinoma with c-myc overexpression. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. Producing high level of CEA.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Once they were hypodiploids. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Gastric cancer undifferentiated, mucin producing
Derived from tissue: stomach, lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese gastric cancer, lymph node metastated.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from gastric cancer
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from stomach cancer.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Potentially differentiatable to both direction of adenomatous and squamous epithelial cells.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: c-erbB-2 expressing gastric adenocarcinoma. Differentiated type.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from intraperitoneal metastasis of gastric cancer
Derived from tissue: stomach, mesenterium meta in animal: human.
A immortal human stomach-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small cell gastrointestinal carcinoma showing creatine kinase-BB and aromatic L-amino-acid decarboxy. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: stomach, subcutis in animal: human.
A immortal human bone element-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Osteosarcoma cell line derived from human. High yield of IFN production by induction with poly IC, cyclohexmide, actinomycin D. Antigenically, MG-63 IFN is closely related to human fibroblast IFN. TKG0294 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: bone in animal: human.
A immortal human bone element-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from osteosarcoma. TKG0451(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human bone element-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Sensitive to further transformation with both virus and chemicals. Backup of ECA87070202.
A immortal human bone element-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human osteosarcoma producing osteoid in vitro and in vivo(mouse). Cell growth is slow.
Originator: Hotta, Tetsuo & Motoyama, Teiichi
A immortal human bone element-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Osteoid producing in vitro and in nude mice. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Ascites hepatoma.
Derived from tissue: ascites hepatoma in animal: rat.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subclone of AH-66, lost transplantability in rats. Possible to culture in DMEM medium. See RCB0063.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Ascites hepatoma. Possible to culture in DMEM medium. See RCB0065.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subclone of AH-66, lost transplantability in rats.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat lung fibroblast once said interferon-producing. Serum-& protein-free culturable.
Derived from tissue: lung in animal: rat.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat lung fibroblast once said interferon-producing. Possible to culture in DMEM medium. See RCB0074 .
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Sticky cell from lymph node.
Derived from tissue: lymph node in animal: rat.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Sticky cell from lymph node. Possible to culture in DMEM medium.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pheochromocytoma, differentiate by NGF stimulation
Derived from tissue: pheochromocytoma in animal: rat.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of PC-12 lacking synaptotagmin-1.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of PC-12 expressing synaptotagmin-1, a control cell line for PC12-F7.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cell line for titration of murine leukemia virus.
Derived from tissue: rous sarcoma in animal: rat.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from sarcoma cells in ascites. TKG0648(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: sarcoma, ascitic tumor in animal: rat.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat small intestine epithelial cells. Backup of ECA88071401.
Derived from tissue: small intestine in animal: rat.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat thymoma cell line without mouse chromosome contamination. Compare to MTHC-2 and -3.
Derived from tissue: thymus in animal: rat, BUF/Mna.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from lung cancer. TKG0135(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: lung in animal: rat, Donryu.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from osteosarcoma. F344 strain.
Derived from tissue: osteosarcoma in animal: rat, F344.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of KMY-J. Fibroblast-like
Derived from tissue: meninx in animal: rat, F344/DuCrj.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of KMY-J. Polyploidy
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of KMY-J. Epithelial-like
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Meningioma derived cell line. Derived from rat F344.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat fibrous histiocytoma. Acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase are weakly positive.
Derived from tissue: subcutis of the head in animal: rat, F344/DuCrj.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat fibrous histiocytoma. Acid phosphatase-, non-specific esterase- & monocytic antigen-positive.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: F344 male rat fibrosarcoma cells, but with histiocytic and/or myofibroblastic characteristics.
Derived from tissue: submandibular salivary gland in animal: rat, F344/DuCrj.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of NBT-II. Low invasive bladder carcinoma. Relatively high cadherin expression.
Derived from tissue: bladder in animal: rat, Wistar.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of NBT-II. Almost non-invasive bladder carcinoma. Relatively high cadherin expression.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of NBT-II. Invasive bladder carcinoma. Relatively low cadherin expression.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of NBT-II. Highly invasive bladder carcinoma. Relatively low cadherin expression.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of NBT-II. The most invasive bladder carcinoma. Relatively low cadherin expression.
A immortal rat cell line cell that has the characteristics: So called clear cells from rat stomach mucosa.
Derived from tissue: gastric mucosa in animal: rat, Wistar.
A immortal human urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bladder transitional-cell carcinoma
Derived from tissue: bladder in animal: human.
A immortal human urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from bladder cancer. Transitional cell carcinoma. TKG0443 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Described to produce SCF, IL-1, IL-3, IL-6, G-CSF, GM-CSF, etc.
A immortal human urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from urinary bladder carcinoma. Derived from ascites.
Derived from tissue: bladder, ascites meta in animal: human.
A immortal human urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from urinary bladder carcinoma. TKG0641 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: Urinary bladder in animal: human.
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human liver cholangiocarcinoma. Said CEA and CA19-9 producing.
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: human.
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Spindle cell-type cholangiocarcinoma cell line.
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Said producing alpha-fetoprotein, alpha-antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, etc.
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hepatoblastoma. Said albumin and alpha-fetoprotein producing.
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from intrahepatic bile duct cancer. TKG0456(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.). Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from hepatoma. TKG0206 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human hepatoma cell line. This cell line was established from nude mouse xenograft tumor (Dr. Hirohashi., National Cancer Center, Tokyo) by Tanno, H. (Tohoku Univ., 1st Surg). AFP producing.TKG0368 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Originator: Tanno, H. (Tohoku Univ., 1st Surg)
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from cholangiocellular carcinoma. TKG0438 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.). Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: hepatocellular carcinoma. Produce alpha-fetoprotein, albumin, etc. Back up of ECA2870. Almost equal to RCB0459, but the restriction is a. Information
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of HepG2. Expressing abundant glutamine synthetase. Information
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from hepatocyte carcinoma. TKG0205 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.). Information
A immortal human liver-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from cholangiocellular carcinoma. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: liver, ascites meta in animal: human.
A immortal mouse breast-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Topoisomerase II inhibitor VP-16 resistant FM3A mutant.
Derived from tissue: breast in animal: mouse, C3H/HeN.
A immortal dog kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Canine kidney epithelial. Sensitive to wide range of viruses. Backup of ECA84121903.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: dog.
A immortal dog kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Dog cell line derived from kidney.
A immortal cattle kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Very flat and thin kidney epithelial cell
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: bovine.
A immortal cattle kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bovine kidney-derived epithelial cell line. FBS independent for culture.
A immortal cattle kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Kidney epithelial cell, equiv. to ATCC CRL6071
A immortal human breast-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human malignant mesothelioma. CA19-9, CA125, and hyaluronic acid producing. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: breast in animal: human.
Originator: Ishiwata, I. & Ishikawa, H. & Ishioka, K.
A immortal human breast-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human breast carcinoma established from an effusion.
A immortal human breast-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from breast adenocarcinoma. TKG0479 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: brest, pleural fluid in animal: human.
A immortal human spleen-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from splenic B cell lymphoma.
Derived from tissue: spleen in animal: human.
A immortal mouse muscle cell line cell that has the characteristics: A-Jackson mouse-derived histiocyte-like cells from spontaneous sarcoma.
Derived from tissue: muscle in animal: mouse, A/J.
A immortal mouse muscle cell line cell that has the characteristics: Said differentiate to myotubes, but need confirmation. Backup of ECA91031101.
Derived from tissue: muscle in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Naturally raised CDDP(cysplatin)-resistant cell line.
Derived from tissue: uterus in animal: human.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma G2. Said CA125, CEA producing.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese endometrioid adenocarcinoma.
Originator: Ishikawa, H. & Yasuda, M. & Yamada, K.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human uterus endometrioid adenocarcinoma cell line.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human uterus endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from uterus cancer. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Uterine adenosquamous carcinoma. Said CEA and CA125 producing. Cell growth is slow.
Originator: Ishikawa, H. & Yamada, K. & Yasuda, M.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese uterine carcinosarcoma. Nude mouse transplantable.
A immortal human uterus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Glassy cell carcinoma from cervix. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: uterus, lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Estradiol-17 beta responsive leiomyosarcoma
Derived from tissue: endometrium in animal: human.
A immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mixed Mullerian tumor.
A immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Endometrium-derived fibroblasts.
A immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: So called clear cell carcinoma. Said c-erb2(+), cathepsin D(+), CA125(+).
A immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Expressing receptor to estrogen and prolaction. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from endometrial adenocarcinoma. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human endometrium-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from endometrial stromal sarcoma.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Renal tumor cell from a Japanese. Transplantable to nude mice.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: human.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Kidney carcinoma from a Japanese patient. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Scarcely found primitive neuroectodermal tumor from a Japanese kidney.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: 293 cell line expressing the caspase-inhibiting CrmA gene
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human renal cell carcinoma cell line. TKG0447(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line expressing SV40 large T antigen abundantly.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese kidney carcinoma cells. RCB original. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese renal carcinoma cells expressing HLA-A2402. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese renal carcinoma cells. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Wilms' tumor. CA125 and TPA producing.
Originator: Ono, I. & Ishiwata, I. & Ishikawa, H.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of HEK293 cell line, expressing BtR175b (Cry 1Aa receptor).
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human primitive neuroectodermal tumor cell line derived from kidney.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Retroviral vector packaging cell line expressing MoMLV (Moloney murine leukemia virus) gag/pol. Production of high titer retrovirus by cotransfection of envelope and vector plasmids.
A immortal human kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Sheared human Ad5 DNA-transformed cell line. Widely used for production of manipulated adenovirus. Back up culture of ECA2737.
A immortal mouse brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: ori- SV40 DNA transformed C3H mouse brain-derived cells. GFAP+ astrocytes and GFAP- origodendrocytes
Derived from tissue: brain in animal: mouse, C3H/HeN.
A immortal mouse brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse microglial cell line immortalized by a replication-deficient retroviral vector containing human c-myc gene. No significant production of infectious viral particles from MG6 cells was confirmed by bioassay using SC-1 cells.
Derived from tissue: brain in animal: mouse, C57BL/6.
A immortal pig kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pig kidney (LLC-PK1) cells expressing human P-glycoproteins.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: pig.
A immortal pig kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Buck-up culture of ECA86103005. Foot & mouth disease.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from cervical cancer. The cells were converted to HGPRT(-). TKG0191(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: cervix in animal: human.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Just like ATCC CCL 2, HeLa
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Suspension culturable. Useful for JIS medium inspection
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Protein- & lipid-free medium growing
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Integrating HPV16, neurosecretory granules(+)
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Repair deficient (mer~)
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: MNNG-reistant HeLa.S3(Mer~) cells
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: MNNG-resistant HeLa.S3(Mer~) cells
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Large cell non-keratinizing squamouse carcinoma. Stage Ib. HPV type 18 integrated.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese cervix carcinoma.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Derived from a single human as TCO-1. Said CEA, CA125, TPA (+).
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: RCB0191 HeLa.S3, that has been cultured in MEM(susp.). This line is cultured in MEM.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of HeLa. 6-thioguanine resistant. TKG0204 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cervical carcinoma cell line derived from human. TA-4, CA-4, TPA, placental ALP are positive. Regan isoenzyme producing. p53 normal, p51 mutation (+), HLA-A 2402/.TKG0462(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from cervical cancer. TKG0437(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human uterus squamous cell carcinoma cell line.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cervical cancer cell line.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Supports growth of arvovirus and measles virus. A sabuline of HeLa cell (HeLa contamination). TKG0403 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Melanoma cells with melanin-granules. Cell growth is slow.
Originator: Ishiwata, I. & Kiguchi, K. & Ishikawa, H.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Thymidine kinase defective HeLa
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from uterine cervical epidermoid carcinoma. TKG0366(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the HeLa cell line expressing Fucci, a cell cycle marker.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the HeLa cell line expressing Fucci2, a cell cycle marker.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the HeLa cells. Expressing human CD4 and Neomycin-resistant gene.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the HeLa cells. Expressing human CD4 and Neomycin-resistant gene. One copy of the HIV-1 LTR (nt-138 to +80) linked to the β-galactosidase gene is integrated.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the HeLa cells. HeLa cells contained stably integrated copies of the HIV-1 LTR promoter linked to a synthetic tat gene.
Originator: Barbara K. Felber & George N. Pavlakis
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Most famous cultured human cell line
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Glassy cell carcinoma. TA-4, CA125, neuron-specific enolase producing.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Keratinizing cervix squamous carcinoma, CEA(+)
Derived from tissue: cervix, lymph node meta in animal: human.
Originator: Izumi, Rikuichi & Kawabata, Masakiyo
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese cervix squamous cell carcinoma. Once said TA-4 positive.
Derived from tissue: cervix, Virchow's lymph node in animal: human.
A immortal human uterine cervix-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mother of a Down's syndrome child. 46XX,t(2/q2/q)
Originator: Ishiwata, Isamu & Ishikawa, Hiroshi
A immortal rat pituitary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Estrogen-induced pituitary tumor. Compared with MtT/S, MtT/SM, and MtT/Se.
Derived from tissue: pituitary in animal: rat, F344.
A immortal rat pituitary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Growth hormone, prolactine producing
Derived from tissue: pituitary in animal: rat, Fischer.
A immortal rat pituitary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Estrogen-induced tumor. Growth hormone producing.
A immortal rat pituitary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Estradiol-dependent pituitary tumor
A immortal mouse urinary bladder-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Murine transitional cell carcinoma induced by FANFT
Derived from tissue: bladder in animal: mouse.
A immortal human thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Secretes IL-1,TGFα,KGM-CSF but not thyroglobulin
Derived from tissue: thyroid in animal: human.
A immortal human thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Serum-free, protein-free cultured HOTHC cells
A immortal human thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: G-CSF producing thyroidal squamous carcinoma.
A immortal human thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human thyroid anaplastic carcinoma derived cell line. TKG0446 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Thyroid tumor. TAF, G-CSF, colloid producing.
A immortal human thyroid gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from thyroid cancer. Poorly differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma. TKG0439(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: thyroid gland in animal: human.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of mouse C127 cell line. Inducible expression of influenza virus protein (PB1, NP, PA, PB2) is possible.
Derived from tissue: mammary in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of mouse C127 cell line. Inducible expression of influenza virus protein (PB1, NP, PA) is possible.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of C127. PB1 RNA polymerase subunit and nucleoprotein are inducible by dexamethasone.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Host for bovine papiloma virus
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mammary tumor cell line without C-type virus
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from mammary carcinoma. TKG0597 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from mammary carcinoma. Expressing human MUC1 (APR-MUC1) exogenously. TKG0595 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of mouse C127 cell line. Inducible expression of influenza virus protein (PB1, NP) is possible. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive at chromosome condensation
Derived from tissue: mammary in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive, forms multiple nuclei
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive at DNA polymerase
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mammary carcinoma, grow in vitro and in vivo
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Newcastle disease virus resistant
Derived from tissue: mammary in animal: mouse, C3H/HeN.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Murine mammary tumor cell lines. .Higher incidence in lung metastasis.
Derived from tissue: mammary in animal: mouse, JYG.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: murine mammary tumor cell lines. High level MMTV producer line.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the NMuMG cell line expressing Fucci, a cell cycle marker.
Derived from tissue: mammary gland in animal: mouse, NAMRU.
A immortal mouse mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the NMuMG cell line expressing Fucci2, a cell cycle marker.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bovine derived lymphocyte.
Derived from tissue: peripheral blood lymphocytes in animal: bovine, Holstein-Friesian cow.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from B cell leukemia. TKG0413(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: blood in animal: human.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: T cell leukemia
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Differentiate to granulocytes and monocytes
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: IL-2 dependent ATL cell line. HTLV-1 pro-virus DNA(+).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chronic myelogeneous leukemia, subclone of RCB0495 KU812.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: APRT(-) EB transformed B cell line
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Acute lymphatic leukemia
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hydrogen peroxide resistant HL60-derived clone.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human T cell line, the same patient as JM. IL-2 productivity of this line was undetermined.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subclone of RCB1180 Tanoue.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: RCB1181 ST cells transformed with human G-CSF receptor cDNA. Responds to G-CSF.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: AML with Ph' chromosome and t(3;3)(q21;q26). Expressing EVI-1 and BCR/ABL mRNA.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Acute myeloid leukemia with dek/can chimera mRNA expression. Responding to G-CSF and differentiate.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: B95-8 EB virus transformed (originally normal) B cell line.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Adult T-cell leukemia. HTLV-1 pro-virus DNA(+).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Hydrogen peroxide resistant HL60-derived clone. More resistant than HP50-2.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from T cell leukemia. TKG0199(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chronic myelogeneous leukemia, Ph1 chromosome (+),basophi-like cells.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human myeloid leukemia cell line with chromosome 18 trisomy and mutation in DCC gene. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Burkitt's lymphoma. Sensitive to lymphokine-activated killer cells but resistant to natural killer cells. Back up culture of ECA3011.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: T cell leukemia, the same patient as RCB1164 MOLT-3.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Buck-up culture of ECA86010201. Human T cell line with the ability to grow HIV, the same patient as Jurkat.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human T leukemic cell line (CD4+). CR2 receptor (+). TKG0229(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Burkitt's lymphoma. Sensitive to LAK cells but resistant to NK cells. Back up of culture ECA2673. Resistant to VSV. This cell line carries the latent Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) genome and is positive for EBNA. RAJI is sometimes referred to as a 'non-producer'; the EBV genome carries deletions attributed to preventing the formation of virus particles.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Eosinophilic leukemia. Differenciate by n-butylate treatment. The same patient as RCB2142 EoL-3.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from eosinophilic leukemia. The same patient as RCB0641 EoL-1 cell.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from acute monocytic leukemia. Activeated macrophage activity (+), obtained from long passage of THP-1 (RCB1189 THP-1) cell line. TKG0296(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Originator: Tominaga, T. (1st. Dep. Surg., Tohoku U.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Differentates to macrophage-like cells after treatment with phorbol ester. The variant subline (RCB2128 A-THP-1).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chronic myelogenous leukemia , subclone of RCB0495 KU812.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human T cell leukemia. IL-2 receptor (-). Progeny were cured by Treatments with BM Cycline and MC210. TKG0209 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from basophilic leukemia cells. Progeny were cured by Treatments with BM Cycline and MC210. KG0304 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: B95-8 EB virus transformed leukemia cell line.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Typical human B cell leukemia.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from B cell leukemia. TKG0467 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Variant of HL60. Resistant to retinoic acid and active Vit. D derivatives.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human T cell leukemia (derivative of KE-37) . originally described to be established from the peripheral blood of a 61-year-old man with T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in 1977; ; KE-37 was established from a 27-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 1979
Derived from tissue: blood, T-cell leukemia in animal: human.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human T cell leukemia, the same patient as RCB0206 MOLT-4.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human myeloma cell.
Derived from tissue: peripheral blood in animal: human.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from T cell of a patient with Sezary syndrome. Producing IL-2. TKG0375(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from T cell leukemia. TKG0463(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from T cell leukemia. TKG0385(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cells transformed by Epstein-Barr virus. RCB2541 is derived from the same patient. TKG0611(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from B cells of healthy volunteer. Transformed by EB virus. RCB2083 is derived from the same patient. TKG0634(TKG0499)(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from B cells of healthy volunteer. Transformed by EB virus. TKG0610(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cells transformed by Epstein-Barr virus. TKG0609(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from B cells of healthy volunteer. Transformed by EB virus. TKG0616(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from Bloom syndrome patient. Transformed by EBV. Can express certain antigen on the cell surface, such as cancer-specific antigen.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: EBV-transformed cell line from a patient (male) with p53 germ line mutation. Mutation was noted at codon 242 (TGC→TAC) by FASAY.TKG0506 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Originator: Kudo, T. and Ishioka, C. (IDAC)
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cells derived from a patient of xeroderma pigmentosum. Transformed by Epstein-Barr virus. TKG0311(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from B cells of Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patient. Transformed by EB virus. TKG0314(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: IgM (lambda) secreting B cell line. Established from peripheral blood lymphocytes of apparently normal 33-y-o male. HLA profile: A2, Aw33, B7, B14.TKG0464(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.)
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from erythroblastic leukemia.
A immortal human blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from basophilic leukemia cells. TKG0321 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: peripheral blood in animal: rat.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bone marrow stroma cell-derived
Derived from tissue: bone marrow in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from bone marrow. Fibroblast-like cells. BALB/c strain. TKG0355(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: bone marrow, tibia femur in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from bone marrow. Fibroblast-like. BudR resistant. BALB/c strain. TKG0356(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse bone marrow derived fibroblast-like cells line. Differentiates to neuron.
Derived from tissue: bone marrow in animal: mouse, C3H/He.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse bone marrow-derived stromal cells.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse multipotent mesenchymal cells. Derived from bone marrow.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse mesenchymal cell line derived from bone marrow. C3H/He
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bone marrow stroma cell line, depositing calcified matrix on the culture surface. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Bone marrow stroma cell line, depositing calcified matrix on the culture surface.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Osteoclast-like cell line derived from mouse (C3H/He). Cell growth is slow.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse IL-3 dependent cells cloned from 32D. Differentiate with G-CSF stimulation.
Derived from tissue: bone marrow in animal: mouse, C3H/HeJ.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subclone of 32D cell line. Differentiate to mature granulocytes by G-CSF.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: IL-3 dependent cells from Friend leukemia virus-infected mouse bone marrow.
A immortal mouse bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse mesenchymal cell line derived from bone marrow. C57/B6.
Derived from tissue: bone marrow in animal: mouse, C57/B6.
A immortal mouse aorta-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from aorta of p53-deficient mouse. Epithelial like.
Derived from tissue: aorta in animal: mouse, C57BL/CBA.
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: B lymphocyte isolated from Japanese adenosquamous carcinoma.
Derived from tissue: B cell (uterus) in animal: human.
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: B lymphocytes isolated from a colon adenocarcinoma.
Derived from tissue: B cell, (colon) in animal: human.
Originator: Ishikawa, H. & Tabei, I. & Kubo, H.
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B cell-like cell line derived from colon adenocarcinoma tisuue.
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. This B cell lines derived from Mongoloid Minority Groups in South America.
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus.
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. This B cell lines derived from Mongoloid Minority Groups in South America. The two B cell lines HSC0087 (WY077) and HSC0091 (WYO071) have identical similar STR patterns.
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. Breast cancer patient.
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06, B*39:01 B*40:02, C*03:04 C*07:02, DRB1*08:02 DRB1*14:06, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*31:01 A*33:03, B*40:03 B*44:03, C*03:04 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*08:03, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*26:03, B*40:01 B*55:02, C*01:02 C*03:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*11:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:02, B*07:02 B*13:01, C*03:04 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*12:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*02:02 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:01, B*48:01 B*52:01, C*08:03 C*12:02, DRB1*14:07 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*05:02 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*09:01 DPB1*14:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:03, B*15:01 B*59:01, C*01:02 C*03:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*13:01 B*40:02, C*03:04 , DRB1*04:10 DRB1*12:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*04:02, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*13:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*02:10, B*39:01 B*40:06, C*07:02 C*08:01, DRB1*14:03 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*52:01, C*12:02, DRB1*15:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*06:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*14:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*26:01, B*07:02 B*15:01, C*03:04 C*07:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*14:01, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*05:02, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*54:01 B*67:01, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:03, B*15:01 B*40:06, C*03:03 C*15:02, DRB1*08:02 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:02, DPB1*02:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*54:01, C*01:02, DRB1*04:05, DQB1*04:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*13:01 B*51:01, C*03:04 C*15:02, DRB1*04:01 DRB1*12:02, DQB1*03:01, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:03, B*15:01 B*51:01, C*03:03 C*14:02, DRB1*11:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*09:01 DPB1*13:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*35:01 B*51:01, C*04:01 C*14:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*07:02 B*35:01, C*03:03 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*08:02, DQB1*04:02 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:01, B*40:01 B*40:03, C*03:04, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*13:01, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:03, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*02:07, B*07:02 B*46:01, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*02:07, B*40:01, B*46:01, C*01:02 C*03:04, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*06:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*40:02 B*59:01, C*01:02 C*03:03, DRB1*04:01 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*46:01 B*55:02, C*01:02, DRB1*08:03, DRB1*15:01, DQB1*06:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*02:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*33:03, B*44:03 B*59:01, C*01:02 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*51:01 B*52:01, C*12:02 C*14:02, DRB1*14:03 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*35:01 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*08:01, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*26:02 A*33:03, B*40:06 B*44:03, C*08:01 C*14:03, DRB1*08:02 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*40:02 B*51:01, C*03:04 C*14:02, DRB1*08:02 DRB1*14:03, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:02, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*39:01 B*48:01, C*03:03 C*07:02, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*14:01, DQB1*05:03 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*31:01, B*15:11, C*03:03, DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*26:03 A*33:03, B*15:01 B*44:03, C*03:03 C*14:03, DRB1*13:02 DRB1*14:06, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*35:01 B*52:01, C*08:01 C*12:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*33:03, B*39:01 B*44:03, C*07:02 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*04:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*35:01 B*52:01, C*03:03 C*12:02, DRB1*12:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:01 , DPB1*05:01 DPB1*06:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*31:01, B*40:01 B*52:01, C*03:04 C*12:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*07:02 B*56:01, C*04:01 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:01, B*39:04 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*04:03 DRB1*04:05, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*39:01 B*52:01, C*07:02 C*12:02, DRB1*08:02 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:02 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*07:02 B*51:01, C*07:02 C*14:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*33:03, B*40:02 B*44:03, C*03:04 C*14:03, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*06:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*33:03, B*44:03 B*52:01, C*12:02 C*14:03, DRB1*13:02 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*06:02 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*07:02 B*55:02, C*03:03 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*52:01 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*12:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*02:07, B*15:18 B*46:01, C*01:03 C*08:01, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*12:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*54:01, C*01:02 C*03:04, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*14:01, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*05:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*07:02 B*48:01, C*07:02 C*08:01, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*13:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*11:01 B*15:01 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*04:01, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*04:06, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*03:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:01, B*48:01 B*59:01, C*01:02 C*08:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*19:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*51:01 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*14:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*11:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*02:01DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*33:03, B*44:03 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*08:03, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*35:01 B*52:01, C*12:02 C*15:02, DRB1*14:06 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*33:03, B*44:03 B*56:01, C*04:01 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*02:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*01:01 A*26:01, B*37:01 B*39:01, C*06:02 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*10:01, DQB1*05:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:10 A*24:02, B*40:06 B*52:01, C*08:01 C*12:02, DRB1*14:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*05:03 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:02 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:01, B*35:01 B*40:02, C*03:04 C*08:01, DRB1*04:10 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*07:02 B*56:01, C*04:01 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*04:05, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*33:03, B*07:02 B*44:03, C*07:02 C*14:03, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*05:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*46:01 B*67:01, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*26:01, B*40:02 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*03:04, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*31:01 A*33:03, B*48:01 B*58:01, C*03:02 C*08:01, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:09, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*26:02, B*07:02 B*52:01, C*07:02 C*12:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*05:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*40:01 B*40:06, C*07:02 C*08:01, DRB1*04:06 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*02:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*15:18 B*52:01, C*08:01 C*12:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*26:01, B*15:01 B*52:01, C*12:02 C*15:02, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*40:01 B*67:01, C*03:04 C*07:02, DRB1*12:01 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*33:03, B*15:18 B*44:03, C*08:01 C*14:03, DRB1*04:03 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*39:01 B*55:02, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*08:03, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*40:02 B*59:01, C*01:02 C*03:04, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*33:03, B*35:01 B*44:03, C*03:03 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*54:01 B*59:01, C*01:02, DRB1*04:05 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*39:04 B*40:02, C*03:04 C*07:02, DRB1*04:06 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*02:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:20 A*33:03, B*44:03 B*51:01, C*14:02 C*14:03, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*12:01, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*15:28 B*52:01, C*03:03 C*12:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*15:01 B*52:01, C*07:02 C*12:02, DRB1*15:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*06:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*01:01 A*11:01, B*07:02 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*04:05, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*07:02 X, C*03:03 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:18 A*33:03, B*44:03 B*46:01, C*01:02 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*08:03, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*02:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*11:01, B*15:01 B*35:01, C*03:03 C*04:01, DRB1*04:06 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*54:01 B*55:02, C*01:02, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*11:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*13:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*39:02 B*40:06, C*07:02 C*08:01, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*12:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*26:03 A*31:01, B*35:01 B*51:01, C*03:03 C*14:02, DRB1*04:03 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*02:06 B*07:02 B*40:01, C*03:03 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*08:03, DQB1*05:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*15:01 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*03:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*33:03, B*40:01 B*44:03, C*03:04 C*14:03, DRB1*13:02 DRB1*14:01, DQB1*05:03 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*15:01 B*39:01, C*04:01 C*07:02, DRB1*04:06 DRB1*12:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*35:01 B*44:02, C*05:01 C*08:01, DRB1*04:10 DRB1*12:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*31:01, B*40:06 B*44:03, C*03:04 C*14:03, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*33:03, B*15:01 B*44:03, C*03:03 C*14:03, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*14:06, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*03:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*52:01 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*12:02, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*06:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*14:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01, B*48:01 B*51:01, C*08:01 C*15:02, DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 , DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*31:01 A*33:03, B*44:03 B*51:01, C*14:02 C*14:03, DRB1*13:02 DRB1*14:03, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*33:03, B*07:02 B*44:03, C*07:02 C*14:03, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*05:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*52:01, C*12:02, DRB1*15:02, DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*44:03 B*52:01, C*12:02 C*14:03, DRB1*04:06 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*02:06, B*35:01 B*39:01, C*03:03 C*07:02, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*14:06, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*31:01, B*40:02 B*44:03, C*03:04 C*14:03, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*46:01 B*54:01, C*01:02 , DRB1*04:05 DRB1*08:03, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*26:01, B*35:01 B*52:01, C*03:03 C*12:02, DRB1*15:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*06:01 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*26:01 A*33:03, B*44:03 B*52:01, C*12:02 C*14:03, DRB1*13:02 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*06:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*51:01 B*52:01, C*12:02 C*14:02, DRB1*08:02 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:02 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*07:02 B*46:01, C*03:04 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*08:03, DQB1*05:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*15:07 B*52:01, C*01:02 C*12:02, DRB1*04:03 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*38:0201 B*51:01, C*07:02 C*14:02, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*09:01 , DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*14:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*07:02 B*39:01, C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*04:05, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*24:02, B*13:01 B*48:01, C*03:04 C*08:01, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*12:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:02, B*40:01 B*40:06, C*03:04 C*08:01, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*26:01, B*40:02 B*51:02, C*03:04 C*08:01, DRB1*09:01 , DQB1*03:03, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*03:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*01:01 A*02:01, B*15:01 B*40:06, C*06:02 C*08:01, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*39:01 B*55:02, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*04:10 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*04:02 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*02:02 DPB1*03:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*26:01, B*40:02 B*52:01, C*03:04 C*12:02, DRB1*08:02 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*26:01, B*40:02 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*03:04, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*05:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*26:01, B*40:01 B*40:02, C*03:04 C*15:02, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*04:01 DPB1*13:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*11:01, B*13:01 B*48:01 C*03:04 C*08:03, DRB1*12:02 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*03:01 , DPB1*02:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*33:03, B*15:11 B*52:01, C*03:03 C*12:02, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*15:11 B*52:01, C*03:03 C*12:02, DRB1*14:54 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01 DPB1*13:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*35:01 B*52:01, C*04:01 C*12:02, DRB1*09:01 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*03:03 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*40:01 B*52:01, C*03:04 C*12:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*26:01 A*33:03, B*35:01 B*44:03, C*03:03 C*14:03, DRB1*04:01 DRB1*12:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*05:01DPB1*14:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*15:01 B*40:06, C*04:01 C*08:01, DRB1*04:06 DRB1*09:01, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*03:03, DPB1*05:01 X
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02 A*31:01, B*52:01 B*59:01, C*01:02 C*12:02, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*15:07 B*15:18, C*03:03 C*07:0401, DRB1*04:01 DRB1*04:03, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*11:01 A*33:03, B*35:01 B*44:03, C*03:03 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*33:03, B*35:01 B*44:03, C*03:03 C*14:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*13:02, DQB1*04:01 DQB1*06:04, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. Cell growth is slow. HLA A*24:02 A*26:01, B*15:01 B*51:01, C*03:04 C*04:01, DRB1*04:06 DRB1*14:54, DQB1*03:02 DQB1*05:03, DPB1*02:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:07 A*24:20, B*46:01 B*55:02, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*08:03 , DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*02:07. B*40:01 B*46:01, C*01:02 C*15:02, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*14:05, DQB1*05:03 DQB1*06:01, DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*24:02, B*07:02 B*13:01, C*03:03 C*07:02, DRB1*01:01 DRB1*12:02, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*05:01 , DPB1*02:01 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:07 A*24:02, B*46:01 B*52:01, C*01:02 C*12:02, DRB1*08:03 DRB1*15:02, DQB1*06:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*09:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*15:11 B*59:01, C*01:02 C*03:03, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*12:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*02:02 DPB1*04:02
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:06 A*24:02, B*15:27 B*35:01, C*03:03 C*04:01, DRB1*04:03 DRB1*12:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*03:02, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:53N A*26:01, B*39:01 B*54:01, C*01:02 C*07:02, DRB1*14:05 DRB1*15:01, DQB1*05:03 DQB1*06:02, DPB1*04:02 DPB1*05:01
A immortal human B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human B lymphocytes transformed by Epstein-Barr Virus. HLA A*02:01 A*24:02, B*39:01 B*48:01, C*07:02 C*08:01, DRB1*04:05 DRB1*11:01, DQB1*03:01 DQB1*04:01, DPB1*02:01 DPB1*02:02
A immortal human vagina-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: 47,XX,+X-type chromosome.
Derived from tissue: vagina in animal: human.
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from esophageal cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma. TKG0462(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: esophagus in animal: human.
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from esophageal cancer (highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma). Not transplantable to nude mouse. TKG0266 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Originator: Nishihira, Tetsuro (Akaishi, T.)
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from esophageal cancer. Moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. TKG0259(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from esophageal cancer. Highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. TKG0261(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from esophageal cancer. Moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. TKG0262(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from esophageal cancer. Moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. TKG0265(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from poorly differntiated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Not transplantable to nude mouse. TKG0256 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly differentiated squamous carcinoma (esophagus), not transplantable to nude mouse. A culture submitted to the Cell Resource Center for Biomedical Research was found to be contaminated with mycoplasma. Progeny were cured by Treatments with BM Cyclin and MC210. TKG0257 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from esophageal cancer. Highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.TKG0255(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: esophagus, lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Produce hypercalcemia in nude mice. PTH-related protein, IL-1alpha producing.
A immortal human esophagus-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (poorly differentiated) cell line. Not transplantable to nude mouse. TKG0260 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: esophagus, pleural effusion in animal: human.
A immortal human gingiva-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human gingival carcinoma cell line. Expressing remarkable EGF receptor. HLA-A 2/24. TKG0485(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: gingiva in animal: human.
A immortal human muscle cell line cell that has the characteristics: Extraskeltal myxoid chondrosarcoma
Derived from tissue: muscle in animal: human.
A immortal human muscle cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mixed mesodermal tumor consists of adenocarcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: muscle, bone marrow meta in animal: human.
A immortal human mouth-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma occurred in 69-yo, male patient. HLA-A 24/. TKG0487 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: mouth in animal: human.
A immortal human mouth-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from squamous cell carcinoma at mouth floor. TKG0455(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: mouth floor in animal: human.
A immortal rat brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Astroglia cell line. Possible to culture in DMEM medium. See RCB0075.
Derived from tissue: brain in animal: rat.
A immortal rat brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Astroglia cell line
A immortal rat brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from glial cell tumor induced by N-nitrosomethylurea. TKG0589(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal rat brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from glioma induced by N-nitrosomethylurea. TKG0242 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal rat brain-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat neuronal cell line derived from the ventrolateral region of the suprachiasmatic nucleus
Derived from tissue: brain in animal: rat, Wister (Transgenic rat).
A immortal human testis-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Embryonal carcinoma, testis.
Derived from tissue: testis in animal: human.
A immortal human testis-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from embryonal carcinoma of testis.
A immortal human intestine-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Small-cell gastrointestinal carcinoma. High levels of creatine kinase brain isoenzyme. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: intestine in animal: human.
A immortal human rectum-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human rectal cancer cell line.
Derived from tissue: rectum in animal: human.
Originator: Ishikawa, Hiroshi & Tabei, Isao
A immortal human rectum-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from rectal cancer. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human rectum-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rectal carcinoma from a Japanese patient. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: SV40 transformed hamster cell line. Fibroblast-like cells.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: hamster.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: The parent cell line used for the temperature sensitive cell line series of BN.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: hamster, Syrian.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive mutant of BHK-21. Complemented with human X-linked CCG1 gene.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive mutant of BHK-21. Complementation group A. Dye rapidly at 39.5 C.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive mutant of BHK-21 selected after MNNG treatment.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-senstive mutant of BHK-21. Complemented with ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 cDNA.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive mutant of BHK-21. Causing premature chromosome condensation.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive mutant of BHK-21 with mutated DAD1 gene. Causing apoptosis at 39.5 C.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive mutant of BHK-21 with defect in RNA polymerase III subunit.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Temperature-sensitive mutant of BHK-21. Stop growth after 2-day culture at 39.5 C.
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Thymidine kinase-defective mutant of ts13
A immortal hamster kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Culturable in suspension, cf. ECACC, BHK-21C13-3P
A immortal human adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: N-myc propagated. Neuron specific enolase producing.
Derived from tissue: adrenal in animal: human.
A immortal human adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from neuroblastoma of adrenal gland.TKG0278 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: adrenal gland, left in animal: human.
A immortal human adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Adrenal neuroblastoma derived from brain metastasis
Derived from tissue: adrenal, brain meta in animal: human.
A immortal human adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: N-myc gene amplification
Derived from tissue: adrenal, left in animal: human.
A immortal human adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from neuroblastoma formed at adrenal gland. TKG0277(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: right adrenal gland in animal: human.
Originator: Hayashi, T. (Pediat. Surg., Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human adrenal gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from neuroblastoma. Dibuty-cAMP (1 mM) induces differentiation. TKG0486(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: sympatho adrenal cell in animal: human.
A immortal mouse blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Secrete growth factors for hemopoietic stem cells
Derived from tissue: blood in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal mouse blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: IL-3 dependent pro B cell line. Information
Derived from tissue: blood in animal: mouse, C3H.
A immortal mouse blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Spontaneouly differentiated cell line derived from M1. Non-tumorigenic.
Derived from tissue: blood in animal: mouse, SL.
A immortal rhesus macaque kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly susceptible to Simian rotavirus SA11. Backup of ECA85102918.
Derived from tissue: fetal, kidney in animal: monkey, rhesus.
A immortal mouse monocyte cell line cell that has the characteristics: Buck-up culture of ECA85062803. Mouse leukemic monocyte. Abelson leukemia virus induced.
Derived from tissue: leukemic monocyte in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal rat kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Contact-inhibited semi-normal, original of NRK49F
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: rat.
A immortal rat kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Contact-inhibited semi-normal cell line
A immortal rat kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat (Wistar) cell line derived from renal (kidney) tumor.
Derived from tissue: kidney in animal: rat, Wistar.
A immortal rat kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat renal tumor derived cell line.
A immortal rat kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cells derived from kidney carcinoma. After passage 2. Wister rat.
A immortal rat kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from kidney carcinoma. After passage 100. Wister rat.
A immortal rat kidney-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from kidney carcinoma. After passage 80. Wister rat.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Krukenberg tumor cell line
Derived from tissue: ovary in animal: human.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Clear cell adenocarcinoma. Said CA125, CA72-4 producing.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Ovary serous adenocarcinoma. Said CA125, CA15-3 producing.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human ovary mucinous adenocarcinoma cell line.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Serous cystadenocarcinoma. CA125 producing. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human ovary serous cyst adenocarcinoma cell line. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human ovary mucinous tubular adenocarcinoma cell line. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human ovary clear cell carcinoma cell line. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from ovary cancer. Clear cell carcinoma. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. Said CA125,CA19-9 (+). Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from ovarian squamous cell cancer.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese ovarian serous adenocarcinoma. Said CA125 producing. Cell growth is slow.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from adenocarcinoma of ovary. TKG0602(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: ovary, ascites meta in animal: human.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from ovarial cancer, subclone of RCB2535. TKG0323 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from ovarian endometrioid carcinoma, subclone of RCB1903. TKG0357 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Granulosa cell tumor. Possible to produce progesterone after HCG addition. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: ovary, peritoneum in animal: human.
Originator: Nishi, Yoshihiro & Nawata, Hajime
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lymphnode-metastatic ovarian tumor. So called HM-1 cells.
Derived from tissue: ovary in animal: mouse, C57BL x C3H.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Worm cell line established by Grace. Culturable in MGM-450-10%FBS.
Derived from tissue: ovary in animal: silkworm.
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Useful for recombinant BmNPV expression
A immortal human ovary-derived fibroblast cell line cell that has the characteristics: Silkworm (Bombyx mori) cell line derived from ovary. Useful for the identification and analysis of homologous recombination-related genes in the silkworm.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: SHP1 deficient DT40 cells
Derived from tissue: B cell in animal: avian.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Ku70 gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad51B gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad51C gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad51D gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: XRCC2 gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad52 gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad54 and Rad54B gene double-deleted DT40 (chicken B cells).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad54 gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Ku70 and Rad54B gene double-deleted DT40 (chicken B cells).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: XRCC3 gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: BLNK and Grb2 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: SHIP deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Grb2 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: SHP1 and SHP2 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: BLNK and Syk deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Btk deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: PLC-γ2 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Syk deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lyn deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Grap deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: IP3R type1 and IP3R type3 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: IP3R type2and IP3R type3 deficient DT40
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Grb2and Grap deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: TRP1 deficient DT40
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: SHP2 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Shc deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: BLNK deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Cbl deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: BCAP deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Vav3 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: PI3Kp110α deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad54 gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cells). Inducible expression of human Rad54 is possible.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: ATM gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cells).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: ATM and Rad54 gene double-deleted DT40 (chicken B cells). Inducible expression of human Rad54 is possible.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Endogenous Ubc9 deficient DT40 cells but expressing Ubc9 exogenously
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Ras GRP1 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lyn and Sky deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: DNA PK gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad51 gene deleted and human Rad51 gene inserted DT40 (chicken B cell line).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: ATM and Ku70 gene double-deleted DT40 (chicken B cells).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: IP3R type1 and IP3R type2 deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mre11 gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line), subclone of RCB1630.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mre11 gene deleted DT40 (chicken B cell line), subclone of RCB1629.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: IP3R(type1,type2,type3) deficient DT40 cells
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 (chicken B cell line), lacking Nbs1 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking DinB expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking Rad18 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rad54 and Ku70 gene double-deleted DT40 (chicken B cells).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking Rev3 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking both of Rad52 and XRCC3 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking both of RasGRP1 and RasGRP3 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking RasGRP3 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking Sos1 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking Sos2 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking both Sos1 and Sos2 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking both of DNAPK and Ku70 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking XRCC3 only in one allele.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking BLM (Bloom syndrome gene) expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking both of Rad18 and XPA expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking both of Rad18 and DinB expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking both of WRN (Werner syndrome gene) and BLM (Bloom syndrome gene) expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking both of DinB and XPA expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking WRN (Werner syndrome gene) expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chicken B cell line transformed by avian leukosis virus. c-myc and IgM expressing.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking CARMA1 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking PKC-β expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking TAK1 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking ligase IV expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, lacking STIM1 expression.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mre11 and Ku70 gene double-deleted DT40 (chicken B cells).
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of DT40 cell line, which lacks XRCC3 inducibly by tamoxifen.
A immortal chicken B cell line cell that has the characteristics: IL-5 dependent early B-cell line. Also grows on IL-3. The population contain non-IL-5-dependent cell
Derived from tissue: B cell in animal: mouse.
A immortal human prostate gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.
Derived from tissue: prostate in animal: human.
A immortal human prostate gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from bone metastasis of prostatic cancer. TKG0600(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: prostate, bone meta in animal: human.
A immortal human prostate gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from brain metastasis of prostate carcinoma. TKG0604(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: prostate, brain meta in animal: human.
A immortal human prostate gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from prostate adenocarcinoma. Derived from lymph node metastasis. TKG0603(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: prostate, lymph node meta in animal: human.
A immortal human duodenum-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Papillotubular adenocarcinoma of the Vater's papilla. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: duodenum in animal: human.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: N-myc gene amplification
Derived from tissue: bone marrow in animal: human.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: N-myc gene amplicon analysis
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human acute myeloid leukemia derived cell.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Japanese AML. Said i(12p)(p11) and unbalanced t(5;12). Need confirmation before use.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Subline of F-36P. Erythropoietin-dependent
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from bone marrow stromal cells. Useful to propagate hematopoietic stem cells.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human T-cell line derived from acute lynphblastic leukemia. TKG0251 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from megakaryoblastic leukemia. TKG0458(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: GM-CSF- or IL-3-dependent cell line. Differentiate to erythoid cells with erythropoietin.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human mesenchymal cell line derived from bone marrow. Immortalized by HPV E6, E7, and hTERT. RCB2152- RCB2163 are derived from the same bone marrow.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human mesenchymal cell line derived from bone marrow. Immortalized by bmi-1, HPV E6, and hTERT. RCB2152- RCB2163 are derived from the same bone marrow.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human mesenchymal cell line derived from bone marrow. Immortalized by HPV E7 and hTERT. RCB2152- RCB2163 are derived from the same bone marrow.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human mesenchymal cell line derived from bone marrow. Immortalized by HPV E6 and E7. RCB2152- RCB2163 are derived from the same bone marrow.
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human acute myeloid leukemia. The variant subline (RCB1928 KG-1a) CD3-,CD13+,CD14-,CD15+,CD19-,CD33+
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from acute myelogenous leukemia. The variant subline of KG-1(RCB1166) cell line. TKG0402(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human bone marrow-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: p53 deficient mouse bone marrow derived cell. Useful for study of p53 suppressor oncogene. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: bone marrow in animal: mouse, 129/sv-(p53-/-).
A immortal human eye-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from retinoblastoma. TKG0601(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: eye in animal: human.
A immortal human eye-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Caucasian retinoblastoma. May have reverse transcriptase. Back up culture of ECA2583.
A immortal human eye-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: alpha, beta-crystaline expressing human lense epithelial cell line. plasmid DNA: pRSV-B-T Ag.
Derived from tissue: eye, lens in animal: human.
A immortal human tongue-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Highly sensitive to bleomycin
Derived from tissue: tongue in animal: human.
A immortal human tongue-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma derived cell line. TKG0489 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human tongue-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human cell line derived from tongue cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma. TKG0470(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal human tongue-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line. HLA-A 2/24. TKG0484(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
A immortal mouse B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from B cell lymphoma.
Derived from tissue: B cell lymphoma in animal: mouse.
A immortal mouse B cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from B cell leukemia. TKG0435 (Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: B cell leukemia in animal: mouse, BALB/C.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: H2O2 resistant Chinese Hamster V79 cells
Derived from tissue: lung in animal: hamster, Chinese.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chinese hamster lung fibroblast
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pseudodiploid, two marker chromosomes
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: Widely used in chromosome aberration test
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the V79 cell line following cloning. Widely used for radiation biology, mutagenesis and mammalian cell genetics.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the V79 cell line. Widely used for radiation biology, mutagenesis and mammalian cell genetics.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: X-ray-sensitive mutant derived from the V79 cell line. XRCC8 gene deficient.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the V79 cell line. X-ray-sensitive mutant. XRCC8 gene deficient.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the V79 cell line. X-ray-sensitive mutant. XRCC5(ku80) gene deficient.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: A subline of the V79B cell line. X-ray-sensitive mutant. XRCC5(ku80) gene deficient.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: Chinese hamster cell line. Epithelial-like adherent cells.
Derived from tissue: unknown in animal: hamster, Chinese.
A immortal Chinese hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: Smooth muscle cell sarcoma from Chinese hamster.
Derived from tissue: uterus in animal: hamster, Chinese.
A immortal rat colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Metastasis to liver
Derived from tissue: colon in animal: rat, F344.
A immortal rat colon-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Metastasis to liver, lung
A immortal rat embryo-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Suitable as feeders for hybridoma cloning
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: rat, Wistar.
A immortal Syrian golden hamster cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mutin producing, BHP-induced pancreatic tumor
Derived from tissue: pancreas in animal: hamster, Syrian.
A immortal gold fish blood cell line cell that has the characteristics: Tumor cells derived from Gold Fish red pigment cells.
Derived from tissue: body in animal: gold fish.
A immortal gold fish cell line cell that has the characteristics: Gold fish erythrophoroma with 4n chromosomal mode
Derived from tissue: erythrophoroma in animal: gold fish.
A immortal gold fish cell line cell that has the characteristics: Tumor cells derived from Gold Fish red pigment cells.
Derived from tissue: flank in animal: gold fish.
A immortal gold fish cell line cell that has the characteristics: Pinna fibroblast
Derived from tissue: pinna in animal: gold fish.
A immortal gold fish cell line cell that has the characteristics: Scale fibroblast
Derived from tissue: scale in animal: gold fish.
A immortal gold fish cell line cell that has the characteristics: Scale fibroblast. Possible to culture in DMEM medium. See RCB0082.
A immortal mouse rectum-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mouse cell line derived from rectal cancer. BALB/c strain.TKG0518(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: rectum in animal: mouse, BALB/c.
A immortal rat mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from mammary gland carcinoma which is induced by DMBA in the transgenic rat expressing human prototype c-Ha-ras gene.
Derived from tissue: mammary gland in animal: rat, c-Ha-ras transgenic.
A immortal rat mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from mammary carcinoma. TKG0132(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: mammary gland in animal: rat, SD.
A immortal rat mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Rat cell line derived from mammary carcinoma. TKG0565(Deposited from Tohoku Univ.).
Derived from tissue: mammary gland in animal: rat, Wistar.
A immortal mouse endothelial cell line cell that has the characteristics: Vascular endothelial cells derived from pituitary gland of temperature-sensitive T antigen transgenic mouse.
A immortal human adrenal cortex-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Fibroblasts from multiple endocrine neoplasia
Derived from tissue: adrenal cortex in animal: human.
A immortal human adrenal cortex-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Buck-up culture of ECA85051002. Mouse steroid hormone secreting adrenal cortex cell line.
Derived from tissue: adrenal cortex in animal: mouse.
A immortal human mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Same as OCUB-1, OCUB-F. Chromosome = pseudotetraploid.
Derived from tissue: mammary gland, pleural fluid in animal: human.
A immortal human mammary gland-derived cell line cell that has the characteristics: Same as OCUB-1, OCUB-M. Chromosome = pseudodiploid
A immortal mink cell line cell that has the characteristics: Mink (RCB1833) cells transformed by Moloney murine sarcoma virus.
Derived from tissue: lung in animal: mink.
A immortal mink cell line cell that has the characteristics: Lung epithelial cell line derived from mink. Useful for focus forming assays for murine leukemia virus.
A immortal medaka cell line cell that has the characteristics: Medaka cell line derived from HdrR strain.
Derived from tissue: embryo in animal: medaka.
A immortal medaka cell line cell that has the characteristics: Medaka cell line derived from HB32 strain.
A immortal medaka cell line cell that has the characteristics: Medaka cell line derived from HNI strain.
Derived from tissue: caudal fin in animal: medaka.
A immortal medaka cell line cell that has the characteristics: H04C medaka hepatoma pretreated with MAM-acetate
Derived from tissue: liver in animal: medaka.
A immortal medaka cell line cell that has the characteristics: Medaka cell line derived from hepatoma cells.
A immortal medaka cell line cell that has the characteristics: Fish (medaka) fin fibroblast. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: fin in animal: medaka.
A immortal medaka cell line cell that has the characteristics: HB32C medaka treated with MNNG. From peritoneum. Amelanotic. Cell growth is slow.
Derived from tissue: melanoma in animal: medaka.
Derived from tissue: gums in animal: African Savannah Elephant.
cell
PMID:18089833.Cancer Res. 2007 Dec 15;67(24):12018-25. "...Epithelial cells were harvested from histologically confirmed adenocarcinomas .."
A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane.
Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane.
A cell type is a distinct morphological or functional form of cell. Examples are epithelial, glial etc.
The definition of cell is intended to represent all cells, and thus a cell is defined as a material entity and not an anatomical structure, which implies that it is part of an organism (or the entirety of one).
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000324
A cell that is found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment).
To accommodate unicellular organisms better, 'cell in vivo' has been re-labeled 'native cell' to better represent its intended meaning - that is, that it is a cell in the context of a multicellular organism or in a natural environment. 'Native' is intended to contrast with 'in vitro', which refers to cells or other biological entities that have been intentionally placed in a controlled, non-natural setting for the purpose of study or manipulation. (MAH 1.12.12).
A cell found in the embryo before the formation of all the gem layers is complete.
A cell in vitro that is or has been maintained or propagated as part of a cell culture.
Note that this class was re-labeled to 'cultured cell' instead of 'cell line cell', as it intent was clarified to cover any cultured cells of multicellular and unicellular organisms. This includes cells actively being cultured, or cells that have been cultured but are stored in a quiescent state for future use. In having been cultured, cells must establish homeostasis and often replicate in a foreign environment. Accomodation of this stress initiates a selection of cells fit for such challenges, wherein necessary adaptive biochemical and.or genetic changes can occur. These changes can set them apart from the in vivo cells from which they derive, and such changes will typically accumulate and change over increasing time in culture.
A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to spermatids.
A male germ cell that develops from the haploid secondary spermatocytes. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to spermatozoa.
A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid.
An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis.
Female germ cell is a germ cell that supports female gamete production.
A female germ cell that has entered meiosis.
An undifferentiated germ cell that proliferates rapidly and gives rise to oocytes.
A female gamete where meiosis has progressed to metaphase II and is able to participate in fertilization.
A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.
A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. Hematopoietic stem cells lack cell markers of effector cells (lin-negative). Lin-negative is defined by lacking one or more of the following cell surface markers: CD2, CD3 epsilon, CD4, CD5 ,CD8 alpha chain, CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD56, ly6G, ter119.
Markers differ between species, and two sets of markers have been described for mice. HSCs are reportedly CD34-positive, CD45-positive, CD48-negative, CD150-positive, CD133-positive, and CD244-negative.
A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. This cell is ter119-positive but lacks expression of other hematopoietic lineage markers (lin-negative).
A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring.
Originally this term had some plant germ line cell children.
Neural stem cell is characterized as an undifferentiated cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple types of lineage-restricted progenitors.
A stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages of cells.
A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. These cells are CD34-positive, and express Gata1, Gata2, C/EBPa, and Pu.1.
colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte
CMP are reportedly CD16-positive, CD32-positive, CD38-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD110-negative, CD117-positive, CD123-positive, and SCA1-negative.
A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages.
colony forming unit erythroid megakaryocyte
MEPs are reportedly CD19-negative, CD34-negative, CD45RA-negative, CD110-positive, CD117-positive, and SCA1-negative and reportedly express the transcription factors GATA-1 and NF-E2.
A oligopotent progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage.
CLP are CD7-positive, CD10-positive, CD19-negative, CD34-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD79a-negative, CD127-positive, AA4.1-positive, RAG-negative, Sca-1-low, sIgM-negative, sIgD-negative, TdT-negative, Vpre-B-negative, and pre-BCR-negative. Expression of transcription factors include E2A-positive, EBF-positive, Ikaros-negative, PU.1-negative, and Pax5-negative.
A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form.
A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates.
define using PATO mulit-potent or oligopotent?
A precursor cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes.
An embryonic (precursor) cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes.
An embryonic cell that becomes a cell of muscle fiber.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000611
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#myoblast
A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. Flattened and irregular in outline with branching processes; appear fusiform or spindle-shaped.
A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.
A connective-tissue cell of mesenchymal origin that secretes proteins and especially molecular collagen from which the extracellular fibrillar matrix of connective tissue forms.
A large, flat, oval cell found in connective tissue and responsible for the formation of fibers.
These cells may be vimentin-positive, fibronectin-positive, fsp1-positive, MMP-1-positive, collagen I-positive, collagen III-positive, and alpha-SMA-negative.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000496
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#fibroblast
Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell.
Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell.
legacy def: One of the cells forming the outer surface of dental pulp that produces tooth dentin.
Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell.
non-encoded relationships from VSAO - capable_of_producing VSAO:0000020
A cell that has a filiform extrusion of the cell surface.
A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. The cell has a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and for cell polarity where apical part is directed towards the lumen and the basal part to the basal lamina.
A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface.
Cell that cover the surface of the body and line its cavities.
Cell that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (epithelium) or masses (MSH).
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000475
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#epithelial_cell
An endothelial cell that lines the vasculature.
cuboidal endothelial cell of vascular tree
A flattened epithelial cell of mesenchymal origin that lines the serous cavity.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0001419
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mesothelial_cell
A cell found predominately in the blood.
A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000208
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#T_cell
A cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. Progenitors leave bone marrow and mature in connective and mucosal tissue. Mature mast cells are found in all tissues, except the bloodstream. Their phenotype is CD117-high, CD123-negative, CD193-positive, CD200R3-positive, and FceRI-high. Stem-cell factor (KIT-ligand; SCF) is the main controlling signal of their survival and development.
Mast cells are generally integrin beta-7-negative and positive for TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, TLR9, C3aR, C5aR, CR3, CR4, VEGF, FGF2, and renin. They can express MHC Class I and II on their surface. Activated murine mast cells (IgE+Antigen) were capable of expressing the following co-stimulatory molecules: CD95 (Fas), CD120b, CD137 (4-1BB), CD153 (CD30L), CD154 (CD40L), GITR, ICOSL, OX40L, PD-L1, and PD-L2. Note that there was some mouse strain variation. Mast cells have also been demonstrated to produce bFGF, CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CCL20, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL10, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-8, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12, IL-13, IL-16, IL-25, IL-18, MIP-1, prostaglandin D2, SCF, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, TSLP, VEGF, and XCL1. They express the transcription factors Transcription factors AP-1, GATA1, MITF, Notch2, PIAS3, PU.1, and STAT5.
Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions.
A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body.
A neuron that is part of nerve found outside the central nervous system.
A vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus.
An endothelial cell comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures and can be squamous or cuboidal. In mammals, endothelial cell has vimentin filaments and is derived from the mesoderm.
From FMA: 9.07.2001: Endothelial cell has always been classified as a kind of epithelial cell, specifically a squamous cell but that is not true. First, endothelial cell can either be squamous or cuboidal (e.g. high-endothelial cell) and secondly, it has different embryological derivation (mesodermal) than a true epithelial cell (ectodermal and endodermal). The basis for present classification is the fact that it comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures (location-based) but a better structural basis for the differentia is the cytoskeleton of the cell. Endothelial cell has vimentin filaments while an epithelial cell has keratin filaments. [Onard].
The main type of cell found in the inside lining of blood vessels, lymph vessels, and the heart.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000467
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#endothelial_cell
A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons.
A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury.
Astrocytes are reportedly CD68-negative, CD121a-positive, CD184-positive, CD192-positive, CRF-positive, EGFR-positive, GFAP-positive, GLUT1-positive, MBP-negative, and NGFR-positive.
A central nervous system macrophage found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system. Marker include CD11b-positive, F4/80-positive, and CD68-positive.
Markers: Mouse: CD11b+, F4/80+, CD68+. They represent ~12% of the cells in the CNS, but they are not uniformly distributed within the CNS. A normal adult mouse brain has approximately 3.5x10e6 microglia. Microglia are also reportedly CD3-negative, CD4-positive, CD8-negative, CD11b-positive, CD11c-high, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD45-low, CD56-negative, CD163-negative, CD200R-positive, CD281-positive, CD282-positive, CD283-positive, CD284-positive, CD285-positive, CD286-positive, CD287-positive, CD288-positive, CD289-positive, Gr1-negative, nestin-positive, and PU.1-positive.
A connective tissue cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses. This cell type is CD73-positive, CD90-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative, CD34-negative, and MHCII-negative. They may further differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, myocytes, neurons, or chondroblasts in vitro. Originally described as residing in the bone marrow, this cell type is now known to reside in many, if not all, adult organs.
Many but not all mesenchymal cells derive from the mesoderm. MSCs are reportedly CD3-negative, CD4-negative, CD5-negative, CD8-negative, CD11a-negative, CD11b-negative, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD29-positive, CD31-negative, CD34-negative, CD38-negative, CD40-negative, CD44-positive, CD45-negative, CD49-positive, CD54-positive, CD66b-negative, CD79a-negative, CD80-negative, CD102-positive, CD106-positive, CD117-positive, CD121a-positive, CD121b-positive, CD123-positive, CD124-positive, CD133-negative, CD146-positive, CD166-positive, CD271-positive, B220-negative, Gr1-negative, MHCI-positive, MHCII-negative, SSEA4-negative, sca1-positive, Ter119-negative, and glycophorin A-negative. Cultured MSCs are capable of producing stem cell factor, IL7, IL8, IL11, TGF-beta, cofilin, galectin-1, laminin-receptor 1, cyclophilin A, and MMP-2.
A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of triglycerides.
Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell.
A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance.
A specialized epithelial cell that is capable of synthesizing and secreting certain biomolecules.
A cell that specializes in controlled release of one or more substances.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0002446
A cell of an exocrine gland, i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct.
A cell that secretes glycosaminoglycans.
A large, oval stomach epithelial cell with a central nucleus; source of gastric acid. Secretes HCl.
A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions.
An endocrine cell that is located in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract or in the pancreas.
An endocrine cell that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones in response to neuronal signals.
A cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system.
A Leydig cell is a testosterone-secreting cell in the interstitial area, between the seminiferous tubules, in the testis.
Note that the Amphibian Anatomy Ontology (AA) has a class 'leydig cells' but this is unrelated
A cell whose primary function is intermediary metabolism.
The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. Majority of cell population of liver, polygonal in shape, arranged in plates or trabeculae between sinusoids; may have single nucleus or binucleated.
Hepatocytes are reportedly MHC Class I-positive and MHC Class II-positive.
A cell whose primary function is to shorten.
An animal cell that has characteristics of both a fibroblast cell and a smooth muscle cell.
Myofibroblasts are alpha-SMA-positive, CD34-negative, CD45-negative. They are reportedly capable of secreting IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha.
A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte. This cell has as part of its cytoplasm myofibrils organized in various patterns.
A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle.
Mature contractile cells, commonly known as myocytes, that form one of three kinds of muscle. The three types of muscle cells are skeletal (muscle fibers), cardiac (myocytes, cardiac), and smooth (myocytes, smooth muscle). They are derived from embryonic (precursor) muscle cells called myoblasts (MSH).
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000609
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#muscle_cell
A somatic cell located in skeletal muscle.
A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They develop from specialized myoblasts (smooth muscle myoblast).
Non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cells found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They are derived from specialized myoblasts (myoblasts, smooth muscle) (MSH).
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000703
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#smooth_muscle_cell
A cell specialized to detect and transduce light.
A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal.
A cell within an epithelial cell sheet whose main function is to act as an internal or external covering for a tissue or an organism.
A meso-epithelial cell that lies between the cartilaginous fibers in the synovial membrane of a joint and produces hyaluronic acid.
A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments.
A supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete androgen binding protein. Their tight junctions with the spermatogonia and spermatocytes provide a blood-testis barrier.
A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons.
A cell that moves by its own activities.
A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo.
A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo.
A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo.
A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen.
A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen.
Any of the hemoglobin-containing cells that carry oxygen to the tissues and are responsible for the red color of vertebrate blood.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000477
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#erythrocyte
Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis.
A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells.
Morphology: Diameter 30_M-80 _M, abundant cytoplasm, low N/C ratio, eccentric nucleus. Irregular shape with pseudopods, highly adhesive. Contain vacuoles and phagosomes, may contain azurophilic granules; markers: Mouse & Human: CD68, in most cases CD11b. Mouse: in most cases F4/80+; role or process: immune, antigen presentation, & tissue remodelling; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid.
A lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and capable of B cell mediated immunity.
A lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and surface immunoglobulin-positive.
Immunologically important lymphocyte that is not thymus-dependent, is either short-lived and naive or long-lived and of memory phenotype, and resembles the bursa-derived lymphocyte of birds in that it is responsible for the production of immunoglobulins.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000101
A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear.
Obsolete. Use PO:0020094 from Plant Ontology instead. The female gamete of plants.
Differentiating cell composing the aggregate that has acquired adhesive properties.
Unicellular haploid myxamoebae that feeds on bacteria and divides by binary fission.
Cell that has properties of anterior cells (for e.g., accumulate vital dyes in autophagic vesicles) but that is are scattered throughout the rear of the slug. Some but not all these cells express the ecmA gene and/or the ecmB gene. ALCs maintain an amoeboid appearance during culmination. ALCs that express the ecmO promoter have been called pstO/ALC.
A cell whose primary function is to provide structural support, to provide strength and physical integrity to the organism.
A peptide hormone secreting cell that produces growth hormone, somatotropin.
A mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
An epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell.
Keratinocytes are reportedly CDw210a-negative, CDw210b-positive, CD281-positive, CD282-positive, CD285-positive, IL22Ra1-positive, Human keratinocytes are reportedly capable of secreting BD-2, BD-3, hCAP-18, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8, elafin, MMP-3, NGAL, PDGF-A, S100A7, S100A8, and S100A9. Transcription factors: STAT3-positive.
Skin cell, of the keratinized layer of epidermis: its characteristic intermediate filament protein is cytokeratin.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000560
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#keratinocyte
A cell that is specialised to accumulate a particular substance(s).
A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body.
A mesenchymal cell in embryonic development found in a contracting mass and that gives rise to osteoprogenitors.
An embryonic cell that develops into a nerve cell or neuron.
A cell lining the outside of the blastocyst. After binding to the endometrium, trophoblast cells develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblast cells and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblast cells, which form the early fetal-maternal interface.
A cell of the outer layer of a blastula that gives rise to the ectoderm after gastrulation.
An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote).
A multifate stem cell found in skeletal muscle than can differentiate into many different cell types. Distinct cell type from satellite cell.
An epithelial cell of the integument (the outer layer of an organism).
Diploid cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and egg cell.
A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal.
A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell.
A cell whose nucleus, or nuclei, each contain more than two haploid genomes.
A cell whose nucleus contains a single haploid genome.
A peptide hormone cell that secretes prolactin.
A cell of the intermediate pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone.
melanocyte stimulating hormone secreting cell
A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. These cells are lineage negative (CD3-negative, CD19-negative, CD34-negative, and CD56-negative).
Langerhans cell is a conventional dendritic cell that has plasma membrane part CD207. A Langerhans cell is a stellate dendritic cell of myeloid origin, that appears clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus.
Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000021 )(PMID:19243617). These cells are also CD1a-high, CD14-negative, CD207-positive (langerin), CD324-positive (E-cadherin), and DCIR-positive. They reside in the epidermis.
A peptide hormone secreting cell that produces adrenocorticotropin, or corticotropin.
adrenocorticotrophic hormone secreting cell
adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting cell
A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotrophin. This cell type is elongated, polygonal and lie in clusters towards the adenohypophyseal center.
thyroid stimulating hormone secreting cell
A connective tissue cell of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.
A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes androgen binding protein.
A precursor cell destined to differentiate into cardiac muscle cell.
A precursor cell destined to differentiate into smooth muscle myocytes.
A neuron which conveys sensory information centrally from the periphery.
A neuron which sends impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells.
The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.
These cells are also reportedly CD4-negative and CD200-positive. They are also capable of producing CD40L and IFN-gamma.
neuron
A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin.
Editors note: consider adding taxon constraint to vertebrata (PMID:18025161)
An immature, nucleated erythrocyte occupying the stage of erythropoeisis that follows formation of erythroid progenitor cells. This cell is CD71-positive, has both a nucleus and a nucleolus, and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers.
A nucleated immature erythrocyte, having cytoplasm generally similar to that of the earlier proerythroblast but sometimes even more basophilic, and usually regular in outline. The nucleus is still relatively large, but the chromatin strands are thicker and more deeply staining, giving a coarser appearance; the nucleoli have disappeared. This cell is CD71-positive and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers.
A nucleated, immature erythrocyte in which the nucleus occupies a relatively smaller part of the cell than in its precursor, the basophilic erythroblast. The cytoplasm is beginning to acquire hemoglobin and thus is no longer a purely basophilic, but takes on acidophilic aspects, which becomes progressively more marked as the cell matures. The chromatin of the nucleus is arranged in coarse, deeply staining clumps. This cell is CD71-positive and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers.
The final stage of the nucleated, immature erythrocyte, before nuclear loss. Typically the cytoplasm is described as acidophilic, but it still shows a faint polychromatic tint. The nucleus is small and initially may still have coarse, clumped chromatin, as in its precursor, the polychromatophilic erythroblast, but ultimately it becomes pyknotic, and appears as a deeply staining, blue-black, homogeneous structureless mass. The nucleus is often eccentric and sometimes lobulated.
An immature erythrocyte that changes the protein composition of its plasma membrane by exosome formation and extrusion. The types of protein removed differ between species though removal of the transferrin receptor is apparent in mammals and birds.
A mesenchymal stem cell capable of developing into blood vessel endothelium.
These cells are reportedly CD31-positive, CD34-positive, CD144-positive, CD309-positive, and TAL1-positive.
A cell that originates in the neural crest, that has certain cytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics and is found scattered throughout the body; types include melanocytes, the cells of the chromaffin system, and cells in the hypothalamus, hypophysis, thyroid, parathyroids, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. This cell type concentrates the amino acid precursors of certain amines and decarboxylate them, forming amines that function as regulators and neurotransmitters. This cell type produces substances such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, enkephalin, somatostatin, neurotensin, and substance P, the actions of which may affect contiguous cells, nearby groups of cells, or distant cells, thus functioning as local or systemic hormones. The name is an acronym for amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell.
amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell
One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision.
Myeloid mononuclear recirculating leukocyte that can act as a precursor of tissue macrophages, osteoclasts and some populations of tissue dendritic cells.
Morphology: Mononuclear cell, diameter, 14 to 20 _M, N/C ratio 2:1-1:1. Nucleus may appear in variety of shapes: round, kidney, lobulated, or convoluted. Fine azurophilic granules present; markers: CD11b (shared with other myeloid cells), human: CD14, mouse: F4/80-mid,GR1-low; location: Blood, but can be recruited into tissues; role or process: immune & tissue remodelling; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid.
A cell in vitro that has undergone physical changes as a consequence of a deliberate and specific experimental procedure.
This class has been re-labeled to imply reference only to in vitro experimentally modified cells, similarly, the definition has been slightly updated to reflect this. 'experimentally modified cell' refers only to cells in vitro, and not modified in vivo/in environment cells. There is currently no class representing unmodified in vitro cells (other than the parent 'cell in vitro'), or a class representing modified native cells. More granular subclassing of experimentally modified cell can be found in ReO. MHB 1.12.12
A macrophage resident in the peritoneum under non-inflammatory conditions. Markers include F4/80-high, CD11b-high, CD68-positive, SIGNR1-positive, CD115-high, MHC-II-negative, and Dectin-1-positive.
Markers: Mouse: F4/80-high, CD11b-high, CD68+, SIGNR1+, Dectin-1+.
The reproductive cell in multicellular organisms.
One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision.
A lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells.
Granule cell that is part of the olfactory bulb.
A cell whose primary function is to support other cell types.
A cell that stains readily in the anterior pituitary gland.
chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland
An acidophilic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland.
acidophil cell of pars anterior of adenohypophysis
acidophil of pars anterior of adenohypophysis
acidophil of pars distalis of adenohypophysis
acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis
A supportive cell of the vertebrate pituitary that provides macromolecular transport and secretes hormones.
Undifferentiated; mitotic stem cell for other epithelial cell types; rounded or elliptical with little cytoplasm and few organelles; contain cytokeratin intermediate filament.
A mucus-secreting cell, with numerous apical secretory vesicles containing mucins; nucleus are basally displaced; numerous at the neck of mucus secreting glands
A primary oocyte is an oocyte that has not completed female meosis I.
A secondary oocyte is an oocyte that has not completed meiosis II.
A diploid cell that has derived from a spermatogonium and can subsequently begin meiosis and divide into two haploid secondary spermatocytes.
One of the two haploid cells into which a primary spermatocyte divides, and which in turn gives origin to spermatids.
An extracellular matrix secreting cell that secretes collagen.
The cell characteristic of an organ, as distinguished from associated connective or supporting tissues.
cell type has a similar but slightly different meaning in botany (plants): see PO:0000074.
A primordial germ cell is a diploid germ cell precursors that transiently exist in the embryo before they enter into close association with the somatic cells of the gonad and become irreversibly committed as germ cells.
A mature sexual reproductive cell of the female germline.
A cell that stores and secretes pancreatic polypeptide hormone.
Epithelial cells derived from neural plate and neural crest.
The term "neuroepithelial cell" is used to describe both this cell type and sensory epithelial cell (CL:0000098).
A stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line.
Muscle cell which has as its direct parts myofilaments organized into sarcomeres.
An achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue.
The set of neurons that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve.
Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. In mammals, the contractile fiber resembles those of skeletal muscle but are only one third as large in diameter, are richer in sarcoplasm, and contain centrally located instead of peripheral nuclei.
A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors.
A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage.
A immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes.
Note that in FMA erythropoietic cells are types of nucleated erythrocytes and thus don't include erythrocytes.
A nucleated precursor of an erythrocyte that lacks hematopoietic lineage markers.
A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage.
A terminally differentiated cell of the B lymphocyte lineage that produces antibodies; plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern.
A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, antibody secreting cell of the B cell lineage with the phenotype CD138-positive, surface immunonoglobulin-negative, and MHC Class II-negative. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern and are devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000654
A T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex.
An alpha-beta T cell that has an immature phenotype and has not completed T cell selection.
A alpha-beta T cell that has a mature phenotype.
A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta T cell that regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release.
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell
A thymocyte expressing the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex as well as both the CD4 and CD8 coreceptors.
double-positive, alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte
Thymocytes of this stage are undergoing positive and negative selection.
A precursor B cell is a B cell with the phenotype CD10-positive.
A progenitor cell of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs.
Human pro-B cells are reportedly CD10-positive, CD22-positive, CD34-positive, CD38-positive, CD45-low, CD48-positive, CD79a-positive, CD127-positive, CD184-positive, RAG-positive, TdT-positive, Vpre-B-positive, pre-BCR-negative, IgD-negative, and IgM-negative. Transcription factors expressed: Pax5-positive, EBF-positive, E2A-negative, Ikaros-negative, and PU.1-negative.
A lymphoid progenitor cell of the T cell lineage, with some lineage specific marker expression, but not yet fully committed to the T cell lineage.
A myeloblast committed to the basophil lineage.
The most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ration (5:1-7:1), and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. They reside in the bone marrow.
A hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell is multipotent, but not capable of long-term self-renewal. These cells are characterized as lacking lineage cell surface markers and being CD34-positive in both mice and humans.
hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell
A progenitor cell restricted to the lymphoid lineage.
Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type.
lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell
A progenitor cell restricted to the myeloid lineage.
myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell
A macrophage constitutively resident in a particular tissue under non-inflammatory conditions, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells.
CD4-positive alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD25-positive, CTLA-4-positive, and FoxP3-positive with regulatory function.
A effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells.
A cell that is maintained or propagated in a controlled artificial environment for use in an investigation.
'In vitro', translating literally to 'in glass', typically refers to a controlled, often sterile, laboratory setting where cells or other specimens are placed by some agent for the purpose of studying or manipulating them as part of some research investigation. 'In vitro' is intended to contrast with 'native',which refers to cells or other biological entities that are found in a natural setting. It describes unicellular organisms removed from a natural environement and multicellular organism cells removed from an organism, or cells derived in culture from such displaced cells.
A hematopoietic progenitor cell that is capable of developing into only one lineage of hematopoietic cells.
hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell
A hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell that has the ability to differentiate into limited cell types but lacks lineage cell markers and self renewal capabilities. Cell lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers.
hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell
An enterocrine cell that produces glucagon.
Specialized cardiac myocyte that is subendocardially interspersed with the regular cardiac muscle cell. They are uninucleate cylindrical cells, associated end-to-end in long rows, continue from the node to the atrioventricular bundle; relatively short compared to ordinary myocytes but are nearly twice their diameter.
A specialized cardiac myocyte in the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes. The cell is slender and fusiform confined to the nodal center, circumferentially arranged around the nodal artery.
Specialized cardiac myocyte which is in the internodal tract and atrioventricular node. The cell is more slender than ordinary atrial myocytes and has more myofibrils than nodal myocytes.
The myoendocrine cellis a specialized myocyte localized mainly in the right and left atrial appendages, and also scattered within other areas of the atria and along the conductive system in the ventricular septum. The most conspicuous feature distinguishing myoendocrine cells from other atrial myoctyes is the presence of membane-bounded secretory granules (these granules contain precursor of cardiodilatins or atrial natriuretic polypeptides).
An epithelial cell derived from endoderm.
An epithelial cell derived from ectoderm.
Epithelial cell derived from mesoderm or mesenchyme.
A cardiac myocyte that is an excitable cells in the myocardium, specifically in the conducting system of heart.
An endothelial cell of the vascular tree, which includes blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
cubodial endothelial cell of vascular tree
These cells are reportedly CD31-positive, CD34-positive, CD144-positive, TAL1-positive.
Epithelial cells derived from general body ectoderm and ectoderm placodes.
An epithelial cell that remains from the disintegration of the epithelial root sheath involved in the development of teeth.
An epithelial cell of the tracheobronchial tree.
epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree
An epithelial cell present in the trachea and bronchi; columnar in shape; generally lack cilia; immature forms of ciliated or secretory cells which have been formed from stem cells.
undifferentiated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree
An epithelial cell of the musculomembranous digestive tube extending from the mouth to the anus.
An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin.
A cell that is part of the nervous system.
A cell of the supporting or framework tissue of the body, arising chiefly from the embryonic mesoderm and including adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone.
An endo-epithelial cell of the respiratory tract.
A cell of an organism that does not pass on its genetic material to the organism's offspring (i.e. a non-germ line cell).
A T cell that expresses a T cell receptor complex and has completed T cell selection.
A T cell that has not completed T cell selection.
A cell located in the heart, including both muscle and non muscle cells.
From Onard of the FMA: Cardiac muscle cell or cardiac myocyte is a striated muscle cell. Cardiocyte on the other hand is any cell in the heart which includes cells other than muscle cells (e.g. endothelial cell of endocardium). Unless there is a consensus among anatomists that cardiocytes refer only to muscle cells, we will treat them as a general class of cells in the heart.
An endothelial progenitor cell that participates in angiogenesis during development.
embryonic blood vessel endothelial progenitor cell
A cell of the seminiferous tubule epithelium.
epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract
A glandular epithelial cell that is part of the stomach.
A multi-fate stem cell that can give rise to different retinal cell types including rod and cone cells.
A CNS interneuron located in the spinal cord.
Is_a interneuron, part_of UBERON:0002240.
A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney which regulates sodium and potassium balance. The activity of sodium and potassium channels on the cells apical membrane is regulated by aldosterone and vasopressin. In mammals these cells are located in the renal collecting ducts.
Cell that has the potential to form a skeletal cell type (e.g. cells in periosteum, cells in marrow) and produce extracellular matrix (often mineralized) and skeletal tissue (often mineralized).
Needs logical definition. Should be capable_of skeletal system morphogenesis? or skeletal tissue development? needs to be added to GO. NOTES:a cell type of the early embryo (see also: mesenchymal cells) that will give rise to mineralized connective tissue. Scleroblasts can differentiate into osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), chondroblasts (cartilage-forming cells), odontoblasts (dentin-forming cells), ameloblasts (enamel-forming cells). The mesenchymal cells developing into osteoblasts and chondroblasts are derived from the mesoderm. Those developing into odontoblasts are neural crest cells. Those developing into ameloblasts are derived from the ectoderm. (http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=scleroblasts)
Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to form an odontoblast, deposits predentine, and arises from a cranial neural crest cell.
Cell that is part of the neural crest region of the neuroepithelium, prior to migration. Note that not all premigratory neural crest cells may become migratory neural crest cells.
Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a chondroblast; and arises from neural crest, meseosdermal and notochordal and connective tissue cells.
A muscle cell that is part of the sinoatrial node.
A muscle cell that is part of the atrioventricular node.
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disease_of_vascular_tissue
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pterygium
"Communicable disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191415002]
"Communicable disease [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:35500006]
"Communicable disease" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Communicable disease, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367443006]
"Contagious disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189822004]
"Cross infection (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:36406009]
"INFECTION localIZED" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Infective disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:40733004]
"Latent Infection" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C9494]
"Opportunistic infectious disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:61274003]
"Sweating Fever" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35052]
"Sweating disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:078.2]
"Sweating fever (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:186694006]
"Sweating fever" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:078.2]
"Transmissible disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190563008]
"anatomy site specific infection" EXACT []
"localized infection (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:10443009]
"opportunistic infection" EXACT [CSP2005:0715-7200, NCI2004_11_17:C3289]
"sequelae of infectious and parasitic disease" EXACT []
"systemic infection (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:91302008]
"A disease that is the consequence of the presence of pathogenic microbial agents, including pathogenic viruses, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular parasites, and aberrant proteins known as prions." [DO:wk]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disease_by_infectious_agent
"A syndrome that is characterized by an expansion of the monocyte-macrophage population and intense hemophagocytosis. It can occur de novo, but more often occurs in the setting of another disorder, usually an infection or a malignancy. A clinical picture of fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and peripheral pancytopenia. The morphologic hallmark of this syndrome is the phagocytosis of hematopoietic elements by morphologically normal macrophages." [url:http\://www.mayoclinicproceedings.com/inside.asp?AID=57&UID=, url:http\://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-31801997000500007&lng=pt&nrm=iso]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemophagocytic_syndrome
"A syndrome consisting of triad of sinusitis, bronchiectasis and situs inversus with dextrocardia." [url:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19529061]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Kartagener_syndrome
"A body system disease which is located in a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information that consists of sensory receptors, neural pathways, and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception. Commonly recognized sensory systems are those for vision, hearing, somatic sensation (touch), taste and olfaction (smell)." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory_system]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sensory_system_disease
"A respiratory system disease which involves the lower respiratory tract." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/lower_respiratory_tract]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lower_respiratory_tract_disease
"A hereditary disease that is the result of one or more abnormal alleles and may be dominant (a single copy of the abnormal allele is sufficient to give rise to the disease), semi-dominant, or recessive (requiring both copies of the gene to have an abnormal allele)." [DO:wk\,ls]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#simple_genetic_disease
"A disorder that has an available objective mechanical test (such as chemical tests or brain scans), and are diagnosed only by behavioral syndrome (such as those in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_disorder]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#physical_disorder
"A disorder that is caused by abnormalities in an individual's genetic material (genome)." [url:http\://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/medicine/assist.shtml]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#genetic_disorder
"A disorder that impairs the normal function of a bodily process." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_disorder]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#functional_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#familial_adenomatous_polyposis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#restless_legs_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#xeroderma_pigmentosum
"Muscle-Liver-Brain-Eye Nanism" EXACT []
"PERICARDIAL CONSTRICTION AND GROWTH FAILURE" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mulibrey_nanism
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Usher_syndrome
"Sulfatidosis, Juvenile, Austin Type" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#multiple_sulfatase_deficiency_disease
"Niemann-Pick Disease, Acute Neuronopathic Form" EXACT []
"Niemann-Pick Disease, Acute Neurovisceral Form" EXACT []
"Sphingomyelinase Deficiency Disease" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Niemann-Pick_disease_type_A
"Niemann-Pick Disease, Adult Non-Neuronopathic" EXACT []
"Niemann-Pick Disease, Non-Neuronopathic Type" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Niemann-Pick_disease_type_B
"INFANTILE PHYTANIC ACID STORAGE DISEASE" EXACT []
"REFSUM DISEASE, INFANTILE FORM" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#infantile_refsum_disease
"Hypophosphatemia, Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets" EXACT []
"Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets, X-Linked" EXACT []
hypophosphatemic rickets X-linked dominant
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypophosphatemic_rickets_X-linked_dominant
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mevalonic_aciduria
"CHROMOSOME 4p16.3 DELETION SYNDROME" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Wolf-Hirschhorn_Syndrome
"ASPARTYLGLUCOSAMINIDASE DEFICIENCY" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#aspartylglucosaminuria
"Acampomelic Campomelic Dysplasia" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#campomelic_dysplasia
"N-LAURYLSPHINGOSINE DEACYLASE DEFICIENCY" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Farber_lipogranulomatosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Donohue_Syndrome
"A combined T cell and B cell immunodeficiency that is caused by a mutatino in the LIG4 gene, a DNA ligase, encoding a protein essential for V(D)J recombination and DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair through nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). Patients present with immunodeficiency and developmental and growth delay." [url:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=606593, url\]:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3981?]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#DNA_ligase_IV_deficiency
"type 3 hyper-IgM immunodeficiency " EXACT []
"A combined T cell and B cell immunodeficiency that is caused by mutation in TNFRSF5 resulting in type 3 hyper-IgM immunodeficiency characterized by an inability of B cells to undergo isotype switching, an inability to mount an antibody-specific immune response, and a lack of germinal center formation." [url:http\://bioinf.uta.fi/CD40base/]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#CD40_deficiency
"A disease that involves a disturbance of function, structure, or both of any part, organ, or system of the body resulting from a genetic or embryonic failure in development." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseases#Disorder, url:http\://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=25959]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disorder
"A disease of cellular proliferation that results in an abnormal mass of tissue." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neoplastic_disease
"A cancer that results_from malignant growth located_in immature blood forming cells called blast cells. Blast cells are also referred to as bone marrow precursor cells or simply precursor cells." [url:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastoma]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#blastoma
"A bone marrow cancer that affects plasma cells in which abnormal plasma cells multiply uncontrollably in the bone marrow and occasionally in other parts of the body." [url:http\://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec14/ch175/ch175c.html#sec14-ch175-ch175c-328]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#myeloma
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#bone_disease
"Bilateral Deafness" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C36193]
"Bilateral deafness (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:162344009]
"Complete deafness (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:8531006]
"Deafness NOS (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267678002]
"Deafness NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:389.9]
"Total Deafness" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C36194]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#deafness
"Polyglandular activity in multiple endocrine adenomatosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:46724008]
polyglandular activity in multiple endocrine adenomatosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#polyglandular_activity_in_multiple_endocrine_adenomatosis
"Polyglandular dysfunction and/or related disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:26572003]
polyglandular dysfunction and related disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#polyglandular_dysfunction_and_related_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#polyglandular_dysfunction
"MEN type IIB" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3227]
"Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 3 (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:61530001]
"mucosal neuroma syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2009-6300]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#multiple_endocrine_neoplasia_type_2b
"Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:30664006]
"Wermer syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2009-6300]
"Wermer's syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:258.0]
"Wermer's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190566000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#multiple_endocrine_neoplasia_type_1
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pigmentation_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#corneal_disease
"Conjunctival degeneration (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:40787005]
"Conjunctival degeneration, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:372.50]
"Unspecified conjunctival degeneration (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193886006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Conjunctival_degeneration
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#autosomal_deletion_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#frontotemporal_dementia
"neoplasm of pelvis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126644004]
"pelvis neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2005-4862]
"A cancer by anatomical entity that is manifested in the pelvic region." [url:http\://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/p/pelvic_cancer/intro.htm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pelvic_cancer
"malignant neoplasm of pelvis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188370005]
"malignant neoplasm of pelvis, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93953009]
"malignant tumor of pelvis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363484005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_pelvis
"Sickle-cell thalassemia with crisis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:282.42]
"Sickle-cell thalassemia without crisis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:282.41]
"thalassemia Hb-S disease with crisis" EXACT []
"thalassemia Hb-S disease without crisis" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#thalassemia
"Conjunctival degenerations and deposits (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193885005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Conjunctival_degenerations_and_deposits
"malignant tumor of prostate (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363448003]
"malignant tumor of prostate (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399068003]
"malignant tumor of the prostate" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7378]
"prostatic cancer" EXACT [CSP2005:2016-2641]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_prostate
"malignant neoplasm of male genital organ, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93885006]
"malignant neoplasm of male genital organ, site unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:187.9]
"malignant neoplasm of male genital organ, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190130007]
"malignant neoplasm of male genital organs (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190127000]
"malignant tumor of male Reproductive system" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C8561]
"malignant tumor of male genital organ (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363515000]
"malignant tumor of male genital organ" EXACT [MTH:U001031]
malignant neoplasm of male genital organ or tract
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_male_genital_organ_or_tract
"lymphoid neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:414628006]
"lymphoid neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2004-6589]
"lymphoid tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7065]
"A hematologic cancer that is located_in lymphocytes which is composed_of white blood cell." [url:http\://www.cancer.gov/dictionary/?CdrID=46298]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lymphoid_cancer
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lymphoblastic_leukemia
"Congenital dystrophia brevicollis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:388981000]
"Klippel-Feil and Turner syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:129581007]
"Klippel-Feil sequence (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5601008]
"Klippel-Feil syndrome NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205441002]
"Klippel-Feil syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:756.16]
"Klippel-Feil syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157003009]
"Klippel-Feil syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268349005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Klippel-Feil_syndrome
"Aganglionic Megacolon" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34700]
"Aganglionosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:751.3]
"Aganglionosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204738000]
"Congenital megacolon (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360436002]
"Hirschsprung's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204739008]
"Hirschsprung's disease NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204742002]
"Hirschsprung's disease [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:6687001]
"Macrocolon (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367495003]
"pelvirectal achalasia" EXACT [CSP2005:0724-7702]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hirschsprung's_disease
"Adrenal Cortical Insufficiency" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27150]
"Adrenal cortical hypofunction (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:386584007]
"Adrenal cortical hypofunction (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:68588005]
"Corticoadrenal insufficiency NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267398003]
"Corticoadrenal insufficiency NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190527008]
"Corticoadrenal insufficiency" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:255.4]
"Corticoadrenal insufficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154707007]
"Corticoadrenal insufficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267483004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adrenal_cortical_hypofunction
"Lowe syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:79385002]
"oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1861]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#oculocerebrorenal_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_amino_acid_transport_disorder
"Avitaminosis D NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190649007]
"Avitaminosis D" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:268.9]
"Unspecified vitamin D deficiency" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:268.9]
"deficiency of vitamin D (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124886009]
"vitamin D deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:34713006]
"vitamin D deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:2116-7610]
"vitamin D deficiency" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:268]
"vitamin D deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154728003]
"vitamin D deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190639009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vitamin_D_deficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#calcium_metabolism_disorder
"Leucodystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192781003]
"Leucodystrophy NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192785007]
"Leukodystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5101009]
"Leukodystrophy" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:330.0]
"leukodystrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5479]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#leukodystrophy
"Amino acid transport disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:16784003]
"Amino acid transport disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190686008]
"Disturbances of amino-acid transport" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:270.0]
"disorder of amino acid transport -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:123292000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#amino_acid_transport_disorder
"Arylsulfatase A deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238031009]
"Metachromatic leucodystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192784006]
"Metachromatic leucodystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:396338004]
"Metachromatic leukodystrophy (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:3621006]
"Scholz cerebral sclerosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:44359008]
"Sulfatide lipidosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:330.0]
"deficiency of cerebroside-sulfatase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:66521008]
"sulfatide lipoidosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5593]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#metachromatic_leukodystrophy
"HMSN type IV" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-7949]
"Heredopathia atactica polyneuritiformis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:356.3]
"Refsum's disease" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:356.3]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Refsum_disease
"Lipid storage disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:10741005]
"Lipidoses (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267437005]
"Lipidoses NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267438000]
"Lipidoses: [familial xanthomatosis] or [NOS]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190797004]
"Lipoid storage disease NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.7]
"Lipoidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:11455007]
"inborn lipid storage disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5707]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lipoidosis
"Retinitis pigmentosa (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28835009]
"Retinitis pigmentosa" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:362.74]
"Retinitis pigmentosa" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155113002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#retinitis_pigmentosa
hereditary and idiopathic peripheral neuropathy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_and_idiopathic_peripheral_neuropathy
"Diffuse globoid body sclerosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189979005]
"Galactosylceramide beta-galactosidase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192782005]
"Krabbe's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:330.0]
"Krabbe's leukodystrophy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5710006]
"beta galactocerebrosidase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5536]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#globoid_cell_leukodystrophy
"Adrenoleukodystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:65389002]
"X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.86]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adrenoleukodystrophy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mental_retardation
"CMT - Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128202008]
"CMT - Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193158000]
"Charcot Marie Tooth muscular atrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-7637]
"Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:50548001]
"Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:356.1]
"Peroneal muscular atrophy NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193162006]
"Peroneal muscular atrophy" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:356.1]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Charcot-Marie-Tooth_disease
"Hartnup disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:270.0]
"Neutral 1 amino acid transport defect (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:80902009]
"deficiency of tryptophan oxygenase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124208000]
"neutral amino acid transport defect" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4235]
"An inborn metabolic brain disease that is the result of an inherited metabolic disease that is caused by abnormalities of the renal tubules and is characterized especially by aminoaciduria involving only monocarboxylic monoamines, a dry red scaly rash, and episodic muscular incoordination due to the effects of the disease on the cerebellum." [url:http\://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=Hartnup]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hartnup_disease
"Rickets (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:41345002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#rickets
"inborn renal aminoaciduria" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1462]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#renal_minoaciduria
"Congenital Fanconi syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:236466005]
"De Toni-Fanconi syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111398009]
"Fanconi syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:40488004]
"Fanconi-de Toni syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:270.0]
"Fanconi-de Toni-Debre syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:253060009]
"Fanconi-de-Toni syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190683000]
"Infantile nephropathic cystinosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:62332007]
"Infantile nephropathic cystinosis [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267415003]
"Lignac-Fanconi syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3034]
"Lignac-Fanconi syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190681003]
"Lignac-Fanconi syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367374009]
"deToni Fanconi syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-2203]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Fanconi_syndrome
"primary optic atrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:21098003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#primary_optic_atrophy
"Interstitial Nephritis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26834]
"Interstitial nephritis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28689008]
"Interstitial nephritis (qualifier value)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:264536006]
"interstitial nephritis" EXACT [CSP2005:1682-1281]
"renal tubulo-interstitial disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:198506002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#interstitial_nephritis
"Diabetes mellitus AND insipidus with optic atrophy AND deafness (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:70694009]
"Wolfram syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:0977-5687]
"Wolfram syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6601]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Wolfram_syndrome
"Cystine storage disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190683000]
"Cystinosis (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111398009]
"Cystinosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190681003]
"Cystinosis [dup] (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367374009]
"cystine storage disease" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-0607]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cystinosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_chromosomal_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#spinal_dysraphism
"Tooth disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155631000]
"Tooth disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266485001]
"Tooth disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234947003]
"Tooth disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35077]
"dental disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0828-0533]
"disease of teeth (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367503003]
"disease of teeth [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:72722003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tooth_disease
"Amnestic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:3298001]
"Amnestic disorder NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:294.8]
"Amnestic disorder in conditions classified elsewhere" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:294.0]
"Amnestic syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35764]
"Korsakoff's psychosis or syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:294.0]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#amnestic_disorder
"Korsakoff's psychosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:69482004]
"Korsakoff's syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6017]
"Korsakov psychosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191470004]
"Korsakov's psychosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154854002]
"Korsakov's psychosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268745002]
"Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:291.1]
"Wernicke-Korsakov syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191472007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Wernicke-Korsakoff_syndrome
"Alcohol amnestic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:73097000]
"Alcohol amnestic syndrome NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191473002]
"Alcohol-Induced Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34366]
"Alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:291.1]
"Korsakoff's psychosis, alcoholic" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:291.1]
"Korsakov syndrome - alcoholic" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:69482004]
"Mental and behavioral disorder due to use of alcohol: amnesic syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192213005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alcohol_amnestic_disorder
"intracranial aneurysm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128609009]
"intracranial aneurysm" EXACT [CSP2005:0617-5365]
"intracranial aneurysm, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:42994005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#intracranial_aneurysm
nephritis, nephrosis and nephrotic syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nephritis,_nephrosis_and_nephrotic_syndrome
"Nephritis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:52845002]
"Nephritis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:274107001]
"Nephritis NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:583.9]
"Nephritis NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155853001]
"Nephritis NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266615001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nephritis
"Alpha thalassaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191186002]
"Hemoglobin H disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:48553001]
"Hemoglobin H disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34368]
"alpha Thalassemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:68913001]
"Alpha thalassemia is a thalassemia involving the genes HBA1and HBA2 hemoglobin genes." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_Thalassemia]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alpha_thalassemia
"(Psychogenic tics) or (Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154936002]
"Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5158005]
"Guinon's disease" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-5068]
"Psychogenic tics" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268778009]
"Tourette's disorder -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:39098006]
"Tourette's disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:307.23]
"Tourette's syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35078]
"motor-verbal tic disorder" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:307.23]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Gilles_de_la_Tourette_syndrome
"A viral skin infectious disease that is caused by Verruca vulgaris. This infection produces a a raised wart with roughened surface, most common on hands, but can grow anywhere on the body." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wart]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#common_wart
"Human papilloma Virus Infection" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27851]
"Human papilloma virus infection (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:240532009]
"Human papilloma virus infection, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367507002, SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:75003008]
"human papilloma virus infectious disease" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#papillomavirus_infectious_disease
"Eagle-Barrett syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:756.71]
"Prune belly syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5187006]
"Prune belly syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:756.71]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Prune_Belly_syndrome
"DiGeorge sequence (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:77128003]
"DiGeorge syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190991007]
"DiGeorge's syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:279.11]
"DiGeorge's syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2989]
"Pharyngeal pouch syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:279.11]
"pharyngeal pouch syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-9991]
"A T cell deficiency disease that is the result of a large deletion of chromosome 22 which includes the DGS gene needed for development of the thymus and related glands with subsequent lack of T-cell production." [url:http\://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/DiGeorge%20syndrome, url:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gnd&part=digeorgesyndrome]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#DiGeorge_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#T_cell_deficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_osteodystrophy
"Congenital Ectopic Lens" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34566]
"Congenital ectopic lens (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:74969002]
"Congenital ectopic lens" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:743.37]
"Congenital lens: [ectopic] or [displaced] or [dislocation]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204136005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Ectopia_Lentis
"Megacolon NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197144003]
"Megacolon excluding Hirschsprung's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266459000]
"Megacolon excluding Hirschsprung's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155789001]
"Megacolon excluding Hirschsprung's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197138002]
"Megacolon excluding Hirschsprung's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266528000]
"Megacolon, not Hirschsprung's (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:33995003]
"Megacolon, other than Hirschsprung's" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:564.7]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#megacolon
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#heart_disease
"autonomic nervous system disorder" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#autonomic_nervous_system_disease
"Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128205005]
hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_sensory_and_autonomic_neuropathy
"Riley-Day syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:742.8]
"familial autonomic nervous dysfunction" EXACT [CSP2005:0725-5371]
"familial dysautonomia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204087006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#familial_dysautonomia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#color_vision_defect
"hyperlipemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1744-2444]
"hyperlipidaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154739000]
"hyperlipidaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267499005]
"hyperlipidemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:55822004]
"hyperlipidemia NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190782002]
"hyperlipidemia NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.4]
"hyperlipidemia NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154743001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hyperlipidemia
"Gestational diabetes mellitus" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:199232003]
"Gestational diabetes mellitus" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237629002]
"Gestational diabetes mellitus" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:393568003]
"Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:11687002]
"Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:359964007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gestational_diabetes
"Glycogen storage disease, type VII (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:89597008]
"Muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234406005]
"phosphofructokinase myopathy" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4121]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease_type_VII
"Dystrophia myotonica" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:359.2]
"Dystrophia myotonica" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155096007]
"Dystrophia myotonica" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267713009]
"Steinert myotonic dystrophy syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:77956009]
"Steinert's disease" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6719]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#myotonic_dystrophy
"Brachmann de Lange syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:0944-7801]
"Brachmann de Lange syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1354-8678]
"Brachmann de Lange syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2403-8925]
"Congenital muscular hypertrophy-cerebral syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:55016009]
"De Lange syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:40354009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Bruck-de_Lange_syndrome
"Hypochromic Anemia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34380]
"Hypochromic anaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:44452003]
"hypochromic anemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-2389]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypochromic_anemia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nephrotic_syndrome
"Dementia in Pick's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192174003]
"Pick's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:13092008]
"Pick's disease" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-6612]
"Pick's disease" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:331.11]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Pick's_disease
"Dystonia lenticularis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:52274002]
"Dystonia, deformans progressiva" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:333.6]
"Idiopathic Torsion Dystonia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34564]
"Idiopathic torsion dystonia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:22451001]
"Idiopathic torsion dystonia" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:333.6]
"Idiopathic torsion dystonia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155008004]
"dystonia deformans progressiva" EXACT [CSP2005:2057-3370]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#dystonia_musculorum_deformans
"neoplasm of peripheral nerve (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126980002]
"tumor of PNS" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3321]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#peripheral_nervous_system_neoplasm
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_abnormal_synostosis
"Prader - Willi syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205794007]
"Prader Willi syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-7731]
"Prader-Willi syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:89392001]
"Prader-Willi syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:759.81]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Prader-Willi_syndrome
"A cancer of reproductive system that is manifested in the female genitals. This includes organs such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina and vulva." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template\:Female_genital_neoplasia, url:http\://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/g/genital_system_cancer/intro.htm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#female_genital_cancer
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#X-linked_mental_retardation
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pervasive_development_disorder
"abdomen neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2005-4146]
"neoplasm of abdomen (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128050000]
"tumor of abdomen (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:255060007]
"A cancer by anatomical entitiy that affects the organs in the abdominal cavity." [url:http\://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/a/abdominal_cancer/intro.htm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#abdominal_cancer
"Senile Dementia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34524]
"Senile dementia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:15662003]
"Senile dementia NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:290.0]
"Senile dementia, uncomplicated" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:290.0]
"Uncomplicated senile dementia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191449005]
"Uncomplicated senile dementia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154846004]
"senile dementia" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-6612]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#senile_dementia
"Dementia with Lewy bodies" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:331.82]
"Diffuse Lewy body disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:80098002]
"Lewy body dementia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:331.82]
"Lewy body disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192808003]
"Lewy body disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230275004]
"Lewy body disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230276003]
"Lewy body disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230277007]
"Senile dementia of the Lewy body type (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:312991009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lewy_body_disease
"Auditory dysfunction (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:362989003]
"Hearing disorder (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128540005]
"Hearing disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3078]
"Hearing problem (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:300228004]
"disorder of auditory system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:362966006]
"hearing disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0977-5687]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hearing_disorder
"Congenital Adrenal hyperplasia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34360]
"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237751000]
"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:27037004]
"congenital adrenal hyperplasia" EXACT [CSP2005:0060-3730]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_adrenal_hyperplasia
"Congenital factor IX deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154817006]
"Congenital factor IX disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:286.1]
"Factor IX deficiency" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26721]
"Factor IX deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234443007]
"Hemophilia B (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:41788008]
"deficiency, functional factor IX" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:286.1]
"factor IX deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:0438-3499]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemophilia_B
"Aniridia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:69278003]
"Aplasia of iris (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204161008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#aniridia
"Incontinentia pigmenti (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205567005]
"Incontinentia pigmenti syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367520004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Bloch_Sulzberger_syndrome
"Vitiligo (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:56727007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vitiligo
"Infertility, male" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:606]
"male infertility (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:2904007]
"male infertility NOS (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:198018002]
"male infertility" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155924001]
"male infertility, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:606.9]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#male_infertility
"Fragilitas ossium" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157008000]
"Fragilitas ossium" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268352002]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:78314001]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205498009]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:756.51]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205493000]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254105005]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254106006]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254107002]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254108007]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254109004]
"Osteopsathyrosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205494006]
"Osteopsathyrosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:756.51]
"Vrolik's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205492005]
"brittle bone disease" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-7175]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#osteogenesis_imperfecta
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#spinal_muscular_atrophy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#globe_disease
"Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2936]
"Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234142008]
"Congenital cerebral arteriovenous malformation" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204499006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Arteriovenous_Malformations,_Cerebral
malignant neoplasm of female genital organ
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_female_genital_organ
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#aplastic_anemia
"Pancytopenia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127034005]
"Pancytopenia NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267528007]
"Pancytopenia NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191250008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pancytopenia
"postpartum coagulation defect with delivery" EXACT []
"postpartum coagulation defect" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#blood_coagulation_disorder
"5p deletion syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34518]
"5p partial monosomy syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:70173007]
"Cri-du-chat syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:758.31]
"chromosome 5 short arm deletion syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1254-8011]
"chromosome 5p deletion syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:758.31]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cri-Du-Chat_syndrome
"VCF-Velocardiofacial syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:83092002]
"Velo-cardio-facial syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:758.32]
"deletion 22q11.2 syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:758.32]
"velocardiofacial syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:5004-0080]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Shprintzen_syndrome
malignant neoplasm of genitourinary organ
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_genitourinary_organ
"Madelung's deformity (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:4530000]
"Madelung's deformity" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:755.54]
"Madelung's deformity" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205256008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Carpus_curvus
"Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155449008]
"Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266324004]
"Osler hemorrhagic telangiectasia syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:21877004]
"Osler-Weber-Rendu disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35064]
"Rendu-Osler-Weber disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:448.0]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_hemorrhagic_telangiectasia
"Ataxia-telangiectasia syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:68504005]
"Louis Bar syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-2495]
"Louis-Bar syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:334.8]
"Louis-Bar syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2887]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ataxia_telangiectasia
"Friedreich ataxia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155011003]
"Friedreich's ataxia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:10394003]
"Friedreich's ataxia" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:334.0]
"Friedreich's tabes" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-3493]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Friedreich_ataxia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#capillary_disease
"Chondroectodermal dysplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:62501005]
"Chondroectodermal dysplasia" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:756.55]
"Ellis-van Creveld syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:756.55]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Ellis-Van_Creveld_syndrome
"Telangiectasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:276328002]
"Telangiectasia disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:247479008]
"Telangiectasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155449008]
"Telangiectasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266324004]
"Telangiectasis (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:112641009]
"telangiectasia" EXACT [CSP2005:0571-7751]
"telangiectasia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C28194]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#telangiectasis
"Unspecified disorder of eye movements" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:378.9]
"disorder of eye movements (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:45030009]
"eye movement disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1115-2778]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ocular_motility_disorder
"Mucopolysaccharidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:11380006]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190942001]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267452003]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:277.5]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190936000]
"mucopolysaccharidosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6106]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis is a lysosomal storage disease described as any of a group of genetically determined disorder (as Hunter's syndrome and Hurler's syndrome) of glycosaminoglycan metabolism that are characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the tissues and their excretion in the urine." [URL:http\://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=Mucopolysaccharidosis]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucopolysaccharidosis
"Hunter's syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.5]
"Hunter's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190936000]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-II (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:70737009]
"deficiency of iduronate-2-sulphatase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:61413000]
"mucopolysaccharidosis type II" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6220]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucopolysaccharidosis_II
"Maroteaux - Lamy syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190936000]
"Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:69463008]
"Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.5]
"arylsulfatase B deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6512]
"deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:52677002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucopolysaccharidosis_VI
"HEPARAN SULFATE SULFATASE DEFICIENCY" EXACT []
"Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-III" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:88393000]
"N-sulphoglucosamine sulphohydrolase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:41572006]
"Sanfilippo's syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.5]
"Sanfilippo's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190936000]
"mucopolysaccharidosis type III" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6548]
"mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucopolysaccharidosis_type_IIIA
"Lipochondrodystrophy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.5]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis type I [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267453008]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-I (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:75610003]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis, type 1" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190938004]
"iduronidase deficiency disease" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6334]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucopolysaccharidosis_I
"Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-VII (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:43916004]
"deficiency of beta-glucuronidase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124470009]
"mucopolysaccharidosis type VII" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6106]
"mucopolysaccharidosis type VII" EXACT [CSP2005:4001-0049]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucopolysaccharidosis_VII
"GALACTOSAMINE-6-SULFATASE DEFICIENCY" EXACT []
"Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-IV" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:378007]
"Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-IV-A (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:7259005]
"Osteochondrodystrophy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.5]
"Osteochondrodystrophy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190936000]
"chondroosteodystrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6163]
"deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulphatase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:78856008]
"deficiency of chondroitinsulphatase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124449003, SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:130197005]
"mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucopolysaccharidosis_IV
"Autistic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:38763009]
"Autistic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:408856003]
"Autistic disorder of childhood onset (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:43614003]
"Autistic disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:299.0]
"Infantile autism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:408857007]
"Infantile autism NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191691000]
"Infantile psychosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:408858002]
"Kanner's syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2484-9506]
"Kanner's syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:299.0]
"childhood autism [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:271450003]
"childhood autism" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154878007]
"childhood autism" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191688000]
"childhood autism" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192581001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#autistic_disorder
"degenerative disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27090]
"degenerative disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:362975008]
"A disease of biological process that results_in the progressive deterioration of tissue or organ function or structure, whether due to normal bodily wear or lifestyle choices." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerative_disease]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#degenerative_disease
"Congenital spherocytic hemolytic anemia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:282.0]
"Hereditary spherocytosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:55995005]
"Hereditary spherocytosis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:282.0]
"Hereditary spherocytosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154795009]
"Minkowski Chauffard syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-1870]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_spherocytosis
"Conduct disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192597006]
"Conduct disorder, unspecified" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192603009]
"Disturbance of conduct NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192106002]
"Disturbance of conduct NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154945001]
"Disturbance of conduct NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268782006]
"Disturbance of conduct NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268785008]
"Unspecified disturbance of conduct (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192104004]
"Unspecified disturbance of conduct" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:312.9]
"conduct disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:4005-0013]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#conduct_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#dementia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#intracranial_arterial_disease
"HMN (Hereditary motor Neuropathy) Proximal type I" EXACT []
"Werdnig-Hoffman disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155016008]
"Werdnig-Hoffman disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267694009]
"Werdnig-Hoffmann disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:64383006]
"Werdnig-Hoffmann disease" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:335.0]
"infantile muscular atrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:2057-3620]
"progressive muscular atrophy of infancy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:335.0]
hereditary motor neuropathy proximal type I
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_motor_neuropathy_proximal_type_I
"malignant neoplasm of central nervous system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:372062007]
"malignant neoplasm of central nervous system NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:192.9]
"malignant neoplasm of central nervous system, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93744007]
"malignant neoplasm of central nervous system, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190135002]
"malignant tumor of CNS" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4627]
malignant neoplasm of central nervous system
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_central_nervous_system
"BT - Brain tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254935002]
"brain neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2006-2736]
"neoplasm of brain (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126952004]
"neoplasm of unspecified nature of brain (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189537005]
"neoplasm of unspecified nature of brain" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:239.6]
"tumor of the Brain" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2907]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#brain_neoplasm
"Coproporphyrinogen oxidase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238055004]
"Hereditary coproporphyria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:7425008]
"Hereditary coproporphyria" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.1]
"hereditary coproporphyria porphyria" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-7674]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_coproporphyria
"EPP (erythropoietic protoporphyria porphyria)" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-7560]
"Erythropoietic protoporphyria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:51022005]
"Protoporphyria" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.1]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#erythropoietic_protoporphyria
"Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:22935002]
"Congenital porphyria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190913009]
"Erythropoietic porphyria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:67312003]
"congenital photosensitive porphyria" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-7617]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#erythropoietic_porphyria
"Cutis hyperelastica" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238848002]
"Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:2300005]
"Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:398114001]
"Ehlers-Danlos syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:756.83]
"Ehlers-Danlos syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157008000]
"Ehlers-Danlos syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268352002]
"elastic skin" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-3115]
"type unspecified autosomal dominant Ehlers-Danlos syndrome" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome
"Myositis Ossificans Progressiva" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3040]
"Myositis ossificans progressiva" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205527009]
"Myositis ossificans progressiva" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:240121004]
"progressive myositis ossificans (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:82725007]
"progressive myositis ossificans" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:728.11]
"progressive ossifying myositis" EXACT [CSP2005:1982-9828]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#fibrodysplasia_ossificans_progressiva
"Congenital anemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:63565007]
"Congenital anemia" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:776.5]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_anemia
"Congenital hypoplastic anaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188588001]
"Congenital hypoplastic anaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191236003]
"Congenital hypoplastic anaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:88854002]
"Constitutional aplastic anaemia" RELATED [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154808006]
"Constitutional aplastic anemia (disorder)" RELATED []
"Constitutional aplastic anemia NOS (disorder)" RELATED []
"Constitutional aplastic anemia [dup] (disorder)" RELATED []
"congenital aplastic anemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-0659]
"congenital hypoplastic anemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-0659]
"constitutional aplastic anemia" RELATED []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_hypoplastic_anemia
"Thanatophoric dysplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:29352008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#thanatophoric_dysplasia
"Proteus syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:23150001]
"Proteus syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:394527003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Proteus_syndrome
"Moebius congenital oculofacial paralysis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:393607001]
"Oromandibular-limb hypogenesis spectrum (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:89444000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mobius_syndrome
"Bourneville's disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3424]
"Tuberose sclerosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157033002]
"Tuberose sclerosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268359006]
"Tuberous sclerosis syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:7199000]
"Tuberous sclerosis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:759.5]
"Tuberous sclerosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157027006]
"cerebral sclerosis" EXACT [CSP2005:0727-2535]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tuberous_sclerosis
"Albers-Scho@nberg syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367489004]
"Albers-Schonberg syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:63941000]
"Osteopetrosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:1926006]
"Osteopetrosis - congenita type" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205502002]
"Osteopetrosis [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205500005]
"Osteopetrosis [dup] (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360504006]
"Osteopetrosis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:756.52]
"Osteopetrosis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26840]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Albers-Schonberg_disease
"Cholestasis (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:33688009]
"Obstruction of bile duct (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:30144000]
"Obstruction of bile duct NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197447004]
"Obstruction of bile duct" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:576.2]
"Occlusion of bile duct (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197446008]
"bile occlusion" EXACT [CSP2005:0413-4023]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cholestasis
"Fanconi's anemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:30575002]
"Fanconi's anemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-0659]
"Fanconi's anemia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:284.0]
"Panmyelopathy, Fanconi" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3034]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Fanconi's_anemia
"Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:19138001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#epidermodysplasia_verruciformis
"Fredrickson type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:397915002]
"Fredrickson type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.0]
"Fredrickson type IIa lipidaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190772003]
"familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190775001]
"familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190776000]
"familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:389985001]
"familial hypercholesteremia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4634]
"familial hypercholesterolemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:31654005]
"familial hypercholesterolemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:398036000]
"hyperbetalipoproteinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190773008]
"type II hyperlipidemia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34704]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#familial_hypercholesterolemia
"Abetalipoproteinemia (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:83123000]
"Abetalipoproteinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190787008]
"familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:60193003]
"familial hypobetalipoproteinemia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.5]
"microsomal triglyceride transfer protein deficiency disease" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5137]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#abetalipoproteinemia
"Hypolipoproteinaemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363140000]
"Lipoprotein deficiencies" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:272.5]
"Lipoprotein deficiencies" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190783007]
"Lipoprotein deficiency NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190788003]
"Lipoprotein deficiency disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267436001]
"hypolipoproteinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1749-1322]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypolipoproteinemia
"Sick sinus syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:36083008]
"Sick sinus syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155373001]
"Sick sinus syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266307005]
"syndrome, sick sinus" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:427.81]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sick_sinus_syndrome
"Polyneuropathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:42345000]
"Polyneuropathy unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:307326004]
"Polyneuropathy unspecified" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193204000]
"Polyneuropathy, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:194530007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#polyneuropathy
"Monochromatism" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:368.54]
"achromatopsia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:56852002]
"achromatopsia" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-9741]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#achromatopsia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#visual_pathway_disease
"Cleidocranial dysostosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:65976001]
"Cleidocranial dysostosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:755.59]
"Cleidocranial dysostosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:240193006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cleidocranial_dysplasia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neoplastic_pregnancy_complications
"Fredrickson type I hyperlipoproteinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238086005]
"Fredrickson type I lipaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190781009]
"familial LPL deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238039006]
"familial hyperchylomicronemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267435002]
"familial hyperlipoproteinemia type I" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4577]
"familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:34171006]
"familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency with type I phenotype" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:403827000]
"hypercholesterinaemic xanthomatosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:275598004]
"hyperchylomicronemia" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:272.3]
"mixed hyperglyceridemia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.3]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#familial_lipoprotein_lipase_deficiency
"Gyrate atrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:314467007]
"Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and/or retina (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367536002]
"Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and/or retina" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:87126009]
"Ornithinemia with gyrate atrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:314466003]
"gyrate atrophy of the retina" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-9719]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Gyrate_atrophy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_eye_disease
"Choroid disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193480005]
"Choroid disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34468]
"Choroidal disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193431000]
"Unspecified disorder of choroid" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:363.9]
"choroid disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-9583]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#choroid_disease
"Hippel Lindau syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:5000-0055]
"Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL)" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3105]
"Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:46659004]
"von Hippel-Lindau syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:759.6]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#von_Hippel-Lindau_disease
"Hypophosphatasia (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:70848009]
"Hypophosphatasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190859005]
"deficiency of alkaline phosphatase (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124431003]
"deficiency of alkaline phosphatase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360792001]
"hypophosphatasia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5251]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypophosphatasia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#endocrine_pancreas_disorder
"Generalized lentiginosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:403537000]
"LEOPARD syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:0723-1051]
"LEOPARD syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:0944-7801]
"LEOPARD syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1254-7727]
"LEOPARD syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2328-1390]
"Multiple lentigines syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111306001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#LEOPARD_syndrome
"Marfan syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5992]
"Marfan's syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:19346006]
"Marfan's syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:759.82]
"Marfan's syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34807]
"Marfan's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157024004]
"Marfan's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157033002]
"Marfan's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268359006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#marfan_syndrome
"Cryptophthalmos (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:400951005]
"Globe of eye vestigial (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:62589005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cryptophthalmos
"Azorean disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:91952008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Machado-Joseph_disease
"Alper's syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35257]
"Alpers' disease or gray-matter degeneration" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:330.8]
"progressive sclerosing poliodystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:20415001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Alpers_syndrome
"Brain degeneration (& [cerebral])" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154994001]
"Brain degeneration" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267686002]
"Cerebral degeneration -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:73768007]
"Cerebral degeneration NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267579001]
"Cerebral degeneration NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192824002]
"Cerebral degeneration, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:331.9]
"Cerebral degenerations NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154998003]
"Cerebral degenerations NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267688001]
"degenerative brain disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:52522001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cerebral_degeneration
"Gonadal dysgenesis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205681004]
"Gonadal dysgenesis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205695001]
"Gonadal dysgenesis NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205692003]
"Gonadal dysgenesis syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:38804009]
"Gonadal dysgenesis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:758.6]
"Gonadal dysgenesis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157020008]
"Gonadal dysgenesis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268356004]
"gonadal dysgenesis" EXACT [CSP2005:1254-8447]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gonadal_dysgenesis
"Pure gonadal dysgenesis 46,XY (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:95218005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#46_XY_gonadal_dysgenesis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#46_XX_gonadal_dysgenesis
"Maternal phenylketonuria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:297225000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#maternal_phenylketonuria
"Acid esterase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190795007]
"Acid lipase deficiency, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:37896002]
"Wolman xanthomatosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5821]
"Wolman's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:82500001]
"Wolman's or triglyceride storage type III disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.7]
"Xanthomatosis, familial (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238074007]
"Xanthomatosis, familial" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190797004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Wolman_disease
"Lipid proteinosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:38692000]
"Lipoid proteinosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238950006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lipoidproteinosis
"Alpha-galactosidase A deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190796008]
"Alpha-galactosidase A deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:236536000]
"Angiokeratoma Corporis Diffusum" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27528]
"Fabry's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:16652001]
"Fabry's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.7]
"Fabry's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190792005]
"alpha galactosidase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-9034]
"deficiency of melibiase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124464003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Fabry_disease
"A-fucosidase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190937009]
"Fucosidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:64716005]
"alpha fucosidase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8519]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#fucosidosis
"Sjogren Larsson syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:0726-9470]
"Sjogren Larsson syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1840-2225]
"Sjogren Larsson syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2057-3666]
"Sjogren-Larsson syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111303009]
"Sjogren-Larsson's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205549003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Sjogren-Larsson_syndrome
"hereditary ceroid lipofuscinosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6833]
"neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:42012007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuronal_ceroid-lipofuscinosis
"Niemann-Pick disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.7]
"Sphingomyelin/cholesterol lipidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:58459009]
"lipoid histiocytosis (classical phosphatide)" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-9151]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Niemann-Pick_disease
"A disease of biological process that is characterized by abnormally rapid cell division." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cell_proliferation]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disease_of_cellular_proliferation
"Batten disease" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6833]
"Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:61663001]
"disease, Batten" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:330.1]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#AMAUROTIC_FAMILY_IDIOCY,_JUVENILE_type
"Galactosemia II" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:18612007]
"deficiency of galactokinase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124302001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#galactokinase_deficiency
"MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED 18, INCLUDED; MRX18, INCLUDED" EXACT []
"MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED 1; MRX1" EXACT []
"MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED NONSPECIFIC, type 1" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#X-linked_mental_retardation_1
"PROPIONYL-CoA CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#propionic_acidemia
"Lobstein's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205492005]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta type I (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:385482004]
"Osteogenesis imperfecta with blue sclerae (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:3508009]
"osteogenesis imperfecta with blue sclerae" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#osteogenesis_imperfecta_type_I
"Hypochondrodysplasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:45818004]
"Hypochondroplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205468002]
"Hypochondroplasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205469005]
"hypochondroplasia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1975]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#HYPOCHONDROPLASIA
"Centronuclear myopathy" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Centronuclear myopathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193223007]
"Myotubular myopathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:82077006]
"Myotubular myopathy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:359.0]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#centronuclear_myopathy
"Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:39788007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#EEC_SYNDROME
"Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type 1 (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:83470009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#type_I_Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome
"Glutaric aciduria, type 1 (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:76175005]
"Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360416003]
"Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237930005]
"Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190730004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#GLUTARICACIDEMIA_I
"Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-III-B (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:59990008]
"N-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOSAMINIDASE DEFICIENCY" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucopolysaccharidosis_type_IIIB
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Weaver_syndrome
"Sotos' syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:75968004]
"A genetic disorder that occurs rarely and is characterized by excessive physical growth during the first 2 to 3 years of life." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_gigantism]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cerebral_gigantism
"METHYLMALONIC ACIDEMIA, cblA TYPE" EXACT []
"METHYLMALONIC ACIDURIA, VITAMIN B12-RESPONSIVE, DUE TO DEFECT IN SYNTHESIS OF ADENOSYLCOBALAMIN, cblA TYPE" EXACT []
"METHYLMALONICACIDURIA, vitamin B12-RESPONSIVE, DUE TO DEFECT IN SYNTHESIS OF ADENOSYLCOBALAMIN--cbl A" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#methylmalonic_aciduria_cblA_type
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#VERTEBRAL_ANOMALIES
"Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:87827003]
"isovaleric acidemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-0949]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#isovalericacidemia
"Argininosuccinate lyase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:41013004]
"Argininosuccinic aciduria" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:270.6]
"arginosuccinase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-9435]
"deficiency of argininosuccinate lyase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124630007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#argininosuccinicaciduria
autosomal dominant type IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#autosomal_dominant_type_IV_Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome
"Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type 3 (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:30652003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#type_III_Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome
"childhood hypophosphatasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:30174008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypophospatasia,_childhood
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_urogenital_adysplasia
"NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE WITH CHOLESTEROL ESTERIFICATION BLOCK" EXACT []
"NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, SUBACUTE JUVENILE FORM" EXACT []
"Niemann-Pick disease, type C (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:66751000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Niemann-Pick_disease_type_C
"McKusick type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia" EXACT []
"Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, McKusick type (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:7720002]
"Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, McKusick type" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234421004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cartilage-hair_hypoplasia
"Kyphoscoliosis type" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:25606004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#type_VI_Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome
"MCAD deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:74351001]
"Medium chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD)" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.85]
"Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:393571006]
"Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:394513008]
"Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128596003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ACYL-CoA_DEHYDROGENASE,_MEDIUM-CHAIN,_deficiency_OF
"METHYLMALONIC ACIDEMIA, cblB TYPE" EXACT []
"METHYLMALONIC ACIDURIA, VITAMIN B12-RESPONSIVE, DUE TO DEFECT IN SYNTHESIS OF ADENOSYLCOBALAMIN, cblB TYPE" EXACT []
"METHYLMALONICACIDURIA, vitamin B12-RESPONSIVE, DUE TO DEFECT IN SYNTHESIS OF ADENOSYLCOBALAMIN--cbl B" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#methylmalonic_aciduria_cblB_type
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#FRYNS_SYNDROME
"AMAUROSIS CONGENITA OF LEBER I" EXACT []
"Leber's amaurosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193413001]
"Leber's congenital amaurosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-9698]
"Leber's disease" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6601]
"Leber's disease" EXACT [CSP2005:5000-0048]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Leber_congenital_amaurosis
"Walker-Warburg congenital muscular dystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111504002]
"Warburg syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:91064002]
HYDROCEPHALUS, AGYRIA, AND RETINAL DYSPLASIA
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#HYDROCEPHALUS,_AGYRIA,_AND_RETINAL_DYSPLASIA
"Christ-Siemens-Touraine Syndrome" EXACT []
"Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhydrotic" EXACT []
"Hypohidrotic X-linked ectodermal dysplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:239007005]
"Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:4826006]
"Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:7731005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypohidrotic_ectodermal_dysplasia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY,_AUTOSOMAL_NEONATAL_FORM
"Dubowitz's syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:2593002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Dubowitz_Syndrome
"long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237996001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ACYL-CoA_DEHYDROGENASE,_long-CHAIN,_deficiency_OF
"SPONDYLOEPIPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, PSEUDOACHONDROPLASTIC" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pseudoachondroplastic_dysplasia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ALBINISM_I
"METHYLMALONIC ACIDEMIA DUE TO METHYLMALONYL-CoA MUTASE DEFICIENCY MMA DUE TO MCM DEFICIENCY" EXACT []
"METHYLMALONIC ACIDURIA DUE TO METHYLMALONYL-CoA MUTASE DEFICIENCY" EXACT []
"METHYLMALONIC ACIDURIA, mut TYPE" EXACT []
"METHYLMALONICACIDURIA DUE TO METHYLMALONIC CoA MUTASE deficiency" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#methylmalonic_aciduria_mut_type
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#eye_and_adnexa_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#substance-induced_psychoses
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alcohol-induced_disorder
"Alcohol-induced organic mental disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:29212009]
"Alcohol-related disorder NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:291.9]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alcohol-related_disorder
"mixed tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C6930]
"A cancer that involves the growth of two germinal layers of tissue." [url:http\://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mixed+neoplasm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mixed_cell_type_cancer
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glandular_and_epithelial_neoplasm
"Diabetes mellitus in the pueperium - baby delivered during previous episode of care (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:199228009]
"Diabetes mellitus, postpartum" EXACT []
gestational diabetes complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gestational_diabetes_complicating_pregnancy,_childbirth,_or_the_puerperium
"Organic Mental disorder" EXACT [MTH:535]
"Organic Mental disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34870]
"Organic mental disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111479008]
"Organic mental disorder of unknown etiology (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:106014008]
delirium, dementia, amnestic, cognitive disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#delirium,_dementia,_amnestic,_cognitive_disorder
"Unspecified epithelial neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189559007]
"epithelial neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:118285006]
"epithelial neoplasm NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189546004]
"epithelial neoplasm, NOS" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3709]
"epithelial tumor (qualifier value)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:134207000]
"skin Epithelium tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7342]
"tumor of surface epithelium (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254649008]
"A carcinoma that derives_from the cells that line an organ." [url:http\://www.cancer.gov/dictionary/?CdrID=46422]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#epithelial_carcinoma
"Alcohol Abuse" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C20701]
"Alcohol abuse (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:15167005]
"Alcohol abuse, unspecified drinking behavior" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:305.00]
"Ethanol abuse" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:304606004]
"alcohol abuse" EXACT [CSP2005:0080-8925]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alcohol_abuse
"Platelet count below reference range" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:415116008]
"Thrombocytopenia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:70786006]
"Thrombocytopenia NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191326009]
"Thrombocytopenia NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154827000]
"Thrombocytopenia, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:287.5]
"Thrombocytopenic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:302215000]
"thrombocytopenia" EXACT [CSP2005:0446-5652]
"thrombocytopenia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3408]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#thrombocytopenia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#chronic_alcoholic_intoxication
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#integumentary_system_disease
"Keratosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254666005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#keratosis
"breast tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2910]
"mammary tumor" EXACT [CSP2005:2016-0671]
"neoplasm of breast (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126926005]
"A cancer of reproductive system that originates in the mammary gland." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammary_tumor]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mammary_cancer
"A neoplastic disease that is malignant and characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation, local cell invasion and metastasis." [stedman:rlc, url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cancer, url:http\://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=cancer]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cancer
"embryonal tumor of the CNS" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C6990]
"An embryonal cancer that are masses of rapidly growing cells that originates in embryonic (fetal) tissue in the brain and spinal cord." [url:http\://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/childCNSembryonal]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#embryonal_cancer_of_CNS
"primary carnitine deficiency" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:277.81]
"renal carnitine transport defect (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:21764004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#carnitine_uptake_defect
"primitive neuroectodermal tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189925001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#primitive_neuroectodermal_tumor
"Congenital Heart Defects" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Congenital anomaly of heart NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:746.9]
"Congenital anomaly of heart" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:13213009]
"Congenital heart anomaly NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204413006]
"Congenital heart anomaly NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156926008]
"Congenital heart anomaly NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204405005]
"Congenital heart anomaly NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268318000]
"Heart Malformation" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34666]
"Heart-congenital defect" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156911006]
"Heart-congenital defect" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268315002]
"Unspecified congenital anomaly of heart" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:746.9]
"heart defect" EXACT [CSP2005:0724-8315]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_heart_defect
"neuroendocrine neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3809]
"neuroendocrine neoplasm" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128928004]
"neuroendocrine tumor (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:255046005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuroendocrine_tumor
"(Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma) or (alligator skin) or (ichthyosis congenita NOS)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205556009]
"Congenital ichthyosis of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:13059002]
"Congenital ichthyosis, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205547001]
"Ichthyosis congenita NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268283000]
"Ichthyosis congenita" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:757.1]
"Ichthyosis congenita" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157017000]
"Ichthyosis congenita" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268355000]
"ichthyosis congenita" EXACT [CSP2005:0726-9470]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_ichthyosis
"Alligator skin" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205556009]
"Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254156001]
"Ichthyosiform erythroderma (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268282005]
"Ichthyosiform erythroderma" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:757.1]
"Ichthyosiform erythroderma" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205549003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_ichthyosiform_erythroderma
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ichthyosis
"Genodermatosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:239001006]
"Genodermatosis, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:199879009]
"Genodermatosis, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5613003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#genetic_skin_disease
"Congenital non bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267372009]
"Congenital non bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:12215009]
"Lamellar desquamation of the newborn" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268245001]
"Lamellar desquamation of the newborn" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:35970001]
"Lamellar ichthyosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205550003]
"lamellar ichthyosis" EXACT [CSP2005:0726-9470]
nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nonbullous_congenital_ichthyosiform_erythroderma
"Musculo-skeletal disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:274149006]
"Musculo-skeletal disorder NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156881000]
"Musculo-skeletal disorder NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268142006]
"Musculoskeletal disease" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Musuloskeletal disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268047003]
"disorder of musculoskeletal system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:928000]
"musculoskeletal disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:4000-0257]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#musculoskeletal_system_disease
"Endocrine tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3010]
"endocrine neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2009-5861]
"neoplasm of endocrine gland (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127015005]
"neoplasm of endocrine gland (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:387922007]
"neoplasm of endocrine system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:387927001]
"A cancer by anatomical entity that affects any gland in the endocrine system." [url:http\://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/e/endocrine_system_cancer/basics.htm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#endocrine_gland_cancer
"X-linked ichthyosis with steryl-sulphatase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:72523005]
"X-linked placental steryl-sulphatase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:3944006]
"X-linked recessive ichthyosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:402771003]
"X-linked recessive ichthyosis [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254160003]
"X-linked recessive ichthyosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205552006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#X-linked_ichthyosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_steroid_metabolism
"Neuroectodermal tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:253096008]
"Neuroectodermal tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:73676002]
"primitive Neuroectodermal neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3716]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuroectodermal_tumor
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#facial_nerve_disease
"bone Development disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34432]
"bone development disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2715-1497]
"disorder of bone development (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:371521007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#developmental_bone_disease
"neoplasm of soft tissue (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:387837005]
"neoplasm of soft tissues (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126600002]
"tumor of the soft tissue" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3377]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#soft_tissue_neoplasm
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vascular_disease
"Islet cell neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:261713004]
"Islet cell neoplasm" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399528006]
"Islet cell tumor (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128878003]
"Islet cell tumor" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:211.7]
"Islet cell tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154609001]
"Islet cell tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:269636003]
"Islet cell tumour, benign" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:76345009]
"benign islet cell tumor (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:269480005]
"benign islet cell tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188855000]
"pancreatic Endocrine neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27031]
"tumor of endocrine pancreas (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237596009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#islet_cell_tumor
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#urinary_system_disease
"Juvenile absence epilepsy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230413002]
"Juvenile absence epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192983009]
"Petit Mal epilepsy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3023]
"absence seizure (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:79631006]
"absence seizure" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:140805008]
"absence seizure" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:163596002]
"childhood absence epilepsy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:50866000]
"childhood absence epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155037000]
"childhood absence epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192980007]
"petit mal seizure" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-7316]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#absence_epilepsy
"Generalised epilepsy [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192989008]
"Generalised epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155038005]
"Generalised epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155043003]
"Generalised epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192994008]
"Generalized epilepsy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:19598007]
"Generalized epilepsy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3021]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#generalized_epilepsy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#bone_tissue_neoplasm
"Menkes kinky-hair syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:59178007]
"steely hair syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5365]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Menkes_kinky_hair_syndrome
"Metabolic bone disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:50279003]
"bone metabolism disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2715-1618]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#metabolic_bone_disease
"Intrahepatic cholestasis (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:4637005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#intrahepatic_cholestasis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#jaw_disease
"Cherubism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:53432004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cherubism
"fibrous Dysplasia of bone" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34609]
"fibrous dysplasia of bone (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:10623005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#osteitis_fibrosa_disseminata
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#jaw_abnormality
"disorder of optic nerve (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:77157004]
"disorder of the second nerve" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:194037001]
"optic nerve disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6601]
"optic nerve disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267741008]
"optic neuropathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:312964007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#optic_nerve_disease
"malignant mixed neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3729]
"mixed tumor, malignant (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:8145008]
"mixed tumor, malignant, NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189802003]
"A mixed cell type cancer that derives_from multiple tissue types." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_tumor]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_mixed_cancer
"melanocytic neoplasm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399956005]
"melanocytic neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7058]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#melanocytic_neoplasm
"Complete hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190921003]
"HG-PRT deficiency" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.2]
"Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:90924007]
"Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267451005]
"Hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (& [Lesch - Nyhan syndrome])" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190918000]
"Lesch - Nyhan syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190917005]
"Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:10406007]
"X-linked hyperuricemia (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:68655008]
"deficiency of IMP pyrophosphorylase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124275001]
"hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8105]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lesch-Nyhan_syndrome
"(Blood urate raized) or (hyperuricemia)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:166733000]
"Uricacidaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:35885006]
"hyperuricaemia [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237857006]
"hyperuricaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:144021008]
"hyperuricaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:271198001]
"hyperuricemia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3961]
"uricacidemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8097]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hyperuricemia
"disorder of sexual differentiation (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:39179006]
"sex differentiation disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2586-8784]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sex_differentiation_disease
"Hypogonadism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:48130008]
"hypogonadism" EXACT [CSP2005:2586-8835]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypogonadism
"Gaucher's disease [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:2859005]
"Gaucher's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.7]
"Glucosylceramide beta-glucosidase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190794006]
"Kerasin thesaurismosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:180485001]
"lipoid histiocytosis (kerasin type)" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8920]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Gaucher's_disease
"Sphingolipidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238028008]
"Sphingolipidosis, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:58459009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sphingolipidosis
"Supra-valvular aortic stenosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:747.22]
"Supra-valvular aortic stenosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204436002]
"Supravalvar aortic stenosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268185002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#supravalvular_aortic_stenosis
"Reproductive tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3674]
"malignant reproductive system neoplasm" EXACT []
"reproductive system neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2016-0492]
"A cancer by anatomical entity that is manifested in the reproductive system." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproductive_system#Examples_of_cancers]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cancer_of_reproductive_system
"Hypothalamus disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190463005]
"Hypothalamus disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:88108008]
"disorder of hypothalamus (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399100005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypothalamic_disease
"Angelman syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:76880004]
"puppetlike syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:4008-0043]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Angelman_syndrome
"Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:45582004]
"Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157032007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Rubinstein-Taybi_syndrome
"Dysostosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:109420003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#dysostosis
"Bardet-Biedl syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5619004]
"Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:232060005]
"syndrome, Bardet-Biedl" EXACT [MTH:125]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Bardet-Biedl_syndrome
"glandular cell Epithelium neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7132]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glandular_cell_epithelial_neoplasm
"Tumour of connective tissue" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254821003]
"connective tissue neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2008-3809]
"neoplasm of connective tissues (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126598008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#connective_tissue_neoplasm
"Socialized behavior disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:386820009]
"Socialized behavior disorder (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:112083000]
"Socialized conduct disorder NOS (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192093004]
"Socialized conduct disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:312.2]
"Socialized conduct disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192600007]
"Socialized conduct disorder, unspecified degree" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:312.20]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#socialized_conduct_disorder
"Communication disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:278919001]
"Communication disorder NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:307.9]
"Communication disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2958]
"Communication disorder, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:74825008]
"communication disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1579-2995]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#communication_impairment
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#urogenital_abnormality
"Multiple congenital exostosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205479007]
"Multiple exostoses syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:84852005]
"Multiple exostoses type I" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254044004]
"Multiple exostosis syndromes" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:240186007]
"Osteochondromatosis syndrome (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:16535008]
"multiple exostosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1975]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_multiple_exostoses
"Familiar neoplastic syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3266]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_neoplastic_syndrome
"B cell (antibody) deficiencies" EXACT []
"Immunoglobulin heavy chain deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234539005]
"immunoglobulin heavy chain deletion" EXACT []
"A primary immunnodeficiency disease that is caused by a lack of infection-fighting antibody producing B cells (immunoglobulins) or B cells that are not functioning properly." [url:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2601718/pdf/nihms57213.pdf, url:http\://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/primary_immuno.cfm#WhatisPrimaryImmunodeficiency]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#B_cell_deficiency
"Congenital ectodermal defect (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254154003]
"Congenital ectodermal defect" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205610005]
"Congenital ectodermal dysplasia" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:757.31]
"Ectodermal dysplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:8654005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ectodermal_dysplasia
"intracranial central nervous system tumors" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4953]
"intracranial tumor (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254935002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#intracranial_neoplasm
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#teeth_hard_tissue_disease
"Ocular tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3030]
"eye neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2018-3273]
"neoplasm of eye (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126995000]
"neoplasm of eye proper" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:371486001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#eye_neoplasm
"Asymptomatic bacteriuria antepartum" EXACT []
"Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy, with delivery" EXACT []
"Asymptomatic bacteriuria postpartum" EXACT []
"Gonorrhea + pregnancy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267316003]
"Infectious and parasitic conditions in the mother classifiable elsewhere, but complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium" EXACT []
"Syphilis + pregnancy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267316003]
"Syphilis complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium" EXACT []
"gonorrhea complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium" EXACT []
"gonorrhea of mother with delivery" EXACT []
"malaria complicating pregnancy, childbirth, or the puerperium" EXACT []
"malaria of mother with delivery" EXACT []
"syphilis of mother, complicating pregnancy, with delivery" EXACT []
complications mainly related to pregnancy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#complications_mainly_related_to_pregnancy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#coagulation_protein_disorder
"HEMORRHAGIC DISORDER" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Haemorrhagic condition, unspecified" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191327000]
"Hemorrhagic condition NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191331006]
"Hemorrhagic condition, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191437009]
"Hemorrhagic diathesis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:287.9]
"Hemorrhagic disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268884000]
"Unspecified hemorrhagic conditions" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:287.9]
"hemorrhagic disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-4811]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemorrhagic_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inherited_blood_coagulation_disorder
"Factor VII deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:37193007]
"Factor VII deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154820003]
"deficiency, stable" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:286.3]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#factor_VII_deficiency
"Factor V deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:4320005]
"Factor V deficiency [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191284007]
"Hereditary hypoproaccelerinaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:88776002]
"Labile factor deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:366160003]
"Proaccelerin deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:365157004]
"deficiency, labile" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:286.3]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#factor_V_deficiency
"Bernard - Soulier thrombopathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191309003]
"Bernard Soulier syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:4001-0130]
"Giant platelet syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234478007]
"Hemorrhagic dystrophic thrombocytopenia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:54569005]
"Thrombopathy, Bernard-Soulier" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:287.1]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Bernard-Soulier_syndrome
"Platelet disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:22716005]
"Thrombocytopathy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:287.1]
"platelet disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0446-1413]
"thrombocytopathy" EXACT [CSP2005:0446-4239]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#blood_platelet_disorder
"Factor X deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:76642003]
"disease, Stuart-Prower" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:286.3]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#factor_X_deficiency
"Dense body defect (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234474009]
"Platelet dense granule deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:9417000]
"Platelet storage pool defect" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128099001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#platelet_storage_pool_deficiency
malignant neoplasm of lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_lymphatic_and_hemopoietic_tissue
"Hemophilia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:90935002]
"Hemophilia NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:286.0]
"hemophilia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3093]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemophilia
"Coagulation Factor deficiency" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27215]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#coagulation_factor_deficiency
"Focal epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155041001]
"Focal epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193007004]
"Focal epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:29753000]
"epilepsy, focal NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:345.5]
"focal epilepsy" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-7151]
"localisation-related epilepsy -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:67139004]
"localisation-related epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155044009]
"localization-related epilepsy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230381009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#partial_epilepsy
"Factor II deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:73975000]
"Factor II deficiency" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26799]
"Factor II deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191283001]
"HYPOPROTHROMBINEMIA" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"deficiency, prothrombin" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:286.3]
"hypoprothrombinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0438-7564]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypoprothrombinemia
"A syndrome is a disease comprised of a group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular abnormality." [URL:http\://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=syndrome]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#syndrome
"short rib polydactyly syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205484001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#short_rib-polydactyly_syndrome
"Osteochondrodysplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:240190009]
"Osteochondrodysplasia syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:105985007]
"Osteochondrodysplasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205510001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#osteochondrodysplasia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gonadal_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#female_reproductive_system_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#motor_neuron_disease
"Crouzon syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28861008]
"Crouzon's disease" EXACT [CSP2005:0725-9662]
"Crouzon's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:756.0]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Crouzon_syndrome
"Craniosynostosis syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:57219006]
"Premature closure of cranial sutures" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:756.0]
"synostosis (cranial)" EXACT [CSP2005:0726-0275]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#craniosynostosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disorder_of_plasma_protein_metabolism
"Iron overload (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:60737008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#iron_overload
"Iron disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154751003]
"Iron disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267504005]
"disorder of iron metabolism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:30913008]
"disorder of iron metabolism NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190851008]
"disorder of iron metabolism" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:275.0]
"iron disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1630-2859]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#iron_metabolism_disorder
"Bronze diabetes (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399144008]
"Bronzed diabetes" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:275.0]
"Haemochromatosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154751003]
"Haemochromatosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267504005]
"Hemochromatosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399187006]
"Hemochromatosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:86781004]
"diabetes bronze" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4292]
"iron storage disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1630-3927]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemochromatosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#anemia
"Neuroaxonal dystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230365004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuroaxonal_dystrophy
"Gangliosidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:50967008]
"disease, Gangliosidosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:330.1]
"gangliosidosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8576]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gangliosidosis
"Generalized multiple sclerosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192928003]
"Multiple sclerosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:24700007]
"Multiple sclerosis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192930001]
"Multiple sclerosis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:340]
"Multiple sclerosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155023009]
"insular sclerosis" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-2324]
"multiple sclerosis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3243]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#multiple_sclerosis
"Thiamin deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:35843007]
"Thiamin deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399357009]
"Thiamine deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154725000]
"Thiamine deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267491008]
"Thiamine deficiency, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191088004]
"Thiamine deficiency, unspecified" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190628006]
"thiamine deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:2116-7354]
"vitamin B1 deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190624008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Thiamine_deficiency
"neural tumor of the skin" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4479]
"skin tumor of neural origin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254758008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#skin_tumor_of_neural_origin
"melanocytic neoplasm of skin" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7161]
"melanocytic tumor of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:276728004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cutaneous_melanocytic_neoplasm
"Glomus neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3060]
"Glomus tumor (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:403969002]
"Glomus tumor (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:10438002]
"Glomus tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189193002]
"Glomus tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:393567008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glomus_tumor
"neoplasm of Dermis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4475]
"tumor of dermis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254735005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tumor_of_Dermis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#non-neoplastic_retinal_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#psychotic_disorder
"HSMN - Hereditary sensory and motor neuropathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193158000]
"Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193161004]
"Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155081008]
"Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193160003]
"Neuropathic muscular atrophy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:356.1]
"Neuropathic muscular atrophy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:50548001]
"neuropathic muscular atrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-7637]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_motor_and_sensory_neuropathy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#spinocerebellar_degeneration
"hyperCHOLESTEROLEMIA" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"hypercholesteremia" EXACT [CSP2005:1744-1643]
"hypercholesterolaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154740003]
"hypercholesterolaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267500001]
"hypercholesterolemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:13644009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypercholesterolemia
"congenital neurologic anomaly" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_nervous_system_abnormality
"Sensory neuropathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:95662005]
"peripheral Sensory Neuropathy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3501]
"sensory neuropathy" EXACT [CSP2005:4007-0113]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sensory_neuropathy
"Hereditary peripheral neuropathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:65017003]
"Hereditary peripheral neuropathy NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193159008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hereditary_peripheral_neuropathy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alcohol-induced_mental_disorder
"Gorlin syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:69408002]
"Naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188145001]
"Naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254704004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nevoid_basal_cell_carcinoma_syndrome
"BASAL CELL carcinoma OF SKIN" EXACT [MTH:100]
"Basal cell cancer" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2921]
"Basal cell carcinoma (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:1338007]
"Basal cell carcinoma NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189573003]
"Basal cell carcinoma of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254701007]
"Basal cell neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189572008]
"Basal cell neoplasm NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189574009]
"Basal cell tumor (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:30649006]
"Basal cell tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3784]
"Epithelioma basal cell (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:275265005]
"basal cell carcinoma" EXACT [CSP2005:2000-2719]
"malignant Basal cell neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7586]
"malignant basal cell tumor (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:252995000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#basal_cell_carcinoma
"Alcohol-induced psychosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:42344001]
"Alcoholic psychoses" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154852003]
"Alcoholic psychosis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191482008]
"Alcoholic psychosis NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192212000]
"Alcoholism with psychosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:291.9]
"Mental and behavioral disorder due to use of alcohol: psychotic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268684002]
"Unspecified alcohol-induced mental disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:291.9]
"alcoholic psychosis" EXACT [CSP2005:0080-9468]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alcoholic_psychosis
"nephrosis NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:581.9]
"nephrosis, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:90708001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nephrosis
"Hematologic malignancy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127221002]
"Hematologic malignancy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:269475001]
"Hematologic neoplasm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:129154003]
"Hematological tumors" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27134]
"blood cancer" EXACT [CSP2005:2004-0139]
"hematopoietic and lymphoid system tumor" EXACT []
"hematopoietic neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:414388001]
"hematopoietic tumors" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27134]
"malignant hematopoietic neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:414644002]
"A cancer that affects the blood or bone marrow." [url:http\://www.cancer.gov/dictionary/?CdrID=45708]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hematologic_cancer
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nervous_system_alcohol-induced_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemangioma
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving intra-abdominal lymph nodes" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:202.53]
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving intrapelvic lymph nodes" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:202.56]
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving intrathoracic lymph nodes" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:202.52]
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving lymph nodes of axilla and upper limb" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:202.54]
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving lymph nodes of head, face and neck" EXACT []
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:202.51]
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:202.55]
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving lymph nodes of multiple sites" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:202.58]
"Letterer-Siwe disease involving spleen" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:202.57]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of intra-abdominal lymph nodes (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93133006]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of intra-abdominal lymph nodes" EXACT []
"Letterer-Siwe disease of intrapelvic lymph nodes (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93134000]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of intrapelvic lymph nodes" EXACT []
"Letterer-Siwe disease of intrathoracic lymph nodes (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93135004]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of intrathoracic lymph nodes" EXACT []
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of axilla and upper limb (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188657006]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of axilla and/or upper limb (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93136003]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of axilla and/or upper limb" EXACT []
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of head, face and neck (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188656002]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of head, face and/or neck (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93137007]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of inguinal region amd/or lower limb" EXACT []
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188658001]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of inguinal region and/or lower limb (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93138002]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of multiple sites (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93139005]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of lymph nodes of multiple sites" EXACT []
"Letterer-Siwe disease of spleen (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93140007]
"Letterer-Siwe disease of spleen" EXACT []
"A Langerhans-cell histiocytosis and malignant histiocytic disorder and malignant neoplasm of abdomen that results_in an abnormal increase in the number of immune cells called histiocytes." [url:https\://health.google.com/health/ref/Histiocytosis]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Letterer-Siwe_disease
"Macular Corneal Dystrophy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34793]
"Macular corneal dystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:60258001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#macular_corneal_dystrophy
"Corneal Dystrophy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34513]
"Corneal dystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5587004]
"corneal dystrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-8656]
"corneal dystrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:1254-7727]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Corneal_dystrophy
"malignant histiocytic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127070008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_histiocytic_disorder
"Histiocytosis X , unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190956004]
"Histiocytosis X syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190955000]
"Histiocytosis X" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.89]
"Histiocytosis X" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154583006]
"Histiocytosis X" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:269628007]
"Langerhan's cell histiocytosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234439008]
"Langerhans cell Granulomatosis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3107]
"Langerhans cell granulomatosis" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-5330]
"Langerhans cell histiocytosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:65399007]
"Langerhans cell histiocytosis, no ICD-O subtype (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128809007]
"Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:110450007]
"A disease of metabolism and histiocytic and dendritic cell cancer and histiocytosis and interstitial lung disease that results_in the proliferation of Langerhans cells." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langerhans_cell_histiocytosis]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Langerhans-cell_histiocytosis
"Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:56692003]
"Rhizomelic chrondrodysplasia punctata" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.86]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#rhizomelic_chondrodysplasia_punctata
"Chondrodysplasia calcificans congenita" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:22932004]
"Chondrodysplasia punctata (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:42778005]
"Chondrodysplasia punctata (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205486004]
"Chondrodysplasia punctata (stippled epiphyses) group (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:278715001]
"Chondrodysplasia punctata congenita (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360507004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#chondrodysplasia_punctata
"Acatalasemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267454002]
"Acatalasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111393000]
"deficiency of catalase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124202004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#acatalasia
"Agammaglobulinaemia -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:81282009]
"Agammaglobulinemia (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:119249001]
"Agammaglobulinemia NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:279.00]
"HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Hypogammaglobulinemia (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:119250001]
"Hypogammaglobulinemia NOS (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190978006]
"Hypogammaglobulinemia, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:81282009]
"Hypogammaglobulinemia, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:279.00]
"agammaglobulinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0449-3787]
"hypogammaglobulinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0449-3787]
"A B cell deficiency that is caused by a reduction in all types of gamma globulins." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysgammaglobulinemia]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#agammaglobulinemia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pancreas_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuroblastic_tumor
"neuronal and Glio-neuronal tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4747]
"neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumor (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:302831000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuronal_and_glio-neuronal_neoplasm
"kidney neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2021-1116]
"neoplasm of kidney (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126880001]
"renal tumors" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3150]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#kidney_neoplasm
"Bloom syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:4434006]
"Bloom-Torre-Machacek syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1254-7913]
"Congenital Telangiectatic Erythema syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2903]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#bloom_syndrome
"Dermatitis (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:4979002]
"Dermatitis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:182782007]
"Dermatitis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:200884006]
"Dermatitis NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156358005]
"Dermatitis NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267847004]
"Dermatitis, NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:692.9]
"Other chronic dermatitis due to solar radiation" EXACT []
"Other dermatitis due to solar radiation" EXACT []
"dermatitis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2983]
"skin inflammation NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267856007]
"skin inflammation NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156388001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#dermatitis
"Dyskeratosis congenita (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:74911008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#dyskeratosis_congenita
"Epidermolysis bullosa (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:61003004]
"Epidermolysis bullosa" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:757.39]
"Epidermolysis bullosa" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205580008]
"acantholysis bullosa" EXACT [CSP2005:0726-9169]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#epidermolysis_bullosa
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vesiculobullous_skin_disease
"Congenital poikiloderma" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:757.33]
"Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:69093006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Rothmund-Thomson_syndrome
"Atrophoderma (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399979006]
"Atrophoderma" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:701.9]
"Atrophoderma" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:201090001]
"atrophic condition of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:16343004]
"atrophic condition of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:400190005]
"skin Atrophy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35163]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#atrophic_condition_of_skin
"Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:7109007]
"Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:252246005]
"Pseudoxanthoma elasticum [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205574000]
"Pseudoxanthoma elasticum" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:157017000]
"Pseudoxanthoma elasticum" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:239140003]
"Pseudoxanthoma elasticum" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268355000]
"pseudoxanthoma elasticum" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8016]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pseudoxanthoma_elasticum
"Bilirubinemia, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:20505009]
"hyperbilirubinaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154770008]
"hyperbilirubinaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267509000]
"hyperbilirubinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:14783006]
"hyperbilirubinemia [dup] (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:235904007]
"hyperbilirubinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1653-7010]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hyperbilirubinemia
"hereditary hyperbilirubinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1654-1020]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_hyperbilirubinemia
"Glycogen storage disease, type V (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:55912009]
"McArdle's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:271.0]
"myophosphorylase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease_type_V
"Glycogen storage disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:29633007]
"Glycogen storage disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:271.0]
"Glycogen storage disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154738008]
"Glycogen storage disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267498002]
"Glycogenosis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190744005]
"Glycogenosis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:271.0]
"glycogenosis" EXACT [CSP2005:4000-0193]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease
"Glycogen storage disease, type III (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:66937008]
"amylo 1,6 glucosidase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-3893]
"deficiency of debranching enzyme" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124474000]
"deficiency of dextrin" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124472001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease_type_III
"Glycogen storage disease, type I (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:7265005]
"deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124437004]
"glycogenosis type I" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-3779]
"von Gierke disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154738008]
"von Gierke disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267498002]
"von Gierke's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:271.0]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease_type_I
"Amylopectinosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:271.0]
"Branching-transferase deficiency glycogenosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190742009]
"Glycogen storage disease, type IV (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:11179002]
"brancher deficiency glycogenosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-3950]
"deficiency of 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124267007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease_type_IV
"Glycogen storage disease type VIII (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:41527003]
"glycogenosis type VIII" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4178]
"hepatic glycogen phosphorylase kinase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:297255007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease_type_VIII
"Generalized glycogenosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267424007]
"Glycogen storage disease, type II (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:274864009]
"Glycogen storage disease, type II [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:76219003]
"Glycogenosis, type 2" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190741002]
"Lysosomal alpha-1,4-glucosidase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237967002]
"Pompe's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:271.0]
"Pompe's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237968007]
"acid maltase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-3836]
"deficiency of glucoamylase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124454007]
"deficiency of maltase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124462004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease_type_II
nervous system lysosomal storage disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nervous_system_lysosomal_storage_disease
"Glycogen storage disease, type VI (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:29291001]
"hepatic glycogen phosphorylase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237971004]
"hepatophosphorylase deficiency glycogenosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4064]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glycogen_storage_disease_type_VI
"Tic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:568005]
"Tic disorder (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192621007]
"Tic disorder NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:307.20]
"Tic disorder unspecified (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191989005]
"Tic disorder unspecified" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192626002]
"Tic disorder, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:307.20]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tic_disorder
"Cerebellar deficiency syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:224186005]
"Cerebellar disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:307361005]
"Cerebellar disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155010002]
"Cerebellar disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192867005]
"Cerebellar disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267691001]
"Cerebellar disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:223176004]
"Cerebellar disorder [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:49784007]
"cerebellar disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-3992]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cerebellar_disease
"malignant tumor of abdomen (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188366002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_abdomen
"Addiction (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:32709003]
"Addiction -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:123088001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#addictive_behavior
"Academic skill disorder, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:1855002]
"Learning disorder NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:315.9]
"learning disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2483-6402]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#learning_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemoglobinopathy
"Arterial disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155413007]
"Arterial disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266317000]
"Arterial disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367395004]
"Arterial disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35317]
"Arteriopath" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:39823006]
"disease of artery [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:77735004]
"disorder of artery (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:359557001]
"disorder of artery [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:271948001]
"disorder of artery" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:359560008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#arteriopathy
"disorder of vision (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:95677002]
"vision disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-9612]
"visual disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35126]
"visual disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:40031005]
"visual disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:7973008]
"visual system disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128127008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vision_disorder
"Immunoproliferative disease - morphology" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:134363002]
"Immunoproliferative disease, no ICD-O subtype (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:86295000]
"Immunoproliferative disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127071007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#immunoproliferative_disorder
"Paraproteinaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:35601003]
"Paraproteinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:278501001]
"Paraproteinemia NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190816000]
"Paraproteinemia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27468]
"Paraproteinemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:123061006]
"paraproteinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0449-2705]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#paraproteinemia
"Anomaly or syndrome, Chediak-Steinbrinck" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:288.2]
"Chdiak-Higashi syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111396008]
"Chediak - Steinbrinck anomaly" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191356000]
"Chediak Higashi anomaly" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1918]
"Chediak-Higashi syndrome -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:123309000]
"Chediak-Higashi syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2941]
"Chediak-Higashi syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190696004]
"chediak-higashi syndrome" EXACT [MTH:U001801]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Chediak-Higashi_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tumor_virus_infectious_disease
"BIDS syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:403796005]
"trichothiodystrophy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4924]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#IBIDS_syndrome
"DNA Repair disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7757]
"deficiency of DNA repair (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28965003]
"A simple genetic disease that results from a reduced functionality of DNA repair." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_repair-deficiency_disorder]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#DNA_repair_deficiency
"cystic disease of kidney (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:236439005]
"cystic kidney disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34750]
"cystic kidney disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156973002]
"cystic kidney disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268332003]
"cystic kidney" EXACT [CSP2005:1682-0412]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cystic_kidney
"disorder of carbohydrate transport and metabolism" EXACT []
"inborn carbohydrate metabolism disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0551-8201]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_carbohydrate_metabolism
"benign paroxysmal peritonitis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.3]
"familial Mediterranean fever (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:12579009]
"familial Mediterranean fever" EXACT [CSP2005:1254-7727]
"familial Mediterranean fever" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1519]
"familial Mediterranean fever" EXACT [CSP2005:2871-4310]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#familial_Mediterranean_fever
"adenocarcinoma NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189582009]
"adenocarcinoma" EXACT [CSP2005:2000-0386]
"adenocarcinoma" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2852]
"adenocarcinoma, no subtype (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:35917007]
"adenocarcinomas" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189578007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adenocarcinoma
"environmentally induced disease" EXACT []
"A disease that has an etiology of environment, such as nutrition, chemical exposure, or other environmental factors excluding infectious agents." [DO:wk\,ls, URL:http\://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=environment]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disease_by_environmental_origin
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#drug_abuse
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#complication_of_the_puerperium
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#substance-related_disorder
"carcinoma NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189549006]
"carcinoma, no subtype (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:68453008]
"epithelial carcinoma" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2916]
"A cancer that derives_from epithelial cells." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoma]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#carcinoma
"glioma, malignant" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189909006]
"glioma, malignant, no ICD-O subtype" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:74532006]
"malignant Neuroglial tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4822]
"malignant glioma (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:269505000]
"malignant glioma - category" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:416500007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_glioma
"Epileptic seizures - myoclonic (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192992007]
"Epileptic seizures, myoclonic" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:345.1]
"Myoclonic seizure disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:37356005]
"Myoclonic seizure" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192847001]
"myoclonia epileptica" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-7984]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#myoclonic_epilepsy
"Interstitial lung disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:233703007]
"Interstitial lung disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:64667001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#interstitial_lung_disease
"neoplasm of nervous system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126950007]
"nervous system neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2012-5157]
"tumor of the nervous system" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3268]
"A cancer that affects the nervous system." [url:http\://emedicine.medscape.com/oncology]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cancer_of_the_nervous_system
"tumor of Neuroepithelium" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3787]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuroepithelial_neoplasm
"germ cell and embryonal neoplasm" RELATED []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#germ_cell_and_embryonal_cancer
"Fukuhara syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:57254004]
"Myoclonic epilepsy - ragged red fibers (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230426003]
"Myoclonus epilepsy AND ragged red fibers (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:68448003]
"Myoclonus with epilepsy and with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF syndrome)" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.87]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#MERRF_syndrome
"renal and ureteral tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7514]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#kidney_and_Ureter_tumor
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#liver_and_biliary_tract_disease
"gastrointestinal neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2010-0179]
"neoplasm of gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126768004]
"tumor of gastrointestinal tract (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:276806006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gastrointestinal_neoplasm
"MEA - Multiple endocrine adenomatosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:46724008]
"Multiple endocrine adenomas (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:60549007]
"Multiple endocrine adenomatosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190566000]
"multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C6432]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#multiple_endocrine_neoplasia
"hepatic porphyria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:55056006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hepatic_porphyria
"Mucinosis (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:11528001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucinoses
"Cutis laxa (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:58588007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cutis_laxa
"Remnant hyperlipidemia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34710]
"carbohydrate induced hyperlipemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4681]
"carbohydrate induced hyperlipemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4738]
"familial hypercholesterolaemia with hyperlipaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:398796005]
"familial type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:42569002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hyperlipoproteinemia_type_III
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_lipid_metabolism
"hyperlipoproteinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:3744001]
"hyperlipoproteinemia NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:272.4]
"hyperlipoproteinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1749-0698]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hyperlipoproteinemia
"neoplasm of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126488004]
"neoplasm of skin by site" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363230005]
"skin neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2020-0536]
"tumor of the skin" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3372]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#skin_neoplasm
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#spinal_cord_disease
"Nemaline body disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:359.0]
"Nemaline myopathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:75072002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nemaline_myopathy
"neural tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35562]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neural_neoplasm
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sensation_disorder
"Leukodystrophy, sudanophilic" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:330.0]
"Pelizaeus Merzbacher brain sclerosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5479]
"Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:64855000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Pelizaeus-Merzbacher_disease
"disorder of lysosomal enzyme (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:23585005]
"inborn lysosomal enzyme disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5878]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lysosomal_storage_disease
hereditary central nervous system demyelinating disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_central_nervous_system_demyelinating_disease
"demyelinating disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34527]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#demyelinating_disease
"phagocytic dysfunction" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-7579]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#phagocyte_bactericidal_dysfunction
"Partial albinism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:6479008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#piebaldism
"A nervous system disease that affects either the spinal cord (myelopathy) or brain (encephalopathy) of the central nervous system." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system_disease]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#central_nervous_system_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#perivascular_tumor
"Tay-Sachs disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111385000]
"disease, Tay-Sachs" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:330.1]
"hexosaminidase A deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8690]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Tay-Sachs_disease
"GM>2< gangliosidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:33316007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gangliosidoses_GM2
"Beta-galactosidase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238044004]
"GM1 gangliosidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238025006]
"GM>1< gangliosidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:32917001]
"Landing syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8633]
"beta-Galactosidase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:33164006]
"deficiency of beta-galactosidase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124465002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gangliosidosis_GM1
"Sandhoff Jatzkewitz disease" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8747]
"Sandhoff disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:23849003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Sandhoff_disease
"Mucolipidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:70528007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mucolipidosis
"Xanthomatosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:63103006]
"xanthelasmatosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1746-8555]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#xanthomatosis
"Osteogenic tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C6603]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#osteogenic_neoplasm
"mesenchymal tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7059]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mesenchymal_cell_neoplasm
"Histiocytosis (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:60657004]
"Histiocytosis, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190957008]
"A reticuloendotheliosis that is characterized by an excessive number of histiocytes." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histiocytosis]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#histiocytosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#peripheral_vascular_disease
"Alpha-D-mannosidosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:65524005]
"deficiency of alpha-mannosidase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124466001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alpha-mannosidase_deficiency
"Mannosidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:65524005]
"Mannosidosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:271.8]
"Mannosidosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190937009]
"mannosidase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-6504]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mannosidase_deficiency_disease
"A disease that involves any biological process (GO:0008150) specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms." [DO:wk\,ls]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disease_of_biological_process
"Non-melanoma skin cancer" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4914]
"A carcinoma that is located_in tissues of the skin." [url:http\://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/skin]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#skin_carcinoma
"hamartoma (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:400006008]
"hamartoma (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:51398009]
"hamartomatous polyp (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:27391005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hamartoma
"Uveal disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26908]
"disorder of uveal tract (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:95678007]
"uvea disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-9583]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#uveal_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#metabolic_skin_disease
"Reticuloendothelial hyperplasia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34977]
"reticuloendotheliosis" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-8963]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#reticuloendotheliosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cerebral_arterial_disease
"central core disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:43152001]
"central core disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:359.0]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#central_Core_Myopathy
"Lafora Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy" EXACT []
"Lafora disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230425004]
"Lafora's disease" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-7984]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lafora_disease
"neoplasm of pancreas (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126859007]
"pancreas neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2014-4876]
"pancreatic neoplasm" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"pancreatic tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3305]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pancreatic_neoplasm
"Gestational trophoblastic disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:416402001]
"Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:417475006]
"Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:416441004]
"Gestational trophoblastic tumor (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237251001]
"Trophoblastic disease (& [various moles])" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:198610008]
"Trophoblastic disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:5759005]
"Trophoblastic disease NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:630]
"gestational trophoblastic neoplasia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4699]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Gestational_trophoblastic_neoplasm
"Spongy degeneration of central nervous system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:80544005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Canavan_disease
"Hypogonadism with anosmia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93559003]
"Kallman syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:33927004]
"Kallman's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190559001]
"familial hypogonadism with anosmia" EXACT [CSP2005:2586-8846]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Kallmann_syndrome
"CNS neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2012-5421]
"central nervous system tumors" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C9293]
"neoplasm of central nervous system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126951006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#central_nervous_system_neoplasm
"Inborn error of pyruvate metabolism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:53210006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_pyruvate_metabolism
"Lactic acidosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:91273001]
"Lactic acidosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:276.2]
"lactic acidosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5394]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lactic_acidosis
"deficiency of pyruvic carboxylase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124716008]
"deficiency of pyruvic carboxylase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:87694001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pyruvate_carboxylase_deficiency_disease
"Infantile necrotizing encephalomyelopathy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:330.8]
"Leigh's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:29570005]
"subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy" EXACT [CSP2005:1254-7727]
"subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5394]
"subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy" EXACT [CSP2005:5000-0048]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Leigh_disease
"Sialuria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238051008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sialuria
"malignant neoplasm of kidney NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:189.0]
"malignant neoplasm of kidney, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93849006]
"malignant renal neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7548]
"malignant tumor of kidney (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363518003]
"malignant tumour of kidney" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154542008]
"renal cancer" EXACT [CSP2005:2021-1116]
"renal malignant neoplasm" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188249002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_kidney
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#skin_disease
"Myeloma - solitary" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189507001]
"Myeloma, solitary" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154644004]
"Myeloma, solitary" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:269652000]
"Plasma cell tumor (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:274907000]
"Plasma cell tumor NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190019006]
"Plasma cell tumors (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190016004]
"Solitary myeloma (clinical)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:109987008]
"Solitary myeloma" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:238.6]
"Solitary plasmacytoma of bone (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:10639003]
"Solitary plasmacytoma" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C6932]
"plasma cell neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2004-8110]
"plasmacytoma - disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:302852008]
"plasmacytoma - disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:415112005]
"plasmacytoma NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:308122007]
"plasmacytoma NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188720009]
"plasmacytoma NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190017008]
"plasmacytoma" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C9349]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#plasmacytoma
"disorder of puerperium (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:362973001]
"disorder of the puerperium" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156262002]
"puerperal disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2404-6473]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#puerperal_disease
"A nephroblastoma that derives_from an abnormality in the WT1 gene (Wilms' tumor suppressor gene)." [url:http\://do-wiki.nubic.northwestern.edu/index.php/Relations_in_DO]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Denys-Drash_syndrome
"Coffin-Lowry syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:15182000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Coffin-Lowry_syndrome
"Bilirubin UDP glucuronyl transferase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190933008]
"Crigler Najjar syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1654-1020]
"Crigler-Najjar syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28259009]
"Crigler-Najjar syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.4]
"Crigler-Najjar syndrome, type I (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:8933000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Crigler-Najjar_syndrome
"Ankylosis of joint of ankle and/or foot (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:57137004]
"Ankylosis of joint of forearm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:39147002]
"Ankylosis of joint of hand (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:56923001]
"Ankylosis of joint of lower leg (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:43534008]
"Ankylosis of joint of multiple sites (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:90242006]
"Ankylosis of joint of shoulder region (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:2890007]
"Ankylosis of joint of upper arm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:9064009]
"Ankylosis of multiple joints" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156560006]
"Joint ankylosis of the ankle and foot" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156567009, SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:202304009]
"Joint ankylosis of the ankle and/or foot (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267936005]
"Joint ankylosis of the forearm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267933002]
"Joint ankylosis of the forearm" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:202300000]
"Joint ankylosis of the hand" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156564002]
"Joint ankylosis of the lower leg (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267935009]
"Joint ankylosis of the lower leg" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:202303003]
"Joint ankylosis of the pelvic region and thigh (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267934008]
"Joint ankylosis of the pelvic region and thigh" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:202301001]
"Joint ankylosis of the shoulder region (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:202298000]
"Joint ankylosis of the shoulder region" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156561005]
"Joint ankylosis of the upper arm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267932007]
"Joint ankylosis of the upper arm" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:202299008]
"ankylosis of ankle and foot joint" EXACT []
"ankylosis of joint of multiple sites" EXACT []
"ankylosis of joint of pelvic region and thigh" EXACT []
"ankylosis of joint of shoulder region" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#arthropathy
"Hemangiopericytic neoplasm NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189867006]
"Hemangiopericytic neoplasm" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189866002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemangiopericytic_tumor
"male reproductive system neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2016-2462]
"neoplasm of male genital organ" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126895004]
"tumor of male Reproductive system" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3054]
"A cancer of reproductive system that is manifested in the male genital system. This includes organs such as the penis and scrotum." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template\:Male_genital_neoplasia, url:http\://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/g/genital_system_cancer/intro.htm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#male_genital_cancer
"AIP - acute intermittent porphyria" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190914003]
"Pyrroloporphyria" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.1]
"acute intermittent porphyria (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:90842001]
"acute intermittent porphyria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234422006]
"porphyria intermittent acute" EXACT [CSP2005:0944-4849]
"porphyria intermittent acute" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-7674]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#acute_intermittent_porphyria
"malignant Thoracic tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3576]
"malignant neoplasm of thorax NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188365003]
"malignant tumor of thorax (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188361007]
"thoracic cancer" EXACT [CSP2005:2005-5041]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_thorax
"disorder of adrenal cortex (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:129636003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adrenal_cortex_disease
"Hallervorden-Spatz disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:333.0]
"Pigmentary pallidal degeneration (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:2992000]
"brain Iron Accumulation type I syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C8967]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hallervorden-Spatz_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cancer_of_urinary_tract
"psychomotor disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2484-1601]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#psychomotor_disorder
"vitamin E deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:54137008]
"vitamin E deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:2116-7687]
"vitamin E deficiency" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:269.1]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vitamin_E_deficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mouth_disease
"Heart valve disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:368009]
"Valvular heart disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:195013005]
"heart valve disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1393-3757]
"Heart valve disease is a heart disease described as any disease process involving one or more of the valves of the heart (the aortic and mitral valves on the left and the pulmonary and tricuspid valves on the right). Valve problems may be congenital (inborn) or acquired (due to another cause later in life)." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_valve_disease]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#heart_valve_disease
"Trophoblastic neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:115234004]
"Trophoblastic neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189855009]
"Trophoblastic neoplasm NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189858006]
"Trophoblastic tumor (qualifier value)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:134334000]
"Trophoblastic tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3422]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Trophoblastic_neoplasm
"bile duct disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197455006]
"disorder of bile duct (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:118926004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#bile_duct_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gastrointestinal_neuroendocrine_tumor
"peripheral Neuroectodermal neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C9341]
"peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:253096008]
"peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:73676002]
"peripheral neuroepithelioma (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254764001]
Ewings sarcoma-primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Ewings_sarcoma-primitive_neuroectodermal_tumor_(PNET)
"malignant neoplasm of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:372130007]
"malignant neoplasm of skin NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188143008]
"malignant neoplasm of skin" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"malignant neoplasm of skin, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190107001]
"melanoma and Non-melanoma skin cancer" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2920]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cancer_of_skin
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#autoimmune_disease
"Albright hereditary osteodystrophy -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:123057000]
"Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-7959]
"Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154697005]
"Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267479004]
"Pseudohypoparathyroidism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:58976002]
"Pseudohypoparathyroidism type I A (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:58833000]
"Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:278716000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pseudohypoparathyroidism
"disorder of glucose metabolism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126877002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#glucose_metabolism_disorder
"neoplasm of cerebellum" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126960003]
"tumor of Cerebellum" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2935]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cerebellar_neoplasm
"Hair disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34656]
"Hair/hair follicle disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156407009]
"Hair/hair follicle disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267862002]
"disorder of hair (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:279425004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hair_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_structural_myopathy
"Ca breast - NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:269595005]
"breast cancer" EXACT [CSP2005:2016-0671]
"malignant neoplasm of breast (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190121004]
"malignant neoplasm of breast, unspecified" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:174.9]
"malignant tumor of breast (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254837009]
"malignant tumor of the breast" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C9335]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_breast
"Gerstmann Straussler syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-5006]
"Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:67155006]
"Gerstmann-straussler-scheinker disease is a prion disease where the disease is very rare, usually familial, fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects patients from 20 to 60 years in age. This extremely rare disease is classified as a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerstmann-straussler-scheinker_disease]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker_disease
certain conditions originating in the perinatal period
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#certain_conditions_originating_in_the_perinatal_period
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#conjunctival_disease
"Alexander's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:81854007]
"Alexander's disease" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-5479]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Alexander_disease
"Osteosclerosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:49347007]
"osteosclerosis" EXACT [CSP2005:2715-2940]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#osteosclerosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#rheumatism
complications of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#complications_of_pregnancy,_childbirth_and_the_puerperium
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#respiratory_system_abnormality
"Polyradiculoneuropathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128078004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#polyradiculoneuropathy
"Non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127069007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#non-langerhans-cell_histiocytosis
"Hypophosphatemia, familial" EXACT [MTH:U000306]
"familial hypophosphataemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237901003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#familial_hypophosphatemia
"Protocoproporphyria" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.1]
"Protoporphyrinogen oxidase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:276264004]
"Variegate porphyria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:58275005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#variegate_porphyria
"Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:43929004]
"Smith-Opitz-Inborn syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:5002-0023]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Smith-Lemli-Opitz_syndrome
"Myasthenia gravis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:91637004]
"Myasthenia gravis NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193208002]
"Myasthenia gravis with (acute) exacerbation" EXACT []
"Myasthenia gravis without (acute) exacerbation" EXACT []
"Myasthenia gravis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:358.0]
"Myasthenia gravis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155092009]
"myasthenia gravis" EXACT [CSP2005:2057-3613]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#myasthenia_gravis
"autoimmune nervous system disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1560-5548]
"autoimmune nervous system disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-2001]
"autoimmune nervous system disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6653]
"autoimmune nervous system disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2057-3403]
autoimmune disease of the nervous system
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#autoimmune_disease_of_the_nervous_system
"Neuromuscular junction disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128213006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuromuscular_junction_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tissue_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuromuscular_disease
"Sea-blue histiocyte syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:37821003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sea-blue_histiocyte_syndrome
"inborn renal tubular transport disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-8301]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_renal_tubular_transport
"Achondroplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:86268005]
"Achondroplastic dwarf" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205467007]
"Achondroplastic dwarf" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268273004]
"Achondroplastic physique (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:248299001]
"Achondroplastic physique" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190584003]
"Chondrodystrophia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:756.4]
"achondroplasia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-0171]
"osteosclerosis congenita" EXACT [CSP2005:2715-2940]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#achondroplasia
"Myotonic disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193237003]
"Myotonic disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193240003]
"Myotonic disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:359.2]
"Myotonic disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155096007]
"Myotonic disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267713009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#myotonic_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#orofaciodigital_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Endocardial_Cushion_Defects
"Amnesia (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:48167000]
"Amnesia symptom" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:162199006]
"Memory loss NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:780.93]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#amnesia
"malignant neoplasm of aortic body and other paraganglia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188343003]
"malignant neoplasm of aortic body and other paraganglia" EXACT []
"A cancer that affects an anatomical entity." [DO:lh]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cancer_by_anatomical_entity
"Holoprosencephaly sequence (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:30915001]
"familial alobar holoprosencephaly -RETIRED-" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:44519006]
"holoprosencephaly" EXACT [CSP2005:0723-2277]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#holoprosencephaly
"Retinal tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4800]
"neoplasm of retina" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127002001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#retinal_neoplasm
"A retinoblastoma that refers to bilateral retinoblastoma associated with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor located_in the pineal or suprasellar region." [url:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10391573]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#trilateral_retinoblastoma
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_nervous_system
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#prostate_disease
"brain neoplasm, Infratentorial" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3139]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Infratentorial_neoplasm
"Angioma of the skin" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4905]
"Angiomatous naevus of skin" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254773009]
"hemangioma of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93471006]
"skin hemangioma" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189195009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemangioma_of_skin
"memory disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2483-6413]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#memory_disorder
"Angiokeratoma (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:26810009]
"angiokeratoma" EXACT [CSP2005:2007-0683]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#angiokeratoma
"Tay-Sachs disease, variant AB (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:71253000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Tay-Sachs_disease_AB_variant
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#male_reproductive_system_disease
"Movement disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:60342002]
"movement disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2057-3596]
"movement disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2057-3603]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#movement_disorder
hereditary degenerative disease of central nervous system
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_degenerative_disease_of_central_nervous_system
"vascular hemostatic disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:21112004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vascular_hemostatic_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#anterior_horn_cell_disease
"Neurodegenerative disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4802]
"A degenerative disease that results_in the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurodegeneration]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neurodegenerative_disease
"Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:6204001]
"juvenile myoclonic epilepsy" EXACT [CSP2005:0485-7984]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#juvenile_myoclonic_epilepsy
"adenocarcinoma in adenomatous polyp (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:43233001]
"adenocarcinoma in adenomatous polyp" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7676]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adenocarcinoma_in_a_polyp
"Myeloid neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:414792005]
"Myeloproliferative disease NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:238.7]
"Myeloproliferative disease, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:20921005]
"Myeloproliferative disease, no ICD-O subtype (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128925001]
"Myeloproliferative disorder (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:414794006]
"Myeloproliferative disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188772004]
"Myeloproliferative tumors" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C9290]
"bone Marrow tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35370]
"bone marrow neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2004-0492]
"malignant bone Marrow tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35501]
"malignant neoplasm of bone marrow" EXACT []
"myeloproliferative neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2004-0893]
"neoplasm of bone marrow (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:414824005]
"primary malignant neoplasm of bone marrow (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:93720005]
"A bone marrow disease and hematopoietic cancer that derives_from the blood-forming stem cells of the bone marrow." [url:http\://nci.nih.gov/dictionary/?CdrID=430857]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#bone_marrow_cancer
"bone Marrow disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34433]
"bone marrow disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127035006]
"bone marrow disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-3773]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#bone_marrow_disease
"Adrenal gland hyperplasia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35408]
"Adrenal hypertrophy or hyperplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237775000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adrenal_hyperplasia
"Langer-Giedion syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:41069008]
"Trichorhinophalangeal dysplasia type II" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:239017000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Langer-Giedion_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#thyroid_gland_disease
neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumor of cerebellum
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuronal_and_mixed_neuronal-glial_tumor_of_cerebellum
"Thoracic tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3406]
"thorax neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2005-5041]
"tumor of thorax (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:255058005]
"A cancer by anatomical entity that develops in the different types of cells within the lungs, as well as less common cancers of the esophagus, the trachea, or the chest wall." [url:http\://www.advocatehealth.com/cmc/body.cfm?id=203]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#thoracic_cancer
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#deficiency_disease
"NGP - New growth of prostate" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363448003]
"neoplasm of prostate (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126906006]
"prostate neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2016-2641]
"tumor of the prostate" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3343]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#prostatic_neoplasm
"Fructose-biphosphatase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28183005]
"fructose 1 phosphate aldolase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-3494]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#fructose-1,6-diphosphatase_deficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_fructose_metabolism
"Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238049009]
carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#carbohydrate-deficient_glycoprotein_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hepatoerythropoietic_porphyria
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#peritoneal_and_retroperitoneal_tumors
"Capillary Hemangioblastoma" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3801]
"Hemangioblastoma (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:81201000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemangioblastoma
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#visual_alteration
"Diverticula of intestine (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:63532004]
"Diverticula of the intestine NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197116004]
"Diverticular disease(& [of intestine])" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197081001]
"Diverticular disorder of intestine (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:271365001]
"Diverticular disorder of intestine" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197082008]
"Diverticulosis of small intestine" EXACT []
"GIT vascular insuffic. NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155768005]
"Ischemic Bowel disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35212]
"Non-infective enteritis and colitis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197533001, SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:307418008]
"Other and unspecified noninfectious gastroenteritis and colitis" EXACT []
"Unspecified vascular insufficiency of intestine" EXACT []
"angiodysplasia of intestine with hemorrhage" EXACT []
"gastrointestinal tract vascular insufficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:312607004]
"gastrointestinal tract vascular insufficiency NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266521006]
"intestinal ISCHEMIA" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"intestinal vascular insufficiency NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:197009002]
"noninfectious enteritis and colitis" EXACT []
"vascular insuff.- intestine" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266518009]
"vascular insufficiency of intestine (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:82196007]
"vascular insufficiency of intestine" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:557]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#intestinal_disease
"Hypomelia Hypotrichosis Facial hemangioma syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4681]
"Roberts-SC phocomelia syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:48718006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Roberts-SC_phocomelia_syndrome
"Diverticular disease of colon" EXACT []
"colon disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1248-3971]
"disorder of colon (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128524007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#colonic_disease
"Pregnancy disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156069003]
"Pregnancy disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267293009]
"disease of pregnancy [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:23288008]
"disorder of pregnancy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:173300003]
"disorder of pregnancy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:172422001]
"pregnancy disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2403-8085]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pregnancy_disease
"Ophthalmoplegia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:16110005]
"Ophthalmoplegia NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:378.9]
"Ophthalmoplegia NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155196009]
"Ophthalmoplegia NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267745004]
"Total ophthalmoplegia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:78097002]
"oculomotor paralysis" EXACT [CSP2005:1115-2778]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ophthalmoplegia
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#schizoaffective_disorder
"Dystonia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:15802004]
"Dystonia, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:194478005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#dystonic_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#kidney_disease
"Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:81780002]
"Wiedemann's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:36193003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Beckwith-Wiedemann_syndrome
"eye infection (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128351009]
"eye infection" EXACT [CSP2005:1115-1009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#eye_disease
"Myotonic Chondrodystrophy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35008]
"Schwartz syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:8632008]
"Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:29145002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Schwartz-Jampel_syndrome
"histiocytic and dendritic cell " RELATED []
"A sarcoma and hematologic cancer that derives_from follicular lymphoma." [url:http\://www.springerlink.com/content/h9wrn7p72x26q035/]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#histiocytic_and_dendritic_cell_cancer
"Cranial nerve disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:73013002]
"Cranial nerve disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267598004]
"Cranial nerve disorder NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193104009]
"Cranial nerve disorder NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267709002]
"Cranial nerve disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26733]
"Unspecified disorder of cranial nerves" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:352.9]
"disorder of cranial nerve" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:276379008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cranial_nerve_disease
"Retinal disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:29555009]
"Retinal disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193430004]
"Retinal disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26875]
"Retinopathies" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267715002]
"Retinopathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:399625000]
"Retinopathy, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:35426003]
"Unspecified retinal disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:362.9]
"retina disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-9311]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#retinal_disease
"Bannayan syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234138005]
"Bannayan syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205795008]
"Bannayan syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:238906005]
"Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3939]
"Riley-Smith syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:21984008]
"Ruvalcaba-Myhre syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:46011003]
"Ruvalcaba-Myhre syndrome [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:277916005]
"Ruvalcaba-Myhre syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234137000]
Macrocephaly with Multiple Lipomas and hemangiomas
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Macrocephaly_with_Multiple_Lipomas_and_hemangiomas
"Werner syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:51626007]
"Werner's syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:259.8]
"Werner's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190592007]
"adult premature ageing syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190590004]
"adult progeria" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-9804]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Werner_syndrome
"Atrophy of optic disc (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:95774001]
"Unspecified optic atrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:194042009]
"optic atrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:76976005]
"optic atrophy NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:194046007]
"optic atrophy" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6601]
"optic atrophy" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:377.1]
"optic atrophy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155188004]
"optic atrophy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267742001]
"optic atrophy, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:377.10]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#optic_atrophy
"DISORDER OF THE peripheral nervous system" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:350-359.99]
"Non-neoplastic peripheral nervous system disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27587]
"PN - peripheral neuropathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:264554005]
"disorder of the peripheral nervous system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:42658009]
"peripheral Neuropathy" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"peripheral nerve disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:302226006]
"peripheral nerve disease" EXACT [MTH:516]
"peripheral nerve disease" EXACT [MTH:575]
"peripheral nervous system disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27580]
"peripheral nervous system disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193088006]
"peripheral nervous system disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193264002]
"peripheral nervous system disorder NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155100008]
"peripheral nervous system disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6505]
"peripheral nervous system disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155064004]
"peripheral neuropathy" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6617]
"peripheral neuropathy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4731]
"peripheral neuropathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155080009]
"peripheral neuropathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267706009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#peripheral_nervous_system_disease
"pulmonary valve disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:76267008]
"pulmonary valve disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:195001000]
"pulmonary valve disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:424.3]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pulmonary_valve_disease
"Adenosine Deaminase deficiency" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3962]
"Adenosine deaminase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:44940001]
"Adenosine deaminase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190999009]
"Adenosine-deaminase deficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190738006]
"adenosine deaminase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1560-6660]
"deficiency of adenosine deaminase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124523006]
"A severe combined immunodeficiency that is caused by a defective enzyme, adenosine deaminase (ADA), necessary for the breakdown of purines. Lack of ADA causes accumulation of dATP." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_combined_immunodeficiency]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adenosine_deaminase_deficiency
"X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4682]
"X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:203592006]
"X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234569003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#thymic_epithelial_hypoplasia
"Hemolytic anemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:61261009]
"Hemolytic anemias (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191416001]
"Hemolytic anemias NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191231008]
"hemolytic anemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-1005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemolytic_anemia
"neoplasm of retroperitoneum" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:359767009]
"neoplasm of the retroperitoneum" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126872008]
"neoplasm of the retroperitoneum" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:359770008]
"retroperitoneal neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2005-3788]
"retroperitoneal neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3357]
"tumor of retroperitoneum (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254617008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#retroperitoneal_neoplasm
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_cystic_kidney_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_hemolytic_anemia
"PCK - Polycystic kidney disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:82525005]
"Polycystic kidney disease NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268233005]
"Polycystic kidney disease NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204956007]
"Polycystic kidney disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204955006]
"Polycystic kidney" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156973002]
"Polycystic kidney" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204954005]
"Polycystic kidney" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268332003]
"Polycystic kidney, unspecified type" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:753.12]
"polycystic kidney" EXACT [CSP2005:0725-1693]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#polycystic_kidney_disease
"Autosomal Recessive Polycystic kidney disease" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Polycystic kidney disease, infantile type (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28770003]
"Polycystic kidney, autosomal recessive" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:753.14]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#autosomal_recessive_polycystic_kidney
"Polycystic kidney disease, adult type (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28728008]
"Polycystic kidney, autosomal dominant" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:753.13]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#autosomal_dominant_polycystic_kidney
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#skin_abnormality
"Immunodeficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:64431000]
"Immunodeficiency disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234532001]
"Immunodeficiency" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C39725]
"Unspecified immunity deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191005003]
"Unspecified immunity deficiency" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:279.3]
"hypoimmunity" EXACT [CSP2005:1553-9570]
"immune deficiency disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1560-5885]
"immunodeficiency syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3131]
"An immune system disease that results when one or more essential parts of the immune system is missing or not working properly at birth due to a genetic mutation." [url:http\://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/primary_immuno.cfm#PrimaryImmunoDiseases]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#primary_immunodeficiency_disease
"Leukopenia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:84828003]
"A leukocyte disorder that is a decrease in the number of white blood cells (leukocytes) found in the blood, which places individuals at increased risk of infection." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukopenia]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#leukopenia
"Duncan's syndrome" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:77121009]
"Lymphoproliferative disease NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:238.7]
"Lymphoproliferative disease, no ICD-O subtype (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:84631004]
"Lymphoproliferative disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:277466009]
"Lymphoproliferative disorder (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:414629003]
"Lymphoproliferative disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C9308]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lymphoproliferative_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#aortic_valve_disease
"blood protein disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0449-0541]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#blood_protein_disorder
"Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:31323000]
"Severe combined immunodeficiency" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190994004]
"combined T and B cell inborn immunodeficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1560-6660]
"A combined T cell and B cell immunodeficiency that is caused by a defect in several genes encoding for B and T lymphocytes resulting in individuals with non-functional immune systems." [url:http\://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/severe%20combined%20immunodeficiency, url:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gnd&part=severecombinedimmunodeficiency, url:http\://www.scid.net/]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#severe_combined_immunodeficiency
"Combined immunity deficiency NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191003005]
"Congenital Combined Immunodeficiency" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27871]
combined T cell and B cell immunodeficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#combined_T_cell_and_B_cell_immunodeficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_disorder_of_natural_immunity
"Hereditary disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:32895009]
"Hereditary disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:264530000]
"Molecular disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3101]
"hereditary disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1254-7727]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_disease
"Metabolic encephalopathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:50122000]
"Metabolic encephalopathy" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:348.31]
"Metabolic encephalopathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:276258006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#metabolic_brain_disease
demyelinating disease of central nervous system
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#demyelinating_disease_of_central_nervous_system
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#CNS_demyelinating_autoimmune_disease
"Tetralogy of Fallot (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:86299006]
"Tetralogy of Fallot NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204307003]
"Tetralogy of Fallot, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268177006]
"Tetralogy of Fallot, unspecified" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204305006]
"Ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis or atresia, dextraposition of aorta, and hypertrophy of right ventricle" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:745.2]
"tetralogy of Fallot" EXACT [CSP2005:0724-9541]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tetralogy_of_Fallot
"Pulmonic stenosis NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:424.3]
"Pulmonic valve stenosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:56786000]
"pulmonary stenosis NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266300007]
"pulmonary stenosis, cause unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:194999004]
"pulmonary valve stenosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1393-3827]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pulmonary_valve_stenosis
"Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190958003]
"Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34792]
"Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234437005]
"Hemophagocytic syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127069007]
"Hemophagocytic syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35439]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hemophagocytic_lymphohistiocytosis
"Lhermitte-Duclos disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:67944007]
"dysplastic Gangliocytoma of Cerebellum" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C8419]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lhermitte-Duclos_disease
"Dermatitis due to Unspecified Substance taken Internally" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35224]
"Dermatitis due to substances taken internally (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:13582007]
"Dermatitis due to substances taken internally" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:693]
"Dermatitis due to unspecified substance taken internally (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:201367002]
"Dermatitis due to unspecified substance taken internally" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#skin_and_subcutaneous_tissue_disease
"Prion disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:20484008]
"Prion disease pathway" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C38853]
"Prion protein disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193172009]
"Spongiform Encephalopathy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27585]
"Spongiform encephalopathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230284004]
"prion induced disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-5006]
"prion induced disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-5040]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#prion_disease
"Connective tissue dis." EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268048008]
"Connective tissue disease" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Connective tissue disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:201432001]
"Connective tissue disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26729]
"Other musculoskelet/connectiv" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268126004]
"connective tissue disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0729-7208]
"disorder of connective tissue (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:105969002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#connective_tissue_disease
"Congenital malformation and deformation of the musculoskeletal system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:73573004]
"Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205947008]
"Congenital musculoskeletal anomalies NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268281003]
"Congenital musculoskeletal anomalies NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156998001]
"Congenital musculoskeletal anomalies NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205535007]
"Congenital musculoskeletal deformities" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205033007]
"Congenital musculoskeletal deformity NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:205117007]
"Skeletal anomaly-congen" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268336000]
"congenital musculoskeletal anomaly" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_musculoskeletal_abnormality
inborn errors purine-pyrimidine metabolism
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_purine-pyrimidine_metabolism
"Plasma cell disorder (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:277576009]
"Plasma cell dyscrasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:71390001]
"Plasma cell neoplasm (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:415111003]
"Plasma cell neoplasm (morphology)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:127580003]
"Plasma cell tumour" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:274907000]
"Plasmacytic tumor" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4665]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#plasma_cell_neoplasm
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#overnutrition
"Inborn Errors of Metabolism" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34816]
"Inborn error of metabolism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:86095007]
"Metabolic hereditary disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363205007]
"inborn metabolism disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-0057]
"A simple genetic disease that comprises a large class of genetic diseases involving disorders of metabolism." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inborn_errors_of_metabolism]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_of_metabolism
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#muscle_tissue_disease
"Angiokeratoma of skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254788004]
"Cutaneous Angiokeratoma" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4488]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#angiokeratoma_of_skin
"Muscular calcification, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:57879007]
"Muscular ossification (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:44551007]
"Myisitis ossificans" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:728.12]
"Ossification - muscle" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156720008]
"Ossification - muscle" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:203030008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#myositis_ossificans
"Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:41283003]
"Cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3817]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#COFS_syndrome
"antepartum cerebrovascular disorder" EXACT []
"postpartum cerebrovascular disorder" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cerebrovascular_disease
"(Palatoschisis) or (unspecified cleft palate)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204593009]
"Palatoschisis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:253986002]
"Uranostaphyloschisis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:63567004]
"cleft palate (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:87979003]
"cleft palate NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204605001]
"cleft palate" EXACT [CSP2005:0725-9049]
"cleft palate" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:749.0]
"cleft palate, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268196005]
"cleft palate, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:749.00]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cleft_palate
"basal ganglia disease" EXACT [CSP2005:2057-3403]
"disorder of basal ganglia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:70835005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#basal_ganglia_disease
"A dimentia that results_from the pathological aggregation of tau protein in so-called neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in the human brain." [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauopathy]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tauopathy
"embryo neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2000-3997]
"embryonal neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3264]
"A germ cell cancer that is associated with an embryo." [url:http\://www.cancer.gov/dictionary/?CdrID=44250]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#embryonal_cancer
"mitochondrial cytopathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:240096000]
"mitochondrial myopathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:16851005]
"mitochondrial myopathy" EXACT [CSP2005:5000-0048]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mitochondrial_myopathy
"acellular anatomical structure disease" EXACT []
"disease of anatomical structure" EXACT []
"disease of material anatomical entity" EXACT []
"disease of physical anatomical entity" EXACT []
"disease of set of heterogenous clusters" EXACT []
"A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." [DO:wk\,ls, URL:http\://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disease_of_anatomical_entity
"Dentin dysplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:109492001]
"Dentinal dysplasia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:520.5]
"Dentinal dysplasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:45742009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#dentin_dysplasia
"Hereditary optic Atrophy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34864]
"Hereditary optic atrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:26360005]
"Hereditary optic atrophy NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267656009]
"Hereditary optic atrophy NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:194045006]
"Hereditary optic atrophy" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:377.16]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hereditary_optic_atrophy
"Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy" EXACT [CSP2005:2042-6601]
"Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy" EXACT [CSP2005:5000-0048]
"Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:230510002]
"Leber's optic atrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:58610003]
"Leber's optic atrophy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:194045006]
"optic atrophy, Leber's" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:377.16]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#leber_hereditary_optic_atrophy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mature_B-cell_lymphocytic_neoplasm
"B-cell neoplasm (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:413616009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#B-cell_lymphocytic_neoplasm
"Normocytic anemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:300980002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#normocytic_anemia
"neoplasm of urinary system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:126879004]
"tumor of the urinary system" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3431]
"tumor of urinary tract (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:254913005]
"urinary tract neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:2021-0179]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Urologic_neoplasm
"Blood disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267552000]
"Blood disease NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267573000]
"Blood disease NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154842002]
"Blood disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154785002]
"Blood dyscrasia NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191402006]
"Blood dyscrasia NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:289.9]
"Blood/blood forming organ NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191446003]
"DISEASE OF THE BLOOD AND BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:280-289.99]
"Hematological disease" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Unspecified disease of blood and blood-forming organs" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:289.9]
"blood disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-3600]
"disease of blood and/or blood-forming organ (navigational concept)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191124002]
"disease of hematopoietic system" EXACT []
"disorder of hematopoietic system (navigational concept)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:34093004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hematopoietic_system_disease
"Microcephaly, normal intelligence and immunodeficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234638009]
"Nijmegen Breakage syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4692]
"Seemanova syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:5005-0018]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Seemanova_syndrome_II
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Muscle_calcification_and_ossification
"Lymphangiopathy, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:3305006]
"Lymphatic disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155452000]
"Lymphatic disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266326002]
"Lymphatic disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3206]
"disorder of lymph node and lymphatics (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:234087005]
"disorder of lymphatic system" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:362971004]
"disorder of lymphoid system" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:111590001]
"lymphatic disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-7757]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lymphatic_system_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#congenital_disorder
"Amyotrophia NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:203036002]
"Amyotrophia NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:728.2]
"Muscle atrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:88092000]
"Muscle wasting" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:249827008]
"Muscular atrophy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155014006]
"Muscular atrophy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267693003]
"Wasting - muscle" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156721007]
"Wasting - muscle" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268104000]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#muscular_atrophy
"RB - Retinoblastoma" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:134191003]
"Retinoblastoma (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:370967009]
"Retinoblastoma (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:19906005]
"Retinoblastoma NOS (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189935007]
"Retinoblastomas (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189934006]
"neuroblastoma of Retina" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C6956]
"retinoblastoma" EXACT [CSP2005:2018-3452]
"A retinal cell cancer and malignant neoplasm of retina and neuroblastoma and neuroendocrine tumors that derives_from the tissues of the retina." [url:http\://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/retinoblastoma]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#retinoblastoma
"GIT disorder NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155806004]
"GIT disorder NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266534007]
"Gastroenteropathy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:25374005]
"Non-neoplastic gastrointestinal disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27550]
"disease of digestive tract (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:84410009]
"disorder of gastrointestinal tract (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:119292006]
"gastrointestinal disease and Manifestations" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C2990]
"gastrointestinal disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:1248-3545]
"gastrointestinal tract disorder NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:286978000]
"gastrointestinal tract disorder NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:155799006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#gastrointestinal_system_disease
"malignant Retinal neoplasm" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3216]
"malignant tumor of retina (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363465007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_neoplasm_of_retina
"A blastoma and retinal neoplasm that derives_from the retina." [url:http\://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/medical/retinal_cancer.htm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#retinal_cell_cancer
"adenocarcinoma in adenomatous polyposis Coli" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C4134]
"adenocarcinoma in adenomatous polyposis coli (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:57513006]
adenocarcinoma in adenomatous polyposis coli
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adenocarcinoma_in_adenomatous_polyposis_coli
"Digestive system neoplasm" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"digestive neoplasm" EXACT [CSP2005:4000-0164]
"neoplasm of digestive system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128348002]
"neoplasm of digestive tract" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:128415001]
"neoplasm of unspecified nature of digestive system (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:189527000]
"neoplasm of unspecified nature of digestive system" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:239.0]
"A cancer by anatomical entitiy that is manifested in any part of the digestive system." [url:http\://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/d/digestive_system_cancer/intro.htm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#digestive_system_cancer
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vitamin_B_deficiency
"Avitaminosis, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:85670002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#avitaminosis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vitamin_deficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malnutrition
"degeneration of retina (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:95695004]
"retina degeneration" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-9354]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#retinal_degeneration
"Arthritis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:3723001]
"Arthritis (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:372091005]
"Inflammation of joint NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:716.9]
"Inflammatory disorder of joint" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:363178003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#arthritis
"Amebic lung abscess (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:65095005]
"Amebic lung abscess" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:006.4]
"Non-neoplastic pulmonary disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27557]
"abscess of lung (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:73452002]
"abscess of lung NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:196113000]
"abscess of lung" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:513.0]
"A lower respiratory tract disease in which the function of the lungs is adversely affected by narrowing or blockage of the airways resulting in poor air flow, a loss of elasticity in the lungs that produces a decrease in the total volume of air that the lungs are able to hold, and clotting, scarring, or inflammation of the blood vessels that affect the ability of the lungs to take up oxygen and to release carbon dioxide." [url:http\://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/conditions/lung-disease/index.cfm, url:http\://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000066.htm]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lung_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hereditary_retinal_dystrophy
"Retinal Dystrophy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35625]
"Retinal dystrophy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:314407005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#retinal_dystrophy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#encephalopathy
"Collagen disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:81573002]
"Collagen disease NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:201454004]
"Collagen disease NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:710.9]
"Collagen disease NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:156458006]
"Collagen disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:201434000]
"Collagen disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:268048008]
"collagen disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:0729-7550]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#collagen_disease
"Biotinidase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:8808004]
"deficiency of biotinidase (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124513002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#biotinidase_deficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#multiple_carboxylase_deficiency
"Disturbance of branched chain amino acid metabolism NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190705002]
"Disturbances of branched-chain amino-acid metabolism" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:270.3]
"disorder of branched-chain amino acid metabolism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:116020001]
"inborn branched chain aminoaciduria" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1063]
disturbance of metabolism of leucine, isoleucine and valine
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disturbance_of_metabolism_of_leucine,_isoleucine_and_valine
"Biotin-(propionyl-CoA-carboxylase) ligase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:15307001]
"Holocarboxylase synthase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360369003]
"Holocarboxylase synthase deficiency [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237956003]
"Multiple carboxylase deficiency - neonatal onset (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360367001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#holocarboxylase_synthetase_deficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nervous_system_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#organic_psychosis
"Neuropathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:264554005]
"Neuropathy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:386033004]
"Neuropathy, NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:42658009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neuropathy
"Neurofibromatosis 1" EXACT [MTH:U003314]
"Neurofibromatosis, type 1 (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:92824003]
"Neurofibromatosis, type 1" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:237.71]
"Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis" EXACT [CSP2005:2012-7338]
"Von Recklinghausen's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:81669005]
"peripheral Neurofibromatosis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3273]
"von Recklinghausen's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:237.7]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neurofibromatosis_type_1
"Neurofibromatosis (morphologic abnormality)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:81669005]
"Neurofibromatosis syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:19133005]
"Neurofibromatosis" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:237.7]
"Neurofibromatosis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C6727]
"Neurofibromatosis" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154642000]
"neurofibromatosis" EXACT [CSP2005:2012-7338]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neurofibromatosis
"Lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:188487008]
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving intra-abdominal lymph nodes" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving intrapelvic lymph nodes" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving intrathoracic lymph nodes" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of axilla and upper limb" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of head, face and neck" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:200.81]
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of head, face, and neck" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of inguinal region and lower limb" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving lymph nodes of multiple sites" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma involving spleen" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma" EXACT []
"Other named variants of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma, unspecified site" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lymphosarcoma_and_reticulosarcoma
"Connective and soft tissue disease" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C27574]
"Connective and soft tissue disorder" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"disease of deep fascial system" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#soft_tissue_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_metabolic_brain_disease
"mitochondrial encephalomyopathy" EXACT [CSP2005:5000-0048]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#mitochondrial_encephalomyopathy
"progressive Myoclonus epilepsy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C7636]
"progressive myoclonic epilepsy (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:89480000]
"progressive myoclonic epilepsy (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267581004]
"progressive myoclonic epilepsy" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:333.2]
"progressive myoclonic epilepsy" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192844008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#progressive_myoclonic_epilepsy
"Cerebral pseudosclerosis (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:192640001]
"Westphal pseudosclerosis" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-4349]
"Westphal-Strumpell syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190823004]
"Wilson's disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:88518009]
"Wilson's disease * (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191710006]
"Wilson's disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:275.1]
"Wilson's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154751003]
"Wilson's disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267504005]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hepatolenticular_degeneration
nervous system heredodegenerative disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nervous_system_heredodegenerative_disease
"Copper disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154751003]
"Copper disorder" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267504005]
"disorder of copper metabolism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:79886009]
"disorder of copper metabolism NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190854000]
"disorder of copper metabolism" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:275.1]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#disorder_of_copper_metabolism
"ANEMIA SIDEROBLASTIC" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Anemia, hypochromic with iron loading" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:285.0]
"Sideroblastic Anemia" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C36078]
"Sideroblastic anaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154810008]
"Sideroblastic anemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:41841004]
"Sideroblastic anemia NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:191263002]
"sideroblastic anemia" EXACT [CSP2005:0427-3427]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sideroblastic_anemia
"inborn metal metabolism disorder" EXACT [CSP2005:4000-0215]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_metal_metabolism
"Zellweger syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:88469006]
"Zellweger syndrome" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:277.86]
"congenital iron overload" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1804]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Zellweger_syndrome
"peroxisomal disorder" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:277.86]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#peroxisomal_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#atrophic_muscular_disorder
"Acoustic neurofibromatosis" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:237.72]
"Neurofibromatosis 2" EXACT [MTH:NOCODE]
"Neurofibromatosis, type 2 (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:92503002]
"central Neurofibromatosis" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3274]
"neurofibromatosis type 2 [acoustic neurofibromatosis]" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#neurofibromatosis_type_2
"Wiskott syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-0285]
"Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:36070007]
"Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3448]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Wiskott-Aldrich_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#pregnancy_complication
"Alagille syndrome" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35139]
"Alagille-Watson syndrome" EXACT [CSP2005:5005-0002]
"Arteriohepatic dysplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:31742004]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Alagille_syndrome
"Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:32985001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Greig_cephalopolysyndactyly_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_errors_of_amino_acid_metabolism
"Cerebellar hypoplasia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204055008]
"Congenital cerebellar hypoplasia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:16026008]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Congenital_cerebellar_hypoplasia
"Homocystinuria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:11282001]
"Homocystinuria [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190709008]
"cystathionine synthase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-0835]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#homocystinuria
"Disturbance of sulfur-bearing amino acid metabolism NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267421004]
"Disturbance of sulphur-bearing amino-acid metabolism NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190712006]
"Disturbances of sulphur-bearing amino-acid metabolism" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:270.4]
"Sulphuraminoacidaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:28882002]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#sulfuraminoacidemia
"Cystinuria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:85020001]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cystinuria
"disorder of metabolism of ornithine, citrulline, argininosuccinic acid, arginine and ammonia" EXACT []
"disorder of the urea cycle metabolism (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:36444000]
"disorder of urea cycle metabolism" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:270.6]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#inborn_urea_cycle_disorder
"Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:237939006]
"nonketotic hyperglycinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-0664]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#nonketotic_hyperglycinemia
"Ketoacidaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:27718001]
"Maple syrup urine disease" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:270.3]
"branched chain ketoaciduria" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1063]
"Maple syrup urine disease is a hereditary aminoaciduria caused by a deficiency of decarboxylase leading to high concentrations of valine, leucine, isoleucine, and alloisoleucine in the blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid and characterized by an odor of maple syrup to the urine, vomiting, hypertonicity, severe mental retardation, seizures, and eventually death unless the condition is treated with dietary measures." [URL:http\://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=maple%20syrup%20urine%20disease]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#maple_syrup_urine_disease
"Alcaptonuria (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:367388008]
"Alkaptonuria (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:24250001]
"Alkaptonuria (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360381004]
"Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase deficiency [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267418001]
"deficiency of homogentisicase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124207005]
"deficiency of homogentisicase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:360378009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#alkaptonuria
"deficiency of citrulline phosphorylase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124249000]
"deficiency of citrulline phosphorylase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:80908008]
"ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-9662]
ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#ornithine_carbamoyltransferase_deficiency
"ASS deficiency" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-9492]
"Citrullinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:15489004]
"Citrullinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:398680004]
"Citrullinuria (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:398630005]
"deficiency of citrulline-aspartate ligase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124711003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#citrullinemia
"hyperlysinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:58558003]
"hyperlysinemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-0342]
"hyperlysinemia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:270.7]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hyperlysinemia
"Tyrosinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190694001]
"hypertyrosinemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:56595005]
"hypertyrosinemia" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:270.2]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#tyrosinemia
"Arginase deficiency (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:23501004]
"deficiency of canavanase" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:124518006]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hyperargininemia
carbamoyl-phosphate synthase I deficiency disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#carbamoyl-phosphate_synthase_I_deficiency_disease
"Phenylketonuria [PKU]" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:270.1]
"Phenylketonuria" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154735006]
"Phenylketonuria" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190687004]
"phenylalaninemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-1177]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#phenylketonuria
"Complete unilateral cleft lip (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:62696001]
"Labium leporinum" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:749.1]
"cleft lip (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:80281008]
"cleft lip NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204609007]
"cleft lip, unilateral, complete" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:749.11]
"cleft lip, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204606000]
"cleft lip, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:749.10]
"complete unilateral cleft lip" EXACT []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cleft_lip
"Lip disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C26818]
"disease of lips NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:196563002]
"disease of lips" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:528.5]
"disorder of lip (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:90678009]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lip_disease
"Viral Infection" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C3439]
"Viral disease (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:34014006]
"Viral disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154319002]
"Viral disease" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266188005]
"Viral infection NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:266116004]
"Viral infection NOS" EXACT [MTHICD9_2006:079.99]
"Viral infection NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154372003]
"Viral infection, unspecified (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:187471008]
"Viral: [infection NOS] or [illness]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:186754003]
"virus infection" EXACT [CSP2005:3099-7852]
"virus infection" EXACT [CSP2005:3099-8150]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#viral_infectious_disease
"Complete unilateral cleft palate with cleft lip (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:50484006]
"Unilateral complete cleft palate with cleft lip (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204612005]
"Unilateral complete cleft palate with cleft lip" EXACT []
"Unilateral incomplete cleft palate with cleft lip (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:204613000]
"Unilateral incomplete cleft palate with cleft lip" EXACT []
"cleft palate with cleft lip, unilateral, complete" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:749.21]
"cleft palate with cleft lip, unilateral, incomplete" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:749.22]
"incomplete unilateral cleft palate with cleft lip (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:18474007]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#cheilopalatoschisis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#brain_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#DNA_virus_infectious_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#lipid_disorder
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#leukocyte_disease
multiple myeloma and immunoproliferative neoplasm
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#multiple_myeloma_and_immunoproliferative_neoplasm
"skin vascular disorder" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C35254]
"vascular disease of the skin (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:11263005]
"vascular disorder of skin NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267820009]
"vascular disorder of skin NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:201306008]
"vascular disorder of skin" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:709.1]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#vascular_skin_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adrenal_gland_hypofunction
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#adrenal_gland_disease
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#biliary_tract_disease
hematological disorder of fetus and newborn
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hematological_disorder_of_fetus_and_newborn
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hereditary_choroidal_atrophy
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#degenerative_disorder_of_eye
"Choroidal degeneration (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:406446000]
"Choroidal degeneration (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:47638000]
"Choroidal degeneration, unspecified" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:363.40]
"Choroidal degenerations NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193464000]
"Choroidal degenerations" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:363.4]
"Choroidal sclerosis (finding)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:247199007]
"Sclerosis of choroid NOS" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:193461008]
"Unspecified choroidal degeneration (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267617003]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#choroidal_sclerosis
"Choroideremia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:75241009]
"choroideremia" EXACT [CSP2005:1114-9583]
"progressive Choroidal Atrophy" EXACT [NCI2004_11_17:C34469]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#choroideremia
"Galactosaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:154738008]
"Galactosaemia" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:267498002]
"Galactose intolerance" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190749000]
"Galactosemia (disorder) [Ambiguous]" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:38177000]
"Galactosemia (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190745006]
"Galactosemia NOS (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:190747003]
"Galactosemia" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:271.1]
"galactosemia" EXACT [CSP2005:1849-3608]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#galactosemia
"Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (disorder)" EXACT [SNOMEDCT_2005_07_31:62067003]
"Hypoplastic left heart syndrome" EXACT [ICD9CM_2006:746.7]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#hypoplastic_left_heart_syndrome
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#malignant_eye_neoplasm
A spatial region having environmental qualities which may sustain an organism or a community of organisms.
habitat
relation between an artery and the structure is supplies with blood.
The production by an organism of new individuals that contain some portion of their genetic material inherited from that organism.
A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through M phase, the part of the cell cycle comprising nuclear division.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.
Note that this term does not have a 'developmental process' parent because ossification isn't necessarily developmental, can also occur as part of bone remodeling. Instead use 'ossification involved in bone maturation ; GO:0043931'.
Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels.
blood vessel formation from pre-existing blood vessels
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.
The regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion.
The process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. Examples in animals would include blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and other endothelial or epithelial tubes.
A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.
The morphogenesis of an embryonic epithelium into a tube-shaped structure.
The formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The vasculature is an interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure that contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism.
Direct ossification that occurs within mesenchyme or an accumulation of relatively unspecialized cells.
An instance of intramembranous ossification may also be classified as metaplastic; the former classifies based on tissue type location, and the latter based on mechanism/cell division.
The process in which hormones modulate the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system. A hormone is one of a group of substances formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which they have a specific regulatory action.
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone
The regulation of blood pressure mediated by the signaling molecule vasopressin. Vasopressin is produced in the hypothalamus, and affects vasoconstriction, and renal water transport.
blood pressure regulation by vasopressin
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by vasopressin
The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube.
Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The larva is the early, immature form of an that at birth or hatching is fundamentally unlike its parent and must metamorphose before assuming the adult characters.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the instar larva or pupa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
An immune response taking place in an organ or tissues such as the liver, brain, mucosa, or nervous system tissues.
organ or tissue specific immune response
Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats.
Note that this term is a direct child of 'biological_process ; GO:0008150' because some immune system processes are types of cellular process (GO:0009987), whereas others are types of multicellular organism process (GO:0032501). This term was added by GO_REF:0000022.
An immune response taking place in the liver.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system whose objective is to provide calibrated responses by an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat, over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process.
The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a leukocyte. A leukocyte is an achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue.
The controlled release of a peptide from a cell or group of cells.
The cellular process that creates a physical entity or change in state, i.e. a signal, that originates in one cell and is used to transfer information to another cell. This process begins with the initial formation of the signal and ends with the mature form and placement of the signal.
generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signalling
generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling
A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective.
A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers.
A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism.
A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the renal system. The renal system is responsible for fluid volume regulation and detoxification in an organism.
A circulatory system process carried out by the heart. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
The regulation of blood pressure mediated by biochemical signaling: hormonal, autocrine or paracrine.
blood pressure regulation mediated by a chemical signal
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure mediated by a chemical signal
The process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure.
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure
Renal process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water in the body.
The process in which plasma is filtered through the glomerular membrane which consists of capillary endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and epithelial cells. The glomerular filtrate is the same as plasma except it has no significant amount of protein.
The directed movement of water (H2O) by the kidney.
The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together.
Note that, in addition to forming the root of the cellular component ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose cellular component is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the cellular component of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this.
The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
Note that this term is intended to annotate gene products that are not attached to the cell surface. For gene products from multicellular organisms which are secreted from a cell but retained within the organism (i.e. released into the interstitial fluid or blood), consider the cellular component term 'extracellular space ; GO:0005615'.
A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus.
Any of the various assemblies in which collagen chains form a left-handed triple helix; may assemble into higher order structures.
The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.
A cell junction that forms a connection between two cells; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells.
cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.
cellular amino acid derivative metabolic process
cellular amino acid derivative metabolism
cellular modified amino acid metabolic process
The formation of either of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, mainly thyroxine and triiodothyronine. This is achieved by the iodination and joining of tyrosine molecules to form the precursor thyroglobin, proteolysis of this precursor gives rise to the thyroid hormones.
Note that this term does not fall under the general GO definition for biosynthetic processes, which is 'The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of... ', because thyroid hormones can only be formed by the proteolysis of a larger molecule (see term definition). The word 'generation' is therefore used in place of biosynthesis.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells.
cellular aromatic compound metabolic process
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium.
Note that amino acid and derivative metabolism should not be annotated here. Instead use the 'amino acid and derivative metabolism' node.
The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of water (H2O) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed, self-propelled movement of a cellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore.
Note that in GO cellular components include whole cells (cell is_a cellular component).
A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis.
A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length.
A process in which force is generated within striated muscle tissue, resulting in the shortening of the muscle. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Striated muscle is a type of muscle in which the repeating units (sarcomeres) of the contractile myofibrils are arranged in registry throughout the cell, resulting in transverse or oblique striations observable at the level of the light microscope.
Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat.
This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was redefined and moved.
The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division.
A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the nuclear division phase of a meiotic cell cycle. A meiotic cell cycle is the specialized nuclear and cell division in which a single diploid cell undergoes two nuclear divisions following a single round of DNA replication in order to produce four daughter cells that contain half the number of chromosomes as the diploid cell. Meiotic division occurs during the formation of gametes from diploid organisms and at the beginning of haplophase in those organisms that alternate between diploid and haploid generations.
Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.
Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another.
The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
Note that this term was 'developmental process'.
The generation and maintenance of gametes in a multicellular organism. A gamete is a haploid reproductive cell.
The process of formation of spermatozoa, including spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis.
The introduction of semen or sperm into the genital tract of a female.
A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
The process of gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms.
The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.
The elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity. These products include water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogenous compounds.
The controlled release of a fluid by a cell or group of cells in an animal.
The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.
The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image.
The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound.
The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory chemical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.
The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process.
The specific actions or reactions of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Patterned activity of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions.
Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Annotations to this term will be removed during annotation QC.
The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time.
The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).
The pairwise union of individuals for the purpose of sexual reproduction, ultimately resulting in the formation of zygotes.
The act of sexual union between male and female, involving the transfer of sperm.
The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. Heart contraction is the process in which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body.
Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.
Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this.
The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation.
metabolic process resulting in cell growth
Note that metabolic processes do not include single functions or processes such as protein-protein interactions, protein-nucleic acids, nor receptor-ligand interactions.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. Mineralocorticoids act primarily on water and electrolyte balance.
Any process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure.
The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
This term was moved out from being a child of 'cellular process' because it is a cell population-level process, and cellular processes are restricted to those processes that involve individual cells.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation.
response to electromagnetic radiation stimulus
Note that 'radiation' refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light.
The series of events in which an external stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which an (non-living) abiotic stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a light stimulus (in the form of photons) is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm.
The series of events in which a chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus.
The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo over time, from zygote formation until the end of the embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic life stage is organism-specific and may be somewhat arbitrary; for mammals it is usually considered to be birth, for insects the hatching of the first instar larva from the eggshell.
embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
The directed movement of hormones into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.
The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.
regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation
The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Some protein processing events may be included when they are required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.
Any process that modulates the levels of hormone within an organism or a tissue. A hormone is any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action.
A process in which force is generated within phasic smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. In the phasic smooth muscle, the muscle contraction occurs without an ordered sarcomeric structure. Phasic smooth muscle contraction occurs in a series of discrete contractions and relaxations.
The directed movement of peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
membrane
The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present.
non-developmental growth of a unicellular organism
The process in which the anatomical structures of embryonic epithelia are generated and organized.
The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism or multicellular structure.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
Note that phenol metabolism is not included as a child of 'xenobiotic metabolism' because although it is synthesized industrially, phenol is also found naturally in animal wastes and other organic materials. It is often formed by the activity of microorganisms, which can chemically modify a variety of xenobiotic and naturally occurring phenolic compounds.
phenol-containing compound metabolic process
The series of events by which an organism senses the position, location, orientation, and movement of the body and its parts. Proprioception is mediated by proprioceptors, sensory nerve terminals found in muscles, tendons, and joint capsules, which give information concerning movements and position of the body. The receptors in the labyrinth are sometimes also considered proprioceptors.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-).
The regular alternation, in the life cycle of haplontic, diplontic and diplohaplontic organisms, of meiosis and fertilization which provides for the production offspring. In diplontic organisms there is a life cycle in which the products of meiosis behave directly as gametes, fusing to form a zygote from which the diploid, or sexually reproductive polyploid, adult organism will develop. In diplohaplontic organisms a haploid phase (gametophyte) exists in the life cycle between meiosis and fertilization (e.g. higher plants, many algae and Fungi); the products of meiosis are spores that develop as haploid individuals from which haploid gametes develop to form a diploid zygote; diplohaplontic organisms show an alternation of haploid and diploid generations. In haplontic organisms meiosis occurs in the zygote, giving rise to four haploid cells (e.g. many algae and protozoa), only the zygote is diploid and this may form a resistant spore, tiding organisms over hard times.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium.
A cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events.
A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through one of the biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events.
A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents.
A physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process.
The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered.
Note that a signal is any variable property or parameter that serves to convey information, and may be a physical entity such as a gene product or small molecule, a photon, or a change in state such as movement or voltage change.
The process in which a signal is secreted or discharged into the extracellular medium from a cellular source.
A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
The regulated release of a peptide hormone from a cell or organ.
The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules (B granules) in the B cells of the pancreas; accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates.
The process in which a relatively unspecialized precursor cell acquires specialized features of a lymphocyte. A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin.
Note that immunologists typically use the word 'development' to refer to cells of B or T cell lineages undergoing the process that GO describes as 'cell differentiation'.
The regulated release of vasopressin from secretory granules into the blood.
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water within an organism or cell.
The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
The process in which a precursor cell type acquires characteristics of a more mature T-cell. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose definin characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. Note that the term 'thymocyte differentiation' was merged into this term because thymocytes are T cells, and thus the term was essentially redundant. Note that immunologists typically use the word 'development' to refer to cells of B or T cell lineages undergoing the process that GO describes as 'cell differentiation'.
axon
dendrite
A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as the intestine, impelling the contents onwards.
A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals and bacteria) or be part of the cell (as in plants).
Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function.
A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition.
The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two multicellular organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.
The controlled release of a substance by a cell.
The controlled release of a substance by a tissue.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone, as carried out by individual cells.
Creation of the central hole of a tube in an anatomical structure through which gases and/or liquids flow.
lumen formation in an anatomical structure
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pupa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pupa is a dormant life stage interposed between the larval and the adult stages in insects that undergo a complete metamorphosis.
The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tube over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues including lung and trachea, kidney, the mammary gland, the vascular system and the gastrointestinal and urinary-genital tracts.
The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance, that does not require the replacement of preexisting tissues.
The regulated release of calcitonin, a peptide hormone that participates in calcium and phosphorus metabolism.
The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell.
See also the biological process term 'cell growth ; GO:0016049'.
Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another.
The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg.
The directed movement of substances that are in liquid form in normal living conditions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, largely thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.
Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state.
The expulsion of seminal fluid, thick white fluid containing spermatozoa, from the male genital tract.
presynaptic membrane
The directed movement of an amide, any compound containing one, two, or three acyl groups attached to a nitrogen atom, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
cell projection
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
neuron projection
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation through a stage including a notochord and neural tube until birth or egg hatching.
The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
Note that 'cell body' and 'cell soma' are not used in the literature for cells that lack projections, nor for some cells (e.g. yeast with mating projections) that do have projections.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any oxoacid; an oxoacid is a compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process of gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment.
regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a digestive system process, a physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule.
Small molecules in GO include monosaccharides but exclude disaccharides and polysaccharides.
The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections.
Any constituent part of the extracellular matrix, the structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals) or be part of the cell (as often seen in plants).
Any constituent part of the extracellular region, the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers constituent parts of the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
synapse part
Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.
cell part
A biological process that involves only one organism.
A signaling process occurring within a single organism.
A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving a single organism.
A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism.
A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species.
A biological process occurring within a single, multicellular organism.
The specific actions or reactions of a single organism in response to external or internal stimuli.
A metabolic process - chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances - which involves a single organism.
Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism.
synapse
postsynaptic membrane
A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.
A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.
The controlled release of acid by a cell or group of cells.
The regulated release of hormones, substances with a specific regulatory effect on a particular organ or group of cells.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell or group of cells.
The controlled release of a substance by a cell, a group of cells, or a tissue.
Generation of the male gamete; specialised haploid cells produced by meiosis and along with a female gamete takes part in sexual reproduction.
Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.
The process in which the anatomical structures of blood vessels are generated and organized. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule.
negative regulation of physiological process
negative regulation of biological process
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of any organ involved in hematopoiesis (also known as hemopoiesis) or lymphoid cell activation over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Such development includes differentiation of resident cell types (stromal cells) and of migratory cell types dependent on the unique microenvironment afforded by the organ for their proper differentiation.
haematopoietic or lymphoid organ development
haemopoietic or lymphoid organ development
hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development
hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development
The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. The embryonic phase begins with zygote formation. The end of the embryonic phase is organism-specific. For example, it would be at birth for mammals, larval hatching for insects and seed dormancy in plants.
embryonic anatomical structure morphogenesis
The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs.
reproductive process in a multicellular organism
multicellular organismal reproductive process
A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular or single-celled organism.
cellular process involved in reproduction
The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an anatomical structure from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome.
formation of an anatomical structure involved in morphogenesis
Note that, for example, the formation of a pseudopod in an amoeba would not be considered formation involved in morphogenesis because it would not be thought of as the formation of an anatomical structure that was part of the shaping of the amoeba during its development. The formation of an axon from a neuron would be considered the formation of an anatomical structure involved in morphogenesis because it contributes to the creation of the form of the neuron in a developmental sense.
anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis
The process in which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process.
The process in which the anatomical structures of branches in a tube are generated and organized. A tube is a long hollow cylinder.
The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome.
A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cell over time from an initial condition to a later condition.
Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another.
Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a chemical.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.
regulation of cellular physiological process
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ions within an organism or cell.
negative regulation of crystal biosynthesis
negative regulation of crystal formation
A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system.
Any process that modulates the levels of body fluids.
Any process in which an organism voluntarily modulates its posture, the alignment of its anatomical parts.
neuromuscular process controlling posture
The process that involves the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system.
The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory.
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water within a tissue, organ, or a multicellular organism.
multicellular organismal water homeostasis
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism.
Any process pertaining to the functions of the nervous and muscular systems of an organism.
The series of events involved in sensory perception in which a sensory stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
sensory perception, sensory transduction of stimulus
detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception
The series of events in which a sensory chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
sensory detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception
sensory perception, sensory detection of chemical stimulus
sensory perception, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus
sensory transduction of chemical stimulus
sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during sensory perception
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception
The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process.
The series of events involved in the perception of sound vibration. The vibration is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
perception of sound, detection of mechanical stimulus
perception of sound, sensory detection of mechanical stimulus
perception of sound, sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus
sensory detection of mechanical stimulus during perception of sound
sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus during perception of sound
detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound
The series of events involved in the perception of smell in which an olfactory chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
perception of smell, detection of chemical stimulus
perception of smell, sensory detection of chemical stimulus
perception of smell, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus
sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of smell
sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of smell
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell
The series of events involved in the perception of taste in which a gustatory chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
perception of taste, detection of chemical stimulus
perception of taste, sensory detection of chemical stimulus
perception of taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus
sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of taste
sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of taste
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste
The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory light stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.
The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory mechanical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.
sensory perception of mechanical stimulus
The series of events in which a sensory mechanical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
sensory detection of mechanical stimulus
sensory detection of mechanical stimulus during sensory perception
sensory perception, sensory detection of mechanical stimulus
sensory perception, sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus
sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus
sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus during sensory perception
detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception
The series of events by which a mechanical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or group of cells.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
down regulation of developmental process
down-regulation of developmental process
negative regulation of developmental process
Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in a specific location.
establishment and maintenance of localization
establishment and maintenance of position
establishment and maintenance of cellular component location
establishment and maintenance of substance location
establishment and maintenance of substrate location
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.
The directed movement of a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multicellular organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of a multicellular organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.
regulation of multicellular organismal process
The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a cell into daughter cells.
Note that this term differs from 'cytokinesis ; GO:0000910' in that cytokinesis excludes nuclear division; in prokaryotes, there is little difference between cytokinesis and cell division. Note that there is no relationship between this term and 'nuclear division ; GO:0000280' because cell division can take place without nuclear division (as in prokaryotes) and vice versa (as in syncytium formation by mitosis without cytokinesis.
Progression through the phases of the meiotic cell cycle, in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell.
M phase occurring as part of the meiotic cell cycle. M phase is the part of the cell cycle during which nuclear division takes place. A meiotic cell cycle is one in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell.
The series of events in which a stimulus is received by a cell or organism and converted into a molecular signal.
A localization process that takes place at the cellular level; as a result of a cellular localization process, a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell.
establishment and maintenance of cellular localization
establishment and maintenance of localization in cell or cell membrane
The directed movement of a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell.
establishment of intracellular localization
establishment of localization within cell
Any process in which a cell is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location.
establishment and maintenance of cell localization
establishment and maintenance of localization of cell
A biological process which involves another organism of the same or different species.
physiological interaction between organisms
physiological interaction with other organism
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of metal ions within an organism or cell.
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell.
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of cations within an organism or cell.
An automatic response to a stimulus beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor and ending with the action of an effector such as a gland or a muscle. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness.
The multicellular organismal process in which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body.
Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue.
The regulation of body fluids process in which parasympathetic nerves stimulate the bladder wall muscle to contract and expel urine from the body.
The reflex process in which a mechanical stimulus applied to the eye elicits a response of the eyelid closing.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure.
The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an epithelium. Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system.
The regulated release of a hormone into the circulatory system.
Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cartilage development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.
Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cartilage development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.
negative regulation of cartilage development
The progression of a connective tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function.
Any process that modulates a qualitative or quantitative trait of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc.
The regulated release of glucagon from secretory granules in the A (alpha) cells of the pancreas (islets of Langerhans).
The regulated release of somatostatin from secretory granules in the D cells of the pancreas.
The regulated release of mucus by the mucosa. Mucus is a viscous slimy secretion consisting of mucins and various inorganic salts dissolved in water, with suspended epithelial cells and leukocytes. The mucosa, or mucous membrane, is the membrane covered with epithelium that lines the tubular organs of the body. Mucins are carbohydrate-rich glycoproteins that have a lubricating and protective function.
A renal system process in which water, ions, glucose and proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron.
A renal system process in which water is taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron.
The process of biting and mashing food with the teeth prior to swallowing.
The directed movement of organic substances into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An organic substance is a molecular entity that contains carbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon.
organic molecular entity metabolic process
The directed movement of nitrogen-containing compounds into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
An extracellular matrix part that consists of an insoluble core of polymerized tropoelastin monomers and a surrounding mantle of microfibrils. Elastic fibers provide elasticity and recoiling to tissues and organs, and maintain structural integrity against mechanical strain.
The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an epithelial tube.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cardiovascular system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cardiovascular system is the anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the circulatory system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The circulatory system is the organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis.
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent cations within an organism or cell.
Note that this term was split from 'di-, tri-valent inorganic cation homeostasis ; GO:0055066' (sibling term 'trivalent inorganic cation homeostasis' ; GO:0072508').
A renal system process in which fluid circulating through the body is filtered through a barrier system.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic cyclic compound.
organic cyclic compound metabolic process
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic cyclic compound.
organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organonitrogen compound.
organonitrogen compound metabolic process
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon.
organic molecular entity biosynthetic process
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic hydroxy compound.
organic hydroxy compound metabolic process
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of multicellular organismal development.
regulation of multicellular organismal development
conditional specification
a directive information entity that specifies what should happen if the trigger condition is fulfilled
PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch
OBI branch derived
example to be eventually removed
measurement unit label
Examples of measurement unit labels are liters, inches, weight per volume.
A measurement unit label is as a label that is part of a scalar measurement datum and denotes a unit of measure.
2009-03-16: review of this term done during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
objective specification
purpose of a study; support of hypothesis, discovery of new information
a directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved.
Answers the question, why did you do this experiment?
PERSON: Barry Smith
PERSON: Bjoern Peters
PERSON: Jennifer Fostel
OBI Plan and Planned Process/Roles Branch
Pour the contents of flask 1 into flask 2
a directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take
Alan Ruttenberg
OBI Plan and Planned Process branch
action specification
label
A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label
GROUP: IAO
journal article
Examples are articles published in the journals, Nature and Science. The content can often be cited by reference to a paper based encoding, e.g. Authors, Title of article, Journal name, date or year of publication, volume and page number.
a report that is published in a journal
person:Alan Ruttenberg
person:Chris Stoeckert
data item
Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries.
a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements.
2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers.
2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum.
2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym.
PERSON: Chris Stoeckert
PERSON: Jonathan Rees
data
information content entity
Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs.
an information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity
10 feet. 3 ml.
a scalar measurement datum is a measurement datum that is composed of two parts, numerals and a unit label.
Would write this as: has_part some 'measurement unit label' and has_part some numeral and has_part exactly 2, except for the fact that this won't let us take advantage of OWL reasoning over the numbers. Instead use has measurment value property to represent the same. Use has measurement unit label (subproperty of has_part) so we can easily say that there is only one of them.
scalar measurement datum
An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process.
8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Changed label from "information entity about a realizable" after discussions at ICBO
Werner pushed back on calling it realizable information entity as it isn't realizable. However this name isn't right either. An example would be a recipe. The realizable entity would be a plan, but the information entity isn't about the plan, it, once concretized, *is* the plan. -Alan
directive information entity
curation status specification
The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting)
PERSON:Bill Bug
report
Examples of reports are gene lists and investigation reports. These are not published (journal) articles but may be included in a journal article.
a document assembled by an author for the purpose of providing information for the audience. A report is the output of a documenting process and has the objective to be consumed by a specific audience. Topic of the report is on something that has completed. A report is not a single figure. Examples of reports are journal article, patent application, grant progress report, case report (not patient record)
2009-03-16: this was report of results with definition: A report is a narrative object that is a formal statement of the results of an investigation, or of any matter on which definite information is required, made by some person or body instructed or required to do so.
2009-03-16: work has been done on this term during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
2009-08-10 Alan Ruttenberg: Larry Hunter suggests that this be obsoleted and replaced by 'document'. Alan restored as there are OBI dependencies and this merits further discussion
disagreement about where reports go. alan: only some gene lists are reports. Is a report all the content of some document? The example of usage suggests that a report may be part of some article. Term needs clarification
PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
GROUP: OBI
data set
Intensity values in a CEL file or from multiple CEL files comprise a data set (as opposed to the CEL files themselves).
A data item that is an aggregate of other data items of the same type that have something in common. Averages and distributions can be determined for data sets.
2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg. The intention is that this term represent collections of like data. So this isn't for, e.g. the whole contents of a cel file, which includes parameters, metadata etc. This is more like java arrays of a certain rather specific type
person:Allyson Lister
data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term
data about an ontology part
plan specification
PMID: 18323827.Nat Med. 2008 Mar;14(3):226.New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice.
a directive information entity that when concretized it is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives, in part by taking the actions specified. Plan specifications includes parts such as objective specification, action specifications and conditional specifications.
2009-03-16: provenance: a term a plan was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000344) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was " a plan is a specification of a process that is realized by an actor to achieve the objective specified as part of the plan". It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.
Alternative previous definition: a plan is a set of instructions that specify how an objective should be achieved
measurement datum
Examples of measurement data are the recoding of the weight of a mouse as {40,mass,"grams"}, the recording of an observation of the behavior of the mouse {,process,"agitated"}, the recording of the expression level of a gene as measured through the process of microarray experiment {3.4,luminosity,}.
A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device.
2/2/2009 is_specified_output of some assay?
editor preferred term
The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
PERSON:Daniel Schober
example
A phrase describing how a class name should be used. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding of a class semantics, such as widely known prototypical subclasses or instances of the class. Although essential for high level terms, examples for low level terms (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) are not
example of usage
in branch
An annotation property indicating which module the terms belong to. This is currently experimental and not implemented yet.
has curation status
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
editor note
An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
term editor
Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people
20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See http://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=115.
alternative term
An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent)
definition source
formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w
Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete.
metadata complete
term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release
organizational term
Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release."
ready for release
Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors.
metadata incomplete
Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term.
uncurated
All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor.
pending final vetting
This document is about information artifacts and their representations
is_about is a (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity.
Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
is about
An information artifact IA mentions an entity E exactly when it has a component/part that denotes E
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. P4 RC1 munges our GCI so remove it for now: mentions some entity equivalentTo has_part some ('generically denotes' some entity)
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Add this relation following conversation with Jonathan Rees that N&S GCI for is_about was too strong. Really it was simply sufficient. To effect this change we introduce this relation, which is subproperty of is_about, and have previous GCI use this relation "mentions" in it's (logical) definition
Person: Alan Ruttenberg
mentions
curator note
An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user
document
A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book
A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole
PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
imported from
For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported
Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology.
to be replaced with external ontology term
A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues.
requires discussion
"Cercopithecus l'hoesti" RELATED misspelling []
"Hoest" EXACT genbank_common_name [NCBITaxonRef:s_monkey]
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecus_lhoesti
"Chinese hamster" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"Cricetulus aureus" EXACT equivalent_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cricetulus_griseus
"Microcricetus aureus" RELATED misnomer []
"Syrian golden hamster" EXACT common_name []
"Syrian golden hamsters" EXACT common_name []
"golden hamster" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mesocricetus_auratus
Djungarian hamster also in use for Phodopus campbelli
"lesser white-nosed monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecus_petaurista
"house mouse" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"mice C57BL/6xCBA/CaJ hybrid" RELATED misspelling []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mus_musculus
"Norway rat" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"Rattus norvegicus8" RELATED misspelling []
"Rattus norwegicus" RELATED misspelling []
"Rattus sp. strain Wistar" EXACT equivalent_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Rattus_norvegicus
Viruses
"Bolivian red howler monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Alouatta_sara
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Eulemur
"crowned lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Eulemur_coronatus
"brown lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Eulemur_fulvus
"bamboo lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hapalemur_griseus
Bacteria
"coppery titi" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Callicebus_cupreus
Archaea
"agile mangabey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercocebus_agilis
"Wolf's monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecus_wolfi
Eukaryota
"Bolivian squirrel monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Saimiri_boliviensis
"Midas tamarin" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Saguinus_midas
"Azara's night monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Aotus_azarai
"Tattersall's sifaka" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"golden-crowned sifaka" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Propithecus_tattersalli
"black lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Eulemur_macaco
"South African galago" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Galago_moholi
"Otolemur garnetti" RELATED misspelling []
"small-eared galago" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Otolemur_garnettii
"Rodents and rabbits" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Glires
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecoidea
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hominoidea
"Daubentonia madagascarensis" RELATED misspelling []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Daubentonia_madagascariensis
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Nomascus
"eastern black-and -white colobus" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Colobus_guereza
"carnivores" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Carnivora
"Verreaux's sifaka" EXACT common_name []
"white sifaka" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Propithecus_verreauxi
"mongoose lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Eulemur_mongoz
"red-bellied lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Eulemur_rubriventer
"black-cheeked white-nosed monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecus_ascanius
"Cercopithecus albogularis" RELATED synonym []
"blue monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecus_mitis
"De Brazza's monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecus_neglectus
"Cercopithecus talapoin" RELATED synonym []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Miopithecus_talapoin
"Ma's night monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Aotus_nancymaae
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lemuriformes
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Chiromyiformes
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lorisiformes
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Aotidae
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Pitheciidae
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Saimiriinae
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Atelidae
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mammalia
"white-faced saki" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Pithecia_pithecia
"proboscis monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Nasalis_larvatus
"Coquerel's mouse lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"Microcebus coquereli" RELATED synonym []
"Mirza coquerelli" RELATED misspelling []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mirza_coquereli
"Callithrix jacchus geoffroyi" RELATED synonym []
"Geoffroy's marmoset" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Callithrix_geoffroyi
"Angolan colobus" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Colobus_angolensis
"Allen's swamp monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Allenopithecus_nigroviridis
"Francois's leaf monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"Indochinese langur" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Trachypithecus_francoisi
"Celebes crested macaque" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Macaca_nigra
"liontail macaque" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Macaca_silenus
"Pere David's macaque" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Macaca_thibetana
"Spix's night monkey" EXACT common_name []
"noisy night monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Aotus_vociferans
"Hylobates concolor gabriellae" RELATED synonym []
"Hylobates gabriellae" RELATED synonym []
"Red-cheeked Gibbon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"buff-cheeked gibbon" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Nomascus_gabriellae
"Hylobates concolor leucogenys" RELATED synonym []
"Hylobates leucogenys Ogilby, 1840" RELATED synonym []
"Hylobates leucogenys" RELATED synonym []
"White-cheeked Gibbon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Nomascus_leucogenys
"Geochelone elephantopus" RELATED synonym []
"Geochelone nigra King & Burke 1989" RELATED synonym []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Geochelone_nigra
"Cercocebus albigena" RELATED synonym []
"gray-cheeked mangabey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lophocebus_albigena
"red-chested mustached tamarin" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Saguinus_labiatus
"sauropsids" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Sauropsida
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Semnopithecus_entellus
"even-toed ungulates" RELATED blast_name []
"whales, hippos, ruminants, pigs, camels etc." EXACT genbank_common_name []
whales, hippos, ruminants, pigs, camels etc.
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cetartiodactyla
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Primates
"Ring-tailed lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lemur_catta
"ruffed lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Varecia_variegata
"fat-tailed dwarf lemur" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cheirogaleus_medius
"Senegal galago" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"northern lesser bushbaby" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Galago_senegalensis
"slender loris" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Loris_tardigradus
"slow loris" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Nycticebus_coucang
"New World monkeys" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Platyrrhini
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Callithrix
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Saguinus
"brown-headed tamarin" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"saddle-backed tamarin" EXACT common_name []
"saddlebacked tamarin" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Saguinus_fuscicollis
"Sanguinus oedipus" RELATED misspelling []
"cotton-top tamarin" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Saguinus_oedipus
"pygmy marmoset" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Callithrix_pygmaea
"Callimico goeldi" RELATED misspelling []
"Goeldi's marmoset" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Callimico_goeldii
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cebidae
"Ateles geoffreyi" RELATED misspelling []
"Ateles jeoffroyi" RELATED misspelling []
"Central American spider monkey" EXACT common_name []
"black-handed spider monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Ateles_geoffroyi
"Humboldt's woolly monkey" EXACT common_name []
"Lagothrix lagothricha" RELATED misspelling []
"common woolly monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Lagothrix_lagotricha
"South American squirrel monkey" EXACT common_name []
"common squirrel monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Saimiri_sciureus
"Red-bellied titi" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Callicebus_moloch
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecinae
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercocebus
"red-capped mangabey" EXACT common_name []
"red-crowned mangabey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"white-collared mangabey" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercocebus_torquatus
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecus
"African green monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"African green monkeys" EXACT common_name []
"Cercopithecus aethiops" RELATED genbank_synonym []
"Ceropithecus aethiops" RELATED misspelling []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Chlorocebus_aethiops
"moustached monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Cercopithecus_cephus
"Cercopithecus patas" RELATED synonym []
"red guenon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Erythrocebus_patas
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Macaca
"crab eating macaque" EXACT common_name []
"crab-eating macaque" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"cynomolgus monkey" EXACT common_name []
"cynomolgus monkeys" EXACT common_name []
"long-tailed macaque" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Macaca_fascicularis
"rhesus monkey" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Macaca_mulatta
"pig-tailed macaque" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Macaca_nemestrina
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Papio
"Papio cynocephalus anubis" RELATED synonym []
"Papio hamadryas anubis" RELATED synonym []
"Papio hamadryas doguera" RELATED synonym []
"olive baboon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Papio_anubis
"Papio hamadryas cynocephalus" RELATED synonym []
"yellow baboon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Papio_cynocephalus
"Papio hamadryas subsp." EXACT equivalent_name []
"hamadryas baboon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Papio_hamadryas
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mandrillus_sphinx
"forest baboons" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mandrillus
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Mandrillus_leucophaeus
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Colobinae
"black-and-white colobus monkeys" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Colobus
"king colobus" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Colobus_polykomos
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hylobatidae
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hylobates
"agile gibbon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hylobates_agilis
"common gibbon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"white-handed gibbon" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hylobates_lar
"pileated gibbon" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hylobates_pileatus
"Hylobates syndactylus" RELATED synonym []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Symphalangus_syndactylus
"Western Gorilla" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Gorilla_gorilla
"pygmy chimpanzee" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Pan_paniscus
"Chimpansee troglodytes" RELATED misspelling []
"chimpanzee" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Pan_troglodytes
"Bornean orangutan" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Pongo_pygmaeus
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Hominidae
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Homo_sapiens
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Canis_lupus_familiaris
"lesser panda" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Ailurus_fulgens
"Felis silvestris catus" RELATED synonym []
"domestic cat" EXACT genbank_common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Felis_catus
"odd-toed ungulates" EXACT genbank_common_name []
"odd-toed ungulates" RELATED blast_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Perissodactyla
"Equus ferus caballus" RELATED synonym []
"Equus przewalskii f. caballus" RELATED synonym []
"Equus przewalskii forma caballus" RELATED synonym []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Equus_caballus
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Sus_scrofa
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Muntiacus_muntjak
"Bos primigenius taurus" RELATED synonym []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Bos_taurus
"Ovis orientalis aries" RELATED synonym []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Ovis_aries
"Japanese white rabbit" EXACT common_name []
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Oryctolagus_cuniculus
URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/cellline#Rodentia
planned process
Injecting mice with a vaccine in order to test its efficacy
A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification.
'Plan' includes a future direction sense. That can be problematic if plans are changed during their execution. There are however implicit contingencies for protocols that an agent has in his mind that can be considered part of the plan, even if the agent didn't have them in mind before. Therefore, a planned process can diverge from what the agent would have said the plan was before executing it, by adjusting to problems encountered during execution (e.g. choosing another reagent with equivalent properties, if the originally planned one has run out.)
6/11/9: Edited at workshop. Used to include: is initiated by an agent
This class merges the previously separated objective driven process and planned process, as they the separation proved hard to maintain. (1/22/09, branch call)
processed material
Examples include gel matrices, filter paper, parafilm and buffer solutions, mass spectrometer, tissue samples
Is a material entity that is created or changed during material processing.
A growth medium or culture medium is a substance in which microorganisms or cells can grow. Wikipedia, growth medium, Feb 29, 2008
a processed material that provides the needed nourishment for microorganisms or cells grown in vitro.
Person: Jennifer Fostel, Jie Zheng
OBI
culture medium
A cell lysis, production of a cloning vector, creating a buffer.
A planned process which results in physical changes in a specified input material
material transformation
material processing
organization
PMID: 16353909.AAPS J. 2005 Sep 22;7(2):E274-80. Review. The joint food and agriculture organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives and its role in the evaluation of the safety of veterinary drug residues in foods.
An organization is a continuant entity which can play roles, has members, and has a set of organization rules. Members of organizations are either organizations themselves or individual people. Members can bear specific organization member roles that are determined in the organization rules. The organization rules also determine how decisions are made on behalf of the organization by the organization members.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0002010
see is_input_of example_of_usage
A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of.
8/17/09: specified inputs of one process are not necessarily specified inputs of a larger process that it is part of. This is in contrast to how 'has participant' works.
has_specified_input
some Autologous EBV(Epstein-Barr virus)-transformed B-LCL (B lymphocyte cell line) is_input_for instance of Chromum Release Assay described at https://wiki.cbil.upenn.edu/obiwiki/index.php/Chromium_Release_assay
is_specified_input_of
A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of.
has_specified_output
is_specified_output_of
A cell sorting process achieves the objective specification 'material separation objective'
This relation obtains between a planned process and a objective specification when the criteria specified in the objective specification are met at the end of the planned process.
modified according to email thread from 1/23/09 in accordince with DT and PPPB branch
The objective to create a mouse infected with LCM virus. The objective to create a defined solution of PBS.
an objective specifiction that creates an specific output object from input materials.
artifact creation objective
material transformation objective
the relation of the cells in the finger of the skin to the finger, in which an indeterminate number of grains are parts of the whole by virtue of being grains in a collective that is part of the whole, and in which removing one granular part does not nec- essarily damage or diminish the whole. Ontological Whether there is a fixed, or nearly fixed number of parts - e.g. fingers of the hand, chambers of the heart, or wheels of a car - such that there can be a notion of a single one being missing, or whether, by contrast, the number of parts is indeterminate - e.g., cells in the skin of the hand, red cells in blood, or rubber molecules in the tread of the tire of the wheel of the car.
Discussion in Karslruhe with, among others, Alan Rector, Stefan Schulz, Marijke Keet, Melanie Courtot, and Alan Ruttenberg. Definition take from the definition of granular parthood in the cited paper. Needs work to put into standard form
PAPER: Granularity, scale and collectivity: When size does and does not matter, Alan Rector, Jeremy Rogers, Thomas Bittner, Journal of Biomedical Informatics 39 (2006) 333-349
The objective to collect bits of excrement in the rainforest. The objective to obtain a blood sample from a patient.
A specimen creation objective is to obtain a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation
is the objective to maintain some or all of the qualities of a material over time.
a process with that achieves the objective to maintain some or all of the characteristics of an input material over time
Establishment of HeLa immortal cell line
is a planned process in which the objective is to generate a cell line from a natural population of cells which are already immortal
Production of a cell line for the purposes of experimentation e.g. EBV transformation of PBMs
an establishing cell line process whereby a mortal cell line is intentionally genetically modified to be capable of indefinite propagation and re-established as a new immortal cell line
4-20-13 MHB: This class was repositioned as a child of 'establishing cell line', based on the existing definition ("the planned process of experimentally creating a cell line which is capable of dividing indefinitely in vitro"), and examples and other annotations indicating the intent to describe a process through which a new immortal cell line is established from an existing mortal cell line using genetic modification techniques. The definition above was modified to clarify this perspective.
'establishing immortal cell line through directed genetic modification'
A immortalizing genetic transformation of an existing population of cell line cells is required as part of this process, as are additional steps for selecting and propagating the cells output form this process into a cell line.
a process whereby a new type of cell line is created, either through passaging of a primary cell culture to relative genetic stability and compositional homogeneity, or through some experimental modification of an existing cell line to produce a new line with novel characteristics (e.g. immortalization or some other stable genetic modification, or selection of some defined subset).
2013-4-20 MHB: For cases of initial establilshment of a line from a primary culture, successive passaging and/or selection processes can confer increasing degrees of genetic stability and compositional homogeneity as compared to the input primary culture. Historically, many texts consider the first passage as the clearest point to define the beginning of a line. However, in practice it is more often that case that more than one passage, and possibly additional selective techniques, may be required before a culture is deemed to have sufficient stability and homogeneity to be considered cell line. This is the view taken in OBI. Regardless, what is important is that some intentional, experimental step has been taken to establish a more homogenous and stable culture that can be characterized and progatated over time.
A material entity comprised of cultured cells and the media in which they are being propagated or stored.
A cell culture includes the cells in culture, as well as the media and all additives in which the cells are being grown or in which they are stored.
cell culture
a genetic transformation of a cell line cell with transgenic constructs intended to confer the capability for indefinite propagation in culture
A cell culture comprised of cell line cells and the media in which they are being actively propagated or quiescently stored.
A cell line culture includes the cells in culture, as well as the media and all additives/reagents in which the cells are being grown or in which they are stored.
cell line culture
culture media or serum + 10% DMSO is often used as cell freezing media.
A processed material that serves as a liquid vehicle for freezing cells for long term quiescent stroage, which contains chemicals needed to sustain cell viability across freeze-thaw cycles.
cell freezing medium
organism
animal
fungus
plant
virus
A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs.
10/21/09: This is a placeholder term, that should ideally be imported from the NCBI taxonomy, but the high level hierarchy there does not suit our needs (includes plasmids and 'other organisms')
WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism
A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. E.g Drosophila melanogaster
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000634
A cultured cell population applied in an experiment: 293 cells expressing TrkA were serum-starved for 18 hours and then neurotrophins were added for 10 min before cell harvest (Lee, Ramee, et al. Regulation of cell survival by secreted proneurotrophins; Science 294.5548 (2001): 1945-1948). A cultured cell population maintained in vitro: 'Rat cortical neurons from 15 day embryos are grown in dissociated cell culture and maintained in vitro for 8–12 weeks' (Dichter, Marc A. Rat cortical neurons in cell culture: culture methods, cell morphology, electrophysiology, and synapse formation. Brain Research 149.2 (1978): 279-293).
A processed material comprised of a collection of cultured cells that has been continuously maintained together in culture and shares a common propagation history.
2013-6-5 MHB: This OBI class was formerly called 'cell culture', but label changed and definition updated following CLO alignment efforts in spring 2013, during which the intent of this class was clarified to refer to portions of a culture or line rather than a complete cell culture or line.
The extent of a 'cultured cell population' is restricted only in that all cell members must share a propagation history (ie be derived through a common lineage of passages from an initial culture). In being defined in this way, this class can be used to refer to the populations that researchers actually use in the practice of science - ie are the inputs to culturing, experimentation, and sharing. The cells in such populations will be a relatively uniform population as they have experienced similar selective pressures due to their continuous co-propagation. And this population will also have a single passage number, again owing to their common passaging history. Cultured cell populations represent only a collection of cells (ie do not include media, culture dishes, etc), and include populations of cultured unicellular organisms or cultured multicellular organism cells. They can exist under active culture, stored in a quiescent state for future use, or applied experimentally.
maintaining cell culture
When harvesting blood from a human, isolating T cells, and then limited dilution cloning of the cells, the maintaining_cell_culture step comprises all steps after the initial dilution and plating of the cells into culture, e.g. placing the culture into an incubator, changing or adding media, and splitting a cell culture
a protocol application in which cells are kept alive in a defined environment outside of an organism. part of cell_culturing
a process through which a new type of cell culture or cell line is created, either through the isolation and culture of one or more cells from a fresh source, or the deliberate experimental modification of an existing cell culture (e.g passaging a primary culture to become a secondary culture or line, or the immortalization or stable genetic modification of an existing culture or line).
A 'cell culture' as used here referes to a new lineage of cells in culture deriving from a single biological source.. New cultures are established through the initial isolation and culturing of cells from an organismal source, or through changes in an existing cell culture or line that result in a new culture with unique characteristics. This can occur through the passaging/selection of a primary culture into a secondary culture or line, or experimental modifications of an existing cell culture or line such as an immortalization process or other stable genetic modification. This class covers establishment of cultures of either multicellular organism cells or unicellular organisms.
An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved.
Term applied to any organism able to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. Sexual reproduction is defined as the ability to exchange genetic material with the potential of recombinant progeny.
The assemblage of physical properties or qualities by which male is distinguished from female; the physical difference between male and female; the distinguishing peculiarity of male or female.
EFO_URI: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000695
A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure.
A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc).
Shapes are invariant on size transformations. Shapes can be subdivided into 2D and 3D shapes, We can also make a distinction between shapes of complete self-connected objects, and shapes of parts of objects.
A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form.
A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes.
A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes.
A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being such that every part of the surface or the circumference is equidistant from the center.
A spheroid quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being oval with two axes of symmetry, as produced by a conical section.
A quality which inheres in a continuant.
multiply inhering quality of a physical entity
Relational qualities are qualities that hold between multiple entities. Normal (monadic) qualities such as the shape of a eyeball exist purely as a quality of that eyeball. A relational quality such as sensitivity to light is a quality of that eyeball (and connecting nervous system) as it relates to incoming light waves/particles.
A convex 3-D shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting a consistently-sized round cross section.
A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a three dimensional cavity with a narrow or no opening, and often containing an anatomical substance.
A shape that inheres in a 2 dimensional entity, such as a cross section or projection of a 3 dimensional entity.
A complete three dimensional shape in which for every line connecting pair of points on the object is within the object. Or: a shape lacking cavities. Contrast: concave.
Use this term or an is_a child of this term when the entire shape of the object is known.
A structural quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing hollow areas.
A shape that inheres in a 3 dimensional entity.
A shape constituting a transition between a rectangle and a circle; a closed curve, of which the circle and ellipse are special cases, whose parametric equation is x = a.cos2/rt, y = b.cos2/rt
An amino acid chain that is produced de novo by ribosome-mediated translation of a genetically-encoded mRNA.
Proteins descended from a common ancestor can be classified into families and superfamilies composed of products of evolutionarily-related genes. The domain architecture of a protein is described by the order of its constituent domains. Proteins with the same domains in the same order are defined as homeomorphic [PRO:WCB].
A protein that is a translation product of the human FGF8 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.
A protein that is a translation product of the human SHH gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.
A protein that is a translation product of the human SPON1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.
vascular smooth muscle cell growth-promoting factor
A polymer of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
A relation that holds between two neurons connected directly via a synapse, or indirectly via a series of synaptically connected neurons.
David Osumi-Sutherland
(forall (?x ?y) (iff (neural_circuit_path ?x ?y) (and ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?x) ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?y) (or (synapsed_by ?x ?y) (synapsed_to ?x ?y))))) (forall (...s ?x ?y ?z) (iff (neural_circuit_path ...s ?x ?y ?z) (and (neural_circuit_path ...s ?x ?y) ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?z) (or (synapsed_by ?y ?z) (synapsed_to ?y ?z))))) (forall (?x ?y) (iff (in_neural_circuit_with ?x ?y) (exists (...s) (neural_circuit_path ?x ...s ?y))))
in neural circuit with
A relation that holds between a neuron that is synapsed_to another neuron or a neuron that is connected indirectly to another by a chain of neurons, each synapsed_to the next.
(forall (?x ?y) (iff (upstream_neural_circuit_path ?x ?y) (and ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?x) ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?y) (synapsed_to ?x ?y)))) (forall (...s ?x ?y ?z) (iff (upstream_neural_circuit_path ...s ?x ?y ?z ) (and (upstream_neural_circuit_path ...s ?x ?y) ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?z) (synapsed_to ?y ?z)))) (forall (?x ?y) (iff (upstream_in_neural_circuit_with ?x ?y) (exists (...s) (upstream_neural_circuit_path ?x ...s ?y))))
upstream in neural circuit with
(forall (?x ?y) (iff (downstream_neural_circuit_path ?x ?y) (and ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?x) ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?y) (synapsed_by ?x ?y)))) (forall (...s ?x ?y ?z) (iff (downstream_neural_circuit_path ...s ?x ?y ?z ) (and (downstream_neural_circuit_path ...s ?x ?y) ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?z) (synapsed_by ?y ?z)))) (forall (?x ?y) (iff (downstream_in_neural_circuit_with ?x ?y) (exists (...s) (downstream_neural_circuit_path ?x ...s ?y))))
downstream in neural circuit with
Original def from OBO_REL: instance level derives_from holds between distinct material continuants when one succeeds the other across a temporal divide in such a way that at least a biologically significant portion of the matter of the earlier continuant is inherited by the later
derives from
x capable of part of Y if and only if x is the bearer or some dependent continuant that is realized by only part of some Y
aligned with
x has function in part of Y if and only if x is the bearer or some function that is realized by only part of some Y
Relation between occurrents, shares start and end boundaries.
X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process immediately precedes another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes[SIO:000251].
soma part of
Relation between a neuron and an anatomical structure that its soma is part of.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some ( <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043025> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some ?Y)
has soma location
relationship between a neuron and a neuron projection bundle (e.g.- tract or nerve bundle) that one or more of its projections travels through.
(forall (?x ?y) (iff (fasciculates_with ?x ?y) (exists (?nps ?npbs) (and ("neuron ; CL_0000540" ?x) ("neuron projection bundle ; CARO_0001001" ?y) ("neuron projection segment ; CARO_0001502" ?nps) ("neuron projection bundle segment ; CARO_0001500' " ?npbs) (part_of ?npbs ?y) (part_of ?nps ?x) (part_of ?nps ?npbs) (forall (?npbss) (if (and ("neuron projection bundle subsegment ; CARO_0001501" ?npbss) (part_of ?npbss ?npbs) ) (overlaps ?nps ?npbss) ))))))
fasciculates with
Relation between a neuron and some structure its axon forms (chemical) synapses in.
Chris Mungall
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some ( <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030424> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some ( <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042734> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some ( <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some ?Y)))
axon synapses in
Relation between an anatomical structure (including cells) and a neuron that chemically synapses to it.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045211> that part_of some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202> that has_part some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042734> that <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some Y?)))
synapsed by
Every B cell[CL_0000236] has plasma membrane part some immunoglobulin complex[GO_0019814]
Holds between a cell c and a protein complex or protein p if and only if that cell has as part a plasma_membrane[GO:0005886], and that plasma membrane has p as part.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some ?Y)
has plasma membrane part
Relation between a neuron and some structure (e.g.- a brain region) in which it receives (chemical) synaptic input.
synapsed in
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ( http://purl.org/obo/owl/GO#GO_0045211 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ( http://purl.org/obo/owl/GO#GO_0045202 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y))
has postsynaptic terminal in
releases neurotransmitter
synapses in
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042734> that <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202> that <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some Y?)
has presynaptic terminal in
Relation between a neuron and an anatomical structure (including cells) that it chemically synapses to.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042734> that part_of some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202> that <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045211> that <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some Y?)))
N1 synapsed_to some N2 Expands to: N1 SubclassOf ( has_part some ( ‘pre-synaptic membrane ; GO:0042734’ that part_of some ( ‘synapse ; GO:0045202’ that has_part some ( ‘post-synaptic membrane ; GO:0045211’ that part_of some N2))))
synapsed to
Relation between a neuron and some structure (e.g.- a brain region) in which its dendrite receives synaptic input.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some ( <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030425> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051> some ( http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042734 and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some ( <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202> and <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some ?Y)))
dendrite synapsed in
A general relation between a neuron and some structure in which it either chemically synapses to some target or in which it receives (chemical) synaptic input.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202> that <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some Y?)
has synaptic terminal in
A overlaps B if they share some part in common.
x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
overlaps
The relation between a neuron projection bundle and a neuron projection that is fasciculated with it.
has fasciculating component
(forall (?x ?y) (iff (has_fasciculating_neuron_projection ?x ?y) (exists (?nps ?npbs) (and ("neuron projection bundle ; CARO_0001001" ?x) ("neuron projection ; GO0043005" ?y) ("neuron projection segment ; CARO_0001502" ?nps) ("neuron projection bundle segment ; CARO_0001500" ?npbs) (part_of ?nps ?y) (part_of ?npbs ?x) (part_of ?nps ?npbs) (forall (?npbss) (if (and ("neuron projection bundle subsegment ; CARO_0001501" ?npbss) (part_of ?npbss ?npbs) ) (overlaps ?nps ?npbss) ))))))
has fasciculating neuron projection
Relation between a 'neuron projection bundle' and a region in which one or more of its component neuron projections either synapses to targets or receives synaptic input. T innervates some R Expands_to: T has_fasciculating_neuron_projection that synapse_in some R.
<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002132> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043005> that (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131> some (<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202> that <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050> some Y?)))
innervates
X connected_to Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary.
connected to
(forall (?x ?y) (iff (proper_overlaps ?x ?y) (and (overlaps ?x ?y) (not (part_of ?x ?y)) (not (part_of ?y ?x)))))
proper overlaps
d derived_by_descent_from a if d is specified by some genetic program that is sequence-inherited-from a genetic program that specifies a.
two individual entities d1 and d2 stand in a shares_ancestor_with relation if and only if there exists some a such that d1 derived_by_descent_from a and d2 derived_by_descent_from a.
lactation SubClassOf 'only in taxon' some 'Mammalia'
S only_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only T
x only in taxon y if and only if x is in taxon y, and there is no other organism z such that y!=z a and x is in taxon z.
The original intent was to treat this as a macro that expands to 'in taxon' only ?Y - however, this is not necessary if we instead have supplemental axioms that state that each pair of sibling tax have a disjointness axiom using the 'in taxon' property - e.g. 'in taxon' some Eukaryota DisjointWith 'in taxon' some Eubacteria
tooth SubClassOf 'never in taxon' value 'Aves'
S never_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only not T
x never in taxon T if and only if T is a class, and x does not instantiate the class expression "in taxon some T". Note that this is a shortcut relation, and should be used as a hasValue restriction in OWL.
Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: ?X and (RO_0002162 some ?Y)
x is in taxon y if an only if y is an organism, and the relationship between x and y is one of: part of (reflexive), developmentally preceded by, derives from, secreted by, expresses.
Connects a biological entity to its taxon of origin.
A is spatially_disjoint_from B if and only if they have no parts in common
For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint.
has component
Robert Hoehndorf
has phenotype
phenotype of
x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y
Terry Meehan
This is the transitive form of the develops from relation
develops from
develops into
definition "x has gene product of y if and only if y is a gene (SO:0000704) that participates in some gene expression process (GO:0010467) where the output of that process is either y or something that is ribosomally translated from x"
gene product of
every HOTAIR lncRNA is the gene product of some HOXC gene
every sonic hedgehog protein (PR:000014841) is the gene product of some sonic hedgehog gene
x has gene product y if and only if x is a gene (SO:0000704) that participates in some gene expression process (GO:0010467) where the output of that process is either y or something that is ribosomally translated from y
has gene product
'neural crest cell' SubClassOf expresses some 'Wnt1 gene'
x expressed in y if and only if there is a gene expression process (GO:0010467) that occurs in y, and one of the following holds: (i) x is a gene, and x is transcribed into a transcript as part of the gene expression process (ii) x is a transcript, and the transcription of x is part of the gene expression process (iii) x is a mature gene product such as a protein, and x was translated or otherwise processes from a transcript that was transcribed as part of this gene expression process
expressed in
Candidate definition: x directly_develops from y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p, and a substantial portion of the matter of y comes from x, and the start of x is coincident with or after the end of y
directly develops from
directly develops into
x regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x exerts an effect on the frequency, rate or exteny of y
regulates
x negatively regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x reduces the frequency, rate or exteny of y
negatively regulates
x negatively regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x increases the frequency, rate or exteny of y
positively regulates
'human p53 protein' SubClassOf some ('participates in' some 'DNA repair')
heart SubClassOf 'has prototype' some ('participates in' some 'blood circulation')
x has prototype y if and only if x is an instance of C and y is a prototypical instance of C. For example, every instance of heart, both normal and abnormal is related by the has prototype relation to some instance of a "canonical" heart, which participates in blood circulation.
Experimental. In future there will be a formalization in which this relation is treated as a shortcut to some model logic axiom.
has prototype
osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption'
A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process. This is a shortcut relation, translation rule for which is: capable_of P <-> bearer_of (some realized_by only P). Example: osteoclast capable of bone resorption.
capable of
x has function in Y if and only if x is the bearer or some function that is realized by only Y
has function in
x actively participates in y if and only if x participates in y and x realizes some active role
actively participates in
x has participant y if and only if x realizes some active role that inheres in y
has active participant
x surrounded_by y if and only if x is adjacent to y and for every region r that is adjacent to x, r overlaps y
x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y
surrounded by
x adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary
x adjacent_to y iff: x and y share a boundary
adjacent to
surrounds
A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations.
temporal relation
starts
Every insulin receptor signaling pathway starts with the binding of a ligand to the insulin receptor
Relation between occurrents, shares a start boundary with.
x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
starts with
x develops from part of y if and only if there exists some z such that x develops from z and z is part of y
develops from part of
x develops_in y if x is located in y whilst x is developing
todo - bring in containment relation from BFO
develops in
Relation between occurrents, shares an end boundary with.
ends
x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
ends with
x 'has starts location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'starts with' z and z 'occurs in' y
has start location
x 'has end location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'ends with' z and z 'occurs in' y
has end location
has input
has output
Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 3; Mammalian thymus has developmental contribution from some pharyngeal pouch 4 [Kardong]
has developmental contribution from
developmentally contributes to
t1 induced_by t2 if there is a process of developmental induction (GO:0031128) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor anatomical structure type T to T', where T' develops_from T
Developmental Biology, Gilbert, 8th edition, figure 6.5(F)
developmentally induced by
developmentally induces
Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p
In general you should not use this relation to make assertions - use one of the more specific relations below this one
This relation groups together various other developmental relations. It is fairly generic, encompassing induction, developmental contribution and direct and transitive develops from
developmentally preceded by
x developmentally replaces y if and only if there is some developmental process that causes x to move or to cease to exist, and for the site that was occupied by x to become occupied by y, where y either comes into existence in this site or moves to this site from somewhere else
developmentally replaces
developmentally succeeded by
'hypopharyngeal eminence' SubClassOf 'part of precursor of' some tongue
part of developmental precursor of
x is ubiquitously expressed in y if and only if x is expressed in y, and the majority of cells in y express x
Revisit this term after coordinating with SO/SOM. The domain of this relation should be a sequence, as an instance of a DNA molecule is only expressed in the cell of which it is a part.
ubiquitously expressed in
expresses
ubiquitously expresses
This property and its subproperties are being used primarily for the definition of GO developmental processes. The property hierarchy mirrors the core GO hierarchy. In future we may be able to make do with a more miniam set of properties, but due to the way GO is currently structured we require highly specific relations to assign adequate differentiae to classes
results in developmental progression of
results in development of
results in formation of
results in morphogenesis of
results in maturation of
foramen ovale closure SubClassOf results in disappearance of foramen ovale
results in disappearance of
every mullerian duct regression (GO:0001880) results in regression of some mullerian duct (UBERON:0003890)
results in regression of
Hydrozoa (NCBITaxon_6074) SubClassOf 'has habitat' some 'marine environment' (ENVO_00000569) -- http://eol.org/pages/1795/overview
x 'has habitat' y if and only if: x is an organism, y is a habitat, and x is specially adapted (either naturally or via artifical selection) to living in y. Here 'living in' encompasses the majority of the animal's lifespan.
has habitat
variant of
a produces b if some process that occurs_in a has_output b, where a and b are material entities. Examples: hybridoma cell line produces monoclonal antibody reagent; chondroblast produces avascular GAG-rich matrix.
Note that this definition doesn't quite distinguish the output of a transformation process from a production process, which is related to the identity/granularity issue.
produces
produced by
Lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina.
The narrow caudal end of the uterus that opens into the vagina. [TFD][VHOG]
The evolution of mammals is associated with radical changes in their reproductive biology, particularly the structure and function of the female reproductive organs. These changes include the evolution of the uterus, cervix, vagina, placenta and specialized cell types associated with each of those structures.[well established][VHOG]
a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the mouth. Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with the digestive system, and then into the rest of the respiratory system. In humans, the nose is located centrally on the face; on most other mammals, it is on the upper tip of the snout[WP]. GO: The nose is the specialized structure of the face that serves as the organ of the sense of smell and as part of the respiratory system. Includes the nasi externus (external nose) and cavitas nasi (nasal cavity).
TODO - distinguish generic olfactory apparatus from nose; we have olfactory organ for the generic organ - add new class 'olfactory structure'?
Regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells.
Anatomical structure which consists of glands developed from pancreatic ducts in the larvae and secrete insulin.[AAO]
Mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians have a pancreas with similar histology and mode of development, while in some fish, the islet cells are segregated as Brockmann bodies.[well established][VHOG]
A primitive exocrine pancreas can be found in holocephalan cartilaginous fish; a pancreatic duct directly ending in the gut lumen is connected to a glandular structure made of exocrine cells and associated with cell islets, which comprises three different hormone-producing cell types: insulin, somatostatin and glucagon (Yui and Fujita, 1986)[PMID:16417468]
The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands [GO]. An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin [ZFIN].
An endocrine gland derived from infundibulum of the floor of the diencephalon and an ectodermal dorsal protrusion from the buccal cavity which controls the secretion of many hormones influencing the function of various organs of the body.[AAO]
An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin.[TAO]
It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: The lamprey possesses a distinct pituitary organ and hormones, the ascidian does not show distinct evidence of them [Sower S, Freamat M, Kavanaugh S. The origins of the vertebrate hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) endocrine systems: new insights from lampreys. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2009;161:20-9]
A layer of dense irregular connective tissue in the gastrointestinal tract that supports the mucosa, as well as joins the mucosa to the bulk of underlying smooth muscle (fibers running circularly within layer of longitudinal muscle). [WP,unvetted].
Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Divided into somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Part of nervous system in which nerves extend throughout the body outside of the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]
(...) specific vertebrate traits within the chordate phylum such as skeletal tissues, PNS, and spectacular head and brain development, are linked to the NC (neural crest) and its derivatives.[well established][VHOG]
pars peripherica; systema nervosum periphericum
The part of the peripheral nervous system consisting of efferent nerves responsible for stimulating muscle contraction, including all the neurons connected with skeletal muscles, skin, and sense organs[WP, modified].
somatic nervous system, somatic division
The Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is a branch of the autonomic nervous system along with the enteric nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. It is always active at a basal level (called sympathetic tone) and becomes more active during times of stress. Its actions during the stress response comprise the fight-or-flight response [Wikipedia]. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter [GO].
Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. Examples include increasing the heart rate or constricting the blood vessels.[AAO]
The part of the autonomic nervous system which chiefly contains adrenergic fibres and tends to control and reduce secretions, decrease the contractility and hence the tone of smooth muscles and provoke the contraction of blood vessels. Essentially, it consists of preganglionic fibres from the thoracic and upper lumbar parts of the spinal cord. These fibres, by means of delicate rami communicantes, cross over to ganglia sited in a pair of ganglionated cords on each side of the vertebral column or to more peripheral ganglia. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
The autonomic nervous system is composed of three divisions: the sympathetic division, the parasympathetic division, and the enteric division. (...) In ray-finned teleost fishes, a sympathetic chain is present, and dual innervation of additional organs can be observed. A similar pattern can be found in amphibians (...). The evolution of the autonomic nervous system has been quite conservative, especially in the tetrapod lineage.[well established][VHOG]
pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi
sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system
Development notes: has developmental contribution from NC in verteberates (UBERONREF:0000002)
A sub-region of the skin. Note the distinct between the entire skin of the body, of which there is only 1 in an organism, and zones of skin, of which there can be many. Examples: skin of knee
(...) it is well-established that neural crest cells contribute to both the dermal skeleton (craniofacial bone, teeth, and the caudal fin rays of teleosts) and the integument, including craniofacial dermis and all pigment cells outside the retina (...).[well established][VHOG]
we assume that mouse, HOG and GAID all mean zone of skin when they say skin. We also choose skin as an exact synonym, as it is more intuitive
Structural anatomical relation which holds between each anatomical entity of one to three dimensions and some immaterial anatomical entity of one lower dimension such that the latter demarcates (delimits) the former from its neighborhood.
The endocrine pancreas is made up of islet cells that produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin[GO].
The part of the pancreas that acts as an endocrine gland, consisting of the islets of Langerhans, which secrete insulin and other hormones. [TFD][VHOG]
The zebrafish endocrine pancreas is composed of small groups of islet cells that are distributed throughout the exocrine pancreas. The islet cells produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.[TAO]
In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes - endocrine and exocrine pancrease are not co-associated in hagfishes or lampreys [PMID:20959416] - create a separate class for these?
The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field[GO]. The eye contains the following parts (when they are present in the organism): the eyeball (eye proper), the lacrimal apparatus, the conjuctival, the eyelid.
A cavitated compound organ that transduces light waves into neural signals.[TAO]
The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]
camera-type eye plus associated structures
AO notes: FMA distinguishes Eye (subdivision of face) which has its parts an Eyeball (organ). MA includes eyelid, conjunctiva and lacrimal apparatus as part of MA:eye - consistent with FMA - so we can infer that MA:eye is more like FMA:eye than FMA:eyeball. For other AOs this distinction is less meaningful - e.g. ZFA has no eyelid; XAO has no eyelid, but it has conjuctiva, which is considered part of the xao:eye. GO considers eyelid development part of eye development. See also notes on optic nerve - XAO, AAO and BTO consider this part of the eye. MA considers the eye muscles part of the eye, whereas FMA has a class 'orbital content' for this
An organ that is capable of detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell.
Examples: hair, nail (FMA); feather, claw, hoof, horn, wattle, spur, beak, scale(?), antler, bristle. Editors note: Mammary glands develop by similar mechanisms, and there is an argument for including them here (e.g. PMID:20484386), but these structures do not fit the current definition (lactiferous glands are part of the integumentary system in FMA). Note the FMA class is a subdivision of epidermis, which may be too restrictive for our purposes here. TODO: revise after definition of appendage is finalized in CARO2; in addition, verify subtypes w.r.t definition - e.g. beaks may overlap with skin of body rather than being part of it - rhamphotheca may be more appropriate
Major subdivision of an organism that protrudes from the body[DOS]. Organ or organ part that is attached to the body of an organism. For example a limb[GO, modified]. An appendage is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body, such as a vertebrate's limbs[BILA].
GO includes tree trunks, but excludes antennae. We modify trunk to body in our definition. Note this is currently a subtype of organism subdivision - which would exclude feathers
Oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system. Lymph nodes are garrisons of B, T, and other immune cells. Lymph nodes are found all through the body, and act as filters or traps for foreign particles. They contain white blood cells that use oxygen to process. Thus they are important in the proper functioning of the immune system. The lymph node is surrounded by a fibrous capsule, and inside the lymph node the fibrous capsule extends to form trabeculae. The substance of the lymph node is divided into the outer cortex and the inner medulla surrounded by the former all around except for at the hilum, where the medulla comes in direct contact with the surface. Thin reticular fibers, elastin and reticular fibers form a supporting meshwork called reticular network (RN) inside the node, within which the white blood cells (WBCs), most prominently, lymphocytes are tightly packed as follicles in the cortex. Elsewhere, there are only occasional WBCs. The RN provides not just the structural support, but also provide surface for adhesion of the dendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. It allows for exchange of material with blood through the high endothelial venules and provides the growth and regulatory factors necessary for activation and maturation of immune cells[WP].
Lymph nodes that are associated with the lymphatic system have evolved in mammals.[well established][VHOG]
A thin layer of loose connective tissue which lies beneath the epithelium and together with the epithelium constitutes the mucosa[WP]. The lamina propria contains capillaries and a central lacteal (lymph vessel) in the small intestine, as well as lymphoid tissue. Lamina propria also contains glands with the ducts opening on to the mucosal epithelium, that secrete mucus and serous secretions.
Editor notes: need to implement rules such that "lamina propria of X" is classified as part of some "mucosa of X"
The head is the anterior-most division of the body [GO].
Organism subdivision that is the part of the body consisting of the cranial and pharyngeal regions.[AAO]
Organism subdivision which is the part of the body which consists of the cranial and pharygeal regions.[TAO]
Vertebrate evolution has been characterized by a fresh and vast array of cranial structures that collectively form the head.[well established][VHOG]
The fluid surrounding the OVUM and GRANULOSA CELLS in the Graafian follicle ( OVARIAN FOLLICLE). The follicular fluid contains sex steroids, glycoprotein hormones, plasma proteins, mucopolysaccharides, and enzymes.
Follicular fluid is a liquid which fills the follicular antrum and surrounds the ovum in an ovarian follicle. This fluid is rich in hyaluronic acid.
Region of ovarian follicle filled with follicular fluid.
multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and a connective tissue layer.
A multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer.[TAO]
a smooth membrane consisting of a thin layer of cells which excrete serous fluid. Serous membranes line and enclose several body cavities, known as serous cavities, where they secrete a lubricating fluid which reduces friction from muscle movement. Serosa is not to be confused with adventitia, a connective tissue layer which binds together structures rather than reducing friction between them. Each serous membrane is composed of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer underneath. The epithelial layer, known as mesothelium, consists of a single layer of avascular flat nucleated cells (cuboidal epithelium) which produce the lubricating serous fluid. This fluid has a consistency similar to thin mucus. These cells are bound tightly to the underlying connective tissue. The connective tissue layer provides the blood vessels and nerves for the overlying secretory cells, and also serves as the binding layer which allows the whole serous membrane to adhere to organs and other structures.[WP]
in FMA, SM = mesothelium + connective tissue. It excludes the cavity. Serous sac = SM + cavity. Note that the SM is a subtype of wall in FMA.
ganglion on the dorsal root of each spinal nerve that is one of a series of ganglia lodging cell bodies of sensory neurons[BTO]. Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves[..]. one on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve[TFD].
Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves.[TAO]
From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a morphotype of the brain in the earliest craniate stock can be constructed. In marked contrast to cephalochordates, the ancestral craniate morphotype had a plethora of unique features, which included a telencephalon with pallial and subpallial parts, paired olfactory bulbs with substantial projections to most or all of the telencephalic pallium, paired lateral eyes and ears, a lateral line system for both electroreception and mechanoreception, spinal cord dorsal root ganglia, and an autonomic nervous system.[well established][VHOG]
Development notes: The sensory ganglia of spinal nerves arise only from the neural crest, whereas many sensory ganglia of the “dorsal” cranial nerves arise from epibranchial placodes as well as the neural crest[doi: 10.1093/icb/icn065]. Other ontology notes: FMA treats dorsal root ganglion and spinal ganglion as equivalent labels. MA is the only ontology to introduce two classes here (also EHDAA2)
A biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies.
Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system.[AAO]
Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]
Cranial sensory placodes are focused areas of the head ectoderm of vertebrates that contribute to the development of the cranial sense organs and their associated ganglia. Placodes have long been considered a key character of vertebrates, and their evolution is proposed to have been essential for the evolution of an active predatory lifestyle by early vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
TODO - check vert vs invert. Other species: Any of a number of aggregations of neurons, glial cells and their processes, surrounded by a glial cell and connective tissue sheath (plural: ganglia). // Subdivision of neural tree (organ) which primarily consists of cell bodies of neurons located outside the neuraxis (brain and spinal cord); together with a nucleus and its associated nerve, it constitutes a neural tree (organ). Examples: spinal ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, inferior hypogastric (pelvic) ganglion. // a cluster of nerve cells and associated glial cells (nuclear location) // Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system. // Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com).
An eye with one concave chamber. Note that 'simple' does not imply a reduced level of complexity or acuity.
simple eye that consists of a lens of one refractive index
A tubular structure that contains, conveys body fluid, such as blood or lymph.
Muscular duct that propels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, or related organs. In humans, organ with organ cavity which connects the renal sinus to the urinary bladder. Examples: the right and the left ureters.
Anatomical structure consisting of long narrow duct which carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.[AAO]
The duct of amniotes that carries urine from a metanephric kidney to the urinary bladder. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]
The first embryonic hint of a metanephros is the formation of the metanephric duct that appears as a ureteric diverticulum arising at the base of preexisting mesonephric duct. The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes, and the metanephric duct is usually called the ureter.[well established][VHOG]
A tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. In males, the urethra travels through the penis, and carries semen as well as urine. In females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening. The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination.
A tube shaped portion of tissue lined with epithelial cells that collects secretions and routes them to their destination[ZFA].
TODO - make distinctions between duct and tube clearer. Single layer of cells vs multiples? Function (e.g. exocrine gland duct?). Different ontologies use it in different ways (e.g. isa epithelial tube in FBbt). Consider adding duct of gland
A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong].
Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]
Organ component adjacent to an organ cavity and which consists of a maximal aggregate of organ component layers.
Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome.
Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP]. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions[GO].
note that CARO does not include a generic 'organ' class, only simple and compound organ
Organ region with one or more fixed or anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyeball[FMA].
anatomical structure which has as its direct parts two or more types of tissue and is continuous with one or more anatomical structures likewise constituted by two or more portions of tissues distinct from those of their complement. Examples: osteon, cortical bone, neck of femur, bronchopulmonary segment, left lobe of liver, anterior right side of heart, interventricular branch of left coronary artery, right atrium, mitral valve, head of pancreas[FMA].
anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts
The stage of development at which the animal is fully formed, including immaturity and maturity. Includes both juvenile stage, and adult stage.
A stage that is part of the embryo stage.
A life cycle stage that starts with fertilization and ends with the fully formed embryo.
a distinct juvenile stage many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
It is a misunderstanding that the larval form always reflects the group's evolutionary history. It could be the case, but often the larval stage has evolved secondarily, as in insects. In these cases the larval form might differ more from the group's common origin than the adult form[WP]. Uberon includes clade-specific subclasses.
A life stage of some insects undergoing transformation. The pupal stage is found only in holometabolous insects, those that undergo a complete metamorphosis, going through four life stages; embryo, larva, pupa and imago.
An organ segment that is part of a respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition].
Note that MA:0000434 has subclasses upper and lower, so it corresponds to a segment of the tract, rather than the tract as a whole
An anatomical structure that is part of a nervous system [Automatically generated definition].
A capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney[GO].
ZFA - The multi-tissue structure where the glomerular basement membrane supported by mesonephric podocytes filters blood from the glomerular capillaries. TODO - split glomerulus and glomerular tuft? DONE. GUDMAP: 'Together, the Bowman’s capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle.' - here the glomerulus is part of the capsule?
Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements and articular elements that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism.
The surface ectoderm (or external ectoderm forms the following structures: Skin Epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity saliavary glands, and glands of mouth and nasal cavity Enamel - as a side note dentin and dental pulp are formed from ectomesenchyme which is derived from ectoderm Epithelium of pineal and pituitary glands Lens and cornea of the eye Apical ectodermal ridge inducing development of the limb buds of the embryo. Sensory receptors in epidermis [WP,unvetted].
Editor note: merge with non-neural. In vertebrates, the ectoderm has three parts: external ectoderm (also known as surface ectoderm), the neurectoderm (neural crest, and neural tube).
An anatomical structure that develops from the endoderm and the mesoderm.
Grouping term for query purposes. Notes that the developmental relationships are being refined such that most structures should develop in whole from at most one layer, but may have contributions from multiple
mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure
An anatomical structure that develops from the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure
the organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that produces spermatozoa.
By far, sexual reproduction is the more common pattern among living vertebrate forms and its widespread occurrence suggests that it is the plesiomorphic, or primitive, reproductive mode among the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
In mammals, the mesonephros is the second of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the mesonephros will form the mature kidney[GO]. One of three excretory organs that develop in vertebrates. It serves as the main excretory organ of aquatic vertebrates and as a temporary kidney in higher vertebrates. composed of the mesonephric duct (also called the Wolffian duct), mesonephric tubules, and associated capillary tufts. A single tubule and its associated capillary tuft is called a mesonephric excretory unit; these units are similar in structure and function to nephrons of the adult kidney. The mesonephros is derived from intermediate mesoderm in the vertebrate embryo.
A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the middle region of the nephric ridge; a transient embryonic stage that replaces the pronephros, but is itself replaced by the adult metanephros [in mammals; in fishes and amphibians it is the adult kidney]. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.745][VHOG]
Organ that is the definitive adult kidney. It replaces the earlier pronephros, which degenerates as the mesonephros becomes functional in feeding stage tadpoles.[AAO]
As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric duct induces the sequential differentiation of tubules in the more caudal parts of the nephric ridge. (...) Tubules that differentiate in the middle part of the nephric ridge form a kidney called the mesonephros. This kidney functions in the embryos and larvae of all vertebrates. (...) In all vertebrate embryos, the kidney begins with the differentiation of a few renal tubules from the anterior end of the nephric ridge overlying the pericardial cavity. (...) This early-developing embryonic kidney is called the pronephros.[well established][VHOG]
By contrast to the pronephros, the histological features of the mesonephros, with its primitive glomeruli, suggest that it probably functions as a primitive kidney, and is involved in the production of much of the amniotic fluid. Within the two mesonephroi, one located on either side of the dorsal mesentery of the hindgut, a substantial number (in the region of about 40 or more) of cranio-caudally segmented mesonephric tubules are formed. It has, however, been suggested that only the most rostrally located 4-6 pairs of mesonephric tubules drain into the mesonephric portion of the nephric duct. This is now seen to extend along the length of the mesonephroi, being located towards their lateral sides. The mesonephros is also retained over a considerably longer period than the pronephros, but gradually undergoes regression in a cranio-caudal direction. While the rostral part displays clear evidence of regression its more caudal part appears to display evidence of functional activity. Within the medial part of the mesonephros, vesicles are formed, although no glomeruli are formed there in this species. It is, however, difficult to believe that the relatively enormous mesonephroi do not have an excretory role in the mouse, only serving as a base for gonadal differentiation. In the human embryo, the medial part of the mesonephric tubules enlarges, become invaginated by capillaries, and form glomeruli. These then take on an excretory role. In the mouse, the mesonephric ducts appear to be patent throughout their length[GUDMAP] comment: Taxon notes: The mesonephros persists and form the permanent kidneys in fishes and amphibians, but in reptiles, birds, and mammals, it atrophies and for the most part disappears rapidly as the permanent kidney (metanephros) begins to develop during the sixth or seventh week. By the beginning of the fifth month only the ducts and a few of the tubules of the mesonephros remain[WP]
In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine[GO]. During the fifth week of gestation, the mesonephric duct develops an outpouching, the ureteric bud, near its attachment to the cloaca. This bud, also called the metanephrogenic diverticulum, grows posteriorly and towards the head of the embryo. The elongated stalk of the ureteric bud, the metanephric duct, later forms the ureter. As the cranial end of the bud extends into the intermediate mesoderm, it undergoes a series of branchings to form the collecting duct system of the kidney. It also forms the major and minor calyces and the renal pelvis.
A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the posterior region of the nephric ridge and drained by a ureter; replaces the embryonic pronephros and mesonephros [in mammals]. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.745][VHOG]
The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes.[well established][VHOG]
A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros[GO]. Genital ridge that is next to the mesonephros[WP].
Any of the renal tubules composing the mesonephros. In mammals they function as excretory structures during the early embryonic development but are later incorporated into the reproductive system. [TFD][VHOG]
As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric duct induces the sequential differentiation of tubules in the more caudal parts of the nephric ridge. (...) Tubules that differentiate in the middle part of the nephric ridge form a kidney called the mesonephros. This kidney functions in the embryos and larvae of all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
a protrusion from the mesonephric duct during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It later develops into the adult kidney, except for the nephrons, which, in contrast, originate from the metanephric blastema[WP]. epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme[MP]
Outgrowth of the mesonephric duct that penetrates the metanephric mesoderm and forms the ureter, renal pelvis, major and minor calyces and collecting ducts. [Embryology, See_Dudek_RW_and_Fix_JD, Third_Edition_(2004)_Philadelphia:_Lippincott_William_and_Wilkins, p.137][VHOG]
An embryo at an early stage of embryonic development, consisting of cells (called blastomeres) in a solid ball contained within the zona pellucida[WP] The compacted embryo before cavity formation.
A glycoprotein membrane surrounding the plasma membrane of an oocyte. It is a vital constitutive part of the latter, external but not extraneous to it. The zona pellucida first appears in multilaminar primary oocytes.
Outside the plasma membrane, three envelopes surround the ovum. The first, the primary egg envelope, lies between the plasma membrane and the surrounding cells of the ovary. The most consistent component of this primary layer is the vitelline membrane, a transparent jacket of fibrous protein. In mammals, the homologous structure is called the zona pellucida.[well established][VHOG]
Mass of cells inside the primordial embryo that will eventually give rise to the definitive structures of the fetus. This structure forms in the earliest steps of development, before implantation into the endometrium of the uterus has occurred. The ICM lies within the blastocoele (more correctly termed 'blastocyst cavity', as it is not strictly homologous to the blastocoele of anamniote vertebrates) and is entirely surrounded by the single layer of cells called trophoblast.
A group of cells found in the mammalian blastocyst that give rise to the embryo. [Biology_Online][VHOG]
A small sphere of cells known as the inner cell mass lies within the trophoblast (of all eutherian mammals).[well established][VHOG]
embryoblastus; massa cellularis interna; pluriblastus senior
Aggregate of cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the placenta. They are formed during the first stage of pregnancy and are the first cells to differentiate from the fertilized egg.
the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta[MP]
Development notes: The postimplantation derivatives of the trophectoderm, which make up most of the fetal part of the placenta[PMID:19829370]
the epiblast and the hypoblast, evolved from the embryoblast
stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure
In birds, the postnatal stage begins when the beak penetrates the shell (i.e., external pipping) (Brown et al. 1997)
a depression or fissure in the surface of an organ.
Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. [FMA]
Instant starting or ending a life cycle stage. These can be arbitrary/fiat.
An entire span of an organism's life, commencing with the zygote stage and ending in the death of the organism.
A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism.
Editor notes: we map the ZFS unknown stage here as it is logically equivalent to saying *some* life cycle stage
A stage at which the organism is a single cell produced by means of sexual reproduction.
As in all metazoans, eumetazoan development begins with a fertilized egg, or zygote.[well established][VHOG]
The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg; Stage consisting of division of cells in the early embryo. The zygotes of many species undergo rapid cell cycles with no significant growth, producing a cluster of cells the same size as the original zygote. The different cells derived from cleavage are called blastomeres and form a compact mass called the morula. Cleavage ends with the formation of the blastula.
An early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence.
A stage defined by complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
Staged defined by the formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system.
A stage at which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism.
Structure derived from foregut that becomes a lung[GO].
Editors note: clarify successors - include bronchi?
Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of cells connected to each other by cell junctions
A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses.
Anatomical structure consisting of a discrete aggregate of neuronal soma[GO].
do not include NIF_Subcellular:sao1702920020 Nucleus. Proposed CUMBO def from MM: A subcortical part of the nervous system consisting of a relatively compact group of cells that is distinguishable histologically that share a commonality of cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecturel and connectivity. (comments: I put in "subcortical" because I don't think we consider either the cerebellar cortex or cerebral cortex to be nuclei. Some people distinguish between a nucleus and a laminar structure (see Wikipedia definition). However, there are structures identified as nuclei that are laminar, e.g., lateral geniculate nucleus, although they are not laminated in all species. Also, I put in "relatively compact" and "distiguishable by histology" because we have groups of cells, e.g., cholinergic cell groups, doparminergic cell groups that are related on the 3 criteria but which we don't tend to consider nuclei because they don't occupy an easily defined territory. But all is open to debate.
The paired pelvic or ventral fins are located ventrally below the pectoral fins. They are homologous to the hindlimbs of tetrapods. The pelvic fin assists the fish in going up or down through the water, turning sharply, and stopping quickly.
Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body.[TAO]
Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body.[VSAO]
check definition of limb such that is excludes fins. Note the GO includes pectoral and pelvic fins as types of limbs.
Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine.
Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]
The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
MA also has a class MA:0001524 bowel, not clear how this is different. Usage notes: this class is currently very general, encompassing the C elegans 'intestine', which is a tube of epithelial cells extending from the 'pharynx' to 'rectum'. Taxon notes: [in zebrafish] No stomach, small intestine, or large intestine can be distinguished. However, differences can be found in the morphology of the mucosa columnar epithelial cells and the number of goblet cells, suggesting functional differentiation. The intestine has numerous folds that become progressively shorter in a rostral-to-caudal direction. Proportionally, these folds are significantly larger than the finger-like intestinal villi of mammals and other amniotes (Wallace et al. 2005). Columnar-shaped absorptive enterocytes are the most numerous in the zebrafish intestinal epithelium. Goblet cells are the second most populous epithelial cell type.
Anatomical conduit that connects two adjacent body spaces, surrounded by two or more subdivisions of two or more organs. Examples: right atrioventricular orifice, orifice of artery, hilum of kidney, porta hepatis[FMA,modified].
in FMA, this is an anatomical conduit *space*, rather than anatomical conduit
Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures
A common passage for fecal, urinary, and reproductive discharge in most lower vertebrates as well as the terminal end of the hindgut before division into rectum, bladder, and genital primordia in mammalian embryos. [TFD][VHOG]
Anatomical structure which is the common receptacle for the alimentary canal, Wolffian ducts, oviducts, and the bladder.[AAO]
A cloaca is apparently a primitive vertebrate feature because it occurs in most primitive gnathostomes and persists in the embryos of almost all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
Development notes: hindgut endoderm and proctodeal ectoderm. Taxon notes: Human beings only have an embryonic cloaca, which is split up into separate tracts during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs[WP]. Editor notes: adding df link to embryonic cloaca leads to a cycle in uberon-simple, as cloaca is a suberclass of embryonic cloaca
endoderm-lined chamber that develops as pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut and receives the allantois ventrally and two mesonephric ducts laterally; caudally it ends blindly at the cloacal membrane formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm[MP].
Ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females[MP].
The ventral part of the cloaca after its separation from the rectum, giving rise to the lower part of the bladder in both sexes, to the prostatic portion of the male urethra, and to the urethra and vestibule in the female. [TFD][VHOG]
In mammals the lowly monotremes still have a cloaca. Higher types have done away with this structure and have a separate anal outlet for the rectum. The monotreme cloaca shows the initiation of this subdivision. The cloaca has such includes only the distal part, roughly comparable to the proctodeum. The more proximal part is divided into (1) a large dorsal passage into which the intestine opens, the coprodeum, and (2) a ventral portion, the urodeum with which the bladder connects. (...) the development of the placental mammals recapitulates in many respects the phylogenetic story. In the sexually indifferent stage of placental mammal there is a cloaca. While the indifferent stage still persists, a septum develops, and extends out to the closing membrane. This divides the cloaca into two chambers: a coprodeum continuous with the gut above, and a urodeum or urogenital sinus below.[well established][VHOG]
Note that the term "urogenital sinus" may refer to the primitive urogenital sinus present as a transient developmental structure in most mammals or it may refer to a condition in which an unseptated cloaca persists in animals longer than normal[MP]
The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. In vertebrates, this extends to the pharynx and includes teeth, gums, lips, tongue and parts of the palate.
Cavity in which food is initially ingested and generally contains teeth, tongue and glands.[AAO]
Molecular and developmental cell lineage data suggest that the acoel mouth opening is homologous to the mouth of protostomes and deuterostomes and that the last common ancestor of the Bilateria (the 'urbilaterian') had only this single digestive opening.[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: in FMA, the tongue, palate etc are part of the mouth which is itself a subdivision of the face.
The orifice that connects the mouth to the exterio of the body.
(...) mouth development is very similar in protostomes and 'basal' deuterostomes, whereas the chordate mouth seems to develop at a new position. Recent data for echinoderms and hemichordates further suggest that this change in mouth position may result from change in the influence of a conserved ectodermal patterning system on mouth development. It has been suggested that the mouths of vertebrates and urochordates may constitute a 'new' mouth.[well established][VHOG]
Anatomical cavity at the start of the digestive tract that that is enclosed by the mouth. The boundaries and contents vary depending on the species. In vertebrates, the boundaries are the oral opening, the cheeks, the palate and (if present) the palatoglossal arch - if this is not present then the mouth and pharynx form the oropharyngeal cavity. The buccal cavity contains the teeth, tongue and palate (when present)
Anatomical cavity bounded anteriorly by the mouth and posteriorly by the derivatives of the branchial arches.[AAO]
The cavity of the mouth, bounded by the jaw bones and associated structures (muscles and mucosa). [TFD][VHOG]
Echinoderms, hemichordates, and chordates are called deuterostomes because the mouth arises not from the blastopore but from a second invagination at the anterior end of the larva that pushes in to connect with the archenteron.[well established][VHOG]
An organ segment that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition].
Organ that functions in gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms.
Excreta are bodily fluids consisting of waste matter, such as sweat or feces, discharged from the body.
Pleural effusion is a bodily fluid that is produced in exess and accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. Excessive amounts of such fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs during inhalation.
cede to MPATH? Note the ncit class is under finding.
Circulating body substance which consists of blood plasma and hemoglobin-carrying red blood cells. Excludes blood analogues (see UBERON:0000179 haemolymphatic fluid).
A complex mixture of cells suspended in a liquid matrix that delivers nutrients to cells and removes wastes. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]
Highly specialized circulating tissue consisting of several types of cells suspended in a fluid medium known as plasma.[AAO]
relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO]
Recent findings strongly suggest that the molecular pathways involved in the development and function of blood cells are highly conserved among vertebrates and various invertebrates phyla. (...) There is now good reason to believe that, in vertebrates and invertebrates alike, blood cell lineages diverge from a common type of progenitor cell, the hemocytoblast.[well established][VHOG]
Circulating fluid that is part of the hemolymphoid system. Blood, lymph, interstitial fluid or its analogs.
A ridge, generally surrounded by one or more sulci.
Dorsal part (roof region) of the telencephalon[GO].
The mantle of gray matter forming the cerebral cortex. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pallium[TAO]
Taxon notes: In humans the cerebrum has three parts: the archipallium, the paleopallium and the neopallium. The developing telencephalon or forebrain is divided into pallium and subpallium. In amphibians, the cerebrum includes archipallium, paleopallium and some of the basal nuclei. Reptiles first developed a neopallium, which continued to develop in the brains of more recent species to become the neocortex of humans and Old World monkeys. In fish, the archipallium is the largest part of the cerebrum. Some researchers suggest the early archipallium gave rise to the human hippocampus[WP]
Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi by connective tissue. Examples: sutural ligament, radiate sternocostal ligament, ligament of liver, ovarian ligament[FMA].
Portion of connective tissue that connects bone or cartilage.[TAO]
Compared with their Ediacarian predecessor, Cambrian animals in general were characterized by their much stouter bodies. The stoutness of the body is likely due to the formation of ligaments and tendons, which in turn requires the crosslinking of collagen triple helices.[well established][VHOG]
Note this groups both skeletal and non-skeletal ligaments. What is called a "ligament" in many AOs is actually a skeletal ligament
A membrane building the amniotic sac that surrounds and protects an embryo. It is developed in reptiles, birds, and mammals, which are hence called “Amniota”; but not in amphibians and fish (Ichthyopsida), which are consequently termed “Anamniota”. The primary function of this is the protection of the embryo for its development. It stems from parts of the mesoderm on the outer side and the ectoderm on the inner side[WP].
A thin but tough extraembryonic membrane of reptiles, birds and mammals that lines the chorion and contains the fEtus and the amniotic fluid around it. [Biology_Online][VHOG]
Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes of reptiles and birds appear in mammals: amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.[well established][VHOG]
Organism at the blastula stage - an early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence.
TODO - check relationship with epiblast. Note in FMA this is not a subclass of embryo, but in uberon embryo is the whole organism from zygote onwards and thus includes the blastula
The breast is the upper ventral region of an animal's torso, particularly that of mammals, including human beings. The breasts of a female primate’s body contain the mammary glands, which secrete milk used to feed infants. Both men and women develop breasts from the same embryological tissues. However, at puberty female sex hormones, mainly estrogens, promote breast development, which does not happen with men. As a result women's breasts become more prominent than men's. [WP,unvetted].
TODO - check fetus/embryo. WP: An embryo is a multicellular diploid eukaryote in its earliest stage of development, from the time of first cell division until birth, hatching, or germination. In humans, it is called an embryo until about eight weeks after fertilization (i.e. ten weeks LMP), and from then it is instead called a fetus.
any of the branched tubules in the inner lining of the stomach that secrete gastric juice and protective mucus.
The enlarged basal part of a hair within the skin[BTO]. The root of the hair ends in an enlargement, the hair bulb, which is whiter in color and softer in texture than the shaft, and is lodged in a follicular involution of the epidermis called the hair follicle. [Wikipedia].
A lining of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which is involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. It is at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and gland is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus[WP]
AO notes: FMA has mucosa vs region of mucosa; these are subtypes of Mucosa: Mucosa of gallbladder, tongue, .... The following are subtypes of Region of mucosa: Mucosa of zone of stomach, trachea, bronchus, dorsum of tongue.... Depends on whether the covered area is an organ or organ component. Uberon does not regard organ vs organ component as crucial distinction and thus collapses these into a single class deliberately
A set of midline structures surrounding the brainstem of the mammalian brain, originally described anatomically, e.g., hippocampal formation, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate cortex. Although the original designation was anatomical, the limbic system has come to be associated with the system in the brain subserving emotional functions. As such, it is very poorly defined and doesn't correspond closely to the anatomical meaning any longer. [BirnLex]. including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, and limbic cortex, which support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, long term memory, and olfaction [Wikipedia].
obsoletion recommended. The current part_of children were chosen as the intersection of what is stated in wikipedia and in the FMA. NIF: We are including Limbic System because it is still used by neuroscientists and others, but as a data annotation term, it is very poor because it is not a clearly defined entity.
functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues. Early in development the mammalian embryo has three distinct layers: ectoderm (external layer), endoderm (internal layer) and in between those two layers the middle layer or mesoderm. The parenchyma of most organs is of ectodermal (brain, skin) or endodermal origin (lungs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas). The parenchyma of a few organs (spleen, kidneys, heart) is of mesodermal origin. The stroma of all organs is of mesodermal origin[WP].
A mucosa that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition].
The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm[GO].
Editor's note: Gilbert fig11.32 has blastocyst has giving rise to ICM and trophoblast (which in this source is a synonym for trophectoderm)
The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids. Blood enters into the kidney via the renal artery, which then splits up to form the arcuate arterioles. The arcuate arterioles each in turn branch into interlobular arterioles, which finally reach the glomeruli. At the glomerulus the blood reaches a highly disfavourable pressure gradient and a large exchange surface area, which forces the serum portion of the blood out of the vessel into the renal tubules. Flow continues through the renal tubules, including the proximal tubule, the Loop of Henle, and finally leaves the kidney by means of the collecting duct, leading to the renal ureter. The renal medulla (latin renes medulla = kidney middle) contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. The renal medulla is hypertonic to the filtrate in the nephron and aids in the reabsorption of water. [WP,unvetted].
The urothelium is the epithelial tissue layer that lines much of the urinary tract, including the renal pelvis, the ureters, the bladder, and parts of the urethra.
consider merging with transitional epithelium. MA uses the label 'urothelium' exclusively. FMA uses 'transitional epithelium' and has 'urothelium' as a sibling. FMA also lists 'urothelium' as the only example of 'transitional epithelium'
In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb. The single bone in the thigh is called the femur. This bone is very thick and strong (due to the high proportion of cortical bone), and forms a ball and socket joint at the hip, and a condylar joint at the knee. [WP,unvetted].
Segment of the forearm corresponding to the humerus.[AAO]
Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]
Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here
A mucosa that is part of a respiratory airway.
Anatomical system that consists of all the muscles of the body[VSAO, modified].
Anatomical system that consists of the muscles of the body.[VSAO]
AO notes: we place the MA term musculature here, rather than under uberon:musculature, as this seems more appropriate given the structure of MA
The nasal vestibule is the most anterior part of the nasal cavity. It's enclosed by the cartilages of nose and lined by the same epithelium of the skin. The other part of the nasal cavity, which is lined by the respiratory epithelium, is called nasal cavity proper. [WP,unvetted].
The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendonous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).
A plexus of autonomic nerve fibers within the wall of the digestive tube, and made up of the submucosal, myenteric, and subserosal plexuses; it contains visceral afferent fibers, sympathetic postganglionic fibers, parasympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic fibers, and parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies.
A small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, generally having a mechanical function, and usually but not necessarily composed of dense collagenous tissue. On histological section, a trabecula can look like a septum, but in three dimensions they are topologically distinct, with trabeculae being roughly rod or pillar-shaped and septa being sheet-like.. Trabeculae are usually composed of dense fibrous tissue, i.e. mainly of collagen, and in most cases provide mechanical strengthening or stiffening to a soft solid organ, such as the spleen. They can be composed of other materials, such as bone or muscle[WP].
introducing part_of to 'cortex of lymph node' as in issue 7 introduces equivalencies; the part_of has instead been added to 'lymph node follicle'
Subdivision of the telencephalon on the midline between the lateral ventricles which contains the septum pellucidum and the septal nuclei[FMA].
Body substance in a liquid or semisolid state produced by an exocrine gland. Example: saliva, sebum, blood, plasma, semen, urine.
AO notes: BTO has two distunct classes, with exocrine glandular secretion a subtype of secretion - however, all examples in BTO directly under secretion appear to be exocrine gland secretions
1. The mucous membrane lining the canal of the cervix uteri. 2. The region of the opening of the uterine cervix into the uterine cavity.
An anatomical wall that is part of a uterus [Automatically generated definition].
Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body.
Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures.
Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity[CARO]. A group of organs that work together to perform a certain task [Wikipedia].
Anatomical group that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[TAO]
Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[AAO]
Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[CARO]
Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell.
Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species.[TAO]
TODO - split body and mc organism? body continues after death stage
Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell.
todo - move metadata to GO and obsolete this class. Note the inconsistency between the usage of the label 'cell component' in GO and CARO
Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ.
gonad of a male animal, produces and releases sperm.
Either of paired male reproductive organs which are involved in the production of sperm and male sex hormones.[AAO]
(...) while it is likely that Urbilateria lacked a complex somatic reproductive system, it is at present impossible to speculate on whether or not it possessed a true gonad, let alone any other somatic adaptations for reproduction (reference 1); Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved (reference 2).[uncertain][VHOG]
gonad of male organism reproductive system
gonad of reproductive system of male organism
gonada of male organism reproductive system
gonada of reproductive system of male organism
male organism reproductive system gonada
reproductive system of male organism gonad
reproductive system of male organism gonada
The organs of the female reproductive system.
Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism.
Editor note: revise after CARO2. todo - check the inclusion of FMA 'cardinal body part here', and check child terms for consistency
Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue.
Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or tissue.[AAO]
Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another.
Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo.
see also conceptus extraembryonic component in EHDAA2. Note that the FBbt class is *not* placed here until the tracker issue is resolved.
Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships.
This class was sourced from CARO, which was initially sourced from FMA. Nomenclature changes have been made. Note also AEO introduces a class AEO:0000013 'single-cell tissue'
Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue.
Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types.
Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. Examples: simple squamous epithelium, glandular cuboidal epithelium, transitional epithelium, myoepithelium[CARO].
Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[AAO]
Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[CARO]
Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[TAO]
The two basic types of metazoan tissue are epithelial and connective. The simplest metazoans, and developmental stages of many primitive invertebrates, consist solely of these two layers. Thus, epithelial and connective tissues may be the primary (original) tissues of metazoans, and both are important in the functional organization of animals.[well established][VHOG]
Unilaminar epithelium, which consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Examples: ciliated columnar epithelium, gastric epithelium, microvillus columnar epithelium.[FMA]
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[AAO]
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[CARO]
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[TAO]
Epithelium which consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells that may or may not be in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, ciliated stratified columnar epithelium.[FMA]
Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[AAO]
Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[CARO]
Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[TAO]
Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA]
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[AAO]
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[CARO]
Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[TAO]
Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces.
Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA]
Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[AAO]
Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[CARO]
Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[TAO]
AO/editor notes: consider adding disjointness axiom between unilaminar and multilaminar - but note that this will render EHDAA2:0003244 (chorionic trophoblast) unsatisfiable
Interstitial fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of a solution which bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals. It is the main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid.
Organismal subdivision of body that lies between the head and the abdomen [Wikipedia].
Usage notes: note that we use the slightly verbose term 'thoracic segment of trunk' to avoid confusuon with insect thorax. todo - taxonomic constraints. Also, in FMA 'thorax' is a synonym for chest
In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen (belly) constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity.
Taxon notes: Vertebrate specific. In arthropods 'abdomen' is the most distal section of the body which lies behind the thorax or cephalothorax. If need be we can introduce some grouping class
Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant.
Obsoleted in ZFA. Note that embryo is not classified as an embryonic structure - an embryonic structure is only the parts of an embryo
A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The three types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm.
The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]
Classically the germ layers are ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Alternatively: primary = ectoderm, endoderm; secondary=mesoderm; tertiary=dorsal mesoderm, NC[UBERONREF:0000002]
Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.
Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryonic germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.[AAO]
Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut.
This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies
The middle germ layer of the embryo, between the endoderm and ectoderm.
Primary germ layer that is the middle of the embryonic germ layers.[AAO]
Taxon notes: sponges do not seem to have a mesoderm and accordingly Amphimedon lacks transcription factors involved in mesoderm development (Fkh, Gsc, Twist, Snail)[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v466/n7307/full/nature09201.html]. Mesoderm may not be homologous across verteberates[UBERONREF:0000002]
Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth[ZFA]. In humans, a depression between the brain and the pericardium in an embryo, and is the precursor of the mouth and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The stomodeum is lined by ectoderm, and is separated from the anterior end of the fore-gut by the buccopharyngeal membrane. This membrane is devoid of mesoderm, being formed by the apposition of the stomodeal ectoderm with the fore-gut endoderm; at the end of the third week it disappears, and thus a communication is established between the mouth and the future pharynx[WP]. The anterior part of the embryonic digestive system deriving from the stomodeal invagination of the ectoderm[FBbt].
Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth.[TAO]
Editor note: consider indicating location. e.g. anterior. Note some AOs place this as part of oral opening, but it's not clear when this structure comes into existence. Taxon note: This class groups together disparate structures as all being the anterior part of the early metazoan digestive tract and precursor of the mouth. However, the developmental processes vary, so this class may be split in future. E.g. in mammals it is a rostral depression surrounded by prominences. Outgrowth of the prominences produces a stomodeal cavity.
Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage[ZFA]. A proctodeum is the back ectodermal part of an alimentary canal. It is created during embryogenesis by a folding of the outer body wall[WP].
An inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage.[TAO]
Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage.[AAO]
removed WBbt:0006795 - junction between the alimentary and genital tracts in the male.
The pair of closely united ventral longitudinal nerves with their segmental ganglia that is characteristic of many elongate invertebrates (as earthworms)[BTO]. A large process bundle that runs along the vental mid-line extending from the ventral region of the nerve ring[WB]. The ventral cord is one of the distinguishing traits of the central nervous system of all arthropods (such as insects, crustaceans and arachnids) as well as many other invertebrates, such as the annelid worms[GO].
The ventral nerve cords make up the nervous system of some phyla of the invertebrates, particularly within the nematodes, annelids and the arthropods. It usually consists of cerebral ganglia anteriorly with the nerve cords running down the ventral ('belly', as opposed to back) plane of the organism. This characteristic is important in qualifying the difference compared to the chordates, which have a dorsal nerve cord. Ventral nerve cords from anterior to posterior (the thoracic and abdominal tagma in the arthropods) are made up of segmented ganglia that are connected by a tract of nerve fibers passing from one side to the other of the nerve cord called commissures. The complete system bears some likeness to a rope ladder. In some animals the bilateral ganglia are fused into a single large ganglion per segment. This characteristic is found mostly in the insects.
Rounded band of white fibers crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct. It is important in the bilateral pupillary light reflex. Its fibers acquire their medullary sheaths early, but their connections have not been definitely determined. Most of them have their origin in a nucleus, the nucleus of the posterior commissure (nucleus of Darkschewitsch), which lies in the central gray substance of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct, in front of the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve. Some are probably derived from the posterior part of the thalamus and from the superior colliculus, whereas others are believed to be continued downward into the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The posterior commissure interconnects the pretectal nuclei, mediating the consensual pupillary light reflex[WP].Diencephalic tract which is located in the vicinity of the dorsal diencephalon and mesencephalon and connects the pretectal nuclei. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain[ZFA].
AO notes: part_of brainstem in MA; midbrain tectum in NIF
An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium.
Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]
It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa -- Stomach#In_other_animals
Artery carrying blood from the heart to all the organs and other structures of the body, bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation
The main artery of the circulatory system which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all the arteries of the body except those of the lungs.[AAO]
When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: This class is currently a mixed bag, encompassing (1) the entirety of the mammalian aorta together with (2) the developmental and phylogenetic homologs of its segments: the ventral aorta and dorsal aortae. Taxon notes: All amniotes have a broadly similar arrangement to that of humans, albeit with a number of individual variations. In fish, however, there are two separate vessels referred to as aortas. The ventral aorta carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the gills; part of this vessel forms the ascending aorta in tetrapods (the remainder forms the pulmonary artery). A second, dorsal aorta carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body, and is homologous with the descending aorta of tetrapods. The two aortas are connected by a number of vessels, one passing through each of the gills. Amphibians also retain the fifth connecting vessel, so that the aorta has two parallel arches[WP].
a myogenic muscular organ found in the cardiovascular system. It is responsible for pumping blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. The vertebrate heart is composed of cardiac muscle, which is an involuntary striated muscle tissue found only in this organ, and connective tissue. Primitive fish have a four-chambered heart; however, the chambers are arranged sequentially so that this primitive heart is quite unlike the four-chambered hearts of mammals and birds. The first chamber is the sinus venosus, which collects de-oxygenated blood, from the body, through the hepatic and cardinal veins. From here, blood flows into the atrium and then to the powerful muscular ventricle where the main pumping action takes place. The fourth and final chamber is the conus arteriosus which contains several valves and sends blood to the ventral aorta. The ventral aorta delivers blood to the gills where it is oxygenated and flows, through the dorsal aorta, into the rest of the body. (In tetrapods, the ventral aorta has divided in two; one half forms the ascending aorta, while the other forms the pulmonary artery. In the adult fish, the four chambers are not arranged in a straight row but, instead, form an S-shape with the latter two chambers lying above the former two. This relatively simpler pattern is found in cartilaginous fish and in the more primitive ray-finned fish. In teleosts, the conus arteriosus is very small and can more accurately be described as part of the aorta rather than of the heart proper. The conus arteriosus is not present in any amniotes which presumably having been absorbed into the ventricles over the course of evolution. Similarly, while the sinus venosus is present as a vestigial structure in some reptiles and birds, it is otherwise absorbed into the right atrium and is no longer distinguishable[WP].
Blood pumping organ composed of four chambers: sinus venosus, atrium, cardiac ventricle and bulbus arteriosus.[TAO]
Part of the circulatory system responsible for pumping blood; composed of three chambers--two atria and one ventricle.[AAO]
relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]
As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[well established][VHOG]
note that we use the term 'circulatory organ' for the generic class. Taxon notes:" the ascidian tube-like heart lacks chambers....The ascidian heart is formed after metamorphosis as a simple tube-like structure with a single-layered myoepi- thelium that is continuous with a single-layered pericar- dial wall. It lacks chambers and endocardium.... The innovation of the chambered heart was a key event in vertebrate evolution, because the chambered heart generates one-way blood flow with high pressure, a critical requirement for the efficient blood supply of large-body vertebrates... all extant vertebrates have hearts with two or more chambers (Moorman and Christoffels 2003)" doi:10.1101/gad.1485706
Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce endocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity.
Anatomical system containing glands which regulates bodily functions though the secretion of hormones.[AAO]
Multicellular organisms have complex endocrine systems, allowing responses to environmental stimuli, regulation of development, reproduction, and homeostasis. Nuclear receptors (NRs), a metazoan-specific family of ligand-activated transcription factors, play central roles in endocrine responses, as intermediates between signaling molecules and target genes. The NR family includes ligand-bound and orphan receptors, that is, receptors with no known ligand or for which there is no ligand Pocket. Understanding NR evolution has been further improved by comparison of several completed genomes, particularly those of deuterostomes and ecdysozoans. In contrast, evolution of NR ligands is still much debated. One hypothesis proposes that several independent gains and losses of ligand-binding ability in NRs occurred in protostomes and deuterostomes. A second hypothesis, pertaining to the NR3 subfamily (vertebrate steroid hormone receptors and estrogen related receptor), proposes that before the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes, there was an ancestral steroid receptor (AncSR) that was ligand-activated and that orphan receptors secondarily lost the ability to bind a ligand. (...) Our analysis reveals that steroidogenesis has been independently elaborated in the 3 main bilaterian lineages (...).[well established][VHOG]
The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals.[1] Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP].
Cavitated compound organ which is comprised of gray and white matter and surrounds the cerebral ventricular system.[TAO]
Part of the central nervous system situated within the cranium and composed of both nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers.[AAO]
(...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
The cerebral cortex is a structure within the brain that plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. It constitutes the outermost layer of the cerebrum. In preserved brains, it has a grey color, hence the name 'grey matter'. Grey matter is formed by neurons and their unmyelinated fibers, whereas the white matter below the grey matter of the cortex is formed predominantly by myelinated axons interconnecting different regions of the central nervous system. The human cerebral cortex is 2–4 mm (0.08–0.16 inches) thick. The surface of the cerebral cortex is folded in large mammals, such that more than two-thirds of the cortical surface is buried in the grooves, called 'sulci. ' The phylogenetically most recent part of the cerebral cortex, the neocortex, also called isocortex, is differentiated into six horizontal layers; the more ancient part of the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus (also called archicortex), has at most three cellular layers, and is divided into subfields. Relative variations in thickness or cell type (among other parameters) allow us to distinguish between different neocortical architectonic fields. The geometry of at least some of these fields seems to be related to the anatomy of the cortical folds, and, for example, layers in the upper part of the cortical ridges seem to be more clearly differentiated than in its deeper parts. [WP,unvetted].
Migration of neurons from the basal or striatal portions of the anterior part of the neural tube occurs to varying degrees in different vertebrate classes, but a true cerebral cortex is generally acknowledged to have made its first appearance in reptiles. The definition can be unambiguous, since 'cortex' simply implies the existence of a surface neuronal layer with an overlying 'zonal lamina' or 'molecular' layer containing dendrites and axons, which is separated from the underlying basal 'matrix' by white matter. Although reptilian cerebral cortex does indeed fulfill these conditions in certain locations, the separation from striatal structures is often indistinct, so that it may even be argued that some primitive dipnoans possess a pallium or cortex. Nevertheless, an extensive laminated layer separated by underlying white matter is well represented only in reptiles and mammals.[well established][VHOG]
Middle part of an organ (as opposed to the cortex)[WP].
This class is used in a very general sense
transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Together with the lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power.
Taxon notes: Compared to terrestial animals, the cornea [of zebrafish] is relatively flat. It consists of nonpigmented, stratified squamous nonkeratinizing epithelial cells, attached to a thick basement membrane that is considered to be analogous to the Bowman’s membrane in mammals
Transparent part of camera-type eye that helps to refract light to be focused on the retina.
Taxon notes: This class excludes compound eye corneal lenses.
The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates.
The portion of the eye developing from the optic primordium and including the neural retina and the retinal pigment layer. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Currently this class encompasses only verteberate AOs but could in theory also include cephalopod - we may want to make a more specific class for vertebrate retina. note that this class excludes ommatidial retinas, as the retina must be part of an eyeball. Use the parent class photoreceptor array / light-sensitive tissue for arthropods
Usage notes: This class encompasses a variety of light-detecting structures from different phyla with no implication of homology, from the compound insect eye to the vertebrate camera-type eye (distinct classes are provided for each). Structure notes: Note that whilst this is classified as an organ, it is in fact more of a unit composed of different structures: in Drosophila, it includes the interommatidial bristle as a part; we consider here the vertebrate eye to include the eyeball/eye proper as a part, with the eye having as parts (when present): eyelids, conjuctiva,
Subdivision of body proper, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the cervical vertebral coumn, it is partially surrounded by skin of neck. Examples: There is only one neck[FMA].
Usage notes: true necks are considered to be present when the pectoral girdle is separate from the skull - Tiktaalik is the earliest known fish to have a true neck.
A midventral endochondral skeletal element which represents the origin site of the pectoral muscles[PHENOSCAPE:ad].
Single element that constitutes the postzonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]
relationship loss: part_of postzonal element (AAO:0000938)[AAO]
Fishes lack a sternum. (...) A sternum is absent in the first fossil tetrapods, but it is present in modern amphibians. (...) Thus, a sternum occurs in some modern amphibians, birds, mammals and archosaurs. However, its absence in the common ancestors to these groups means that it has arisen independently several times within the field of the midventral connective tissue.[well established][VHOG]
Development notes: While its developmental origins are similar to the ribs (from the myospetum and septum of the trunk region), it is often associated with the pectoral skeleton, due to both function and physical connections (i.e. the coracoid of archosaurs). It may be a single element or a series of smaller structure (sternebrae). Based on Kardong 2012. [ad]. Editor note: in EMAPA and EHDAA2 this is part of the skeleton of pectoral girdle; the classic def of pectoral girdle (see WP) excludes the rib cage and sternum. Taxon notes: It probably first evolved in early tetrapods as an extension of the pectoral girdle; it is not found in fish. In amphibians and reptiles it is typically a shield-shaped structure, often composed entirely of cartilage. It is absent in both turtles and snakes. In birds it is a relatively large bone and typically bears an enormous projecting keel to which the flight muscles are attached. Only in mammals does the sternum take on the elongated, segmented form seen in humans. In some mammals, such as opossums, the individual segments never fuse and remain separated by cartilagenous plates throughout life[WP]
The delicate serous membrane that lines each half of the thorax of mammals and is folded back over the surface of the lung of the same side[BTO].
The serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the pleural cavity. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.264][VHOG]
In mouse, is_a cavity lining. In FMA, is_a (viscous) serous membrane (which includes mesothelium plus connective tissue). Note the MA structure should probably be associated with the mesothelium of pleura in FMA. JB/EHDAA2 argues the term 'pleura' is best used for the mesothelial lining (thus excluding connective tissue). See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/86
The portion of the hindlimb that contains both the stylopod and zeugopod.
The term leg can mean: [1] an appendage on which an animal walks [2] the entire hindlimb of a tetrapod [3] the segment of a human leg between knee and ankle (cf FMA) [4] the region of a hindlimb include the stylopod and zeugopod, but excluding the autopod. We define this class as [4], and thus 'leg' is compltely analagous to 'arm'. For [1], see the class 'locomotive weight-bearing appendage'. For [2] we use 'hindlimb'. For [3] we use the less open to misinterpretation 'hindlimb zeugopod'. Editor note: currently declared as overlapping foot, as AOs disagree over whether some ankle parts are in the leg or foot
The major preaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape].
One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a straight, simple bone whose section is more or less rectangular at the ends and circular at its central portion.[AAO]
Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium skeleton.[VSAO, modified].
Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium.[VSAO]
Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that form the thighs, extending from the pelvic girdles to the knees.[AAO]
homologous to proximal metapterygial mesomere of pelvic appendage [Hall 2007].
Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue[VSAO].
Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[VSAO]
Anatomical cluster which consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[TAO]
A metapodium region that is part of a pes.
Note that mammalian and non-mammalian AOs differ in whether they consider this a part of the skeleton
Brainstrem structure that has as its parts the pontine tegmentum and basal part of pons[FMA].
The part of the central nervous system lying between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain, ventral to the cerebellum. [TFD][VHOG]
During the embryonic development of birds and mammals, neuroblasts migrate from the cerebellum into the ventral part of the rhombencephalon and differentiate into pontine and other nuclei, which relay information from between the cerebrum and cerebellum, and a conspicuous band of transverse fibers. This region is known as the pons. A pons does not differentiate in reptiles and anamniotes (...).[well established][VHOG]
The pons is not present in zebrafish. In this ontology we currently have some structures which are applicable to zebrafish appearing as parts of the pons. Currently we only include the weaker dubious_for_taxon relationship ubtil this is resolved
The penis (plural penises, penes) is an external sexual organ of certain biologically male organisms, in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The penis is a reproductive organ, technically an intromittent organ, and for placental mammals, additionally serves as the external organ of urination. The penis is generally found on mammals and reptiles. [WP,unvetted].
Most male birds (e.g., roosters and turkeys) have a cloaca (also present on the female), but not a penis. Among bird species with a penis are paleognathes (tinamous and ratites), Anatidae (ducks, geese and swans), and a very few other species (such as flamingoes). A bird penis is different in structure from mammal penises, being an erectile expansion of the cloacal wall and being erected by lymph, not blood. It is usually partially feathered and in some species features spines and brush-like filaments, and in flaccid state curls up inside the cloaca[WP]
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction.
Anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues associated with sexual reproduction of the organism.[AAO]
Arguably, one of the most important aspects of urbilaterian organogenesis would have been gonadogenesis, since Urbilateria must have successfully generated gametes and developed a strategy for extrusion and fertilization, in order to be the ancestor of all living Bilateria.[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: consider splitting genitalia from reproductive system
Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis).
Anatomical structure which produces gametes as well as certain sex hormones controlled by the pituitary gonadotropins.[AAO]
The part of the reproductive system that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis).[TAO]
Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved.[uncertain][VHOG]
Ovum-producing female reproductive organ.
Either of paired female reproductive organs involved in production of ova and female sex hormones.[AAO]
relationship type change: subclass gonad (TAO:0000413) CHANGED TO: develops_from gonad (UBERON:0000991)[TAO]
female organism reproductive system gonad
female organism reproductive system gonada
gonad of female organism reproductive system
gonad of reproductive system of female organism
gonada of female organism reproductive system
gonada of reproductive system of female organism
reproductive system of female organism gonad
reproductive system of female organism gonada
Ovaries of some kind are found in the female reproductive system of many animals that employ sexual reproduction, including invertebrates. However, they develop in a very different way in most invertebrates than they do in vertebrates, and are not truly homologous. Many of the features found in human ovaries are common to all vertebrates, including the presence of follicular cells, tunica albuginea, and so on. However, many species produce a far greater number of eggs during their lifetime than do humans, so that, in fish and amphibians, there may be hundreds, or even millions of fertile eggs present in the ovary at any given time. In these species, fresh eggs may be developing from the germinal epithelium throughout life. Corpora lutea are found only in mammals, and in some elasmobranch fish; in other species, the remnants of the follicle are quickly resorbed by the ovary. In birds, reptiles, and monotremes, the egg is relatively large, filling the follicle, and distorting the shape of the ovary at maturity. Amphibians and reptiles have no ovarian medulla; the central part of the ovary is a hollow, lymph-filled space. The ovary of teleosts is also often hollow, but in this case, the eggs are shed into the cavity, which opens into the oviduct. Although most normal female vertebrates have two ovaries, this is not the case in all species. In birds and platypuses, the right ovary never matures, so that only the left is functional. In some elasmobranchs, the reverse is true, with only the right ovary fully developing. In the primitive jawless fish, and some teleosts, there is only one ovary, formed by the fusion of the paired organs in the embryo[WP].
passage from the ovaries to the outside of the body[Wikipedia:Oviduct].
A passage through which ova leave the maternal body or pass to an organ communicating with the exterior of the body. [TFD][VHOG]
In all remaining vertebrates (i.e., coelacanths, lungfishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals), the oviduct arises in ontogeny as a longitudinal, groovelike invagination of the coelomic epithelium on the lateral surface of the mesonephros.[well established][VHOG]
Usage notes: sometimes oviduct is used interchangeably with follaopian tube. Here they are different - the oviduct connects the gonad to the outside in a variety of animals. The mammal-class fallopian tube is derived from the mullerian duct and connects the gonads to the uterus. Taxon notes: in birds divided into infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus, and vagina
a major female hormone-responsive reproductive sex organ of most mammals including humans. One end, the cervix, opens into the vagina, while the other is connected to one or both fallopian tubes, depending on the species. It is within the uterus that the fetus develops during gestation, usually developing completely in placental mammals such as humans and partially in marsupials such as kangaroos and opossums. Two uteruses usually form initially in a female fetus, and in placental mammals they may partially or completely fuse into a single uterus depending on the species. In many species with two uteruses, only one is functional. Humans and other higher primates such as chimpanzees, along with horses, usually have a single completely fused uterus, although in some individuals the uteruses may not have completely fused[WP].
The hollow muscular organ in female mammals in which the blastocyst normally becomes embedded and in which the developing embryo and fetus is nourished. Its cavity opens into the vagina below and into a uterine tube on either side. [TFD][VHOG]
An infundibulum, uterine tube, uterus, and vagina also differentiate along the oviducts of eutherian mammals.[well established][VHOG]
Most animals that lay eggs, such as birds and reptiles, have an oviduct instead of a uterus. In monotremes, mammals which lay eggs and include the platypus, either the term uterus or oviduct is used to describe the same organ, but the egg does not develop a placenta within the mother and thus does not receive further nourishment after formation and fertilization. Marsupials have two uteruses, each of which connect to a lateral vagina and which both use a third, middle "vagina" which functions as the birth canal. Marsupial embryos form a choriovitelline "placenta" (which can be thought of as something between a monotreme egg and a "true" placenta), in which the egg's yolk sac supplies a large part of the embryo's nutrition but also attaches to the uterine wall and takes nutrients from the mother's bloodstream.
a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles[WP].
Organ with organ cavity which connects the cervical canal of uterus to the vestibule of vagina.[FMA]
The genital canal in the female, leading from the opening of the vulva to the cervix of the uterus. [TFD][VHOG]
The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as a vagina in Metatheria and Eutheria.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes (via vHOG): "The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as a vagina in Metatheria and Eutheria." Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.688
external genital organs of the female mammal[WP].
The external genital organs of the female, including the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vestibule of the vagina. [TFD][VHOG]
Either of a pair of glandular pouches that lie one on either side of the male reproductive tract and in the human male secrete a sugar- and protein-containing fluid into the ejaculatory duct.
Either of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra. [TFD][VHOG]
(In mammalian testis) Along the way (the sperm travel), three accessory sex glands, the seminal vesicle, prostate, and bulbourethral (Cowper's) gland, respectively, add their secretions as sperm move from the testes to the urethra.[well established][VHOG]
Function notes: The seminal vesicles secrete a significant proportion of the fluid that ultimately becomes semen. Lipofuscin granules from dead epithelial cells give the secretion its yellowish color. About 50-70%[2] of the seminal fluid in humans originates from the seminal vesicles, but is not expelled in the first ejaculate fractions which are dominated by spermatozoa and zinc-rich prostatic fluid.
The Ejaculatory ducts (ductus ejaculatorii) are paired structures in male anatomy, about 2 cm in length. Each ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle. They pass through the prostate, and empty into the urethra at the Colliculus seminalis. During ejaculation, semen passes through the ducts and exits the body via the penis[WP,unvetted].
duct that transports sperm from the testis. In mammals this is from the epididymis.
The continuation of the archinephric duct, now called the deferent duct, extends caudally to the cloaca or to the part of the mammalian urethra that is derived from the cloaca.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes (from WP): Most vertebrates have some form of duct to transfer the sperm from the testes to the urethra. In cartilaginous fish and amphibians, sperm is carried through the archinephric duct, which also partially helps to transport urine from the kidneys. In teleosts, there is a distinct sperm duct, separate from the ureters, and often called the vas deferens, although probably not truly homologous with that in humans. In cartilaginous fishes, the part of the archinephric duct closest to the testis is coiled up to form an epididymis. Below this are a number of small glands secreting components of the seminal fluid. The final portion of the duct also receives ducts from the kidneys in most species. In amniotes, however, the archinephric duct has become a true vas deferens, and is used only for conducting sperm, never urine. As in cartilaginous fish, the upper part of the duct forms the epididymis. In many species, the vas deferens ends in a small sac for storing sperm. The only vertebrates to lack any structure resembling a vas deferens are the primitive jawless fishes, which release sperm directly into the body cavity, and then into the surrounding water through a simple opening in the body wall.
The outer layer of the skin[WP]. cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm[ZFA].
A cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm. Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]
The outer epithelial layer of the external integument of the body that is derived from the embryonic epiblast.[AAO]
relationship loss: subclass external integument structures (AAO:0000961)[AAO]
(...) outer epithelia in all metazoan animals are homologous. (...) The ancestor of all metazoans likely had an epidermis with a basal extracellular matrix (ECM), an apical extracellular glycocalyx, and one cilium with a striated rootlet per cell.[well established][VHOG]
Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. In terrestrial vertebrates the epidermis often forms an outer keratinized or cornified layer, the stratum corneum. Interaction between the epideris and dermis gives rise to feathers (birds), hair and mammary glands (mammals), teeth and scales (placoid: chondrichthyans; cosmoids, ganoid, cycloid in bony fishes).
Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration.
The anatomical system in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the organism and its environment.[AAO]
There is no doubt that the primitive pattern of vertebrate air-breathing is the buccal pulse pump found in actinopterygian fishes.[well established][VHOG]
An airway through which respiratory air passes in organisms.
This class generically groups trachea and analagous structures throughout metazoa. Consider renaming, as the term could be taken to mean lumen of tracheal system (e.g. in SNOMED)
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes.
An anatomical system consisting of the alimentary canal and digestive glands responsible for intake, absorption, digestion and excretion of food.[AAO]
note that many anatomy ontologies consider gastrointestinal system synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class
The excretory system is the system of an organism that mainly performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes. It is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by the processes that maintain homeostasis.
An anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues which produce, store, and excrete urine.[AAO]
Evolution of vertebrate renal anatomy appears quite conservative when compared, for example, to evolution of respiratory and cardiovascular systems in vertebrates. Major anatomical changes in vertebrates kidneys separate those of birds and mammals from kidneys of lower vertebrates. General increase in animal size from fish to mammals is reflected by an increase in total number of nephrons per kidney, rather than by constant change in tubular dimensions.[well established][VHOG]
In various sources such as Encyclopedia Britannica, the excretory and urinary systems are indeed the same system (see wikipedia talk page); we merge two BTO classes here
organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP].
Anatomical system of ion binding, a pumping mechanism, and an efficient vascular system; consisting of the blood, heart, and blood and lymph vessels, respectively.[AAO]
We should divest ourselves of the view that earlier vertebrate groups were 'on their way' to becoming mammals, as clearly they were not such visionaries. Neither were their systems 'imperfect' as earlier anatomists thought. Instead, their circulatory systems served them well to address the ecological demands arising from their lifestyles.[well established][VHOG]
the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system are parts of the circulatory system
Connective tissue composed of adipocytes.
Connective tissue in which fat is stored.[TAO]
Tissue that contains adipocytes, used for cushioning, thermal insulation, lubrication (primarily in the pericardium) and energy storage.[AAO]
relationship loss: subclass connective tissue proper (AAO:0000099)[AAO]
Adipose tissue is unique to vertebrates. It is found in mostmammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians, and a variety is found in some species of fish. Furthermore, in insects the fat body found in larvae as well as in adults shares some homology with adipose tissue.[well established][VHOG]
Note in FMA this is dense irregular connective tissue. Taxon notes: n humans, adipose tissue is located beneath the skin (subcutaneous fat), around internal organs (visceral fat), in bone marrow (yellow bone marrow) and in breast tissue. Adipose tissue is found in specific locations, which are referred to as adipose depots. Adipose tissue contains several cell types, with the highest percentage of cells being adipocytes, which contain fat droplets. Other cell types include fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells. Adipose tissue contains many small blood vessels.; Mice have eight major adipose depots, four of which are within the abdominal cavity. The paired gonadal depots are attached to the uterus and ovaries in females and the epididymis and testes in males; the paired retroperitoneal depots are found along the dorsal wall of the abdomen, surrounding the kidney, and, when massive, extend into the pelvis. The mesenteric depot forms a glue-like web that supports the intestines, and the omental depot, which originates near the stomach and spleen, and, when massive, extends into the ventral abdomen.
AO notes: In FMA this is classified as a set of organs. ZFA musculature system has subtypes, so it is classified here. WBbt muscular system has subtypes so it goes here. Note that we use the MA term set of skeletal muscles here as it seems most appropriate (*not* MA:musculature). AAO is generally confused here.
a network of specialized cells that communicate information about an organism's surroundings and itself[Wikipedia].
A regulatory system of the body that consists of neurons and neuroglial cells. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]
Anatomical system consisting of nerve bodies and nerve fibers which regulate the response of the body to external and internal stimuli.[AAO]
relationship type change: differentiates_from ectoderm (AAO:0000137) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[AAO]
Nervous systems evolved in the ancestor of Eumetazoa.[well established][VHOG]
The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord[GO]. The part of the nervous system which in vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which supervises and coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system[XAO]. Neuraxis plus retina[INCF].
Part of the nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]
The brain and spinal cord. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
(...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2); Taken together, our data make a very strong case that the complex molecular mediolateral architecture of the developing trunk CNS (central nervous system), as shared between Platynereis and vertebrates, was already present in their last common ancestor, Urbilateria. The concept of bilaterian nervous system centralization implies that neuron types concentrate on one side of the trunk, as is the case in vertebrates and many invertebrates including Platynereis, where they segregate and become spatially organized (as opposed to a diffuse nerve net). Our data reveal that a large part of the spatial organization of the annelid and vertebrate CNS was already present in their last common ancestor, which implies that Urbilateria had already possessed a CNS (reference 3).[well established][VHOG]
A group of axons linking two or more neuropils and having a common origin, termination[FBbt].
WP says this is the analog of peripheral nerves in CNS
White matter fiber bundle that crosses the midline of the brain or spinal cord[NIF]. In the context of Drosophila refers to a broad band of axons connecting the same neuropils each side of the brain[FBbt].
an enclosed, cable-like bundle of peripheral axons [wikipedia]. A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons[ZFA]. Segment of neural tree organ which has as its parts a nerve trunk and its branches; together with other nerves of the same tree it constitutes a neural tree. Examples: chorda tympani, digastric branch of facial nerve, greater petrosal nerve, posterior cutaneous branch of posterior ramus of cervical nerve, superior lateral cutaneous nerve of arm[FMA].
A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons.[TAO]
check nerve vs peripheral nerve vs tract. Check isa hierarchy - we include under neural tissue as well as neuron projection bundle for now. FMA also has this under organ segment
Anatomical system that overlaps the nervous system and is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information.
An early step in the evolution of neural crest, therefore, may have been the origin of a specific dorsal neural cell population contributing to sensory processing; this would predate the divergence of the amphioxus and vertebrate lineages.[well established][VHOG]
note the distinct between entire sensory system and individual system. this reconciles is_a and part_of distinctions between ssAOs
A subset of the sensory system for the sensing of taste.
The sensory system used for the sense of taste.[AAO]
in ZFA and MA this is a subtype of sensory system. we should change sensory system to disambiguate parts and wholes
Fibrous joint in which the periodontal ligament connects a tooth to the alveolar bone of the maxilla or mandible. Examples: Dento-alveolar joint of incisor tooth.[FMA]
A filament, mostly protein, that grows from follicles found in the dermis[WP].
this class defines an individual hair. todo - consider fur / coat of fur, which has_part hair. TODO: for now we treat vibrissa/whisker as a syonym, but these have different follicles. We could introduce subclasses (see also: Pangolin scales)
Membranous sac attached to an embryo, providing early nourishment in the form of yolk in bony fishes, sharks, reptiles, birds, and primitive mammals. It functions as the developmental circulatory system of the human embryo, before internal circulation begins. In the mouse, the yolk sac is the first site of blood formation, generating primitive macrophages and erythrocytes.
One of the extraembryonic fetal membranes that balloons out from the fetal midgut. [TFD][VHOG]
Taxon notes: In therians, a structure homologous to the yolk sac is is present, but contains no yolk platelets. Instead it is filled with fluid [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"]
Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. An anterior part of the alimentary canal derived from the ectoderm[WP].
The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future. We may explicitly make this a developmental class (as it appears to be in FMA)
Funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube that conducts food to the esophagus, and air to the larynyx and lungs. It is located posterior to the NASAL CAVITY; ORAL CAVITY; and LARYNX, and extends from the SKULL BASE to the inferior border of the CRICOID CARTILAGE anteriorly and to the inferior border of the C6 vertebra posteriorly. It is divided into the NASOPHARYNX; OROPHARYNX; and HYPOPHARYNX (laryngopharynx)[MESH]. Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills[ZFA].
Anatomical cavity bounded by the derivatives of the branchial arches.[AAO]
Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
The portion of the alimentary canal between the mouth and the oesophagus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
relationship type change: part_of_proxy respiratory system (AAO:0000541) CHANGED TO: develops_from respiratory system (UBERON:0001004)[AAO]
relationship type change: part_of_proxy respiratory system (AAO:0000541) CHANGED TO: part_of respiratory system (UBERON:0001004)[AAO]
(...) the earliest vertebrates possessed unjointed internal and external branchial arches, and musculature encircling the pharynx.[well established][VHOG]
Note that MA/FMA pharynx not part of digestive/alimentary system, we follow their lead here
Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993).
Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]
The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)
saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]. The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands, glands with ducts, that produce saliva. They also secrete amylase, an enzyme that breaks down starch into maltose. In other organisms such as insects, salivary glands are often used to produce biologically important proteins like silk or glues, and fly salivary glands contain polytene chromosomes that have been useful in genetic research[WP].
A gland that produces the saliva. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-25, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]
In air-feeding animals, the lack of water column to lubricate the food has been compensated for by the evolution of the salivary glands. These glands are present only in amniotes and are controlled by the parasympathetic system.[well established][VHOG]
currently we define saliva and salivary glands very generally in functional terms but it may be more appropriate to split this class. From WP: In most vertebrates, saliva does not contain any enzymes, consisting of mucus and water only, and its primary function is to moisten food while eating. As a result, true salivary glands are rarely found in fish or aquatic tetrapods, although there are often individual mucus-secreting cells. Amphibians have a single salivary gland, the intermaxillary gland, located in the forward part of the palate. Reptiles and birds normally have only very small glands on the lips, palate, and base of the mouth, although there are some birds with large glands, which produce a sticky saliva that helps in nest-building. The distinct parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands are only developed in mammals.[3] The salivary glands of some species, however, are modified to produce enzymes; salivary amylase is found in many, but by no means all, bird and mammal species (including humans, as noted above). Furthermore, the venom glands of poisonous snakes, Gila monsters, and some shrews, are modified salivary glands
Middle subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. In vertebrates: The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine[GO]. In humans: originates from the foregut at the opening of the bile duct into the duodenum and continues through the small intestine and much of the large intestine until the transition to the hindgut about two-thirds of the way through the transverse colon. That part of the alimentary canal which lies between the gizzard and the hind intestine.
Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future. We may explicitly make this a developmental class. AO Notes: in FMA this class has no children.
Posterior subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM].
Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future (vertebrates have some contribution from NC - UBERONREF:0000002). We may explicitly make this a developmental class. AO Notes: in FMA this class has no children.
Primordia are populations of contiguous cells that are morphologically distinct and already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue[FBbt]. An embryonic structure that is the rudiment or commencement of a part or organ.
In the developing vertebrate, the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or neural canal (which strictly speaking is the center of the neural tube), the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. [WP,unvetted].
Hollow epithelial tube on dorsal side of the embryo that develops into the central nervous system.[AAO]
The dorsal tubular structure in the vertebrate embryo that develops into the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]
(...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]
The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium[GO:0021915]
The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Taxon notes: In the lungfish, sharks and rays the rectum opens into the cloaca which also receives wastes (urine) from the kidneys and material from the reproductive organs. In bony fish the rectum reaches the outside environment through the anus, which is normally situated just in front the urinary and reproductive openings. However in some fish the digestive tract may be curled back on itself, and in the Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) the anus is situated in the fish's throat. -- http://www.earthlife.net/fish/digestion.html
Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species.
A point along the course of the gastrointestinal tract where the small intestine (ileum) ends as it opens into the cecal portion of the large intestine; occurs usually within the iliac fossa, demarcated internally as the ileocecal orifice
Cavity of serous sac surrounded by serous pericardium.[FMA]
Anatomical space in which the heart is located and is surrounded by the pericardium.[TAO]
In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart (of other tetrapods) is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]
A zone of skin that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
todo - distinguish between entire skin of region and arbitrary zone of skin on region
Transudate contained in the pleural cavity.[FMA]
Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.[FMA]
Transudate contained in the synovial cavity of joints, and in the cavity of tendon sheaths and bursae.[FMA]
Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the space in synovial joints.[TAO]
Organ with a cavity which consist of dentine surrounded by enamel. Examples: incisor, molar.
The ancestor of recent vertebrate teeth was a tooth-like structure on the outer body surface of jawless fishes.[well established][VHOG]
Editors note: we place ZFA ctb 5 tooth here for now. Consider changing name from calcaeous tooth. Note that sea cucumbers develop calcareous tooth-like structures
The Axillary lymph nodes are of large size, vary from twenty to thirty in number, and may be arranged in the following groups: brachial lymph nodes (or 'lateral') pectoral axillary lymph nodes (or 'anterior') subscapular axillary lymph nodes (or 'posterior') central lymph nodes apical lymph nodes (or 'medial' or 'subclavicular') [WP,unvetted].
Traditional gross anatomy divided the liver into four lobes based on surface features. The falciform ligament is visible on the front (anterior side) of the liver. This divides the liver into a left anatomical lobe, and a right anatomical lobe.
editor note: some work needs to be done to ensure the child terms of this class have correct isa/partof placement. in MA they are subclasses, in FMA they are parts
The right lobe is much larger than the left; the proportion between them being as six to one. It occupies the right hypochondrium, and is separated from the left lobe on its upper surface by the falciform ligament; on its under and posterior surfaces by the left sagittal fossa; and in front by the umbilical notch. It is of a somewhat quadrilateral form, its under and posterior surfaces being marked by three fossæ: the porta and the fossæ for the gall-bladder and inferior vena cava, which separate its left part into two smaller lobes; the quadrate and caudate lobes. [WP,unvetted].
Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's right side adjacent to the gall bladder.[TAO]
The left lobe is smaller and more flattened than the right. It is situated in the epigastric and left hypochondriac regions. Its upper surface is slightly convex and is moulded on to the diaphragm; its under surface presents the gastric impression and omental tuberosity. [WP,unvetted].
Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's left side.[TAO]
Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all the vertebra and associated skeletal elements and joints in the body.
Anatomical cluster that consists of all the vertebra in the body.[VSAO]
The vertebral column consists of a series of vertebrae connected by ligaments. It provides a supporting axis for the body and protects the spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]
Vertebrata is characterized by three synapomorphies. First, vertebrates have a backbone composed of vertebrae (...).[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: Note that in contrast to VSAO, this is a subset of the skeletal system, and thus includes intervertebral joints, cartilage and ligaments etc. Some ontologies such as AAO seem to purely refer to the skeleton
Muscle composed of cardiac muscle cells that is part of the heart[ZFA]. involuntary striated muscle found in the walls of the heart, specifically the myocardium[Wikipedia]. Tissue which consists of cardiac myocytes surrounded by cardiac endomysium. Examples: Cardiac muscle tissue proper, conducting tissue of heart[FMA].
check relationship with myocardium. part_of in MA - but we also have a more specific class 'cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium'. Check ncit
Tissue which consists of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps, Skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm[FMA]. Striated muscle tissue under control of the somatic nervous system. It is one of three major muscle types, the others being cardiac and smooth muscle. As its name suggests, most skeletal muscle is attached to bones by bundles of collagen fibers known as tendons. Skeletal muscle is made up of individual components known as muscle fibers. These fibers are formed from the fusion of developmental myoblasts. The myofibers are long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells composed of actin and myosin myofibrils repeated as a sarcomere, the basic functional unit of the cell and responsible for skeletal muscle's striated appearance and forming the basic machinery necessary for muscle contraction. The term muscle refers to multiple bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue[WP].
Muscle, composed of long cylindrical, multinucleated cells that attaches to the skeleton via tendons.[TAO]
This result implies the following views in terms of evolutionary differentiation: (1) Arthropod striated muscle and vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles share a common ancestor. In other words, they did not evolve independently (...) (5) The divergence of vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles/vertebrate smooth muscle and nonmuscle is at least before that of vertebrates/arthropods. In other words, emergence of skeletal and cardiac musle type tissues preceded the vertebrate/arthropod divergence (ca. 700 MYA).[well established][VHOG]
TODO - add skeletal muscle organ? See GO:0060538 skeletal muscle organ development. Todo - group FBbt:00005073 - somatic muscle.
Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length[GO]. Tissue which consists of smooth muscle fibers surrounded by a reticulum of collagen and elastic fibers. Examples: Arrector muscle of hair, Muscularis mucosae.
A non-striated muscle that is composed of spindle-shaped cells. Smooth muscle usually is organized into sheets that line cavitated organs.[TAO]
Involuntary muscle tissue consisting of uninucleate spindle-shaped fibers.[AAO]
(...) the first bilateral animals possessed only smooth muscles with the molecular repertoire necessary to build a striated muscle. (...) it is more parsimonious to regard striated muscle cells as a sister cell type to the smooth muscle cells. In this scenario, striated and smooth muscles would have arisen in the stem lineage that led to the Nephrozoa (i.e. all Bilateria exclusive the acoelomorphs) (Hejnol et al., 2009), from an “acoel-like” smooth muscle, by segregation and divergence of functions and through differential recruitment of additional genes[well established][VHOG]
textus muscularis levis; textus muscularis nonstriatus
terminological note: GO uses visceral and smooth interchangeably. However visceral can also be used in the sense of the viscera. Many fly annotations to smooth muscle terms. If we want to be inclusive of insects have to have a general definition of tissue that includes cells.
Simple squamous epithelium of mesodermal origin which lines serous membranes. Examples: mesothelium of pleura, mesothelium of peritoneum[FMA]. Wikipedia: The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracal cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs (the tunica vaginalis testis) and covers the internal reproductive organs of women (the tunica serosa uteri).
The dorsal part of an animal, which in vertebrares includes the vertebral column. [cjm].
Taxon notes: In humans, called the back, a large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck and the shoulders. It is the surface opposite to the chest, its height being defined by the vertebral column (commonly referred to as the spine or backbone) and its breadth being supported by the ribcage and shoulders. The spinal canal runs through the spine and provides nerves to the rest of the body
Pouch, connecting the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction.
Taxon notes: A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates.[WP] Kardong: in some herbivorous lizards, a cecum is present between small and large intestines
Last portion of the digestive system in most vertebrates; it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body[WP] In mammals, the colon consists of four sections: the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon[WP]. In zebrafish, the posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.
The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]
The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]
Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]
TODO: abstract this such that it legitimately covers all vertebrates
Organ part which is continuous with the cecum proximally and the transverse colon distally.[FMA]
Note that in MA, this is a subclass of colon
The transverse colon the longest and most movable part of the colon, passes with a downward convexity from the right hypochondrium region across the abdomen, opposite the confines of the epigastric and umbilical zones, into the left hypochondrium region, where it curves sharply on itself beneath the lower end of the spleen, forming the splenic or left colic flexure. The right colic flexure is adjacent to the liver. In its course, it describes an arch, the concavity of which is directed backward and a little upward; toward its splenic end there is often an abrupt U-shaped curve which may descend lower than the main curve. It is almost completely invested by peritoneum, and is connected to the inferior border of the pancreas by a large and wide duplicature of that membrane, the transverse mesocolon. It is in relation, by its upper surface, with the liver and gall-bladder, the greater curvature of the stomach, and the lower end of the spleen; by its under surface, with the small intestine; by its anterior surface, with the anterior layers of the greater omentum and the abdominal parietes; its posterior surface is in relation from right to left with the descending portion of the duodenum, the head of the pancreas, and some of the convolutions of the jejunum and ileum. [WP,unvetted].
The descending colon of humans passes downward through the left hypochondrium and lumbar regions, along the lateral border of the left kidney. At the lower end of the kidney it turns medialward toward the lateral border of the psoas muscle, and then descends, in the angle between psoas and quadratus lumborum, to the crest of the ilium, where it ends in the sigmoid colon. The peritoneum covers its anterior surface and sides, and therefore the descending colon is described as retroperitoneal. (The transverse colon and sigmoid colon, which are immediately proximal and distal, are intraperitoneal). Its posterior surface is connected by areolar tissue with the lower and lateral part of the left kidney, the aponeurotic origin of the transversus abdominis, and the quadratus lumborum. It is smaller in caliber and more deeply placed than the ascending colon. It has a mesentery in 33% of people, and is therefore more frequently covered with peritoneum on its posterior surface than the ascending colon (which has a mesentery in 25% of people). However, it is less likely to undergo volvulus than the ascending colon. In front of it are some coils of small intestine. [WP,unvetted].
the part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus. It forms a loop that averages about 40 cm. in length, and normally lies within the pelvis, but on account of its freedom of movement it is liable to be displaced into the abdominal cavity.
The body of stomach is the part of the stomach that lies between the fundus above and the pyloric antrum below; its boundaries are poorly defined[GO].
Note that we include this as zone of stomach even though it is not distinguished by gland type
Pyloric antrum (antrum, lesser cul-de-sac) is the initial portion of the pyloric part of the stomach. It is near the bottom of the stomach on the left side of the pyloric sphincter, which separates the stomach and the duodenum. It may temporarily become partially or completely shut off from the remainder of the stomach during digestion by peristaltic contraction of the prepyloric sphincter; it is demarcated, sometimes, from the second part of the pyloric part of the stomach by a slight groove. [WP,unvetted].
The region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided in two parts: the pyloric antrum, which connects to the body of the stomach. the pyloric canal, which connects to the duodenum. The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal and lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from celiac ganglion. [WP,unvetted].
The orifice which allows the passage from the stomach into the intestine. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Editor notes: We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by glands
An anatomical wall that is part of a stomach [Automatically generated definition].
An anatomical wall that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
the peritoneum responsible for connecting the jejunum and ileum (parts of the small intestine) to the back wall of the abdomen. Between the two sheets of peritoneum are blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves. This allows these parts of the small intestine to move relatively freely within the abdominopelvic cavity. The brain, however, cannot map sensation accurately, so sensation is usually referred to the midline, an example of referred pain[WP].
Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consists of the bile ducts[FMA].
Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consist of the bile ducts.[AAO]
The peritoneum that covers the external surfaces of most abdominal organs.
Cavity of serous sac surrounded by the peritoneum.[FMA]
The potential space between the parietal and visceral layers of the peritoneum, which are normally in contact. The peritoneal cavity is divided into the greater and lesser sac. The greater sac is the peritoneal cavity, and the lesser sac is the omental bursa. [TFD][VHOG]
In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]
cavitas peritonealis; saccus serosus peritonei
The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach which contains the glands and the gastric pits. In men it is about 1 mm thick and its surface is smooth, soft, and velvety. It consists of epithelium, lamina propria, and the muscularis mucosae. In its fresh state, it is of a pinkish tinge at the pyloric end and of a red or reddish-brown color over the rest of its surface. In infancy it is of a brighter hue, the vascular redness being more marked. It is thin at the cardiac extremity, but thicker toward the pylorus. During the contracted state of the organ it is thrown into numerous plaits or rugae, which, for the most part, have a longitudinal direction, and are most marked toward the pyloric end of the stomach, and along the greater curvature. These folds are entirely obliterated when the organ becomes distended. When examined with a lens, the inner surface of the mucous membrane presents a peculiar honeycomb appearance from being covered with funnel-like depressions or foveolae of a polygonal or hexagonal form, which vary from 0.12 to 0.25 mm. in diameter. These are the ducts of the gastric glands, and at the bottom of each may be seen one or more minute orifices, the openings of the gland tubes. Gastric glands are simple or branched tubular glands that emerge on the deeper part of the gastric foveola, inside the gastric areas and outlined by the folds of the mucosa. There are three types of glands: cardiac glands (in the proximal part of the stomach), oxyntic glands (the dominating type of gland), and pyloric glands. The cardiac glands mainly contain mucus producing cells. The bottom part of the oxyntic glands is dominated by zymogen (chief) cells that produce pepsinogen (an inactive precursor of the pepsin enzyme). Parietal cells, which secrete hydrochloric acid are scattered in the glands, with most of them in the middle part. The upper part of the glands consist of mucous neck cells; in this part the dividing cells are seen. The pyloric glands contain mucus-secreting cells. Several types of endocrine cells are found in all regions of the gastric mucosa. In the pyloric glands contain gastrin producing cells (G cells); this hormone stimulates acid production from the parietal cells. ECL (enterochromaffine-like) cells, found in the oxyntic glands release histamine, which also is a powerful stimulant of the acid secretion. The A cells produce glucagon, which mobilizes the hepatic glycogen, and the enterochromaffin cells that produce serotonin, which stimulates the contraction of the smooth muscles. The surface of the mucous membrane is covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium . This epithelium commences very abruptly at the cardiac orifice, where there is a sudden transition from the stratified epithelium of the esophagus. The epithelial lining of the gland ducts is of the same character and is continuous with the general epithelial lining of the stomach. [WP,unvetted].
A strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from the celiac ganglion[WP].
(...) the adult Xenopus stomach exhibits both glandular and aglandular regions and a distinct pyloric sphincter similar to that of the amniotic vertebrates (...).[uncertain][VHOG]
A mucosa that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
A serous membrane that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
Histology notes: duodenum, 1st part serosa, 2nd - 4th adventitia
An ureter that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition].
funnel shaped proximal portion of the ureter that is formed by convergence of the major calices [MP].
In this ontology, the renal pelvis is represented as the area of part-overlap between the kidney and the ureter
Region of parenchyma of kidney representing the outer portion.[FMA]
In the kidney, a renal corpuscle is the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron. It consists of two structures: a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule[WP,unvetted].
A mass of arterial capillaries enveloped in a capsule and attached to a tubule in the kidney[BTO]
A tuft of capillaries found in a Bowman's capsule in which waste products are filtered from the blood and urine formation is initiated. Paired highly vascularized structures of the pronephros, responsible for blood filtration.[XAO]
The part of the nephron that filters blood.[TAO]
Together, the Bowmans capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron
The Bowman's capsule is a cup-like sac at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron in the mammalian kidney. A glomerulus is enclosed in the sac. Fluids from blood in the glomerulus are collected in the Bowman's capsule and further processed along the nephron to form urine. This process is known as ultrafiltration. [WP,unvetted].
Anatomical structure found in the kidney consisting of an expanded end of a kidney tubule surrounding a glomerulus and is the major site of filtration.[AAO]
One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowman’s capsule[GUDMAP]
An epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney.
note that in ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong", the uriniferous tubule contains the nephron, so we have a separate class, rather than using a synonym, as in MA
The collecting duct is a portion of the nephron through which water flows, moving passively down its concentration gradient
Renal duct that collects the output from renal tubules.[TAO]
note that in ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong", the nephron is adjacent to the collecting tubule, consistent with FMA, but not GO. Wikipedia says: Many sources include the connecting tubule as part of the collecting duct system. However, the embryological origin is more similar to the nephron than it is to the rest of the collecting duct (which derives from the ureteric bud), and other sources therefore classify the connecting tubule with the nephron
Situated along the perimeter of the adrenal gland, the adrenal cortex mediates the stress response through the production of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, including aldosterone and cortisol respectively. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis. [WP,unvetted].
All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues (medulla), but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: Kardong states that mammals are the first to have distinct cortext and medulla, but this contradicts XAO
The innermost membrane of the four coats of the intestinal wall, the other three being the submucosa, muscular layers, and serosa. (Berk et al., Gastroenterology, 4th ed, v.3, p1479)
A serous membrane that is part of a wall of intestine [Automatically generated definition].
anatomical wall of bowel serous membrane
anatomical wall of intestine serous membrane
intestine anatomical wall serous membrane
serous membrane of anatomical wall of bowel
serous membrane of anatomical wall of intestine
serous membrane of bowel anatomical wall
serous membrane of intestine anatomical wall
Orifice at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. Its function is to expel feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones; food material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose or lignin; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive tract; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts.
opening of terminal part of digestive tract
distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion[MP].
A saccular organ in which urine accumulates before discharge from the body. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]
Anatomical structure which consists of a membranous sac used to temporarily store urine until it is excreted from the body.[AAO]
In tetrapods, the urinary bladder arises as an outpocketing of the cloaca. (...) The tetrapod urinary bladder appears first among amphibians and is present in Sphenodon, turtles, most lizards, ostriches among birds, and all mammals.[well established][VHOG]
An anatomical wall that is part of a intestine [Automatically generated definition].
Editors note: we place two MA classes here due to the official ncit2ma mapping to intestinal wall tissue; not clear how bowel and intestine are different
An endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes[GO]. The mature pancreas of higher vertebrates and mammals comprises two major functional units: the exocrine pancreas, which is responsible for the production of digestive enzymes to be secreted into the gut lumen, and the endocrine pancreas, which has its role in the synthesis of several hormones with key regulatory functions in food uptake and metabolism. The exocrine portion constitutes the majority of the mass of the pancreas, and contains only two different cell types, the secretory acinar cells and the ductular cells. The endocrine portion, which comprises only 1–2% of the total mass, contains five different cell types, which are organized into mixed functional assemblies referred to as the islets of Langerhans[PMID].
Organ which secretes a fluid containing enzymes that aid in the digestion of food.[AAO]
taxon notes: As a secretory organ serving exocrine and endocrine functions, the pancreas is specific to the vertebrates[PMID:16417468] Hagfishes and lampreys are unique in the complete separation of their endocrine pancreas (islet or- gan) and their exocrine pancreas (50). The endocrine and exocrine pancreas are coassociated in crown gnathostomes (50). In Branchiostoma and Ciona, there is no diverticulum as there is in hagfishes, lampreys, and gnathostomes, only dispersed insulin-secreting cells in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract (51, 52) [PMID:20959416]. The zebrafish does not have a discrete pancreas. Exocrine pancreatic tissue can be found scattered along the intestinal tract (Figures 16 and 17 ). The acinar structure of the exocrine pancreas is very similar to that of mammals and comprises cells with a very dark, basophilic cytoplasm
The acetabulum is a concave surface of the pelvis. The head of the femur meets with the pelvis at the acetabulum, forming the hip joint. There are three bones of the os coxae (hip bone) that come together to form the acetabulum. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline. It is bounded by a prominent uneven rim, which is thick and strong above, and serves for the attachment of the acetabular labrum, which reduces its opening, and deepens the surface for formation of the hip joint. At the lower part of the acetabulum is the acetabular notch, which is continuous with a circular depression, the acetabular fossa, at the bottom of the cavity of the acetabulum. The rest of the acetabulum is formed by a curved, crescent-moon shaped surface, the lunate surface, where the joint is made with the head of the femur. Its counterpart in the pectoral girdle is the glenoid fossa.[WP,unvetted].
Cavity for the articulation of the proximal bone of the hind limb.[AAO]
During the transformation from the osteolepiform fins to tetrapod limbs, the appendages and girdles underwent a number of radical changes. The pelvic girdle became a weight-bearing structure by evolution of an ischium, a full mesio-ventral contact between the two sides of the girdle, an ilium, and a contact between the vertebral column and the girdle through a sacral rib. Fore- and hindlimbs shifted laterally by reorientation of the glenoid and the acetabulum.[well established][VHOG]
In reptiles and in birds, the acetabula are deep sockets.[WP] Note that whilst WP defines this as a surface, MA treats it as a bone. There are other FMA classes that may be better suited to representing the surface.
Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pelvic girdle regions.
Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. There is only one instance of the pelvic girdle region per organism.[VSAO]
Note that this class describes the subdivision of the limb/fin, NOT the skeleton within. See also: skeleton of pectoral girdle (UBERON:0007831). See also comments on obo-anatomy mail list
in FMA this is classified as simple columnar, MA divides this into squamous and glandular
Simple columnar epithelium that lines the intestine, sometimes pseudostratified, with absorptive brush-border cells and mucous goblet cells clearly visible. Crosnier et al. 2005[TAO]
The basic functional unit of the kidney. its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[WP]
Functional unit of the kidney that filters waste.[TAO]
Editor note: kidney terms require review for cross-vertebrate compatibility and developmental relationships. Taxon notes: In the avian kidney, three types of nephron are identified: mammalian-type nephrons with long and short loops of Henle, and reptilian type nephrons (Gambaryan, 1992)[GO Kidney]
The proximal tubule is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle[WP]
Renal tubule that connects to the renal corpuscle.[TAO]
TODO - cleanly define difference between proximal tubule and proximal convoluted tubule. Make definition applicable across species.
Portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. The loop has a hairpin bend in the renal medulla. The main function of this structure is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney. By means of a countercurrent multiplier system, which utilizes sodium pumps, it creates an area of high sodium concentration deep in the medulla, near the collecting duct. Water present in the filtrate in the collecting duct flows through aquaporin channels out of the collecting duct, moving passively down its concentration gradient. This process reabsorbs water and creates a concentrated urine for excretion[WP].
A highly specialized segment of the mammalian kidney tubules, that dips into the medulla. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.648, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]
Note that the definitions of some kidney parts refer to Henle's loop, even in species where this may not be present. Requires review.
Portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of Henle[WP].
a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system.
inner mucous membrane of the mammalian uterus.
The mucous membrane lining the uterus. [TFD][VHOG]
The maternal part of the placenta (of eutherian mammals) is the vascularized and glandular uterine lining, or endometrium.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: nimals that have estrous cycles reabsorb the endometrium if conception does not occur during that cycle. Animals that have menstrual cycles shed the endometrium through menstruation instead. AO notes: in FMA this is subdivided into basal and outer. In MA there is a single child term, endometrium epithelium
The glans penis (or simply glans) is the sensitive bulbous structure at the distal end of the penis. It is also commonly referred to as the 'head' of the penis. The glans penis is anatomically homologous to the clitoral glans of the female. [WP,unvetted].
A narrow, tightly-coiled tube connecting the efferent ducts from the rear of each testicle to its vas deferens.
Taxon notes: A similar, but probably non-homologous, structure is found in cartilaginous fishes[WP]. Kardong has epididymis in elasmobranch.Structures notes: Typically divided into three main regions. In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis and the head of the epididymis, which receives the various efferent ducts. This is, however, absent in all birds and mammals. The epididymis is covered by a two layered pseudostratified epithelium. The epithelium is separated by a basement membrane from the connective tissue wall which has smooth muscle cells.
Ovarian follicles are the basic units of female reproductive biology, each of which is composed of roughly spherical aggregations of cells found in the ovary. They contain a single oocyte (aka ovum or egg). These structures are periodically initiated to grow and develop, culminating in ovulation of usually a single competent oocyte in humans. These eggs/ova are only developed once every menstrual cycle (e.g. once a month in humans)[WP].
Oocyte development of zebrafish has been divided into five stages based on morphological criteria and on physiological and biochemical events. Stage I follicles (less than 140 microns) are primary growth stage, stage II follicles (140-340 microns) are cortical alveolus stage, stage III (340-690 microns) are vitellogenesis, stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation, and stage V follicles are matured egg. Selman et al, 1993.[TAO]
follicle of ovary viewed macroscopically
folliculi ovarici primarii, folliculi ovarici vesiculosi
The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord. [WP,unvetted].
Editor notes: todo - compare with EHDAA2. Check embryonic vs extraembryonic, developmental relationships
In male human anatomy, the foreskin is a retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis and protects the urinary meatus when the penis is not erect. It is also described as the prepuce, a technically broader term that also includes the clitoral hood in women, to which the foreskin is embryonically homologous. [WP,unvetted].
Seminiferous tubules are located in the testicles, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of gametes, namely spermatozoa. The epithelium of the tubule consists of sustentacular or Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule. In between the Sertoli cells are spermatogenic cells, which differentiate through meiosis to sperm cells. There are two types: convoluted and straight. convuluted towards the lateral side and straight as the tubule comes medially to form ducts which will exit the testis. [WP,unvetted].
Any of the coiled tubules located in the testes in which spermatozoa are produced.[AAO]
One of two or three twisted curved tubules in each lobule of the testis in which spermatogenesis occurs. [TFD][VHOG]
Frogs among amphibians and the amniotes have males with testes that are composed of seminiferous tubules, which differ from ampullae in being long, highly convoluted ductules.[well established][VHOG]
The anus and surrounding regions. Encompasses both internal and external regions, where present
An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). Examples: Examples: There are only two instances in an organism, right and left pectoral girdle regions.
An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There is only one instance of the pectoral girdle region per organism.[VSAO]
Note that this class describes the central subdivision of the pectoral girdle complex, NOT the skeleton within.[VSAO]
Note that this class describes the organism subdivision, NOT the skeleton within. See also: skeleton of pectoral girdle (UBERON:0007831).
Organ system subdivision which consists of the skeleton and the articular system.[FMA]
Anatomical system consisting of multiple elements and tissues that provides physical support.[TAO]
Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system.[VSAO]
System that provides physical support to the organism.[AAO]
By taking a holistic approach, integration of the evidence from molecular and developmental features of model organisms, the phylogenetic distribution in the 'new animal phylogeny' and the earliest fossilized remains of mineralized animal skeletons suggests independent origins of the skeleton at the phylum level.[debated][VHOG]
Note that GO defines skeletal system very generically: The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton) GO:0001501; however, all annotations are to vertebrates
one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compact/Cortical bone facilitates bone's main functions: to support the body, protect organs, provide levers for movement, and store and release chemical elements, mainly calcium. As its name implies, cortical bone forms the cortex, or outer shell, of most bones. Again, as its name implies, compact bone is much denser than cancellous bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue. Furthermore, it is harder, stronger and stiffer than cancellous bone. Cortical bone contributes about 80% of the weight of a human skeleton. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cortical bone is the osteon..
MP distinguishes compact/cortical bone. in other AOs they are syns
Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb region.
Skeletal structure of the paired, posterior appendages.[AAO]
Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the neck by the plane of the superior thoracic aperture and from the abdomen internally by the inferior surface of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin and associated with the thoracic vertebral column and ribcage and from the back of the thorax by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines; together with the abdomen and the perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper[FMA].
editor note - FMA:24216 present in FMA1, but gone in subsequent versions
Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a pes, which is the distal section of the posterior hindlimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the ankle, sole, and toes)[Phenoscape].
here 'pes' includes both the ankle region and foot proper
A bone that is part of the tarsal skeleton. Examples: calcaneus, talus, centralia.
In primitive tetrapods, such as Trematops, the tarsus consists of three rows of bones. There are three proximal tarsals, the tibiale, intermedium, and fibulare, named for their points of articulation with the bones of the lower limb. These are followed by a second row of four bones, referred to as the centralia (singular: centrale), and then a row of five distal tarsals, each articulating with a single metatarsal. In the great majority of tetrapods, including all of those alive today, this simple pattern is modified by the loss and fusion of various of the bones.[3] In reptiles and mammals, there are normally just two proximal tarsals, the calcaneus (equivalent to the amphibian fibulare) and the talus (probably derived from a fusion of multiple bones). In mammals, including humans, the talus forms a hinge joint with the tibia, a feature especially well developed in the artiodactyls. The calcaneus is also modified, forming a heel for the attachment of the Achilles tendon. Neither of these adaptations is found in reptiles, which have a relatively simple structure to both bones.[3] The fifth distal tarsal disappears relatively early in evolution, with the remainder becoming the cuneiform and cuboid bones. Reptiles usually retain two centralia, while mammals typically have only one (the navicular).[3] In birds, the tarsus has disappeared, with the proximal tarsals having fused with the tibia, the centralia having disappeared, and the distal bones having fused with the metatarsals to form a single tarsometatarsus bone, effectively giving the leg a third segment[Wikipedia:Tarsus_(skeleton)]
The metatarsus or metatarsal bones are a group of five long bones in the pes located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-pes and the phalanges of the toes. Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (side of big toe): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus. [WP,unvetted].
A phalanx that is part of a hindlimb autopod[Automatically generated definition].
Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the five digits of the pes. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the pes, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2(1)-2-3-4(3)-3(2).[AAO]
The navicular bone is one of the tarsal bones, found in the pes. It is located on the medial side of the pes, and articulates proximally with the talus, distally with the three cuneiform bones, and occasionally laterally with the cuboid[WP].
Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5.[AAO]
taxon notes: connections vary depending on species. AAO: Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5. In humans: there is a cuboid instead of distal tarsal 4 and 5 - may articulate laterally with the cuboid[WP]. TODO - add correct VSAO xref (currently broken)
Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 1.
Small element that articulates with the prehallux, metatarsal I and element Y. It may be fused to tarsal 2.[AAO]
Subdivision of head which consists of the facial skeleton and all layers superficial to it[FMA,modified].
The face develops from outward growth of tissue located rostral to the cranium & pharynx. The lower jaw and most of the upper jaw are formed by growth of the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch. The upper incisor region and the nose and forehead (frontal region) are formed from tissue located rostral to the neural tube (frontonasal prominence)[vanat.cvm.umn.edu/TFFlectPDFs/LectFaceDevelop.pdf]
A zone of skin that is part of a lip [Automatically generated definition].
A zone of skin that is part of a external ear [Automatically generated definition].
zone of skin of auricular region of head
The hip region is located lateral to the gluteal region (i.e. the buttock), inferior to the iliac crest, and overlying the greater trochanter of the thigh bone. In adults, three of the bones of the pelvis have fused into the hip bone which forms part of the hip region. The hip joint, scientifically referred to as the acetabulofemoral joint (art. coxae), is the joint between the femur and acetabulum of the pelvis and its primary function is to support the weight of the body in both static (e.g. standing) and dynamic (e.g. walking or running) postures. [WP,modified].
The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributions of dermal bone. From its first appearance in placoderms, the pelvic girdle is exclusively endoskeletal. It arose from pterygiophores, perhaps several times, in support of the fin.[well established][VHOG]
AO notes. See notes for shoulder. in BTO this is part of the abdomen - this creates an inconsistency if limb and abdomen are spatially disjoint
In human anatomy, the shoulder joint comprises the part of the body where the humerus attaches to the scapula. The shoulder refers to the group of structures in the region of the joint. It is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints. There are two kinds of cartilage in the joint. The first type is the white cartilage on the ends of the bones (called articular cartilage) which allows the bones to glide and move on each other. When this type of cartilage starts to wear out (a process called arthritis), the joint becomes painful and stiff. The labrum is a second kind of cartilage in the shoulder which is distinctly different from the articular cartilage. This cartilage is more fibrous or rigid than the cartilage on the ends of the ball and socket. Also, this cartilage is also found only around the socket where it is attached. The shoulder must be flexible for the wide range of motion required in the arms and hands and also strong enough to allow for actions such as lifting, pushing and pulling. The compromise between these two functions results in a large number of shoulder problems not faced by other joints such as the hip. [WP,unvetted].
(...) endochondral elements of the early tetrapod shoulder develop from two centers of ossification, giving rise to a scapula and a 'coracoid'.[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: In FMA, the shoulder is part of the pectoral girdle region. in MA, shoulder structures like shoulder joints, bones, nerves etc are part of the shoulder and the forelimb. E.g. humerus is a shoulder bone
A vessel that contains or conveys lymph, that originates as an interfibrillar or intercellular cleft or space in a tissue or organ, and that if small has no distinct walls or walls composed only of endothelial cells and if large resembles a vein in structure[BTO].
A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.[TAO]
A vessel that contains or conveys lymph.[AAO]
Tetrapods have evolved distinct lymphatic systems, in which lymphatic capillaries help drain most of the tissues of the body.[well established][VHOG]
Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue[VSAO].
Also called osseous tissue, (Latin: os). Is a type of hard endoskeletal connective tissue found in many vertebrate animals. Bone is the main tissue of body organs that support body structures, protect internal organs, (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; and are involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage.[AAO]
Portion of tissue which is calcified connective tissue making up the structural elements of the skeletal system.[TAO]
Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue.[VSAO]
The 'new animal phylogeny' reveals that many of the groups known to biomineralize sit among close relatives that do not, and it favours an interpretation of convergent or parallel evolution for biomineralization in animals. (...) Whether this 'biomineralization toolkit'of genes reflects a parallel co-option of a common suite of genes or the inheritance of a skeletogenic gene regulatory network from a biomineralizing common ancestor remains an open debate.[debated][VHOG]
Alternate definition: Organ with cavitated organ parts, which primarily consists of compact (cortical) and cancellous bone, which surround bone marrow cavities; together with other bones, cartilages and joints, it constitutes the skeletal system. Examples: femur, sternum, maxilla, vertebra, talus[FMA]
An articular capsule (or joint capsule) is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint. [WP,unvetted].
The hip joint is a synovial joint formed by the articulation of the rounded head of the femur and the cup-like acetabulum of the pelvis. It forms the primary connection between the bones of the lower limb and the axial skeleton of the trunk and pelvis. Both joint surfaces are covered with a strong but lubricated layer called articular hyaline cartilage. The cuplike acetabulum forms at the union of three pelvic bones — the ilium, pubis, and ischium.
Alternate def - "The articulation between the femur and the innominate bone." [BTO:0001502]
The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries[GO]. The descending aorta is part of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. The descending aorta is the part of the aorta beginning at the aortic arch that runs down through the chest and abdomen. The descending aorta is divided into two portions, the thoracic and abdominal, in correspondence with the two great cavities of the trunk in which it is situated. Within the abdomen, the descending aorta branches into the two common iliac arteries which serve the legs. [WP,unvetted].
pars descendens aortae, aorta descendens
Development notes: results from fusion of left and right dorsal aortae
The thoracic aorta is contained in the posterior mediastinal cavity. It begins at the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra where it is continuous with the aortic arch, and ends in front of the lower border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra, at the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm where it becomes the abdominal aorta. At its commencement, it is situated on the left of the vertebral column; it approaches the median line as it descends; and, at its termination, lies directly in front of the column. The vessel describes a curve which is concave forward; as the branches given off from it are small, its diminution in size is insignificant. It has a radius of approximately 1.16 cm. [WP,unvetted].
Abdominal part of aorta: the distal part of the descending aorta, which is the continuation of the thoracic part and gives rise to the inferior phrenic, lumbar, median sacral, superior and inferior mesenteric, middle suprarenal, renal, and testicular or ovarian arteries, and celiac trunk[BTO]. The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta(of the thorax). [WP,unvetted].
pars abdominalis aortae, aorta abdominalis
Editors note: Many of the branches of the abdominal aorta in mammals may be branches of the dorsal aorta in other vertebrates
Tube extending from the mouth to the anus.
The alimentary or digestive tract, and associated organs.[TAO]
Terminology notes: we following Kardong in naming the entire tube from mouth to anus the alimentary canal. Kardong calls the portion of this tract that excludes buccal cavity and pharynx the 'alimentary canal', consider adding an extra class for this. AO notes: GO says gut is region of DT, from intestines to anus. ZFA treats as synonym for alimentary canal, and treats it as the sum of DT + organs (ZF has no term from stomach). GO says intestines to anus (excludes stomach and esophagus). MA appears to agree with GO (stomach and esophagus are not parts). FMA includes stomach and esophagus as parts of gut -- the FMA divides gut into lower and upper GI tract; it's not clear if this is exhaustive (small intestine is in neither), but lower GI tract may correspond better to the GO definition. NOTE: GO now changed, see sf id in def xref. Note that FMA also has a term 'gastrointestinal tract', but this includes the liver.
Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the urinary bladder and the urethra.
Subdivision of respiratory system which consists of the nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx and larynx[FMA]
Some specify that the glottis (vocal cords) is the defining line between the upper and lower respiratory tracts;[2] yet even others make the line at the cricoid cartilage.[WP]
The segment of respiratory tract from the trachea to the lungs[WP,modified]
Cheeks constitute the area of the face below the eyes and between the nose and the left or right ear. It is fleshy in humans and other mammals, the skin being suspended by the chin and the jaws, and forming the lateral wall of the human mouth, visibly touching the cheekbone below the eye. In vertebrates, markings on the cheek area (malar stripes/spots/... ), particularly immediately beneath the eye, often serve as important distinguishing features between species or individuals. 'Buccal' means relating to the cheek. In humans, the region is innervated by the buccal nerve. The inside of the cheek (forming part of the mouth cavity) is lined with a mucous membrane. It is the most common location from which a DNA sample can be taken (during a cheek swab). The cheeks are covered externally by hairy skin, and internally by stratified squamous epithelium. This is mostly smooth, but may have aborally directed papillae . The mucosa is supplied with secretions from the Buccal glands, which are arranged in superior and inferior groups. In carnivores, the superior buccal gland is large and discrete: the Zygomatic gland. During mastication (chewing), the cheeks and tongue between them serve to keep the food between the teeth. [WP,unvetted].
Surface structure that includes the scales, skin, and muscles that are located ventral and posterior to the eye.[TAO]
The two internal jugular veins collect the blood from the brain, the superficial parts of the face, and the neck. [WP,unvetted].
Vein which receives many veins draining the palate, brain, and the orbital, nasal, and auditory regions.[AAO]
The Sublingual Artery arises at the anterior margin of the Hyoglossus, and runs forward between the Genioglossus and Mylohyoideus to the sublingual gland. It supplies the gland and gives branches to the Mylohyoideus and neighboring muscles, and to the mucous membrane of the mouth and gums. One branch runs behind the alveolar process of the mandible in the substance of the gum to anastomose with a similar artery from the other side; another pierces the Mylohyoideus and anastomoses with the submental branch of the external maxillary artery. [WP,unvetted].
Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the tip of the snout where branches go to the tongue and the m. geniohyoideus.[AAO]
relationship loss: part_of external carotid (AAO:0010218)[AAO]
Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work[GO]. Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of skeletal muscle tissue aggregated into macroscopic fasciculi by connective tissue; together with other muscles, it constitutes the muscular system. Examples: biceps, diaphragm, masseter, right third external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani, serratus anterior[FMA].
Portion of tissue composed of contractile fibers.[TAO]
It seems clear that the metazoan ancestor inherited from its unicellular descendants an actin cytoskeleton and motor-proteins of the myosin superfamily. Within metazoans, these two molecules were arranged into effective contractile units, the muscles. The basic trends for muscle evolution are already expressed in the diploblastic taxa.[well established][VHOG]
Lymphatic trunk that connects all tributaries of the thoracic duct tree to the trunk of the left brachiocephalic vein[FMA].
An epithelial tube or tree of tibes that transports blood away from the heart[modified from AEO definition].
Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.[AAO]
The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: Note that in FMA an artery is a tree, whereas AEO/JB defines it as a tube; FMA includes a separate class for what it calls the trunk. Classification in this ontology may currently (Jan 2012) represent a mix of both schemes, although we are gradually revising in the direction of the AEO scheme.
Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart.
Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry blood from other organs, tissues, and cells to the heart.[AAO]
TODO - check with MA - vein vs venous blood vessel
The anterior facial vein (facial vein) commences at the side of the root of the nose, and is a direct continuation of the angular vein where it also receives a small nasal branch. It lies behind the facial artery and follows a less tortuous course. It receives blood from the external palatine vein before it either joins the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, or drains directly into the internal jugular vein. [WP,unvetted].
Vein which collects blood from muscles of the head and drains into the external jugular vein.[AAO]
Comment note MA and NCITA also has 'anterior facial vein'
The supraorbital vein begins on the forehead where it communicates with the frontal branch of the superficial temporal vein. It runs downward superficial to the Frontalis muscle, and joins the frontal vein at the medial angle of the orbit to form the angular vein. Previous to its junction with the frontal vein, it sends through the supraorbital notch into the orbit a branch which communicates with the ophthalmic vein; as this vessel passes through the notch, it receives the frontal diploic vein through a foramen at the bottom of the notch. The areas drained by this vessel are the forehead, eyebrow and upper eyelid. [WP,unvetted].
The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull, and lateral to the temporal lobes of the cerebrum.
The temporal bone consists of four parts: * Squama temporalis * Mastoid portion * Petrous portion (Petrosal ridge) * Tympanic part[WP]. AO notes: Note the Temporal bone is not explicitly categorized to a part of the cranium in FMA. Taxon notes: fusion of squamosal + angular (tympanic annulus) [derm.] + petrosal (prootic + opisthotic)[chond.] + styloid process[splanc.] // In many mammals, as in humans, the petrosal, ectotympanic and squamosal bones synostose to form the temporal bone
Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals.
The organ of hearing and of equilibrium. [TFD][VHOG]
Both vertebrate and invertebrate auditory organs are thought to have evolved from primitive mechanosensors, but the nature of the ancestral structure and the evolutionary trajectories followed in distinct animal lineages remain unknown. In particular, we do not know how many types of mechanosensor existed in the protostome-deuterostome ancestor from which insects and vertebrates evolved or whether the PDA had an auditory organ.[well established][VHOG]
Part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull[GO].
The external part of the organ, which consists of an outer portion (external auditory meatus) which leads to the tympanum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Some species, like Amolops tormotus (Feng et al. 2006), have a cavity in front of the tympanic membrane which is considered to be an ear canal and thus an outer ear. (...) The ancestral lineage of amphibians separated from the mammalian lineage, approximately 350 million years ago, in the paleozoic era. Many of the important developments in the auditory systems emerged after the ancestral paths separated (Manley and Clack 2003). This implies that shared features, like the tympanic middle ear, developed independently in different vertebrate lineages.[uncertain][VHOG]
The petrous portion of the temporal bone or pyramid is pyramidal and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones. Directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents for examination a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and contains, in its interior, the essential parts of the organ of hearing. The petrous portion is among the most basal elements of the skull and forms part of the endocranium.[WP,unvetted].
The petrosal bone arises from the two otic bones on the lateral wall of the chondrocranium and encases the inner ear of mammals. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.258, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]
A bone which is fused with the temporal bone in many mammals and forms part of the cheek region articulating with quadrate and pterygoid in other vertebrates.
Paired, intramembranous bones that lie at the posterolateral margins of the skull. Lateral and dorsal to the quadrate.[AAO]
The squamosal bone is part of the dermatocranium in early tetrapods and becomes part of the mammalian occipital and temporal bones. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.246, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]
Taxon notes: The squamosal bone, which is homologous with the squama, and forms the side of the cranium in many bony fish and tetrapods. Primitively, it is a flattened plate-like bone, but in many animals it is narrower in form, for example, where it forms the boundary between the two temporal fenestrae of diapsid reptiles. Editor notes: consider separate class for squamosal OR making squamosal the primary label
Subdivision of skeletal system that surrounds and protects the brain. Includes the skull base, sensory capsules and the central part of the skull roof.
Anatomical cluster that consists of the cartilages and bones that surround the brain.[TAO]
Development notes: The cartilaginous parts of the neurocranium undergo endochondral ossification in most species; ossification has been lost in cartilaginous fishes, but the cartilaginous condition of the skull of lampreys is considered to be primitive (Kardong, 1995)[PMID:11523816]. The neurocranium arises from paraxial mesoderm in the head (first five somites and the unsegmented somitomeres rostral to the first somite) and from ectoderm via the neural crest. In Chondrichthyes and other cartilaginous vertebrates this portion of the cranium does not ossify; it is not replaced via endochondral ossification[WP]. Composition notes: It includes the following bones: Ethmoid bone, Frontal bone, Occipital bone, Parietal bone, Sphenoid bone, Temporal bone. The term cranium can be ambiguous, in that it can refer to the neurocranium, or the neurocranium and the Facial skeleton[WP] AO notes: It seems MA uses 'neurocranium' as a synonym for chondrocranium. Note there are currently some structures part of both viscero and neurocranium - ethmoid, zyogomatic, ...
The nasal septum separates the left and right airways in the nose, dividing the two nostrils. It is depressed by the Depressor septi nasi muscle. [WP,unvetted].
A median dividing wall, sagitally directed, which divides the nasal cavity into the right and the left nasal fossae. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Medial vertical wall between nasal capsules.[AAO]
Medial, vertical plate that separates the nasal capsules.[AAO]
Whatever the common ancestor of the lamprey and gnathostomes may have looked like, it most likely possessed a neural-crest-derived premandibular ectomesenchyme closely associated with the NHP. Invention of the jaw subsequently required a space for the nasal septum and maxillary process to develop, which might have been provided by subdivision of the NHP into the nasal placode and the hypophysis (diplorhiny, the state of bilaterally separated nasal openings, would also have been a prerequisite for this).[well established][VHOG]
We follow AAO in making this part of the nasal skeleton
a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face[WP].
Saclike space internal to the nasal capsule lined by respiratory and sensory epithelium and glandular tissue.[AAO]
Despite significant modification to the nasal cavity within Archosauria and its extreme hypertrophy and supraorbital development in Lambeosaurinae, the neural olfactory system and the olfactory region of the nasal cavity proper retain their plesiomorphic positions and associations, suggesting that this system is highly conserved in vertebrate evolution.[well established][VHOG]
the cavity includes and starts at the nares and reaches all the way through to the and includes the choanae, the posterior nasal apertures[HP]
Subdivision of skeleton which includes upper and lower jaw skeletons.
Skeletal and cartilage elements of the first pharyngeal arch.[TAO]
TODO: move ZFA:0001227 (it is the entire jaw skeleton). Editor notes: in FMA, the jaw is an organism subdivision cluster, and includes mucosal tissue such as the gingiva as parts. It appears to be skeletal in MA (and has teeth as parts). It is reasonable to assume that ZFA and XAO consider the upper and lower jaws to be skeletal elements or clusters. EHDAA2 also considers these clusters. TODO - follow EHDAA2 model. These arbitrary differences in terminology and classification have to be reconciled with the genuine well-known biological differences in the skeletal elements across vertebrates. Development notes: There are cellular contributions from all three embryonic germ layers: pharyngeal mesoderm, endoderm and neural crest that migrates out of the ectoderm (Noden, 1983).
Subdivision of head that consists of the upper jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm].
Superior maxillary arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.[AAO]
Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: Note isa/partof difference MA/FMA. See notes for jaw w.r.t skeletal element vs subdivision of head. See also
Subdivision of head that consists of the lower jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm].
Inferior mandibular arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.[AAO]
AO notes: Note isa/partof difference MA/FMA. See notes for jaw w.r.t skeletal element vs subdivision of head
An eyelid is a thin fold of skin that covers and protects an eyeball. With the exception of the prepuce and the labia minora, it has the thinnest skin of the whole body. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle retracts the eyelid to 'open' the eye. This can be either voluntarily or involuntarily. The human eyelid features a row of eyelashes which serve to heighten the protection of the eye from dust and foreign debris, as well as from perspiration. 'Palpebral' (and 'blepharo') means relating to the eyelids. Its key function is to regularly spread the tears and other secretion on the eye surface to keep it moist, since the cornea must be continuously moist. They keep the eyes from drying out when asleep. Moreover, the blink reflex protects the eye from foreign bodies. [WP,unvetted].
Each eyelid consists of the following layers, starting anteriorly: (1) skin, (2) a layer of subcutaneous connective tissue, (3) a layer of striated muscle fibres of the orbicularis muscle, (4) a layer of submuscular connective tissue, (5) a fibrous layer, including the tarsal plates, (6) a layer of smooth muscle, (7) the palpebral conjunctiva. AO notes: FMA divides this into skin, fascia, conjunctiva. Consider adding 'eye surface', like MA
The part of the palate formed from the fusion of the two palatine shelves, extensions of the maxillary prominences.
palatum secundarium; palatum definitivum
Function notes: separates respiratory and oral passages. Taxon notes: present in mammals and some reptiles. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but, in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separate. The secondary palate is formed by bilateral medial extensions of maxillary processes. The extensions (palatine processes) meet at the midline, merging dorsally with nasal septum and rostrally with primary palate. The secondary palate (hard palate) separates nasal and oral cavities. Caudal extension of the secondary palate into the pharynx, forms a soft palate which divides the rostral pharynx into dorsal (nasopharynx) and ventral (oropharynx) chamber.
The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in many other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech[GO].
A mobile mass of muscular tissue that is covered with mucous membrane, occupies much of the cavity of the mouth, forms part of its floor, bears the organ of taste, and assists in chewing and swallowing. [TFD][VHOG]
Muscular organ in the floor of the mouth.[FEED]
Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]
editor notes - in MA the tongue is part of the oral region, which in uberon is treated as the oral opening. consider revising oral opening - oral region equivalence. Taxon notes: Many species of fish have small folds at the base of their mouths that might informally be called tongues, but they lack a muscular structure like the true tongues found in most tetrapods. Development notes: The tongue has contributions from all pharyngeal arches which changes with time. The tongue initially begins as swelling rostral to foramen cecum, the median tongue bud.. tongue muscles derive from the somites - http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=Tongue_Development#Pharyngeal_Arch_Contributions
soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth. The soft palate is distinguished from the hard palate at the front of the mouth in that it does not contain bone[WP]. The soft palate is the posterior portion of the palate extending from the posterior edge of the hard palate[GO].
A muscular arch-shaped structure [is this an 'anatomical cluster�?] that is composed of the musculus uvuli and parts of tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus and attaches to the hard palate and modulates the connections between the oral cavity and pharynx soft tissue arch .[FEED]
lymphoid tissue ring located in the pharynx and to the back of the oral cavity. The ring consists of (from superior to inferior): Pharyngeal tonsil (also known as 'adenoids' when infected) Tubal tonsil (where Eustachian tube opens in the nasopharynx) Palatine tonsils (commonly called 'the tonsils' in the vernacular, less commonly termed 'faucial tonsils') Lingual tonsils Some animals, but not humans, have one or two additional tonsils: Soft palate tonsil Paraepiglottic tonsil[WP].
see also FMA:79771 naso-pharyngeal lymphoid tissue
The paired submandibular glands (submaxillary glands) are salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth. In humans, they account for 70% of the salivary volume and weigh about 15 grams. [WP,unvetted].
Either of two major salivary glands situated in the neck near the lower edge of each side of the mandible and emptying into the submandibular duct. [TFD][VHOG]
The most common oral glands in mammals are the salivary glands. There are usually three primary pairs of salivary glands, named for their approximate positions: mandibular (submandibular or submaxillary), sublingual, and parotid.[well established][VHOG]
Heterogeneous cluster that connects the pharynx to the tracheobronchial tree[FMA].
An anatomical cluster consisting of the epiglottus, the arytenoid cartilages, the thyroid cartilage, the cricoid cartilage and the muscles, membranes, and ligaments connecting them, and also of the mucosal covering these structures.[FEED]
Anatomical structure consisting of a narrowly triangular chamber supported by a series of semicircular cartilages in which part of the sound-production system is located.[AAO]
(In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) (In mammals) Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]
Portion of connective tissue with various types of white blood cells enmeshed in it, most numerous being the lymphocytes[WP].
Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular[VSAO].
Mineralized collagen containing substance that forms the tooth structure.[TAO]
Dentine is a bona fide vertebrate novelty, and dentine-secreting odontoblasts represent a cell type that is exclusively derived from the neural crest.[well established][VHOG]
Dentine is found in the fossil record as early as the late Cambrian, in fish, where it may have had a role in electrochemical sensing of the environment as well as assisting in defense[WP]. Editors note: note the asserted dual is_a parentage, as dentine is both skeletal tissue and a substance
Visible part of the ear that resides outside of the head. The purpose of the pinna is to collect sound. It does so by acting as a funnel, amplifying the sound and directing it to the ear canal. While reflecting from the pinna, sound also goes through a filtering process which adds directional information to the sound (see sound localization, head-related transfer function, pinna notch). The filtering effect of the human pinna preferentially selects sounds in the frequency range of human speech. In various species, the pinna can also signal mood and radiate heat.
The external expanded part of the ear characterized by a funnel-shaped structure through which the sound vibrations are received. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Mammals have a third type of tympanic ear. An external flap, the auricle or pinna, helps funnel sound waves down the external acoustic meatus to the tympanic membrane.[well established][VHOG]
The tissues that invest or help to invest and support the teeth, including the periodontal ligament, gingivae, cementum, and alveolar and supporting bone[BTO].
note FMA treats periodontium and periodontal ligament as the same
In anatomy, a nasal concha (or turbinate) is a long, narrow and curled bone shelf (shaped like an elongated sea-shell) which protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose. Turbinate bone refers to any of the scrolled spongy bones of the nasal passages in vertebrates. In humans, the turbinates divide the nasal airway into three groove-like air passages –and are responsible for forcing inhaled air to flow in a steady, regular pattern around the largest possible surface of cilia and climate controlling tissue. [WP,unvetted].
Note that FMA considers nasal concha and nasal concha of ethmoid bone to be synonymous. We disambiguate these here // Turbinals are only ossified in birds and derived synapsids.
Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina[ZFA]. The dental papilla is a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called odontoblasts, seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies below a cellular aggregation known as the enamel organ. The dental papilla appears after 8-10 weeks intra uteral life. The dental papilla gives rise to the dentin and pulp of a tooth. The enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental follicle together forms one unit, called the tooth germ. This is of importance because all the tissues of a tooth and its supporting structures form from these distinct cellular aggregations.
Cell condensation that is a well-defined population of densely organized mesenchymal cells that aggregates adjacent to an epithelium.[VSAO]
Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina.[TAO]
Teeth and tooth-like structures, together named odontodes, are repeated organs thought to share a common evolutionary origin. These structures can be found in gnathostomes at different locations along the body: oral teeth in the jaws, teeth and denticles in the oral-pharyngeal cavity, and dermal denticles on elasmobranch skin.[uncertain][VHOG]
pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited].
TODO - check child terms, isa vs partof. See also MA:0001284
a membrane in the eye, responsible for controlling the amount of light reaching the retina. The iris consists of pigmented fibrovascular tissue known as a stroma. It is the most forward portion of the eye and the only one seen on superficial inspection. The stroma connects a sphincter muscle (sphincter pupillae), which contracts the pupil, and a set of dilator muscles (dilator pupillae) which open it. The back surface is covered by a heavily pigmented epithelial layer two cells thick (the iris pigment epithelium), but the front surface has no epithelium. The high pigment content blocks light from passing through the iris and restricts it to the pupil. The outer edge of the iris, known as the root, is attached to the sclera and the anterior ciliary body. The iris and ciliary body together are known as the anterior uvea. Just in front of the root of the iris is the region through which the aqueous humour constantly drains out of the eye, with the result that diseases of the iris often have important effects on intraocular pressure, and indirectly on vision. Depending on the amount of light, the iris makes the pupil larger or smaller.
The opaque muscular contractile diaphragm suspended in the aqueous humour in front of the lens of the eye. The organ is perforated by the pupil and continues peripherally with the ciliary body. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Taxon notes: The avian iris and ciliary body undergoes a transition from smooth-to-striated muscle during embryonic development - dx.doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1998.9019
Opaque fibrous outer layer of the eyeball[ZFA,Kardong,WP].
The sclera, also known as the white part of the eye, is the opaque (usually white, though certain animals, such as horses and lizards, can have black sclera), fibrous, protective, outer layer of the eye containing collagen and elastic fiber. It is derived from the neural crest. In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the elderly, however, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow. The sclera forms the posterior five sixths of the connective tissue coat of the globe. It is continuous with the dura mater and the cornea, and maintains the shape of the globe, offering resistance to internal and external forces, and provides an attachment for the extraocular muscle insertions. The sclera is perforated by plenty of nerves and vessels passing through the posterior scleral foramen, the hole that is formed by the optic nerve. At the optic disk the outer two-thirds of the sclera continues with the dura mater (outer coat of the brain) via the dural sheath of the optic nerve. The inner third joins with some choroidal tissue to form a plate (lamina cribrosa) across the optic nerve with perforations through which the optic fibers (fasciculi). The thickness of the sclera varies from 1mm at the posterior pole to 0.3 mm just behind the rectus muscle insertions. The sclera's blood vessels are mainly on the surface, and together with the conjunctiva (which lies on top) This is a thin layer covering the sclera. Along with the vessels of the conjunctiva, those of the sclera renders the inflamed eye bright red. [WP,unvetted][Wikipedia:Sclera].
The tough, usually white, outer coat of the eyeball, covering all the posterior surface and continuous anteriorly with the cornea. [TFD][VHOG]
Development notes: Majority derives from NC that surrounds optic cup of neurectoderm; a small temporal portion develops from the mesoderm that contributes to striated extra-ocular muscles and vascular endothelia[Rada&Johnson]. Taxon notes: Multi-tissue structure that composes the opaque fibrous outer layer of the eye[ZFA] Seko et al demonstrate chondrogenic potential doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003709 and identify this as connective tissue. Disease notes: implicated in rheumatoid arthritis. Structure notes: continuous with the dura mater and the cornea; The sclera forms the posterior five-sixths of the connective tissue coat of the globe. Taxon notes: in fish, reptiles and monotremes the connective tissue of the sclera is skeletal
circumferential tissue inside the eye composed of the ciliary muscle and ciliary processes.
vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP].
check choroid vs choroid layer; check ZFA/TAO placement - no homology assertion in VHOG. Note this is entirely in the posterior region of eyeball in ZFA
Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the spinal cord. Examples: Fifth cervical spinal nerve, third lumbar spinal nerve.
Any of the paired nerves emerging from the spinal cord, each attached to the cord by two roots: ventral and dorsal, and passing out between the vertebrae. [TFD][VHOG]
any of the layers that make up the retina[MP].
Note that MA does not treat internal/external limiting memranes as layers - these are classified as laminae. Here we follow other ontologies in grouping with other layers. MA also treats retinal pigment epithelium and neural retina epithelium as distinct from the layers. We follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers - these are also classified as layers, giving us over the usual 10 layers
the clusters of neurons in the somatic peripheral nervous system which contain the cell bodies of sensory nerve axons, interneurons and non-neuronal supporting cells.
The anterior segment is the front third of the eye that includes the structures in front of the vitreous humour: the cornea, iris, ciliary body, and lens. Within the anterior segment are two fluid-filled spaces: the anterior chamber between the posterior surface of the cornea (i.e. the corneal endothelium) and the iris; the posterior chamber between the iris and the front face of the vitreous. Aqueous humor fills these spaces within the anterior segment and provides nutrients to the surrounding structures.
The posterior segment is the back two-thirds of the eye that includes the anterior hyaloid membrane and all structures behind it: the vitreous humor, retina, choroid, and optic nerve. On the anterior side of the lens is the aqueous humour which is bounded on all sides by the lens, ciliary body, suspensory ligaments, and by the cornea. It lets light through without refraction, helps maintain the shape of the eye and suspends the delicate lens. In some animals, the retina contains a reflective layer (the tapetum lucidum) which increases the amount of light each photosensitive cell perceives, allowing the animal to see better under low light conditions.
ganglion that has dendrites that form a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. There are two subtypes, sympathetic ganglion and parasympathetic ganglion.
Sympathetic ganglia are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They deliver information to the body about stress and impending danger, and are responsible for the familiar fight-or-flight response. They contain approximately 20000–30000 nerve cell bodies and are located close to and on either side of the spinal cord in long chains. [WP,unvetted].
ganglion of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system
sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system ganglion
Trunk ganglion which is part of a bilaterally paired set of sympathetic ganglia located anterior and lateral to the spinal cord.
Anatomical junction where subdivisions of two or more neural trees interconnect with one another to form a network through which nerve fibers of the constituent nerve trees become regrouped; together with other nerve plexuses, nerves and ganglia, it constitutes the peripheral nervous system. Examples: cervical nerve plexus, brachial nerve plexus, sacral nerve plexus[FMA].
in FMA this is a subtype of junction rather than tissue
The conjunctiva is a clear mucous membrane consisting of cells and underlying basement membrane that covers the sclera (white part of the eye) and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is made of epithelial tissue. [WP,unvetted].
A nerve plexus that is part of an autonomic nervous system [Automatically generated definition].
The fibrous investing tissue, covered by keratinized epithelium, that immediately surrounds a tooth and is contiguous with its periodontal ligament and with the mucosal tissues of the mouth[Glossary of Periodontal Terms 2001].
Editor notes: FMA has a 3-level breakdown of jaws into: region, jaw (skeleton+gums), skeleton.
the three largest glands of the oral cavity that secrete most of the saliva, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands.
There are 3 pairs of major salivary glands in human and mouse[ISBN10:0123813611]
The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands. It is found wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and it secretes saliva through Stensen's duct into the oral cavity, to facilitate mastication and swallowing. [WP,unvetted].
A mammalian salivary gland located caudal to the ear. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-22, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]
The mouse parotid, exorbital lacrimal gland and exocrine pancreas have similar histological appearances[ISBN10:0123813611]
One of the two fleshy folds which surround the opening of the mouth.
Surface structure that is one of the two fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth.[TAO]
In humans, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin[GO].
An intralobular duct found in salivary glands and involved in the production and transport of their secretions[BTO].
check taxonomy coverage - define functionally?
Note that this class is used more generically than in FMA, and includes e.g. cortex of hair
One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]
Part of the telencephalon consisting of either of the two smooth, elongated halves of the cerebrum.[AAO]
The presence of paired evaginated hemispheres and olfactory bulbs in both agnathan and gnathostome radiations suggests that such hemispheres were also present in the common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]
The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus[GO].
BTO says dentate gyrus = fascia dentata + hilus. Note that GO classifies dentate gyrus development under hippocampus development
A network formed by blood vessels and the tela choroidea which secretes CSF into the ventricular spaces.
A tuft of capillaries that project into the ventricles of the brain and secretes cerebral spinal fluid. The choroid plexus is covered by a cuboidal epithelium which maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.[TAO]
Fringe of the tela choroidea of the brain ventricles[MP]
TODO - check relationship to ventricle. Check subclass - ZFA says vasculature. Note that FMA:61934 (choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere) has exact synonym 'choroid plexus' but it is not clear that this belongs here, as the fourth ventricle is not in the cerebral hemisphere
The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon.
Most anterior of the three regions of the brain consisting of the telencephalon and diencephalon.[AAO]
The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
relationship loss: develops_from forebrain neural tube (TAO:0007041)[TAO]
In craniate embryos, neural expression of Distal-less-related genes is exclusively in the forebrain (...). Because the major neural expression domain of amphioxus AmphiDll is in the anterior three-fourths of the cerebral vesicle, we suggest that this region of the neural tube is homologous to parts of the craniate forebrain. This conclusion is strongly supported by three-dimensional, computer-assisted reconstruction of the neural tube of amphioxus based on serial transmission electron microscopy. At the neuroanatomical level, a number of detailed homologies are indicated between the anterior three-fourths of the amphioxus cerebral vesicle and the diencephalic region of the craniate forebrain. If one assumes that the amphioxus condition fairly represents the nervous system of the proximate ancestor of the craniates, one can suggest that they evolved from a creature that had the beginnings of a forebrain.[well established][VHOG]
Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the tectum, cerebral peduncle, midbrain tegmentum and cerebral aqueduct[FMA]. The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally[ZFA]. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles)[GO].
Middle part of the brain composed of the optic tectum and penducular region.[AAO]
The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]
Editors note: developmental relationships need revised. AO notes: part of brainstem in ABA - we reject this in favor of ISBN10:0471888893 which has an implicit overlaps relationships
Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, septum and fornix, as well as subcortical gray and white matter structures[FMA].
Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres.[AAO]
The anterior and dorsal forebrain neuromere, includes the olfactory bulb. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
relationship loss: develops_from presumptive telencephalon (TAO:0000571)[TAO]
From an evolutionary standpoint, the telencephalon is the most recent brain structure: the amphioxus does not have this structure as a morphological entity. Overt telencephalon is present in the hagfish and lamprey to receive numerous input fibers from various parts of the CNS, similar to gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG]
In mammals the cortex covers almost the whole of the cerebral hemispheres.
In ray-finned fishes the inner surfaces of the lateral and ventral regions of the cerebrum bulge up into the ventricles.
In the amniotes, the cerebrum becomes increasingly large and complex. In reptiles, the paleopallium is much larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum.
In the most primitive living vertebrates, the hagfishes and lampreys, the cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb.
The cerebrum of birds has evolved along different lines to that of mammals, although they are similarly enlarged, by comparison with reptiles. However, this enlargement is largely due to the basal ganglia, with the other areas remaining relatively primitive in structure.
dolphins are the only species (other than humans) to have cerebra accounting for as much as 2 percent of their body weight.
The telencephalon is the name for a large region within the brain that is attributed many functions. Many people refer to it as the cerebrum; however, it is technically referred to as the telencephalon. As a more technical definition, the telencephalon refers to the cerebral hemispheres and other, smaller structures within the brain, although the telencephalon is one of the larger divisions (in terms of number). It is the anterior-most embryological division of the brain that develops from the prosencephalon. The telencephalon is composed of the following sub-regions; Limbic system; Cerebral cortex or cortices of the cerebral hemispheres, Basal ganglia, Olfactory bulb. The telencephalon comprises what most people think of as the 'brain' It lies on top of the brainstem and is the largest and most well-developed of the five major divisions of the brain. The telencephalon is the newest structure in the phylogenetic sense, with mammals having the largest and most well-developed among all species. It emerges from the prosencephalon, the first of three vesicles that form from the embryonic neural tube (Christine Fennema-Notestine, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1115).
Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus[FMA]. The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995.
The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Unpaired part of the forebrain comprised of three major parts; the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.[AAO]
Note that in ABA, this is part of the brain stem
Rostral segment of the hindbrain that has as its parts the pons (where present) and the cerebellum.
The anterior of two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo. It gives rise to cerebellum and pons. [TFD][VHOG]
The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds[Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain]. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata and thus these are not distinguished in ZFA[ZFA].
Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures[FMA]. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate[GO].
Posterior portion of the hindbrain which controls respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and swallowing as well as some locomotor responses.[AAO]
The posterior region of the brain that is continuous with the spinal cord. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-17, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]
Classical anatomical studies subdivided the vertebrate rhombencephalon into pons and medulla oblongata. (...) The medulla oblongata appears therefore as a tagma, that is, a group of segmental units (pseudorhombomeres, in this case) sharing some morphological and molecular characteristics, and in some aspects different from the segmental units present in adjoining brain regions, pons and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]
A midline paired symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates, including humans. It is situated between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, both in terms of location and neurological connections. Its function includes relaying sensation, special sense and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, along with the regulation of consciousness, sleep and alertness. The thalamus surrounds the third ventricle. It is the main product of the embryonic diencephalon.
One of a pair of large oval nervous structures made of gray matter and forming most of the lateral walls of the third ventricle of the brain and part of the diencephalon. [TFD][VHOG]
Part of the diencephalon consisting of a mass of connecting fibers which relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex.[AAO]
(...) the brain regions of tetrapods, the structures they contain, and their basic organizational features are the same as in fishes.[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: MA and ZFA think there is a distinct dorsal thalamus, but FMA says its an exact synonym. FMA has a distinct class for thalamic complex.
A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. [ZFA]. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).[Wikipedia].
A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Part of the diencephalon ventral to the thalamus consisting of connecting fibers and is a center for control of the autonomous nervous system.[AAO]
For instance, the vertebrate ventral diencephalon generates the hypothalamus which functions as a major endocrine center in cooperation with the hypophysis, the anterior part of the pituitary gland, located just ventral to the hypothalamus. In the amphioxus brain, the presence of a hypothalamus-like structure has been reported associated with the ventrally located Hatschek's pit, the hypothetical hypophysial homologue. It is thus conceivable that a hypothalamus-like structure originally involved in endocrine functions may have already been present before the establishment of vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: all vertebrates contain a hypothalamus[WP].
Anterior part of the diencephalon that lies between the thalamus, hypothalamus, and tegmentum of the mesencephalon, including subthalamic nucleus, zona incerta, the fields of Forel, and the nucleus of ansa lenticularis[GO].
An epithelium that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition].
Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the mid intestine.[TAO]
The specialized accessory gland of the skin of female mammals that secretes milk. In the human female, it is a compound tubuloalveolar gland composed of 15 to 25 lobes arranged radially about the nipple and separated by connective and adipose tissue, each lobe having its own excretory (lactiferous) duct opening on the nipple. The lobes are subdivided into lobules, with the alveolar ducts and alveoli being the secretory portion of the gland[BTO]. The mouse forms five to six pairs of mammary glands that extend from the neck to the groin.
Any of the milk-producing apocrine glands typically occurring in pairs in female mammals and consisting of lobes containing clusters of alveoli with a system of ducts to convey the milk to an external nipple or teat. [TFD][VHOG]
The detailed similarities of mammary glands in living monotremes, marsupials, and eutherians argue for a monophyletic origin of these glands, perhaps by the combination of parts of preexisting sebaceous and sweat glands.[well established][VHOG]
Note that this class corresponds to the generic mammary gland. The human mammary gland is in the thoracic/breast region and is therefore covered by the subclass "thoracic mammary gland" // Males typically only have rudimentary mammary glands, The male Dayak fruit bat has lactating mammary glands. Male lactation occurs infrequently in some species. We make a part_of association to female organism for now as this is the canonical case // AO notes: in MP, this is implicitly part of female reproductive system, but not female genitalia // A mouse mammary gland contains a single duct or sinus, forming 5-10 secondary ducts
Secretion produced by the mammary gland.[FMA]
AO notes: ncit:Milk refers specifically to cow milk
An endothelium that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition].
The endothelium is the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.[AAO]
Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG]
An endothelium that is part of a vein [Automatically generated definition].
The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted].
Ventral part of the midbrain, separated from the hindbrain by the isthmus[ISBN10:0471888893]. Subdivision of the midbrain lying anterior to the tectum and posterior to the substantia nigra and cerebral peduncle[FMA] The part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section of the midbrain. It forms the floor of the midbrain that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct[WP].
Together, our results reveal a shared basic organization in the tegmental domains of the diencephalon and midbrain of developing lamprey, indicating early appearance of the domain in vertebrate phylogeny.[well established][VHOG]
'tegmentum' is used generically for the ventral part of the brainstem (ISBN10:0471888893). We use the label 'midbrain tegmentum' to denote the midbrain structure. In NIFSTD tegmentum is a composite structure and there is a separate class for midbrain tegmentum and pontine tegmentum
A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord.
A stratified squamous epithelium consisting of a basal layer; it is keratinized or parakeratinized[BTO].
In humans: 15% orthokeratinized, 75% parakeratinized, 10% non-keratinized; diurnal; decreased keratinization with age. Note that in FMA this is classified as keratinized squamous - this perhaps refers to the epithelium of the attached or free gingiva
The neocortex is a part of the brain of mammals. It is the outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres, and made up of six layers, labelled I to VI (with VI being the innermost and I being the outermost). The neocortex is part of the cerebral cortex (along with the archicortex and paleocortex, which are cortical parts of the limbic system). It is involved in higher functions such as sensory perception, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning, conscious thought and, in humans, language. Other names for the neocortex include neopallium and isocortex ('equal rind'). [WP,unvetted].
A paired structure, with mirror-image halves in the left and right sides of the brain. The hippocampus is closely associated with the cerebral cortex, and in primates is located in the medial temporal lobe, underneath the cortical surface. It is shaped like a curved tube[WP].
WP: Non-mammalian species do not have a brain structure that looks like the mammalian hippocampus, but they have one that is considered homologous to it. The hippocampus, as pointed out above, is essentially the medial edge of the cortex. Only mammals have a fully developed cortex, but the structure it evolved from, called the pallium, is present in all vertebrates, even the most primitive ones such as the lamprey or hagfish.[82] The pallium is usually divided into three zones: medial, lateral, and dorsal. The medial pallium forms the precursor of the hippocampus. It does not resemble the hippocampus visually, because the layers are not warped into an S shape or enwrapped by the dentate gyrus, but the homology is indicated by strong chemical and functional affinities. There is now evidence that these hippocampal-like structures are involved in spatial cognition in birds, reptiles, and fish. In birds, the correspondence is sufficiently well established that most anatomists refer to the medial pallial zone as the "avian hippocampus". The story for fish is more complex. In teleost fish (which make up the great majority of existing species), the forebrain is distorted in comparison to other types of vertebrates: most neuroanatomists believe that the teleost forebrain is essentially everted, like a sock turned inside-out, so that structures that lie in the interior, next to the ventricles, for most vertebrates, are found on the outside in teleost fish, and vice versa.[86] One of the consequences of this is that the medial pallium ("hippocampal" zone) of a typical vertebrate is thought to correspond to the lateral pallium of a typical fish. Several types of fish (particularly goldfish) have been shown experimentally to have strong spatial memory abilities, even forming "cognitive maps" of the areas they inhabit.[80] There is evidence that damage to the lateral pallium impairs spatial memory.
diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin[WP]. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes[GO].
Editor notes: todo - add part relationships to specific layers
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in digestive tract. includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules[GO].
Editor notes: phylogenetic relationships to be added. Taxon notes: guts of jawless fish contains cells with lymphocyte-like morphology (Mayer 2002).
Body substance which consists of spermatozoa and seminal plasma.[FMA]
Taxon notes: Note that in this ontology, semen is defined as the sum of sperm and seminal fluid, where seminal fluid is defined a taxonomically generic way (see comments for UBERON:0006530).
a bitter-tasting, dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver of most vertebrates, that aids the process of digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum. Bile is a composition of the following materials: water (85%), bile salts (10%), mucus and pigments (3%), fats (1%), inorganic salts (0.7%) and cholesterol (0.3%)[WP].
Body substance in solid state produced by odontoblasts, amyloblasts or cementoblasts.[FMA]
note the asserted dual parentage. This is deliberate, pending better definitions of the distinction between substance and tissue
Subdivision of venous tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the capillary vessel.
Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature formed by the anastomosis of capillaries. Venules carry blood toward the heart.[TAO]
the smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries[GO]. Subdivision of arterial tree (organ) which is directly continuous with capillary vessel[FMA].
Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature, feeds into capillaries. Arterioles carry blood away from the heart.[TAO]
Small, terminal branch of an artery which generally connects to capillaries.[AAO]
A vessel through which blood circulates in the body.
Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body. [XAO:0001011_][VHOG]
Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body.[AAO]
note that FMA:63183 Blood vessel is categorized as 'general anatomical term'. Suggestion to map to region of vascular tree from Terry H at JAX. Taxon notes: annelids have blood vessels, but this class is not applicable to annelids.
Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules.
Any of the tiny blood vessels connecting the arterioles to the venules.[AAO]
Structure notes: capillaries lack tunica media and tunica adventitia; only the endothelial wall of the tunica intima belongs
A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA]
The term ‘‘endothelium’’ has been either restricted to the continuous cell layer of the vertebrates, as we are assuming here, or applied to all the cells able to adhere to the luminal surface of the vascular basement membrane (Casley-Smith 1980)
organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell.
Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated data set using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and distance based (neighbour joining) methods all converged on a nearly identical, well supported topology defining four principal eutherian lineages. The results affirm monophyly of traditional placental orders (except Artiodactyla and Insectivora), and also support some previously proposed, as well as new, superordinal clades.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: Eutherians: In eutherians, the chorioallantoic membrane of the fetus establishes intimate contact with the adjacent vascular wall of the mother's uterus to produce the placenta, a composite structure formed in part from tissues of the fetus and in part from tissues of the mother [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"]. TODO - is taxon restriction too strict, even if we restrict def to allantoic placenta? - WP says: also found in some snakes and lizards with varying levels of development up to mammalian levels. Pough et al. 1992. Herpetology: Third Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall:Pearson Education, Inc., 2002. // See also: doi:10.1002/jmor.11011 // Marsupials possess only a rudimentary placenta, with reduced nutrient and oxygen exchanging capabilities.
The cervical ganglia are paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They consist of three paravertebral ganglia: superior cervical ganglion middle cervical ganglion inferior cervical ganglion. The inferior ganglion may be fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form a single structure, the stellate ganglion. Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things. [WP,unvetted].
Dense irregular connective tissue of the skin that consists of fibroblasts, various connective tissue cell types, and collagen, predominantly type III.[FMA]
The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation[GO].
The pulmonary plexus is an autonomic plexus formed from pulmonary branches of vagus nerve and the sympathetic trunk. It supplies the Bronchial tree. [WP,unvetted].
The pulmonary arteries carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart, the pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery) begins at the base of the right ventricle. It is short and wide - approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length and 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries (left and right), which deliver deoxygenated blood to the corresponding lung. [WP,unvetted].
Major artery which supplies blood to the lungs.[AAO]
One of two arteries, leaving from the heart, the left one supplying the left lung and the right one supplying the right lung. [TFD][VHOG]
On the other hand, in the sister clade of the actinopterygians, the sarcopterygians, the gill circulation is supplemented with lung ventilation. As a result, the pulmonary artery and vein and a functional ductus arteriosus arose as a major evolutionary innovation from the sixth arch, giving the organism a flexible shunt to balance blood supply to and from gills and lungs according to environmental conditions.[well established][VHOG]
Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the lungs to the heart[GO].
Any of the veins which collect blood from the lungs and some small vesicles received from the esophagus.[AAO]
One of two pairs of large vessels that return oxygenated blood from each lung to the left atrium of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]
Soft tissue that lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within joints with cavities (synovial joints).
Phylogenetically, synovium is one of the newer attributes of the vertebrate locomotor apparatus. The first synovial joints developed in the piscine jaw of ancestors of modern lungfish by an evolutionary process that modified preexisting fibrous and cartilaginous joints, which were the predominant articulation of the early sea- and land-dwelling vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
membrana synovialis capsulae articularis
synovial layer of articular capsule of synovial joint
synovial membrane of articular capsule of synovial joint
synovium of articular capsule of synovial joint
Heterogeneous cluster of neural somas in the brain and the spinal cord.
Multi-tissue comprised of neurons, dendrites, axon terminals, glial cells, and capillaries.[TAO]
The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain. In mammals and birds the hindbrain is divided into a rostral metencephalon and a caudal myelencephalon. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata (From: Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain)[ZFA]. Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata[FMA].
Posterior part of the brain consisting of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata.[AAO]
The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain, forming the rhombencephalon and all or most of the metencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
relationship loss: develops_from hindbrain neural tube (TAO:0007043)[TAO]
in MA, brainstem and hindbrain and part-of siblings under brain, consistent with FMA and NIF. See also notes for cerebellum. We weaken the relation in ABA to overlaps
Projection of skin containing the outlets for 15-20 lactiferous ducts arranged cylindrically around the tip.
Notes: a male mouse has no nipples - mammary tissue regresses during embryonic development. FMA makes this part of the breast, whereas in MA it is part of the mammary gland -
An epithelium that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition].
Tissue which consists of striated muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue, Cardiac muscle tissue[FMA].
Voluntary muscle tissue arranged in bundles of fibers.[AAO]
Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement[MESH]. A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe[BTO]. Brain structure derived from the anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain. The cerebellum plays a role in somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone, and balance[ZFA].
Dorsal part of the hindbrain that coordinates muscle movement, posture, and balance.[AAO]
Specialized brain region derived from the dorsal metencephalon (anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain) and becoming distinctive late in the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
However, although the lamprey possesses a region comparable to the cerebellum and display expression of LjFgf8/17 at the MHB (midbrain hindbrain boundary), it does not have Purkinje cells and cerebellar nuclei, as well as components of the rhombic lip-derived cerebellar and pre-cerebellar systems. It is noteworthy that the latter structures require specific expression of Pax6 in the rhombic lip of the gnathostome hindbrain. Interestingly, the lamprey rhombic lip does not express Pax6. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that in vertebrate evolution the rostral hindbrain is incapable of differentiating into the cerebellum before the co-option of Pax6 in that region. In other words, cerebellum has been brought about as an evolutionary innovation in gnathostomes, based on exaptation of MHB, rhombic lip, and some regulatory gene expression already present in the vertebrate common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]
note that almost all AOs agree that the cerebellum is part of the hindbrain (sometimes specifically part of the metencephalon, which, when present, is part of the hindbrain). However, ABA has cerebellum and brain stem as partof siblings, with the hindbrain part of the brainstem
A two-lobed endocrine gland found in all vertebrates, located in front of and on either side of the trachea in humans, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin[BTO].
Either of paired structures located in the throat which develop from the ventral wall of the pharynx and excretes hormones involved in the morphological and functional changes during metamorphosis as well as influencing other tissues.[AAO]
(...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (2) a groove in the pharyngeal floor known as the endostyle, or a thyroid gland derived from part of the endostyle (...).[well established][VHOG]
In fish, it is usually located below the gills and is not always divided into distinct lobes. However, in some teleosts, patches of thyroid tissue are found elsewhere in the body, associated with the kidneys, spleen, heart, or eyes
In larval lampreys, the thyroid originates as an exocrine gland, secreting its hormones into the gut, and associated with the larva's filter-feeding apparatus. In the adult lamprey, the gland separates from the gut, and becomes endocrine, but this path of development may reflect the evolutionary origin of the thyroid. For instance, the closest living relatives of vertebrates, the tunicates and Amphioxus, have a structure very similar to that of larval lampreys, and this also secretes iodine-containing compounds (albeit not thyroxine)
In tetrapods, the thyroid is always found somewhere in the neck region. In most tetrapod species, there are two paired thyroid glands - that is, the right and left lobes are not joined together. However, there is only ever a single thyroid gland in most mammals, and the shape found in humans is common to many other species
Respiration organ present in all air-breathing animals whose principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere[WP]. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax[GO].
Either of two organs which allow gas exchange absorbing oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide with exhaled air.[AAO]
Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata. (...) In actinopterygian fishes, apart from Cladistia, the ventral intestinal pocket migrates dorsally and becomes the swim-bladder, a mainly hydrostatical organ (reference 1); Comparative transcriptome analyses indicate molecular homology of zebrafish swimbladder and Mammalian lung (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
respiration organ in all air-breathing animals, including most tetrapods, a few fish and a few snails. In mammals and the more complex life forms, the two lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart. Their principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This exchange of gases is accomplished in the mosaic of specialized cells that form millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs called alveoli. // Avian lungs do not have alveoli as mammalian lungs do, they have Faveolar lungs. They contain millions of tiny passages known as para-bronchi, connected at both ends by the dorsobronchi // Snakes and limbless lizards typically possess only the right lung as a major respiratory organ; the left lung is greatly reduced, or even absent. Amphisbaenians, however, have the opposite arrangement, with a major left lung, and a reduced or absent right lung [WP]
an interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism[ZFA]. Examples: vasculature of lung, vasculature of face.
see also: vascular system. Consider merging?
Anatomical structure that is part of an embryo.
Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[AAO]
Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[TAO]
Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[VSAO]
Note in FMA embryo is_a embryonic structure
The femoral artery is a large artery in the muscles of the thigh. It is a continuation of external iliac artery where it enters the femoral triangle at the mid inguinal point behind the inguinal ligament. It leaves femoral triangle through apex beneath the sartorius muscle. It enters the popliteal fossa by passing through the 5th osseo-aponeurotic(adductor hiatus) opening of adductor magnus where it becomes the Popliteal Artery. [WP,unvetted].
Artery which supplies blood via branches to the hindlimbs.[AAO]
The truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis are divided by the aorticopulmonary septum. The truncus arteriosus gives rise to the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The bulbus cordis gives rise to the smooth parts (outflow tract) of the left and right ventricles.
AO notes: assume spelling error for ncit
One of two paired cardinal veins that return blood from the body of the embryo[Kardong]
Continuation of the caudal vein cranial to the anal pore. The cardinal vein splits into a pair of vessels in the cranial trunk, just caudal to the radix of the aorta. The posterior cardinals each empty into the common cardinal vein. [TAO]
Either of two veins which receive blood as an alternate route from the kidneys.[AAO]
relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO]
relationship loss: part_of cardinal system (TAO:0000096)[TAO]
In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]
...join with the corresponding right and left cardinal veins to form the left common cardinal veins, which empty in the sinus venosus. Most of the posterior cardinal veins regress, what remains of them forms the renal segment of the inferior vena cava and the common iliac veins. Later in the development stages, the posterior cardinal veins are replaced by the subcardinal and supracardinal veins. The subcardinal veins form part of the inferior vena cava, renal veins and gonadal veins. The supracardinal veins form part of the inferior vena cava, the intercostal veins, hemiazygos vein and azygos vein[WP]
The umbilical vein is a blood vessel present during fetal development that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the growing fetus. [WP,unvetted].
Extraembryonic part of the vein passing through the umbilical cord to the fetus and returning the purified and nutrient blood from the placenta. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]
The dermis is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues, and is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis[WP].
A collagenous layer of the skin subjacent to the epidermis and covering the hypodermis. It contains various types of cells (e.g. fibroblasts, pigment cells, nerve, blood vessels and scales. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]
When approaching controversies surrounding skin evolution, we need to remember that the skin consists of two layers, an epidermis and a dermis, not a single evolving structure. (...) It is little wonder that controversies about homology exist. If we think of the epidermis, the dermis, and their interactions as an evolving unit, then their specialized products (hair, feathers, and reptilian scales) are broadly homologous.[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: Consider adding a layer-of-skin grouping class for all skin layers
Lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. It is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the dermatome region of the mesoderm. The hypodermis is used mainly for fat storage[WP]. A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells[FMA].
A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]
AO Notes: BTO has 'subcutis', as part of dermis. We follow FMA in having distinct classes for hypoderis and superficial fascia, and including these as part of the non-skin intgeument.
a tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open[GO].
The earliest reliable record of hair is found in a fossil of the Paleocene period, in which the structure of hair cuticles is preserved. Its appearance suggests that the complicated structure of the hair follicle, closely similar to that of present-day mammals, had already appeared at this time.[well established][VHOG]
An organ that is located within the body cavity (or in its extension, in the scrotum); it consists of organ parts that are embryologically derived from endoderm, splanchnic mesoderm or intermediate mesoderm; together with other organs, the viscus constitutes the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive and immune systems, or is the central organ of the cardiovascular system. Examples: heart, lung, esophagus, kidney, ovary, spleen. // An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper.
An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper.[AAO]
general anatomical term in FMA. Note that we place the MA class here temporarily, although properly systems should be distinguished from organs
Cardiac chamber which consists of a wall that surrounds the cavity of an atrium.[FMA]
One of two chambers of the heart which receive blood from the veins and forces it by muscular contration to the ventricle.[AAO]
In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...).[well established][VHOG]
Cardiac chamber which consists of a wall that surrounds the cavity of a ventricle.
A chamber of the heart that receives blood from one or more atria and pumps it by muscular contraction into the arteries.[AAO]
In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...)[well established][VHOG]
The post-cranial subdivision of skeleton structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; in Danio, consisting of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins; in human consists of the bones of the vertebral column, the thoracic cage and the pelvis[ZFA+FMA].
Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum.[VSAO]
The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, a metameric, semi-flexible, arched bar located in the dorsal part of the trunk, and is formed by a series of cartilaginous or bony vertebrae. It provides suspension for the appendicular skeleton and protection for the spinal nerve cord.[AAO]
The post-cranial structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; usually consists of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins.[TAO]
The axial musculoskeletal system represents the plesiomorphic locomotor engine of the vertebrate body, playing a central role in locomotion. In craniates, the evolution of the postcranial skeleton is characterized by two major transformations. First, the axial skeleton became increasingly functionally and morphologically regionalized. Second, the axial-based locomotion plesiomorphic for craniates became progressively appendage-based with the evolution of extremities in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]
previous some AOs had used the term 'axial skeleton' to include the skull. This is being resolved (see tracker items above). Status: MA - fixed.
Subdivision of skeleton which which consists of all the skeletal elements in in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes[cjm].
Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes.[VSAO]
Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO]
The pectoral and pelvic girdles, which articulate with the axial skeleton, together with their associated limbs, the forelimbs and hind limbs, form the appendicular skeleton.[AAO]
Note that ontologies differ in whether they treat the term appendicular skeleton as being the entire set of bones in the limbs, or whether the fore and hind limbs/fins are treated as seperate appendicular skeletons. Here we follow FMA, and treat the appendicular skeleton as the sum total of skeletal elements in the organism (this is evidenced by the fact that in FMA, skeleton of left/right upper/lower limb is part_of a appendicular skeleton, and subtypes of 'subdivision of appendicular skeleton'). We have separate classes such as 'skeleton of limb', and 'skeleton of hindlimb' for the 4 parts of the appendicular skeleton. In future the ZFA/TAO classes may be moved.
Anatomical organ component composed of a double layer of serous membrane that suspends a viscus from the body wall or connects adjacent viscera and in doing so conveys blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves to and from the viscera. Examples: greater omentum, broad ligament of uterus, sigmoid mesocolon.
Note that in Uberon, this term is used in the generic sense, not necessarily restricted to the peritoneum, consistent with FMA. WP: "In anatomy, the mesentery is the double layer of peritoneum that suspends the jejunum and ileum from the posterior wall of the abdomen. Its meaning, however, is frequently extended to include double layers of peritoneum connecting various components of the abdominal cavity.". TODO - check. Consider FMA:259286 - Region of mesentery.
Nonparenchymatous organ that consists of the dermis and epidermis. Subdivisions of the skin surround various body parts; as a whole, the skin constitutes the external layer of the body. Examples: There is only one skin[FMA]. Surface structure that consists of the external membranous integument of the animal.
Note that FMA uses 'skin' for the entire organ. XAO seems consistent. MA seems to use it analagously to zone of skin
Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the cervical region (or head, when cervical region not present) and anterior to the caudal region. Includes the sacrum when present.
Organism subdivision that is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.[AAO]
Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.[TAO]
A paired appendage that is evolved from a paired fin. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the girdle and its parts.
Organism subdivision that has as its parts the jointed appendages used for locomotion and manipulation.[AAO]
A (free) limb that is connected to a pelvic girdle region. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its parts.
Lower limb, which connects the pes with the pelvic girdle.[AAO]
AO notes: note that this corresponds to FMA:'free lower limb' (a limb segment), NOT 'lower limb'. Both MA and FMA consider shoulder (and shoulder bones) part of upper limb. Note that AAO class probably refers to skeleton
A sensory system for the sense of hearing[WP].
The sensory system used for balance and hearing.[AAO]
Auditory system is general anatomical term in FMA
Organ found in virtually all vertebrate animals with important roles in regard to red blood cells and the immune system. In humans, it is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. It removes old red blood cells and holds a reserve in case of hemorrhagic shock, especially in animals like horses (not in humans), while recycling iron. It synthesizes antibodies in its white pulp and removes, from blood and lymph node circulation, antibody-coated bacteria along with antibody-coated blood cells.
An organ involved in red blood cell filtration and immune response.[AAO]
With the advent of clonal selection, the accumulation and segregation of T and B cells in specialized organs for antigen presentation became necessary, and indeed the spleen is found in all jawed vertebrates, but not in agnathans or invertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: Neither hagfish nor lampreys possess what might be considered a discrete and condensed spleen. Hagfish possess dispersed lymphoid tissue within the submucosa of the intestine (96) associated with the portal vein (97), whereas lymphoid tissue is associated with the typhlosole portion of the intestine in lampreys (96) [PMID:20959416]
An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO].
Organ which secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins.[AAO]
relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO]
All vertebrates possess a liver (reference 1); Later in craniate evolution, an anterior gill arch was transformed into jaws, and many new types of feeding subsequently evolved.(...) A liver evolved that, among its many functions, stores considerable energy as glycogen or lipid (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: Only ZFA considers this part_of immune system - we weaken this to an overlaps relation, as in general it's only a subset of cells that have clear immune function. Taxon notes: WP: The liver is found in all vertebrates, and is typically the largest visceral organ. Its form varies considerably in different species, and is largely determined by the shape and arrangement of the surrounding organs. Nonetheless, in most species it is divided into right and left lobes; exceptions to this general rule include snakes, where the shape of the body necessitates a simple cigar-like form. The internal structure of the liver is broadly similar in all vertebrates.[7] An organ sometimes referred to as a liver is found associated with the digestive tract of the primitive chordate Amphioxus. However, this is an enzyme secreting gland, not a metabolic organ, and it is unclear how truly homologous it is to the vertebrate liver. // The zebrafish liver differs from the mammalian liver in that the hepatocytes are not clearly organized in cords or lobules and the typical portal triads are not apparent. In addition, the zebrafish liver does not have Kuppfer cells. Furthermore, a clear distinction can be made between the male and female liver in the adult zebrafish. The female hepatocytes are very basophilic (Figure 15c) as a result of the production of vitellogenin (Van der Ven et al. 2003).
Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong].
The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]
A paired organ which has the production of urine as its primary function.
One of either of a pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine.[AAO]
The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one).
The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum.
In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10–15 inches (25–38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz.
The jejunum is the middle section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms middle intestine or mid-gut may be used instead of jejunum. [WP,unvetted].
The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
TODO consider ZFA:0001323 mid intestine, see also small intestine
The ileum is the final section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms posterior intestine or distal intestine may be used instead of ileum. [WP,unvetted].
TODO consider ZFA:0000706 posterior intestine, see also colon
In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensible for larval life[GO].
A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the anterior region of the nephric ridge; forms only as a transient embryonic structure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.748][VHOG]
Organ that serves as a transient kidney, providing osmoregulation during early developmental stages and then degenerating during metamorphosis.[AAO]
The embryonic kidney, present at the level of the third somite, is composed of two glomeruli fused at the midline, two pronephric tubules, and paired bilateral pronephric ducts that modify the composition of the blood filtrate before delivering it to the cloaca for excretion.Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
In all vertebrate embryos, the kidney begins with the differentiation of a few renal tubules from the anterior end of the nephric ridge overlying the pericardial cavity. (...) This early-developing embryonic kidney is called the pronephros.[well established][VHOG]
Once the more complex mesonephros forms the pronephros undergoes apoptosis in amphibians. In fishes the nephron degenerates but the organ remains and becomes a component of the immune system[Wikipedia:Pronephros]. // TODO - check developmental relationships. Note that we previously include the ZFA/XAO terms under the more specific 'pronephric kidney', but these are now merged. TODO GCI: relationship: capable_of GO:0030104
Lung which consists of the right upper lobe, middle lobe and right lower lobe.[FMA]
Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata.[well established][VHOG]
Lung which consists of the left upper lobe and left lower lobe.[FMA]
A portion of the airway that connects to the lungs[GO].
Each of the two primary divisions of the trachea leading respectively into the right and the left lung. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
In humans, the main bronchus is histologically identical to trachea; 2ary and 3ary bronchi are not; epithelium becomes simple columnar, goblet cell number decreases, elastic fibers in lamina propria increases, distribution more uniform. Muscular layer between mucosa and submucosa appears. cartilage rings become discontinuous plates connected by fibrous connective tissue
the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchus[GO].
Structure notes: lacks submucosa and cartilage plates; they have 3 layers: mucosa, muscular layer and outer layer[ISBN10:0123813611]
An adipose tissue that is part of a hypodermis.
Anatomical cluster consisting of the hematopoietic system and the lymphoid system, or its analogs.
The glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction[WP]. The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mammalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish[ZFA].
Region of the pituitary gland derived from the buccal protrusion consisting of three regions.[AAO]
The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mamalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish. Herzog et al, 2004.[TAO]
It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]
note that BTO may contain an error here. Also note we may need to introduce taxon-specific developmental relationships: "While in most basal fish and tetrapods the adenohypophyseal anlagen invaginates to form Rathke’s pouch, in teleost fish the adenohypophyseal placode does not invaginate but rather maintains its initial organization forming a solid structure in the head"[NBK53175]
comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system[WP].
The infundibular part of the pituitary gland consisting of two regions.[AAO]
Editor note - request magnocellular cell from CL. Request oxytocin secretion from GO. Notes: "The hypophysis or pituitary gland is derived, in part from an ectodermal outpocketing of the stomodeum (Rathke's Pouch) and in part from the floor of the diencephalon" [http://syllabus.med.unc.edu/courseware/embryo_images/]
Anatomical system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages.[AAO]
Surface structure that is the outer protective covering of the body.[VSAO]
The outer protective barrier that separates the animal from its aquatic environment. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]
Usage notes: in FMA intergument = skin+superficial fascia(hypodermis), skin=dermis+epidermis+hair_nail. Note that the definition provided here excludes the more general sense of the term 'integument' used in invertebrates. Note that the VSAO class appears to include adnexa by its definition.
Vasculature that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
A vasculature that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
Vasculature that is part of the eye region.
not part of the eye in ZFA. Note this changed to a blood vessel in ZFA
Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems.
Anatomical system that provides locomotion and physical support to the organism.[AAO]
There are more than 50,000 extant vertebrate species, representing over 500 million years of evolution. During that time, the vertebrate musculoskeletal systems have adapted to aquatic, terrestrial, fossorial, and arboreal lifestyles, while simultaneously retaining functionally integrated axial and appendicular skeletal systems.[well established][VHOG]
Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, gomphosis.[FMA]
A joint where fibrous tissue such as ligament connects two calcified tissues.[TAO]
we make nerve root continuous_with nerve to avoid inconsistencies with the spatial disjointness constraint between PNS and CNS, with nerves part_of CNS. FMA has segment of nerve with subtypes: segment of sympathetic trunk, nerve root, nerve rootlet, nerve root proper
Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by cartilage. Examples: Spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint, pubic symphysis.[FMA]
Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA]
Is a joint that is located at the point of contact of articulating bones allowing movement. The joint has a capsule containing synovial fluid surrounding the articulating bone surfaces.[TAO]
Body cavity subdivision which is enclosed by the thoracic wall and the diaphragm[FMA].
An intersegmental rod-shaped bone that forms in the peritoneal membrane and attach to the vertebral parapophyses. They protect and support internal organs. In most vertebrates, ribs surround the chest. they enable lungs to expand by expanding the chest, they also protect the lungs, heart, and other internal organs of the thorax. In some animals, especially snakes, ribs may provide support and protection for the entire body.
Endochondral bone that is intersegmental and rod-shaped, forming in the peritoneal membrane and attached to the vertebral parapophyses. Ribs protect and support internal organs.[TAO]
Endochondral, rodlike element that articulates with the transverse process and parapophysis (double-headed rib), or with the transverse process only (single-headed rib); it extends into the body wall and provides a site for muscle attachment.[AAO]
Humans have 24 ribs (12 pairs). The first seven sets of ribs, known as "true ribs", are directly attached to the sternum through the costal cartilage. The following five sets are known as "false ribs", three of these sharing a common cartilaginous connection to the sternum, while the last two (eleventh and twelfth ribs) are termed floating ribs (costae fluitantes) or vertebral ribs. They are attached to the vertebrae only, and not to the sternum or cartilage coming off of the sternum. Some people are missing one of the two pairs of floating ribs, while others have a third pair. Rib removal is the surgical excision of ribs for therapeutic or cosmetic reasons. In fish, there are often two sets of ribs attached to the vertebral column. One set, the dorsal ribs, are found in the dividing septum between the upper and lower parts of the main muscle segments, projecting roughly sideways from the vertebral column. The second set, of ventral ribs arise from the vertebral column just below the dorsal ribs, and enclose the lower body, often joining at the tips. Not all species possess both types of rib, with the dorsal ribs being most commonly absent. Sharks, for example, have no dorsal ribs, and only very short ventral ribs, while lampreys have no ribs at all. In some teleosts, there may be additional rib-like bones within the muscle mass. Tetrapods, however, only ever have a single set of ribs which are probably homologous with the dorsal ribs of fishes. In the early tetrapods, every vertebra bore a pair of ribs, although those on the thoracic vertebrae are typically the longest. The sacral ribs were stout and short, since they formed part of the pelvis, connecting the backbone to the hip bones.[1] In most subsequent forms, many of these early ribs have been lost, and in living amphibians and reptiles, there is great variation in rib structure and number. For example, turtles have only eight pairs of ribs, which are developed into a bony or cartilagenous carapace and plastron, while snakes have numerous ribs running along the full length of their trunk. Frogs typically have no ribs, aside from a sacral pair, which form part of the pelvis.[1]. In birds, ribs are present as distinct bones only on the thoracic region, although small fused ribs are present on the cervical vertebrae. The thoracic ribs of birds possess a wide projection to the rear; this uncinate process is an attachment for the shoulder muscles.[1]. Mammals usually also only have distinct ribs on the thoracic vertebra, although fixed cervical ribs are also present in monotremes. In marsupials and placental mammals, the cervical and lumbar ribs are found only as tiny remnants fused to the vertebrae, where they are referred to as transverse processes. In general, the structure and number of the true ribs in humans is similar to that in other mammals. Unlike reptiles, caudal ribs are never found in mammals.[1]
A rib that is not directly ventrally connected to the sternum.
A rib that is not connected to sternum or sternal cartilage.
Elongated, approximately cylindrical part of the central nervous system that lies in the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge.
Part of the central nervous system which descends from the hindbrain within the vertebral column.[AAO]
Endoskeletal elements that encase the brain, nose, inner ear[cjm]. that part of the neurocranium formed by endochondral ossification and comprising the bones of the base of the skull[TFD].
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.[AAO]
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.[TAO]
Editor/AO notes: we follow the standard evolutionary classification and treat this as endoskeletal. This means what MA calls 'chondrocranium' must in fact be neurocranium, as it includes parts of the dermatocranium (e.g. frontal, parietal). Taxon notes: covers the brain dorsally in chondrichthyans
One of the bones of the upper jaw situated between and in front of the maxillae[VHOG].
Dermal bone that forms the anteriormost element of the upper jaw. It articulates with the maxilla posterodorsally and its antimere medially. The premaxilla is paired.[TAO]
One of the bones of the upper jaw situated between and in front of the maxillae. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Paired, intramembranous bones located at the anterior end of the skull; they form the anterior-most segment of the maxillary arch.[AAO]
relationship loss: overlaps inter-premaxillary joint (TAO:0001950)[TAO]
relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-premaxillary joint (TAO:0001676)[TAO]
relationship loss: overlaps premaxillary-maxillary joint (TAO:0002260)[TAO]
(...) in all higher vertebrates a premaxilla is present (...) (reference 1); Although the presence of a tooth-bearing outer buccal arcade (premaxilla, maxilla, dentary) is cited as a common character of Osteichthyes, dipnoans lack all three bones (...) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
Editors note: requires checking embryonic vs adult; isa fetal organ part in FMA; adult bone of upper jaw in AAO and ZFA; split. Note that we have loops if we add develops_from UBERON:0005620
In anatomy and neurology, the dorsal root (or posterior root) is the afferent sensory root of a spinal nerve. At the distal end of the dorsal root is the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the neuron cell bodies of the nerve fibres conveyed by the root. If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve were severed it would lead to numbness in certain areas of the body. The lateral division of the dorsal root contains lightly myelinated and unmyelinated axons of small diameter. These transmit pain and temperature sensation from the body. These fibers cross through the anterior white commissure to form the Anterior lateral system in the lateral funiculus. The medial division of the dorsal root contains myelinated axons of larger diameter. These transmit information of discriminative touch, pressure, vibration, and conscious proprioception originating from spinal levels C2 through S5. These fibers are pushed in towards the posterior medial sulcus to form the fasciculus gracilis and the fasciculus cuneatus. [WP,unvetted].
FMA xref is 'general anatomical term'. We xref both to ensure equivalence.
A bulbous anterior projection of the olfactory lobe that is the place of termination of the olfactory nerves and is especially well developed in lower vertebrates (as fishes)[BTO]. Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with a set of olfactory nerves and an olfactory tract. In most vertebrates, the olfactory bulb is the most rostral (forward) part of the brain. In humans, however, the olfactory bulb is on the inferior (bottom) side of the brain. The olfactory bulb is supported and protected by the cribriform plate which in mammals, separates it from the olfactory epithelium, and which is perforated by olfactory nerve axons. The bulb is divided into two distinct structures, the main olfactory bulb, and the accessory olfactory bulb[WP].
Part of the rostral part of the cerebrum where axons of olfactory cells from the nasal mucosa terminate. Projects onto olfactory parts of pallium via olfactory tracts
Part of the telencephalon comprised of anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits.[AAO]
Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with a set of olfactory nerves and an olfactory tract[FMA:77624].
The part of the forebrain in which the olfactory nerves end and the olfactory tracts originate. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Note that in uberon 'main olfactory bulb' is a separate class, but some ontologies may treat this as partially synonymous. The distinction may only make sense in tetrapods with a vomeronasal organ (olfactory nerves terminate in OB in fishes and in main OB in tetrapods - Butler and Hodos). Development notes: the olfactory bulbs develop as bilateral evaginations from a region of the prosencephalic neural plate intercalated between the septal and the cortical anlagen (Cobos et al. 2001b, Rubenstein et al. 1998). Comparing the structure of the olfactory bulb among vertebrate species, such as the leopard frog and the lab mouse, reveals that they all share the same fundamental layout(WP).
note - fma general anatomical term. xao has no subtypes (but Johnstons organ develops from this). An olfactory organ overlaps with the olfactory system, because some parts of the nose (e.g. nasal skeleton) are parts of the skeletal system, which is spatially disjoint
Anatomical system that consists of the organs and ducts (bile ducts, gallbladder, and associated structures) that are involved in the production and transportation of bile.
The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity[ZFA].
The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity.[TAO]
Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,adopted].
Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain.[TAO]
'brainstem' is a loose term that sometimes refers to the ventral parts o the brain except for any part of the telencephalon - sometimes it includes the diencephalon or subpallial telencephalon structures (ISBN10:0471888893). Here we use it in a more restriced sense, to include only the medulla oblongata, pons (when present) and the midbrain tegmentum (following the ZFA definitions).
Nucleus of neuraxis which is located within the brain. Example: pontobulbar nucleus, globose nucleus[FMA]. brain structure consisting of a relatively compact cluster of neurons. It is one of the two most common forms of nerve cell organization, the other being layered structures such as the cerebral cortex or cerebellar cortex. In anatomical sections, a nucleus shows up as a region of gray matter, often bordered by white matter. The vertebrate brain contains hundreds of distinguishable nuclei, varying widely in shape and size. A nucleus may itself have a complex internal structure, with multiple types of neurons arranged in clumps (subnuclei) or layers.[Wikipedia]
We considered merging with 'neural nucleus'
Dorsal part of the midbrain, consisting of the superior and inferior colliculi and the pretectal nuclei [MM, NIF]. The tectum is a region of the brain, specifically the dorsal part of the mesencephalon (midbrain). This is contrasted with the tegmentum, which refers to the region ventral to the ventricular system. It is derived in embryonic development from the alar plate of the neural tube. [WP,unvetted].
The tectum - a multisensory, topologically mapped structure in the roof of the midbrain presents a remarkable degree of conservation in all vertebrate radiations; although it varies in the extent of its development in different vertebrate classes, there is considerable evidence now to deem its layered structure, its cell types, and its hodological pattern as homologous in all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
In adult humans it is present only in the mesencephalon as the inferior and the superior colliculi[WP].
The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities.
Anatomical space, part of the trunk that contains the pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities[ZFA].
The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities[BTO].
Taxon notes: In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. editor note: check the FMA placement here; ncit placement of body cavity here probably not correct
a flexible rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. It is composed of cells derived from the mesoderm and defines the primitive axis of the embryo. In some chordates, it persists throughout life as the main axial support of the body, while in most vertebrates it becomes the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. The notochord is found ventral to the neural tube.
Avascular multi-tissue structure composed of large vacuolated epithelial cells (chordablasts) and perichordal fibrous tissue.[VSAO]
Rod-like principal supportive element of the embryo and larva, present in the midline just ventral to the neural tube, and differentiating during the segmentation period to form large vacuolated epithelial cells and a surrounding a sheath of fibrous and elastic layers. Layering of the sheath may differ in structure, thickness and development among groups; in cypriniforms there are actually three very thin layers to the sheath. A functional, well developed notochord is present throughout life in certain basal fish groups but not in cypriniforms. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Slender rod of fibrous connective tissue surrounding a core of fluid-filled cells of mesodermal origin; it lies above the gut and directly beneath the spinal cord. The notochord is present during early development and in a few cases it is retained through life; however, usually the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column.[AAO]
relationship type change: differentiates_from mesoderm (AAO:0000304) CHANGED TO: develops_from mesoderm (UBERON:0000926)[AAO]
(...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (3) a stiff, longitudinal rod of turgid cells along the dorsal part of the body that is called a notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]
Development notes: In between vertebra the notochord becomes the nucleus pulposus, under it degenerates, and at anterior end in some species its tissue merges with some of the cranial bones.. Some organisms retain a post-embryonic notochord. // The notochord appears early in embryogeny and plays an important role in promoting or organizing the embryonic development of nearby structures. In most adult chordates the notochord disappears or becomes highly modified. In some non-vertebrate chordates and fishes the notochord persists as a laterally flexible but incompressible skeletal rod that prevents telescopic collapse of the body during swimming[TOLWEB]
Somites are spheres of epithelial cells that form sequentially along the anterior–posterior axis of the embryo through mesenchymal to epithelial transition of the presomitic mesoderm.
Post-cranial axial segments which form sclerotome and dermomyotome.[AAO]
Undifferentiated mesodermal components of early trunk or tail segments or metameres, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms myotomes, sclerotomes and perhaps dermatomes. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
relationship loss: develops_from paraxial mesenchyme (TAO:0000942)[TAO]
relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of trunk (TAO:0001115) CHANGED TO: develops_from trunk (UBERON:0002100)[TAO]
relationship type change: part_of paraxial mesoderm (AAO:0010568) CHANGED TO: develops_from paraxial mesoderm (UBERON:0003077)[AAO]
(...) cephalocordates and craniates belong to a group known as Somitichordata. Somitichordate synapomorphies include (1) somites (...) (reference 1); The idea that the last common ancestor of bilaterian animals (Urbilateria) was segmented has been raised recently on evidence coming from comparative molecular embryology (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: currently classified as an epithelial vesicle, consistent with EHDAA2 and UBERONREF:0000002. Consider making "somitic mesoderm" a separate term and correlate with regionalization processes. Consider moving ZFA term to 'trunk somite' as it is part of the trunk // When the somite becomes segmented from the segmental plate, it is composed of an epithelial sac enclosing mesenchymal somitocoel cells. Thereafter the somite differentiates into two parts, the ventro-medial mesenchymal sclerotome and the dorso-lateral epithelial dermomyotome. This change in the epithelial somite depends on surrounding tissue [PMID:15906248]
Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce exocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity. Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products (hormones) into ducts (duct glands). They are the counterparts to endocrine glands, which secrete their products (hormones) directly into the bloodstream (ductless glands) or release hormones (paracrines) that affect only target cells nearby the release site. [Wikipedia].
The connecting cord from the developing embryo or fetus to the placenta. During prenatal development, the umbilical cord comes from the same zygote as the fetus and (in humans) normally contains two arteries (the umbilical arteries) and one vein (the umbilical vein), buried within Wharton's jelly. The umbilical vein supplies the fetus with oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta. Conversely, the umbilical arteries return the deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood[WP].
The neural crest, a transient component of the ectoderm, is located in between the neural tube and the epidermis (or the free margins of the neural folds) of an embryo during neural tube formation. Neural crest cells quickly migrate during or shortly after neurulation, an embryological event marked by neural tube closure.
A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Migratory cell population which delaminates from neural tube, borders surface ectoderm and neural ectoderm, and gives rise to many different tissue types.[AAO]
We conclude that the neural crest is a vertebrate novelty, but that neural crest cells and their derivatives evolved and diversified in a step-wise fashion - first by elaboration of neural plate border cells, then by the innovation or co-option of new or ancient metazoan cell fates.[well established][VHOG]
Editor note: consider including subclasses for pre- and post- migratory (e.g. sheets/paths/streams). Taxon notes: A well developed neural crest population is present in lampreys (Horigome et al. 1999 ; Tomsa & Langeland, 1999) and gnathostomes. chordate fossils from the early Cambrian (Yunnanozoan and Haikouella) with apparent neural-crest derived structures (pharyngeal denticles and pharyngeal skeletons resembling the striped mucocartilage of the branchial bars in lamprey ammocoete larvae), suggests that neural crest arose very early in vertebrate evolution (Chen et al. 1999; Holland & Chen, 2001). The invertebrate chordates apparently lack defini- tive neural crest. One marker of migrating neural crest in some vertebrates, the antibody HNK1, does not recognize any cells in amphioxus embryos (Holland, unpublished). Even so, in both amphioxus and tunicates, cells at the edges of the neural plate and adjacent nonneural ectoderm share some properties of neural crest[PMID:11523831]. Gene notes: Many factors and genes, such as Pax3 (Tremblay et al., 1995), slug (Nieto et al., 1994), AP-2 (Zhang et al., 1996; Schorle et al., 1996), and Wnt-1/3a (Ikeya et al., 1997) are expressed in the dorsal most region of the neural tube, and have been shown to be involved in the generation of neural crest cells.
Embryonic ectoderm that gives rise to nervous tissue.
(...) the ability of ectoderm to produce neuronal cells is a general metazoan feature.[well established][VHOG]
epithelium tubi neuralis; neuroectoderma
Terminology notes: we prefer neurectoderm to neural ectoderm since placodal ectoderm is not classified here
middle muscular layer of the heart wall[M-W]. Muscle layer of organ which has as its parts the myocardium proper and the conducting system of the heart[FMA].
Robust muscular tunic of the heart which forms the basic part of its walls. Its external surface is covered by the pericardium and its internal one by the endocardium. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
The middle layer of the heart, consisting of cardiac muscle.[AAO]
TODO - check 'Myocardum proper' in FMA. We superclass the more generic class for now. FMA has is_a muscle layer - should we add this? ZFA and BTO both have is_a 'cardiac muscle' (tissue?). But in U we also follow FMA and have cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium (there is also Fibrocollagenous connective tissue of myocardium), which would be identical (see issue-10). Note that GO also treats left/right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue synonymous with ventricular myocardium
The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat[GO]
The fish heart displays clear polarity of contraction in a posterior-to-anterior direction. The contraction waves originate in the sinus venosus and terminate in the conus arteriosus. The nodal phenotype persists in the inflow region of the heart, varying from the venosinus to the sinoatrial junctional areas in different species . Similar to the mammalian situation, pacemaker tissue with a lower intrinsic rhythmicity is also found at the atrioventricular junction.[uncertain][VHOG]
Editor notes: EHDAA2 divides the system from the tissue
The part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of heart muscle contraction. It relays electrical signals to the AV node[GO]. Subdivision of conducting system of heart at the junction of the right atrium and the superior vena cava, around the sinoatrial nodal branch of right coronary artery and is continuous with the internodal tract[FMA].
WP:Heart states: "The SA node is found in all amniotes but not in more primitive vertebrates. In these animals, the muscles of the heart are relatively continuous and the sinus venosus coordinates the beat which passes in a wave through the remaining chambers. Indeed, since the sinus venosus is incorporated into the right atrium in amniotes, it is likely homologous with the SA node. In teleosts, with their vestigial sinus venosus, the main centre of coordination is, instead, in the atrium.". Note however that ZFA has SA node.
Subdivision of conducting system of heart which is located in the muscular part of the interatrial septum that is continuous with the atrioventricular bundle.[FMA]
Three major adaptations, or 'novel cardiac components', that were not present in the ancestor chordate heart tube can be distinguished in the lower vertebrate heart: the atrium, ventricle, and possibly the muscular sinus venosus. Furthermore, within the ventricular component a compact outer myocardial component and an interiorly localized extensive trabecular component can be distinguished. The specific activation of the ventricle adds to its complexity as follows. The depolarizing impulse travels rapidly from the atrioventricular node toward the apex and then toward the conal region, achieving activation from apex to base.[uncertain][VHOG]
Subdivision of abdomen, which is demarcated from the abdomen proper by the plane of the superior pelvic aperture, and from the perineum by the inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm; together with the abdomen proper, it constitutes the abdomen[FMA].
Note that MA and FMA differ in what they consider to be parts of the pelvis. MA includes ureter, urethra, urinary bladder, reproductive organs
Serous membrane which has as its parts the epicardium and parietal serous pericardium that surrounds pericardial cavity.
A serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom — it covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs — in higher vertebrates and some invertebrates (annelids, for instance). It is composed of a layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue. The peritoneum both supports the abdominal organs and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves[WP]. The smooth transparent serous membrane that lines the cavity of the abdomen of a mammal and is folded inward over the abdominal and pelvic viscera[BTO]. The endothelial lining of the ABDOMINAL CAVITY. The parietal peritoneum covers the inside of the ABDOMINAL WALL and the visceral peritoneum covers the bowel, the MESENTERY, and certain of the organs. The portion that covers the bowel becomes the serosal layer of the bowel wall[GAID].
An epithelium that lines the peritoneal cavity.[TAO]
Serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom. It covers most of the intra-abdominal organs, supports the abdominal organs, and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves. It is composed of a layer of mesothelium.[AAO]
Membrane organ which is attached to the pericardial sac proper and the central tendon of diaphragm and is continuous with the pretracheal fascia.[FMA]
A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas
Editor's note: Currently this is logically defined by the system it belongs to, but a better system may be base this on presence/absence of ducts. However, the dual nature of the liver should be taken into consideration here. Consider adding subclasses
The prostate gland is a partly muscular, partly glandular body that is situated near the base of the mammalian male urethra and secretes an alkaline viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid.
TODO - FMA treats the gland as part of the prostate - see also FMA:74119.
Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. The main endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus is a neuroendocrine organ. Other organs which are not so well known for their endocrine activity include the stomach, which produces such hormones as ghrelin[WP].
Either of a pair of complex endocrine organs near the anterior medial border of the kidney consisting of a mesodermal cortex that produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine[BTO].
Anatomical structure which is found on the surface of the kidney and secretes various hormones including epinephrine, norephinephrine, aldosterone, corticosterone, and cortisol.[AAO]
All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: The origin of the adrenal gland is still controversial. It is thought to share the same origin as the kidney and gonads, derived from coelomic epithelium of the urogenital ridge and/or the underlying mesenchyme (Keegan and Hammer, 2002; Morohashi, 1997). We follow Kardong and state homology at the level of the cortex and medulla rather than gland as a whole
Anatomical structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions in cell-mediated immunity by being the site where T cells develop.
Anatomical structure which originates as several paired thickenings on the dorsal side of the pharyngeal pouches and secretes thymosin.[AAO]
A thymus develops in all vertebrates from the endodermal epithelium of certain pharyngeal pouches and from the adjacent ectodermal epithelium. In fishes, all the pouches, or the first four, contribute to thymus formation, but in tetrapods, the number is more restricted. In mammals, only the third and fourth are involved, and the contribution of the third is by far the greater.[well established][VHOG]
check - a subtype of gland? not in GO. NCIT has thymus and thymus gland. EHDAA2 has ductless gland.
flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of bones. In adults, marrow in large bones produces new blood cells[WP].
The bone marrow is the hematopoietic organ in all vertebrates but fishes, in which hematopoiesis occurs in the kidney.[well established][VHOG]
TODO - create superclass for bone marrow / head kidney. both are portions of tissue in the hematopoetic system. also consider adding as subclass of zone of bone organ for consistency with FMA. See also: Leydig and epigonal organs
Portion of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat.
Usage notes: the term 'tonsil' can be ambiguous, sometimes refering specifically to the palatine tonsil, sometimes generically to include the cecal tonsils of avians. This class represents lymphoid tissue that is part of the tonsillar ring, in the mouth/throat region
Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibres and ground substance.
One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but there are certain characteristics shared by all or most tissues in this category, such as involvement in structure and support, derived from mesoderm, and characterized largely by the traits of non-living tissue.[AAO]
Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix comprised of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues.[TAO]
Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance.[VSAO]
AO notes: MA also has set of connective tissues
Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers[GO].
One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Tissue that contains cells with contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. Muscle tissue also is separated into three distinct categories.[AAO]
Vertebrate muscle is categorized into three major muscle types defined by their structural and functional properties: skeletal, cardiac and smooth. In Dmel the counterparts are somatic, heart/cardiac and visceral. Here we take a cell type based approach.
distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits.
Editors note: consider renaming using less human-centric terminology
The tissues concerned in production of the blood, including the bone marrow, liver, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus[BTO]. Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues. The bodily system of organs and tissues, primarily the bone marrow, spleen, tonsils, and lymph nodes, involved in the production of blood[FD].
Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues.[AAO]
Zebrafish developmental hematopoiesis shows close correspondence to the development of the mammalian hematopoietic system and is regulated by conserved molecular pathways.[well established][VHOG]
Transudate contained in the lumen of lymphatic vessel[FMA]. Lymph is the fluid that is formed when interstitial fluid enters the conduits of the lymphatic system[WP].
Duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine.
Any of the excretory ducts in the liver that convey bile between the liver and the intestine. [TFD][VHOG]
(...) the amphibian liver has characteristics in common with both fish and terrestrial vertebrates. (...) The histological structure of the liver is similar to that in other vertebrates, with hepatocytes arranged in clusters and cords separated by a meshwork of sinusoids and the presence of the traditional triad of portal venule, hepatic arteriole, and bile duct.[well established][VHOG]
The path is as follows: Bile canaliculi → Canals of Hering → interlobular bile ducts → intrahepatic bile ducts → left and right hepatic ducts merge to form → common hepatic duct exits liver and joins → cystic duct (from gall bladder) forming → common bile duct → joins with pancreatic duct → forming ampulla of Vater → enters duodenum [WP]
proximal tarsal bone resulting from fusion of intermedium and fibulare.
Taxon notes: The talus is apparently derived from the fusion of three separate bones in the feet of primitive amphibians; the tibiale, articulating with tibia, the intermedium, between the bases of the tibia and fibula, and the fourth centrale, lying in the mid-part of the tarsus. These bones are still partially separate in modern amphibians, which therefore do not have a true talus. The talus forms a considerably more flexible joint in mammals than it does in reptiles. This reaches its greatest extent in artiodactyls, where the distal surface of the bone has a smooth keel to allow greater freedom of movement of the foot, and thus increase running speed[WP]
The bone which normally forms the lateral upper jaw in osteichthyans, including tetrapods.
Dermal bone that forms part of the upper jaw, located antero-ventral to the premaxilla. The maxilla is a paired bone.[TAO]
Paired, intramembranous bone located on the lateral sides of the skull, posterior to the premaxillae.[AAO]
relationship loss: overlaps autopalatine-maxillary joint (TAO:0001942)[TAO]
In some teleosts, the maxilla is located postero-ventral to the supramaxilla. Commonly, the articular process of the maxilla articulates with the autopalatine and ethmoidal region antero-medially. The maxilla is usually the largest bone in the upper jaw assemblage.[TAO]
Visceral serous membrane which is continuous with the parietal pleura and is attached to the parenchyma of lobe of lung.[FMA]
Each lung is invested by an exceedingly delicate serous membrane, the pleura, which is arranged in the form of a closed invaginated sac. A portion of the serous membrane covers the surface of the lung and dips into the fissures between its lobes; it is called the pulmonary pleura (or visceral pleura). The visceral pleura is attached directly to the lungs[Wikipedia:Visceral_pleura].
Cavity of serous sac surropunded by the pleura.[FMA]
In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]
Note the EHDAA2 class is not quite equivalent. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/86
Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies.
The antibody-based immune system defined by the presence of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), T cell receptor (TCR), B cell receptor (BCR) or recombination activating genes (RAGs) is known beginning from jawed fishes.[well established][VHOG]
Serous sac, which has as parts the serous pericardium and the pericardial cavity [FMA].
We follow FMA in dividing pericardial sac in pericardium and pericardial cavity
The outer membrane/wall of the developing heart, surrounding the myocardium.
Peritoneum that surrounds the heart.[AAO]
Transudate contained in the pericardial cavity.[FMA]
The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands[GO].
Nervous system including a portion of the central and peripheral systems and presiding over the control and coordination of the vegetative functions of the organism. It innervates smooth and cardiac muscles and glandular tissues and is responsible for many actions which are more or less automatic (e.g. secretion, vasoconstriction etc.). It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]
Part of the peripheral nervous system which regulates involuntary functions of the body and consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system.[AAO]
divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici
The clitoris is a sexual organ that is present only in female mammals. In humans, the visible button-like portion is located near the anterior junction of the labia minora, above the opening of the urethra and vagina. Unlike the penis, which is homologous to the clitoris, the clitoris does not contain the distal portion of the urethra. The only known exception to this is in the Spotted Hyena. In this species, the urogenital system is unique in that the female urinates, mates and gives birth via an enlarged, erectile clitoris, known as a pseudo-penis. In humans, the clitoris is the most sensitive erogenous zone of a woman, the stimulation of which may produce sexual excitement and clitoral erection; its continuing stimulation may produce sexual pleasure in the woman and orgasm. [WP,unvetted].
section at the rear end of an animal's body; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso[WP].
Editor notes: Note we also have a subclass post-anal tail, for the chordate specific structure. currently defined very generally, inclusive of caudal fin
organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its adnexa (including hair, scales, and nails). The integumentary system has a variety of functions; it may serve to waterproof, cushion and protect the deeper tissues, excrete wastes, regulate temperature and is the location of receptors for pain, sensation, pressure and temperature. In humans the integumentary system additionally provides vitamin D synthesis[WP].
(...) the integument of many tetrapods is reinforced by a morphologically and structurally diverse assemblage of skeletal elements. These elements are widely understood to be derivatives of the once all-encompassing dermal skeleton of stem-gnathostomes (...).[well established][VHOG]
in FMA, integumentary system = integument + certain glands. Note that here we use integumental system in a general sense, covering a variety of metazoans
Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts[VSAO].
A type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of cells called chondrocytes which are dispersed in a firm gel-like ground substance, called the matrix. Cartilage is avascular (contains no blood vessels) and nutrients are diffused through the matrix. Cartilage is found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat and between intervertebral disks. It makes up virtually the entire skeleton in chondrichthyes.[AAO]
Portion of tissue which is connective tissue composed of collagen and/or elastin fibers and chondrocytes. Cartilage is avascular and provides both skeletal functions and a framework upon which bone is deposited.[TAO]
Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts.[VSAO]
Phylogenetic analysis suggests that cartilage arose independently in cnidarians, hemichordates, vertebrates, arthropods, annelids, brachiopods, and molluscs - or a common ancestor of brachiopods and molluscs (...). Analyses of cartilage as a tissue and of the development of invertebrate cartilages are consistent with homology between invertebrate and vertebrate cartilage. From the discussion above, it will be clear that understanding genetic changes underlying cartilage evolution is key to determining whether the multiple origins of cartilage represent parallel evolution.[well established][VHOG]
Previous: "A portion of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate[GO]. Regular connective tissue, which consists of chondrocytes and related cells, the intercellular matrix of which is chondrified. Examples: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage[FMA]. an avascular supporting and articular skeletal tissue. It also functions as the primary endoskeletal support in vertebrate embryos. Cartilage is deposited by and is composed of chondroblasts and chondrocytes separated by an extracellular matrix, which may or may not mineralize depending on cartilage type, age, or taxon[Hall and Witten]." See also FMA:71500 Set of cartilages, FMA:55107 Cartilage organ, FMA:12264 Articular cartilage. // elements made from cartilage, cartilage-like, or chondroid tissues evolved in invertebrates[H&W]
Hippocampus (proper) plus dentate gyrus and subiculum[definition derived from NIF comments and ontology alignment].
Usage notes: The term hippocampus is often used synonymously with hippocampal formation which consists of the hippocampus proper or Cornu Ammonis, the dentate gyrus and the subiculum[NIF]. BTO:0000601 is placed here since it includes the DG. GO also includes dentate gyrus development as part of hippocampus development, so we assume when GO says "hippocampus" it means "hippocampal formation". In ABA HPF = (.. subiculum) + HIP, HIP = DG + AH.
The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins. The parts are: liver, bile duct, gall bladder and hepatic duct
System responsible for the production and movement of bile[ZFIN:curator].
Epithelium that is part of the mouth and lines the oral cavity, typically stratified squamous, and may be para-, ortho- or non- keratinized. Primary barrier between oral environment and deeper tissues
The epithelium that lines the oral cavity. The oral epithelium epithelial cells with many short microvilli as well as mucous cells, rodlet cells and taste buds[ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060921-12, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-091204-24].
Editor note: consider including separate class for developmental structure (adult human is stratified; in EHDAA2 is unilaminar). Development notes: the avian oral epithelium has the developmental capacity to initiate tooth developmental programs with underlying grafts of non-avian oral ectomesenchyme [PMID:16488870]
Visceral serous membrane which is continuous with the parietal serous pericardium and is attached to the myocardium[FMA].
A bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
AO notes: NCITA includes clavicle. MA:'limb bone' is actually a bone of limb or girdle // Note that the formal definition is very inclusive, and includes sesamoids
Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes found in the neck. [WP,unvetted].
plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers and postganglionic autonomic cell bodies lying in the muscular coat of the esophagus, stomach and intestines that communicate with the submucosal, subserosal and enteric plexuses[MP]. Part of the enteric nervous system, Auerbach's plexus (or myenteric plexus) exists between the longitudinal and circular layers of muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract and provides motor innervation to both layers and secretomotor innervation to the mucosa, having both parasympathetic and sympathetic input, whereas Meissner's plexus has only parasympathetic fibers. It arises from cells in the Nucleus ala cinerea, the parasympathetic nucleus of origin for the tenth cranial nerve, located in the medulla oblongata. The fibers are carried by both the anterior and posterior vagal nerves. It is found in the muscles of the esophagus, stomach, and intestine. The myenteric plexus is the major nerve supply to the gastrointestinal tract and control GI tract motility[WP].
AO notes: note that FMA uses Meissner's plexus as a synonym, rather than separate class
The inferior cervical ganglion is situated between the base of the transverse process of the last cervical vertebra and the neck of the first rib, on the medial side of the costocervical artery. Its form is irregular; it is larger in size than the middle cervical ganglion, and is frequently fused with the first thoracic ganglion. [WP,unvetted].
The lymphatic system in vertebrates is a network of conduits that carry a clear fluid called lymph. It also includes the lymphoid tissue through which the lymph travels. Lymphoid tissue is found in many organs, particularly the lymph nodes, and in the lymphoid follicles associated with the digestive system such as the tonsils. The system also includes all the structures dedicated to the circulation and production of lymphocytes, which includes the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive system (Wikipedia).
Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins.[AAO]
We follow FMA and MA in distinguishing between lymphatic system and lymphoid system, with lymhoid tissue part of the non-lymphatic component, although these terms are often used interchangeably. We assume the ZFA term lymphatic tissue actually corresponds to the broader class (e.g. ZFA lymph node in the ZFA lymphatic system). See tracker for more comments.
Terminal segment of free upper limb, immediately distal to the zeugopod region. The fully developed autopod consists of the autopod skeleton plus associated structures such as integument, muscle tissue, vasculature etc. The autopod is divided into mesopodial, metapodiual, and acropodial segments. Examples: human hand, mouse paw, human foot
Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group; note that this refers to the limb segment, not just the skeleton.
The middle free limb segment, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the zeugopodial skeleton. Examples: There are two types of zeugopod: forelimb zeugopod (aka forearm), hindlimb zeugopod (aka crus).
There exists some controversy about which podial segments are present in some fishes, e.g. if the autopod is not newly evolved in tetrapods, there is a question as to which segments are actually present in basal vertebrate taxa.[PHENOSCAPE:curators]
The proximal free limb segment. Includes as parts the stylopod skeleton.
Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group
Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts[VSAO].
Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts.[VSAO]
Bone tissue that has a regular parallel alignment of collagen into sheets (lamellae) and is mechanically strong.
histological classification, lamellar vs woven. Note that only FMA has woven
Long bone is a limb bone that is subcylindrical and has a shaft with periosteum separating the ends of the bones. Long bones are present only in the limbs[VSAO].
Endochondral_ossification is an essential process during the rudimentary formation of long bones, with the exception of the clavicle[Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification]. The medial and and lateral ends undergo EO, the mid-portion is formed by a process with features of EO & IO (the process is shared by the mandible)[ISBN:9780397517251]
The round window is one of the two openings into the cochlea of the inner ear. It is closed off from the middle ear by the round window membrane, which vibrates with opposite phase to vibrations entering the cochlea through the oval window. It allows fluid in the cochlea to move, which in turn ensures that hair cells of the basilar membrane will be stimulated and that audition will occur. [WP,unvetted].
round window of petrous part of temporal bone
A lymph node that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition].
the lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group.
Replacement bone that forms within cartilage.
Replacement bone that forms within cartilage.[VSAO]
note that some structures, e.g. in ZFA are both intramembrane and endochondral. Editor notes: placement in this class to be inferred
Bone tissue forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues[TAO]. Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collagen-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified[GO]. Intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones and the shell of a turtle are formed[GO]. Unlike endochondral ossification, cartilage is not present during intramembranous ossification[WP].
Bone that forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues.[TAO]
[In TAO], This term was made obsolete because it is considered a synonym of membrane bone (VSAO:0000023).[TAO]
The base of skull is the most inferior area of the skull, composed of the endocranium and lower parts of the skull roof.
The skull base is formed from a series of cartilages either side of, and rostral to, the notochord, whose tip lies just caudal to the pituitary gland. It is closely associated with the sensory capsules, which partially or completely sur- round the olfactory epithelium, the eye, and the inner ear[PMID:11523816]
The submandibular lymph nodes (submaxillary glands in older texts), three to six in number, are placed beneath the body of the mandible in the submaxillary triangle, and rest on the superficial surface of the submaxillary salivary gland. One gland, the middle gland of Stahr, which lies on the external maxillary artery as it turns over the mandible, is the most constant of the series; small lymph glands are sometimes found on the deep surface of the submaxillary salivary glands. The afferents of the submaxillary glands drain the medial palpebral commissure, the cheek, the side of the nose, the upper lip, the lateral part of the lower lip, the gums, and the anterior part of the margin of the tongue. Efferent vessels from the facial and submental glands also enter the submaxillary glands. Their efferent vessels pass to the superior deep cervical glands. [WP,unvetted].
A major subdivision of a mature or developing limb, including both skeletal elements (or the mesenchyme that gives rise to the skeletal elements) and associated tissues, such as muscle, connective tissue, integument. Examples: autopod region, zeugopod region, stylopod region, metapodial region, arm region. Excludes the limb girdles.
note FMA has both limb segment and free limb segment, the former includes the girdles. Note that MA uses the term more generally and includes A,S,Z,S+Z(arm/leg), whereas FMA is just A,S,Z
A gland is an organ in an animal's body that synthesizes a substance for release such as hormones or breast milk, often into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland). A gland is an organ specialised for secretion[GO].
An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a paired fin. The fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP].
Embryonic surface structure that develops into a paired fin.[ZFA]
In amniote animal embryology, the epiblast is a tissue type derived either from the inner cell mass in mammals or the blastodisc in birds and reptiles. It lies above the hypoblast. In mammalian embryogenesis, the columnar cells of the epiblast are adjacent to the trophoblast, while the cuboidal cells of the hypoblast are closer to the blastocoele. The epiblast, whilst referred to as the primary ectoderm, differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc in a process called gastrulation[WP]. The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation[ZFA]
In pregastrula zebrafish embryos, the epiblast is an inverted cup of cells that sits on top of a large yolk cell. (...) In amniote embryos (mammals and birds), gastrulation initiates in an epithelial layer called the epiblast. Cells in the epiblast undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), migrate through the primitive streak (PS), and incorporate in the middle (mesoderm) or outer (endoderm) layer. The presumptive definitive endoderm (DE) cells invade and displace an outer layer of extraembryonic tissue cells, the hypoblast in chick and the visceral endoderm (VE) in mouse, which form supporting structures such as the yolk sac.[uncertain][VHOG]
MP says - tissue that gives rise to the ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm of the embryo proper. In HOG, epiblast is part of primitive streak/blastpore, which is inconsistent with the MP definition of primitive streak as a ridge of the epiblast. Note that these terms, epiblast and hypoblast, are also used to describe layers of the avian embryonic blastoderm, but the layers so-named seem to be altogether different in these two kinds of vertebrate embryos(CVS). Consider obsoleting this as a grouping class
Fin that is one of a pair located ventrally on the organism.
Anatomical surface structure found in many aquatic organisms. It is a respiration organ whose function is the extraction of oxygen from water and the excretion of carbon dioxide. The microscopic structure of a gill is such that it presents a very large surface area to the external environment. Gills usually consist of thin filaments of tissue, branches, or slender tufted processes which have a highly folded surface to increase surface area. A high surface area is crucial to the gas exchange of aquatic organisms as water contains only 1/20 parts dissolved Oxygen compared to air. With the exception of some aquatic insects, the filaments and lamellae (folds) contain blood or coelomic fluid, from which gases are exchanged through the thin walls. Oxygen is carried by the blood to other parts of the body. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood through the thin gill tissue into the water. Gills or gill-like organs, located in different parts of the body, are found in various groups of aquatic animals, including mollusks, crustaceans, insects, fish, and amphibians.
this term potentially applicable across multiple metazoa - see also the subclass 'pharyngeal arch derived gill'
One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches
One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]
A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down.[well established][VHOG]
Numbered cranial to caudal. different in mammals. branchial arch = ZFA:0001613 pharyngeal arch 3-7. generally gill arch 1 = pharyngeal arch 3. terminology varies as to whether branchial arch follows gill or pharyngeal numbering
one of several most distal parts of a limb, such as fingers or toes, present in many vertebrates[WP].
Our reinterpretation of the distal fin endoskeleton of Panderichthys removes the final piece of evidence supporting the formerly popular hypothesis that tetrapod digits are wholly new structures without homologues in sarcopterygian fish fins. This hypothesis, which was based partly on the complete absence of plausible digit homologues in Panderichthys (then the closest known relative of tetrapods), has already been called into question by the discovery of digit-like radials in Tiktaalik and the fact that Hox gene expression patterns closely resembling those associated with digit formation in tetrapods occur in the distal fin skeletons of paddlefish and Australian lungfish. Our new data show that Panderichthys is not an anomaly: like Tiktaalik and other fish members of the Tetrapodomorpha, it has distal radials that can be interpreted as digit homologues.[well established][VHOG]
todo homology ZFA:0001588-pectoral fin distal radial. Note: This term is a GAT in FMA. Note: we elect to place a strict taxon constraint on this class - this is controversial, and may be weakened later on - see [Wikipedia:Digit_(anatomy)#Evolution]. AO notes: EMAPA mapping from TH
Ectodermal placode that develops in the head into a part of the sensory nervous system. With a few exceptions (lens, adenohypophyseal), cranial placodes are neurogenic.
Editor note: to avoid confusion, we include neurogenic placode as a subclass. Do not merge. Terminological notes: The term placode or placodes also applies to developing organs such as teeth, mammary glands, hair follicles, feathers and scales. We include a separate parent class for this. Taxon notes: Comparisons of developmental gene expression suggest that the anterior ectoderm in amphioxus may be homologous to the vertebrate olfactory placode, the only vertebrate placode with primary, not secondary, neurons[PMID:11523831].
a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
Whole organism that is premetamorphic or a very immature individual.[TAO]
This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies. TODO: discriminate between stages and organisms
Anatomical space which contains portions of one or more body substances and is bounded by the internal surface of one maximally connected anatomical structure. Examples: cranial cavity, pharyngeal recess space, nasal cavity, tooth socket, cavity of serous sac, lumen of stomach, lumen of artery, fornix of vagina.
The limbic lobe (also known as the Cingulate) is a portion of the brain associated with functions such as olfaction and emotion. It contains parts of other lobes, including the frontal, parietal, and temporal. Its main components are the fornicate gyrus, the hippocampus, and the amygdala It is related to the term limbic system, but unlike that term, 'limbic lobe' is a part of the Terminologia Anatomica, and there is less disagreement over what is included in the 'limbic lobe' than there is over what is included in the 'limbic system'. [WP,unvetted].
a small paired band that passes around the splenium of the corpus callosum from the lateral longitudinal stria to the dentate gyrus[Biology-Online]. A posterior and upward extension of the dentate gyrus, forming a transitional area between the dentate gyrus and the indusium griseum[BTO].
TODO - existing definitions, synonyms and relationships in existing AOs seem contradictory; to be resolved. We take the dentate gyrus relationship from BTO, and it is also implied by the FMA synonym. However, FMA says archiortex (embryonic archicortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus) and NIF says limbic lobe (which is more general than hippocampus). ABA xref made on basis of BTO related synonym
A multi-tissue structure that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition].
A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebral cortex [Automatically generated definition].
A regional part of brain that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition].
A regional part of brain that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
anteromedial part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)
nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs ventralis medialis
nucleus ventralis oralis, pars posterior (dewulf)
nucleus ventrooralis internus, superior part
A regional part of brain that is part of a thalamus [Automatically generated definition].
A regional part of brain that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition].
A regional part of brain that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
A regional part of brain that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
A regional part of brain that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition].
check w.r.t regional part of cerebreal cortex
a wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones[WP].
The thoracic nerves are the spinal nerves emerging from the thoracic vertebrae. [WP,unvetted].
segmenta thoracica medullae spinalis [1-12]
A thick plate of cells derived from the neural ectoderm in the head region of the embryo that develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.
We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (2) neurogenic placodes (...).[well established][VHOG]
Olfactory placodes are the only ectodermal placodes to produce glia, a cell type typically derived from neural crest // Note that NBK53171 classifies this as non-neurogenic
A temporary epithelium that derives from the outer layer of the ectdoerm and is shed once the inner layer differentiates to form a true epidermis.
The outermost epidermal layer covering the fish at embryonic stages; derived from the EVL and thought to eventually be replaced by the superficial stratum of the epidermis. Sometimes used synonymously with EVL. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]
relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of ectoderm (TAO:0000016) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[TAO]
Originally the epidermis is one layer thick, in most vertebrates it soon becomes a two-layered structure. The outer layer gives rise to the periderm. The periderm goes through distinct developmental phases and is ultimately sloughed into the amniotic fluid when differentiation of the underlying epidermal layers is complete. The function of the periderm is not known, but is thought to be related to transport/exchange between the fetus and the amniotic fluid (http://courses.washington.edu/hubio567/devbio/periderm.html)
The portion of neural plate anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction.
The portion of neural plate posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction.
Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Kimmel et al, 1995.
Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
It is reasonable to assume that the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates had an amphioxus-like tail bud in its larval stage. This archetypal tail bud would have (...) (3) lacked any component of mesenchyme cells, (4) budded off new mesodermal segments directly, without any intervening zone of presomitic mesoderm (...). Then, early in vertebrate evolution, epithelium-to-mesenchyme interconversions (and the gene networks for effecting them) became prominent features of development. (...) In any case, conspicuous mesenchymal components tended to be added to the vertebrate tail bud itself. In addition, a mesenchymatous presomitic mesoderm (not a part of the tail bud proper) came to intervene between the tail bud and the forming somites.[well established][VHOG]
In mammals, the pronephric duct is the predecessor of the Wolffian duct[WP].
Duct of the embryonic kidney, present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the anal region where it empties separately from, and just posterior to the anus. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
The first-formed kidney duct, which drains the kidney of most anamniotes and becomes the ductus deferens of male amniotes. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-3, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]
(...) in all craniates, the archinephric duct develops in embryogeny.[well established][VHOG]
Blood islands are structures in the developing embryo which lead to many different parts of the circulatory system. They primarily derive from plexuses formed from angioblasts. Within them, vacuoles appear through liquefaction of the central part of the syncytium into plasma. The lumen of the blood vessels thus formed is probably intracellular. The flattened cells at the periphery form the endothelium. The nucleated red blood corpuscles develop either from small masses of the original angioblast left attached to the inner wall of the lumen or directly from the flat endothelial cells. In either case the syncytial mass thus formed projects from and is attached to the wall of the vessel. Such a mass is known as a blood island and hemoglobin gradually accumulates within it. Later the cells on the surface round up, giving the mass a mulberry-like appearance. Then the red blood cells break loose and are carried away in the plasma. Such free blood cells continue to divide. Blood islands have been seen in the area vasculosa in the omphalomesenteric vein and arteries, and in the dorsal aorta[WP, unvetted].
Nests of developing blood cells arising late in the segmentation period from the intermediate mass, and located in the anterior-ventral tail, just posterior to the yolk extension. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Region located on the ventral surface of the developing embryo that is a site of hematopoiesis and that is analogous to the yolk sac blood islands of higher vertebrates.[AAO]
relationship loss: part_of intermediate cell mass of mesoderm (TAO:0000033)[TAO]
Small clusters of mesodermal cells called blood islands mark the embryonic debut of the cardiovascular system (in vertebrates) (reference 1); In birds and mammals, primitive hemangioblasts are extraembryonic, populating the yolk sac as the so-called blood islands (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: EHDAA2 distinguishes 3 types, but does not have a superclass. The VHOG class may refer to yolk sac
The intermediate mesoderm is located between the lateral mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm. It develops into the kidney and gonads.
Mesoderm between somite and lateral plate. Traditionally thought to give rise to the urogenital system.[AAO]
(...)the mesoderm of a developing vertebrate transitionally differentiates into the following sub-types: Chordamesoderm (also known as axial mesoderm) which later on gives rise to notochord in all chordates, Paraxial mesoderm, Intermediate mesoderm, Lateral plate mesoderm (reference 1); The mesoderm is present in Bilateria, therefore they are sometimes called triploblasts. Ectoderm and endoderm are usually organized as epithelial layers, while mesoderm can be epithelial or a compact, three-dimensional tissue.[well established][VHOG]
note that all AOs differ in the relationship between this structure and the mesoderm; in ZFA it is a subclass (and this is implied by the GO definition and GO relationships), in AAO it is part of, and in EHDAA2 it develops from the mesoderm (but in EHDAA2 the naming convention is to use 'paraxial mesenchyme', rather than 'paraxial mesoderm').
assists in forming the side and front of the neck.
The second of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]
A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]
The axial mesoderm includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm. It gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord.
The portion of the mesoderm underlying the midline of the embryo. [Gastrulation:_From_cells_to_embryo_(2004)_Cold_Spring_Harbor, Glossary_XV, New_York:_Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory_Press, Stern_CD][VHOG]
Portion of tissue that is part of the anterior neural keel and will form the optic vesicle[ZFA]. A paired ectodermal placode that becomes invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles.
AO notes: TODO - check that GO's optic placode is the same as ZFA's eye primordium; we may want to have separate term for ocular primordium precursor. XAO has both optic field and eye primordium
Multi-tissue structure that is comprised of neural and non-neural epithelial layers which will form the retina and retinal pigmented epithelium of the mature eye[ZFA]. double walled structured formed by expansion and invagination of the distal end of the optic vesicle that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina while the mouth of the optic cup eventually forms the pupil of the eye[MP].
(...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup.[well established][VHOG]
A thickened portion of ectoderm which serves as the precursor to the lens. SOX2 and Pou2f1 are involved in its development[WP].
Ectodermal primordium of the lens of the eye. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
(...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The optic cup induces the overlying surface ectoderm first to thicken as a lens placode and then to invaginate and form a lens vesicle that differentiates into the lens.[well established][VHOG]
Classical transplantation experiments using amphibian embryos suggested that the optic vesicle is the source of lens-inducing signals sufficient to generate lens tissues in competent ectoderm (reviewed in Grainger et al., 1996). More recent findings suggest a multistep model for lens induction. There is now good evidence that lens specification occurs at the neurula stage, before the optic vesicle contact the surface ectoderm, and that neural crest cell migration in the frontonasal region is required to restrict the position of the lens placode (Bailey et al., 2006)[NBK53175]
Paired organ that connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the anlage for certain male reproductive organs. the Wolffian duct is what remains of the pronephric duct after the atrophy of the pronephros[WP]. In Zebrafish: Duct of the adult kidney (mesonephros), present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the cloacal chamber[ZFA].
Anatomical structure consisting of either of a pair of longitudinal ducts which carry urine and in males, sperm, to the cloaca.[AAO]
TODO - mesonephric portion of the nephric duct. Development notes: In the male the Wolffian duct persists, and forms for example the epididymis, the ductus deferens, the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle and efferent ducts.
A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube[XAO]. The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium[ZFA]
The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube[GO]
Mesoderm lateral to the neural tube and notochord that is divided into cranial and post-cranial portions. The trunk portions further segment into somites.[AAO]
Presently, Cephalochordata, Urochordata, and Vertebrata are placed as subphyla of the phylum Chordata, in which the overall organization of embryonic tissues (dorsal hollow nerve cord, ventral digestive tract, axial notochord, and bilateral paraxial mesoderm) is largely conserved. In contrast, the echinoderms and hemichordates are sister groups of the chordates and they lack the notochord and paraxial mesoderm. Thus, the basic mesodermal organization of vertebrates must have appeared first in the common ancestor of the chordates.[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: note that all AOs differ in the relationship between this structure and the mesoderm; in ZFA it is a subclass (and this is implied by the GO definition and GO relationships), in AAO it is part of, and in EHDAA2 it develops from the mesoderm (but in EHDAA2 the naming convention is to use 'paraxial mesenchyme', rather than 'paraxial mesoderm'). Also in ZFA it is part of the trunk whereas this conflicts with the division into head and trunk in ehdaa2 (which we follow here)
A ventral region of glial cells in the neural tube that provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types. The floor plate is evident at the ventral midline by the neural fold stage[GO]. A structure integral to the developing nervous system of vertebrate organisms. Located on the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube, the floor plate is a specialized glial structure that spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions. It has been shown that the floor plate is conserved among vertebrates with homologous structures in invertebrates such as the fruit fly Drosophila and the nematode C. elegans. Functionally, the structure serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube[WP].
Organizing center consisting of a small group of cells located at the ventral midline of the neural tube that influences the development of the nervous system, governing the specification of neuronal cell types and directing axonal trajectories.[AAO]
Note that although this is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the floor plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. Consider 'floor plate of neural tube'.
editor note: TODO - add grouping class for the anterior end of the neural tube at all stages
Portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, is continuous with the extra-embryonic mesoderm, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures[MP].
Portion of mesoderm traditionally thought to give rise to limb bones and parts of the girdles.[AAO]
The portion of the mesoderm of the trunk of vertebrate embryos lying lateral to the intermediate mesoderm. [...] [It] subdivides into two plates: one dorsal, called the somatopleure, and one ventral, called the splanchnopleure. [Gastrulation:_From_cells_to_embryo_(2004)_Cold_Spring_Harbor, Glossary_XV, New_York:_Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory_Press, Stern_CD][VHOG]
A ventrolateral zone of amphioxus mesoderm grows down to surround the gut. Homology of this zone to the lateral plate mesoderm of vertebrates is supported by site of origin and fate.[well established][VHOG]
A group of tissues formed from somites that develop into the body wall muscle[WP]. Somitic compartment that is a precursor of muscle. mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the musculature[MP]. Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses[ZFA]
Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
In all vertebrates, the skeletal muscle of the body axis is chiefly derived from an early embryonic compartment, known as the myotome.[well established][VHOG]
Editors note: The term "myotome" is also used to describe the muscles served by a single nerve root / spinal segment - consider adding new class.
Trunk portion of the neural crest. The trunk neural crest lies between the vagal and sacral neural crest and gives rise to two groups of cells. One group migrates dorsolateral and populates the skin, forming pigment cells and the other migrates ventrolateral through the anterior sclerotome to become the epinephrine-producing cells of the adrenal gland and the neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. Some cells remain in the sclerotome to form the dorsal root ganglia [Wikipedia].
Post-cranial portion of the neural crest. Exact anatomical derivations not experimentally resolved in amphibians.[AAO]
We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]
Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline to form the heart rudiment or cone.
Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline between 21 and 26 somites to form the heart rudiment or cone. Stainier 2001.[TAO]
The fused aspects of ventral mesoderm, which have migrated from either side of the prechordal plate, and fused ventrally, just behind the cement gland. They will give rise to the endocardium at NF stage 27&28.[AAO]
relationship loss: develops_from lateral mesoderm (TAO:0001065)[TAO]
editor note: should probably be fused with heart rudiment.
Ventral somitic compartment that is a precursor of the axial skeleton[XAO]. Sclerotomes eventually differentiate into the vertebrae and most of the skull. The caudal (posterior) half of one sclerotome fuses with the rostral (anterior) half of the adjacent one to form each vertebra. From their initial location within the somite, the sclerotome cells migrate medially towards the notochord. These cells meet the sclerotome cells from the other side to form the vertebral body. From this vertebral body, sclerotome cells move dorsally and surround the developing spinal cord, forming the vertebral arch[WP].
The vertebrate sclerotome has no equivalent in amphioxus and is a novelty linked with the evolution of the axial skeleton.[well established][VHOG]
The initial thyroid precursor, the thyroid primordium, starts as a simple midline thickening and develops to form the thyroid diverticulum. This structure is initially hollow, although it later solidifies and becomes bilobed. The 2 lobes are located on either side of the midline and are connected via an isthmus.
Portion of tissue part of the pharyngeal endoderm that is fated to become thyroid follicle[ZFIN:curator].
In all vertebrates the thyroid arises from the ventral aspect of the second pouch[PMID:16313389]. Note that we follow EHDAA2 in dividing this into endoderm and mesenchyme. In this ontology we place the broad developmental relationship at this level, and include specific relationships to the pharyngeal endoderm at the level of the endoderm
The cranial neural crest arises in the anterior and populates the face and the pharyngeal arches giving rise to bones, cartilage, nerves and connective tissue [Wikipedia].
Anterior most portion of the neural crest. Migrates in three highly conserved streams: mandibular, hyoid and branchial.[AAO]
Neural crest that is part of the head.[TAO]
Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes.
Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes.
Organism subdivision that is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface[ZFA].
Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface.[ZFA]
Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types.
Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage[XAO]. A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium[ZFA]. The part of the embryonic mesoderm, consisting of loosely packed, unspecialized cells set in a gelatinous ground substance, from which connective tissue, bone, cartilage, and the circulatory and lymphatic systems develop[BTO].
A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage.[AAO]
Editors notes: the relationship to mesoderm is weaker than develops_from in order to have classes such as 'head mesenchyme from mesoderm' make sense
Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organ.
Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the peripheral olfactory organ.[TAO]
Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the neurocranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organs.[AAO]
Subdivision of skeleton that includes all dermal bones in the cranial skeleton[ZFA,modified].
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of dermally derived bones.[TAO]
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium which consists of dermally derived bones.[AAO]
Editor notes: wikipedia treats skull roof and dermatocranium as synonymous, but some sources treat the roof as being part of the dermatocranium - see UBERONREF:0000007
The third branchial arch contributes to the development of the hyoid bone, stylopharyngeus muscle, inferior parathyroid gland, and thymus.
The most anterior, or first, pharygeal/branchial arch, composed of the mandibular process, forming the posterior border of the stomodeum, and the maxillary process anterior to the stomodeum, contains the first aortic arch.[AAO]
in XAO, called branchial arch 1 and df VP3
The chorion is one of the membranes that exists during pregnancy between the developing fetus and mother. It is formed by extraembryonic mesoderm and the two layers of trophoblast and surrounds the embryo and other membranes. The chorionic villi emerge from the chorion, invade the endometrium, and allow transfer of nutrients from maternal blood to fetal blood.
The outer membrane enclosing the embryo in reptiles, birds, and mammals. [TFD][VHOG]
The outer membrane of the two membranes enclosing the embryo in reptiles, birds, and mammals. In placental mammals it contributes to the development of the placenta[BTO:0000252].
Development notes: Extra-embryonic ectoderm[PMID:19829370]. Taxon notes: The chorion of placentals is bilaminar as in reptiles and birds, but forms from the trophoblast and includes the ajdacent mesodermal layer [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"].
The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches [GO:dph].
An elongated tube which carries air to and from the lungs.[AAO]
The respiratory tube between the larynx and the bronchi. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]
In primitive fishes and most tetrapods, the lungs of adults are usually paired. They lie ventral to the digestive tract and are connected to the outside environment through the trachea.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: in mouse 15-18 C-rings, 15-20 in human. [ISBN10:0123813611]. In birds, the trachea runs from the pharynx to the syrinx, from which the primary bronchi diverge. Swans have an unusually elongated trachea, part of which is coiled beneath the sternum; this may act as a resonator to amplify sound. In some birds, the cartilagenous rings are complete, and may even be ossified. In amphibians, the trachea is normally extremely short, and leads directly into the lungs, without clear primary bronchi. A longer trachea is, however found in some long-necked salamanders, and in caecilians. While there are irregular cartilagenous nodules on the amphibian trachea, these do not form the rings found in amniotes. The only vertebrate to have lungs, but no trachea, is Polypterus, in which the lungs arise directly from the pharynx.
Upper portion of the skull that excludes the mandible (when present in the organism).
The term cranium can be ambiguous, in that it can refer to the neurocranium, or the neurocranium and the Facial skeleton[WP]. AO notes: the inclusion of the FMA class here is probably not quite correct, as this class includes as parts sutures, whereas this is not part of the bones of the cranium
Anatomical structure that is part of the head consisting entirely of cranium and mandible[WP].
In FMA the skull is divided into orbit, neurocranium (8 parts), viscerocranium (26 parts). Here we have a separate overlapping division into cranium and mandible. // A skull that is missing a mandible is only a cranium; this is the source of a very commonly made error in terminology. Those animals having skulls are called craniates[WP]. Editor/AO notes: in many ontologies, the structure called the cranium is inclusive of the mandible/lower jaw skeleton
GO uses genitalia for the singular organ
female organism reproductive system organ
reproductive structure of female organism
reproductive system organ of female organism
reproductive system organ of male organism
one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]
A mass of intermediate mesodermal cells around the distal end of the ureteric bud that gives rise to nephrons in the metanephric kidney. [TFD][VHOG]
When the ureteric buds emerge from the nephric duct, they enter the metanephrogenic mesenchyme. The ureteric buds induce this mesenchymal tissue to condense around them and differentiate into the nephrons of the mammalian kidney. As this mesenchyme differentiates, it tells the ureteric bud to branch and grow.[well established][VHOG]
Genes: The positional specification of the metanephrogenic mesenchyme is negatively regulated by Foxc1 and Foxc2. Next the permanent kidney forming metanephrogenic mesenchyme is specified by Hox11 genes. The competence to respond to ureteric bud inducers is regulated by WT1. GDNF secretion restricted to posterior region by Robo2 and Sprouty1. The receptors for GDNF are synthesized in the nephric ducts and later in ureteric buds [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology"]
Endochondral bones that are often elongate and arranged in rows of articulating elements, and form the visible part of the digits.
Taxon notes: In primates such as humans and monkeys, the thumb and big toe have two phalanges, while the other fingers and toes consist of three[WP]
An epithelium that is part of a lactiferous gland [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of lobe of mammary gland
Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all ribs in an organism connected via the sternum.
Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one rib in an individual.[TAO]
Editor note: we make the germ layer relationship develops_from, as currently the germ layers are declared to be purely embryonic. TODO - check. WP:Amnion - In the human embryo the earliest stages of the formation of the amnion have not been observed; in the youngest embryo which has been studied the amnion was already present as a closed sac, and appears in the inner cell-mass as a cavity. This cavity is roofed in by a single stratum of flattened, ectodermal cells, the amniotic ectoderm, and its floor consists of the prismatic ectoderm of the embryonic disk—the continuity between the roof and floor being established at the margin of the embryonic disk. Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion.
An extraembryonic structure that develops_from a endoderm and is part of a yolk sac.
An endoderm that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition].
A subdivision of skeleton that is part of the upper jaw region[Automatically generated definition].
The jaw joint of all jawed vertebrates, except for mammals, involves the quadrate and articular bones, or the posterior ends of the palatoquadrate and mandibular cartilages; A correlate of the conversion of the articular and quadrate bones to the malleus and incus is that all adult mammals have a jaw joint that lies between the dentary of the lower jaw and the squamosal bone of the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]
A subdivision of skeleton that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition].
The ventral portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the lower jaw.[TAO]
relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: develops_from anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]
relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: overlaps anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]
relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: part_of anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]
relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: subdivision_of anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]
in EHDAA2, this does not include the mandible; it includes the teeth and Meckel's cartilage
The portion of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach; from its dorsal sheet, the greater omentum develops, and from its ventral sheet, the lesser omentum.
The portion of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach; from its dorsal sheet, the greater omentum develops, and from its ventral sheet, the lesser omentum. [TFD][VHOG]
A gland that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition].
Racemose mucous glands beneath the mucous membrane of the pharynx.
A gland that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
A floor plate that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition].
In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]
Mesenchyme that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition].
A ganglion that is part of a peripheral nervous system [Automatically generated definition].
We follow MA in including separate classes for ganglion and peripheral nervous system, even though for vertebrates gangia are always in the PNS
A layer of epithelial cells on the surface of the mucosa.
An epithelium that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition].
Epithelium lining the pharynx consisting largely of simple columnar epithelium with a short segment (1mm) of stratified squamous epithelium on the ventral side. Chen et al, 2007.[TAO]
An epithelium that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition].
A gland that is part of a digestive tract [Automatically generated definition].
Mesenchyme that is part of a pelvic appendage bud.
a gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It also contains some fibroblasts and macrophages. It is derived from Extra Embryonic Mesoderm[WP]
A bone that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
A bone that is part of a facial skeleton [Automatically generated definition].
Editors note: test whether 'facial bone' is an exact synonym
A bone that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
A bone that is part of a hindlimb region. Examples: any pes phalanx, femur. Counter-examples: ischium, pubis (they are part of the pelvic girdle)
Note that the MA class is actually bone of pelvic complex; in contrast the NCIT class excludes ilium etc
An artery that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
A blood vessel that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
A blood vessel that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition].
A blood vessel that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].
A blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
A blood vessel that is part of the arterial system. Includes artery, arteriole and aorta.
only in MA - supertype of artery, arteriole, aorta.
A blood vessel that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
A blood vessel that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition].
A gray matter of neuraxis that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition].
A portion of connective tissue that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
portion of connective tissue of adult head
A long bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition].
A long bone that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Automatically generated definition].
An arterial blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
respiratory system arterial blood vessel
A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1.
Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and tarsal 1 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit I distally.[AAO]
The first metatarsal bone is the bone in the body of the foot just behind the big toe. It is remarkable for its great thickness, and is the shortest of the metatarsal bones. The body is strong, and of well-marked prismoid form. The base presents, as a rule, no articular facets on its sides, but occasionally on the lateral side there is an oval facet, by which it articulates with the second metatarsal. Its proximal articular surface is of large size and kidney-shaped; its circumference is grooved, for the tarsometatarsal ligaments, and medially gives insertion to part of the tendon of the Tibialis anterior; its plantar angle presents a rough oval prominence for the insertion of the tendon of the Peronæus longus. The head is large; on its plantar surface are two grooved facets, on which glide sesamoid bones; the facets are separated by a smooth elevation[Wikipedia:First_metatarsal_bone].
A bone that is part of a mesopodial skeleton[cjm]. The carpus (wrist) and tarsus (ankle) of land vertebrates primitively had three rows of carpal or tarsal bones. Often some of these have become lost or fused in evolution. Three proximals. In the hand humans has all three. In the foot the middle proximal appears in 5-15% of people as an os trigonum. Centrale or os centrale, on the medial side. In humans and our closest relatives the African apes (chimpanzees and gorillas) it fuses to the scaphoid where it forms the articulation with the trapezoid bone; occasionally it stays separate. In Man's foot it is the navicular. Some early land vertebrates had more than one (up to three) os centrale per hand or foot. Distals, one per finger / toe at the base of each metacarpal or metatarsal. In mammals the 4th and 5th fuse. In the horse the 1st is lost[WP].
a small fluid-filled sac lined by synovial membrane with an inner capillary layer of slimy fluid. It provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint. This helps to reduce friction between the bones and allows free movement. Bursae are filled with synovial fluid and are found around most major joints of the body.
Dentition refers to set of teeth, especially with regard to their number, kind, and arrangement, in the mouth.[AAO]
body cavity of the human body (and animal bodies) that holds the bulk of the viscera. It is located below (or inferior to) the thoracic cavity, and above the pelvic cavity. It is a part of the abdominopelvic cavity. Organs of the abdominal cavity include the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, kidneys, and large intestine. The abdominal cavity is lined with a protective membrane termed the peritoneum. The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity behind the peritoneum, in the retroperitoneum. The viscera are also covered, in the front, with a layer of peritoneum called the greater omentum (or omental apron).
The abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall is split into the posterior (back), lateral (sides) and anterior (front) walls. There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the extraperitoneal fat, the parietal peritoneum, and a layer of fascia which has different names over where it covers (eg transversalis, psoas fascia). Superficial to these, but not present in the posterior wall are the three layers of muscle, the transversus abdominis (transverse abdominal muscle), the internal (obliquus internus) and the external oblique (obliquus externus).
Portion of tissue which consists of neurons, neuroglia and vasculature. Examples: Neural tissue of brain, neural tissue of peripheral ganglion, neural tissue of nerve[FMA].
One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Cells forming the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system.[AAO]
the sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex.
The mediastinum is a non-delineated group of structures in the thorax, surrounded by loose connective tissue. It is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. It contains the heart, the great vessels of the heart, esophagus, trachea, phrenic nerve, cardiac nerve, thoracic duct, thymus, and lymph nodes of the central chest. The mediastinum lies between the right and left pleura in and near the median sagittal plane of the chest. It extends from the sternum in front to the vertebral column behind, and contains all the thoracic viscera except the lungs. It may be divided for purposes of description into two parts:an upper portion, above the upper level of the pericardium, which is named the superior mediastinum with its superior limit at the superior thoracic opening and its inferior limit at the plane from the sternal angle to the disc of T4-T5 (Plane of Ludwig at Angle of Louis); and a lower portion, below the upper level of the pericardium. This lower portion is again subdivided into three parts, viz. that in front of the pericardium, the anterior mediastinum; that containing the pericardium and its contents, the middle mediastinum; and that behind the pericardium, the posterior mediastinum. It is surrounded by the chest wall anteriorly, the lungs laterally and the spine posteriorly. It is continuous with the loose connective tissue of the neck, and extends inferiorly onto the diaphragm.
the mucous membrane epithelium of the mouth. It can be divided into three categories: masticatory, lining, and specialized.
Usage notes: this is defined as any mucous membrane of the mouth - including palate, lips, uvula, etc. ncit split mouth/oral mucosa into lip and buccal. In future we may split into masticatory/keratinized (gingiva + hard palate) vs lining/non-keratinized (lips, cheeks, floor of mouth, soft palate). FMA distinguishes between mucosa of mouth and region of mouth (the latter including the buccal mucosa)
A region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium destined to become the prostate[GO].
AR activation releases instructive signals from UGM that acts on UGS epithelium (UGE) to stimulate cell proliferation, form prostate ductal progenitors (prostatic buds), and regulate cell adhesion dynamics to permit prostatic bud outgrowth. There are three phases of prostatic budding: (1) the specification phase, when instructive developmental cues define where buds will form in the UGS, (2) the initiation phase, when prostatic buds begin to form, and (3) the elongation phase, when proliferation, cell adhesion, and cell migration coordinate outgrowth of prostatic buds into UGM. Timing of prostatic bud formation and the quantity and pattern of buds that are formed in the UGS are strictly regulated [3, 4]. The position of prostatic buds as they emerge from the UGS in utero determines the arrangement of prostate ducts in adulthood.[PMID:18977204]
The middle limb segment of the pelvic free limb, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the hindlimb zeugopodial skeleton, which includes as parts the tibia and fibula, or their cartilage precursors, or evolutionary variants.
note that FMA:24979 denotes the middle segment (zeugopod), its placement here is correct. See obo-anatomy archives for discussion // Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here
A bone that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
A bone that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition].
A blood vessel that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition].
blood vessel of abdominal segment of trunk
An anatomical space that surrounded_by a neural tube.
A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a midbrain.
A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a telencephalon.
Cranial neural crest that is part of the telencephalon.[TAO]
A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a diencephalon.
A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a hindbrain.
Cranial neural crest that is part of the hindbrain.[TAO]
A neural crest that developmentally_contributes_to a spinal cord.
We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...)[well established][VHOG]
Mesenchyme that gives rise to an odontogenic papilla.
Mesenchyme enclosed by dental organ.[TAO]
Editor notes: we follow ZFA in introducing an additional distinction between the dental papilla and the (uncondensed) mesenchyme. Note that in some species such as zebrafish teeth are not part of the mouth, and sharks have dermal denticles which share similar developmental origins with teeth. For now we assume a NC origin for all and add a taxon restriction to 1st arch mesenchyme
Mesenchyme that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].
A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Automatically generated definition].
A presumptive structure that develops_into a ganglion.
An anatomical cavity that develops_into a coelemic cavity lumen.
In the development of the human embryo the intraembryonic coelom (or somatic coelom) is a portion of the conceptus forming in the mesoderm. During the second week of development, the lateral mesoderm splits into a dorsal somatic mesoderm (somatopleure) and a ventral splanchnic mesoderm (splanchnopleure). The resulting cavity between the somatopleure and splanchnopleure is called the intraembryonic coelom. This space will give rise to the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It briefly has a connection with the extraembryonic coelom[WP].
(...) I regard it unlikely that coeloms of all bilaterian animals are comparable and evolved very early. Considering all these questions, few convincing characters concerning the evolution of body cavities remain to be named. (...) A segmental coelom appears to have evolved at least two times, in Annelida and in Myomerata (Acrania and Craniota).[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: consider merging with coelom. TODO - add spatial relationships to halves of LPM. Note the OG places XAO and ZFA coelem terms here. Todo: check ZFA, which appears to be a structure present in adults
Two very fine tubes lined with ciliated epithelia, leading from the ovaries of female mammals into the uterus, via the utero-tubal junction[WP]. Embryos have two pairs of ducts to let gametes out of the body; one pair (the Mullerian ducts) develops in females into the Fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina, while the other pair (the Wolffian ducts) develops in males into the epididymis and vas deferens.
paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin[WP]. develops either by lengthwise splitting of the archinephric duct (in chondrichthyans and some amphibians) or by a elongated invagination of the coelomic epithelium (other vertebrates) In males, the oviducts regress. The cranial end of the oviduct maintains an opening into the coelom (which primitively may have been the anteriormost coelomic funnels connecting the nephrocoel with the coelom). This opening is the ostium tubae[USM].
Either of the paired embryonic ducts developing into the uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina in the female and becoming largely obliterated in the male. [TFD][VHOG]
Transient developmental organ which gives rise to oviducts in female (documented to persist in some male frogs).[AAO]
In females, the archinephric (mesonephric) ducts tend to function only within the urinary systems. The muellerian duct arises embryologically next to the archinephric (wolffian) duct. In males, the muellerian duct regresses if it appears at all, but in females, the muellerian ducts become the oviducts of the reproductive system.[well established][VHOG]
Development notes: Sertoli cells secrete anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) inducing the demise of this duct
Connective, non-functional supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue, or organ. Contrast with parenchyma.
A small endodermal thickening in the foregut adjacent to the transverse septum. Invaginates forming the hepatic diverticulum.
Editor's note: consider adding further subdivisions of the endoderm, e.g. ventral foregut. Note we place two EFO classes here, it's not clear how they differ
The part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells[GO].
(...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]
editor note - we follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers; the neural layers are further divided into 9 layers. Note that in MA this class is a leaf node.
hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food.
Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system.
Any endothelium that has the quality of being cylindrical [Automatically generated definition].
Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney[GO].
a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart
embryonic structure that develops into pancreatic bud.
AO notes: in EHDAA2 this has dorsal and ventral primordia as parts. the buds are part of the primordium, with the ducts developing from the buds; only parenchyma and ducts have contribution from buds. Terminology notes: revisit after standardizing terms 'primordium', 'anlagen', 'bud'
The embryonic pancreas develops from two separate anlagen in the foregut epithelium, one dorsal and two ventral pancreatic buds[PMID]. In humans, an embryonic structure that is an outgrowth of the duodenum during embryogenesis - joins together to form the adult pancreas[WP].
pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct.
The pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct.[AAO]
In chick, Xenopus laevis, and the teleost fish Medaka, the pancreas develops from three buds that emerge from the gut tube, two from its ventral aspect, and one from its dorsal aspect. In mouse, although there are initially three buds that arise from the gut tube at the point of contact between the endoderm and the vasculature, the pancreas develops from only two of these buds, one dorsal and one ventral. (...) In this study, we use a transgenic zebrafish line (...). We provide evidence for the existence of two distinct pancreatic anlagen - a ventral anterior bud and a dorsal posterior bud - that join to form the definitive pancreas (reference 1); The pancreas develops from the fusion of distinct endoderm-derived dorsal and ventral diverticula. In humans, by day 35 of development, the ventral pancreatic bud begins to migrate backwards and comes into contact and eventually fuses with the dorsal pancreatic bud during the sixth week of development (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
pancreatic bud that gives rise to the major pancreatic duct.
Development notes: the ventral pancreas and liver are derived from a common precursor cell population[PMID:16417468]. TODO - add this relationship. // The ventral pancreatic bud becomes the head and uncinate process, and comes from the hepatic diverticulum[WP]
A duct that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
An epithelium that is part of a digestive tract [Automatically generated definition].
Epithelium lining the lumen of the gut.[TAO]
epithelial tissue of lower gastrointestinal tract
epithelium of lower gastrointestinal tract
lower gastrointestinal tract epithelial tissue
A cartilage element of chondrocranium. Example: neurocranial trabecula.
A cartilage element that is part of the cranial skeleton.
Cartilage which is part of the cranium.[TAO]
any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction
An anastomosing network of delicate tubules located in the hilum of the testicle (mediastinum testis) that carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vasa efferentia[WP].
Editors note: add more specific classification e.g. anastomosing network - consider FMA:3726
the lymph nodes located outside the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the submandibular, prescapular, axillary, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes
the internal feminine genital organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, uterine cervix, and vagina.
internal genitalia of female reproductive system
the mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the dermis[MP]
Not to be confused with 'dermatome segment of skin'.
the transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate
The transient fetal subplate zone, together with the marginal zone and the cortical plate, represents the developmental anlage of the mammalian cerebral cortex. It serves as a waiting compartment for growing cortical afferents; its cells are involved in the establishment of pioneering cortical efferent projections and transient fetal circuitry, and apparently have a number of other developmental roles. The subplate zone is a phylogenetically recent structure and it is most developed in the human brain. Subplate neurons are among the first generated neurons in the mammalian cerebral cortex [1]. These neurons disappear during postnatal development and are important in establishing the correct wiring [2][3] and functional maturation [4] of the cerebral cortex. Subplate neurons appear to be selectively sensitive to injury (such as hypoxia) which in humans are associated with motor and cognitive defects[WP].
the external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum
the internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands
Editor note: consider splitting genitalia from genital organ
the layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen
consider merging with 'ventricular zone'
the layer of glia and differentiating neurons that will form the gray matter of the spinal cord; this lies between the ventricular and marginal layers and includes the basal and alar plates
the outermost layer of the neural tube that contains nerve fibers and will form the white matter
An unpaired facial process in the embryo formed from the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle that develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout[MP]. During embryonic development, two areas of thickened ectoderm, the olfactory areas, appear immediately under the fore-brain in the anterior wall of the stomodeum, one on either side of a region termed the frontonasal prominence (or process)[WP]. By the upgrowth of the surrounding parts these areas are converted into pits, the olfactory pits, which indent the frontonasal prominence and divide it into a medial and two lateral nasal processes[WP].
the lateral area of the two branches of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling in the future nasal region of the embryo; it separates the olfactory pit from the developing eye and the ala of the nose/snout develops from it
the central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo; it joins with the ipsilateral maxillary prominence in the formation of half of the upper jaw, and the nasal tip and philtrum of the upper lip develop from it
Fusion of right and left medial nasal processes forms a primary palate rostrally and the nasal septum caudally. The incisive bone, including upper incisor teeth and the rostral up- per lip, are derived from the primary palate. The nasal septum consists of bone, cartilage, and a patch of soft tissue membrane that separates right & left halves of the nasal cavity.
one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid
Note that FMA draws the distinction between e.g. 'fourth ventricle' and 'cavity of fourth ventricle'. The latter is a cavity, and part of the former, which is a region. The superclass of 'fourth ventricle' is_a 'region of ventricular system of the brain'. We place this class here, although it is not equivalent to ventricles, as it includes ventricle bodies.
TODO: consider the following: eyeball (eye proper) part_of eye (= eyeball+eyelid etc) part_of ocular region (= eye + adnexa such as eyebrow); note the FMA class is more narrow though, and is more like eye + muscles + vasculature // in HP covers eyelid, eyebrow.
the middle of the face including the nose and its associated bony structures[MW].
editors note: this class is currently a union of the snout (e.g. in mouse), the midface and the lower face. Note that in MA, snout includes the whole jaw and should thus be more alike the lower face than the midface, so its placement here is not strictly accurate. In future we might introduce specific classes for each of these, and include the full parthood relationships. if this is done, then care should be taken to preserve inferences such as an abnormality of the lower face being an abnormality of the midface.
one of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth[WP]. The alveolar ridges contain the sockets (alveoli) of the teeth[HP].
note that in BTO, this is part of an embryo
note that FMA has both conduit and conduit space. In EHDAA2 this is a surface feature
embryonic structure that forms on the endodermal side between the pharyngeal arches, and pharyngeal grooves (or clefts) form the lateral ectodermal surface of the neck region to separate the arches. The pouches line up with the clefts, and these thin segments become gills in fish[WP]. Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits[ZFA].
Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits. Crump et al, 2004.[TAO]
AO notes: VHOG and EMAPAA distinguish between pouch endoderm and pouch but we merge those here. Editor notes: consider adding location (precursor) - i.e. internal (endodermal) // The pouches are polarized structures. For example, whereas the rostral half of each pouch expresses Bmp-7, the caudal half expresses FGF-8 and the dorsal aspect of each pouch is marked via its expression of Pax-1. each pouch has an individual sense of identity. Shh expression is a prominent early feature of the caudal endoderm of the second arch, and individual pouches mark the anterior limits of expression of Hox genes within the pharyngeal endoderm; Hox-a2 has a rostral boundary at the second pouch, Hox-a3 at the third pouch and Hox-a4 at the most caudal pouch[PMID:16313389]
An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the endoderm.
An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the mesoderm.
An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm.
An anatomical system that has_part a reproductive system and has_part a excretory system.
Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction.[AAO]
relationship type change: differentiates_from intermediate mesoderm (AAO:0010575) CHANGED TO: develops_from intermediate mesoderm (UBERON:0003064)[AAO]
Kidneys and gonads (of vertebrates) develop from adjacent tissues, and after the excretory or urinary ducts have developed, the reproductive system usually taps into them or their derivatives.[well established][VHOG]
The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup[GO]. Portion of tissue that is comprised of neuroepitheium which has pinched off from the anterior neural keel and will form the optic cup[ZFA].
(...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles.[well established][VHOG]
Genes: Six3, Pax6, Rx1 are expressed together in the tip of the neural plate [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology"]. Development notes: During subsequent develop- ment, the optic vesicle invaginates and becomes a two-layered structure with an inner neural retina and outer retinal pigment epithelium. As soon as the developing optic vesicle makes contact with the overlying ectoderm, it induces the ectoderm to thicken and form the lens placode PMID:16496288
In mammals, the proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO].
todo - ensure definition works across species.
The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that consists of the convoluted and straight distal tubule segments
The first recognizable structure derived from the heart field
(In vertebrates) The embryonic mesoderm is the source of both the cardiogenic plate, giving rise to the future myocardium as well as the endocardium that will line the system on the inner side.[well established][VHOG]
TODO - check plate vs rudiment vs primordium vs endocardial tube. See XAO
a specific region of the lateral mesoderm in which the heart will develop.
note that this term denotes the primary heart field; GO:0003128 denotes the superclass of primary and secondary: specific region of the lateral mesoderm into the area which will form the primary beating heart tube[GO:0003138]
Cavitated compound organ that will become the adult heart following looping morphogenesis and valve formation[ZFA].
The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries
A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart
generic enough to cover FBbt:00003156 heart chamber but this is a cavity. GO defines it as the cavity. TODO - move subclasses. Note this also includes sinus venosus
A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm[VHOG].
A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm. [TFD][VHOG]
In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart (of other tetrapods) is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]
Note that in EHDAA2 this is divided into mesenchymal portion and hepatic diverticulum
The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals
The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals
Organ that is part of the hematopoietic system.
note that the FMA class 'lymphoid organ' is a general anatomical term
A portions of the gut that is derived from endoderm.
The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron
The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron
Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron
The detailed events associated with the differentiation of the nephrogenic mesenchyme are somewhat complex. It has been suggested that each terminal branch of the ureteric bud stimulates the associated cap mesenchyme tissue to form a renal vesicle (the most primitive stage of nephron development: a stage I nephron). This then elongates, becomes a comma-shaped and then an S-shaped body (stage II nephron), and makes contact with and fuses with the distal component of the ureteric bud. The latter then forms the collecting duct. One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowman’s capsule (also termed the glomerular capsule). Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade to make a capillary knot-like outgrowth, the glomerular tuft, which goes on to form the glomerulus. The inner epithelial layer of the Bowman’s capsule (also called the visceral epithelium, or podocyte layer because it consists of podocytes) is closely apposed to the endothelial glomerulus. Together, the Bowman’s capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. The rest of the nephron elongates to form components of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule. The distal pole of the developing nephron connects to the ureteric bud that induced it at an early stage of nephron/ collecting duct development, before differentiation of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule are complete. This connection allows the excretory products produced by the kidney to be removed and subsequently transferred, via the ureter, into the bladder where they are stored until it is appropriate to empty the bladder. [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron]
The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells.
Editor notes: note that this class includes both metanephric and mesonephric vesicles - ZFA and EHDAA2 associations are placed with these classes. TODO - make a more specific develops_from relationship - see UBERON:0005107
The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron
A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition].
todo - check MA and FMA classes mean the same thing
A bone that is part of a hindlimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids.
bone of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb
bone of terminal segment of free lower limb digit
bone organ of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb
bone organ of terminal segment of free lower limb digit
digit of terminal segment of free lower limb bone
digit of terminal segment of free lower limb bone organ
terminal segment of free lower limb digit bone
terminal segment of free lower limb digit bone organ
A bone that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
bone of inferior member middle limb segment
bone of intermediate segment of free lower limb
bone of lower extremity middle limb segment
bone of middle limb segment of hind limb
bone of middle limb segment of inferior member
bone of middle limb segment of lower extremity
bone organ of hind limb middle limb segment
bone organ of hindlimb middle limb segment
bone organ of inferior member middle limb segment
bone organ of intermediate segment of free lower limb
bone organ of lower extremity middle limb segment
bone organ of middle limb segment of hind limb
bone organ of middle limb segment of hindlimb
bone organ of middle limb segment of inferior member
bone organ of middle limb segment of lower extremity
bone organ of zeugopod of inferior member
bone organ of zeugopod of lower extremity
hind limb middle limb segment bone organ
inferior member middle limb segment bone
inferior member middle limb segment bone organ
intermediate segment of free lower limb bone
intermediate segment of free lower limb bone organ
lower extremity middle limb segment bone
lower extremity middle limb segment bone organ
middle limb segment of hind limb bone organ
middle limb segment of hindlimb bone organ
middle limb segment of inferior member bone
middle limb segment of inferior member bone organ
middle limb segment of lower extremity bone
middle limb segment of lower extremity bone organ
all the bones and/or cartilage elements in the body. Together with the articular system, this comprises the skeletal system.
Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body.[VSAO]
Note that the source FMA definition has been modified here to include cartilage skeletons. We may wish to introduce subclasses for bony/cartilage skeletons.
The bilaminar epithelium formed from the myotome and dermatome.
Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis. Within the dermomyotome there is also a medio-lateral difference. The central region makes dermis, the mesenchymal connective tissue of the back skin. The medial region (closest to neural tube) makes epaxial muscle, and the lateral region (furthest from neural tube) makes hypaxial muscle[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=eurekah&part=A66768].
Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis.[TAO]
Portion of somites that gives rise to dermis and muscles.[AAO]
Thus, representatives of the agnathan vertebrates, chondrichthyans, and sarcopterygians all have a layer of undifferentiated cells external to the embryonic myotome. In the amniotes, this external cell layer is the dermomyotome. The simplest interpretation of the similar position, morphology, and lack of myosin labeling is that a dermomyotome epithelium is a shared, ancestral vertebrate characteristic.[well established][VHOG]
a cone-like structure that is formed when myocardial progenitor cells of the heart field fuse at the midline. The heart rudiment is the first structure of the heart tube.
The migrating myocardial precursors of the heart rudiment form a cone like structure between 19.5hpf and 22hpf, and eventually telescope out into the primitive heart tube at 24hpf. Stainier 2001.[TAO]
Proximal-most phalanx within a digit[CJM]. Proximal phalanges are bones found in the limbs of most vertebrates. In humans, they are the bones at the base of a toe or finger, the prominent, knobby ends of which are often called the knuckles. In other vertebrates, proximal phalanges have a similar placement in the corresponding limbs, be they paw, wing or fin. In many species, they are the longest and thickest phalanx ('finger' bone)[WP].
A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 1 [Automatically generated definition].
Upper part of skull, consisting of parietals, frontals, post-parietals, and in some species the squamosal and a portion of the alisphenoid
The earliest tetrapods arose from rhipidistian ancestors and retained many of their skull features, including most of the bones of the dermatocranium.[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: We follow PMID:11523816 (Morriss-Kay) in defining the components of the skull vault. Note that there is a conflict with Kardong; e.g. in fig 7.10, Kardong places the squamosal in the temporal series. We cannot place the vault as entirely part of the dermatocranium as it has a small splanchnocranium contribution and a sclerotomal contribution. Terminology notes. we include calvarium as a synonym, but Gray's Anatomy's list includes the Ethmoid and Sphenoid bone in the Calvaria. Some books (and HPO) state that calvaria consists of just the frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, and occipital bone. Note vault may not be precisely equivalent to calvaria
A membranous sac that develops from the posterior part of the alimentary canal in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles, and it is important in the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta in mammals[VHOG].
A membranous sac that develops from the posterior part of the alimentary canal in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles, and it is important in the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta in mammals. [TFD][VHOG]
a diverticulum of the hindgut endoderm [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"]. AO notes: part_of embryo in EHDAA2 - note differences in humans
The primitive streak is a structure that forms during the early stages of avian, reptilian and mammalian embryonic development[WP]. the midline ridge of the embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm[MP]
(...) the blastopore equivalent of chordates (germ ring in fish, marginal zone/blastopore lip in frog and node/primitive streak in chick and mouse) (...) (reference 1); Indeed, the primitive streak has been considered the homologue of the blastopore since the 1870s (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
primitive streak - blastopore - germ ring
AO notes: VHOG includes a very broad grouping here based on PMID:9609826
any of the four veins in the developing vertebrate embryo which run along each side of the vertebral column
Usage notes: current we conflate the cardinal vein and cardinal vein system
outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition
The outer cellular layer of the mammalian blastocyst. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.750, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]
(...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that contact may be made with the maternal uterine tissues when conditions are appropriate. We have here an excellent example of an embryonic adaptation, the development of a structure never present in either adult or embryo of 'lower' vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
Editor notes: distinction between trophectoderm and trophoblast unclear/inconsistent in many sources. AO notes: BTO has this has part of the trophoblast
An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb. The limb bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP].
Early outgrowth of presumptive limb.[AAO]
induced_by Fgf10, capable of initiating limb forming interactions between endoderm and mesoderm
the embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm
multilayered ectodermal region at the distal tip of a limb or fin bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme[MP,modified]. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development[WP].
Distal ectodermal thickening which forms along the anterior-posterior limb axis. Signaling from this region influences proximal-distal patterning of the limb. Structure is missing in some lineages (salamanders, Eleutherodactylus coqui) however morphologically their indistinct distal ectoderm may still be involved in signaling.[AAO]
Proliferative region that is part of the developing fin fold or fin.[TAO]
relationship loss: subclass proliferative region (TAO:0000098)[TAO]
Usage notes: note that media, dorsal fins etc have AERs. Taxon/development notes: The AER of tetrapods regresses after specification of skeletal progenitors, the AER of teleosts form an elongating fin fold[PMID:20574421]. Function notes: maintaining mesenchyme in plastic proliferating state; maintaining expression of A-P axis genes; interacting with D-V proteins. Genes: AER induced by Fgf10 in mesenchyme. AER secretes Fgf8, which stimulates mitosis in the mesenchyme causing Fgf10 production - positive feedback loop
An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb or paired fin. The limb/fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP].
The tetrapod limb is derived from a posterior part of the fin endoskeleton of elasmobranchs and basal bony fish, the so-called metapterygium, a series of endoskeletal elements that is the first to form in the developing paired fins. (...) In addition, there is an independent endoskeletal element called the protopterygium that develops anterior to the metapterygium in many basal fishes (e.g., the bichir and sturgeon). Teleosts have lost the metapterygium whereas the sarcopterygians, on the other hand, have lost the protopterygium. Sarcopterygians thus develop all their endoskeletal structures from the metapterygium and consequently the tetrapod limb skeleton is derived from the metapterygium.[uncertain][VHOG]
Genes: In limb buds of chick and mouse, Shh expression is activated as soon as there is a morphological bud, whereas in S. canicula fin buds, consistent with reported data in other cartilaginous fishes, Shh is transcribed late in fin development[PMID:17187056]
First of six branchial arches that develops in fetal life during the fourth week of development.[1] It is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove.
The first of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]
One of a series of paired embryological vascular structures which give rise to several major arteries.
Paired vessels arching from the ventral to the dorsal aorta through the pharyngeal arches. [TFD][VHOG]
Usage notes: Do not confuse with arch of aorta. Editor notes: add specific artery derivatives. Development notes: The third, fourth, and sixth arches, along with the seventh intersegmental arteries and the left dorsal aorta, are the primary contributors to the normal aortic arch and its major thoracic branches. Taxon notes: Number varies - Lampreys have 8, hagfishes 15; only up to 6 appear in embryonic development in most gnathostome fishes and all tetrapods
A bone that is part of an appendage [Automatically generated definition].
bone of free segment of appendicular skeleton
The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb.
Skeletal subdivision that is part of the limb.[VSAO]
Note that EHDAA2 considers hip and shoulder joints part of limb skeleton.
mesopodial segment of the pes, including the tarsal skeleton and associated tissues.
note that this term refers to the limb segment. See also: tarsal bones and tarsal skeleton. AO notes: MA has both tarsus (part of foot, has tarsal bone) and ankle (part of hindlimb, has joint, nerve, skin).
Sum of all sensory systems in an organism.
Editor notes: consider merging with serous membrane. AO notes: in MA this groups pericardium, pleura and periotoneal cavity lining
Note that this class may be merged into 'serous sac'. See notes for 'cavity lining'
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of an atrium [Automatically generated definition].
A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a myocardium [Automatically generated definition].
Editors note: Note placement of MA class based on parthood relationship
Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels.
The vessels of the cardiovascular system are as varied as the diverse organs they supply. However, these variations are based on modifications of a fundamental plan of organization common to vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]
Usage notes: we treat cardiovascular as part of circulatory system, with the latter including other kinds of circulation, including lymph.
A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.
a vascular network consisting of blood vessels.
An eye that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition].
the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all arteries.
Systemic arteries are the arteries of the systemic circulation, which is the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
The part of the venous system that drains the general body tissues[Kardong]
In human anatomy, the systemic venous system refers to veins that drain into the right atrium without passing through two vascular beds (i.e. they originate from a set of capillaries and do not pass through a second set of capillaries before reaching the right side of the heart). The term systemic venous system is often used to differentiate veins from veins that drain the pulmonary system (the pulmonary venous system) and veins that drain the digestive tract (the portal venous system). Large veins that are considered part of the systemic venous system are the: Superior vena cava; Inferior vena cava[WP]]
Subdivision of cardiovascular system which has as its parts the right side of heart, the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava[FMA]
The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all venous vessels. In vertebrates with a double circulation, this can be divided into systemic and pulmonary portions.
a structure, usually a circular muscle, that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning.
AO notes: FMA class is not a subtype of muscle
An endothelium that lines the blood vasculature. Other endothelia may line lymph vessels, the heart
An endothelium that is part of an arterial system [Automatically generated definition].
An endothelium that is part of a venous system [Automatically generated definition].
An appendage that is part of a appendage girdle complex.
this class is the union of the classes limb, pectoral fin and pelvic fin.
Paired appendage that consists of the posterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues.
VSAO notes - in contrast to VSAO, we include separate subclasses for limbs and fins
Any one of the several large veins of the neck that drain blood from the head[BTO]. Veins in the neck which drain the brain, face, and neck into the brachiocephalic or subclavian veins[GAID]. The jugular veins are veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava[WP].
The embryo and its adnexa (appendages or adjunct parts) or associated membranes (i.e. the products of conception) The conceptus includes all structures that develop from the zygote, both embryonic and extraembryonic. It includes the embryo as well as the embryonic part of the placenta and its associated membranes - amnion, chorion (gestational sac), and yolk sac[WP].
An organ segment that is part of a nervous system [Automatically generated definition].
Editor note: revisit this after CARO is revised and/or we have defined metameric segment
An organ segment that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition].
A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO]
Four classes of mineralized tissues are found in vertebrates: bone, cartilage, dentine, and enamel. We think of cartilage and bone as skeletal tissues and of enamel and dentine as dental tissues, but enamel and dentine arose evolutionarily together with bone as skeletal tissues in the dermal skeleton (exoskeleton) of early vertebrates. Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal skeletal elements that are still composed of the three ancient components-enamel, dentine, and bone. Cartilage, on the other hand, provided the basis for the second vertebrate skeletal system, the endoskeleton (Smith and Hall, 1990; Hall, 1998a,b). some invertebrate skeletal tissues have surprisingly bone-like features. Examples include chondrocytes interconnected by cell processes in cephalopod cartilages (Cole and Hall, 2004a,b), and the calcium phosphate layer in the shells of brachiopods (Rodland et al., 2003). However, neither bone nor mineralized cartilage have been found in invertebrates. Editors notes: TODO - develops_from
the primitive cartilagionous skeletal structure of the fetal skull that grows to envelop the rapidly growing embyonic brain. In humans, the chondrocranium begins forming at 28 days from mesenchymal condensations and is fully formed between week 7 and 9 of fetal development. While the majority of the chondrocranium is succeeded by the bony skull in most higher vertebrates, some components do persist into adulthood.[1] In Cartilagious fishes and Agnathans, the chondrocranium persist throughout life.[2] Embryologically, the chondrocranium represent the basal cranial structure, and lay the base for the formation of the endocranium in higher vertebrates[WP].
cartiligionous skeletal structure of skull
note that in contrast to chondrocranium, this structure is entirely cartiliginous. In Chondricthyes this is the same as the neurocranium. FMA:76621 is an undefined fetal structure, so we assume the correct placement is here. Note that this is distinct from MA:0000317 which is the uberon:neurocranium (the part of the cranium that encloses the brain)
Organ consisting of skeletal tissue. Encompasses whole bones, fused bones, cartilaginious elements, teeth, dermal denticles.
Organ entity that is typically involved in mechanical support and may have different skeletal tissue compositions at different stages.[VSAO]
Organ entity that may have different tissue compositions at different stages and is typically involved in mechanical support.[TAO]
TODO - add more general class for other kinds of mineralized tissue
Note that here cranium = skull - mandible
Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body.
A serous membrane that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
serous membrane of gastrointestinal system
A mucosa that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of apparatus respiratorius
mucous membrane of apparatus respiratorius
TODO - split respiratory tract mucosa from respiratory system mucosa
A mucosa that is part of a gastrointestinal system.
The gut mucosa of amphioxus has insulin-secreting cells. PMID:16417468
An epithelium that is part of a respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition].
An epithelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].
apparatus respiratorius epithelial tissue
epithelial tissue of apparatus respiratorius
An epithelium that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of gastrointestinal system
gastrointestinal system epithelial tissue
An epithelium that is part of a nephron tubule [Automatically generated definition].
The epithelium lining the seminiferous tubules composed of primary male germ cells (spermatogonia) and supporting sertoli cells. As spermatogenesis proceeds, the developing germ cells migrate toward the lumen. The adluminal compartment, the inner two thirds of the tubules, contains spermatocytes and the more advanced germ cells[GAID].
epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule
epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule of testis
epithelium of seminiferous tubule of testis
An epithelium that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition].
epithelial tissue of lower respiratory tract
lower respiratory tract epithelial tissue
An epithelium that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition].
An endothelium that is part of an aorta [Automatically generated definition].
endothelium of trunk of systemic arterial tree
trunk of systemic arterial tree endothelium
An endothelium that is part of the cardiovascular system.
A mesentery that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].
Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the future body wall - underlies the ectoderm[WP].
Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the circulatory system and future gut wall - overlies endoderm[WP].
AO notes: We group the BILA class here. Considering adding more general class for metazoa grouping cardiogenic successors
splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm
a structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the outer (or somatic) layer becomes applied to the inner surface of the ectoderm, and with it forms the somatopleure.[WP].
a portion of the urogenital ridge which is the source of much of the urinary system[WP].
part_of or develops_from urogenital ridge?
One of of the pair of folds derived from the cloacal folds which give rise to a portion of the external genitalia; in male embryos they close over the urethral plate and fuse to form the spongy (penile) urethra and ventral aspect of the penis, not including the glans; failure of fusion of the urethral folds leads to hypospadias; in female embryos they fuse only anterior to the anus and form the labia minora[MP].
Less commonly, urogenital fold refers to the fold in the mesonephros which is the precursor of e.g. the suspensory ligament of the ovary. This is the case in older versions of Gray's anatomy[WP]
The central region of trunk mesoderm. This tissue forms the notochord
Notochord rudiment[ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576].
note that WP treats this as synonym of axial mesoderm. Induces neural tube. Gilbert: contains an anterior head process and the notochord.
The fetal urogenital sinus (from which the prostate derives) is a simple cylinder of stratified basal epithelium, surrounded by mesenchyme and positioned between the embryonic bladder and pelvic urethra
we follow EHDAA2 in dividing the UGS into epithelium and lumen
anatomical cluster that connects two or more adjacent skeletal elements or hardened body parts.
A portion of the gut that is derived from ectoderm.
the region of the digestive tract extending from the beginning of the intestines to the anus[GO - gut definition].
WP: small intestine, large intestine, anus. Anal canal not part of LGIT according to FMA, but anus is considered part of LGIT according to WP. Duodenum overlaps both U/L
Note that after reasoning this should subsume the more specific germinal epithelium classes. We include the fly structure here although it is not clear if the sheath is an epithelium or a multi-tissue structure that includes epithelium as parts
intended to denote both embryonic and adult structures. Note the FMA grouping here is not quite correct.
A mucosa that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition].
A mucosa that is part of a pylorus [Automatically generated definition].
mucosa of organ of pyloric part of stomach
mucosa of organ of stomach pyloric region
mucous membrane of pyloric part of stomach
mucous membrane of stomach pyloric region
The mediastinum testis is a network of fibrous connective tissue that extends from the upper to near the lower extremity of the testis, and is wider above than below. From its front and sides numerous imperfect septa (trabeculæ) are given off, which radiate toward the surface of the organ, and are attached to the tunica albuginea. They divide the interior of the organ into a number of incomplete spaces, called lobules. These are somewhat cone-shaped, being broad at their bases at the surface of the gland, and becoming narrower as they converge to the mediastinum. The mediastinum supports the rete testis and blood vessels of the testis in their passage to and from the substance of the gland[WP]
An external genitalia that is part of a female reproductive system [Automatically generated definition].
external genitalia of female reproductive system
An organ that is part of a immune system [Automatically generated definition].
A gland that is part of a hemolymphoid system [Automatically generated definition].
One of the two elevated edges of the neural groove[GO,MP].
In front of the primitive streak two longitudinal ridges, caused by a folding up of the ectoderm, make their appearance, one on either side of the middle line. These are named the neural folds; they commence some little distance behind the anterior end of the embryonic disk, where they are continuous with each other, and from there gradually extend backward, one on either side of the anterior end of the primitive streak. Also, after differentiation it turns into the neural tubes[Wikipedia:Neural_fold].
a solid rod of neurectoderm derived from the neural keel. The neural rod is roughly circular in cross section. Neural rod formation occurs during primary neurulation in teleosts[GO]. An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube[ZFIN].
An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
the portion of the ureteric bud tube that contributes to the morphogenesis of the metanephros[GO].
The portion of the ureteric bud that contributes to the morphogenesis of the ureter. The ureter ureteric bud is the initial structure that forms the ureter[GO].
An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm[GO]
Homology: With the exception of the adenohypophysis, homologues of the nonneurogenic placodes (e.g. placodes giving rise to the teeth, hair follicles and lens), appear to be lacking in invertebrate chordates. Editor notes: consder adding placodal ectoderm as a distinct class? Also place placodal ectoderm as develops_from ectoderm // AO notes: in GO, covers optic, otic, olfactory, mammary, hair, tooth, sebaceous
An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud[GO].
An tooth placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the tooth bud[GO].
Placode that develops into a tooth. The placode is a thickening of the pharyngeal epithelium.[TAO]
Location notes: In mammals this may be located in the alveolar ridges, but note that some species such as zebrafish have ceratobranchial teeth. Sharks have dermal denticles that share developmental origins. Currently we don't include location information due to this diversity, but in future we may include specific subclasses and/or taxon GCIs.
Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms[GO].
Usage notes: in some organisms such as drosophila, muscles can be single cells. This class groups together all discrete muscle elements, from multicellular muscle organs in vertebrates, to individual single-cell muscles in drisophila
Editor notes: class added for consistency with GO - consider merging with kidney mesenchyme.
An epithelium that is part of a mesonephros [Automatically generated definition].
A bud is a protrusion that forms from an epithelial sheet by localized folding.
A cord of epithelial cells without a lumen and usually several cells thick.
An anatomical structure that is part of the reproductive system.
An epithelial sheet bent on a linear axis.
The anterior or ventral portion of the medulla oblongata is named the pyramid and lies between the anterior median fissure and the antero-lateral sulcus. Its upper end is slightly constricted, and between it and the pons the fibers of the abducent nerve emerge; a little below the pons it becomes enlarged and prominent, and finally tapers into the anterior funiculus of the medulla spinalis, with which, at first sight, it appears to be directly continuous[WP].
A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part.
AO notes: we go with the FMA classification rather than the CARO one. FMA def: "Anatomical cluster which has as direct parts cell parts from two or more cells."
An organ that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition].
An organ that is part of a abdominal segment of trunk.
An organ that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition].
A structure that is involved in tooth formation. A bell shape two layer epithelial structure that descends toward the ceratobranchial 5 bone, enclosing the dental mesenchyme. At later times in tooth development the cells at the apex of the bell may be involved in enameloid formation. This structure remains at the base of the erupted tooth and is the source of replacement teeth.[TAO]
Editor notes: some sources treat the dental organ as epithelium - we treat it as the mereological sum of dentail epithelium plus dental papilla (consistent with treatment in many AOs), but this may be revised.Development notes: NOT develeops_from NC[UBERONREF:0000002]. Alternate definitioon: A cellular aggregation seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies above a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called the odontogenic papilla. Historically, enamel organ has been the term to describe this structure, but it was attempted unsuccessfully in recent years to change the name to dental organ in order to better represent its multiple functions apart from enamel formation[WP]
An organ that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition].
An organ that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition].
An organ that is part of the pelvic region[Automatically generated definition].
An organ that is part of a thoracic segment of trunk.
Portion of primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing head, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to head connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with cranial neural crest cells.
Mesoderm that will give rise, along with cranial neural crest cells, to connective tissue, bone and musculature in the head. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]
Mesenchyme that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition].
Mesenchyme that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].
Mesenchyme that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition].
a set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord[WP].
todo - resolve space vs structure conflation. We follow FMA in making this and the various ventricles a structure - it follows from this that strutures such as the tela choroidea and choroid plexuses can be part of the ventricles and ventricular system. Note: see also the class 'neuraxis cavity'
ventricular system of central nervous system
A structure found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain, consisting of part of the meninges (pia mater in mammals) plus ependyma[cjm].
Portion of tissue that is part of the primitive meninx which forms a fold, roofing a ventricle of the brain and supporting the choroid plexus[ZFA:0000447].
Vascularized tela choroidea is choroid plexus. AO notes: Note that the structure in ZFA may be different.
A vasculature that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition].
The posterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain composed of the medulla oblongata and a portion of the fourth ventricle; as well as the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X), accessory nerve (CN XI), hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).[BTO,WP].
The posterior of the two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo, it comprises the medulla oblongata. [TFD][VHOG]
the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds - Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. Note that its not clear if this refers to the developing medulla oblongata - MA (adult) has two distinct classes
A portion of tissue that is part of an embryo.
Portion of tissue that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo.
TODO - check developmental relationships. merge with urogenital ridge?
Cordlike masses of epithelial tissue that invaginate from germinal epithelium of the gonad and give rise to seminiferous tubules and rete testes in the male, and primary ovarian follicles and rete ovarii in the female.
structures that develop from sex cords in the female. After further development they become the ovarian follicles.
TODO check secondary vs cortical vs ovary
The testis cords are precursors to the rete testis. They play several different roles in the development of the male genitals[WP].
The mammary placode is a transient lens shaped structure that will give rise to the mammary bud proper[GO].
An pulmonary artery endothelium is an epithelium that lines the pulmonary artery[GO].
Mammary gland buds form by an outpocketing of the mammary placodes and grow to invade the mammary fat, when they form the mammary cord[GO]. produced along the length of the embryonic mammary ridge these buds represent the future locations of the mammary glands. Invagination of ectoderm at each bud leads to the development of epithelial diverticula, later maturing as lactiferous ducts[TFD].
the outer neural tube region in which post-mitotic neuroblasts migrate along radial glia to form the adult cortical layers[MP].
The cord-like structure in males comprising the vas deferens and associated tissue that runs from the abdomen down to each testis[MP].
region of wall of ventricular system of neuraxis
Olfactory apparatus on the lower surface of the frontal lobe of the brain. It consists of the olfactory bulb, tract, and trigone[BTO].
Part of the telencephalon, comprised of paired anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits. In Xenopus,the olfactory bulbs begin to fuse at NF stage 50, fusion is complete around NF stage 58. The cerebral vein loops around the olfactory bulb by NF stage 43[XAO:0004180].
(In mammals) Odorant detection is mediated by millions of olfactory sensory neurons located in the olfactory epithelium lining the nasal cavity. These neurons transmit sensory signals to the olfactory bulb of the brain, which in turn sends signals to the olfactory cortex.[well established][VHOG]
An array of photoreceptors and any supporting cells found in an eye.
transparent structure that is part of a visual sense organ, the function of which is to direct or focus light onto a photoreceptor array
A sex gland that is part of a female reproductive system.
A sex gland that is part of a male reproductive system.
Brain region located around or in relation to the ventricular system that is highly vascularized and distinguished by the lack of a blood brain barrier.
AO notes: MA subdivides into sensory and secretory
All metazoans (with degenerate exceptions) have some sort of digestive cavity with a means of entrance to and exit from it.[well established][VHOG]
note that many anatomy ontologies consider this synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class. We have one entity that is part of both gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary systems: hepatopancreatic ampulla
A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb.
The bilateral thickening of the ectoderm in the region of the first noticeable at NF stage 47, and innervated by NF stage 51. The hind limb buds develop before the forelimb buds.[AAO]
Genes: Tbx4 specifies hindlimbs. Wnt8c restricts Fgf10 in chick.
A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb or pelvic fin.
Fin bud that develops into the pelvic fin.[TAO]
at this time we have no need to name a more specific 'pelvic fin bud' class, but we may in future
Portion of tissue that is the inner layer of the optic cup and will become the neural retina.
Portion of tissue that gives rise to the lens.
A vesicle formed from the lens pit of the embryo, developing into the crystalline lens. [TFD][VHOG]
Development notes: the lens of zebrafish (and other teleosts) forms from delamination of cells from the lens placode; thus, there is no formation of a hollow lens vesicle, in contrast to the situation in mammals and birds (Glass and Dahm, 2004) [PMID:16496288] The lens of the zebrafish forms by delamination of lens placodal cells and not through invagination. This results in a solid spherical mass as opposed to a hollow lens vesicle. Detachment of the solid lens vesicle of zebrafish at 24b26 hpf is accomplished in part by apoptosis, similar to mammals[ZFA]
Portion of tissue that is part of the eye and gives rise to the mature, fully layered cornea.
Vagal neural crest is adjacent to the first seven somites gives rise to both ganglionic and ectomesenchymal derivatives[ZFA].
Vagal neural crest is adjacent to the first seven somites gives rise to both ganglionic and ectomesenchymal derivatives.[TAO]
the merged ventral aortae of the embryo which supplies blood to the aortic arches[TMD].
A segment of autopod that is part of a pes.
A longitudinal groove in the neural tube wall of the embryo; stretches from the mesencephalon caudad[TMD].
neural tube lateral wall sulcus limitans
Portion of tissue on the side of the lumen of the neural tube.
In the early gastrula of vertebrates, factors from the organizer (e.g. noggin, chordin, and follistatin in Xenopus) antagonize the epidermalizing factor bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), thus dividing the epiblast into neuroectoderm. In Drosophila, decapentaplegic, the homologue of BMP4, interacts similarly with the protein short gastrulation, the homologue of chordin. Thus, a comparable molecular mechanism for distinguishing non-neural ectoderm from neural ectoderm was probably present in the common ancestor of all bilaterally symmetrical animals.[well established][VHOG]
Development notes: After gastrulation, neural crest cells are specified at the border of the neural plate and the non-neural ectoderm. Editor note: todo - epidermis? todo - track down EHDAA2 class in new release // Gene notes: One of the first genes to be expressed in nonneural ectoderm in amphioxus is BMP2/4 (Panopoulou et al. 1998). BMP2/4 homologues appear to have a very ancient role in distinguishing neural from nonneural ectoderm; in Drosophila as well as in amphioxus and vertebrates, BMP2/4 homologues are expressed in nonneural ectoderm and function in distinguishing neural from nonneural ectoderm (Francois & Bier, 1995 ; Sasai et al. 1995 ; Wilson & Hemmati-Brivanlou, 1995; Panopoulou et al. 1998). A change in level of BMP2/4 from very high in nonneural ectoderm to low in neural ectoderm appears to be a key factor in development of neural crest (Baker & Bronner-Fraser,1997a,1997b;Erickson&Reedy,1998;Marchantet al.1998 ;Selleck et al. 1998)
Multi-tissue structure that arises from the heart rudiment and will become the heart tube.
A small outgrowth of the pharyngeal epithelium that is the site of lymphocyte cell production[ZFA]. [PMID].
A small outgrowth of the pharyngeal epithelium that is the site of lymphocyte cell production. Willett et al, 1999.[TAO]
Editor notes: we follow Kardong table 13.1 in having some developmental contribution of pouch 4 in mammals, but this isn't reflected in EHDAA2. Development notes: Consider adding distinct term for mesenchyme (see EHDAA2), to indicate NC constribution. Taxon notes: variability of developmental origin: In fish, thymic primordia are generated by all the pouches except the first. However, in avians the thymus arises from pouches 3 and 4, whereas in humans it is only generated by the third pouch[PMID:16313389] The thymus arises from the second pouch in frogs, 2-6 in cartilaginous fish, 2-3 in reptiles, 3 or 4 in bony fish, birds and mammals. The final number is variable - 5 paired organs in sharks, 4 in caecilians, 3 in urodeles, 1 in many teleost, anurans and many mammals[ISBN-10:0781714125]
Portion of tissue that gives rise to the immature gonad.
Immature reproductive tissue that has not undergone final maturation into either testis or ovary.[TAO]
Taxon notes: this is a very broad grouping class
A pair of lateral diverticula just over the liver rudiment representing the primordia of the lungs, formed by the floor of the foregut just anterior to the liver diverticulum.
The portion of mesentery attached to the greater curvature of the stomach is named the dorsal mesentery (or dorsal mesogastrium, when referring to the portion at the stomach), and the part which suspends the colon is termed the mesocolon. The dorsal mesogastrium develops into the greater omentum.
The dorsal sheet of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach. The greater omentum develops from the dorsal mesogastrium. [TFD][VHOG]
Any of the arteries that arise from a bifurcation of the aorta supplying the pelvic or abdomen. Examples: Common iliac artery, External iliac artery, Internal iliac artery
Usage notes: this is an extremely loose and flexible grouping class that is the superclass of the mammalian common iliac and its main brahces, together with analagous structures in other tetrapods. AO notes: we place the XAO structure here for now. In terms of analagy, it is more closely related to common iliac, but the relationships currently attached to this class are mammal specific
A study of embryos shows that in all vertebrates six arterial arches link the ventral aorta with a pair of lateral dorsal aortae on each side of the body. The latter unite posteriorly to form a single median dorsal aorta wich takes blood to the body.[well established][VHOG]
Contributes to the arch of aorta in humans[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899609-overview]
the outgrowths of the embryonic maxillary prominences that come together during prenatal development to form the secondary palate
The outgrowths of the embryonic maxillae that come together during prenatal development to form the secondary palate. [TFD][VHOG]
Consider splitting into embryonic/fully formed
Normally regresses in humans[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899609-overview]
a vascular network formed by frequent anastomoses between the blood vessels (arteries or veins) of a part.
In a vascular plexus, the contents of the vessels mix. A plexus allows blood to flow via multiple routes. If one branch of the plexus is obstructed, the blood may flow via the open branches[Wikipedia:Plexus#Circulatory_system].
the amnion and chorion which surround and protect a developing fetus.
todo - merge with extraembryonic membrane?
Intrinsic membrane that arises from embryonic germ layers and grow to surround the developing embryo.
AO notes: EHDAA2 is a mereological sum. Taxon notes: stuctures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes appear in mammals [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"]
A mesoderm that develops_into a pronephros.
Portion of tissue that consists of the mesenchymal precursor to the pronephric kidney and that begins to separate from the intermediate mesoderm at NF stage 21 and epithelializes by NF stage 30.[AAO]
the intermediate mesoderm of the chick embryo acquires its ability to form kidneys through its interactions with the paraxial mesoderm [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology", PMID:10720431 "Signals from trunk paraxial mesoderm induce pronephros formation in chick intermediate mesoderm"]. These interactions induce the expression of TFs including Lim1, Pax2 and Pax6 that cause the intermediate mesoderm to form the kidney
The olfactory system is the sensory system used for olfaction, or the sense of smell. Most mammals and reptiles have two distinct parts to their olfactory system: a main olfactory system and an accessory olfactory system. The main olfactory system detects volatile, airborne substances, while the accessory olfactory system senses fluid-phase stimuli. Behavioral evidence indicates that most often, the stimuli detected by the accessory olfactory system are pheromones. The olfactory system is often spoken of along with the gustatory system as the chemosensory senses because both transduce chemical signals into perception[WP].
The sensory system used for olfaction (the sense of smell).[AAO]
In mammals, the main olfactory system detects odorants that are inhaled through the nose, where they contact the main olfactory epithelium, which contains various olfactory receptors. These olfactory receptors are membrane proteins of bipolar olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium. Rather than binding specific ligands like most receptors, olfactory receptors display affinity for a range of odor molecules. Olfactory neurons transduce receptor activation into electrical signals in neurons. The signals travel along the olfactory nerve, which belongs to the peripheral nervous system. This nerve terminates in the olfactory bulb, which belongs to the central nervous system. The complex set of olfactory receptors on different olfactory neurons can distinguish a new odor from the background environmental odors and determine the concentration of the odor // Editor note: consider splitting into main and accessory. See also: vomeronasal organ // note we make the relationship to nervous system 'overlaps', as the olfactory system includes e.g. apertures in the cranium that are not part of the nervous system
A limb/fin field that develops_into a pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme.
Embryonic region that develops into the pelvic fin bud.[TAO]
pelvic appendage field of lateral plate mesoderm
A limb/fin field that developmentally_contributes_to a paired fin bud.
A ring of cells capable of forming a limb or paired fin[Gilbert,modified].
limb/fin field of lateral plate mesoderm
Editor notes: we represent the field as being a part of the LPM (consistent with ZFA, Gilbert). As a consequence, the relationship between limb bud (with is ectoderm+mesenchyme) stands in a weaker has_developmental_contribution_from relation to the field - TODO implement this.
A ring of cells capable of forming a limb.
the central portion of the limb field gives rise to the limb proper. mesenchyme cells proliferate from from the somatic layer of limb field lateral plate mesoderm (limb skeletal precursors) and from the somites (limb muscle precursors) . these mesenchymal cells accumulate under the ectedermal tissue to make a limb bud. // The lateral plate mesoderm in the limb field is also special in that it will induce myoblasts to migrate out from the somites and enter the limb bud. No other region of the lateral plate mesoderm will do that (Hayashi and Ozawa 1995)
Anatomical space that is an opening in a bone, usually for passage of blood vessels or nerves.
AO notes: in FMA and ZFA this is a conduit space, not a conduit. Note there may be some additional disambiguation required: foramen is used loosely in the sense of any opening (e.g. foramen primum). FMA appears to use cranial conduit (undefined) in the sense of any foramen of the skull (includes mental foramen, which is not in the cranium proper).
the capillary loops of the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit[MP]. ...Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade to make a capillary knot-like outgrowth, the glomerular tuft, which goes on to form the glomerulus[GudMap].
the metanephros develops from the most caudal part of the nephrogenic cord that is itself derived from the intermediate plate mesoderm.
The initial renal anlage that develops from the most rostral part of the nephrogenic cord is termed the pronephros.
The artery in vertebrate embryos that transports blood from the aortic arches to the trunk and limbs. In adult fish it is a major artery that carries oxygenated blood from the efferent branchial arteries to branches that supply the body organ. In adult tetrapods it arises from the systemic arch[BTO]. The dorsal aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once[GO]. Each primitive aorta receives anteriorly a vein 'the vitelline vein' from the yolk-sac, and is prolonged backward on the lateral aspect of the notochord under the name of the dorsal aorta. The dorsal aortae give branches to the yolk-sac, and are continued backward through the body-stalk as the umbilical arteries to the villi of the chorion. The two dorsal aortae combine to become the descending aorta in later development[WP].
Principal unpaired, median artery of the trunk, leading from the paired roots (radices) of the dorsal aorta to the caudal artery. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
Editor notes: This is currently used loosely to refer to cervical, lumbar, etc as well as the metamerically repeated segments, which may correspond more closely with the ZFA neuromere term
A delimited region of dense mesenchyme within looser mesenchyme.
Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes.
AO notes: isa cell condensation in VSAO; has_part chondroblast in AEO
A closely packed aggregation of mesenchymal cells just prior to their differentiation into embryonic cartilage.
The mandibular prominence is an embryological structure which gives rise to the lower portion of the face. The mandible and lower lip derive from it. It is innervated by the mandibular nerve.
Continuous with the dorsal end of the mandibular arch, and growing forward from its cephalic border, is a triangular process, the maxillary process (or maxillary prominence), the ventral extremity of which is separated from the mandibular arch by a '>' shaped notch. The maxillary process forms the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and in it are ossified the zygomatic bone and the greater part of the maxilla; it meets with the lateral nasal process, from which, however, it is separated for a time by a groove, the naso-optic furrow, that extends from the furrow encircling the eyeball to the olfactory pit. The maxillary processes ultimately fuse with the lateral nasal and globular processes, and form the lateral parts of the upper lip and the posterior boundaries of the nares. It is innervated by the maxillary nerve.
An indentation of the olfactory placode which ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx[GO].
By the upgrowth of the surrounding parts the olfactory areas are converted into pits, the nasal pits or olfactory pits, which indent the fronto-nasal process and divide it into a medial and two lateral nasal processes[Wikipedia:Nasal_pit].
we represent the relationship as develops from, though in fact the pit is formed as an indentation in the placode
A genital tubercle is a body of tissue present in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It forms in the ventral, caudal region of mammalian embryos of both sexes, and eventually develops into a phallus. In the human fetus the genital tubercle develops around week 4 of gestation, and by week 9 becomes recognizably either a clitoris or penis. This should not be confused with the sinus tubercle which is a proliferation of endoderm induced by paramesonephic ducts. Even after the phallus is developed, the term genital tubercle remains, but only as the terminal end of it[2], which develops into either the glans penis or the glans clitoridis. The genital tubercle is sensitive to dihydrotestosterone and rich in 5-alpha-reductase, so that the amount of fetal testosterone present after the second month is a major determinant of phallus size at birth.[WP].
The eminence in the embryo which develops into the clitoris or penis. [TFD][VHOG]
embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin; GT development is indistinguishable in male and female mouse embryos until ~E16, when the urethral plate begins to be masculinized to form the penile urethra, marking the beginning of an androgen-dependent phase of sexual differentiation[MP]
In mammalian embryos, male and female external genitalia develop from the genital tubercle.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: todo - add taxon constraints. AO notes: we assume the EMAPA class is the undifferentiated form based on TS timings
encompasses digits and prepollex. requires review
the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses.
TODO - expand subtypes post EHDAA2-revision, check lateral wall
The epithelial lining of the surface of the coelom.
AO notes: EHDAA2:0004049 used to be called "coelomic epithelium" but is now "gonadal ridge mesothelium"
A bone that is part of the region of the hindlimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. Counter-examples: any pes phalanx
A duct that is part of a male reproductive system.
groups the individual ducts in a variety of species
Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa.[FMA]
Serous sac, which has as parts the conjunctiva and the cavity of conjunctiva. Examples: There are only two conjunctival sacs, the right and the left.[FMA]
Multilaminar epithelium, which of consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells, in contact with a basement membrane, that can undergo distention and contraction without losing its integrity and consistency. Examples: urothelium.[FMA]
Epithelium that derives from the endoderm. Examples: urothelium, transitional epithelium of ureter, epithelium of prostatic gland.[FMA]
Subdivision of skeleton which consists of cranial skeleton, set of all vertebrae, set of all ribs and sternum[FMA, modified].
Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including the cranium, vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum.[VSAO]
any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain[MP]
A sheet of somatopleure that grows upward over the embryo and eventually meets in the midline enclosing the embryo, eventually giving rise to the amnion and chorion[Kardong].
any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation
A collection of two or more connected limb segments. Examples: arm (comprising stylopod and zeugopod regions).
Rhombic lips are a posterior section of the developing metencephalon within an embryo. They extend posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cells and contain cerebellar precursor cells, among others
The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roofplate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain.[TAO]
dorsal part of alar plate of metencephalon
the membrane that covers the embryonic cloaca, formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm; the urorectal septum joins the cloacal membrane and divides it into an anal membrane and a urogenital membrane; the point where the urorectal septum intersects the cloacal membrane is the future site of the perineal body; proliferation of mesoderm and ectoderm around the cloacal membrane produces primordial tissues of the external genitalia in both sexes: the genital tubercle, genital folds, and genital swellings.
A membrane that separates the proctodeum and the hindgut in the early embryo. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.497, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]
In mammals, the cloaca exists as an embryonic structure that undergoes septation to become distinct urethral, anal, and genital orifices.[well established][VHOG]
A multi-tissue structure that develops_into a diencephalon.
A differentiated genital tubercle that is part of a female reproductive system.
An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a foregut and adjacent_to a midgut.
Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[well established][VHOG]
Usage notes: this class is restricted to neural-tube derived brains
TODO. Add relationships to neural plate (both ZFA and EMAPA time this with the neural plate)
The floor of the third ventricle is prolonged downward as a funnel-shaped recess, the infundibular recess, into the infundibulum, and to the apex of the latter the hypophysis or pititary is attached
Editor note: in FMA this is a cavity, whereas in EHDAA2 it is an epithelial sac
Primordium of the tongue; the median swelling and the distal and proximal swellings arise from the ventral aspect of the stomodeum. [TFD][VHOG]
the collection consisting of the two lateral swellings and the medial swelling
A differentiated genital tubercle that is part of a male reproductive system.
The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord.
The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord. [Carson_JL, Dehart_DB, Developmental_Dynamics_(1994)_201:_260-278, Gesteland_K_and_Schoenwolf_GC, Inagaki_T, Morphogenesis_of_the_murine_node_and_notochordal_plate, The_prechordal_plate, Vrablic_T, see_Mueller_F_and_O'Rahilly_R, the_rostral_end_of_the_notochord_and_nearby_median_features_in_staged_human_embryos._Cells_Tissues_Organs_(2003)_173:_1-20_and_Sulik_K][VHOG]
TODO - check ordering; awaiting confirmation from JB
a midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot
The notochordal process grows cranially until it reaches the prechordal plate, the future site of the mouth. In this area the ectoderm is attached directly to the endoderm without intervening mesoderm. This area is known as the oropharyngeal membrane, and it will break down to become the mouth. At the other end of the primitive streak the ectoderm is also fused directly to the endoderm; this is known as the cloacal membrane (proctodeum), or primordial anus.
A dense syncitial-like mesenchymal thickening in the dorsal mesogastrium[ISBN]. the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing spleen[MP].
AO notes: check difference between splenic and spleen in EMAPA; note that in EHDAA2 the class 'spleen' refers to the mesenchyme
Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not.
The fluid portion of the semen, in which the spermatozoa are suspended[BTO].
Usage notes: we follow FMA and make this class a generic superclass of the secretions of different glands (prostate, bulbo-urethreal, seminal vesicle). MA (and ncit) follows a mixture model, where these secretions are part of the seminal fluid // Taxon notes: This term covers a variety of species. Example: In D. melanogaster, seminal fluid proteins affect female receptivity, ovulation, oogenesis, sperm storage, sperm competition and mating plug formation [doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00961.x]. Note that ths intology contains a number of subtypes of seminal fluid, defined according to glands (which are more taxonomically restricted)
A portion of organism substance that secreted_by a mammary gland.
A tube in the kidney that collect and transport urine.
in ZFA this is defined as part of mesonephros
An anatomical structure that is part of a excretory system.
editor note: note that we do not explicitly exclude entities such as WBbt:0005777 (excretory duct) here, but they will be automatically classified under this class after reasoning
A tube that is part of a excretory system.
AO notes: in FMA this is part of the cardiovascular system, but here we treat the CV system as a separate component of the circulatory system from the lymphatic system
The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO].
A portion of the respiratory and digestive tracts; its distal limit is the superior part of the esophagus and it connects the nasal and oral cavities with the esophagus and larynx; it contains the valleculae and the pyriform recesses; its upper limits are the nasal cavity and cranial base.[FEED]
Taxon notes: This is a dubious grouping class that collects structures as diverse as the chordate pharynx (which is a subclass - UBERON:0001042) and the nematode pharynx. This portion of the ontology should be revised, but this should be done in sync with GO, from which this grouping arises
A nucleus of brain that is part of a diencephalon.
Editors note: requires review. ZFA def: Presumptive structure at the animal poll of the blastula that will develop into ectoderm via the epiblast. Determined by fate mapping
Erectile tissue at the end of the clitoris, which is continuous with the intermediate part of the vestibulovaginal bulbs[BTO]. The clitoral glans (glans clitoridis) is an external portion of the clitoris[WP].
A region of muscle in many organs in the vertebrate body, adjacent to the submucosa membrane. It is responsible for gut movement such as peristalsis.
An outer layer of smooth muscle surrounding a hollow or tubular organ as the bladder, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine, stomach, ureter, uterus, and vagina that often consists of an inner layer of circular fibers serving to narrow the lumen of the organ and an outer layer of longitudinal fibers serving to shorten its length[BTO].
AO notes: NCITA class appears to be defined more generally
A the thin layer of smooth muscle found in most parts of the gastrointestinal tract, located outside the lamina propria mucosae and separating it from the submucosa[WP].
The third segment of the limb, including either the wrist segment (carpus) or the ankle segment (tarsus)
The collection of all skeletal elements in an autopodium region.
Distal section of the limb skeleton, consisting of the anterior autopodium or posterior autopodium.[VSAO]
During the third week of embryological development there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line. The site of their meeting remains post-embryonically as the median sulcus of the tongue. The tuberculum impar is said to form the central part of the tongue immediately in front of the foramen cecum, but Hammar insists that it is purely a transitory structure and forms no part of the adult tongue[WP, Gray's].
The thyroid initially develops caudal to the tuberculum impar . This embryonic swelling arises from the first pharyngeal arch and occurs midline on the floor of the developing pharynx, eventually helping form the tongue as the 2 lateral lingual swellings overgrow it. [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview]
During the third week there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings (or distal tongue bud) which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line.
Editor notes: consider splitting epithelium from epithelial tissue
Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface.
Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, whiVSAO forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface.[CARO]
Structural framework that provides support to the nasal sacs and ducts.
Anatomical line that delineates a furrow or depression in an organ or tissue.
A region of nephron tubule that is part of a cortex of kidney.
This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells[GO]
Editor notes: keep this grouping class so long as it is required for GO
Usage notes: this class is the superclass of 'rectum', which is currently reserved for the vertebrate structure. May be merged in future.
An autopod plate that develops_into a pes.
AO notes: EHDAA2 does not have a single class for footplate, but includes epithelium, mesenchyme and AER
An anatomical space that surrounded_by a digestive tract.
an epithelium characterised by its most superficial layer consisting of squamous epithelial cells.
consider FBbt:00007028 (squamous epithelium) A type of epithelium that is made up of flattened cells which are arranged with their long axes in the plane of the epithelium
Multilaminar epithelium which consists of more than one layer of squamous cells only one layer of which is in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, epithelium of wall of esophagus.[FMA]
A glandular epithelium that lines the stomach. The stomach's glandular epithelium is characterized by the presence of gastric glands.
Editor notes: we follow Kardong in treating the glandular epithelium as a distinct entity, and thus as an epithelium which has glands; FMA has 'epithelium of gastric gland', which is part of the gastric gland. Consider also: stomach glandular region as a part-of parent
A gland, such as the liver or pancreas, that secretes into the alimentary canal substances necessary for digestion.
Simple columnar epithelium that constitutes the secretory part of a gland. Examples: epithelium of stomach, luminal epithelium of lactiferous duct.[FMA]
A mucosa of stomach that is part of a stomach glandular region.
The efferent ducts (or efferent ductules or ductuli efferentes) connect the rete testis with the initial section of the epididymis. The ductuli are unilaminar and composed of columnar ciliated and non-ciliated (absorptive) cells. The ciliated cells serve to stir the luminal fluids, possibly to help ensure homogeneous absorption of water from the fluid produced by the testis, which results in an increase in the concentration of luminal sperm. The epithelium is surrounded by a band of smooth muscle that helps to propel the sperm toward the epididymis.
Any of a group ranging from one to twelve (varies in species) small seminal ducts per testis which transport sperm from the testes to the kidney.[AAO]
AO notes: Check EMAPA. Taxon notes: There are two basic designs for efferent ductule structure: a) multiple entries into the epididymis, as seen in most large mammals. In humans and other large mammals, there are approximately 15-20 efferent ducts, which also occupy nearly one third of the head of the epididymis. b) single entry, as seen in most small animals such as rodents, whereby the 3-6 ductules merge into a single small ductule prior to entering the epididymis
A duct or series of ducts that transports sperm from the gonad. In mammals this is from the seminiferous tubules through rete testis, vas efferentia, epididymis, vas deferens, ejeculatory duct to the urethra.
Taxon notes: we use this as a generic grouping class for a number of taxa. AO notes: in FMA includes as parts: seminal vesicle, efferent ductule (vas efferentia), epididymis, deferent duct (vas deferens), ejaculatory duct
The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis[GO]. The vascular cord is composed of angioblast or vascular endothelial cells in a solid linear mass called a cord. The cord then undergoes tubulogenesis to form the lumen of the vessels[ZFA].
the splanchnic mesoderm in the cardiogenic region where the heart develops; it gives rise to endocardial heart tubes that fuse to form the primordial cardiac tube, the heart primordium[web]. Two migratory heart primordia that move ventrally during the course of neurulation, and then fuse[XAO].
The endodermal cells generate only the lining of the digestive tube and its glands; mesodermal mesenchyme cells will surround this tube to provide the muscles for peristalsis[NBK10107]
A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood[GO].
editor note: we need to find the appropriate GO process to use for the definition - 'blood circulation' may not apply to invertebrates; 'circulatory system process' is circular. Note we cannot use a part_of-based definition as this results in the iris and all vascular elements being categorized as circulatory organs. Taxon notes: note we reserve the subclass 'heart' from the vertebrate multi-chambered heart. "The first heart-like organ is believed to have appeared 500my ago in an ancestral bilaterian". Amniotes: four-chambered heart. Amphibians: two atria, one ventricle, pulmonary; fish: single atrium and ventricle; amphioxus: tubular, non-striated, closed, unidirectional; ascidians: tubular, striated, open, bidirectional; arthropods: tubular, open; C elegans: contractile pharynx; Cnideria: striated muscle cells associated with gastrodermis. Gene notes: Bmp, Nkx, Gata
The second pouch between the second and third arches. Contributes to the middle ear, epithelial lining of Crypts (spaces) of the palatine tonsils, supplied by the facial nerve[WP]
A pouch that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]
Second of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]
An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section.
An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
the structure from the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles that forms the airways that supply air to the lungs. The lining of the tracheobronchial tree consists of ciliated columnar epithelial cells.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a cranial neural crest.
head mesenchyme from cranial neural crest
mesenchyme derived from head neural crest
Editors note: relationship to Meckel's cartilage to be added
Editors note: relationship to palatoquadrate to be added
The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic appendage region.
The rhombencephalon (or hindbrain) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. The rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. In the human embryo eight rhombomeres can be distinguished, from caudal to rostral: Rh7-Rh1 and the isthmus (the most rostral rhombomere). A rare disease of the rhombencephalon, "rhombencephalosynapsis" is characterized by a missing vermis resulting in a fused cerebellum. Patients generally present with cerebellar ataxia. The caudal rhombencephalon has been generally considered as the initiation site for neural tube closure.
The embryonic rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. Rhombomeres Rh7-Rh4 form the myelencephalon that will give the medulla oblongata. Rhombomeres Rh3-Rh1 form the metencephalon that will form the pons and the cerebellum[NPX:PDR].
A presumptive structure that develops_into a presomitic mesoderm.
A presumptive structure that develops_into a neural plate.
Region of the gastrula which gives rise to the neural plate.[TAO]
A presumptive structure that develops_into a paraxial mesoderm.
A presumptive structure that develops_into a floor plate.
A presumptive structure that develops_into a pronephric mesoderm.
A vasculature that is part of a chordate pharynx.
A multi-tissue structure consisting of bone and soft tissue that forms a part of the roof of the oral cavity. In mammals this is the combination of the primary palate (premaxilla) and the secondary palate. In early tetrapods it consists of the vomer, pterygoid, parasphenoid, palatine and ectopterygoid bones.
Editor notes: check subclasses to verify if they refer to a multi-tissue structure or a subdivision of the skeleton
The epidermis is the entire outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species[GO]. The epidermis of a more complex invertebrate is just one-layer deep, and may be protected by a non-cellular cuticle. The epidermis of a higher vertebrate has many layers, and the outer layers are reinforced with keratin and then die[WP].
Editor's note: this grouping class exists primarily to align with GO - see GO:0008544.
Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Originallu this tissue is one cell layer thick but in most vertebrates it soon becomes a two layered structure. The outer layer gives rise to the periderm.
Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Sometimes used synonymously with periderm. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]
relationship loss: develops_from superficial blastomere (TAO:0001484)[TAO]
A domain of columnar epithelium in an embryo that represents the early stage of the development of the epithelial component of a new anatomical structure.
Consider merging with ectodermal placode? In EHDAA2 this includes lens, nasal, otic epibranchial and trigeminal placodes
An epithelial tube that is open at one end only.
An epithelial tube open at both ends that allows fluid flow.
Mesenchyme with little extracellular matrix.
Editors note: this class will be an important part of the NC reorganization
Simple columnar epithelium in which the luminal side of the cells bears cilia. Examples: epithelium of trachea, epithelium of uterine tube.[FMA]
Epithelium bearing vibratile cilia on the free surface.
A thin, loose vascular connective tissue that makes up the membranes surrounding joints and the sheaths protecting tendons (particularly flexor tendons in the hands and feet) where they pass over bony prominences. Synovial tissue contains synovial cells, which secrete a viscous liquid called synovial fluid; this liquid contains protein and hyaluronic acid and serves as a lubricant and nutrient for the joint cartilage surfaces[BTO]. Synovial tissue can be found in tendons (tissues that connect muscle to bone), bursae (fluid-filled, cushioning sacs found in spaces between tendons, ligaments, and bones), and the cavity (hollow enclosed area) that separates the bones of a freely movable joint, such as the knee or elbow[BTO].
An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a synovial joint.
cavitas articularis (junctura synovialis)
Anatomical structure in which parts of two or more anatomical structures establish physical continuity with one another or intermingle their component parts. Examples: gastroesophageal junction, line alba, knee joint.[FMA]
functional unit of the kidney that forms urine, consisting of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule.
note - consider moving MA:0000377 renal tubule here, as it includes the various segments (proximal etc) as subclasses, not parts
region of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop.
endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor[MP]. The thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It grows from the floor of the pharnyx[WP].
saccus thyroideus; diverticulum thyroideum
relation conflict: ZFA vs EHDAA2. Note EHDAA2 term renamed to 'early PA endoderm'
A nucleus of brain that is part of a thalamus.
todo - consider splitting nucleus and complex
Editor notes: we place the NIF class here because it is part of the brain
Body substance in liquid state, which is derived from plasma by passage through the (intact) wall of capillaries without further processing by secretory cells or glands.
in both MA and BTO, the arterial system and venous sytem are subtypes of the vascular system
A bridge of mesoderm connecting the caudal end of the young embryo with the trophoblastic tissues; the precursor of the umbilical cord.
todo - this is currently defined as a bridge of mesoderm, but in EHDAA2 is extraembryonic structure split into mesoderm and blood vessels
The anteriormost subdivision of the body that includes the head and the neck (if present). In vertebrates this is the subdivision that includes the cervical vertebrae.
An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc).
An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There are only two instances of appendage girdle regions per organism.[VSAO]
Note that this encompasses non-skeletal tissue
A double layer composed of peritoneum that attaches the visceral organs to the body wall.
A bone that is part of a appendage girdle region.
A bone element or fused bone that is part of pelvic girdle.
typically the ilium, ischium and pubis. These can alternately be considered individual bones, or zones of a single fused bone. Editor note: check sacrum, coccyx (MA does NOT include these)
A subdivision of a limb or fin skeleton consisting of bones which connects the upper limb or fin to the axial skeleton on each side. It consists of the clavicle and scapula in humans and, in those species with three bones in the pectoral girdle, the coracoid. Some mammalian species (e.g. the dog and the horse) have only the scapula. In humans, the only joints between the shoulder girdle and axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side. No joint exists between each scapula and the rib cage; instead the muscular connection between the two permits relatively great mobility of the shoulder girdle in relation to the pelvic girdle. In those species having only the scapula, no joint exists between the forelimb and the thorax, the only attachment being muscular[WP]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pectoral girdle skeletons.
Anatomical cluster of paired dermal and endochondral bones that attaches to the dorso-posterior part of the cranium, and support the radials and pectoral fin. It consists of two components: the primary pectoral girdle consisting of the endochondral coracoid, scapula and mesocoracoid bones, and the secondary pectoral girdle consisting of the dermal posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and poscleithrum(thra) bones.[TAO]
Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the forelimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for forelimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO]
Skeletal structure immediately behind the head attached to the vertebral column by muscles and supporting the forelimbs.[AAO]
The pectoral girdle is clearly of dual origin, composed of dermal as well as endochondral bones. The endochondral component, the scapulocoracoid, evolved by fusion or enlargment of several basal fin elements. (...) The dermal component of the shoulder girdle evolved from dermal bones of the body's surface. (...) Like endochondral bones, these dermal bones were passed along to tetrapods (...).[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pectoral girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically.
Skeletal subdivision consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb zeugopodium and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb and caudal musculature.
Anatomical cluster by which the hind limbs are supported and attached to the vertebral column.[AAO]
Anatomical cluster that consists of the paired basipterygia which support the pelvic fin.[TAO]
Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO]
AO notes: Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pelvic girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically. We place the EHDAA2 class here, note that this includes the pre-cartilage condensation as parts. Editor notes: need to resolve whether this is a paired structure or a single belt (Paired in FMA - implicitly paired in VSAO)
Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification.
Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification.[VSAO]
Intramembranous bone that forms deep in the organism.[TAO]
Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient.
AO notes: TAO still mixes tissue and element
Connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts, the intercellular matrix of which contains a regular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: bone (tissue), cartilage (tissue), dense regular connective tissue.
Editor notes: the connective tissue hierarchy largely follows FMA with definitions from VSAO. Note that in FMA, loose-CT is irregular-CT. This means regular-CT is necessarily equivalent to dense-regular-CT (assuming a JEPD classification).
Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts)[VSAO]
Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts).[VSAO]
Regular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which consists predominantly of collagen fiber bundles arranged in parallel arrays.[FMA]
dense regular collagenous connective tissue
typus regularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus)
A bone that is part of a craniocervical region.
The irregular bones are bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone. Irregular bones serve various purposes in the body, such as protection of nervous tissue, affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as with the sacrum), and maintaining pharynx and trachea support, and tongue attachment (such as the hyoid bone). They consist of cancellous tissue enclosed within a thin layer of compact bone. The irregular bones are: the vertebrC&, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid.
A skeletal joint that is part of a appendage girdle region.
a bone that is hollow or contains many air cells, such as the mastoid process of the temporal bone[TMD]. Skeletal pneumaticity is the presence of air spaces within bones. Skeletal pneumaticity exists only in synapsids and archosaurs. It is generally produced during development by excavation of bone by pneumatic diverticula (air sacs) from an air-filled space such as the lungs or nasal cavity. Pneumatization is highly variable between individuals, and bones not normally pneumatized can become pneumatized in pathological development. Pneumatization occurs in the skulls of mammals, crocodilians and birds among extant groups, as well as extinct archosaurs including the dinosaurs and pterosaurs. Pneumatic spaces include the paranasal sinuses and some of the mastoid cells[WP].
editor note: subclasses of this should be checked for taxonomic consistency
in MA, this includes the femur. i.e. pelvic girdle bone or femur; note that this makes the ilium etc in MA hindlimb bones. in MA this is a hindlimb bone
Subdivision of thorax, which in humans is the posterior part of the thorax and is demarcated from the chest by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage and the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column; together with the chest, it constitutes the thorax.
The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the root of a tooth, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone. It extends from the base of the gingival mucosa to the fundus of the bony socket, and its main function is to hold the tooth in its socket[BTO].
The collagen fibers, running from the cementum to the alveolar bone, that suspend a tooth in its socket; they include apical, oblique, horizontal, and alveolar crest fibers, indicating that the orientation of the fibers varies at different levels[http://www.drugs.com/dict/desmodentium.html].
The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the root of a tooth, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone. It extends from the base of the gingival mucosa to the fundus of the bony socket, and its main function is to hold the tooth in its socket[BTO]. It consist of cells, extracellular compartment of fibers. The cells are fibroblast, epithelial, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, bone and cementum cells. The extracellular compartment consists of collagen fibers bundles embedded in ground substance. The PDL substance has been estimated to be 70% water and is thought to have a significant effect on the tooth's ability to withstand stress loads[WP][BTO:0001020, Wikipedia:Periodontal_fiber, http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/tracker/21].
AO notes: FMA treats periodontium and periodontal ligament as the same; it has a separate class desmodentium, which we place here even though it is classified as fetal in FMA
A bandlike thickening of ectoderm in the embryo extending from just below the axilla to the inguinal region and giving rise to the mammary glands[Stedmans]. One of two parallel lines, formed by thickenings of the epidermis (the mammary ridge) along the ventral surface of mammals of both sexes. They extend from the upper limbs (arms) to the lower limbs (legs) and are developed in the embryo. They give rise to the mammary glands and nipples but are otherwise usually not visible in the adult. The first manifestation of the mammary gland in many mammals is an elevated ridge or milk line, which then fragments into individual buds in specific regions lateral of the dorsal midline. These buds are either located in the thoracic region in primates, in the inguinal area in ungulates or along the entire length of the trunk in rodents and pigs. In humans, milk lines appear in the seventh week of embryonic development. After initial development of the milk lines they go into remission. Nipples develop on the milk lines of mammals. Most humans have two nipples, but in some cases more than two will develop. In most cases, these 'third nipples'—and sometimes fourth nipple—grow along the milk line[WP].
An epiblast (generic) that develops_from a inner cell mass.
A limb segment that is part of a hindlimb.
an external organ of a male organism that is specialized to deliver sperm during copulation. Intromittent organs are found most often in terrestrial species, as most aquatic species fertilize their eggs externally, although there are exceptions[WP].
Surface structure that is an external structure of a male organism through which sperm is transferred to a female organism during mating.[TAO]
this is a broad grouping class connecting a number of different analagous organs by their function. We place the insect aedeagus here rather than penis, although this is somewhat arbitrary given the broadness of the current definition
A transient embryonic complex that is specific to vertebrates. It comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming: the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear.
The first morphological sign of the embryonic liver is the formation of the hepatic diverticulum, an out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart. The anterior portion of the hepatic diverticulum gives rise to the liver and intrahepatic biliary tree, while the posterior portion forms the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile duct.
Ligament organ that primarily consists of regular dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi; connects bone and cartilage organs. Examples: sutural ligament, ligament of pinna, tarsal ligament.
Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ.[VSAO]
Editor notes: logical definition deliberately made strict to avoid classifying MA:spiral ligament as both nonskeletal and skeletal. see https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=1205376
the short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter
the gastric glands in the pyloric region of the stomach; the pyloric glands secrete mucin, which coats the stomach and protects it, and hormones such as gastrin and enkephalin[MP].
Editors note: check relationship to pylorus vs antrum
The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all pulmonary arteries and all pulmonary veins.
Subdivision of cardiovascular system which has as its parts the pulmonary arterial and venous tree organs.[FMA]
Subdivision of endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches.[TAO]
Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid, and branchial arches.[AAO]
The part of the skull derived from the embryonic pharyngeal arches. [Biology_Online][VHOG]
The skull of ancestral tetrapods has the three basic components that we have been considering: (1) chondrocranium, (2) splanchnocranium, and (3) dermatocranium (reference 1); Each part of the skull arises from a separate phylogenetic source. The most ancient part is the splanchnocranium (visceral cranium), which first arose to support pharyngeal slits in protochordates (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]
AO notes: VSAO labels this term 'pharyngeal arch' (2012-06-01) - however, it clearly means pharyngeal arch skeleton. Editor/AO notes: many sources define this as the part of the endoskeletal that is from pharyngeal arches - this would make it part-disjoint from dermatocranium. However, there are many bones in AOs that have part-paths to both
An external projection of an aquatic animal as a fish used in propelling or guiding the body[BTO].
Surface structure involved in locomotion.[TAO]
Surface structure involved in locomotion.[VSAO]
This class groups together various structures that may have arisen through convergent evolution, including, for example, the dorsal fin of a cetacean
Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm[VSAO].
Intramembranous bone that forms superficially in the organism.[TAO]
Note that other AOs are not yet in sync with this classification
The dental follicle is a sac containing the developing tooth and its odontogenic organ. The dental follicle (DF) differentiates into the periodontal ligament. In addition, it may be the precursor of other cells of the periodontium, including osteoblasts, cementoblasts and fibroblasts. They develop into the alveolar bone, the cementum with Sharpey's fibers and the periodontal ligament fibers respectively.
The functional tissue of the kidney, consisting of the nephrons.
An organ part that is part of a stomach.
A gonad prior to differentiating into a definitive testis or ovary.
typically part of the embryo - however, in male tammar wallabies the gonads are indifferent at the neonatal stage[8827321]
The adenohypophyseal placode forms the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and gives rise to the endocrine secretory cells of the pituitary
Editor notes: consider adding more detailed spatial placement - e.g. oral ectoderm and/or rostal ectoderm. Addtional notes: Fate-mapping studies in amphibian, chick and mouse embryos (Eagleson et al., 1986; 1995; Couly and Le Douarin, 1985; Cobos et al., 2001; Osumi-Yamachita et al., 1994; Kawamura et al., 2002) have shown that the cells contributing to the adenohypophysis develop at the midline of the anterior neural ridge, which delineates the rostral boundary of the neural plate, a region devoid of neural crest. The anterior neural ridge also gives rise to the olfactory placodes and some forebrain tissues including the olfactory bulbs (reviewed in Papalopulu, 1995). Ablation of this region in chick embryos at the 2-4 somite stage confirmed these lineage analyses as it prevented formation of Rathke’s pouch and any further pituitary development (elAmraoui and Dubois, 1993). Upon head folding, the oral ectoderm cells of the adenohypophyseal placode invaginate towards the prospective ventral diencephalon to form Rathke’s pouch, the anlage of the adenohypophysis. Rathke’s pouch starts as an invagination of the oral ectoderm in response to inductive signals from the prospective diencephalon. The region of the diencephalon above the pouch is known as the infundibulum and forms the posterior lobe of the pituitary or neurohypohysis (Figure 3). While in most basal fish and tetrapods the adenohypophyseal anlagen invaginates to form Rathke’s pouch, in teleost fish the adenohypophyseal placode does not invaginate but rather maintains its initial organization forming a solid structure in the head (reviewed in Pogoda and Hammerschmidt; 2009)
A vein that is part of a craniocervical region.
consider adding new class (EMAPA:16097) for mesenchyme of embryo (some mesenchyme is extraembryonic - e.g. amnion mesoderm)
A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney[GO].
medial or lateral; in EHDAA2 also frontonasal or intermaxillary
A portion of mesenchymal tissue associated with an individual pharyngeal arch.
Editor notes: this represents a part of the entire arch mesenchyme (UBERON:0010046), and is therefore a superclass of the individual arch mesenchyme classes. Alternate definition: primordial embryonic connective tissue associated with the branchial arches, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to facial and cranial nerve-associated structures. [MP:0011262]
An epithelium that is part of a foregut-midgut junction.
Mesenchyme that is part of a maxillary prominence.
An endoderm that is part of a foregut-midgut junction.
A presumptive structure that develops_into a midbrain.
Bilateral mesenchymal mesoderm parallel and immediately adjacent to the neural tube/notochord; it generates a subset of extra-ocular, and other head, muscles.
The paired bundles of nerve fibers entering and leaving the spinal cord at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and autonomic preganglionic neurons. There are, however, some exceptions to this afferent/efferent rule.
ZFA has part_of to spinal cord but this causes spatial disjointness violations (CNS/PNS)
the primordial mass of tissue formed by the merging of the medial nasal prominences of the embryo; it contributes to the intermaxillary portion of the upper jaw, the prolabial portion of the upper lip, and the primary palate.
Editors note: requires verification. Note EHDAA2 has this as coming from both lateral and medial prominences. See also: median cleft lip
the primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing limbs, autopods and digits, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to limb connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with myotome cells.
A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis.
merge with presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary?
Serous sac, which has as parts the pleura and the pleural cavity. Examples: There are only two canonical instances, right and left pleural sacs.
Mesenchyme that surrounds primitive urogenital sinus.
Androgen receptor (AR) activation releases instructive signals from UGM that acts on UGS epithelium (UGE) to stimulate cell proliferation, form prostate ductal progenitors (prostatic buds), and regulate cell adhesion dynamics to permit prostatic bud outgrowth
An epithelium that is part of a embryonic cloaca.
a specific region of the urogenital sinus epithelium into the area in which the prostate gland will develop.
Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract.
A division of the stomach. The stomach can be divided based on mucosal histology (glandular epithelium and gastric glands) and the relative position and type of gastric gland.
Editor notes: We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by gland, but we also include 'body of stomach'. In future we may want to have different partitions of the stomach
Intermediate segment of the autopod, between the mesopodial region and and acropodial region. Examples: metacarpal region, metatarsal region
Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. Editors note: considering adding 'acropodial region'
The collection of all skeletal elements in a mesopodium. Examples: the tarsal skeleton, the carpal skeleton
Limb skeleton subdivision consisting of endochondral bones increasing the freedom of movement of the autopodia, and located between zeugopodia and autopodia.[VSAO]
relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]
relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]
Subdivision of skeleton that consists of endochondral elements distal to the zeugopodial skeletal elements which constitute the proximal region of the posterior autopod skeleton[PHENOSCAPE:ad].
Segment of the leg corresponding to the tarsus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the tibia and fibula at one end and the metatarsals at the other end.[AAO]
The three main outgroup taxa of tetrapods, panderichthyids, osteolepiforms, and rhizodontids, have endoskeletal elements corresponding to the stylo- and zeugopodial elements in a tetrapod limb. In addition, there are elements that share the position and possibly the developmental derivation of the ulnare and the intermedium. From these observations, most authors have concluded that the stylo- and zeugopodial elements as well as the proximal mesopodial elements have counterparts in the fins of tetrapod ancestors, but there are no indications of wrist or ankle joints.[well established][VHOG]
Taxon notes: Not always associated with digits, in sarcopterygians the ulnare is present without true digits being formed, though their homologous radial elements are present[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. AO notes: we assume MA:tarsus belongs here, as there is a distinct class MA:ankle, with the tarsal bone being part of the former. XAO:tarsus is part of the hindlimb skeleton. FMA set-of class lacks definition but we assume this to be equivalent.
Cranial placode with neurogenic potential[cjm]. Neurogenic placodes are transient ectodermal thickenings that form at the border of the neural plate and epidermis and give rise to sensory neurons of the cranial ganglia[ZFA]. The neurogenic placodes give rise to parts of various nerves and ganglia, the olfactory organ, parietal eye, parts of the inner ear, and the lateral line. There are 2 major series of neurogenic placodes, the dorsolateral and ventrolateral or epibranchial[PMID]
Includes: trigeminal, otic, lateral line and epibranchial placodes. Taxon notes: While some sensory placodes (otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates (Wada et al., 1998), the so-called neurogenenic placodes (trigeminal, otic, lateral line and epibranchial placodes) appear to have emerged at a later time (Shimeld and Holland, 2000)[NBK53171]
An organ of the digestive tract that is capable of retaining and storing food
This is a very broad functionally defined grouping class that collects disparate structures from insects to vertebrates
Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 1.
Mesenchyme that is part of a 1st arch maxillary component.
The sum total of mesenchymal tissue in the pharyngeal arch region.
associated mesenchyme of pharyngeal region
entire branchial arch associated mesenchyme
entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme
Gland of the epithelium lining the oral cavity. The most common are the salivary glands.
Note that Kardong classifies lacrimal glands here
A compound organ that develops_into a tongue.
A developing anatomical structure that develops_into a metencephalon.
A developing anatomical structure that develops_into a myelencephalon.
the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pedal appendages (e.g. manus, pes, paw)
An endocrine gland that is part of a nervous system.
A sex cord that is part of a indifferent gonad.
Usage notes: note that this represents the indifferent structure.
A bodily secretion that secreted_by a seminal vesicle.
AO notes: in ncit, seminal fluid is a subtype of seminal vesicle secretion
Any gland, other than the gonad, associated with the genital tract, such as the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral, prostate and vesicular glands of the male.
Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac ventricle.
presumptive cardiac ventricle heart tube
Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac atrium.
The camera-type eye apart from its appendages/adnexa.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme.
1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest
Mesenchyme that develops_from a rhombencephalon neural crest.